DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT For PROPOSED DEVAKATHIKOPPA INDUSTRIAL AREA Over an extent of 185.85 Ha.
At
Villages: Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Taluk: Shivamogga District: Shivamogga State: Karnataka By
M/s. Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board 4th& 5th Floor, Kanijha Bhavan, Race Course Road, Bangalore
Project Termed under Schedule 7(c) – Category B (Appraised under MoEF&CC as Category A due to applicability of General Conditions)
EIA CONSULTANTS
HUBERT ENVIRO CARE SYSTEMS (P) LIMITED, CHENNAI
NABET Certificate No & validity : NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0172 & Valid up to 13.10.2022
January 2021 KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The following personnel are gratefully acknowledged for their fullest support in collection, compilation of needful data regarding the project and kind cooperation in fulfilling the report on Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report of the proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area, over an extent of 185.85 Ha. at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Village, Shivamogga Taluk, Shivamogga District, Karnataka State.
M/s. Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board,
1) Mr. K.C. Shivakumar - Executive Engineer -Davanagare
2) Mr. G.R.Narayanappa - Assistant Executive Engineer -Shivamogga
M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited
1) Dr. J R Moses (CEO)
2) Dr. Raj Kumar Samuel (Director – Technical)
3) Mr.Vamsee Krishna Navooru (Consultancy Head and EIA Coordinator)
4) Mrs. Rajani (Consultant)
5) Mrs. Ramaa Prakash (Consultant)
6) Mr. N. Varadharajan (Consultant)
7) Mr. B. Tamil Selvan (Consultant)
8) Mr. Ramesh Kumaran (Junior Consltant)
9) Mr. Mahantesh (Junior Consultant)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page a
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Declaration by the Project Proponent
I, Executive Engineer, Shivamogga of M/s. Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board, declaration/ undertaking that owing the contents (information and data) of EIA report preparation has been undertaken in the compliance with Terms of Reference (ToR) for the proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area, over an extent of 185.85 Ha at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura villages, Shivamogga Taluk, Shivamogga District, Karnataka State, and the information and content provided in the report are factually correct.
for, M/s. Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page b
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organisation
I, Dr. J.R. Moses, hereby, confirm that the below mentioned experts prepared the EIA/EMP report for “The Proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area, over an extent of 185.85 Ha.” at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Taluk, Shivamogga District, Karnataka State. I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature:
Date: 21.12.2020
Name: Dr. J. R. Moses
Designation: Chief Executive Officer
Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai
NABET Certificate No &Validity: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0172 & Valid up to 13.10.2022
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page c
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Declaration of Experts contributing to the EIA
I, hereby, certify that I was involved in the EIA report for “The Proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area, over an extent of 185.85 Ha.” at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Taluk, Shivamogga District, Karnataka State. I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA with the support of the following Functional Area Experts.
EIA Coordinator
Name: N. Vamsee Krishna
Signature:
Date 21.12.2020
Contact Information: M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd # A-21, III Phase, Behind Lions Club School Thiru Vi Ka Industrial Estate Guindy, Chennai – 600 032, Tamil Nadu, India. Email: [email protected] Website: www.hecs.in
Functional Area Experts (FAEs):
S. Functional Name of the Duration of Signature No. Areas Expert Involvement January 2020 – AP FAE Dr. J R Moses 1. till date January 2020 – 2. AQ FAE Dr. J R Moses till date January 2020 – 3. WP FAE Dr. J R Moses till date March 2020 - 4. SHW FAE Mr.A.Manoharan May 2020 2020 March 2020 - 5. SE FAE Mr. V. Dhivakar May 2020 2020
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page d
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. Functional Name of the Duration of Signature No. Areas Expert Involvement March 2020 - May 2020 2020 6. EB FAE Dr. V. Sundararaj
March 2020 - Mr. Mallikarjuna 7. HG FAE May 2020 2020 Rao March 2020 - Mr. Mallikarjuna 8. GEO FAE May 2020 2020 Rao March 2020 - 9. LU FAE Mr. Venkateswarlu May 2020 2020 January 2020 – 10. RH FAE Dr. J R Moses till date March 2020 - 11. SC FAE Mr.A.Manoharan May 2020 2020
March 2020 - 12. NV FAE Mr.Vivek Navare May 2020 2020
AP - Air pollution monitoring, prevention and control AQ - Meteorology, air quality modeling and prediction WP - Water pollution monitoring, prevention and control SE - Socio-economics EB - Ecology and biodiversity NV - Noise& Vibration HG - Hydrology, ground water and water conservation Geo - Geology LU - Land use SC - Soil Conservation RH - Risk assessment and hazards management SHW - Solid and hazardous waste management
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page e
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 2
1.1 Project Background ...... 2 1.2 Purpose of the Report ...... 2 1.3 Identification of the Project & Project Proponent ...... 5 1.4 Nature, Size & Location of the Project ...... 7 1.5 Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country and/Region ...... 9 1.6 EIA Study ...... 10 1.7 EIA Cost ...... 10 1.8 Scope of the study ...... 10 1.9 Objectives of the Study ...... 12 1.10 Methodology adopted for the Study ...... 13 1.11 Applicable Regulatory Framework...... 13 1.12 Compliance to ToR issued vide F.No.21-55/2017-IA-IIII Dated 20.03.2017...... 15
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 23
2.1 Type of Project...... 23 2.2 Brief Description of the Project ...... 23 2.3 Site Location ...... 24 2.4 Existing Environmental Setup ...... 28 2.5 Size or Magnitude Of Operation ...... 29 2.5.1 Reduction in the Area ...... 30 2.5.2 Plotted area Allotment ...... 32 2.5.3 Internal Access Road...... 32 2.5.4 Common amenities and Utilities ...... 32 2.5.5 Green belt ...... 32 2.6 Zonation for the Proposed Industial Area ...... 33 2.7 Project Cost and schedule for Approval and Implementation ...... 38 2.8 Infrastructure Proposed for the project ...... 38 2.7.1 Water Requirement ...... 38 2.7.1.1 Construction Phase ...... 38 2.7.1.2 Operational Phase ...... 39 2.7.2 Power and Fuel Requirement...... 41
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page f
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2.7.3 Manpower Requirement ...... 41 2.7.4 Municipal Solid Waste Generation and Management ...... 42 2.7.4.1 Construction Phase ...... 42 2.7.4.2 Operational Phase ...... 42 2.7.5 E-Waste Management ...... 43 2.7.6 Hazardous waste generation and Management...... 43 2.8 Pollution control Measures Proposed ...... 43 2.8.1 Air Pollution Control Measures ...... 43 2.8.2 Wastewater Treatment ...... 43 2.8.3 Solid waste Management ...... 44
3. Description of Environment ...... 46
3.1 Preamble ...... 46 3.2 Study Area ...... 46 3.3 Description of the Study Area ...... 47 3.4 Environmentally/Ecologically Sensitive areas ...... 50 3.5 Physical Conditions of PIA District ...... 59 3.5.1 PIA District Profile ...... 59 3.5.2 Climatic Conditions ...... 59 3.5.3 Natural Resources of PIA District ...... 60 3.5.3.1 Flora & Fauna ...... 60 3.5.3.2 Forest Resources ...... 60 3.5.3.3 Irrigation ...... 60 3.5.3.4 Agricultural Resources ...... 61 3.5.3.5 Mineral Resources ...... 62 3.5.4 Land Use & Land Cover ...... 64 3.5.4.1 Land Use and Land Cover of the Study Area ...... 67 3.5.5 Topography ...... 70 3.5.6 Geomorphology of PIA District ...... 73 3.5.6.1 Geomorphology of Study Area ...... 74 3.5.7 Hydrogeology of PIA District...... 77 3.5.8 Drainage Pattern in PIA District ...... 79 3.5.9 Geology in PIA District...... 81 3.5.10 Seismicity ...... 82
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page g
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.11 Soils in PIA District ...... 84 3.5.12 Natural Hazards in PIA District ...... 85 3.6 Meteorology ...... 87 3.6.1 Meteorological Conditions...... 87 3.6.2 Meteorological Data Collection ...... 87 3.6.3 General Meteorological Scenario based on IMD Data ...... 87 3.6.4 Meteorological Scenario during Study Period...... 88 3.6.5 Atmospheric Inversion ...... 89 3.7 Ambient Air Quality ...... 90 3.7.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations ...... 90 3.7.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Techniques and Frequency ...... 93 3.7.3 Results and Discussions ...... 93 3.7.4 Observations ...... 98 3.8 Noise Environment ...... 98 3.8.1 Results and Discussions ...... 98 3.8.2 Observations ...... 99 3.9 Water Environment ...... 101 3.9.1 Surface Water Resources ...... 101 3.9.1.1 Surface Water Quality Assessment ...... 101 3.9.1.2 Results and Discussions ...... 107 3.9.2 Groundwater resources ...... 107 3.9.2.1 Groundwater Quality ...... 110 3.9.2.2 Results and Discussions ...... 114 3.10 Soil as a resource and its Quality ...... 114 3.9.3 Results and Discussions ...... 118 3.11 Biological Environment ...... 118 3.11.1 Methodology ...... 119 3.11.2 Floral Study ...... 119 3.11.2.1 Floristic composition within the study area ...... 119 3.11.3 Faunal Study ...... 129 3.11.3.1 Fauna ...... 129 3.12 Socio Economic profile ...... 138 3.12.1 Socio Economic Profile of District ...... 138 3.12.1.1 Socio Economic Aspects...... 138
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page h
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.12.1.2 Population and Household Size ...... 139 3.12.1.3 Sex Ratio ...... 139 3.12.1.4 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes ...... 140 3.12.1.5 Education & Literacy ...... 140 3.12.1.6 Health Facilities ...... 141 3.12.2 Socio Economic Profile of Study area ...... 142 3.12.3 Administrative Details ...... 147 3.12.4 Gram Panchayat details ...... 147 3.12.5 Population details ...... 148 3.12.6 Literacy details ...... 148 3.12.7 Employment pattern ...... 148 3.12.8 Main Worker employment pattern ...... 149 3.12.9 Infrastructure facilities ...... 149 3.12.9.1 Education Details ...... 149 3.12.9.2 Health facilities details ...... 150 3.12.9.3 Drinking water facility ...... 150 3.12.9.4 Drainage facility ...... 151 3.12.9.5 Communication facility...... 151 3.12.9.6 Transportation facility...... 152 3.12.9.7 Road facility ...... 152 3.12.9.8 Banking facility ...... 152 3.12.9.9 Recreation facilities ...... 153 3.12.10 Conclusion ...... 153
4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 155
4.1 Impact Identification& Evaluation...... 155 4.1.1 Nature of impact ...... 155 4.1.2 Duration of impact ...... 155 4.1.3 Area extent of impact ...... 156 4.1.4 Intensity of impact ...... 156 4.2 Construction Phase ...... 156 4.2.1 Land Environment ...... 157 4.2.1.4 Impacts ...... 157 4.2.1.5 Mitigation Measures ...... 157
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page i
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.2.2 Air Environment ...... 157 4.2.2.4 Impacts ...... 157 4.2.2.5 Mitigation Measures ...... 158 4.2.3 Water Environment ...... 158 4.2.3.4 Impacts ...... 158 4.2.3.5 Mitigation measures ...... 158 4.2.4 Noise Environment ...... 159 4.2.4.4 Impacts ...... 159 4.2.4.5 Mitigation Measures ...... 159 4.2.5 Waste Generation ...... 159 4.2.5.4 Impacts ...... 159 4.2.5.5 Mitigation measures ...... 160 4.2.6 Construction Waste Management ...... 160 4.2.7 Ecology ...... 161 4.2.7.4 Impacts ...... 161 4.2.7.5 Mitigation measures ...... 161 4.2.8 Social environment ...... 161 4.2.9 Health & safety measures during construction phase ...... 161 4.3 Operational Phase ...... 161 4.3.1 Land Environment ...... 162 4.3.1.4 Impact due to discharges on Land ...... 162 4.3.1.5 Mitigation Measures ...... 162 4.3.2 Air Environment ...... 162 4.3.2.1 Meteorological Data ...... 162 4.3.2.2 AERMET Process ...... 163 4.3.2.3 AERMOD Process ...... 163 4.3.2.4 Conclusion ...... 180 4.3.2.5 Mitigation Measures ...... 180 4.3.3 Traffic and Transport ...... 181 4.3.4 Noise Environment ...... 182 4.3.4.1 Impact ...... 183 4.3.4.2 Mitigation Measures ...... 183 4.3.5 Water Environment ...... 184 4.3.5.1 Impact due to Waste Water Generation ...... 184
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page j
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.3.5.2 Mitigation Measures ...... 184 4.3.6 Solid waste management ...... 186 4.3.6.1 Impacts ...... 186 4.3.6.2 Mitigation Measures ...... 187 4.3.7 Biological Environment ...... 188 4.3.7.1 Impact on Migratory Paths for Wildlife and Forest Blocks ...... 188 4.3.7.2 Mitigation Measures ...... 188 4.3.8 Socio-Economic Environment ...... 189
5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 191
5.1 Introduction...... 191 5.2 Site Selection ...... 191 5.3 Alternate Site Analysis ...... 191 5.4 Connectivity to the project site ...... 191 5.5 Environmental Considerations ...... 192
6 Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 194
6.1 Introduction...... 194 6.2 Objectives ...... 194 6.3 Environmental Monitoring Programme ...... 195 6.3.1 Environmental Monitoring Program – Construction Phase ...... 195 6.3.2 Environmental Monitoring Program – Operation Phase ...... 196 6.4 Submission of Compliance Reports ...... 197 6.5 On-site Mock Drills ...... 197 6.6 Greenbelt Development Plan ...... 198
7 Additional Studies ...... 202
7.1 Public Hearing ...... 202 7.2 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plans ...... 202 7.3 Risk Assessment ...... 202 7.3.1 Hazard Identification ...... 203 7.3.1.1 Hazards during Construction Phase ...... 203 7.3.1.2 Hazards during Operation Phase ...... 204 7.3.1.3 Hazards common in individual industries ...... 208 7.3.1.4 Hazards due to Natural Calamities ...... 209
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page k
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
7.3.2 Risk Mitigation Measures ...... 209 7.4 Disaster Management Plan ...... 212 7.4.1 Causes of Disaster ...... 212 7.4.2 Proposed First Aid and Medical Facilities ...... 212
8 Project Benefits ...... 214
9 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis ...... 216
10 Environmental Management Plan ...... 218
10.1 Introduction...... 218 10.2 Objectives of EMP ...... 218 10.3 EMP Roles and Responsibilities ...... 219 10.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) ...... 219 10.4 Environmental Management Plan During Construction Phase ...... 221 10.5 Environmental Management Plan for Operational Phase...... 223 10.5.1 Air Quality Management ...... 223 10.5.2 Noise Environment ...... 223 10.5.3 Water and Wastewater Management ...... 224 10.5.4 Rainwater Harvesting ...... 224 10.5.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management ...... 227 10.5.6 Land Environment ...... 227 10.5.7 Ecology ...... 227 10.6 Occupational Health Centre (OHC) ...... 228 10.6.1 First aid Boxes ...... 228 10.7 Corporate Environmental responsibility (CER) ...... 229 10.8 Cost Estimate for Environment Management Plan (EMP)...... 229
11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ...... 232
11.1 Summary ...... 232 11.2 Conclusion ...... 232
12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ...... 234
12.1 Brief Profile of Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited (HECS)...... 234 12.2 Strengths of HECS ...... 234 12.3 QCI – NABET – EIA Accreditation...... 235
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page l
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1 Type of Industries proposed for Industrial Area ...... 3 Table 1-2Salient Features of Project site ...... 7 Table 1-3Applicable Acts and Rules ...... 13 Table 2-1Salient Features of the Project ...... 23 Table 2-2List of Industries within 10km Radius from the project site...... 28 Table 2-3 Nearest Human Settlement ...... 29 Table 2-4Area Statement ...... 30 Table 2-5 Type of Industries proposed for Industrial Area ...... 34 Table 2-6Cost Break up for the project ...... 38 Table 2-7Tentative Time schedule for completion of the proposed project ...... 38 Table 2-8Water requirement during construction phase ...... 39 Table 2-9Water Requirement Break-Up Details ...... 39 Table 2-10 Power and Fuel Requirement ...... 41 Table 2-11Manpower Requirement ...... 41 Table 2-12Municipal Solid Waste generation and management ...... 42 Table 3-1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas within 15km radius from Project Boundary ...... 50 Table 3-2 District land use/land cover statistics for Shivamogga District (2011-12) ...... 64 Table 3-3 Land use Pattern of the study area ...... 67 Table 3-4 Geomorphology of the study area ...... 75 Table 3-5 Climatological Summary – Shimoga Region Station IMD-(1971-2000) ...... 88 Table 3-6 Meteorological Data for the studyPeriod (Jan 2020 to March 2020) ...... 89 Table 3-7Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 91 Table 3-8 Analytical Methods for Analysis of Ambient Air Quality Parameters ...... 93 Table 3-9Summary of the average baseline concentrations of pollutants (Jan 2020 to March 2020) .... 95 Table 3-10Day and Night Equivalent Noise Levels (Jan 2020 to March 2020) ...... 99 Table 3-11Test methods used for the analysis of water quality parameters ...... 101 Table 3-12 Surface water sampling locations...... 102 Table 3-13Surface water Monitoring Results the study period (Jan 2020 - March2020) ...... 105 Table 3-14Ground water potential in PIA District (Shivamogga) ...... 108 Table 3-15 Details of Groundwater Quality Monitoring Locations ...... 110 Table 3-16Ground Water Monitoring Resultsduring the study period (Jan 2020 - March 2020) ...... 112 Table 3-17Soil & Sediment Quality Monitoring Locations...... 115 Table 3-18 List of flora reported/observed in the study area ...... 119 Table 3-19 List of flora in Reserve Forest ...... 123 Table 3-20 List of fauna reported/observed in the study area ...... 129 Table 3-21 List of fauna in the Reserve Forest ...... 134 Table 3-22 Social Indicators of Shimoga District ...... 138 Table 3-23 Education Infrastructures in the Shimoga District ...... 141 Table 3-24 Medical Facilities available in Shimoga District ...... 141 Table 3-25 Demographic details of Study area ...... 143 Table 3-26 Administrative Details of the study area ...... 147 Table 3-27 Gram Panchayat details ...... 147 Table 3-28Population details ...... 148 Table 3-29 Literacy details ...... 148 Table 3-30 Employment pattern details ...... 149 Table 3-31 Main workers employment pattern ...... 149
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page m
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-32 Education facilities in number of villages ...... 150 Table 3-33 Health facilities in number of villages ...... 150 Table 3-34 Drinking water facility in number of villages ...... 151 Table 3-35 Drainage facilities in number of villages ...... 151 Table 3-36 Communication facilities in number of villages ...... 151 Table 3-37 Transportation facilities in number of villages ...... 152 Table 3-38 Road facilities in number of villages ...... 152 Table 3-39 Banking facilities in number of villages ...... 152 Table 3-40 Recreational facilities in number of villages ...... 153 Table 4-1Proposed Stack Emissions ...... 165 Table 4-2 Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of PM obtained through Modeling ...... 177
Table 4-3Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of SO2 obtained through Modeling ...... 178
Table 4-4Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations ofNOx obtained through Modeling ...... 179 Table 4-5Total Maximum GLCs from the proposed Stack Emissions (Controlled) ...... 180 Table 4-6Existing and proposed vehicular movement ...... 182 Table 4-7Traffic volume after implementation of the project ...... 182 Table 4-8 Categorisation of traffic ...... 182 Table 4-9 Characteristics of raw and treated sewage ...... 185 Table 4-10 Characteristics of CETP inlet and outlet ...... 186 Table 5-1Connectivity to the Project Site ...... 192 Table 6-1 Environmental Monitoring Programme- Construction Phase ...... 196 Table 6-2 Environmental Monitoring Programme –Operation Phase ...... 196 Table 6-3 Green belt area break up ...... 198 Table 6-4 Proposed green belt Species ...... 199 Table 10-1EMC Responsibility ...... 220 Table 10-2 Rainwater harvesting calculation ...... 224 Table 10-3CER Activities proposed ...... 229 Table 10-4Estimated budget for EMP ...... 230
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1 Industries already developed in the Industrial Area ...... 4 Figure 1-2 Industries already developed in Industrial Area ...... 5 Figure 1-3Location Map of the Project Site ...... 7 Figure 2-1Satellite Image of Environmental Sensitive Area with Distances ...... 25 Figure 2-2 Google SatelliteImagery 10 km radius ...... 26 Figure 2-3Google Satellite Imagery 5 km radius ...... 26 Figure 2-4 Google Satellite Imagery 1 km radius ...... 27 Figure 2-5Site Photographs ...... 28 Figure 2-6 Layout for the proposed Industrial Area ...... 31 Figure 2-7 Zonation Map for proposed Industrial Area ...... 37 Figure 2-8Water Balance Chart ...... 40 Figure 3-1Map showing the Satellite Image of the study area of Project ...... 48 Figure 3-2Topo Map of the study area ...... 49 Figure 3-3 Environmental sensitive areas covering within 15 km from project boundary ...... 58 Figure 3-4 Mineral Map of Karnataka ...... 63 Figure 3-5 Land Use Map of Shivamogga District ...... 65 Figure 3-6 Land Use/ land cover Pattern of PIA district ...... 66
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page n
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-7 Land use pattern of the Study Area ...... 68 Figure 3-8 Land Use Map of the Study Area ...... 69 Figure 3-9 Physical map of Karnataka State ...... 71 Figure 3-10Contour map of Study Area ...... 72 Figure 3-11 Geomorphology Map of Shimoga District ...... 74 Figure 3-12Geomorphology Pattern of PIA District ...... 75 Figure 3-13Geomorphology Map of Study area ...... 76 Figure 3-14Hydrogeology Map of Shivamogga district ...... 78 Figure 3-15Drainage map of the study area ...... 80 Figure 3-16 Geological Map of Karnataka ...... 82 Figure 3-17 Seismicity Map of India ...... 83 Figure 3-18 Soil Map of India ...... 85 Figure 3-19 Wind hazard Map of India ...... 86 Figure 3-20Wind Rose During studyPeriod (Jan 2020 to March 2020) ...... 89 Figure 3-21Atmospheric inversion level at the project site ...... 90 Figure 3-22Map showing the Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations ...... 92 Figure 3-23Trends of Measured Ambient Air Quality Concentrations in the Study Area(Jan 2020 to March 2020) ...... 97 Figure 3-24Map showing the noise monitoring locations ...... 100 Figure 3-25Map showing the surface water monitoring locations ...... 103 Figure 3-26Status of ground water utilization - Shivamogga District ...... 109 Figure 3-27 Map showing the groundwater monitoring locations ...... 111 Figure 3-28 Map showing the soil monitoring location ...... 116 Figure 3-29 Biodiversity Richness Map of the Project study area ...... 137 Figure 4-1Predicted 24 hrs GLC’s of PM within 10 km radius of the Study area ...... 177
Figure 4-2 Predicted 24-Hrs’ GLC’s of SO2 within 10 km Radius of the Study Area ...... 178
Figure 4-3 Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of NOx within 10 km Radius of the Study Area ...... 179 Figure 4-4Google image showing site connectivity ...... 181 Figure 4-5 Process Flow Diagram for Common STP...... 185 Figure 4-6 Process flow diagram for CETP ...... 186 Figure 4-7 Waste Management Concept ...... 188 Figure 10-1Organogram for Environmental Management Cell ...... 219 Figure 10-2 Section showing storm water drain and rainwater harvesting pit ...... 226
List of Annexure
Annexure no Details 1. ToR obtained vide F.No.21-55/2017-IA-III Dated 20.03.2017 2. Land documents 3. Layout for proposed Industrial Area 4. Zonation Map proposed for Industrial Area 5. Technical specifications and Process for ss flow for 100 KLD CSTP 6. Technical specifications and Process for ss flow for 1000 KLD CETP 7. Acknowledgment copyd of NBWL application 8. Green belt development layout for Proposed Industrial Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page o
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
9. Disaster Management Plan 10. Storm water drainage layout
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page p
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 1
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background Karnataka is considered as a pioneer in the field of industrialization in India. The State is in the forefront of industrial growth of our country since independence. In the era of economic liberation since 1991, the State has been spreading the growth of India Industry, particularly in terms of high-technology industries such as Electrical and Electronics Automobile Spare Parts, Information & Communication Technology (ICT) Biotechnology, etc, and also State enters recently in terms of establishment of Nanotechnology Industries.
In order to further consolidate its leadership position in terms of attracting investments, it is imperative that serviced land is made available to potential investors facilitating an early start of operations for them, in Karnataka State.
The proposed project envisages developing an Industrial Area spread over 185.85 Ha of land. The project would provide facilities that match any world-class Industrial area and would be an ideal place for investors to develop their facilities without any hassle. The private sector developer would develop land/buildings which are the “plug and play” format.
Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) proposes to establish an Industrial Area Development in the name of Devakathikoppa Industrial Area to support medium and small-scale projects to get an easy access to a ready to use base with supportive infrastructure facilities in the Industrial areas, developed and managed by KIADB. The Industrial Area is located in Devakothikppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Taluk, Shivamogga District of Karnataka state.
The proposed Industrial Area Development will be established in an area of 185.85 Ha with an estimated project cost of Rs. 2568 Lakhs (approx.) for Land, Infrastructure Development and Environmental Management. The land comprises of Private & Government Lands.
1.2 Purpose of the Report The purpose of this report is to obtain Environmental Clearance (EC) from Ministry of Environmental, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), New Delhi due to the applicability of General conditions, since Secondary Metallurgical processing industries with capacity > 30,000 TPA (Rerolling industries) and CETP are proposed (If at least one industry in the proposed industrial estate falls under the Category B, entire Industrial Park shall be treated as Category B, irrespective of the area). For this project, General Condition – [Shettihalli Wild Life Sanctuary/Anesara Reserve Forest at a distance of 1.81 km towards
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 2
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
SW from the project site] is applicable. Hence the project will be apprasied in MoEF&CC as category A.
The main Industries that are proposed for this Industrial Area is given in Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Type of Industries proposed for Industrial Area SNo Type of Schedule & CPCB Area Area Plotted Applicability of industries Category as Classification (Acres) (Ha) Area (%) General Conditions Proposed per EIA Notification 2006 and its amendments
EC Category Industries
1 Secondary 3(a) –B Red 50.0 20.24 37.1 Metallurgical Processing industries (Rerolling mills - capacity >30,000 TPA)
2 CETP – For 7(h) Red industries within the Industrial Shettihalli Wild Life Area Sanctuary/Anesara Reserve Forest ~ Non EC category Industries distance 1.81 km (SW) 3 Foundry units Nil Orange 24.0 9.71 17.8 <5MT/Hr Hence the project will be appraised 4 Fabrication Nil Orange 20.62 8.34 15.3 at MoEF&CC as 5 Textile Nil Red 12.47 5.05 9.3 category A Processing
6 Soaps, Nil Orange 10.5 4.25 7.8 Detergents and cosmetics
7 Forging of Nil Orange 13.4 5.42 9.8 metals
8 Auto Complex Nil Red 3.91 1.58 2.8
Total 134.9 54.59 100
Other Non EC category industries (as per the re-categorization of Industries by CPCB dated February 29, 2016 – Red, Orange, Green Category) which are not listed in the above table, but envisaged in the future will be accommodated with stringent pollution control norms, following
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 3
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020 siting guidelines, without affecting the surrounding environment and local natural resources including flora-fauna. Note: Common facilities like Water supply, basic Infrastructure (like roads, public power supply), Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), etc are proposed for the Industrial Area.
Some industries and infrastructure are already developed at site. Photographs are given in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-1 Industries already developed in the Industrial Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 4
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 1-2 Industries already developed in Industrial Area Terms of Reference (ToR) was issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), New Delhi vide F.No.21-55/2017-IA-IIII Dated 20.03.2017. The same is enclosed as Annexure-1.
As per the EIA Notification dated 17/02/2020, the Terms of Reference (ToR) issued will be valid for a period of 4 years from the date of issue.
This draft EIA/ EMP report is prepared for submission to KSPCB for conducting Public Hearing. After completion of Public Hearing, the Final EIA/EMP will be prepared by incorporating the response to the issues raised during Public Hearing for appraisal by MoEF & CC.
1.3 Identification of the Project & Project Proponent Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure Agency of Government of Karnataka, set up under Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Act of 1966. KIADB holds pride in being the first Government Organisation in Karnataka to obtain ISO 9001 Certification in the year 1997.
The key objectives of KIADB are: Promote rapid and orderly development of Industries in the State Assist in implementation of Policies of Government within the purview of KIADB Act, 1966.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 5
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Facilitate in establishing infrastructure projects Function on “No Profit – No Loss” basis
The functions that KIADB performs are:
Land acquisition and development of Industrial Areas in the State Providing basic Infrastructure in the Industrial Areas Land acquisition for Single Unit Complexes Land acquisition for Government agencies for their schemes and Infrastructure projects.
Till date, KIADB has formed 132 Industrial Areas spread over 40,000 acres across the state, and acquired land for nearly 473 single unit complexes ensuring balanced Industrial development in all regions with well thought out infrastructure and unique features. Additionally, KIADB through Commerce and Industries Department, Government of Karnataka, has established several innovative projects like Agro-Tech Parks, Apparel Parks, Food Parks, Auto Parks, Hardware Park, Bio-Tech Parks, EPIPs, Sector Specific SEZs, and Growth Centres. KIADB is also the implementing agency for the ambitions Suvarna Karnataka Development (SKDC) project. Address of KIADB zonal office and Registered office is given below. Registered Office KIADB Zonal Office Karnataka Industrial Shimoga KIADB Zonal Office Area Development Board Head Office, 4th Address: Sagar Road, Auto Complex, & 5 th Floor, Kanijha Bhavan, Race Course Shimoga – 577 201 Road, Bangalore – 560 001
KIADB has played a catalytic role in the Industrial development of Karnataka. The brief services provided by KIADB to investors and entrepreneurs include: Site selection and Acquisition of Land Financial assistance to small, medium and large-scale projects Equity participation in large projects on merit Technical consultancy for project identification and technical tie up Escort services, facilitation of Government clearance Merchant banking and financial tie-ups Extending incentives and concessions according to the policy of State Government. Financial package to investors for small, large and medium Industrial projects.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 6
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
1.4 Nature, Size & Location of the Project
The projectis“Proposed Development of Devakathikoppa Industrial Area” at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages of Shivamogga District and Taluk of Karnataka. The total area for development is 185.85Ha.(459.24 Acres), of which the development area is 101.39 Ha (250.55 Acres)The location map of the project site is shown inFigure 1-3.
Figure 1-3 Location Map of the Project Site
The salientfeatures of the project site are represented in the followingTable 1-2 Table 1-2Salient Features of Project site
S. No Features Description Name of the Project “Proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area over an extent of 1. 185.85 Ha”.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 7
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No Features Description 2. Developer Karnataka Industrial Area s Development Board 3. Total Land Area of the Project Site 185.85 Ha (459.24 acres). Geographical Location of the Villages: Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura, Taluk&District: Project site Shivamogga, State: Karnataka 4. Latitude: 13°59'47.40"N Longitude: 7 5°30'48.34"E (*Note: Reference- KIADB GIS Site) 5. Elevation 622m to 643m above MSL 6. Nearest Village Devakathikoppa ~0.5 km and Siddlipura ~1.5 km 7. Nearest Railway station Shivamogga Railway Junction is ~8.3 km towards SSE Nearest Highway SH57~6.26 km towards SE (Shimoga- Chikmaglur- KR 8. Nagar) and NH 206 ~1.81 km towards West (Chittoo – Honnavar) Nearest Airport Mangalore Airport ~135.43 km towards SSW 9. Shivamogga Airport (under construction) ~18.08 km towards SSW 10. Nearest major Town Shivamogga ~6 km 11. Nearest Port Mangalore Port ~142.27 km towards SSW Reserved Forest/Protected Details ~Distance Km Direction Forest/Notified Wildlife Siddalpur Minor Forest Inside Site - Sanctuary/Ecologically sensitive Devabalu RF Adjacent - areas Muddinakoppa RF 1.51 WSW Shettihalli WLS/ Anesara 1.81 RF SW Kunchenhalli RF 3.14 NE Puradahal RF 4.63 SSW Biranakere RF 5.98 NE RF 6.63 S Suttakote RF 7.02 NNE Hubbanahalli MF 8.07 WNW 12. Kesavinakatte MF 8.53 NNW RF 8.63 SSE MF 8.76 WNW Kudi RF 9.24 WSW Mandaghatta MF 9.35 W ChikkaDanavandi MF 9.44 WNW Shankargudda RF 9.91 SW Haramgatta RF 10.42 NE Kumsi RF 10.58 NW Ragihosahalli MF 10.87 WNW Basavapura MF 11.05 S Sakrebailu RF 11.12 S
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 8
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No Features Description Suragondanakoppa MF 12.15 NW Gajanuru RF 12.44 S Suduku MF 12.81 WNW Kudrekonda RF 14.09 N Kempinakatte MF 14.3 NW Suduru RF 14.33 WNW
Water Bodies Details ~Distance Km Direction LB Irrigation Canal 4.51 S Bare Halla 5.04 S Tunga Anecut WBC 6.43 SSE 13. Puradalu Dam 7.53 SSW SigeHalla Canal 7.54 W Savalanga Canal 9.65 N Tunga River 9.71 SSW
1. Shettihalli WLS ~1.81 Km* (SW) 2. Tyavarekoppa Lion and Tiger Reserve ~1.86 Km (SSW) 14. National Parks /Wild Life Sanctuary (located in Shettihalli WLS) *Note: Reference- KIADB GIS site Coordinates
1.5 Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country and/Region In order to have further growth in manufacturing sector, the Planning Commission recommended the following strategic objectives to bring change in the manufacturing sector in the next 15 years: Increasing the manufacturing sector growth to 12.0–14.0 percent over the medium term to make it the engine for the growth of economy. The 2.0 to 4.0 per cent differential over the medium-term growth rate of the overall economy will enable manufacturing to contribute at least 25.0 per cent of GDP by 2025. Increasing the job creation in manufacturing sector to create 100 million additional jobs by 2025. Emphasis should be given to creation of appropriate skill sets among the rural migrant and urban poor to make growth. Increasing the domestic value addition and technological ‘depth’ in manufacturing. Enhance global competitiveness of Indian manufacturing through proper policy support. To ensure sustainability of growth, particularly with regard to the environment.
The Karnataka Industrial Policy 2009-14 lays down prominence on promoting industrial development. The mission statement of the policy states the following: • To create enabling environment for robust industrial growth
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 9
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
• To ensure inclusive industrial development in the State • To provide additional employment for about 10 lakh persons by 2014 • To enhance the contribution of manufacturing sector to the State’s GDP from the current level of 17% to 20% by the end of policy period
Thus, it is well clear that the industrial sector will receive significant push in the future years from both Central Government as well as State Government. In order to aid the achievement of this size of GDP, the key growth drivers will be industry and services. Industry is expected to increase its share in the GDP from the current 15% to over 25% by 2020.
1.6 EIA Study
M/s. Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board.,as a part of the compliance to the regulatory requirement i.e., to obtain Envionmental Clearance from MoEF&CC has appointed M/s. Hubert Enviro Care systems Pvt. Ltd. (HECS) Chennai, to undertake field studies and preparation of EIA/EMP report. ,HECS is accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Education &Training (NABET), Quality Council of India, forIndustrial Estates/parks vide its Certificate No. NABET/ EIA/ 1922/ RA0172 Valid up to 13/10/2022.
The work of obtaining Environmental Clearance was earlier issued to M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai. Hence primary baseline data monitoring covering one season (three (3) months) i.e., from January 2020 to March 2020 has beendone by M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai’s in house laboratory which is MoEF&CC approved and NABL accredited environmental testing laboratory.
1.7 EIA Cost EIA study was undertaken by HECS for an amount of Rs 21 Lakhs.
1.8 Scope of the study The proposal is to obtain Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi, for Proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Taluk & District, Karnataka state .
An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible impact, whether positive or negative, that a proposed project may have on the environment, together consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects,i.e.,aiming at “Sustainable Development” due to the project activities.
This EIA report presents the existing baseline scenario and the assessment and evaluation of the environmental impacts that may rise during the construction and operational phases of
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 10
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
the project. This report also highlights the Environmental Monitoring Program during the construction and operation phases of the project, post project monitoring program and Environmental Management Plan.
th In terms of the EIA Notification dated 14 September 2006 and its subsequent amendments the generic structure of the EIA document will be as under:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Introductory information is presented in this Chapter. The introduction chapter provides background to the project, project proponent and describes the objective of this document. The purpose and organization of the report is also presented in this chapter.
Chapter 2: Project Description
This Chapter includes Project Description and Infrastructure Facilities delineating all the industrial and environmental aspects of the Industrial development of M/s. KIADBs Construction and operation phases activities.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This Chapter provides baseline environmental status of Environmental Components (Primary data) delineating meteorological details of the project site and surrounding area.
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures
This Chapter presents the analysis of impacts on the environmental and social aspects of the project as a result of establishment of plan and thereby suggesting the mitigation measures.
Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Sites)
This chapter includes the justification for the selection of the project site from Environmental point of view as well as from economic point of view so that the technology will be affordable to the member units of the industrial area.
Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Program
This chapter will include the technical aspects of monitoring, the effectiveness of mitigation measures which will include the measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules etc.,
Chapter 7: Additional Studies
This chapter will detail about the Public Consultation sought regarding the project. It will also identify the risks of the Project in relation to the general public and the surrounding environment during construction and operation phases of the plant and thereby presents
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 11
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Disaster Management Plan. Social impact assessment and R&R action plans.
Chapter 8: Project Benefits
This chapter deals with improvement in physical and social infrastructures, employment potential and other tangible benefits.
Chapter 9: Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
Not recommended during scoping stage.
Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan
This is the key Chapter of the report and presents the managementplan, covers the institutional and monitoring requirements to implement environmental managementmeasures and to assess their adequacy during project implementation.
Chapter 11: Summary and Conclusion
This chapter summarizes the information given in Chapters in this EIA/EMP report and the conclusion based on the environmental study, impact identification, mitigation measures and the environmental management plan.
Chapter 12: Disclosure of the Consultant
Names of consultants engaged in the preparation of the EIA/EMP report along with their brief resume and nature of Consultancy rendered are included in this Chapter.
1.9 Objectives of the Study
. To ensure environmental considerations are explicitly addressed and incorporated into the development of decision-making process.
. To anticipate and avoid, minimize or offset the adverse significant biophysical, social and other relevant effects of the above project proposal.
. To protect the productivity and capacity of natural systems and the ecological processes which maintain their respective functions.
. To promote development that is sustainable and optimizes resource use as well as management opportunities.
. To fully recognize the scope and requirements of the TOR and comply with the same.
. The major objective of this study is to prepare a detailed Environmental Impact Assessment Study within the study area i.e 10 km radius from the project.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 12
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
1.10 Methodology adopted for the Study
An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible impact, whether positive or negative, that a proposed project may have on the environment, together consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects, i.e., aiming at “Sustainable Development” due to the project activities.
The draft EIA report has been prepared on the basis of baseline data generated covering one season (three (3) months) i.e., from January 2020 to March 2020by M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai.
These data were used to assess the impacts which can arise from the project development and suggesting mitigation measures and to provide management options for implementing the mitigation measures for the proposed project.
1.11 Applicable Regulatory Framework
The EIA process followed for this EIA report is composed of the following stages:
1. Study of project information.
2. Screening & Scoping.
3. Environmental pre-feasibility study & application for approval of TOR.
4. Collection of detailed project management plan/report.
5. Baseline data collection.
6. Impact identification, Prediction & Evaluation.
7. Mitigation measures & delineation of EMP.
8. Risk assessment and safety & disaster management plan.
9. Review & finalization of EIA Report based on the TOR requirements.
10. Submission of EIA report for implementation of mitigation measures & EMP as well as necessary clearances from relevant Authority.
The Acts and Rules with applicability to the proposed project are given inTable 1-3. Table 1-3Applicable Acts and Rules
ActandRules Year S. No applicable Objective Applicability 1 Environmental 1986 To protect and improve overall Environment in general (Protection) Act environment
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 13
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
ActandRules Year S. No applicable Objective Applicability 2 Environmental Impact 2006 EIA notification for a more effective Applicable for the project Assessment Notification Environmental clearance process dipected in Schedule –I (as amended)
3 Air (prevention and 1981 To control pollution of air by Control of Air pollution. control of pollution) Act controlling emissions to the Will be obtained from prescribed standards. KSPCB before starting of construction activities and before operation of the project. 4 Water (Prevention and 1974 & To control water pollution by Control of Water pollution. Control of Pollution) Act 1977 controlling emission & Water Will be obtained from and Cess Act pollutants as per the prescribed KSPCB before starting of standards construction activities and before operation of the project. 5 Noise Pollution 2000 & Noise pollution regulation and Control of Noise pollution (Regulation and Control) 2010 controls (Amendment) rules
6 Hazardous Waste 2016 To store/handle hazardous waste and Appropriate handling of (Management and materials as per the provisions of the Hazardous Waste and Handling) Rules manufacturer, storage and import of Materials. Will be Hazardous Chemical Rules, obtained before operation Hazardous Wastes (Management and of the project Handling) Rules and Amendments
7 Solid Waste Management 2016 For effective management of Solid Control of Pollution due to Rules waste Solid waste 8 E- Waste (Management) 2016 Management as a Consumer Involvement of Rules. information technology and telecommunication equipment, electrical and electronics. 9 Batteries (Management 2001 Consumer to ensure that used Appropriate handling of and Handling) Rules (amend batteries are not disposed off in any used batteries ed in manner other than depositing with the 2010) dealer, manufacturer, importer, assembler, registered recycler, reconditioner or at the designated collection centres.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 14
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
ActandRules Year S. No applicable Objective Applicability 10 Construction and 2016 Generator shall prima-facie be Appropriate handling of Demolition Waste responsible for collection, segregation Construction and Management Rules of concrete, soil and others and Demolition waste. storage of construction and demolition waste generated, as directed or notified by the concerned local authority in consonance with these rules. The generator shall ensure that other waste (such as solid waste) does not get mixed with this waste and is stored and disposed separately. 11 The Manufacture, 1989 To prevent major chemical accidents Handling of Hazardous Storage and Import of arising from industrial activities; and Chemicals by the Hazardous Chemical to Limit the effects of chemical member Industries. Rules (as amended) (industrial) accidents
1.12 Compliance to ToR issued vide F.No.21-55/2017-IA-IIII Dated 20.03.2017
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance 1 Reasons for selecting the site with details of Based on the availability of land and access to site, alternate sites examined/ rejected/ selected on Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura villages were selectd merit with comparative statement and reason/ basis for development of this Industrial Area. for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in terms of environmental damage, The Major land within the project site are with resources sustainability associated with selected scattered grass. The rest is barren land. No alternate site as compared to rejected sites. The analysis sites were selected for the project. Land documents should include parameters considered along with are enclosed as Annexure-2. weightage criteria for short- listing selected site. 2 Submit the details of the land use break-up for the Land use breakup for the Project area is provided in proposed project. Details of land use around 10 km Section 2.5 Table 2-4. radius of the project site. Analysis should be made based on latest satellite imagery for land use with Details regarding land use and land cover of study area raw images. are given in Section. 3.6.4 3 Submit details of environmentally sensitive places, Environmental sensitive places are given in Table 3-1 land acquisition status, rehabilitation of communities/ villages and present status of such There is no R& R for the project. The proposed project
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 15
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance activities. land is already acquired by KIADB and free from habitations. 4 Nearest settlement is Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Examine the impact of proposed project on the at distance of 0.71 ~km & 0.92 ~km from site. Impacts nearest settlements. of the proposed project are detailed in chapter 4. 5 The primary baseline data monitoring covered one season (three (3) months) i.e., from January 2020 to Mach 2020. Baseline environmental quality was examined at 8 Examine baseline environmental quality along with locations within the study area. The Ambient Air Quality projected incremental load due to the project taking monitoring locations and results are given in Section into account of the existing developments nearby. 3.7. Results are found within the NAAQ Standards.
The Ground level concentrations due to proposed project is given in section 4.4.2 6 Details are given in the following sections of Chapter 3 Environmental data to be considered in relation to Land (Section 3.10), ground water (Section 3.9.2), the project development would be (a) land, (b) surface water (Section 3.9.1), Ambient Air Quality groundwater, (c) surface water, (d) air, (e) bio- (Section 3.7), biodiversity (Section 3.11), noise and diversity, (f) noise and vibrations, (g) socio vibrations (section 3.8), socio economic and health economic and health. (section 3.12)
7 Contour map of study area is provided in Chapter 3, Submit a copy of the contour plan with slopes, Figure 3-10. Drainage map of study area is provided in drainage pattern of the site and surrounding area. Chapter 3, Figure 3-15
8 Shettihalli WLS/ Anesara RF at a distance of 1.81 ~km towards SW from the project site. Satellite imagery of Details regarding project boundary passing through Eco-sensitive area given in Figure 2-1. List of Eco- any eco- sensitive area and within 10 km from eco- sensitive areas are given in Table 2-2, Topo Map of the sensitive area. study area given in Figure ESZ. Topo map showing the distance of Shettihalli WLS/ Anesara RF from project site is given in Figure 3-2
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 16
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance 9 15 m green belt is proposed along the periphery of the
Green buffer in the form of green belt to a width of project site KIADB is proposing 14.31 Ha (14.11% of 15 meters should be provided all along the green belt area)Individual industries will be mandated to periphery of the industrial area. The individual units provide green belt of 19.14 Ha (18.89% within the should keep 33% of the allotted area as a green project site. Total green belt area proposed is 33% of area. developable area Green belt layout is enclosed as Annexure 8
10 Around 100 coconut trees have been already cut for the Submit the details of the trees to be felled for the project. Tothe maximum tree cutting will be avoided. If project. the trees are to be cut, it will be compensated by planting 3 trees for every tree to be cut. 11 Infrastructure facilities like Administration building, water supply system, storm water drain, roads, and solid waste management system, Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), Submit the details of the infrastructure to be Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) is proposed. developed. Apart from this fire station, occupational health centre is also proposed in common amenities. Canteen/ food court will be proposed in the commercial area. 12 The present land use is agricultural fallow land as per Submit the present land use and permission bhuvans.nrsc.gov.in. The entire land has been acquired required for any conversion such as forest, by KIADB. Land documents are enclosed as Annexure- agriculture etc. 2. 13 The proposed project land is already acquired by Submit details regarding R&R involved in the KIADB, therefore there is no R&R involved in the project project. Details provided in Chapter 7, Section 7.2.
14 Secondary metallurgical processing industries like Secondary Metallurgical processing industries >30,000 Zoning of the area in terms of ‘type of industries' TPA -Rerolling industries, Forging of metals, Foundary coming-up in the industrial area based on the units, Textile Industry, Fabrication Units, Automobile resource requirement along with likely pollutants industries and Soaps, detergents and cosmetics with quantity from the various industries. industries are proposed for the project. It is also proposed that, all category of industries (as per the re- categorization of Industries by CPCB during 2016 – Red,
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 17
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance Orange, Green Category) which are not listed in the following table, but envisaged in the future will be accommodated with stringent pollution control norms, following siting guidelines, without affecting the surrounding environment and local natural resources including flora-fauna.
Zoning map showing the tentative type of industries is attached as Annexure -4. 15 The project boundary area and study area for which the base line data is generated should be indicated Details Baseline monitoring and its results provided in through a suitable map. Justification of the Chapter 3, Section 3.7, 3.8, 3.9 & 3.10 along with parameters, frequency and locations shall be monitoring locations map and parameters for each. discussed in the EIA. 16 Submit Legal frame work for the implementation of Legal frame work is discussed in Chapter 10, section Environmental Clearance conditions - to be clearly 10.3 of EIA report. spelt out in the EIA report. 17 Submit Roles and responsibility of the developer Roles and responsibilities are discussed in Chapter 10, etc for compliance of environmental regulations section 10.3 of EIA report. under the provisions of EP Act. 18 Details of site justification provided in Chapter 5, Section Site justification of the identified industry sectors 5.2.There are many steel industries near the site. Hence from environmental angle and the details of the Rerolling mills and Foundry units are proposed for the studies conducted if any. project. 19 Ground water classification as per the Central As per CGWA the project site falls under safe zone. Ground Water Authority. 20 The Total water requirement is 2709 KLD and fresh water requirement of 1681.5 KLD, will be met from ground water. 1027.5 KLD will be met from recycling of Submit the source of water, requirement vis-à- treated wastewater. vis waste water to be generated along with
treatment facilities, use of treated waste water The domestic sewage generation is estimated to be 243 along with water balance chart taking into account KLD This will be treated in CSTP of 300 KLD capacity all forms of water use and management. and treated sewage of 243 KLD will be reused for gardening and secondary purposes. The trade effluent generation is expected to be 798 KLD,
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 18
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance which will be treated in CETP of 1000 KLD.Treated effluent of 784.5 KLD will be reused for process and utilities. Water Balance Chart given in Figure 2-8. 21 Storm water drainage system will be provided for the Industrial area with rainwater harvesting for common facilities and green belt area. Rain water harvesting proposals should be made
with due safeguards for ground water quality. Layout showing the storm water drainage plan with Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain rainwater harvesting system is enclosed as Annexure water. Examine details. 10. Apart from this Individual industries will have their own rain water harvesting sysem. 22 Soli quality was assessed in 8 different locations within the study area and the details are given in Section 3.10 .Shivamogga District ground water is being exploited from within the depth range of 13.00 to 30.00 m BGL through dugwells and 30.00 to 200.00 m BGL through Examine soil characteristics and depth of ground dug-cum-bore wells and bore wells. The Hydrogeology water table for rainwater harvesting. map of Shivamogga district is given in Figure 3-14. Source: CGWB report Shivamogga District, March 2009 - May 2009.
Individual industries will have their own rain water harvesting system. 23 Municipal Sold Waste Management
During operational Phase 2790 kg/day of MSW will be generated. Individual industries will segregate the organic and inorganic wastes. Organic waste of 1674 Kg/day will Examine details of solid waste generation be composted at site in common MSW processing area treatment and its disposal. and compost will be used as manure. Inorganic wastes of 1116 Kg/day will be disposed to KSPCB authorized recyclers.
E-Waste Management The individual industry would obtain separateauthorization
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 19
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance from KSPCB, for the disposal of E-waste, generated. Hazardous waste Management:
Hazardous waste management would be the responsibility of individual industries. Prior to the commencement of production, each unit shall take authorization for storage, handling and transport of hazardous waste, as per the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. Details are given in Section 2.7.4 24 Examine and submit details of use of solar energy Individual industries will be emphasized to have solar and alternative source of energy to reduce the fossil lighting for their premises. energy consumption. 25 In case DG sets are likely to be used Details of utilities and DGs proposed for the project is during construction and operational phase of the given in Table 4-1. AEROMOD software is used to project, emissions from DG sets must be taken into estimate the GLCs from proposed air pollution Sources. consideration while estimating the impacts on air Details are given in Section 4.4.2. environment. Examine and submit details. 26 Examine road/rail connectivity to the project site and impact on the traffic due to the proposed SH-57, 6.26 ~km towards SE and NH 206, 1.81 ~km project. Present and future traffic and transport towards West from the project site. facilities for the region should be analysed with measures for preventing traffic congestion and Existing and proposed traffic and traffic volume details providing faster trouble free system to reach are given in Section 4.4.3. different destinations in the city. 27 A detailed traffic and transportation study should be made for existing and projected passenger and Details given in Section 4.4.3. cargo traffic. 28 Examine the details of transport of materials for The construction materials will be sourced from nearby construction which should include source and places for the proposed project. availability. 29 Examine the details of National Highways/ State SH-57, 6.26 ~km towards SE and NH 206, 1.81 ~km Highways/ expressways falling along the corridor towards West from the project site, Impact due to and the impact of the development on them. existing and proposed traffic is detailed in Section 4.4.3. 30 Examine noise levels - present and future with Noise levels were monitored at 8 locations within the site
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 20
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No ToR Points Status/ Compliance noise abatement measures. and the same is given in Chapter 3,Section 3.8. Noise management are given in Chapter 10, Section 10.5.2. 31 Identify, predict and assess the environmental and sociological impacts on account of the project. CER with cost estimate is given in Chapter 10, Section A detailed description with costs estimates of CSR 10.7. should be incorporated in the EIA / EMP report. 32 Environment Management Plan for construction phase Examine separately the details for construction and given in Chapter 10 Section 10.4 and operational phase operation phases both for Environmental given in, Section in 10.5. Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Programme is provided in Plan with cost and parameters. Chapter 6 Section 6.3 33 Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan including emergency evacuation Disaster Management Plan is attached asAnnexure-9 during natural and man-made disaster. 34 The Public hearing should be conducted for the project in accordance with provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, The draft EIA report is being submitted to KSPCB to 2006 and the issues raised by the public should be conduct Public Hearing. After Public Hearing is addressed in the Environmental Management Plan. conducted,the issues raised by the public will be The Public Hearing should be conducted based on addressed. the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes of the Meeting available on the web-site. 35 A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared in accordance with the above additional TOR and EIA has been prepared in accordance with the above should be submitted to the Ministry in accordance additional ToR. with the Notification.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 21
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 22
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Type of Project The proposed project is an Industrial Area Development (listed as Item No. 7(c) under Category ‘B’ of the EIA Notification of 14thSeptember 2006, due to the applicability of General conditions), the project will be appraised at MoEF&CC as Category A. The total land area for the project is 185.85 Hectares (459.24 acres) at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Taluk and District, Karnataka State.
2.2 Brief Description of the Project Out of the 185.85 Ha (459.24 Acres), 32.37 Ha (80 Acres) has been allotted to RR Housing Corporation, 44.74 Ha (110.56 Acres) will be allotted to KSSIDC and remaining 110.29 Ha (250.55 Acres) will be developable area. The main Industries that can be developed in the Proposed Industrial Area are only B Category Industriesi as per the EIA Notification, 14thSeptember, 2006 as amended on 1stDecember, 2009. The type of industries proposed are given in Table 1-1
The responsibility of KIADB will be site development, infrastructure development and allotment of plots for Industrial units. Infrastructure which will be provided by KIADB are given below: Major and Arterial Roads. Drainage System Power Station and Electrical supply line. Green Area Common Effluent Treatment Plant Common Sewage Treatment Plant Common Solid waste management area
Area allotted for industrial plots and commercial area will be approximately 55%of the total area and the remaining land will be used for Common facilities of Industrial Area including greenbelt area, Parking area, Roads, Common Effluent Treatment Plant and Solid Waste Management Facility etc. Salient features of the project are given in given in Table 2-1.
Table 2-1Salient Features of the Project
Item Details Project Name M/s Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board - “The Proposed Devakathikoppa Industrial Area over an extent of 185.85 Ha”.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 23
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Item Details Schedule and Category of the 7 (C) – Category ‘B’ (Will be appraised in MoEF&CC as Category A, due to Project the applicability of General Conditions)
Proposed Total plot area 185.85 ha (459.24Acres)
Type of project Fresh EC
Power requirement 23 MVA
Source of power KTCPL
Power backup (DG sets) 1 x500 kVA, 2x 250 kVA for common facilities (individual industries will have their own power back up)
Water requirement Construction Phase – 35 KLD
Operation Phase Total Water Requirement – 2709 KLD, Fresh water requirement – 1681.5 KLD, recycled water – 1027.5 KLD
Wastewater generation and Sewage generation -243 KLD will be treated in CSTP of 300 KLD treatment Effluent generation -798 KLD will be treated in CETP of 1000 KLD
Wastewater disposal Treated domestic sewage of 243 KLD will be recycled for geeen belt development and secondary purposes.
Treated trade effluent of 784.5 KLD will be recycled for process and utilities.
Zero liquid discharge concept is proposed
Manpower Requirement Construction Phase – 100 persons/day
Operation Phase – 6200 persons/day
Project cost INR 115 Crores
2.3 Site Location The project site is locatedat Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, ShivamoggaTaluk, Shivamogga District, Karnataka State. The project site falls in the SOI toposheet No. D43J8, D43J12, D43P5 & D43P9 and lies between the Latitude: 13°59'47.40"N and Longitude: 75°30'48.34"E.
The Satellite Image of Environmental Sensitive Areas with Distances within 15 Km Radius is appended in the Figure 2-1Error! Reference source not found.. The Google satellite image covering 10 Km, 5 km &1 km radius around the project site are appended in Figure 2-2, Figure 2-3 and Figure 2-4 respectively. Site photographs are shown in
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 24
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-5.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 25
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-1Satellite Image of Environmental Sensitive Area with Distances within 15Km Radius
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 26
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-2 Google SatelliteImagery 10 km radius
Figure 2-3Google Satellite Imagery 5 km radius
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 27
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-4 Google Satellite Imagery 1 km radius
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 28
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-5Site Photographs
2.4 Existing Environmental Setup The list of existing industries within 10 km radius of the project site is given in Table 2-2, Nearest human settlement is given in Table 2-3.
Table 2-2 List of Industries within 10km Radius from the project site
S. No Name Distance in ~Km Direction 1 Amruth Industries 10.5 SSE 2 Nandi Glass Industries 10.05 SSE 3 Pearlite Liners (P) Ltd. 9.47 SSE 4 Sree Bindu Arecanuts 6.23 SSE 5 Bhavimane Adike Mandi 6.28 SSE 6 Aishwarya Arecanuts Company 6.3 SSE 7 SwastikArecanuts 6.34 SSE 8 Udayaravi Arecanut Company 6.365 SSE 9 Sri Rajalakshmi Arecanut Company 6.38 SSE 10 Kogina Bailu Kalasappa Nayak & Co 6.38 SSE 11 Kimmane Gopalakrishna & Br. 6.4 SSE 12 Doranal GM & Son's 6.41 SSE 13 Anugraha Areca Nut Company (P) Ltd. 6.37 SSE
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 29
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No Name Distance in ~Km Direction 14 Bharath Betelnut Company 6.56 SSE 15 BK Ramkrishna Arecanut company 6.71 SSE 16 KK Arecanut Company 6.72 SSE 17 The Campco Ltd 6.64 SSE 18 Nagavane Arecanut Company 6.76 SSE 19 Sringeri krishnappa Hegde & Co 6.72 SSE 20 Sri Lakshmi Venkateshwara Arecanut Co. 6.37 SSE 21 AArudra Arecanut Traders. 6.42 SSE 22 Sree SGK Industries 6.85 SSE 23 Patel Plastic Bags 6.88 SSE 24 Auto Clutches 6.94 SSE 25 SN Industries 6.9 SSE 26 R.R. Industries 6.92 SSE 27 Shri Guruji Industries 6.93 SSE 28 Thermit Alloys (P) Ltd. 6.79 SSE 29 Viswha Industries 6.84 SSE 30 Sri Veerabhadreswara Arecanut Co. 6.63 SSE 31 Sri Manjunatha Swamy Friedgram Industry 6.9 SSE 32 Neptune Auto Works 6.74 SSE 33 Bhuvan Industries 9.98 S 34 Paper Packaging Ltd 10.25 S 35 Malnad Coco Products 10.38 S 36 Shri Siva Sai Cast (P) Ltd. 0.69 SE 37 Mylar Arica Products 6.3 ESE 38 Perfect Alloy Components (P) Ltd. 6.11 ESE 39 Focus Diecast (P) Ltd. 6.16 ESE
Table 2-3 Nearest Human Settlement
S.No Village ~Distance Direction Population (As per Census 2011) (Km) 1 Devakathikoppa 0.71 S 450 2 Siddlipura 0.92 SW 486 3 Ambli Katte 2.10 NNE 4 4 Yerekoppa 2.61 NNW 481 5 Somagoppa 2.96 W 68 6 Bhairanakoppa 2.77 SSE 247
2.5 Size or Magnitude Of Operation The total Area of the proposed project site is 185.85 Hectares. Of this, 32.37 Ha (80 Acres) has been allotted to RR Housing Corporation, 44.74 Ha (110.56 Acres) will be
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 30
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
allotted to KSSIDC and remaining 110.29 Ha (250.55 Acres) will be the developable area. The proposed area to be developed is 101.39 Ha (250.55 Acres). Entire land has been acquired by KIADB for proposed Industrial Area Development. Land documents for the project is enclosed as Annexure-2.The major development would be Industrial Area with plots based on Size of Industry planned to be developed. KIADB proposes 154 number of Industrial Plots to be developed in the proposed industrial area. Apart from industrial plots, common amenities like water supply system, storm water drainage system, Adminisrative building, Municipal Solid waste management area, parking area,CETP, CSTP, green belt buffer, Commercial area are proposed for the project.The Area break up for the proposed Industrial Area is given in Table 2-4. Layout of Proposed Industrial Area is given as Figure 2-6 and Annexure-3.
Table 2-4Area Statement S.No Description Proposed Area in Ha AreainAcres % 1 Industrial Area 53.01 130.99 53.84 Auto Complex sub layout 1.58 3.91 2 Commercial Area 0.49 1.22 0.48 3 Amenities 3.54 8.71 3.47 4 Lakes, pond and open space 10.29 25.44 10.15 5 Buffer and parks (Green belt) 13.25 32.72 13.34 Auto Complex Buffer (green belt) 0.28 0.70 6 Parking 2.02 5.00 2.0 7 Utilities 1.4 3.47 1.38 8 Storm water drain 0.28 0.70 0.27 9 Industry Roads 14.22 35.14 15.03 Auto complex roads 1.03 2.55 Total 101.39 250.55 100 10 R.R.Housing Corporation 32.38 80.0 11 KSSIDC & others 44.74 110.56 12 Railway area 5.81 14.35 13 Not acquired area 1.53 3.78 Total 185.85 459.24
2.5.1 Reduction in the Area At the time of ToR application, the area given was 228.5 Ha. The layout area is now revised to 185.84 Ha. Since There was litigation in some area and KIADB could not acquire some land, 42.66 Ha has been removed from the total land area and the layout area is now modified to 185.84 Ha.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 31
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-6 Layout for the proposed Industrial Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 32
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2.5.2 Plotted area Allotment KIADB proposes 154 Nos. of Industrial Plots in the Industrial Area. The industrial plots would be distributed based on the following Sizes, i.e., 0.00-0.49 acres, 0.5-0.99 Acres, 1.0-1.99 Acres, 2.0-2.99 Acres, 3.0-3.99 Acres, 4.0-4.99 Acres, 5.0-5.99 Acres, 10.0-10.99 acres.
2.5.3 Internal Access Road Every main haul road shall be paved with concrete, bituminous materials, hardcore or metal plates, and kept clear of dusty materials; or sprayed with water or a dust suppression chemical so as to maintain the entire road surface wet. Internal roads of varying width (24 m ,18 m, 15m and 12m)with median will be provided.
It is proposed to provide 24 m wide road for 1260 m. Total length of all the roads will be 8797 m. 15.25 HaAcres i.e., 15.03% of the total layout area is allotted for providing internal roads.
2.5.4 Common amenities and Utilities Area allotted for common facilities is 12.18 Acres (4.93 Ha) i.e., 4.85% of the total Layout area. This includes an Administration Building, water storage and supply and other common Facilities like E.B. grid, Telecommunication, Bank, ATM, canteen, post office, fire station and Medical Dispensary, Municipal Sold Waste processing area, CETP and CSTP.
Area proposed for Municipal Solid waste processing is 1.0 Acre. The Municipal Solid Wastes produced in the Industrial park, will be segregated by the individual industries and sent to this area. Organic wastes will be composted here and used for green belt development and inorganic waste will be sold to authorised recyclers.
1.22 Acres (0.48%) is allotted for commercial activities like Food court / restaurants, shops etc.
2.5.5 Green belt 35.14 Acres (14.31 Ha) (14.11% of total developable area) is allotted for green belt development by KIADB. 15 m Green belt is proposed along the periphery of the Industrial Park and 50 m along the water body totalling to 30.89 Acres.
Apart from this, individual industrialunits will be mandated to develop green belt in 18.89 % of green belt(42.47 Acres).
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 33
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
It is proposed to plant indigenous native species which can further control pollution load.
Total green belt proposed for the project is 69.71 Acres(33.45 Ha,33 % of totaldevelopable area)
2.6 Zonation for the Proposed Industial Area Zonation for the proposed Industrial area was done based on the type of industries proposed for the Industrial Area. The type of industries proposed for the Industrial Area is given in Table 2-5.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 34
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 2-5 Type of Industries proposed for Industrial Area SNo Category of Type of industries Schedule & Category as per CPCB Pollution Area Area (Ha) Plotted indutries Proposed EIA Notification 2006 and its Classification Potential (Acres) Area (%) amendments 1 Metallurgical Secondary 3(a) -B Red A2F1, W15 50.0 20.24 37.1 Industries Metallurgical Processing industries (Rerolling mills - capacity > 30,000 TPA) 2 Foundry units <5MT/Hr Nil Orange A2F1, W15 24.0 9.71 17.8 3 Fabrication Nil Orange W13, A1D 20.62 8.34 15.3 4 Forging of metals Nil Orange Group A2F1 13.4 5.42 9.8 5 Textile Textile Processing, Red, W13, Group 12.47 5.05 9.3 A2F2 6 Readymade Garments Nil Green Nil 7 Formulation of Soaps, Detergents and Nil Orange 10.5 4.25 7.8 soaps , detergents cosmetics and cosmetics by mixing and blending 8 Automobile Automobile Parts Nil Red A1C; W11; 3.91 1.58 2.8 Industries manufacturing HW3 & HW4 Total 134.9 54.59 100 Other Non EC category industries (as per the re-categorization of Industries by CPCB dated February 29, 2016 – Red, Orange, Green Category) which are not stated above, but envisaged in the future will be accommodated with stringent pollution control norms, following siting guidelines, without affecting the surrounding environment and local natural resources including flora-fauna.
Source: As per CPCB classification of industries dated February 29, 2016
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 35
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Water Pollution
a) W11 - Waste-water which is polluted and the pollutants are - not easily biodegradable (very high strength waste waters having BOD > 5000 mg/l ); or toxic; or both toxic and not easily biodegradable. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits up-to 10 mg/l or having BOD > 5000 mg/l). b) W12 - Non-toxic high strength polluted waste-water having BOD in the range of 1000-5000 mg/l and the pollutants are biodegradable. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits from 11 mg/l to 250 mg/l and having BOD strength in the range of 1000-5000 mg/l). c) W13 – Non-toxic- polluted waste-water having BOD below 1000 mg/l and the pollutants are easily biodegradable. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits from 11mg/l to 250 mg/l and having BOD strength below 1000 mg/l). d) W15- Waste-water generated from the physical unit operations / processes and which is polluted due to presence of TDS (total dissolved solids) of inorganic nature and of natural origin like fresh-water RO rejects, boiler blow-downs, brine solution rejects etc. (Presence of criteria water pollutants having prescribed standard limits more than 250 mg/l. Air Pollution a) A1A – Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard limits up - to 2 mg/Nm3 b) A1B – Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 3to10 mg/Nm3 c) A1C – Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 11 to 50 mg/Nm3 d) A1D – Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 51 to 250 mg/Nm3 e) A1E – Presence of criteria air pollutants having prescribed standard from 251mg/Nm3& above. f) A1F – Generation of fugitive emissions of Particulate Matters which are: Not generated as a result of combustion of any kind of fossil-fuel. Generated due to handling / processing of materials without involving the use of any kind of chemicals. Which can be easily contained /controlled with simple conventional methods
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 36
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
g) A1G – Generation of Odours which are: Generated due to application of binding gums / cements /adhesives /enamels Which can be easily contained /controlled with simple conventional methods h) A2F1 – All such industries in which the daily consumption of coal/fuel is more than 24 MT/day and the particular (Particulate/gaseous/process) emissions from which can be controlled only with high level equipment’s / technology like ESPs, Bag House Filters, High Efficiency chemical wet scrubbers etc. i) A2F2 – All such industries in which the daily consumption of coal/fuel is from 12 MT/day to 24 MT/day and the particular(Particulate/gaseous/process) emissions from which can be controlled with suitable proven technology.
Hazardous waste
a) HW1 – Land disposable HW which requires special care & treatment for stabilization before disposal. b) HW2 – Incinerable HW c) HW3 – Land disposable HW which doesn’t require treatment & stabilization before disposal. High volume low effect wastes such as fly-ash, phosphogypsum, red-mud, slags from pyro-metallurgical operations, mine tailings and ore beneficiation rejects) d) HW4 – Recyclable HW, which are easily recyclable with proven technologies
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 37
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 2-7 Zonation Map for proposed Industrial Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 38
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2.7 Project Cost and schedule for Approval and Implementation The proposed Industrial Area Development will be undertaken in an area of 185.85 Ha with an estimated project cost Rs.2568 Lakhs (approx.) for Land, Infrastructure Development and Environmental Management. break up of cost details are detailed in Table 2-6 and the tentative project schedule is given inTable 2-7.
Table 2-6Cost Break up for the project S. No. Description INR (in lakhs) 1. Formation of Road 1368.61 2. Construction of RCC Drain 740.84 3. Providing pipe crossings for Road 24.39 4. Construction of Culverts 65.10 5. Construction of Storm water Drain 122.48 6. Providing water supply pipeline 85.80 7. Watr supply bore wells 10.0 8. Construction of GLSR 45.55 9. Construction of OHT 28.63 10. Construction of Pump house 5.37 11. Green belt development 70.55 12. Miscellaneous Expenses 0.6 2567.92 TOTAL Say 2568
Table 2-7Tentative Time schedule for completion of the proposed project
Particulars Time schedule Environmental Clearance from MoEF&CC May 2021 Consent for Establishment from KSPCB July 2021 Commencement of construction activities for Laying August 2021 Roads, storm water drains, common facilities etc
2.8 Infrastructure Proposed for the project 2.7.1 Water Requirement 2.7.1.1 Construction Phase The water requirement for the proposed project is 35 KLD including domestic requirements for 100 persons and dust suppression during the construction phase based on construction activity requirement.Thewater requirement during this phase will be met from the river Tunga and partly from ground water through borewell. The river Tunga is located around 9.7 km from the proposed Industrial Area. A Water tank of 225 cuses capacity is planned to
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 39
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
supply of water for domestic and drinking purposes.Water for construction purpose anddrinking water at construction sites willbeprovided by KIADB. Water requirement break up is given in Table 2-8. Table 2-8 Water requirement during construction phase
S.No Activities Water Requirement (KLD) 1 Domestic water 5 2 Water for construction purpose 20 3 Other uses (Water sprinkling, green 10 belt development etc) Total 35
2.7.1.2 Operational Phase The Total water requirement is estimated to be 2709 KLD and fresh water requirement is 1681.5 KLD. Fresh water requirement during the operation phase will be met from Tungabadhra River. 1027.5 KLD will be met from recycling of treated wastewater.
Sewage generation of 243 KLD and will be treated in common STP of 300 KLD and treated sewage of 243 KLD will be recycled for green belt development.
The trade effluent generation of 798 KLD will be treated in CETP of 1000 KLD and treated effluent of 784.5 KLD will be recycled for utilities and process. Water requirement breakup is given in Table 2-9 and water balance is given in Figure 2-8.
Table 2-9 Water Requirement Break-Up Details
Total Proposed Water requirement Water Break-up (KLD)ii (KLD) Fresh Treated
Domestic 270 270 0 Process 957 491.5 465.5 Utlities 319 0 319.0
Greenbelt 1163 920 243 Total 2709 1681.5 1027.5
Note:
1. Domestic Water Requirement is assumed @ 45 LPCD 2. Water requirement for industrial, amenities, utilities and commercial plots @4 KL/Acre 3. Water requirement for housing area @ 3 KL/Acre
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 40
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4. Water requirement for green belt @35 KL/Ha
Figure 2-8 Water Balance Chart
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 41
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2.7.2 Power and Fuel Requirement KIADB will supply power for both construction and operation phases through KTCPL. During operational phase sub – station of suitable load will be established to meet the total industrial load. Power lines will be laid by KIADB. Power back up facility is proposed for common facilities and individual industries will be arranging the power backup on their own. Power requirement with back up detail are given in Table 2-10.
Table 2-10 Power and Fuel Requirement
Details Capacity/Quantity Source
Power Requirement 23MVA KTCPL (KVA) 1x500 kVA Back-up 2x 250 kVA for DGs (KVA) common facilities Diesel Requirements 15 (for common Local Petrol Pumps (KL/Month) facilities) Note:
1. Power requirement for industrial, commercial and housing [email protected] MVA/Acre
2. Power requirement for amenities and utilities @0.05 MVA/Acre
3. Power requirement for Roads, parking and railway area @0.03 MVA/Acre
2.7.3 Manpower Requirement The manpower requirement includes both the technical and non-technical personnel. Local labours will be employed from the surrounding villages. During Operational phase, there will be both Direct and Indirect employment generation. Manpower requirement for construction and operation phases are given in Table 2- 11.
Table 2-11Manpower Requirement
Description Persons/day Construction phase 100 Operational phase 6200 Note: Man power for industrial plots and KSSIDC @ 15persons/ Acre=3682 nos. Manpower for commercial area @20 persons/acre = 24 Nos.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 42
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Manpower for housing area @30 persons/ Acre = 2400 Nos. Manpower for amenities and utilities @5 persons/Acre=62 Nos Rounding off ~6200 Nos.
2.7.4 Municipal Solid Waste Generation and Management 2.7.4.1 Construction Phase During construction phase approximately 0.45 kg/person/day i.e 45 kg/day of Municipal Solid Waste will be generated.This will be collected and segregated at site. Organic wastes will be composted at site and compost will be used as manure forgreen belt development during construction phase. Inorganic waste will be sold to recyclers.
2.7.4.2 Operational Phase During operational phase, 2790 Kg/day of Municipal Solid Waste will be generated. The wastes will be segregated by individual industries and organic wastes will be sent to common MSW processing area. This will be composted at site in an area earmarked for municipal waste processing. Compost will be used as manure for green belt development. Inorganic wastes will be sold to recyclers. Approximately 1.0 acre will be allotted for MSWprocessing in areaallotted for common Amenities. Table 2-12 gives the quanitity of waste generated with management measures proposed.
Table 2-12Municipal Solid Waste generation and management
Construction Phase Operation Phase Type Disposal method* (Kg/day) (Kg/day) Segregated by individual industries and sent to common MSW processing area. It will be Organic 27 1674 composted at site and compost will be used as manure for green belt development. Sold to KSPCB authorized Inorganic 18 1116 recyclers. Total 45 2790 * Expected only after complete occupation by industries in the industrial area and only then, complete facility will be developed.
Note: Manpower- 100 Nos for construction phase and 6200 nos for operation phase As per CPCB guidelines: MSW per capita/day =0.45
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 43
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2.7.5 E-Waste Management The individual industries ill be mandated to obtain separate authorization from KSPCB, for disposal of E-waste, if generated from their facility before commencement of production.
2.7.6 Hazardous waste generation and Management During construction phase hazardous waste generated would be the responsibility of civil contractor. Strict norms will be enforced to segregate the hazardous waste generated during construction phase and propoer disposal. During operation phase hazardous waste management would be the responsibility of individual industries. Prior to the commencement of production, individual industries wll be mandated to obtain authorization forstorage, handling and transport of hazardous waste, as per the Hazardous and other Wastes (Managementand Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. CETP sludge and salt generated from ATFD, will be stored in designated area within the Industrial Area and will be disposed to nearby TSDF.
2.8 Pollution control Measures Proposed 2.8.1 Air Pollution Control Measures Individual industries will have their Air Pollution Control equipment/Measures,as per CPCB/KSPCB guidelines like adequate stack heights for DG Sets and required air pollution control measures will be provided for the boilers for proper mixing of pollutants before they are dispersed to atmosphere.
Metallurgical industries will be mandated to provide Spark arrestor and bag filter system for furnaces.
KIADB will monitor the compliance by individual industries periodically.
2.8.2 Wastewater Treatment Domestic sewage generation is estimated to be 243 KLD, which will be treated in common STP of 300 KLD. Treated sewage of 243 KLD will be recycled for green belt development.
The effluent generation is estimated to be 798 KLD, which will be treated in CETP of 1000 KLD followed by RO, MEE and ATFD. Treated effluent of 784.5 KLD will be recycled for utilities and process.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 44
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2.8.3 Solid waste Management During construction phase approximately 0.45 kg/person/day i.e 45 kg/day of Municipal Solid Waste will be generated.This will be collected and composted at site. Compost will be used as manure for green belt development during construction stage itsef. Inorganic wastes will be handed over to authorized recyclers.
During operational phase, 2790 Kg/day of Municipal Solid Waste will be generated. Individual industry will be segregated the waste and organic wastes will be sent to Municipal solid waste processing area at site and will be composted. Compost will be used as manure for green belt development. Inorganic wastes will be sold to KSPCB authorized recyclers.
Individual industries will be mandated to obtain separate authorization from KSPCB, for the disposal of E-wastegenerated.
During operational phase hazardous waste management would be the responsibility of individual industries. Prior to the commencement of production, each unit will be mandated to obtain authorization for storage, handling and transport of hazardous waste, as per the Hazardous and other Wastes (Managementand Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016. The ETP sludge and salt generated from ATFD, will be stored in designated area within the Industrial Park and will be disposed to nearby TSDF.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 45
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER-3 DESCRIPTION OFENVIRONMENT
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 46
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3. Description of Environment
3.1 Preamble
This chapter depicts the establishment of baseline for valued environmental components, as identified in and around the proposed project Devakathikoppa Industrial area, with total area of 185.85 Ha (459.24 acres) in Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Taluk & District, Karnataka State. The primary baseline data monitoring covered one season (three(3)months) i.e.,from Jan 2020 to March 2020 and secondary data was collected from Government and Semi Government organization’s published data. The primary baseline data has been generated by Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai, a MoEF&CC approved and National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) accreditated environmental testing laboratory for the following terrestrial environmental components.
Meteorology: Temperature, Relative Humidity, Rainfall, Wind Speed & Direction- Refer Section - 3.6
Ambient Air Quality: Particulate matter <10 micron size (PM10),Particulate
matter <2.5 micron size (PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO2),Carbon Monoxide (CO), Lead (Pb),Ozone (O3),Benzene (C6H6), Benzo
(a) pyrene (C20H12), Arsenic (As), Nickel (Ni) and Ammonia (NH3)- Refer Section - 3.7 Ambient Noise Levels: Day equivalent noise levels, Night equivalent noise levels - Refer Section - 3.8 Inland Water Quality: Groundwater Quality, Surface Water Quality - Refer Section - 3.9 Soil Quality - Refer Section - 3.10 Ecology - Refer Section - 3.11 Social Economic Status - Refer Section - 3.12
3.2 Study Area
A 10 Km radial distance from the proposed project site boundary has been identified as the General study area for assessing the baseline environmental status. The core study area is the project area and its immediate surroundings to the tune of 1.0 Km radius from the boundary. Further the Project Impact/Influence Area (PIA) is 10Km from the boundary of the project site which covers parts of Shivamogga District, Karnataka State.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 47
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.3 Description of the Study Area
As Described in Chapter 1,Devakathikoppa Industrial Area with total area of 185.85 Ha (459.24 Acres) is proposed in Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura villages, Shivamogga Taluk & District, Karnataka State. An overall idea of the study area with reference to the physical conditions are presented for better understanding in the following sections before proceeding into the section on the prevailing environmental conditions of the study area.The map showing the satellite image study area is given in Error! Reference source not found.and Topo map of the study area is given in
Figure 3-2. .
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 48
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-1Map showing the Satellite Image of the study area of Project
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 49
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-2Topo Map of the study area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 50
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.4 Environmentally/Ecologically Sensitive areas
This section details with the environmentally sensitive areas present within the project site and surrounding environs. It included national parks, state forest, essential habitats etc.The environmental/ecologically sensitive areas covering an aerial distance of 15 km from project boundary are given in Table 3 -1.Google map showing the Environmental sensitive locations with in 15 km radious of the project site is given in Figure 3-3.
Table 3-1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas within 15km radius from Project Boundary
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary 1 Areas protected under international conventions, national Distance S. No Places Direction or local legislation for their (~Km) ecological, landscape, cultural or 1. Tyavarekoppa Lion and other related value Tiger Reserve (located 1.86 SSW in Shettihalli WLS) 2. Shettihalli WLS/ 1.81 Anesara RF SW
2 Areas which are important or sensitive for ecological reasons – Distance S. No Places Direction Wetlands, Watercourses or other (~Km) water bodies, coastal zone, 1. Inside Site biospheres, mountains, forests Siddalpur Minor Forest - 2. Devabalu RF Adjacent - 3. Kunchenhalli RF 3.14 NE 4. LB Irrigation Canal 4.51 S 5. Suttakote RF 7.02 NNE 6. Biranakere RF 5.98 NE 7. Kesavinakatte MF 8.53 NNW 8. Muddinakoppa RF 1.51 WSW 9. Shettihalli WLS/ Anesara RF 1.81 SW 10. Puradahal RF 4.63 SSW 11. RF 6.63 S 12. Tunga Anecut WBC 6.43 SSE 13. RF 8.63 SSE 14. Bare Halla 5.04 S 15. Tyavarekoppa Lion and Tiger 1.86 Reserve SSW 16. Hubbanahalli MF 8.07 WNW 17. MF 8.76 WNW 18. Chikka Danavandi MF 9.44 WNW 19. Mandaghatta MF 9.35 W 20. Tunga River 9.71 SSW
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 51
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary
21. Puradalu Dam 7.53 SSW 22. Basavapura MF 11.05 S 23. Sige Halla Canal 7.54 W 24. Kudi RF 9.24 WSW 25. Ragihosahalli MF 10.87 WNW 26. Suduku MF 12.81 WNW 27. Suduru RF 14.33 WNW 28. Kempinakatte MF 14.3 NW 29. Kumsi RF 10.58 NW 30. Suragondanakoppa MF 12.15 NW 31. Kudrekonda RF 14.09 N 32. Savalanga Canal 9.65 N 33. Haramgatta RF 10.42 NE 34. Sakrebailu RF 11.12 S 35. Gajanuru RF 12.44 S 36. Shankargudda RF 9.91 SW
3 Areas used by protected, important or sensitive species of Distance S. No Places Direction flora or fauna for breeding, (~Km) nesting, foraging, resting, over 1. Siddalpur Minor Forest Inside Site - wintering, migration 2. Devabalu RF Adjacent - 3. Kunchenhalli RF 3.14 NE 4. Suttakote RF 7.02 NNE 5. Biranakere RF 5.98 NE 6. Kesavinakatte MF 8.53 NNW 7. Muddinakoppa RF 1.51 WSW 8. Puradahal RF 4.63 SSW 9. RF 6.63 S 10. RF 8.63 SSE 11. Hubbanahalli MF 8.07 WNW 12. MF 8.76 WNW 13. Chikka Danavandi MF 9.44 WNW 14. Mandaghatta MF 9.35 W 15. Basavapura MF 11.05 S 16. Kudi RF 9.24 WSW 17. Ragihosahalli MF 10.87 WNW 18. Suduku MF 12.81 WNW 19. Suduru RF 14.33 WNW 20. Kempinakatte MF 14.3 NW 21. Kumsi RF 10.58 NW 22. Suragondanakoppa MF 12.15 NW 23. Kudrekonda RF 14.09 N 24. Haramgatta RF 10.42 NE 25. Sakrebailu RF 11.12 S
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 52
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary
26. Gajanuru RF 12.44 S 27. Shankargudda RF 9.91 SW 28. Tyavarekoppa Lion and 1.86 SSW Tiger Reserve 29. Shettihalli WLS/ 1.81 Anesara RF SW
4 Inland, coastal, marine or underground waters Distance S. No Places Direction (~Km) 1. LB Irrigation Canal 4.51 S 2. Bare Halla 5.04 S 3. Tunga Anecut WBC 6.43 SSE 4. Tunga River 9.71 SSW 5. Puradalu Dam 7.53 SSW 6. Sige Halla Canal 7.54 W 7. Savalanga Canal 9.65 N
5 State, National boundaries Nil within 15 km radius 6 Routes or facilities used by the SH57, ~6.26 km towards SE and NH 206,~1.81 km towards West public for access to recreation or other tourist, pilgrim areas 7 Defense installations Nilwithin 15 km radius
8 Densely populated or built-up area (Nearest Town,City, District) Population S. Distance Places Direction (Census No (~Km) 2011) 1 Devakathikoppa 0.71 S 450 2 Siddlipura 0.92 SW 486 3 Ambli Katte 2.10 NNE 4 4 Yerekoppa 2.61 NNW 481 5 Somagoppa 2.96 W 68 6 Bhairanakoppa 2.77 SSE 247
9 Areas occupied by sensitive man- Distance S. No Name Direction made land uses (hospitals, (~Km) schools, places of worship, community facilities) 1. Nagara Arokya Kendra 5.4 SE 2. Ayanur Hospital 7.61 WNW 3. KRAMKKI 6.78 SSE Govt. Ayurvedic Medical 4. College & Hospital 7.61 SSE McGANN Teaching Dist. 5. Hospital 7.82 SSE 6. ZAMKKTK 7.91 SSE 7. City Hospital 8.13 SSE 8. Nanjappa Hospital 8.07 SSE
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 53
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary
9. Govt. Sub Hospital 9.57 SSE 10. PHC 9.26 SSE 11. SIMS 8.53 SSE 12. Tunga Nagar PHC 8.7 SSE 13. PHC Aladahalli 10.36 ENE 14. PHC Harnahalli 6.87 NW 15. PHC 10.22 WNW 16. PHC Savalanga 11.04 N 17. Aurvedic PHC 12.75 NNE 18. SIGE - Sushodha Hospital 7.77 SSE 19. Sri Vinayaka Hospital 8.07 SSE 20. Metronited Healthcare 8.16 SSE 21. Sri Basaveshwar Hospital 8.39 SSE 22. Sahyadri Hospital 9.12 SSE Sahyadri Narayana MS 23. hospital 11.26 SSE 24. ESI Hospital 9.28 SSE 25. Ashoka Sanjeevini Hospital 9.34 SSE 26. Vaatsalya Hospital 8.54 SSE 27. Vivekananda Hospital 8.4 SSE 28. Sarji Hospital 8.19 SSE 29. Sparsha Hospital 8.12 SSE 30. Nagaraj Neuro Hospital 7.88 SSE Sri Raghavendra 31. Nursinghome 7.63 SSE 32. Parvathi Nursinghome 7.54 SSE 33. Swathi ENT Hospital 7.45 SSE 34. Hosuru Hospital 12.65 NW 35. GH Siringeri 8.93 WSW Schools and Colleges 36. GIPU College 13.07 WNW 37. Govt. School 5.79 SSE 38. Aurobindo Public School 7.54 SSE Vatsalya School for 39. Excellance 7.16 W 40. GHSS 11.5 WNW 41. Girideepam HS 2.39 S 42. Govt PU College 7.63 WNW 43. GHS 10.27 W 44. Govt. Urdu School 8.35 SSE 45. Govt. School 8.76 SSE 46. KR Puram Govt. School 9.27 SSE 47. GHS (EM) 8.29 SSE 48. Govt. High School 9.07 SSE
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 54
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary
49. Govt. PU College 9.37 SSE 50. Govt School 10.43 SSE Sarakari Hiriya Prathamika 51. Shale 12.4 SSE 52. P E S Public School 2.93 S St. Joseph's Aksharadhama 53. ICSE School 6.25 S 54. Shemrock Kinder School 8.05 SSE 55. National School 9.36 SSE 56. Sri Mahaveer Vidyalaya 9.84 SSE 57. Vasavi Public School 9.97 SSE 58. Podar Int. School 13.02 SSE 59. Kendriya Vidyalaya 13.12 SSE 60. Sahyadri Arts College 11.65 SSE 61. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan 11.38 SSE 62. Delhi Public School 11.55 SSE 63. SIM & DC 12.53 SSE 64. Little Millennium 8.77 SSE 65. Sarvodaya HPS 8.27 SSE 66. Saandeepani English HS 6.38 SSE 67. Govt. Agriculture College 5.76 SE 68. Govt Vetenery College 3.31 S 69. Malnad Int. School 4.96 S 70. Govt. Urdu HS 7.16 NNW 71. GPS Harnahalli 6.93 NNW 72. Govt. School Eadavala 6.3 N 73. Govt. PS 9.46 NNW 74. GPS Mallapur 10.33 N 75. Govt. Urdu Savalanga 10.62 N 76. GHS Savalanga 10.64 N 77. GPS Mollapur 10.71 N 78. GPS Sogilu 10.67 NNE 79. GHSS Abbalagere 5.91 ESE 80. GHPS Abbalagere 6.43 ESE 81. HS Sangameshwara 14.01 ENE 82. Jnanasagara Central School 7.12 ENE 83. GHS Kommanl 7.98 ENE Temples, Church & Mosque 84. Hanumaan Temple 5.43 E Shree Muruda 85. Basaveshwara Devasthana 6.56 ESE 86. Sri Gavisiddeshwara temple 4.51 SE 87. Venkateswara Temple 7.21 SSE 88. Lord Shiva Temple 6.7 SSE
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 55
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary
89. Sai Baba Mandir 7.05 SSE Sri Sri Adhishakthi 90. Chamundeswari Temple 7.52 SSE 91. Shiva Temple 9.2 SSE 92. Bhimeshwara Temple 9.86 SSE 93. Shree Masthambika Temple 9.72 SSE Bala Subramanya Swami 94. Temple 10.74 SSE 95. Alukolada Crista Devalaya 5.91 SSE 96. St. Joseph Church 6.53 SSE 97. Good Shepherd Church 7.39 S 98. St. Joseph's Forane Church 7.45 SSE 99. Infant Jesus Church 7.92 SSE 100. Full Gospel Church 8.13 SSE 101. CSI St. Thomas Church 9.41 SSE 102. SHC Church 9.33 SSE 103. Indian Apostolic Church 9.45 SSE 104. New Raza Masjid 7.03 SSE 105. Khadriya Masjid 8.82 SSE 106. Mohalla Mosque 9.09 SSE 107. Masjid - E-Llahi 10.56 SSE 108. HBSDS Masjid 11.55 SSE 109. Shia Mosque 9.12 SSe 110. Sunni Jamia 9.59 SSE 111. Quba Masjid 9.34 SSE 112. Furkhan masjid 9.48 SSE 113. Sunni Tippu Masjid 8.53 SSE 114. Sunni Jamiya Masjid 6.96 WNW 115. Siddeshwara Devastana 6.77 WNW 116. Sri Ganapathi Temple 7.03 WNW 117. Sri Anjaneya Swami Temple 6.9 WNW 118. Basaveshwara Temple 6.9 WNW Gubbi Anjaneya Swami 119. Temple 6.87 WNW 120. Veerabadreshwara Temple 6.77 NW 121. Mariyamman Temple 7.25 NW 122. SMSV Dargha 6.94 NW 123. Jamiya Masjid 7.11 NW 124. Jemeya Masjid 10.47 N 125. Sevalal Mandir 13.79 NNW 126. Mariamma Devi Temple 13.61 NNW 127. Sunni Masjid 13.67 N 128. Rangappa Temple 13.76 NNW 129. Malleswara Temple 13.73 N
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 56
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary
130. Patrekatte Shiva Temple 13.85 N 131. Syed Sain Peer Dargha 12.97 N 132. Sri Anjaneya Swami Temple 10.52 N 133. Sri Basaveshvara Temple 10.28 N 134. Sri Anjaneya Temple 11.36 N Mikkinda Maarikamba 135. Temple 10.93 N 136. Sevalal Mariamma Temple 10.38 NNE 137. Durgamma Temple 10.57 NNE 138. Anjaneya swami Temple 10.76 NNE 139. Sri Lingeshwara Temple 13.33 NNE Sri Jade Shankaralingeshwara 140. Swamy Temple 11.97 NNE Sri Maradi Ranganatha 141. Swamy Temple 12.23 NNE 142. Mathagamma Temple 12.45 NNE 143. Gangaparameswari Temple 12.49 NNE Sri Lakshmi Rangantha 144. Swami temple 12.5 NNE 145. Marikambe Temple 12.53 NNE 146. Mariamma Temple 6.37 NE Shri Shaneshwara Swamy 147. Temple 5.92 NE 148. Basaveswara Temple 6.75 ENE 149. Hindu Temple 7.95 ENE Sri Karibasaveshwara 150. Temple 8.96 ESE Sri Sevalal Mariyamma 151. Temple 9.21 ESE 152. Manju jangamar 9.17 ESE
10 Areas containing important, high Distance S. No Places Direction quality or scarce resources, (~Km) (groundwater resources, surface 1. LB Irrigation Canal 4.51 S resources, forestry, agriculture, 2. Bare Halla 5.04 S fisheries, tourism, minerals) 3. Tunga Anecut WBC 6.43 SSE 4. Tunga River 9.71 SSW 5. Puradalu Dam 7.53 SSW 6. Sige Halla Canal 7.54 W 7. Savalanga Canal 9.65 N 8. Shettihalli WLS/ 1.81 Anesara RF SW 9. Tyavarekoppa Lion and 1.86 Tiger Reserve SSW
11 Areas already subjected to Nil
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 57
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No. Areas Distance & Direction from project boundary pollution or environmental damage (those where existing legal environmental standards are exceeded) 12 Areas susceptible to natural Project site located at seismic zone-II (Low Damage Risk Zone) hazard which could cause the project to present environmental problems, (earthquakes, subsidence, landslides, erosion or extreme or adverse climatic conditions)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 58
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-3 Environmental sensitive areas covering within 15 km from Project Boundary
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 59
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5 Physical Conditions of PIA District
In this section, the physical conditions of PIA district are discussed in general and wherever possible references to the conditions prevailing in the study area in particular are also provided. The physical conditions are discussed as under: District profile Drainage, land use, geology, Physiography Natural resources Climatic conditions, seismic zone characteristics and natural hazard
3.5.1 PIA District Profile
Shivamogga district is the northern most part of the Karnataka state with geographical area of 847784 sq.km. It lies between 13°27’ and 14°14’39’ North latitude and 74°38’ to 75°45’ East longitude. The district is surrounded by Uttara-kannada & Dharwad districts in the North, Udupi & Chikmagalur districts in the South and Davanagere district in the east. Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
3.5.2 Climatic Conditions
The climate of this district is characterized by tropical climate throughout the the year and quite agreeable and moderate.The year may be divided into four seasons. The period from December to February constitute the winter season which is marked by a clear light weather. The mean daily maximum temperature lies at about 29.20C and the mean daily minimum temperature comes to about 14.90C. However on individual days severe cold weather prevails and the minimum temperature occasionally touches by 90C mark. After February there is a rapid increase in temperatures and the summer season which sets in during early March 2020 - May 2020 lasts till the end of May. Usually April is the hottest month. The mean daily maximum temperature reaches 35.80C and the mean daily minimum temperature reaches 22.20. As the south-west monsoon subsides by the end of September, the months of October and November are regarded as constituting the post monsoon season. Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 60
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.3 Natural Resources of PIA District
3.5.3.1 Flora & Fauna
District is noted for its rich andvaried flora. There is a rapid transition from ever green flora to scrub type as one move from west to the east.The evergreen forest is confined to a narrow belt in the west where most of the hills are clothed with heavy forest growth and the ravines and valley are covered with luxuriant trees known for their immense height and size.The moist deciduous forests are found in the extreme north of Soraba taluk. Variety Areca nut is an important cash crop and Shimoga is one of timber producing trees and sandalwood is found here. Shimoga is noted for Areca and coconut gardens as well. The district is quite rich in the fauna wealth also. Important wild animals found in the forests of the district are elephants, bisons, antelopes, sambars, tigers, panthers, leopards, barking deer, wild pigs, black monkeys, jungle cats, bears, red squirrels and porcupines. Important birds that are found here are tree pie, jungle crow, grey tit, yellow cheeked herons, storks and peacocks. There is a natural bird sanctuary near Mandagadde village of Tirthahalli taluk. Flora and fauna of study area is discussed in Section 3.11.
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
3.5.3.2 Forest Resources
Forests of the district cover more than 30 per cent of the total area and yield valuable products. About 80 per cent of these forests belong to the moist deciduous category. Evergreen forest and dry deciduous forest accounts for about 9 per cent and 7 per cent respectively.The timber yields from evergreen forest are used for the manufacture of electric poles and railway sleepers. The deciduous forest supply timber, firewood, charcoal, bamboo, soft wood and sandal wood all of which are of great economic value.
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
3.5.3.3 Irrigation
The districts is having very good irrigation facilities. The main sources of irrigation are government canals, tanks and private wells. Among the taluks, Bhadravati stands first as it has the largest share of the irrigated area. Anicuts
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 61
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
and reservoirs have been constructed in or at the borders of this district for the purpose of irrigation and generation of electricity. The important among these are the Tunga anicut and the Bhadra reservoir which provide irrigation facilities and the Sharavati project where electricity is generated. Apart from the above a passing mention may be made of the Anjanapura reservoir and Ambligola reservoir. The district has a large number of tanks and most of these are useful for irrigation.
Recently, in the year 2009, the first phase of the UpperTunga Project (UTP) has been completed after nearly 17 years of work. Initially, water has been released into the canal from the Gajanur reservoir in Shimoga district on an experimental basis up to 156 km. According to the experts, the project when completed will irrigate 80,494 hectares of farm land in Shimoga, Davanagere and Haveri districts. The first phase of the project will irrigate 22,000hectares of farmland. The project was aimed at utilising the Tunga waters stored in the Gajanur reservoir duringrainy season for cultivation of Kharif crops in the three districts. As much as 12.24 tmc ft of water would be available in the reservoir and it could be utilised for cultivation of crops.
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
3.5.3.4 Agricultural Resources
Paddy is the only major cereal crop grown in the district. Paddy is mainly a wet-crop which is grown under irrigation condition in the central and eastern taluks. Ragi, maize and jowar are the other principal cereal crops of the district. The major centres of areca nut production in the State. Sugarcane, cotton, tobacco are the other cash crops. The soil in the district is of lateritic type. This variety usually occurs in heavy rainfall zone. This variety usually occurs in heavy rainfall zone. This lateritic type of soil is suitable for paddy, areca nut, sugarcane and other plantation crops. The other oil seeds crops grown in the district aregroundnut, sesame and sunflower. A sizeable hectare ofland is put under plantation and horticultural crops.The chief crops grown are mango, cashew nut, bananaand coconut. Dry chillies, dry ginger, black pepper,cardamom and turmeric are the other condiments andspices crops.
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 62
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.3.5 Mineral Resources
The important minerals of the district are iron, manganese, chinaclay, kyanite, moulding sand, limestone and quartzite. The Chattanahalli deposit near Kumsi in Shimoga taluk constitutes one of the oldest centres of iron ore mining in the district. The soils of the districtare predominantly high base status mixed red, shallowblack brown and alluvial. The soil forming rock of Shimoga districts are laterite, schist, granites and gneisses. Asthey are varied, the soils are also different according tothe climate of the particular area.The mineral wealth of the district includes gold as well. Geology & Minerals map of Karnataka is given in Figure 3-4. Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 63
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-4 Mineral Map of Karnataka
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 64
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.4 Land Use & Land Cover
The district has 8465.01 Sq.Km of total geographical area out of which Forest, Deciduous 2024.6 Sq.Km and Forest Plantation 287.88 Sq.Km of the total area of district. Agriculture, Plantation 1317.82 Sq.Km, Agriculture, Fallow 12.09 Sq.Km & Agricultural crop land 2416 Sq.Km. Details of district land use/land cover statistics for Shivamogga District is given Table 3-2 and Land Use map of Shivamogga District is given in
Figure 3-5. Land Use pattern of Shivamogga District is given in Figure 3-6. Table 3-2 District land use/land cover statistics for Shivamogga District (2011-12) Area in Area in Total S.No Division of Land Use/Land Cover Area in Ha Sq.Km Acres Area % 1 Builtup, Urban 55.82 13793.40 5582 0.659 2 Builtup, Mining 9.8 2421.63 980 0.116
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 65
3 Agriculture, Plantation 1317.82 325639.91 131782 15.568 4 Forest, Evergreen/Semi evergreen 1097.17 271116.19 109717 12.961 5 Forest, Forest Plantation 287.88 71136.59 28788 3.401 6 Grass/Grazing 79.33 19602.84 7933 0.937 7 Barren/Unculturable/Wastelands, Scrub land 170.04 42017.73 17004 2.009 8 Wetlands/Water bodies, River/Stream/Canals 45.67 11285.29 4567 0.540 9 Builtup, Rural 340.08 84035.47 34008 4.017 10 Agriculture, Crop land 2416 597005.68 241600 28.541 11 Agriculture, Fallow 12.09 2987.50 1209 0.143 12 Forest, Deciduous 2024.6 500288.78 202460 23.917 13 Forest, Scrub Forest 81.03 20022.92 8103 0.957 14 Barren/unculturable/Wastelands, Salt affected land 0.21 51.89 21 0.002 15 Barren/unculturable/Wastelands, Barren rocky 1.75 432.43 175 0.021 16 Wetlands/Water bodies, Reservoir/Lakes/Ponds 525.72 129908.04 52572 6.211 Total 8465.01 2091746.30 846501 100
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 66
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 67
Figure 3-5 Land Use Map of Shivamogga District
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 68
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-6 Land Use/ land cover Pattern of PIA district
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 69
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.4.1 Land Use and Land Cover of the Study Area
The total project site area is 395.78 Sq.Km. The Land Use Pattern is given in Table 3-3, The Land Use Pattern and Land Use Map of the study area are given in
Figure 3-7and Figure 3-8respectively.
Table 3-3 Land use Pattern of the study area
Area S.No. Description Area (Sq.Km) Area (Acres) Area (%) (Hectares) 1. Cropland 170.53 42138.8 17053 43.09 2. Deciduous 75.59 18678.7 7559 19.10 3. Evergreen/ Semi-evergreen 37.55 9278.79 3755 9.49 4. Fallow land 2.71 669.655 271 0.68 5. Forest Plantation 15.19 3753.52 1519 3.84 6. Plantation 16.06 3968.51 1606 4.06 7. Reservoirs/ Lakes/ Ponds 10.74 2653.91 1074 2.71 8. River/ Stream/ Canals 0.16 39.5368 16 0.04 9. Rural 8.74 2159.7 874 2.21 10. Scrub Forest 15.82 3909.2 1582 4.00 11. Scrub land 11.38 2812.05 1138 2.88 12. Urban 27.53 6802.8 2753 6.96
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 70
13. Mining 3.78 934.057 378 0.96 Total 395.78 97799.2 39578 100
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 71
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
6.96% Cropland 0.96%
Deciduous 2.88% 2.21% 4.00% 0.04% Evergreen/ Semi-evergreen
2.71% Fallow land 43.09% 4.06% Forest Plantation
3.84% Plantation
Reservoirs/ Lakes/ Ponds 9.49%
River/ Stream/ Canals
Rural 0.68% 19.10%
Scrub Forest
Scrub land
Urban
Mining
Figure 3-7 Land use pattern of the Study Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 72
Figure 3-8 Land Use Map of the Study Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 73
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.5 Topography
A greater part of the district lies in the malnad region which is characterised by a mountainous terrain. This region covers western belt, the transition zone called the semimalnad area, covers the middle belt in the south east to North- west axis. The semi-malnad region is characterised by medium to heavy rainfall and an undulating or hilly terrain with moderate vegetation. The main features of the maidan region are that the rainfall is comparatively low and land scape consists of vast stretches of plain and vegetation is quite sparse. Obviously,Shivamogga district presents apicture of contrasting features in so far, as its topography and climate are concerned. The district slopes from west to east and the general elevation along the watershed is about 640 meters above the mean sea level in the west and 529 metres above the mean sea level in the east. Topo Sheet of the study area is given in
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 74
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-2. Physical map of Karnataka is given in
Figure 3-9 and Contour map of the Study area is given in Figure 3 -10. Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 75
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-9 Physical map of Karnataka State
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 76
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-10Contour map of Study Area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 77
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.6 Geomorphology of PIA District
The district forms part of Western-ghat areas (Sahayadrihill ranges), which can be demarcated into two zones viz; the densely forested high hilly Malnad in the west and sparsely forested table lands -semi-Malnad in the east. The western region consists of valleys and hill ranges sloping west to east with a maximum altitude of 640 and 529m AMSL. The Malnad region is characterized by mountains with heavy rainfall, covering Thirthahalli, Sagar, Soraba and Hosanagara taluks. The semi-malnad regions comprising Shimoga, Bhadravati and Shikaripur taluks lie in the eastern part having vast stretches of plain lands with low and rising hillocks with low vegetation. The famous ghats in the district are Agumbe ghat, Hullikal ghat and Kollur ghat, the peaks are Kodachadri- 1343m, Agastya-parvata-848m, Govardhanagiri-848m, Chandragutti-848m amsl in the central zone. The prominent hills in the eastern part of the area are Kovedurga-969m and Kabranagara-1031m amsl. Geomorphology Map of Shimoga district is given in Figure 3-11. Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/karnataka/SHIMOGA-BROCHURE.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 78
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-11 Geomorphology Map of Shimoga District
3.5.6.1 Geomorphology of Study Area
The total Geographical area of the study area is 395.78 Sq.Km. The Geomorphology of the study area is given Table 3-4 and Geomorphology
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 79
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
patternand Geomorphology Map of the study area is given in Figure 3-12 andFigure 3-13 respectively.
Table 3-4 Geomorphology of the study area
Area in Area in Total S.No. Geomorphology Area in Acre Sq.Km Hectare Area % Denudational Origin - Pediment - Pediplain 1 348.82 86195.17 34882.00 88.13 Complex Denudational origin - Low dissescted hills 2 8.31 2053.44 831.00 2.10 and Valleys Structural origin - Low dissescted hills and 3 23.97 5923.11 2397.00 6.06 Valleys Anthropogenic Origin - Anthropogenic 4 3.78 934.06 378.00 0.96 Terrain 5 Water bodies 10.90 2693.44 1090.00 2.75 Total 395.78 97799.22 39578.00 100.00
Figure 3-12Geomorphology Pattern of PIA District
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 80
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-13Geomorphology Map of Study area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 81
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.7 Hydrogeology of PIA District
Hydrogeologically, the District comprises of rock formations belonging to Archaean to lower Proterozoic and Recent age. Numerous quartz and pegmatite veins occur as intrusivein the older schistose rocks (Amphibolites) and granitic-gneiss rocks. The Laterites occur over the schists and granitic-gneises with an approximate thickness of few centimeters to 40.00 m, which cover the major part in Soraba taluk and isolated patchesin Thirthahalli and Hosanagara Taluks. The alluvium occurs along the river banks. Main aquifers in the study area are the weaker weathered and fractured zones of gneissic- granites and schists. It covers an estimated area of 672343.50 Ha of thedistrict. The gneissic-granitic complex does not posses the primary porosity. Secondary structures like joints, fissures and faults present in these formations act as aporous media. The ground water occurs under atmospheric influence in the phreaticzone, which generally occurs within the depth range of 13.00 to 30.00mbgl. The sustained yield of dugwells ranges from negligible to 30 m3/day. The fracture zones that occur at various depth zones within the depth of 185.00mbgl are expected to be saturated with ground water. It is found that the water bearing characteristics of schists are more or less similar to that of gneisses and granites. But the weathered zones of schists may not yield as granites, because of their compact and fine- grainednature.
Laterite overlying the schists and gneissic-granites in moderate thickness acts as an aquifer locally. Alluvium occurring along the river banks with a thickness of few cm to 3.00 meters, holds the bank storage. Ground water in these aquifer materials generally occurs under unconfined to semi-confined conditions. The ground water is being exploited from within the depth range of 13.00 to 30.00mbgl through dug wells and 30.00 to 200.00mbgl through dug-cum-bore wells and bore wells. The Hydrogeology map of Shivamogga district is given in Figure 3-14. Source:http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/karnataka/SHIMOGA-BROCHURE.pdf.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 82
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-14Hydrogeology Map of Shivamogga district
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 83
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.8 Drainage Pattern in PIA District
The district is covered under fifteen watersheds with the major rivers Tunga , Bhadraand Tunga-Bhadra draining the SSE part, ,Varada and Kumudavati with their tributaries drains the Northern part under major Krishna basin. The river Sharavathi originates near Kavaldurg in Thirthahalli taluk and forms cascades and fall into a deep gorge which is popularly called ‘Jog falls / Gerusoppa falls’ in the west flowing irver basin in four distinct flows of water which are termed as Raja, Rani, Rover and Rocket,. This is 11thhighest waterfall in India with a total height of 253 mts. Andranks 313 in the list of highest waterfalls in the world.
The above river systems form a dendritic to sub-dendritic pattern with a drainage density of 0.3 to 4 km/km2. The low drainage density and the ground slope indicate the flat terrain in Varada and Tunga sub-basins with a minimum surface runoff andmoderate to good rate of water infiltration. In the rest of the area infiltration is low due to steep land, denser drainage pattern and maximum runoff. Drainage map of the study area is given in Figure 3-15. Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/karnataka/SHIMOGA-BROCHURE.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 84
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-15Drainage map of the study area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 85
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.9 Geology in PIA District
Geological of the most ancient rock formation of the Achaean complex. These are mainly composed of the Dharwar Schist and the Gneissic system.Dharwar system covers nearly two-thirds of the district and in this the Shimoga bands forms the prominent belt.The district is fairly rich in mineral wealth and the economic minerals found here are iron ore, manganeseore, limestone, chromites, quartz and clay.
The soils of the districtare predominantly high base status mixed red, shallow black brown and alluvial. The soil forming rock of Shimoga districts are laterite, schist, granites and gneisses. Asthey are varied, the soils are also different according to the climate of the particular area.Geological Map of Karnataka is given Figure 3-16. Source:https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA. pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 86
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-16 Geological Map of Karnataka
3.5.10 Seismicity
As per Vulnerability Atlas of India- 3rd Edition, the project location/study area falls in Zone II, which is categorized as a Low Damage Risk Zone. The seismicity map of India is shown inFigure 3-17.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 87
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-17 Seismicity Map of India
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 88
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.5.11 Soils in PIA District
The soils that occur in the study area are reddish to brownish clayey loam to lateritic.These cover major parts of the area. Thin strips of yellowish loamy soil are seen along the banks of major river and nallah courses. In general these soils are acidic in nature.The thickness varies from few cms to 3.50m.The rate of water infiltration through these soils is recorded as 4.3 to 40.11cm/hr. The sandy soil is also identified in the areas where the Archaean gneissic complex occurs. It is coarse grained highly porous and permeable in nature. The thickness of this soil varies from few cms to 5.00 m.The rate of water infiltration in this soil is remarkably higher than the clayey loam. Red soil as noticed at the contacts of granites and schistose rocks, is medium grained, highly permeable and having neutral pH value. The thickness of the soil varies from less than one metre (<1m) to 9.00 m and is having an average rate of water infiltration capacity about 2.4 cm/hr. The mixed soil occurs in the areas where the schistose rockis predominant. It is of medium to fine-grained and permeable with higher moisture content. The thickness of this type of soil ranges from 0.5 m to 29 m and is having thewater infiltration capacity of about 0.60 cm/hour. Soil map of India is given in Figure 3-18. Source: http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/karnataka/SHIMOGA-BROCHURE.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 89
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-18 Soil Map of India 3.5.12 Natural Hazards in PIA District
Shivamogga district recorded 1679 mm rainfall during 2017. Rainfall was normal during Pre-Monsoon, North-East Monsoon and excess during South-West monsoon. Wind Hazard Map of India is given in Figure 3-19. Source: Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Cell Bellary District Annual report 2017
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 90
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-19 Wind hazard Map of India
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 91
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.6 Meteorology Baseline Ambient Air Quality assessment gives the status in the vicinity of site and is an indispensable part of environmental impact assessment studies. Significant changes, in predominant winds and weather conditions are observed in winter, summer and post-monsoon seasons apart from the local topographic influences. The baseline status of air environment in the study area is assessed through a systematic air quality surveillance programme.
3.6.1 Meteorological Conditions
The regional air quality is influenced by the meteorology of that region. The principal weather parameters that influence the concentration of the air pollutants in the surroundings are wind speed, wind direction and temperature. The meteorological data is useful for proper interpretation of the baseline data. It is used as input for air quality dispersion models for predicting the post project environmental scenario i.e. ground level concentrations due to proposed utilities like DG sets, boilers, furnaces etc.
3.6.2 Meteorological Data Collection
Available secondary data pertaining to the meteorological parameters was obtained from the IMD Climatological tables. In addition, baseline meteorological data (primary data) was generated during the study period (Jan 2020 to Mar 2020) by M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd. The methodology adopted for monitoring surface observations is as per the standard norms laid down by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) i.e. IS:8829 and Indian Meteorological Department (IMD).
3.6.3 General Meteorological Scenario based on IMD Data
The nearest Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) station located to project site is Shivamogga. The Climatological data of Shimoga (13 56’ N and 75 38’E), published by the IMD, based on daily observations at 08:30 and 17:30 hour IST for a 30-year period (1971-2000), is presented in the following sections on the meteorological conditions of the region. The monthly variations of the relevant meteorological parameters are reproduced in Table 3-5.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 92
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3 -5 Climatological Summary – Shimoga Region Station IMD-(1971-2000) Relative Vapour Pressure Temp (°C) Rainfall Humidity hPa Month (%) Daily Daily Total No. of 08:30 17:30 08:30 17:30 Max. Min. (mm) days Jan 31.0 14.5 0.4 0.1 77 40 16.4 16.6 Feb 33.2 16.6 0.0 0.1 78 35 18.3 16.5 Mar 35.6 19.4 3.3 0.3 78 29 21.8 15.4 Apr 36.2 21.6 45.5 3.2 78 41 24.5 20.5 May 34.6 22.1 67.8 4.1 78 53 25.2 23.9 Jun 29.4 21.4 114.8 9.9 84 74 25.2 25.7 Jul 27.6 20.8 198.7 13.9 88 79 24.8 25.2 Aug 27.5 20.5 139.6 14.0 88 79 24.6 25.0 Sep 29.2 20.3 104.2 7.0 86 73 24.5 25.3 Oct 30.1 20.1 146.8 6.9 86 69 24.2 24.4 Nov 29.7 17.9 44.4 3.0 80 59 20.8 21.9 Dec 29.6 15.5 11.6 0.8 76 48 17.4 17.9 Max. 36.2 22.1 198.7 14 88 79 25.2 25.7 Min. 27.5 14.5 0 0.1 76 29 16.4 15.4 Annual 31.1 19.3 887.1 63.3 81 57 22.3 21.7 Avg/Total. As per the above IMD Climatological Table 3 -5 the observations drawn are the following.
Daily maximum temperature is 36.2oC and the daily minimum temperature is 14.5oC were recorded in the months of April and January respectively. Maximum and minimum relative humidity of 88% and 29% were recorded the months of July & August and March 2020 - May 2020 respectively. Maximum and minimum rainfall of 198.7 mm and 0 mm was recorded in the months of July and February respectively. 3.6.4 Meteorological Scenario during Study Period
The meteorological scenario in and around the project site is an essential requirement during study period for proper interpretation of baseline air quality status. Meteorological data was collected during the study period (Jan 2020 to March 2020) and is is presented in
Table 3-6. The wind rose for the study period is given as
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 93
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-20.
Table 3-6 Meteorological Data for the studyPeriod (Jan 2020 to March 2020)
S. No Parameter Observation 1. Temperature Minimum Temperature: 210C Maximum Temperature: 360C Avg Temperature: 27.920C 2. Average Relative Humidity 68.29% 3. Average Wind Speed 2.59 m/s 4. Predominant Wind Direction during West monitoring period
Figure 3-20Wind Rose During studyPeriod (Jan 2020 to March 2020)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 94
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.6.5 Atmospheric Inversion
Atmospheric inversion level at the project site was monitored; the results observed at the site during the study period (Jan 2020 to March 2020) are as follows
• Average atmospheric temperature: 27.92 °C • Average Relative humidity: 68.29 % • Average Wind speed: 2.59 m/s The daily inversion level calculated based on the average temperature and average wind speed at the project site and the maximum inversion height is derived by the graph plotted based on the average temperature and average wind speed. The daily inversion level at the project site varies from 50 to 1750m during 6 AM to 6 PM, the maximum recorded at 5 PM, March 2020.This is shown in the following Figure 3 -21.
Figure 3-21Atmospheric inversion level at the project site
3.7 Ambient Air Quality The selection criteria for monitoring locations are based on the following: Topography/Terrain Meteorological conditions – Upwind and Downwind locations Residential and sensitive areas within the study area Representatives of regional background air quality/pollution levels and Representation of likely impacted areas
3.7.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
To evaluate the baseline Ambient Air Quality of the study area, Eight (08) monitoring locations have been identified based on Meteorological parameters, Major human settlements, Topography of the study area, representatives of regional background air quality for obtaining baseline status for the study period of
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 95
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Jan 2020 to March 2020.Map showing the AAQ monitoring locations is given in Figure 3-22 and the details of the locations are given inTable 3-7.
Table 3-7Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Distance (~km) Station Type of Azimuth Location from Project Code Wind Directions boundary AAQ1 Project Site - AAQ2 Devakotthi koppa d/w 0.02 E AAQ3 Kallugangur d/w 3.74 E AAQ4 Somagoppa u/w 3.72 W AAQ5 Konagavalli c/w 3.34 N AAQ6 Mojappana Hasuru c/w 3.71 SSE AAQ7 Bommanakatte c/w 5.74 SSE AAQ8 Tyavarekoppa c/w 1.52 SE
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 96
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-22Map showing the Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 97
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.7.2 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Techniques and Frequency
Ambient Air Quality was monitored twice in a week for One (01) season (shall cover 12 weeks), i.e. 3 months (Jan 2020 to Mar 2020) by M/s.Hubert Enviro Care
Systems (P) Ltd for 12 parameters as per NAAQS i.e., PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO,
O3, Pb, NH3, C6H6, C20H12, As and Ni were monitored. Sampling was carried out as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitoring guidelines at each location. Analytical methods used for analysis of parameters are given in Table 3-8.
Table 3-8 Analytical Methods for Analysis of Ambient Air Quality Parameters Sampling S.No Parameters Analytical method NAAQ standards: 2009 Time Sulphur Dioxide IS:5182(Part-2):2001 1 50 (Annual) 80(24 Hours) 24 Hours 3 (SO2), μg/m (Reaff:2006) Nitrogen Dioxide 2 IS: 5182 (Part - 6): 2006 40 (Annual) 80 (24 Hours) 24 Hours 3 (NO2), μg/m Particulate Matter 3 IS: 5182 (Part - 23): 2006 40 (Annual) 60 (24 hours) 24 Hours 3 (PM2.5), μg/m Particulate Matter 100 (24 4 IS:5182 (Part– 23): 2006 60 (Annual) 24 Hours 3 (PM10), μg/m hours) IS:5182(Part–10):1999 5 CO mg/m3 2 (8 hours) 4 (1hour) 8 Hours (Reaff:2006) IS:5182(Part–22):2004 6 Pb μg/m3 0.5(Annual) 1(24 hours) 24 Hours (Reaff:2006) 3 7 O3, μg/m IS: 5182 (Part – 9): 1974 100(8hours) 180 (1hour) 8 Hours APHA(air) 2nd edition 3 8 NH3, μg/m 100(Annual) 400(24 hours) 8 Hours (Indophenol-blue method) IS:5182(Part–11):1999 9 Benzene, μg/m3 5 (Annual) 5 (Annual) 24 Hours (RA:2009) Benzo (a) pyrene, IS:5182(Part–12):2004 10 1 (Annual) 1 (Annual) 24 Hours ng/m3 (RA:2009) 11 Arsenic, ng/ m3 APHA (air) 2nd edition 6 (Annual) 6 (Annual) 24 Hours In house method (AAS 12 Nickel ng/ m3 method) based on CPCB 20(Annual) 20(Annual) 24 Hours guidelines volume 1
3.7.3 Results and Discussions
The variations of the pollutants PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, Pb, O3, NH3, C6H6, C20
H12, As and Ni are compared with National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 98
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
(NAAQS), MoEF&CC Notification, November, 2009. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Data for 3 months (Jan 2020 to Mar 2020) for the study area is given in
and trends of measured ambient concentration in the study area were graphically represented in
Figure 3-23.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 99
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-9Summary of the average baseline concentrations of pollutants (Jan 2020 to March 2020) Locations
Project Devakathik Mojappana Bommanak Tyavarekop NAAQ Kallugangur Somagoppa Konagavalli Parameters site oppa Hasuru atte pa Conc. Standards AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
Min. 35.69 38.65 41.11 37.26 34.12 36.66 42.81 40.21 100 PM10 Conc. (µg/m³) Max 50.86 55.09 58.58 53.10 48.62 52.25 61.01 57.31 (24 Avg. 42.80 46.35 49.30 44.68 40.92 43.97 51.34 48.23 Hours) 98th ‘tile 50.57 54.77 58.24 52.79 48.34 51.95 60.66 56.98 Min. 18.69 20.17 21.40 19.50 17.71 18.84 22.02 20.78 3 PM2.5 Conc. (µg/m ) 60 Max 26.63 28.75 30.50 27.79 25.24 26.85 31.38 29.62 (24 Avg. 22.41 24.20 25.67 23.38 21.24 22.59 26.41 24.93 Hours) 98th ‘tile 26.48 28.58 30.32 27.63 25.09 26.69 31.20 29.45 Min. 5.61 6.09 8.03 5.85 6.59 6.89 9.14 7.34 80 3 SO2 Conc. (µg/m ) Max 8.00 8.68 11.45 8.34 9.39 9.82 13.03 10.46 (24 Avg. 6.73 7.30 9.64 7.02 7.91 8.27 10.97 8.81 Hours) 98th ‘tile 7.95 8.62 11.38 8.29 9.33 9.76 12.95 10.40 Min. 12.10 13.04 16.93 12.54 13.96 14.52 18.63 15.46 3 NO2 Conc.(µg/m ) 80 Max 17.24 18.59 24.13 17.87 19.90 20.69 26.55 22.04 (24 Avg. 14.51 15.65 20.31 15.04 16.75 17.42 22.34 18.55 Hours) 98th ‘tile 17.14 18.48 23.99 17.77 19.78 20.57 26.39 21.91 1 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ Pb (μg/m3) Avg. (24 hour) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 4 BDL(DL BDL(DL BDL(DL BDL(DL BDL(DL BDL(DL BDL(DL BDL(DL CO (mg/m3) Avg. (1hour) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 100
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Locations
Project Devakathik Mojappana Bommanak Tyavarekop NAAQ Kallugangur Somagoppa Konagavalli Parameters site oppa Hasuru atte pa Conc. Standards AAQ1 AAQ2 AAQ3 AAQ4 AAQ5 AAQ6 AAQ7 AAQ8
180 O3 (μg/m3) Avg. 10.76 11.19 11.76 11.45 10.51 11.92 12.27 10.97 (1hour) 400 NH3 (μg/m3) Avg. 5.94 6.27 7.24 6.69 7.06 6.42 7.83 6.38 (24 hours) 5 BLQ(LOQ Benzene (μg/m3) Avg. BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) (Annual) 1) Benzo (a) pyrene, 1 BLQ(LOQ Avg. BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) (ng/m3) (Annual) 1) 6 BLQ(LOQ Arsenic (ng/ m3) Avg. BLQ(LOQ 2) BLQ(LOQ 2) BLQ(LOQ 2) BLQ(LOQ 2) BLQ(LOQ 2) BLQ(LOQ 2) BLQ(LOQ 2) (Annual) 2) 20 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ Nickel (ng/m3) Avg. (Annual) 10) 10) 10) 10) 10) 10) 10) 10) Note: BDL (Below detectable limit), DL (Detectable limit), BLQ (Below Detectable Limit), LOQ (Limit Of Quantification
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 101
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-23Trends of Measured Ambient Air Quality Concentrations in the Study Area(Jan 2020 to March 2020)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 102
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.7.4 Observations The Ambient Air Quality has been monitored at 8 locations for 12 parameters as per CPCB guidelines within the study area. The average baseline levels for Study period (March 2020 - May 2020) were
PM10 ranged from 40.92 to 51.34µg/m³
PM2.5 ranged from 21.24 to 26.41 µg/m³
SO2 ranged from 6.73 to 10.97 µg/m³
NOxranged from 14.51 to 22.34 µg/m³
O3 ranged from 10.51 to 12.27 µg/m³ NH3 ranged from 5.94 to 7.83 µg/m³ All the parameters are well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Industrial, Commercial and Residential areas at all monitoring locations during the study period of Jan 2020 to March 2020.
3.8 Noise Environment The prevailing ambient noise level at a particular location is nothing, but the resultant (total) of all kinds of noise sources existing at various distances around that location. The ambient noise level at a location varies continuously depending on the type of surrounding activities. Ambient noise levels have been established by monitoring noise levels at Eight (08) locations in and around 10Km distance from project area during the study period using precision noise level meter. The noise monitoring locations in the study area were selected after giving due consideration to the various land use categories. The land use categories include commercial, residential, rural and sensitive areas. Noise levels were recorded on an hourly basis for one complete day at each location using pre- calibrated noise levels. A Map noise showing the noise monitoring locations is given in
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 103
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-24.
3.8.1 Results and Discussions
Based on the recorded hourly noise levels at each monitoring location, the day equivalent (Ld) and night equivalent (Ln) were calculated;
Ld: Average noise levels between 6:00 hours to 22.00 hours.
Ln: Average noise levels between 22:00 hours to 6.00 hours. The comparison of day equivalent noise levels (Ld) and night equivalent noise levels (Ln) with the respective CPCB stipulated noise standards for various land use categories are shown in the
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 104
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 105
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-10Day and Night Equivalent Noise Levels (Jan 2020 to March 2020)
Noise level in dB(A) CPCB Standard S. Location Distance (~km) from Azimuth Leq Location EnvironmentalSetting No Code Project boundary Direction LNight Day Night Lday (Ld) (Ln) 1 Project Site N1 - - 51.2 40.7 75 70 Industrial 2 Kallugangur N2 3.74 E 53.8 42.5 55 45 Residential 3 Hunanodu N3 5.51 E 53.2 42.1 55 45 Residential 4 Somagoppa N4 3.72 SE 52.4 41.8 55 45 Residential 5 Pugate Koppa N5 3.92 W 52.7 42.3 55 45 Residential 6 Bhairanakoppa N6 2.51 SE 54.7 44.2 55 45 Residential 7 Yerekoppa N7 2.62 N 54.2 43.6 55 45 Residential 8 Konagavalli N8 3.34 N 52.9 42.7 55 45 Residential
3.8.2 Observations
The observations of day equivalent and night equivalent noise levels at all locations for the study period March 2020 - May 2020are given below. In Industrial area day time noise level was 51.2 dB(A) and 40.7 dB(A) during night time, which is within prescribed limit by CPCB (75 dB(A) Day time & 70 dB(A) Night time). In residential areas day time noise levels varied from 52.4 dB(A) to 54.7 dB(A) and night time noise levels varied from 41.8 dB(A) to 44.2 dB(A) across the sampling stations. The field observations during the study period indicate that in all locations the ambient noise levels is within the prescribed limit by CPCB (55 dB(A) Day time & 45 dB(A) Night time).
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 106
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-24Map showing the noise monitoring locations
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 107
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.9 Water Environment 3.9.1 Surface Water Resources The district is covered under fifteen watersheds with the major rivers Tunga , Bhadraand Tunga-Bhadra draining the SSE part, ,Varada and Kumudavati with their tributaries drains the Northern part under major Krishna basin. The river Sharavathioriginates near Kavaldurg in Thirthahalli taluk and forms cascades and fall into a deep gorge which is popularly called ‘Jog falls / Gerusoppa falls’ in the west flowing river basin in four distinct flows of water which are termed as Raja, Rani, Rover and Rocket,. This is 11th highest waterfall in India with a total height of 253 mts and ranks 313 in the list of highest waterfalls in the world.
The above river systems form a dendritic to sub-dendritic pattern with a drainage density of 0.3 to 4 km/km2. The low drainage density and the ground slope indicate the flat terrain in Varada and Tunga sub-basins with a minimum surface runoff and moderate to good rate of water infiltration. Source: Census 2011 (Shivamogga)
3.9.1.1 Surface Water Quality Assessment To establish the baseline status of water environment, the representative sampling locations locations for surface water within a radial distance of 10Km from project site have been been selected as per CPCB guidelines of Water Quality Monitoring through an adequate adequate survey of the project area. Test methods used for the analysis of water quality quality parameters is givenin
Table 3-11.
Table 3-11Test methods used for the analysis of water quality parameters
S. No Parameter Measured Test Method 1. Colour IS:3025 (Part- 4) 1983 (Reaff 2006) 2. Turbidity IS 3025(Part - 10):1984 3. pH IS:3025 (Part - 11): 1983 (Reaff: 2006) 4. Conductivity IS:3025 (Part - 14): 1983 (Reaff: 2006) 5. Total Dissolve Solids IS:3025:1(Part - 16) 1984 (Reaff 2006) 6. Total Suspended Solids IS 3025 (Part - 17) 1984 (Reaff 1996) 7. Alkalinity as CaCO3 IS:3025,1 (Part - 23) 1986 (Reaff 2009) 8. Total Hardness as CaCo3 IS:3025 (Part - 21) 1983 (Reaff 2006) 9. Sodium IS:3025,5(Part - 45) 1993 (Reaff 2006)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 109
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
10. Potassium IS:3025,5(Part - 45) 1993 (Reaff 2006) 11. Calcium as Ca IS 3025 (Part - 40):1991 12. Magnesium as Mg IS 3025 (Part - 46) 1994 13. Chloride IS 3025 (Part - 32):1988
14. Sulphate SO4 IS 3025(Part - 24):1986 15. Nitrate as NO3 ASTM(Part - 31)1978 16. Phosphate IS 3025 (Pt 45) 1993 (R 2006)
17. Fluorides as F IS 3025 (Part - 60):2008 18. % Sodium IS 3025 (Pt 45) 1993 (R 2006) 19. Cyanide IS 3025 (Part-27):1986
20. Arsenic IS 3025:(Part-37):1988(Reaff 2009) 21. Boron IS:3025 (Part - 57):2003 22. Cadmium IS 3025 (Part - 41)1991
23. Chromium, Total IS:3025 (Part - 52) 2003 (Reaff 2009) 24. Copper IS:3025 (Part - 42)1992 (Reaff: 2009) 25. Iron IS 3025 (Part - 53):2003 26. Lead IS:3025 (Part - 47) 1994 (Reaff 2009) 27. Manganese IS 3025:(Part - 59):2006 28. Mercury IS 3025 (Part48):1994 RA 1999 29. Nickel IS 3025:(Part-54):2003(Reaff 2009) 30. Selenium IS 3025 Part (56)2003 31. Zinc IS:3025 (Part - 49) 1994 (Reaff 2009) 32. Dissolved Oxygen IS:3025 (Part - 38)1989 (Reaff 2009) 33. BOD 5210B APHA22nd Edn 2012 The 34. COD IS:3025 (Part-58)-2006 prevailing status of surface water quality has been assessed during the study period. Sampling locations for surface water is given in Table 3-12 and map showing the surface water monitoring locations is givenFigure 3-25. Surface water quality results are provided inError! Reference source not found..
Table 3-12 Surface water sampling locations
S. Water bodies Location Distance from project Direction from project No code boundary (~Km) boundary
1 Bommanakatte SW1 5.80 SE 2 Lake (Near Tyajavalli SW2 3.07 NE Vil) 3 Purdal Dam SW3 7.52 SSW
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 110
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-25Map showing the surface water monitoring locations
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 111
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-13Surface water Monitoring Results the study period (Jan 2020 - March2020) S. No Parameter Unit Surface water Lake (Near Bommanakatte Purdal Dam standards (IS Tyajavalli Vil) 2296 Class-A) SW 1 SW 2 SW 3 1 Turbidity NTU 1 5.6 3.1 1.8 2 pH (at 25°C) -- 6.5-8.5 7.49 7.72 7.16 3 Electrical Conductivity µS/cm - 763 987 581 4 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 491 662 368 5 Total Suspended Solids mg/l - 16.4 9.7 5.6
6 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l - 150.0 213.9 109.8
7 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 300 226.0 298.9 151.0 8 Sodium as Na mg/l - 51.3 69.5 42.6 9 Potassium as K mg/l - 8.5 7.5 4 10 Calcium as Ca mg/l - 52.7 61.8 29.6 11 Magnesium as Mg mg/l - 22.9 35.1 18.7 12 Chloride as Cl mg/l 250 106.4 143.6 89.2
13 Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 400 49.3 63.5 37.5
14 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 20 4.7 3.8 2.7 16 Fluorides as F mg/l 1.5 0.46 0.41 0.38 17 Cyanide mg/l 0.05 BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 18 Arsenic mg/l 0.05 BLQ (LOQ 0.005) BLQ (LOQ 0.005) BLQ (LOQ 0.005) 19 Boron as B mg/l - BLQ(LOQ 0.1) BLQ(LOQ 0.1) BLQ(LOQ 0.1) 20 Cadmium as Cd mg/l 0.01 BLQ(LOQ 0.001) BLQ(LOQ 0.001) BLQ(LOQ 0.001) 21 Chromium, Total mg/l 0.05 BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 22 Copper as Cu mg/l 1.5 BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 23 Lead as Pb mg/l 0.1 BLQ(LOQ 0.005) BLQ(LOQ 0.005) BLQ(LOQ 0.005)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 113
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. No Parameter Unit Surface water Lake (Near Bommanakatte Purdal Dam standards (IS Tyajavalli Vil) 2296 Class-A) SW 1 SW 2 SW 3 24 Manganese as Mn mg/l 0.5 BLQ(LOQ 0.05) BLQ(LOQ 0.05) BLQ(LOQ 0.05) 25 Mercury mg/l 0.001 BLQ(LOQ 0.0005) BLQ(LOQ 0.0005) BLQ(LOQ 0.0005) 26 Nickel as Ni mg/l - BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 27 Selenium as Se mg/l 0.01 BLQ(LOQ 0.005) BLQ(LOQ 0.005) BLQ(LOQ 0.005) 29 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 6 5.7 5.9 6.1
30 Chemical Oxygen Demand as O2 mg/l - 21.5 14.2 6.8
31 BOD, 3 days @ 27°C as O2 mg/l 2 8.5 6.2 2.7 (Note: BLQ – Below Limit of Quantification; LOQ – Limit Of Quantification)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 114
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.9.1.2 Results and Discussions Surface water sample results for Jan 2020 to March 2020are discussed below: pH in the collected surface water samples varies between 7.16 to 7.72 where all the samples are within the limit of IS 2296:1992 The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) value of collected surface water sample ranges from 368 mg/l to 662 mg/l. The Total hardness value of the collected surface water sample ranges between 151 mg/l to 298.9 mg/l. BOD value of the collected surface water sample ranges from 2.7 mg/l to 8.5 mg/l. COD value of collected surface water varies from 6.8 to 21.5 mg/l. The concentration of heavy metals like As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni and Se are within the limits of IS 2296:1992.
3.9.2 Groundwater resources The study of aquifer geometry and parameters have been attempted by CentralGround Water Board, South Western Region, Bangalore, under its ground water exploration programme through drilling exploratory borewells at sites which were selected scientifically. Totally 49 wells were drilled in the district under this programme in the depth range of 71 to 200m.Casing depth ranges from 6-53m and dstaic water level rnaged from 4.9-18.73m. Discharge of these wells ranged from negligible to 18.9 lps.. The aquifer zones are weathered/ fractured and jointed gneissic granites, schist, metabasalts and greywacke material and occurs at various depths between 15 to 185 mbgl.
The alluvium occurs along the riverbanks. Main aquifers in the study area are the weaker weathered and fractured zones of gneissic- granites and schists. It covers an estimated area of 672343.50 Ha of the district. The gneissic-granitic complex does not posses the primary porosity. Secondary structures like joints, fissures and faults present in these formations act as aporous media. The ground water occurs under atmospheric influence in the phreaticzone, which generally occurs within the depth range of 13.00 to 30.00m bgl. The sustained yield of dugwells ranges from negligible to 30 m3/day. The fracture zones that occur at various depth zones within the depth of 185.00m bgl are expected to be saturated with ground water. It is found that the water bearing characteristics of schists are more or less similar to that of gneisses and granites.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 115
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
The ground water resources of Shivamogga district are as given in Table 3-14. Status of ground water utilization Shivamogga District is given in Figure 3-26.As per the ground water utilization, the project site falls under safe zone.
Table 3-14Ground water potential in PIA District (Shivamogga)
Attribute Potential /Quantity Net Annual Ground water availability 92617 ham Existing gross Ground Water draft for all use 25632 ham Projected demand for Domestic and Industrial uses up to 2033 4110 ham Stage of Ground water development as on March 2009 - May 2009 59 (%) Source:http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/karnataka/SHIMOGA-BROCHURE.pdf
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 116
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-26Status of ground water utilization - Shivamogga District
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 117
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.9.2.1 Groundwater Quality Groundwater is the principal source for domestic and drinking purposes in almost all villages near the study area. The quality of the groundwater received is influenced by pollution of soil and air, industrial and domestic waste disposal, organic components, pathogenic microorganisms, application of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture, etc. Total Eight (08) ground water monitoring locations were identified for assessment in different villages around the project site based on the usage of sub surface water by the settlements/ villages in the study area. The groundwater results are compared with the acceptable and permissible water quality standards as per IS: 10500 (2012) for drinking water. Groundwater quality monitoring locations and results are givenin Table 3 -15, Error! Reference source not found. respectively. Map showing the groundwater monitoring locations are given in Table 3-15.
Table 3-15 Details of Groundwater Quality Monitoring Locations
Station Location Distance (km) from Project Azimuth Code boundary Directions GW1 Devakatthi koppa 0.02 E GW2 Mojappana Hasuru 3.71 ESE GW3 Tyajavalli 3.62 NNE GW4 Yerekoppa 3.62 N GW5 Ayanur 7.15 WNW GW6 Virupinakoppa 3.46 SE GW7 Abbalagere 6.55 E GW8 Kallugangur 3.74 E
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 118
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-27 Map showing the groundwater monitoring locations
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 119
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-16Ground Water Monitoring Resultsduring the study period (Jan 2020 - March 2020)
tthi koppa Unit Ayanur S.No Tyajavalli Yerekoppa Abbalagere Kallugangur Parameters Limit Permissible Virupinakoppa Devaka Drinking water Drinking water Drinking Mojappana Hasuru Standard (IS 10500: (IS Standard 10500: (IS Standard 2012) Acceptable Limit 2012) Acceptable 2012) GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 1 Colour Hazen 15 5 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 2 Turbidity NTU 5 1 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 3 pH -- NR 6.5-8.5 6.98 6.52 6.76 6.51 7.08 7.31 7.28 7.45 4 Conductivity µS/cm - - 634 958 682 1073 795 864 576 727 5 Total Dissolve mg/l 2000 500 396 604 426 696 534 582 358 484 Solids 6 Total Suspended - - BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ Solids 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 7 Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 600 200 143 168 102 234 188 206 111 222 8 Total Hardness as mg/l 600 200 175 217 240 400 211 355 189 264 CaCO3 9 Sodium as Na mg/l - - 41.5 81.4 53.9 65.8 59.2 49.4 38.6 26.8 10 Potassium as K mg/l - - 3.2 5.5 2.6 4.1 2.1 4.5 4.9 3.5 11 Calcium as Ca mg/l 200 75 37.3 51.63 47.6 96.19 42.9 92.18 48.1 60.1 12 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 100 30 19.9 21.42 29.5 38.7 25.1 30.16 16.8 27.6 13 Chloride as Cl mg/l 1000 250 86.7 166.5 113.8 139.4 120.9 103.5 82.4 56.9 14 Sulphate SO4 mg/l 400 200 19.3 52.37 41.36 44.57 38.7 32.5 17.7 21.5 15 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l NR 45 2.1 5.6 2.4 4.7 2.9 4.8 3.2 4.4 16 Fluorides as F 1.5 1 0.21 0.35 0.29 0.4 0.18 0.31 0.37 0.25 17 Cyanide mg/l NR 0.05 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 18 Arsenic as As mg/l 0.05 0.01 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 120
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
tthi koppa Unit Ayanur S.No Tyajavalli Yerekoppa Abbalagere Kallugangur Parameters Limit Permissible Virupinakoppa Devaka Drinking water Drinking water Drinking Mojappana Hasuru Standard (IS 10500: (IS Standard 10500: (IS Standard 2012) Acceptable Limit 2012) Acceptable 2012) GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 19 Boron as B mg/l 1.0 0.5 BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 20 Cadmium as Cd mg/l NR 0.003 BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ 0.001) 0.001) 0.001) 0.001) 0.001) 0.001) 0.001) 0.001) 21 Chromium as Cr mg/l NR 0.05 BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ BQL(LOQ 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 22 Copper as Cu mg/l 1.5 0.05 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 23 Lead as Pb mg/l NR 0.01 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 24 Manganese as Mn mg/l 0.3 0.1 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 0.05) 25 Mercury mg/l NR 0.001 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.0005) 0.0005) 0.0005) 0.0005) 0.0005) 0.0005) 0.0005) 0.0005) 26 Nickel as Ni mg/l NR 0.02 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 0.01) 27 Selenium as Se mg/l NR 0.01 BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) 0.005) (Note: BLQ – Below Limit of Quantification; LOQ – Limit Of Quantification; NR – No Relaxation)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 121
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.9.2.2 Results and Discussions Summary of analytical results of ground water collected from the study areaare presented below:
The ground water results of the study area indicate that the pH range varies between 6.51 and 7.45. It is observed that the pH range is within the permissible limit of IS 10500:2012. The Total Dissolved Solids range of the collected ground water sample is varied between 358 mg/l – 696 mg/l. All the samples are within the permissible limit of IS 10500: 2012. The acceptable limit of the chloride content is 250mg/l and permissible limit is 1000 mg/l. The chloride content in the collected ground water samples in the study area ranges between 56.9 mg/l – 166.5 mg/l. It is observed that all the samples are within the acceptable limit of IS 10500:2012. The acceptable limit of the sulphate content is 200mg/l and permissible limit is 400mg/l. The sulphate content in the collected ground water samples in the study area is varied between 17.7 mg/l – 52.37 mg/l. It is observed that all the samples are meeting the acceptable limit of the IS 10500: 2012. The Total hardness ranges is between 175 mg/l – 400 mg/l for ground water samples. It is observed that all the samples are within the permissible limit of the IS 10500: 2012. It is observed that all the ground water sample collected within the study area are meeting the drinking water standards IS 10500:2012.
3.10 Soil as a resource and its Quality
The soils of the districtare predominantly high base status mixed red, shallow black brown and alluvial. The soil forming rock of Shimogadistricts are laterite, schist, granites and gneisses. Asthey are varied, the soils are also different according tothe climate of the particular area.
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
Soil analysis was carried as per IS: 2720 methods. Soil quality monitoring locations & results results are given in
, Error! Reference source not found. respectively. Map showing the soil monitoring locations is given inFigure 3-28.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 122
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-17Soil & Sediment Quality Monitoring Locations Location Location Distance (Km) Direction Code w.r.t project site w.r.t. project site S1 Project Site - S2 Kallugangur 3.74 E S3 HuNasoDu 5.51 E S4 Somagoppa 3.72 SE S5 Pugate Koppa 3.92 W S6 Bhairanakoppa 2.51 SE S7 Yerekoppa 2.62 N S8 Konagavalli 3.34 N
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 123
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-28 Map showing the soil monitoring location
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 124
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-18 Soil Quality Monitoring Results (March 2020 - May 2020)
Pugate Bhairanakop S.N Project Site Kallugangur HuNasoDu Somagoppa Yerekoppa Konagavalli Parameters Units Koppa pa o S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 1 Soil Texture - Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sand Loamy Sand Sandy Loam Loamy Sand Sand Sandy Loam 2 Sand % 68.14 81.35 91.64 87.53 78.52 83.72 89.36 74.82 3 Silt % 29.3 2.93 3.1 3.8 7.59 9.46 3.35 13.72 4 Clay % 2.56 15.ol72 5.26 8.67 13.89 6.82 7.29 11.46 5 pH - 6.75 7.12 6.98 7.67 6.59 7.34 6.83 7.51 6 Electrical conductivity umhos/cm 108 136 112 149 125 436 157 131 7 Organic Carbon % 0.22 0.54 0.1 0.55 0.26 0.28 0.41 0.49 8 Organic matter % 0.38 0.93 0.17 0.95 0.45 0.48 0.71 0.84 9 Nitrogen as N mg/kg 297 246 195 229 318 269 183 217 10 Phosphorus mg/kg 127 135 69 105 175 194 119 76 11 Potassium mg/kg 283 157 246 206 134 329 179 227 12 Boron mg/kg BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ 1) BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ BLQ(LOQ 13 Cadmium mg/kg 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1) 0.1)
Note: BDL: Below Detectable Limit; DL: Detectable Limit; BLQ: Below Limit of Quantification; LOQ: Limit Of Quantification
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 125
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.9.3 Results and Discussions
Summary of analytical results for the soil samples collected in the study area during study period are as follows:
The pH of the soil samples ranged from 6.59 to 7.67 Indicating that the soils are neutral to slightly alkaline in nature. Conductivity of the soil samples ranged from 108 to 436 μmhos/cm. Nitrogen content in the collected soil samples ranged from 183 mg/kg to 318 mg/kg. Phosphorous content ranged from 69 mg/kg to 194 mg/kg. Potassium content ranges from 134 mg/kg to 329 mg/kg.
3.11 Biological Environment An ecological study of the ecosystem is essential to understand the impact of industrialization and urbanization on existing flora and fauna of the study area. Studies on various aspects of ecosystem play an important role in identifying sensitive issues for under taking appropriate action to mitigate the impact, if any. The biological study was under taken as a part of the EIA study report to understand the present status of ecosystem prevailing in the study area, to compare it with past condition with the help of available data, to predict changes in the biological environment as a result of present activities and to suggest measures for maintaining its health. A secondary information was conducted to study the flora & fauna in 10 km radius. Some of the information was gathered from the local habitants. All the collected data were classified to interpret the impact of pollution on the flora and fauna of that region. Survey of the wild plants as well as cultivated crop plants was made and all the available information was recorded.
District is noted for its rich and varied flora.There is a rapid transition from evergreenflora to scrub type as one move from west to the east.The evergreen forest is confined to a narrow belt in thewest where most of the hills are clothed with heavy forestgrowth and the ravines and valley are covered withluxuriant trees known for their immense height and size.The moist deciduous forests are found in the extreme north of Soraba taluk. Variety Areca nut is an important cash crop and Shimoga is one oftimber producing treesand sandalwood is found here. Shimoga is noted forAreca and coconut gardens as well.
The district is quite rich in the fauna wealth also. Important wild animals found in the forests of the district are elephants, bisons, antelopes, sambars, tigers, panthers, leopards, barking deer, wild pigs, black monkeys, jungle cats, bears, red squirrels and porcupines. Important birds that are found here are tree pie, jungle crow, grey tit, yellow cheeked herons, storks and peacocks. There is a natural bird sanctuary near Mandagadde village of Tirthahalli taluk.
Source: Census 2011 (Shivamogga)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 126
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
During secondary information, following aspects were considered for ecological studies:
Assessment of present status of flora and fauna; Identification of rare and endangered species of plants and animals (if any); Identification of ecologically sensitive areas within the study area; Assessment of migratory route of wildlife (if any); and Assessment of Aquatic Ecology with specific reference to aquatic birds and plankton resources.
3.11.1 Methodology Terrestrial investigations for flora and fauna records were collected from secondary information like research article, periodicals, floras and forest checklist.
3.11.2 Floral Study Plants species were identified based on their specific diagnostics characters of family, genus and species using available floral, other related literature. Besides the identification of plant species, information was collected on the vernacular names and uses of plants made by local inhabitants.
3.11.2.1 Floristic composition within the study area Based on secondary information, the herbs, shrubs and trees, which are sparsely distributed within study areais given in Table 3-18. List of Flora observed in the Reserve Forests are given in Table 3-19.
Table 3-18 List of flora reported/observed in the study area
Sl.No Scientific Names Family Common Name IUCN Status Herbs 1 Achyranthes aspera Amaranthaceae Kattale NA 2 Aerva lanata Amaranthaceae Bilesuli NA 3 Boerhavia diffusa Nyctaginaceae Tugli NA 4 Cardiospermum halicacabum Sapindaceae Siris NA 5 Cassia absus Fabaceae Kadu huliga LC 6 Cassia tora Fabaceae Chagache NA 7 Centella asiatica Apiaceae Brahmi soppu LC 8 Commelina benghalensis Commelinaceae Seethapal NA 9 Cyanotis tuberosa Commelinaceae ― NA 10 Cyanthillium cinereum Asteraceae Karehindi NA 11 Cymbopogon coloratus Poaceae Nimbe hullu NA 12 Desmodium triflorum Fabaceae Kadu avare gida LC 13 Evolvulus alsinoides Convolvulaceae Vishnu kranthi NA 14 Gymnosporia montana Celastraceae Bevu NA
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 127
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Names Family Common Name IUCN Status 15 Hemidesmus indicus Apocynaceae Bamboo NA 16 Hyptis suaveolens Lamiaceae Nititulsi NA 17 Indigofera tinctoria Fabaceae Neeli NA 18 Lepidagathis cuspidata Acanthaceae Kodajathripaccha NA 19 Leptadenia reticulata Asclepiadaceae Buruga NA 20 Leucas aspera Lamiaceae Bougainvellea NA 21 Leucas stricta Lamiaceae Muttuga NA 22 Mimosa pudica Fabaceae Olamucchaga NA 23 Ocimum americanum Lamiaceae Madar NA 24 Oldenlandia corymbosa Rubiaceae ― NA 25 Phyllanthus amarus Phyllanthaceae Nela nalli NA 26 Pupalia lappacea Amaranthaceae ― LC 27 Sida cordata Malvaceae Bhiundi NA 28 Sida cordifolia Malvaceae Chikana NA 29 Tephrosia purpurea Fabaceae Papaya NA 30 Tribulus terrestris Zygophyllaceae Neggele mullu NA 31 Tridax procumbens Asteraceae Kavale NA 32 Withania somnifera Solanaceae Ashwagandha NA Shrubs 33 Abutilon indicum Malvaceae Thangadi NA 34 Agave sisalana Liliaceae Kakke NA 35 Argemone mexicana Papaveraceae Seemethangadi NA 36 Bougainvillea spectabilis Nyctaginaceae ― NA 37 Calotropis gigantea Asclepiadaceae Ekkada gida NA 38 Calotropis procera Asclepiadaceae Eupatorium NA 39 Capparis divaricata Capparaceae Neembu NA 40 Capparis zeylanica Capparaceae Thottalu balli NA 41 Carica papaya Carucaceae Parangi gida NA 42 Carissa carandas Apocynaceae Karande gida NA 43 Cassia auriculata Caesalpiniaceae Tarwar NA 44 Chromalaena odorata Asteraceae ― NA 45 Crotalaria pallida Fabaceae ― NA 46 Croton tiglium Euphorbiaceae ― LC 47 Dalbergia lanceolaria Fabaceae Bili beete LC 48 Dodonaea viscosa Sapindaceae Bandarike NA 49 Euphorbia tirucalli Euphorbiaceae Gulmohar NA 50 Grewia damine Tiliaceae Bamboo NA 51 Grewia hirsuta Tiliaceae ― NA 52 Guazuma ulmifolia Malvaceae Bandarike NA 53 Ipomea cornea Convolvulaceae Neli, Amla NA 54 Ixora brachiata Rubiaceae Nilagiri NA 55 Kirganelia reticulata Phyllanthaceae Huli gida NA 56 Lantana camera Verbenaceae ― NA
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 128
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Names Family Common Name IUCN Status 57 Leonotis nepetifolia Lamiaceae ― NA 58 Murraya koenigii Rutaceae Aala NA 59 Musa sapientum Musaceae ― NA 60 Opuntia dilleni Cactaceae Arali, Peepal NA 61 Parthenium histerophorus Asteraceae ― NA 62 Pavetta indica Rubiaceae Papette gida NA 63 Solanum xanthocarpum Solanaceae Nelagulle NA 64 Ziziphus jujuba Rhamnaceae Bugari mara NA 65 Ziziphus oenoplia Rhamnaceae Chee mullu NA Climbers 66 Abrus precatorius Fabaceae Gurugunji NA 67 Aristolochia indica Aristolochiaceae Eshwariballi NA 68 Asparagus racemosus Liliaceae Shatavari NA 69 Cocculus hirsutus Menispermaceae Banni NA 70 Cuscuta reflexa Convolvulaceae Akasha balli NA 71 Ipomoea obscura Convolvulaceae Karijali, Babool NA 72 Merremia tridentata Convolvulaceae Pradharini NA 73 Pergularia daemia Asclepiadaceae Mugli NA 74 Stephania japonica Menispermaceae NA 75 Tylophora indica Asclepiadaceae Chicku; Sapota NA 76 Cryptolepis buchananii Asclepiadaceae ― NA Trees 77 Acacia arabica Fabaceae Babul, Karijali NA 78 Acacia auriculiformis Fabaceae earleaf LC 79 Acacia leucophloea Mimosaeae Nayibela LC 80 Acacia nilotica Mimosaeae Behaya LC 81 Acacia sundra Fabaceae Kaggli, cachu NA 82 Achras zapota Sapotaceae Lantana NA 83 Adina cardifolia Rubiaceae Yethyaga NA 84 Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Bel NA 85 Ailanthus excelsa Simaroubaceae Peethari NA 86 Alangium salviifolium Alangiaceae ― NA 87 Albizia odoratissima Mimosaeae Mavu, Mango LC 88 Albizia saman Mimosaeae Tugli NA 89 Albizia amara Mimosaeae Belkhaambi LC 90 Annona squamosa Anonaceae Sitha-phala NA 91 Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae Dindiga mara NA 92 Azardiracta indica Meliaceae Ollebevu NA 93 Bambusa arundinaceae Poaceae ― NA 94 Bassia latifolia Sapotaceae Ippi, mari NA 95 Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpiniaceae Ari basavanapada NA 96 Bombax malabaricum Bombaceae Sajana NA 97 Borassus flabellifer Arecaceae Panai NA
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 129
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Names Family Common Name IUCN Status 98 Boswellia serrata Burseraceae Chita NA 99 Butea frondosa Fabaceae Muthuga NA 100 Butea monosperma Papilionaceae Karibevu NA 101 Canthium parviflorum Rubiaceae Banana NA 102 Cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae Kakke mara NA 103 Cassia siamea Caesalpiniaceae Siamese Tree NA 104 Celastrus paniculata Celastraceae Gavanagorge VU 105 Citrus lemon Rutaceae Papaskalli NA 106 Coccos nucifera Palmae ― NA 107 Delonix regia Fabaceae Kempu Torai LC 108 Dendrocalamus strictus Poaceae ― NA 109 Dichrostachys cinera Fabaceae Wadu NA 110 Diospyros paniculata Ebenaceae ― NA 111 Dolichandrone falcata Bignoniaceae Woodi, oddi NA 112 Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae Bettada nelli NA 113 Eucalyptus spp Myrtaceae ― NA 114 Ficus arnottiana Moraceae Honge, Kanige NA 115 Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Marri chettu NA 116 Ficus glomerata Moraceae Golaru NA 117 Ficus racemosa Moraceae Atthimara NA 118 Ficus religiosa Moraceae Arali mara NA 119 Ficus tomentosa Moraceae Itti NA 120 Flacourtia ramontchi Salicaceae Hanmanki NA 121 Gardenia gummifera Rubiaceae Chitta bikke NA 122 Gardenia resinifera Rubiaceae Karinga NA 123 Garuga pinnata Burseraceae Godde NA 124 Grewia tiliifolia Malvaceae Thadasalu NA 125 Hibiscus platanifolius Malvaceae Konda pathi NA 126 Holoptelea integrifolia Ulmaceae Kanju NA 127 Hymenodictyon excelsum Rubiaceae Gandele NA 128 Kydia calcine Malvaceae Kydia NA 129 Lagerstroemia parviflora Lythraceae Channangi NA 130 Limonia acidissima Rutaceae Kadubela NA 131 Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae Mavu NA 132 Manilkara zapota Sapotaceae Wild Brinjal NA 133 Melia dubia Meliaceae Forest neem NA 134 Morinda tinctoria Rubiaceae Kadukumla NA 135 Morinda tomentosa Rubiaceae Hunse NA 136 Moringa oleifera Moringaceae Sainjna NA 137 Parkinsonia digitata Fabaceae Seven-finger NA 138 Pithecellobium dulce Fabaceae Seeme hunase NA 139 Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Hongemara LC 140 Pterocarpus marsupium Fabaceae Bija-sal, Honne VU
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 130
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Names Family Common Name IUCN Status 141 Samanea saman Fabaceae Rain tree NA 142 Sapindus trifoliatus Sapindaceae Homli NA 143 Strychnos nuxvomica Loganiaceae Nanjina NA 144 Strychnos potatorum Loganiaceae Chiligidda NA 145 Syzygium cumini Myrtaceae Jamun, Nerale NA 146 Tamarindus indica Fabaceae Hunase mara NA 147 Tectona grandis Lamiaceae Thekinamara NA 148 Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae Holematti NA 149 Terminalia bellarica Combretaceae Bahere NA 150 Terminalia chebula Combretaceae Heerda NA 151 Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae Karimaddi NA 152 Terminalia peniculata Combretaceae Hunalu NA 153 Thespesia populnea Malvaceae Havarasi NA 154 Wrightia tinctoria Apocynaceae Nili NA 155 Ximenia americana Olacaceae Nekri NA 156 Xylia xylocarpa Fabaceae Jambe NA 157 Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae Jharberi LC 158 Zizyphus xylocarpus Rhamnaceae Gotte NA (LC-Least Concern, DD-Data deficient, CR-Critically Endangered, VU-Vulnerable, NA-Not yet assessed, EN- Endangered, NT-Near Threatened, EW- Extinct in the Wild).
Source:
Krishnamurthy YL, Prakasha HM, Nanda A, Krishnappa M, Dattaraja, HS and Suresh HS. 2010. Vegetation structure and floristic composition of a tropical dry deciduous forest in Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Tropical Ecology. 51(2): 235-246. Prema Iyer, Ramachandra TV, Yogesh Gokhale. 2011. Checklist of Flowering Plants of Daroji Bear Sanctuary, Karnataka. Status of Karnataka Biodiversity. SAHYADRI E-NEWS: Issue XI. Sahyadri: Western Ghats Biodiversity Information System ENVIS @CES, Indian Institute of Science,Bangalore. http://www.ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity/sahyadri_enews/newsletter/issue11/hotspot/index.htm.
Table 3-19 List of flora in Reserve Forest
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family 1 Acacia arabica Karijali Mimoseae 2 Acacia catechu Kaggali, Khair Mimoseae 3 Acacia concianna Seege Mimoseae 4 Acacia ferruginea Banni Mimoseae 5 Acacia intia Kaduseege Mimoseae 6 Acacia leucophloea Bilijali Mimoseae 7 Acacia suma Mugalimara Mimoseae 8 Adhatoda vasica Adusoge Acanthaceae
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 131
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family 9 Adina cardifolia Yethyaga Rubiaceae 10 Aegle marmelos Bilwapatre Rutaceae 11 Aglaia roxburghiana Kempunola Meliaceae 12 Ailanthus malabarica Halmaddi Simaroubaceae 13 Albizzia amara Sujjalu Minoseae 14 Albizzia lebbek Kallubage Mimoseae 15 Albizzia odoratissima Bilwara Mimoseae 16 Albizzia procera Bellatte Mimoseae 17 Alseodaphne semecarpifolia Mase, Nelthere Lauraceae 18 Alstonia scholaris Maddale Apocynaceae 19 Amoora canarana Hottenola Meliaceae 20 Anacardium occidentale Geruhannu Anacardiaceae 21 Anogeissus latifolia Dindiga Combretaceae 22 Anthocephalus cadamba Neerubale Rubiaceae 23 Antiaris toxicaria Ajjanapatte Moraceae 24 Antidesma diandrum Hulimajjige Euphorbiaceae 25 Aporosa lindleyana Sarali, Sali Euphorbiaceae 26 Arenga wightii Dadasal Palmae 27 Artocarpus hirsute Hebbalasu Moraceae 28 Aetocarpus integrifolia Halasu Moraceae 29 Artocarpus lakoocha Vatehuli Moraceae 30 Azadirachta indica Bevu Meliaceae 31 Bambusa bambos Hebbidiru Graminae 32 Bassia latifolia Ippe Sapotaceae 33 Bauhinia malabarica Mandara Papillionaceae 34 Bauhinia racemosa Basavanapada Caesalpinae 35 Bauhinia vahlii Basavanapada-balli Papilionaceae 36 Boswellia cerrata Bilidhupa Burseraceae 37 Brindelia retusa Goje Euphorbiaceae 38 Buchanania latifolia Nurukalu Anacardiaceae 39 Butea monosperma Muttuga Papilionaceae 40 Butea superba Kadavarballi Papilionaceae 41 Caesalpinia bonducella Gajjuga Caesalpiniacea 42 Caesalpinia minosoides Kenjiga Caesalpineae 43 Calamus pseudotenuis Haludetta Palmae 44 Calamus rotang Nagabetta Palmae 45 Calamus thwaitesii Handibetta Palmae 46 Calophyllum inophyllum Yennehonne Guttiferae 47 Calophyllum wightianum Holehonne Guttigerae 48 Canarium strictum Kaidhupa Burseraceae
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 132
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family 49 Canthium didymium Kakkorle Rubiaceae 50 Carallia integerrima Andipunar Rhizophoraceae 51 Careya arborea Kowlu Myrtaceae 52 Carissa carandus Kauli Apocynaceae 53 Caryota urens Bagani Palmae 54 Cassia auriculata Avarike tangadi Papilionaceae 55 Cassia fistula Kakke Caesalpineae 56 Cassia tomentosa Sillange Caesalpineae 57 Cedrela toona Gandhagarige Meliaceae 58 Celastrus paniculata Gowri Celastraceae 59 Celtis australis Karki Ulmaceae 60 Chloroxylon swietenia Massibalally Meliaceae 61 Chukrasia tabularis Kalagarige Meliaceae 62 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Dalchinni Lauraceae 63 Cipadessa baccifera Chittumbe Meliaceae 64 Clematis gourina Arike Hambu Ranuncunaceae 65 Cochlospermum gossypium Betta tavare Bixaceae 66 Colebrookea oppositifolia Biligurigi Labiapeae 67 Cordia macleodii Hadaga Boraginaceae 68 Cardia myxa Challe Boraginaceae 69 Cryptolepis buchanani Karebantanaballi Asclepiadaceae 70 Dalbergia latifolia Beete Papilionacea 71 Delbergia paniculata Pachali Papilionacea 72 Dendrocalamus strictus Kirubidaru Graminae 73 Dichrostachys cinerea Vadivara Mimoceae 74 Dillinia pentagyna Kalthega, Kanigalu Dilleniacea 75 Dipspyros crumanata Kantumri Ebenaceae 76 Dipspyros melanoxylon Tupra Ebenaceae 77 Dipspyros montane Jagalaganti Ebenaceae 78 Dipspyros paniculate Karmaralu Ebenaceae 79 Dipterocarpus indicus Dhuma Dipterocarpaceae 80 Diospyros embryopteris Kustaraka Ebenaceae 81 Dodonaea viscose Bandanike Sapindaceae 82 Dysoxylum malabaricum Devadari Maliaceae 83 Elaecarpus serratus Kyasatta Tiliacea 84 Elaecarpus tuberculatus Sttaga, Bhutali Tiliaceae 85 Eleaeodendron glaucum Makarthi Celastraceae 86 Emblica officinalis Nelli Euphorbiaceae 87 Erinocarpus nimmonii Adavi-bende Tiliaceae 88 Erythrina stricta Keechakanamara Papilionaceae
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 133
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family
89 Erythrina suberosa Mullumuttuga Papilionaceae 90 Eugenia zeylanica Meenangi Myrtaceae 91 Euonymus dichotomus Kankutle Celastraceae 92 Ficus asperrima Garagatti Moraceae 93 Ficus benghalensis Ala Moraceae 94 Ficus callosa NIrvala Moraceae 95 Ficus glomerata Atthi Moraceae 96 Ficus hispida Nirgaragatti Moraceae 97 Ficus infectoria Basari Moraceae 98 Ficus religiosa Arali Moraceae 99 Flacourtia montana Hannusampige Bixaceae 100 Flacourtia sepiaria Miridi Bixaceae 101 Garcinia cambogia Kadagolmuraka Guttigerae 102 Garcinia morelaa Arasingurgi Guttigerae 103 Garcinia xanthochimus Jeerakanahuli Guttigerae 104 Gardenia gummifera Bikke Rubiaceae 105 Gardenia latifolia Kallagare Rubiaceae 106 Garuga pinnata Godda Burseraceae 107 Givotia rottieriformis Puliki Euophorbiaceae 108 Glycosmis pentaphylla Kadumaralugida Rutaceae 109 Gmelina arborea Shivini Verbenaceae 110 Goochidion zeylanicum Nirsolle Euphorbiaceae 111 Grewia tiliaefolia Tadasalu Tiliaceae 112 Gymnosparia montana Thandrasi Celastracea 113 Helecteres isore Cowri Tiliaceae 114 Hemidesmus Indicus Sarasaparilla Asclepeiadaceae 115 Hernada reparia Holebasari Ephorbiaceae 116 Holarrhena antidesentrica Kodasa Apocynaceae 117 Holigarna arnottiana Sanneleholegeru Arnacardiaceae 118 Holigarna beddomei Doddeleholegeru Arnacardiaceae 119 Hopea parviflora Kiralbogi Dipterocarpaceae 120 Hopea wightiana Hyga, Haiga Dipterocarpaceae 121 Hydnocarpus wightiana Garudaphala Bixaceae 122 Hymenodictyon excelsum Doddathoppe Rubiaceae 123 Ichnocarpus frutescens Karigambu Apocyanaceae 124 Kydia calycina Bende Malvaveae 125 Lagrstroemia flosreginae Holedasavala Lythraceae 126 Lagrstroemia lanceolata Nandi Lythracea 127 Lagrstroemia pareiflora Channangi Lythraceae
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 134
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family 128 Lannea grandis Godda Anacardiaceae 129 Lansium anamallayanum Chigatamari Meliaceae 130 Lantana camara Chandranga Verbinaceae 131 Lasiosiphon eriocephalus Mukkandaka Thymelaeaceae 132 Lettsomia thomsoni Uganihamby Convoluvulaveae 133 Limonia acidissima Naibyala Rutaceae 134 Linociera malabarica Tagadatti Oleaceae 135 Litsea zeylanipa Sudagenasu Lauraceae 136 Loranthus longiflorus Bandanike Loranthaceae 137 Macaranga roxburghii Chandrakala Euphorbiaceae 138 Machilus macrantha Gulamavu Lauraceae 139 Mallotus philippensis Bannadamara Euphorbiaceae 140 Mamena sirige Suragi Guttiferae 141 Mangifera Indica Mavu Anacardiaceae 142 Melia camposita (M dubia) Hebbevu Meliaceae 143 Mellia spp Vishapuri Meliaceae 144 Memecylon adule Arichapla, Adcheri Melastomaceae 145 Mesuaferrea Nagasampige Guttiferae 146 Michelia champaca Sampige Mangoliaceae 147 Mimosa pudica Muttideremuni Mymoseae 148 Mithragyna parvifolia Kadavala, Kalam Rubiceae 149 Mucuna prurita Nasaguni Papilionaceae 150 Murraya koenigii Karibevu Rutaceae 151 Myristica malabarica Ramapatre Myristicaceae 152 Nephilium longana Sannelekendal Sapindaceae 153 Ochlandra travancorica Vate Graminae 154 Ochna squarrosa Madli Ochnaceae 155 Olea dioica Sadle Oleaceae 156 Ougeinia delbergioides Bettadahonne Papilionaceae 157 Oxytenanthera stocksii Pannangi Graminae 158 Palaquium ellipticum Hadasale Sapotaceae 159 Pandanus odoratissimus Kyadige, Kedige Pandanaceae 160 Pavetta indica Pavate Rubiceae 161 Phoenix spp. Karichalu Plamae 162 Phoenix sylvestris Ichalu Plamae 163 Plumeria acutifolia Devakanigal Apocyanaceae 164 Poeciloneuron indicum Balagi Trernstroemiaceae 165 Polyalthia fragrans Maragowri Anonaceae 166 Pongamia pinnata Honge Papilionaceae 167 Premna tomentosa Eji, Narave Verbenaceae
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 135
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family 168 Psychotria flavida Kankalli Rubiacea 169 Pterocarpus marsupium Honne Papilionaceae 170 Pterospemum suberifolium Sownamara Sterculiaceae 171 Putrangiva roxburghii Putranjeeva Euophbiaceae 172 Randia dumentorum Kare Rubiaceae 173 Saccopetalum tomentosum Ubalu Anonaceae 174 Salix tetrasperma Niranji Salicaceae 175 Santalum album Sri Gandha Santalaceae 176 Sapindus emarginatus Antavala Sapindaeae 177 Saraca indicaa Asoka Caesalpinae 178 Schleichera oleosa Kusam Sapindaeae 179 Schredera swietenioides Gante Oleaceae 180 Semecarpus anacardium Kadugeru Anacadrdiaceae 181 Shorea talura Jalari, Jala, Jalgiri Dipterocarpaceae 182 Smilax prolifera Karinarigedde Liliaceae 183 Soymida febrifuga Some Meliaceae 184 Spatholobus roxburghii Kadavarehamabu Papilionaceae 185 Spondias mangifera Amate Anacardiaceae 186 Sterculia foetida Peenari Sterculiaceae 187 Sterculia guttata Hulithoradu Sterculiaceae 188 Streculia urens Savige Sterculiaceae 189 Streculia villosa Bildale Sterculiaceae 190 Stereospermum personatum Kaladri Bignoniaceae 191 Stereospermum xylocarpum Genasu Bignoniaceae 192 Stereospermum spp. Kadunugge Bignoniaceae 193 Stereospermum suaveolens Padri Bignoniaceae 194 Strobilanthus spp. Gurgi Acanthaceae 195 Strychnos nuxvomica Nanjanakoradu Loganiaceae 196 Strychnos potatorum Chilla Loganiaceae 197 Synplocos spicata Chunga Symplocaceae 198 Syzygium cumini Neralu Myrtaceae 199 Tabermaemontana heyneana Madlemara Apocynaceae 200 Tectona grandis Saguvani Verbenaceae 201 Terminalia arjuna Holemathi Combrataceae 202 Terminalia bellerica Tare Combrataceae 203 Terminalia chebula Alale Combrataceae 204 Terminalia tomentosa Mathi Combrataceae 205 Toddalia aculeaca Kadumenasu Rutaceae 206 Trema orientalis Gorakalu Ulmaceae 207 Trema nudiflora Kadukumbala Euphorbiacea
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 136
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl. No. Botanical name Vernacular name Family 208 Urena lobata Kogamani Malvaceae 209 Vitex alata Nirnaviladi Verbenaceae 210 Vitex altissima Naviladi Verbenaceae 211 Vitex negundo Lakkigida Verbenaceae 212 Vitis quadrangularis Perande Vitaceae 213 Wendlandia exerta Kansurgi Rubiaceae 214 Zanthoxylum rhetsa Jummanamara Rutaceae 215 Zizyphus jujube Elachi Rhamanaceae 216 Zizyphus oenoplia Sodli (paragi) Rhamanaceae 217 Zizyphus regosa Bili-mulluhannu Rhamanaceae 218 Zizyphus xylopyrus Chatte, ghotte Rhamanacea
3.11.3 Faunal Study Secondary information was collected from published Government data Viz List of the endangered and endemic species as per the schedule of The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Emphasis is given to identify avifauna and mammals to determine the presence and absence of Schedule-1 species, listed in The Wildlife Protection Act 1972, as well as in Red List of IUCN.
3.11.3.1 Fauna List of fauna reported/observed in the study area is given in Table 3-20.Fauna reported in Reserve Forests is given in Table 3-21. Biodiversity Richness Map of the study area is given in Figure 3-29.
Table 3-20 List of fauna reported/observed in the study area
Sl.No Scientific Name Local Name IUCN Birds 1 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna LC 2 Actitis hypoleucos Common sandpiper LC 3 Aegthina tiphia Common lora LC 4 Agrion sp Dragon Fly LC 5 Alcede ottis King Fisher LC 6 Anas crecca Common teal LC 7 Anas poecilorhyncha Spot billed duck LC 8 Ardea alba Large egret LC 9 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron LC 10 Ardeola grayii Paddy bird LC 11 Ardeotis nigriceps Bustard Qualis LC 12 Centropus sinesis Crow pheasant LC
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 137
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Name Local Name IUCN 13 Columba livia Pigeons LC 14 Copsychus saularis Magpie robin LC 15 Coracias benghalensis Indian roller LC 16 Coracina melanoptera Black headed cuckoo LC 17 Corvus macrorhynchos Jungle crow LC 18 Corvus splendens House crow LC 19 Cuculus canorus Cuckoos LC 20 Cypsiurus balasiensis Palm Swift LC 21 Dendrocitta vagabunda Indian tree pie LC 22 Dicaeum erythrohynchos Tickells flower pecker LC 23 Dicrurus caerulescens White bellied drongo LC 24 Dryobates mahrattensis Mahratta wood pecker LC 25 Egretta garzetta Little egret LC 26 Egretta intermedia Smaller egret LC 27 Elanus coerulens Kite LC 28 Eudynamys scolopacea Koel LC 29 Eudynamys scolopaceus Asian Koel LC 30 Ficedula parva Red throated flycatcher LC 31 Francolinus pondicerianus kowdhari LC 32 Francolinus pondicerianus Grey patridge LC 33 Fulica atra Common Coot LC 34 Haliastur indus Brahminy kite LC 35 Halycon smymensis White breasted kingfisher LC 36 Hirundo rustica Sallow LC 37 Lanius excubitor Great grey strike LC 38 Lanius minor Lesser grey shrike LC 39 Lanius schach Lang tailed shrike LC 40 Lanius vittatus Blacked shrike LC 41 Lonchura malabarica Indian silverbill LC 42 Lonchura striata Whitebacked munia LC 43 Mirafra erythroptera vaanambadi LC 44 Nectarinia zeylonica Purple rumped sunbird LC 45 Orthetrum sabina Green marsh hawk LC 46 Orthotomus sutorius Tailor Bird LC 47 Parus major Great tit LC 48 Passer domesticus House sparrow LC 49 Pavo cristatus Peacock LC 50 Perdicula asiatica Quail LC 51 Phlacrocorax niger Little cormorant LC 52 Pirinia sylvatica Jungle prinia LC
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 138
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Name Local Name IUCN 53 Ploceus philippinus Baya – weaver Bird LC 54 Prinia hodgosoni Grey breasted prinia LC 55 Psittacula krameri Rose ringed parakeet LC 56 Psittacula krameri Parakeets LC 57 Rantra sp. Water stridder LC 58 Saxicola caprata Pied buschat LC 59 Streptopelia senagalensis Little brown dove LC 60 Tachybaptus ruficollis Little grebe LC 61 Threskiornis melanocephalus White ibis LC 62 Turdoides caudate Common babbler LC 63 Turdoides malcolmi Large grey babbler LC 64 Upupa epops Hoopoe LC 65 Vanellus malabaricus Yellow wattled lapwing LC Butterflies 66 Acraea violae Tawny Coaster NA 67 Anaphaeis aurota Pioneer NA 68 Ariadne merione Common Castor NA 69 Castalius rosimon Common Pierrot NA 70 Catopsilia Pomona Common Emigrant NA 71 Colotis amata Small Salmon Arab NA 72 Colotis danae Crimson Tip NA 73 Colotis fausta Large Salmon Arab NA 74 Danaus chrysippus Plain Tiger NA 75 Danaus genutia Striped Tiger NA 76 Danaus plexippus Stripped tiger NA 77 Delias eucharis Common Jezebel** NA 78 Euploea core Indian Common Crow NA 79 Eurema hecabe Common Grass Yellow NA 80 Euthalia nais Baronet NA 81 Freyeria trochylus Grass Jewel NA 82 Graphiumagamemnon Tailed Jay NA 83 Graphium sarpedon Common Blue Bottle NA 84 Hebomoia glaucippe Great Orange Tip NA 85 Hypolimnas misippus Danaid Eggfly NA 86 Ixias Marianne White Orange Tip NA 87 Ixias pyrene Yellow Orange Tip NA 88 Jamides bochus Dark Cerulean NA 89 Jamides celeno Common Cerulean NA 90 Junonia almana Peacock Pansy NA 91 Junonia atlites Grey Pansy NA
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 139
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Name Local Name IUCN 92 Junonia hierta Yellow Pansy NA 93 Junonia iphita Chocolate Pansy NA 94 Junonia lemonias Lemon Pansy NA 95 Lampides boeticus Pea Blue NA 96 Melanitis leda Common Evening Brown NA 97 Neptis hylas Common Sailor NA 98 Pachliopta aristolochiae Common Rose NA 99 Pachliopta hector Crimson Rose LC 100 Papilio polymnestor Blue Mormon NA 101 Papilio polytes Common Mormon NA 102 Pareronia valeria Common Wanderer NA 103 Phalanta phalantha Common Leopard NA 104 Pieris canidia Indian Cabbage White NA 105 Spialia galba Indian Skipper NA 106 Spindasis vulcanus Common Silverline NA 107 Tirumala linniace Blue Tiger NA 108 Ypthima baldus Common Four Ring LC Mammals 109 Axis axis Spotted deer LC 110 Felis chaus Jungle cat LC 111 Lupus nigricollis Hare LC 112 Macaca radiate Monkey LC 113 Milardia meltada Field rat LC 114 Rattus rattus Common Indian rat LC Reptiles 115 Dendrophis sp. Green tree snake LC 116 Hemidactylus frenatus Souther house gecks LC 117 Bangarus caerulena Krait LC 118 Bangaruss coeruleus Indian krait LC 119 Naja naja Indian Cobra LC 120 Calotes versicolor Common garden lizard NA 121 Eutropis macularia Aranai LC 122 Chameleo zeylanicus Indian chameleon LC 123 Calotes ellioti Elliot's Forest Lizard LC 124 Ptyas mucosa Rat snake LC 125 Enhdris enhydris Smooth water snake LC 126 Hemidactylus brokii House Lizard LC 127 Hemidactylus reticulants Reticulated gecko LC 128 Hemidactylus triedrus Termite hill gecko LC 129 Mabuva carinata Ground Lizard LC
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 140
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No Scientific Name Local Name IUCN 130 Mabuya macularia Bronze grass skink LC 131 Naja Hanna King cobra LC 132 Ophisops Sp Snake eyed lizard LC 133 Psammophilus dorsalis Peninsular rock agama LC 134 Pytes mucosus Common rat snake LC 135 Sitara ponticereana Fanthroated Lizard LC 136 Varanus benghalensis Common indian monitor lizard LC Amphibians 137 Lissemys punctate Indian mud turtle LC 138 Hyla arborea Tree frog LC 139 Rana cyanophlyctis Frog LC 140 Bufo Melanostictus Toad LC 141 Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Bull Frog LC 142 Bufo melanrostictus Common indian toad LC 143 Euphylictis cyanoohlyctis Skittering frog LC 144 Euphlyctus ehenbergi Skipper frog LC 145 Fejervarya limnocharis Cricker frog LC 146 Hoplobatrachus ruqulosus Indian bull fog LC 147 Microhyla rubra Red narrow mouthed frog LC (LC-Least Concern, DD-Data deficient, CR-Critically Endangered, VU-Vulnerable, NE-Not Evaluated, NA-Not assessed, EN- Endangered, NT-Near Threatened, EW- Extinct in the Wild).
Birds Ali, S. (2002). The Book of Indian Birds (13th Revised Edition). Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 326pp. Bhat, R. and Ganesh, C.B. (2014) Bird Diversity and Status in Western Ghats of Katgal (Uttar KannadaDist.), Karnataka State. Ecol. Environ. Conserv., 20, 181-186. Bhat, P.I., Cristopher,S.S. and Hosetti, B.B. (2009) Avifaunal Diversity of Anekere Wetland, Karkala,Udupi District, Karnataka, India. J. Env. Biol., 30, 1059-1062. Butterflies Kehimkar I. The Book of Indian Butterflies. Bombay Natural History Society, 2008, 497. Evans WH. Identification of Indian butterflies. The Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, 1927, 32. Kunte K (2000a). Butterflies of Peninsular India. Indian Academy of Science, University of Press (India) Limited, Hyderabad, India, 354. Mammals GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA “BIODIVERSITY OF KARNATAKA” http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/Biodiversity%20of%20Karnataka%20at%20a %20Glance_0.pdf Reptiles
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 141
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Aengals, R., Sathish Kumar, V.M., Palot, M.J. & Ganesh, S.R. (2018). A Checklist of Reptiles of India. 35 pp. Version 3.0. Online publication is available at www.zsi.gov.in (Last update: May 2018) Table 3-21 List of fauna in the Reserve Forest
Sl.No. Scientific Names Common names Kannada name Mammals 1 Macaca sinica The Bonnet Monkey Kapi 2 Pithecus entellus Hanuman Monkey Musia 3 Loris lydekkerianus Mysore Slender Loris Kadupapa 4 Felis affinis The Tiger Huli, Dodhull, 5 Felis affinis The Jungle Cat Kadubekku 6 Acinonyx venaticus The hunting Leopard Kiruba 7 Mangos Mango mungo The indian mungoose Mungasi 8 Canis indicus The Indian Jackal Nari 9 Lutra lutra The common Otter Nirunayi 10 Melurus ursinus The Sloth Bear Karadi 11 Tragullus meminna Mouse Deer ― 12 Pteropus giganteus The Indian flying Fox ― 13 Lyroderma lyra lyra The vampire Bat ―
14 Petaurista philippensis The South Indian flying Squirrel Harubekku 15 Seiurus Malabaricus The red squirrel Kendalilu 16 Seiurus The Gaur, The Bison Kati, Kadukona 17 Muntiacus vaginalis The Barking deer Caducei 18 Rosa Uni-colour The sandbur Kara, Cadaver 19 Axis The spotted Deer Sarong 20 Sues cryostats The Indian Wild Boar Kaduhandi 21 Hystrix leucra The Indian Porcupine Mullandi 22 Manis crassicaudata The Indian Pangolin Chipuhandi Birds 1 Corvus macrithyncus The Jungle Crow Kage 2 Palaeornis torquatus The Common Indian Parrot Gill, Gini 3 Neopharon ginginianus The vulture Haddu 4 Harasser indus The Bromine kite Garuda 5 Crocopus chlorogaster The Green Pigeon Biliva 6 Columba intemedia The Blue rock pigeon Kadupariala 7 Pavo cristatus The Pen fowl Navilu 8 Gallus sonnerati The gray jungle fowl Kadukoli 9 Gallooerdix spadicea The red Sour fowl Chittagoli 10 Francolinus pondicerians The Gray patridge Gawjalakki 11 Sarcidiomis melanonotus The Comb Duck Nirukoli 12 Dendrocyena javanica ― The Whistling teal 13 Nettium crecea ― The Common Teal 14 Gallus banakiva murgi The Red Jungle Fowl Kempu kadukoli
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 142
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No. Scientific Names Common names Kannada name 15 Dendrocittarufa The Tree pie Matapakshi 16 Dumetia hyperithra The Rufous-Hellied Babbler Chirapakshi Otocompusa jocose The Southern Red Kembumise 17 fascucaudata Whiskered Bul Bul. bulbul 18 Saxicolodes cambaiensis The Indian Robin Buda balatuti 19 Pienonotus luteolus The white browed Bul bul Bul bul 20 Tehitrea paradise The paradise flycather Rajahakki 21 Cyornis tickellioe Tickelle Blue flycatcher. Nili-Rajahakki 22 Tephrodornis pondiceriana The common woodshrike Bharadwaja 23 Pericocotus speciosus The Scarlet minivet Chtrapakshi Kare 24 Dicururus macrocerus The king Crow bharadwaja 25 Dissemurus sctorius The Rocket tailed drongo Bharadwaja 26 Orthotomus sctoricus The Tailor Bird Chipaganahakki 27 Acredotheres trestis The Common myna Goravantehakki 28 Gymnoris xanthocolis The Yellow throated Sparrow Kodagubachi 29 Hirindo rustica The Common Sallow Bannakki 30 Hirundo filifera Wire tailed Swallow Tantihanakki Tikells Flower 31 Dicoem erythrorthyncum ― peacker Yellow frinted pied wood 32 Leopicus blanfordil peacker Marakatiga The Southern crow Kempukage, 33 Centropus parroti pheasant Kembutha The Common kin 34 Alcedo benghalensis ― fisher 35 Sarcogyps calvus The Black Vulture Ranahaddu 36 Astur dussumier The Indian shikhara Shikara 37 Oenopopelia transquebarica The red turtule dove Galava The white breasted water 38 Amauromis phoenicurus hen Nirakoli 39 Bulbulcus coromandus ― The cattle egret 40 Nettion crecca ― The common teal 41 Demdrocygna javanica The common whist Nirubathu Reptiles 1 Crocodilus palustris The Mugger Mosale 2 Testudo elegans The land Tortoise Ame 3 Gonotodes mysorenisi The Monitor lizard Uda 4 Calotes versicolor ― Hentegooda 5 Chameleon calcaratus The Chameleon Hentegooda 6 Python molures The Python Hebbau 7 Tropidinotus stolatus The Common Green Snake Hasaru Havu 8 Bugarus coeruleus The Krait Kattihavu 9 Naja tripudians The Cobra Nagarahavu
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 143
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Sl.No. Scientific Names Common names Kannada name Kalinga Sarpa, 10 Vipera resselli Russell’s viper Karinagara Amphibians 1 Rana hexadactyla The Green tank frog Hasarukappe 2 Rantigrina The Bull frog Mamadakappe 3 Rana cyanophlyctis ― The Concer frog 4 Rana malabarica The Tree frog Malekappa 5 Rhacophorus pleuroxtictus The Tree frog Maradakappa 6 Rana verrucosa The Plantain frog Balemaradakappe Fishes 1 Clarias batrachus The Black cat fish Anaminu 2 Saccobranchus fossillis Scorpin fish Chelumiu 3 Wallago attu ― Baiwminu 4 Callichrous bimaculatus ― Butter fish 5 Pseudotropius atheronoides ― Lady fish 6 Macrones vittatus ― Pidler 7 Macrenes aor ― 8 Macrenes kelitius ― 9 Barbus tor ― Biliminu, Masheer 10 Barbus neilli ― Biliminu, Masheer 11 Berbus sarana ― Gid pakke 12 Labeo kontius ― Handikurulu 13 Labeo boga ― Mada kurlu 14 Mastocembalus armatus ― Havuminu 15 Ophiocephalus puntatus ― Kacuminu 16 Oleucopunctatus gachua ― Korave Reference: Biodiversity of Karnataka at a Glance.doc Karnataka forest DepartmentManagement Plan for Shettihalli wildlife sanctuary(2005-06 to 2014-15)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 144
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 3-29 Biodiversity Richness Map of the Project study area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 145
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.12 Socio Economic profile
3.12.1 Socio Economic Profile of District
Shimoga district is located in the mid-western region of the State. The district lies between the north latitudinal parallels of 13°27’ and 14°39’ and the east longitudinal parallels of 74°37’ and 75°53’ and bounded by Uttara Kannada district on the north-west, Haveri on north-east, Davanagere on the east, Chikmagalur on the south and Udupi on the southwest. It is of an irregular shape which is broader at the middle than at the extremes. Its greatest length from east to west is 132 km. and from north to south is 128 km. The most conspicuous areas of very high and very low area of the district are located at a minimum of 300 meters to maximum of 850 meters of contour lines above the mean sea level. Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf (Ref: Directorate of Census Operations Karnataka, “The District Census Handbook 2011, Shimoga District”, Series-30, Part XII-A)
3.12.1.1 Socio Economic Aspects
A socio-economic study was undertaken in assessing aspects which are dealing with social and cultural conditions, and economic status in the study area. The study provides information such as demographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure resources, and the status of human health and economic attributes like employment, per-capita income, agriculture, trade, and industrial development in the study area. The study of these characteristic helps in identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts on socio-economic and parameters of human interest due to proposed project developments. The parameters are:
Demographic structure Infrastructure Facility Economic Status Health status Cultural attributes Awareness and opinion of people about the project and Industries in the area. Table 3-22 shows some important Social Indicators of Shimoga district in Karnataka.
Table 3-22 Social Indicators of Shimoga District S.No Social Indicators Shimoga District 1 Decadal variation % 6.71 2 Urban population % 35.59
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 146
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S.No Social Indicators Shimoga District 3 Sex ratio 998 4 0-6 age group % 10.43 5 Population density (Persons per square Km) 207 6 Scheduled caste population % 17.58 7 Scheduled tribe population % 3.73 8 Literacy rate % 80.45 9 Work Participation rate % 44.54 10 Main Workers % 83.63 11 Marginal Workers % 16.37 12 Cultivators % 18.99 13 Agricultural labourers % 48.66 14 Workers in household industries % 2.35 15 Other workers % 30.00 Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
(Ref: Directorate of Census Operations Karnataka, “The District Census Handbook 2011, Shimoga District”, Series-30, Part XII-A)
3.12.1.2 Population and Household Size
Shimoga district recorded 6.71 per cent growth rate during the decade 2001-2011. Population density of the district was 207 persons/sq km. As per 2011 Census, the total population in the district, 44.54% are workers. The male and female workers are 60.92% and 28.12% respectively. The workers were further classified as main workers and marginal workers. The main workers are persons who worked for 6 months or more during the reference period and persons worked for less than 6 months are marginal workers. As classified above, of the total workers, 83.63 per cent are main workers and 16.37 per cent are marginal workers. Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf (Ref: Directorate of Census Operations Karnataka, “The District Census Handbook 2011, Shimoga District”, Series-30, Part XII-A)
3.12.1.3 Sex Ratio
The sex ratio is defined as number of females to 1000 males. According to 2011 Census, the sex ratio of the district is 998. The ratio increased by 20 points compared to 2001 Census, and ranks at 7th place among the districts in the State. The sex ratio by residence has increased both in rural and urban areas. The 0-6 child sex ratio increased by 4 points registering 960 female children to 1000 male children in the district. In terms of 0-6 child sex ratio, the district ranks at 8th place among the districts in the State.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 147
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf (Ref: Directorate of Census Operations Karnataka, “The District Census Handbook 2011, Shimoga District”, Series-30, Part XII-A)
3.12.1.4 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Total Scheduled Castes (SCs) population reported in the district is 308,158 persons, constituting about 17.58 per cent of total population of the district. The decadal growth rate of Scheduled Castes as per 2011 Census is 14.34 per cent. The proportion of Scheduled Castes in the district to total SCs in the State is 2.94 percent.
The growth rate of Scheduled Tribes (STs) during the decade 2001-2011 is 16.81 per cent and about 3.73 per cent of the district’s total population is Scheduled Tribes. The share of district’s STs to total Scheduled Tribes in the State is 1.54 percent. The decadal change in the growth rate of SCs and STs in urban areas has reported to be high compared to the growth rate in rural areas.
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
(Ref: Directorate of Census Operations Karnataka, “The District Census Handbook 2011, Shimoga District”, Series-30, Part XII-A)
3.12.1.5 Education & Literacy
As per Census 2011, a person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any language is taken as literates. A person who can only read but cannot write is not literate. It is not necessary that to be considered as literate, a person should received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard. Literacy could have been achieved through adult literacy classes or through any non-formal educational system. People who are blind and can read in Braille are treated as literates.
The literacy rate for Shimoga district is 80.45 per cent in 2011 as against 74.52 per cent in 2001, an increase of 5.92 per cent during the decade. The gap in male – female literacy rate narrowed down to 11.23 per cent in 2011 Census compared to 15.13 per cent in 2001. Though this gap has reduced both in rural and urban areas, the decline in rural areas is more substantial than in urban areas. The educational infrastructure in the Shimoga district is given in Table 3-23.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 148
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Source: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2914_PART_A_DCHB_SHIMOGA.pdf
(Ref: Directorate of Census Operations Karnataka, “The District Census Handbook 2011, Shimoga District”, Series-30, Part XII-A)
Table 3-23Error! Reference source not found. Education Infrastructures in the Shimoga District Total schools Rural Schools Type of school Government Private Government Private
Primary 927 83 871 44
Primary + Upper Primary 925 289 785 108
Primary + Upper Primary + Secondary + Higher Secondary 0 6 0 3
Upper Primary only 3 11 2 1
Upper Primary + Secondary + Higher Secondary 1 0 1 0
Primary + Upper Primary + Secondary 14 51 8 19
Upper Primary + Secondary 16 5 14 3
(Source: District Information Systems on Education (DISE report card 2016-17))
3.12.1.6 Health Facilities
Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and Health Sub-centers (HSCs) are providing the preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care services to the rural people. The district has good number of public health systems accessible and affordable apart from the private health facilities. The Health Facilities given in Table 3-24.
Table 3-24 Medical Facilities available in Shimoga District Name of Type of Facilities As on 16th December 2020 the Facility District Total Facility Active Facilities Total Public Private Urban Rural Total Public Private Urban Rural [(A+B) [A] [B] [C] [D] [(A+B) [A] [B] [C] [D] or or (C+D)] (C+D)]
Shimoga SC 356 356 0 50 306 356 356 0 50 306 District PHC 106 106 0 12 94 106 106 0 12 94
CHC 7 7 0 0 7 7 7 0 0 7
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 149
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Name of Type of Facilities As on 16th December 2020 the Facility District Total Facility Active Facilities Total Public Private Urban Rural Total Public Private Urban Rural [(A+B) [A] [B] [C] [D] [(A+B) [A] [B] [C] [D] or or (C+D)] (C+D)]
SDH 25 18 7 7 18 25 18 7 7 18
DH 2 2 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 1
Total 496 489 7 69 427 495 488 7 69 426
Note: SC – Sub Center; PHC – Primary Health Center; CHC – Community Health Center; SDH – Sub District Hospital; DH – District Hospital. (Source: National Health Mission, as on December 16th, 2020)
3.12.2 Socio Economic Profile of Study area
The methodology adopted to collect secondary data/information on socio-economic area as given below. The aim of the present study was to identify the population details,literacy details, employment pattern, infrastructure facilities and land use pattern etc.All details were taken from primary census abstract 2011 and district census handbook 2011. The desktop study was performed in 10 km radius map by disturbing the map in4 zones 0-3, 3-5, 5-7 and 7-10 km. Demographic details are given in Table 3- 25.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 150
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-25 Demographic details of Study area
HH No_ TRU P_06 P_ST TOT_ MAIN P_SC Name P_LIT P_ILL NON_ Town/ Sr. No Sr. MARG TOT_F Taluka Village TOT_P TOT_M WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P
0-3 km 1 Shimoga 608396 Sidlipura Rural 118 486 258 228 66 208 28 297 189 222 221 1 264 2 Shimoga 608397 Devakathikoppa Rural 225 963 463 500 135 395 181 579 384 461 458 3 502 3 Shimoga 608398 Gejjenahalli Rural 239 1096 528 568 148 678 75 584 512 454 446 8 642 4 Shimoga 608400 Bhairanakoppa Rural 65 247 129 118 26 60 6 172 75 125 124 1 122 5 Shimoga 608401 Kote Ganguru Rural 246 1038 518 520 143 286 13 552 486 427 420 7 611 6 Shimoga 608402 Virupina Koppa Rural 185 751 369 382 102 106 425 350 401 394 369 25 357 7 Shimoga 608403 Thevara Koppa Rural 140 580 316 264 69 41 207 338 242 288 279 9 292 8 Shimoga 608405 Shri Rampura Rural 179 697 354 343 102 244 105 426 271 318 302 16 379 9 Shimoga 608440 Mojappana Hosuru Rural 98 483 253 230 90 28 10 354 129 153 28 125 330 10 Shimoga 608353 Muduvala Rural 297 1229 633 596 143 374 370 908 321 532 324 208 697 11 Shimoga 608355 Devabalu Rural 59 299 145 154 39 100 161 233 66 136 135 1 163 12 Shimoga 608356 Ambli Katte Rural 1 4 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 2 13 Shimoga 608357 Thyaja Valli Rural 269 1222 633 589 125 347 141 885 337 542 356 186 680 14 Shimoga 608358 Konagavalli Rural 134 513 254 259 47 114 63 364 149 264 241 23 249 15 Shimoga 608359 Sevalal Nagara Rural 79 340 158 182 28 340 0 242 98 103 96 7 237 Total 2334 9948 5013 4935 1265 3321 1785 6286 3662 4421 3801 620 5527 3-5 km 16 Shimoga 608404 Guddada Arakere Rural 121 466 258 208 58 28 137 266 200 262 259 3 204 17 Shimoga 608406 Aladevara Hosuru Rural 21 77 37 40 14 11 17 38 39 43 43 0 34 18 Shimoga 608399 Kallaganguru Rural 147 621 312 309 107 521 30 327 294 294 103 191 327 19 Shimoga 608436 Bikkona Halli Rural 126 609 304 305 78 242 4 456 153 295 64 231 314
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 151
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
HH No_ TRU P_06 P_ST TOT_ MAIN P_SC Name P_LIT P_ILL NON_ Town/ Sr. No Sr. MARG TOT_F Taluka Village TOT_P TOT_M WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P
20 Shimoga 608439 Basavana Ganguru Rural 270 1223 627 596 161 332 211 828 395 591 532 59 632 21 Shimoga 608351 Mysavalli Rural 111 453 226 227 54 266 0 357 96 159 150 9 294 22 Shimoga 608352 Valakeshava Pura Rural 21 86 47 39 9 86 0 52 34 34 33 1 52 23 Shimoga 608354 Yadavala Rural 130 619 315 304 63 294 0 470 149 277 255 22 342 24 Shimoga 608362 Veerannana Benavalli Rural 208 920 484 436 104 416 0 675 245 383 373 10 537 25 Shimoga 608371 Veeragarana Bhairana Koppa Rural 38 151 82 69 27 85 0 71 80 75 71 4 76 26 Shimoga 608373 Anesara Rural 32 136 66 70 18 109 0 90 46 69 58 11 67 Total 1225 5361 2758 2603 693 2390 399 3630 1731 2482 1941 541 2879 5-7 km 27 Shimoga 608407 Puradalu Rural 278 1268 636 632 148 21 15 830 438 619 597 22 649 28 Shimoga 608408 Anupina Katte Rural 152 650 335 315 70 374 34 379 271 266 265 1 384 29 Shimoga 608419 Kunchena Halli Rural 436 2162 1088 1074 297 1906 130 1275 887 1142 865 277 1020 30 Shimoga 608421 Beerana Kere Rural 210 1033 515 518 121 579 272 607 426 482 475 7 551 31 Shimoga 608422 Boodi Gere Rural 65 308 154 154 39 302 1 230 78 122 34 88 186 32 Shimoga 608424 Suthu Kote Rural 140 709 359 350 89 124 286 439 270 254 249 5 455 33 Shimoga 608437 Abbalagere Rural 373 1479 752 727 141 364 101 894 585 714 707 7 765 34 Shimoga 608438 Hunasodu Rural 317 1371 681 690 177 1133 44 931 440 650 624 26 721 35 Shimoga 608441 Channamumba Pura Rural 215 1166 566 600 84 662 45 857 309 356 230 126 810 36 Shimoga 608339 Israpura Rural 2 8 4 4 3 0 0 4 4 2 2 0 6 37 Shimoga 608343 Ratti Halli Rural 238 1213 639 574 169 1203 0 557 656 726 575 151 487 38 Shimoga 608345 Rampura Rural 3 12 5 7 2 0 0 10 2 4 4 0 8 39 Shimoga 608346 Bhairana Koppa Rural 101 473 237 236 47 150 3 363 110 165 155 10 308 40 Shimoga 608347 Rama Nagara Rural 249 1150 595 555 137 190 233 839 311 569 494 75 581
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 152
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
HH No_ TRU P_06 P_ST TOT_ MAIN P_SC Name P_LIT P_ILL NON_ Town/ Sr. No Sr. MARG TOT_F Taluka Village TOT_P TOT_M WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P
41 Shimoga 608348 Harana Halli Rural 1220 5653 2843 2810 649 601 118 3978 1675 2159 1996 163 3494 42 Shimoga 608349 Arena Koppa Rural 125 602 325 277 68 121 6 402 200 241 190 51 361 43 Shimoga 608350 Sanke Devana Koppa Rural 41 170 87 83 17 1 0 140 30 56 55 1 114 44 Shimoga 608363 Nagarabavi Rural 10 56 32 24 5 0 0 50 6 17 17 0 39 45 Shimoga 608364 Ayanuru Rural 790 3605 1876 1729 368 1239 608 2411 1194 1234 1118 116 2371 46 Shimoga 608374 Channa Halli Rural 95 411 214 197 33 190 1 257 154 201 158 43 210 47 Shimoga 608376 Ittige Halli Rural 161 738 363 375 68 50 0 543 195 255 251 4 483 48 Bhadravati 608560 Bommanakatte Rural 175 739 373 366 88 627 9 342 397 466 461 5 273 Total 5396 24976 12679 12297 2820 9837 1906 16338 8638 10700 9522 1178 14276 7-10 km 49 Shimoga 608409 Hanumantha Pura Rural 30 125 75 50 14 35 6 76 49 57 56 1 68 50 Shimoga 608410 Govindapura Rural 112 427 216 211 48 186 0 247 180 223 216 7 204 51 Shimoga 608411 Agasavalli Rural 563 2525 1252 1273 354 826 133 1364 1161 1484 884 600 1041 52 Shimoga 608423 Bannikere Rural 160 758 385 373 92 363 135 461 297 343 339 4 415 53 Shimoga 608434 Alada Halli Rural 172 675 359 316 49 14 50 412 263 348 341 7 327 54 Shimoga 608435 Kommanalu Rural 326 1528 801 727 147 392 158 1094 434 687 658 29 841 55 Shimoga 608336 Kesavina Katte Rural 75 394 192 202 56 43 4 265 129 124 91 33 270 56 Shimoga 803137 Shimoga (CMC) Urban 76009 322650 162018 160632 32691 40737 9192 254531 68119 118308 110962 7346 204342 57 Shimoga 608338 Hitturu Rural 63 269 134 135 26 44 0 187 82 89 85 4 180 58 Shimoga 608340 Narayana Pura Rural 229 1122 568 554 141 1119 0 531 591 594 514 80 528 59 Shimoga 608341 Mallapura Rural 277 1479 751 728 164 69 0 1119 360 537 494 43 942 60 Shimoga 608442 Mathodu Rural 257 1017 509 508 96 183 178 702 315 359 358 1 658 61 Shimoga 608443 Belala Katte Rural 262 1130 577 553 115 644 0 701 429 694 643 51 436
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 153
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
HH No_ TRU P_06 P_ST TOT_ MAIN P_SC Name P_LIT P_ILL NON_ Town/ Sr. No Sr. MARG TOT_F Taluka Village TOT_P TOT_M WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P WORK_P
62 Shimoga 608444 Melina Hanasavadi Rural 198 1019 506 513 81 75 11 833 186 408 323 85 611 63 Shimoga 608445 Hole Hanasavadi Rural 306 1282 633 649 125 475 44 856 426 672 661 11 610 64 Shimoga 608320 Chamena Halli Rural 149 687 363 324 62 298 104 529 158 444 358 86 243 65 Shimoga 608321 Hubbana Halli Rural 162 697 342 355 58 150 14 579 118 200 195 5 497 66 Shimoga 608322 Gudena Koppa Rural 1 3 1 2 0 0 0 3 0 2 1 1 1 67 Shimoga 608335 Vitagondana Koppa Rural 161 734 363 371 74 51 0 564 170 235 172 63 499 68 Shimoga 608474 Lakshmi Pura Rural 324 1374 686 688 177 667 30 752 622 827 813 14 547 69 Shimoga 608377 Hosuru Rural 139 588 302 286 58 7 0 397 191 267 134 133 321 70 Shimoga 608379 Kachi Koppa Rural 94 487 245 242 54 49 5 393 94 184 141 43 303 71 Shimoga 608365 Doddadanavandi Rural 33 157 74 83 17 31 0 113 44 111 111 0 46 72 Shimoga 608366 Dagali Mane Rural 22 97 48 49 10 5 0 61 36 41 41 0 56 73 Shimoga 608378 Malalakoppa Rural 1 3 2 1 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 1 0 74 Shimoga 608380 Adagadi Rural 124 612 306 306 57 265 0 379 233 272 264 8 340 75 Shimoga 608388 Thammadi Halli Rural 252 1110 565 545 107 229 8 858 252 516 512 4 594 76 Shimoga 608390 Bilvadera Koppa Rural 85 404 202 202 48 86 8 285 119 159 158 1 245 77 Shimoga 608391 Shirigere Rural 229 1107 585 522 121 457 0 897 210 438 433 5 669 Total 80815 344460 173060 171400 35042 47500 10080 269191 75269 128626 119960 8666 215834 Grand Total 89770 384745 193510 191235 39820 63048 14170 295445 89300 146229 135224 11005 238516
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 154
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.12.3 Administrative Details
The 10 km radial study area map is distributed in 2 zones (0-5 & 5-10 km). The study area falls in Shimoga district. There are two Taluks falling in the study area namely Shimoga and Bhadravati. From Shimoga taluk there are 75 villages and 1 town and from Bhadravati Taluk 1 village falls in the study area. Administrative details are given in Table 3-26.
Table 3-26 Administrative Details of the study area Zone Taluka No of villages No of towns 0-3 Shimoga 15 0 3-5 Shimoga 11 0 5-7 Shimoga 21 0 Bhadravati 1 0 7-10 Shimoga 28 1 0-10 76 1 * Source: Census 2011
3.12.4 Gram Panchayat details According to district census handbook 2011, total 22 Gram Panchayats are coming under the study area map. Details of villages in each Gram Panchayat is given in Table 3-27.
Table 3-27 Gram Panchayat details Gram No of Gram No of Gram No of Gram No of Panchayat villages Panchayat villages Panchayat villages Panchayat villages 0-3 km 3-5 km 5-7 km 7-10 km Kote ganguru 7 Konagavalli 4 Puradalu 2 Hanumantha Pura 1 Thevara koppa 1 Puradalu 2 Kunchenahalli 2 Kommanalu 3 Mojappana hosuru 1 Kallaganguru 1 Haranahalli 4 Rama Nagara 5 Konagavalli 6 Kommanalu 1 Rama Nagara 3 Agasavalli 2 Abbalagere 1 Abbalagere 3 Mallapura 4 Ayanuru 1 Mallapura 2 Bale Koppa 3 Sirigere 1 Sirigere 2 Sirigere 2 Ayanuru 1 Mandagatta 3 Kallihal 1 Ayanuru 3 Kommanalu 1 Hosahalli 1 Harama Ghatta 1 Thammadi Halli 1 Total 15 11 22 28 Source: District census handbook 2011, district Shimoga, Karnataka
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 155
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.12.5 Population details According to census 2011, total population of the study area is 3,84,745 with a total 89770 households. Average family size in the study area is 4.28 which is lower than district family size. Out of total population male population is 1,93,510 and female population is 1,91,235.0-6 Child population is 39,820 which is(10.34%) of total population. Total SC population is 63,048 (16.38%) and ST population is 14170(3.68%)
Average sex ratio is 988 and 0-6 child sex ratio is 957 female to per 1000 male.Zone wise population details are given in Table 3-28.
Table 3-28Population details Zone in Total Total Total 0-6 Child Total Total Male Total ST km Households Population Female Population SC 0-3 2334 9948 5013 4935 1265 3321 1785 3-5 1225 5361 2758 2603 693 2390 399 5-7 5396 24976 12679 12297 2820 9837 1906 7-10 80815 344460 173060 171400 35042 47500 10080 0-10 89,770 3,84,745 1,93,510 1,91,235 39,820 63,048 14, 170 Source: Primary census abstract 2011, district Shimoga, Karnataka
3.12.6 Literacy details According to census 2011, Shimoga district literacy rate is 72%. Overall study area literacy rate is 77% and illiteracy rate is 23%.Male literacy rate is 4% higher than female literacy. Zone wise literacy details are given in Table 3-29.
Table 3-29 Literacy details Female Zone in km Total Literate Male Literate Female Literate Total Illiterate Male Illiterate Illiterate 0-3 6286 3423 2863 3662 1590 2072 3-5 3630 2053 1577 1731 705 1026 5-7 16338 8929 7409 8638 3750 4888 7-10 269191 139913 129278 75269 33147 42122 0-10 295445 154318 141127 89300 39192 50108 Source: Primary census abstract 2011, district Shimoga, Karnataka
3.12.7 Employment pattern The economy of the district is mainly dependent on other workers. Out of total population in the study area total worker population is 1,46,229 (38%). Male workers are 1,12,721 (77%), and female workers are 33508 (23%).Out of total workers 1,35,224 (35%) are main workers and rest are marginal workers (3%).Total non-working population is 2,38,516(62%). Employment pattern is given in Table 3-30.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 156
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-30 Employment pattern details Zone in Total Total Marginal Total Workers Main Workers Non Workers km Male Workers Female Workers Workers 0-3 4421 3077 1344 3801 620 5527 3-5 2482 1740 742 1941 541 2879 5-7 10700 7595 3105 9522 1178 14276 7-10 128626 100309 28317 119960 8666 215834 0-10 1,46,229 1,12,721 33,508 1,35,224 11,005 2,38,516 Source: Primary census abstract 2011, district Shimoga, Karnataka
3.12.8 Main Worker employment pattern There are 4 types of main worker employment pattern. Out of total 1,35,224 main workers, cultivators are 10,531 (8%) and agricultural workers are 15070 (11%). Household industry workers are 3005 (2%) and other worker population is 106618(79%).The above given data indicated main economy of the study area is agriculture and agricultural labors plays a major role in main worker employment pattern. Employment pattern of workers are given in Table 3-31.
Table 3-31 Main workers employment pattern Main Main Household Industry Zone in km Main Agricultural Workers Main Other Population Cultivators Workers 0-3 1030 1527 35 1209 3-5 559 653 19 710 5-7 2776 4031 181 2534 7-10 6166 8859 2770 102165 0-10 10,531 15,070 3,005 1,06,618 Source: Primary census abstract 2011, district Shimoga, Karnataka
3.12.9 Infrastructure facilities The District Census Handbook (DCHB) is an important publication of the Census Organization. The scope and coverage of Village Directory of 2011 DCHB has been widened by including a number of new amenities in addition to those of 2001.
DCHB describes the availability or non-availability of amenities in the villages, its gives a view to know the condition of the villages. The infrastructure details of 76 villages in the study area are presented below.
3.12.9.1 Education Details
Out of 76 villages, 56 villages are availing primary school facility and in 35 villages middle schools are available. Secondary school facility is available in 10 villages
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 157
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
and Sr.secondary school is available in only in 2 village.2 ITI also available in the study area. Educational facilities in study area is given in Table 3-31.
Table 3-32 Education facilities in number of villages Govt Senior Govt Vocational Govt Secondary Zone Govt Primary School Govt Middle School Secondary Training School School School/ITI 0-3 11 6 1 0 0 3-5 7 3 0 0 0 5-7 17 12 5 2 2 7-10 21 14 4 0 0 0-10 56 35 10 2 2
3.12.9.2 Health facilities details
Heath care facilities are not adequate in the study area. There is 1 community health center, 3 primary health center is providing health care facilities, sub centers are available in 8 villages. Other medical facilities are medicine shops and traditional practitioner.6 medical shops are proving medicine facilities in the study area. There are 6 veterinary hospitals in study area. Details of healthcare facilities are given in Table 3-33.
Table 3-33 Health facilities in number of villages Maternity Medical Community Primary Primary Family And Child TB Veterinary facilities Zone Health Health Health Sub Dispensary Welfare Welfare Clinic Hospital Medicine Centre Centre Centre Centre Centre Shop 0-3 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 3-5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 5-7 1 2 3 2 2 1 3 3 6 7-10 0 1 3 1 1 2 2 3 0 0-10 1 3 8 3 3 4 6 8 6
3.12.9.3 Drinking water facility
Major drinking water source in the study area are tap water untreated, well water, hand pump and tube well water. Other sources are river and lake/pond water. Majority of the villages getting untreated water by tap water facility. Details of drinking water caility is given in Table 3-34.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 158
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 3-34 Drinking water facility in number of villages Tap Water- Tap Water Covered Uncovered Hand Tube Zone River/Canal Tank/Pond/Lake Treated Untreated Well Well Pump Wells/Borehole 0-3 2 9 1 14 15 8 1 8 3-5 2 7 1 9 11 7 0 4 5-7 5 15 2 18 21 17 3 9 7-10 3 20 0 21 26 17 1 12 0-10 12 51 4 62 73 49 5 33
3.12.9.4 Drainage facility
Out of 76 villages, there is no drainage facility in 23 villages. In some villages mixed drainage pattern is available in the form of open drainage, open kuccha drainage etc. Only in 8 villages closed drainage facility is availed. Details of drainage facility is given in Table 3-35.
Table 3-35 Drainage facilities in number of villages Open Pucca Open Pucca Closed Open Open Kuccha Zone No Drainage Drainage Covered Drainage Drainage Drainage Drainage with Tiles Slabs Uncovered 0-3 4 11 3 4 5 11 3-5 2 5 5 1 2 4 5-7 0 14 8 2 11 7 7-10 2 18 7 2 11 12 0-10 8 48 23 9 29 34
3.12.9.5 Communication facility
In 75 villages, landline and PCO facility is available. Sub post office facility is presented in 12 villages, 2 post offices also providing postal facilities in the villages. Details of communication facilities are given in Table 3-36.
Table 3-36 Communication facilities in number of villages Zone Post Office Sub Post Office Telephone Public Call Office 0-3 0 2 15 15 3-5 0 1 11 11 5-7 2 5 22 22 7-10 0 4 27 27 0-10 2 12 75 75
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 159
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.12.9.6 Transportation facility
Majority of the villages in the study area are connected through public & private bus service. In 3 village railway station service presented.Table 3-37 gives the transportation facilities in study area.
Table 3-37 Transportation facilities in number of villages Zone Public Bus Service Private Bus Service Railway Station Auto/ Modified Autos 0-3 7 9 2 5 3-5 4 9 0 1 5-7 19 13 1 5 7-10 17 18 0 1 0-10 47 49 3 12
3.12.9.7 Road facility
64 villages are connected by pucca road, internal roads are kuchha road and footpath facility is available in 75 villages. Details of road facilities in study area is given in Table 3-38.
Table 3-38 Road facilities in number of villages Zone Black Topped (pucca) Road Gravel (kuchha) Roads Footpath 0-3 14 15 15 3-5 8 11 11 5-7 21 22 22 7-10 21 27 27 0-10 64 75 75
3.12.9.8 Banking facility
All types of banking facility is available in the study area. 3 commercial bank and 5 cooperative banks are providing banking facilities to the study area villages. Banks available in the study area are given in Table 3-39.
Table 3-39 Banking facilities in number of villages Zone Commercial Bank Cooperative Bank 0-3 0 1 3-5 0 0 5-7 2 3 7-10 1 1 0-10 3 5
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 160
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
3.12.9.9 Recreation facilities
Recreation facilities are very less in the study area. Only newspaper facility is available in 61 villages and public library in 15 villages. Sports field and sports club is available only in 1 village.Table 3-30 give the details of recreational facility available in the study area.
Table 3-40 Recreational facilities in number of villages Community Centre Sports Club/Recreation Daily Newspaper Zone Sports Field Public Library with TV Centre Supply 0-3 0 0 0 1 12 3-5 0 0 0 0 10 5-7 1 1 1 9 20 7-10 0 0 0 5 19 0-10 1 1 1 15 61
3.12.10 Conclusion
Employment opportunities will be generated in both construction and operation phase, increased employment opportunities will help to improve quality of life of the surrounding villages. CSR activities by KIADB will definitely help in village development.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 161
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 162
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
4.1 Impact Identification& Evaluation Once identified anticipated impacts are analyzed and evaluated based on available information, the method used for evaluating the overall importance of impacts is based on four fundamental criteria: Nature (positive or negative, and direct or indirect); Duration (temporary or permanent); Area extent (regional, local, or isolated); and Intensity (low, moderate, or high).
These criteria enable the determinationof the overall importance or significance (low, moderate, or strong negative/positive) of each impact identified. Even if a particular evaluation is merely based on a value judgment rather than quantitative data that is not available, the methodology enables the establishment of acceptable levels and defines necessary mitigation and monitoring measures to minimize or eliminate impacts.
4.1.1 Nature of impact Nature of the impact can be described as positive or negative. Positive impacts enhance the quality or facilitate access to baseline socioeconomic and environmental elements as described in the above chapter, while negative impacts degrade their quality.
Impacts are also described as direct or indirect. A direct impact appears as an immediate result of a project activity, such as the damage to vegetation caused by the development of project land. An indirect impact arises from a project activity at the secondary level, such as the enhanced opportunities for economic development enabled by the project.
4.1.2 Duration of impact The duration of an impact can be temporary or permanent. Careful attention has been made to distinguish between the duration and the source of the impact. For example, a source of impact of short duration (such as turbidity of river water caused by storm runoff from the construction site during construction) can exert an impact of permanent duration on the downstream environment (sedimentation of the riverbed). The presence and operation of the infrastructure works generally impose impacts of permanent duration. The duration of impact can be classified as below: Construction Phase: 2 – 3 years;
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 163
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
The immediate community within the radius of 5 km may be affected. However the impact will be mainly as below: Traffic Impacts: Caused by vehicular movement of men, materials and machineries. Air quality impacts: Due to construction activities viz. dust and particulates Water Quality impacts: Due to runoff duringrainy time. Sewage generation and its disposal. Noise Quality impacts: Caused by vehicular movement of men, materials and machineries.
4.1.3 Area extent of impact The aerial extent of an impact refers to its area of influence and can be regional, local, or isolated to a particularly small and well defined area. An impact of regional extent exerts an influence far beyond the surroundings of the project area. And lastly, an isolated impact is limited in extent to a small, readily defined area or experienced by a small number of individuals.
4.1.4 Intensity of impact The intensity of an impact concerns the scale or size of the impact on socioeconomic and environmental elements such as the productivity of natural habitat, a community, or the utilization of resources. Intensity is evaluated as low, moderate or high. Impacts are evaluated as a function of how they affect the overall integrity of elements and their vulnerability to degradation or loss in value.
4.2 Construction Phase
Impact assessment during the construction phase of the project is of importance as the construction activities lead to adverse effects on the environment on a short term basis. The major activities that are undertaken during this phase are civil works, mechanical works, machinery works and transportation works.
During the construction phase, the following activities among many are considered to be important towards creating environmental impacts:
Site preparation (fencing, boundary & clearing of site). Excavation, backfilling and levelling Hauling and dumping of earth materials & construction spoils. Foundation works.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 164
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Fabrication erection of Steel structures such as, Tanks, Pipelines and Sheds. Construction of internal roads drains & water supply. Painting and finishing. Cleaning, landscapingand plantations.
4.2.1 Land Environment
4.2.1.4 Impacts The activities carried out during the construction phase will involve a change in the land use from vacant land to a built up industrial land, which will pose the following impacts on the land environment.
1. Compaction of soil and a change in the soil structure due to the use of heavy construction vehicles and machineries. 2. Removal of soil from the site. 3. Mixing of the topsoil and subsoil. 4. Dispersion of dust.
4.2.1.5 Mitigation Measures
1. Restricting access during wet conditions, using protective boarding and low ground pressure machineries will minimize compaction of soil. 2. The removed soil will be properly stored for subsequent reinstatement. 3. Reuse of excess excavated material for road development, green belt development and landscaping. 4. A well designed closed depository for storage of construction materials to prevent land/soil pollution. 5. Effective stabilization of altered landforms to minimize soil erosion and the potential for water pollution (e.g. vegetation). 6. Reuse of construction wastes such as sand, brick, gravel, cement for developing internal road and project structures.
4.2.2 Air Environment
4.2.2.4 Impacts Activities like site clearance, site levelling, movements of workers and material, construction of road, transportation will generate dust, gaseous pollutants and particulate matter and affect the air quality. Other impacts include -
1. Site Preparation-fencing the boundary and clearing of site will cause disturbance to the surroundings.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 165
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
2. Excavation, backfilling and levelling. 3. Hauling and dumping of earth materials and construction spoils. 4. Foundation works can cause dust generation which will decrease the air quality and it can impact the labours working. 5. Emission from Construction DG & Construction equipments.
4.2.2.5 Mitigation Measures
1. Barricading the construction area and minimizing exposed areas to reduce dust generation. 2. Areas generating dust during dry weather will be sprayed with water. 3. Creation of vegetation screens to act as a barrier to dust. 4. Appropriate enclosed areas for storage of construction materials. 5. Facilitating the workers with required Personal Protective Equipments. 6. Efficient usage and maintenance of equipment’s/machineries to lower air emissions, noise pollution and consumption of energy resource. 7. Exhaust vent of DG set will be provided with adequate stack height to ensure quick dispersal of gaseous emissions. 8. Periodic monitoring and maintenance of transport vehicles to check on the quality of emission to be within permissible limits and consumption of fuel. 9. Regular inspection of construction site to ensure timely removal and disposal of construction debris to the dumping sites or for recycle/reuse.
4.2.3 Water Environment
4.2.3.4 Impacts 1. Contamination of watercourses by spillage of fuel and materials storage areas. 2. Oil and suspended solids in run-off from vehicles and access roads. 3. Use of heavy machineries and vehicles causes compaction of topsoil due to which a change in the surface water drainage pattern may occur. 4. Generation of sewage.
4.2.3.5 Mitigation measures
1. Impenetrable lining will be provided to storage premises to avoid accidental mixing or leakage. 2. Storehouse will be located at a distance away from the water storage area to prevent accidental release or spillage. 3. Proper management of rain water run-off during monsoon by creating bunds to utilize the rain water for construction purpose.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 166
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4. Sewage will be treated in mobile STP and treated sewage will be recycled for green belt during construction phase.
4.2.4 Noise Environment
4.2.4.4 Impacts During construction phase, noise will mostly be generated from building activities and machineries used for carrying out construction. Construction activities mainly involve diesel generators, laying of foundation, erection of superstructure, clearing of obstruction and trees if any from the proposed area. Activities such as construction of labour camps, onsite office, pneumatic hammers, compressors, concrete mixers, construction material plants however does not cause significant noise pollution but if the work continuous for longer duration, it can affect the health of local people and workers involved in the project.
4.2.4.5 Mitigation Measures
1. Selection of equipment’s of high quality. 2. Proper planning and organizing construction activities by avoiding loud verbal exchanges between the intervening parties. 3. Transportation activities will be carried out only during the day and only in case of emergency, the transportation activities will be permitted during night time. 4. The vehicles used for construction activities and transportation of materials will be provided with the horn of low noise level as recommended by RTO/ concerned authorities. 5. Minimising operation time of noisy equipment and operation of machineries/equipment that generate high levels of noise only during day time. 6. Inadequate use of plant and equipment, namely, running on full power when the work does not necessitate will be avoided. 7. Personal Protective Equipment’s, education and public awareness and exposure control through rotation of work will be provided to the workers engaged in construction activities in the area generating high levels of noise. 8. Development of green belt during construction stage itself.
4.2.5 Waste Generation
4.2.5.4 Impacts
The source of waste are metal pieces, cardboards, wooden scrap, sand, gravels etc., generation of chemical waste by general site practices (e.g. vehicle and plant maintenance/servicing), municipal waste generated by site workers.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 167
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.2.5.5 Mitigation measures 1. Recycling/reusing/recovering materials where possible and thereby reducing the disposal requirements. 2. Separation of construction material for reuse- either to be used on onsite filling or can be used as public fill. 3. Training the staff in waste minimizing practices. 4. Chemical waste should be stored in separate area having impermeable lining, so as to avoid leaching of harmful chemicals in the soil or nearby water bodies (If any).
4.2.6 Construction Waste Management
The contractor will prepare a site waste management plan prior to commencement of construction work. This should include the designation of appropriate waste storage areas, collection and removal schedule, identification of approved disposal site, and a system for supervision and monitoring. Preparation and implementation of the plan must be made the responsibility of the building contractor with the system being monitored independently.
Special attention will be given to minimizing and reducing the quantities of solid waste produced during site preparation and construction. To reduce organic waste, softer vegetation may be composted onsite and used for soil amendment during landscaping.
Most of the construction materials like soil, bricks, concrete will be reused in the backfilling, road construction, sub-grade preparation works etc. Metals, wood scraps & bitumen junks will be used for road laying purpose or disposed outside as per C&D Waste Management Rules, 2016. The measures like reusing materials on-site and /or donating /selling salvaged items reduces waste, virgin material use and disposal cost.
Vegetation and combustible waste will not be burnt on the site.
Excavated sand will be stockpiled away from drainage features and used for in filling where necessary.
Unusable construction waste, such as damaged pipes, formwork and other construction material, will be disposed off at an approved dumpsite.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 168
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.2.7 Ecology
4.2.7.4 Impacts
The impacts on terrestrial wildlife in the project area are considered minor as little to no loss of natural habitat will occur. Continued road construction to access the project site will temporarily increase sediment loading to the water bodies. However, given that the exposed embankments, are currently contributing sediment loading to the water bodies, the additional amount from construction activities is relatively small.
4.2.7.5 Mitigation measures
Minimising erosion and vegetation loss, and protecting nearby water bodies will help minimize impacts to wildlife, habitat, and biodiversity.
4.2.8 Social environment
This new project will have employment opportunity for 100 persons during construction phase and 6200 persons during operation phase. Additional employment opportunity for product dealers and distributors, and transport sectors for product movements will increase the employment opportunity indirectly.
4.2.9 Health & safety measures during construction phase Construction related activities will be confined only to project site area, hence no health related impacts are envisaged within the project influenced area during the construction stage and will be limited to occupant levels. At the project site much direct exposure to dust generation and high noise generation sources likely to cause occupant health related impact such as asthma, bronchitis and Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) etc. on the construction workers. In order to offset such effects, proper drinking water, sanitation and first aid facility will be provided at the construction site, with trained shift supervisors, to ensure minimum adverse occupational health impacts on the construction workers
4.3 Operational Phase
From an environmental perspective, this phase is of paramount significance due to its potential to invoke long-term impacts. The adverse effects that are likely to occur during this operational phase of the project are: Air Pollution (gaseous emissions), Effluent generation, Noise generation, Solid waste generation etc.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 169
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.3.1 Land Environment Present land use of the site is Fallow land. There will be permanent change in land use to Industrial use.
4.3.1.4 Impact due to discharges on Land Discharge of untreated sewage, effluent and solid waste will have adverse impact on the land
4.3.1.5 Mitigation Measures Periodic maintenance and checking of wastewater conveyance pipelines sewage generated in the Industrial area will be treated inCommon STP and treated sewage will be recycled for green belt development. Effluent will be treated in CETP and Zero Liquid discharge system will be proposed There will be institutional arrangement to check the efficiency of Zero Liquid Discharge. Treated wastewater quality shall be ensured as per standards before using it for various requirements. Municipal solid wastes will be segregated by individual industries and organic waste will be composted in the Solid waste management area and used for green belt development. Inorganic wastes will be sold to authorised recyclers. Individual industries will have their own hazardous waste storage areas and the hazardous wastes generated will be disposed as per Hazardous waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary movement) amendment Rules 2016. Good housekeeping and best practices of waste handling shall be adopted to eliminate/minimize the risks of soil contamination.
4.3.2 Air Environment
Baseline data reveals that ambient air quality in the study area for the Parameters PM10,
PM2.5, SO2, NO2, are well within the permissible limits as prescribed in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for Industrial Area, Residential, Rural & Other areas.
The major air pollutant from the proposed activity will be PM, SO2, NOx and CO emissions.
4.3.2.1 Meteorological Data The meteorological data for a month, i.e. from 01/01/2020 to 31/03/2020 was considered for the study. Data included for AERMET were daily wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, precipitation, and solar radiation recorded during the period. AERMET reformats meteorological data so that it can be
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 170
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
used as input for AERMOD model. Meteorology considered for modelling is shown below in Figure 4-1.
4.3.2.2 AERMET Process For the 3 phase AERMET processing of the meteorological data, specifications of the land use in the area are required to determine the terrain roughness for modelling. The land use was characterized for in and around the site. The surface characteristics for the site and surroundings were selected and used to calculate the Albedo, Bowen ratio and surface roughness parameters.
4.3.2.3 AERMOD Process AERMOD Software Version 8.0.5 was used for air dispersion modelling and is applicable to a wide range of buoyant or neutrally buoyant emissions up to a range of 50 km. In addition to more straight forward cases, AERMOD is also suitable for complex terrain and urban dispersion scenarios.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 171
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
AERMOD is a steady-state plume model. In the stable boundary layer (SBL), it assumes the concentration distribution to be Gaussian in both the vertical and horizontal. In the Convective Boundary Layer (CBL), the horizontal distribution is also assumed to be Gaussian, but the vertical distribution is described with a bi-Gaussian probability density function (pdf). This behavior of the concentration distributions in the CBL was demonstrated by Willis and Deardorff (1981) and Briggs (1993). Additionally, in the CBL, AERMOD treats “plume lofting,” whereby a portion of plume mass, released from a buoyant source, rises to and remains near the top of the boundary layer before becoming mixed into the CBL. AERMOD also tracks any plume mass that penetrates into the elevated stable layer, and then allows it to re-enter the boundary layer when and if appropriate. For sources in both the CBL and the SBL AERMOD treats the enhancement of lateral dispersion resulting from plume meander. The emissions from proposed stacks are estimated and used for the air dispersion modeling as shown in
Table 4-1(controlled emissions). Maximum incremental values for PM, SO2 and NOx have been represented as pictorial concentration contours and as tabular concentration values in following sections.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 172
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 4-1Proposed Stack Emissions Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 1. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 2. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 3. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 4. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 5. Boiler 500 Kg/hr Textile 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 6. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 7. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 8. Boiler 750 Kg/Hr 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x30 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 9. Boiler 750 Kg/Hr 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x30 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 10. Boiler 750 Kg/Hr 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x30 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 11. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 12. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 13. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 14. Boiler 500 Kg/hr Textile 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 173
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 1x10 kVA DG 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 15. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 16. Boiler 500 Kg/hr 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x10 kVA DG Textile 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 17. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 18. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 19. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 20. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 21. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 22. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 23. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 24. 1x5 kVA Textile 11 0.3 10 220 6.11E-05 3.67E-05 5.69E-05 8.70E-04 Furnace750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 25. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Secondary 26. Kg/Hr Metallurgical 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr processing 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x30 kVA Secondary 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 27. Furnace 750 Metallurgical Kg/Hr processing 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 28. 1x30 kVA Secondary 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 174
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX Furnace 750 Metallurgical Kg/Hr processing 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 29. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 30. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 31. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 32. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 33. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 34. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Secondary 35. Kg/Hr Metallurgical 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 750 Kg/Hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 36. Metallurgical 1x30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 37. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 38. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 175
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX Furnace 1x500 Secondary 39. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 40. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 41. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 42. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 43. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 44. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 45. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 46. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x18 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 2.20E-04 1.32E-04 2.05E-04 3.13E-03 Furnace 1x500 Secondary 47. kg/hr Metallurgical 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 1x500 kg/hr processing 13 1.2 10 260 0.032 0.0192 0.226 0.104 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 48. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 176
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 49. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 50. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 51. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 52. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 53. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 54. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 Furnace 800 kg/hr Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 55. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 800 kg/hr Furnace Secondary 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 56. Metallurgical 1x 30 kVA processing 11 0.3 10 220 3.67E-04 2.20E-04 3.42E-04 5.22E-03 1 TPH Furnace Secondary 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 57. Metallurgical 1x70 kVA processing 12 0.3 10 220 8.56E-04 5.13E-04 7.97E-04 1.22E-02 1 TPH Furnace Secondary 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 58. Metallurgical 1x70 kVA processing 12 0.3 10 220 8.56E-04 5.13E-04 7.97E-04 1.22E-02 59. 1 TPH Furnace Secondary 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x70 kVA Metallurgical 12 0.3 10 220 8.56E-04 5.13E-04 7.97E-04 1.22E-02
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 177
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX processing 1 TPH Furnace Secondary 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 60. Metallurgical 1x70 kVA processing 12 0.3 10 220 8.56E-04 5.13E-04 7.97E-04 1.22E-02 1 TPH Furnace Secondary 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 61. Metallurgical 1 TPH Furnace processing 16 0.3 10 220 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1 TPH Furnace Secondary 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 62. Metallurgical 1x70 kVA processing 12 0.3 10 220 8.56E-04 5.13E-04 7.97E-04 1.22E-02 3 TPH Furnace Secondary 23 1.2 10 260 0.194 0.1164 1.354 0.625 63. Metallurgical 1x275 processing 14 0.3 10 220 3.36E-03 2.02E-03 3.13E-03 4.79E-02 64. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 65. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 66. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 67. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 68. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 69. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 70. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 71. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 178
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 72. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x10 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.22E-04 7.33E-05 1.14E-04 1.74E-03 73. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 74. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 75. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Forging of metals 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 76. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 77. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 78. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 79. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 80. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 81. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 82. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 83. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 84. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 85. 300 kg hr Furnace Foundry 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 179
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 1x15 kVA 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 86. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 87. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 88. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 89. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 90. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 91. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 92. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 93. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 94. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 95. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 96. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 97. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 98. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 180
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 99. 1x15 kVA 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 300 kg hr Furnace Foundry 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 100. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 101. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 102. 300 kg hr Furnace 11 1.2 10 260 0.016 0.0096 0.113 0.052 1x15 kVA Foundry 11 0.3 10 220 1.83E-04 1.10E-04 1.71E-04 2.61E-03 103. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 104. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 105. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 106. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 107. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 108. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 109. 1 TPH furnace 16 1.2 10 260 0.065 0.039 0.451 0.208 1x50 kVA Foundry 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 110. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 111. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 112. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 181
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 113. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 114. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 115. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 116. 1x50 kVA Fabriaction 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 117. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 118. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 119. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 120. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 121. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 122. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 123. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 124. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 125. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 126. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 127. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 128. 1x50 kVA Fabrication 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 129. 800 kg/Hr boiler Soaps, detergents and 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x50 kVA cosmetics 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 130. 800 kg/Hr boiler Soaps, detergents and 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x50 kVA cosmetics 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 131. 800 kg/Hr boiler Soaps, detergents and 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x50 kVA cosmetics 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 132. 800 kg/Hr boiler Soaps, detergents and 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x50 kVA cosmetics 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 133. 800 kg/Hr boiler Soaps, detergents and 15 1.2 10 260 0.049 0.0294 0.339 0.156 1x50 kVA cosmetics 12 0.3 10 220 6.11E-04 3.67E-04 5.69E-04 8.70E-03 134. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 182
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Stack Details Emission (g/s) Exit Velocity S.No Stack details Industry Type Height (m) Dia. (m) (m/s) Temp (°C) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOX 135. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 136. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 137. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 138. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 139. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 140. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 141. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 142. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 143. Soaps, detergents and 1x25 kVA cosmetics 11 0.3 10 220 3.06E-04 1.83E-04 2.85E-04 4.35E-03 144. 2TPH boiler 20 1.2 10 260 1.30E-01 7.80E-02 9.03E-01 4.17E-01 1x150 kVA Auto complex 13 0.3 10 220 1.83E-03 1.10E-03 1.71E-03 2.61E-02 145. 1x 500 kVA Common amenities 15 0.3 10 220 6.11E-03 3.67E-03 5.69E-03 8.70E-02 1x250 kVA Common amenities 13 0.3 10 220 3.06E-03 1.83E-03 2.85E-03 4.35E-02 146. 147. 1x250 kVA Common amenities 13 0.3 10 220 3.06E-03 1.83E-03 2.85E-03 4.35E-02 Total(g/s) 4.11082222 2.4664933 28.2915389 13.89674 Note :
1. Boiler, Furnaces and DG are considered as sources for this project. Furnace capacity,Boiler capacity and DG capacity is assumed based on the plot size. 2. HSD is assumed as fuel for DG. 3. Anthracite coal is assumed as fuel for Boiler and furnace with ash content as 35% and sulphur content as 0.5%. 4. Fuel requirement of Boiler and furnace is assumed as follows: i. 300 kg/hr Boiler / Furnace= 1 Tons per day of coal Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 183
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020 ii. 500 kg/hr Boiler / Furnace= 2 Tons per day of coal iii.750 kg/hr Boiler/ Furnace = 3 Tons per day of coal iv. 800 kg/hr Boiler Furnace = 3 Tons per day of coal v. 1 TPH Boiler / Furnace = 4 Tons per day of coal v. 2 TPH Boiler = 8 Tons per day of coal vi. 3 TPH Boiler = 12 Tons per day of coal 5. Cyclone separator followed by Bag filter is given as APC for boiler and furnace with control efficiency of 90%. 6. Boiler height is calculated based on the formula: 0.3 H = 14 Q where,Q = Sulphur dioxide (SO2) emission rate in kg/hr. 7. DG height is calculated based on the formula: Height of building is assumed as 10mDG Stack Height (H) = Height of the building (h) x 0.2 SQRT(DG set capacity in KVA)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 184
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 4-1Predicted 24 hrs GLC’s of PM within 10 km radius of the Study area
Table 4-2 Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of PM obtained through Modeling Direction from UTM coordinates (m) Conc. Distance from Centre of S. No Centre of (µg/m3) Project SIte (~Km) E N Project Site 1. 556458 1547455 7.59534 1 E 2. 551458 1547455 6.52722 4 W 3. 553458 1548455 6.22777 2.24 WNW 4. 553458 1549455 5.11376 2.82 NW 5. 547458 1547455 4.85822 8 W 6. 552458 1546455 4.7677 3.16 WSW 7. 549458 1547455 4.59195 6 W 8. 552458 1545455 4.58043 3.60 WSW 9. 552458 1548455 4.5359 3.16 WNW 10. 551458 1543455 4.47827 5.64 SW
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 185
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 4-2 Predicted 24-Hrs’ GLC’s of SO2 within 10 km Radius of the Study Area
Table 4-3Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations of SO2 obtained through Modeling
Distance from Direction from UTM coordinates (m) Conc. S. No Centre of Project Centre of Project (µg/m3) E N SIte (~Km) Site 1. 556458 1547455 52.39659 1 E 2. 551458 1547455 45.30149 4 W 3. 553458 1548455 43.28225 2.24 WNW 4. 553458 1549455 35.71962 2.82 NW 5. 547458 1547455 33.46274 8 W 6. 552458 1546455 32.6493 3.16 WSW 7. 552458 1545455 31.86507 3.60 WSW 8. 549458 1547455 31.7917 6 W 9. 552458 1548455 31.62406 3.16 WNW 10. 551458 1543455 31.13378 5.64 SW
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 186
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 4-3 Predicted 24-Hrs GLC’s of NOx within 10 km Radius of the Study Area
Table 4-4Estimated Top 10 Highest Concentrations ofNOx obtained through Modeling Distance from Direction from UTM coordinates (m) Conc. S. No Centre of Project Centre of (µg/m3) E N SIte (~Km) Project Site 1. 556458 1547455 25.82403 1 E 2. 551458 1547455 21.32418 4 W 3. 553458 1548455 20.22527 2.24 WNW 4. 553458 1549455 16.50734 2.82 NW 5. 552458 1546455 16.4594 3.16 WSW 6. 547458 1547455 16.40314 8 W 7. 549458 1547455 15.17476 6 W 8. 552458 1545455 14.83402 3.60 WSW 9. 552458 1548455 14.61639 3.16 WNW 10. 551458 1543455 14.58534 5.64 SW
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 187
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.3.2.4 Conclusion
It was observed that the maximum concentration due to proposed project for PM, SO2 3 3 3 and NOx are 7.59 µg/m , 52.39 µg/m and 25.82 µg/m respectively. So it can be concluded that even after establishment of the Industrial Area, the impact envisaged is minimum.The total increase in concentrations above baseline status due to proposed stacks is estimated and the percentage increase is summarized inTable 4-5. Table 4-5Total Maximum GLCs from the proposed Stack Emissions (Controlled) Max. Base NAAQ Estimated Incremental Pollutant line Conc. Total Conc. (µg/m3) standard % increase Conc. (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) PM10 61.01 7.59 68.6 100 12.5
SO2 13.03 52.39 65.4 80 402.1
NOx 26.55 25.82 52.4 80 97.3 From the above table, it is evident that due to the emissions from the proposed project,
the total Concentrations for PM, SO2 and NOx are well within the NAAQ Standards. For Modelling purpose, Anthracite Coal was used as fuel for both boilers and Furnaces to identify the worst case scenario. It is recommended to use Natural Gas/ Bio briquettes as fuel for boilers and propose
electric furnaces to further reduce the SO2 and NOx emissions from the project.
4.3.2.5 Mitigation Measures Individual industries will be mandated to provide proper stack height for DG sets as per CPCB/ KSPCB guidelines. Industries proposing coal/ briquette fired boilers will be mandated to provide cyclone separator followed by bag filter followed by proper stack height as air pollution control measures. Industries proposing furnaces will be mandated to provide Spark arrestor and bag filter systems Ambient air quality monitoring will be carried out regularly at selected locations in order to check and compare the predicted concentrations with the measured concentrations. NAAQS exceedance if any may be checked thoroughly and adequacy /Performance of Air Pollution Control measures shall be reviewed. Water sprinkling will be carried out on road surfaces in the project area. Adequate Greenbelt width is proposed. Trucks with cargo susceptible for fugitive suspension will be covered with tarpaulin. All the vehicles will be periodically checked to ensure compliance to the emission standards.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 188
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
In addition, EMC will ensure that individual industries provide essential pollution control measures as per CPCB /KSPCB guidelines.
4.3.3 Traffic and Transport Approach road to the site is NH-206, connecting Chittoor and Honnavar. Google image of road connectivity to the site is given in Figure 4-4. Table 4-6 gives the existing and proposed vehicyular movement due to the project and Table 4-7 gives the traffic volume due to the proposed project. Table 4-8 gives the traffic Categorisation.
Figure 4-4Google image showing site connectivity
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 189
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 4-6Existing and proposed vehicular movement
Total Existing Existing PCU Total PCU vehicles after S. vehicles PCU at Proposed Proposed Factors after project Type of Vehicle project No at Peak peak vehicles PCU IRC (SP implementatio implementati hour hour 41) n on 1 Two wheeler 10 7.5 100 75 110 0.75 82.5 2 3Wheeler 10 12 30 36 40 1.2 48 3 4 Wheeler/cars 10 10 50 50 60 1 60 4 Trucks/Bus 4 8.8 30 66 34 2.2 74.8 5 Agri. tractor 0 0 1 4 1 4 4 Light 6 commercial 0 0 20 28 20 1.4 28 vehicle Total 34 38.3 231 259 265 297.3
Table 4-7Traffic volume after implementation of the project For the Volume of Capacity LOS Traffic Volume (V) V/C Ratio Road Traffic (C) Category* Classification Existing 34 38.3 2400 0.02 A Free Traffic Flow After project 265 297.3 2400 0.12 A Free Traffic Flow implementation
Table 4-8 Categorisation of traffic V/C LOS Performance 0.00-0.2 A Excellent 0.2-0.4 B Very Good 0.4-0.6 C Good 0.6-0.8 D Fair/Average 0.8-1.0 E Poor 1.0 & Above F Very Poor
From the above tables, it is very clear that after implementation of the project, the traffic flow is free flow. Hence there will not be any impact on traffic due to proposed project.
4.3.4 Noise Environment The impacts of the proposed project on the noise levels of the surrounding areas were assessed. Allequipments in the plant is designed/operated to have a noise level not exceeding 85 to 90 dB(A) as per the requirement of Occupational Health and Safety Administration Standard (OHSAS). In addition, since most of the noise generating equipment would be in closed structures, the noise transmitted outside would be still lower.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 190
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.3.4.1 Impact
Noise generation sources during operation phase is classified into two categories:
Stationary sources due to operation of heavy duty machineies at the project site like Boilers, Compressors, DG sets, Pumps etc. Mobile sources correspondes to mainly vehicular traffic for staff mobilization, materials, material transportation, liquid fuel transportation to project site, etc. Vibrations are expected to be generated by various activities associated with the proposed project during operational phase. The impact of vibrations beyond the site would be negligible during normal operation phase. However, the impacts on workers engaged in the plant area would be considerable due to occupational exposure. The proposed fixed major equipment/units such as boiler house, compressors, pumps, DG sets etc., also generate vibrations during operational phase and may cause exposures to the workers/operators engaged at these units.
4.3.4.2 Mitigation Measures
The major noise generating equipment like Compressors, DG sets, Boiler Feed water pumps etc. will be enclosed in an acoustic enclosure designed for an insertion loss of 25 dB (A) and silencers to other equipment etc. Major noise generating equipment will be designed with 85 dB (A) ensuring cumulative noise at 1.0 m remains at 85 dB (A). The occupational noise exposure to the workers in the form of eight hourly time weighted average will be maintained well within the prescribed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard limits. Acoustic silencers will be provided in equipment wherever necessary. Acoustic design with sound proof glass panelling will be provided for critical operator cabins / control rooms of individual modules as well as central control facilities. Use of personal protective equipments/devices such as ear-muffs, ear plugs etc. will be strictly enforced for the workers engaged in high noise areas. Periodic maintenance of the equipment to be used in the developmental works will be carried out. Worn out parts will be replaced and rotating parts will be lubricated to minimise noise emissions. Implementation of greenbelt for noise attenuationundertaken: shrub plantation; landscaping with horticulture; and Tree plantation at vehicle parking areas.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 191
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Ambient noise levels will be monitored at regular intervals during operational phase of the project. Low vibration generating machines/equipment will be selected to meet international standards and foundations will be so designed to minimise vibrations and secured properly. Vibration generating sources and their platforms should be maintained properly to minimize vibrations and related impacts. Various standards pertaining to vibrations are formulated by statutory bodies like Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS), which is being practiced would be continued to mitigate the workers’ health effects due to vibrations. Vibration dampers will be provided around the source of generation. Transportation Management Plan will be prepared and the transportation of raw materials and finished goods will be planned in line with the same.
4.3.5 Water Environment The Total waterrequirement is 2709 KLD and fresh water requirement is 1681.5 KLD. Fresh waterduringtheoperationphasewillbe met from Tungabhadra River, which is around 10 Km from project site. Sewage generation of243 KLD, which will be treated inCommon STP of, treated sewage of 243 KLD will be recycled for green belt development . The effluent generation of 798 KLD will be treated in CETP of 1000 KLD, treated effluent of 484.5 KLD will be reused for utilities and process.
4.3.5.1 Impact due to Waste Water Generation The untreated wastewater if discharged into nearby surface water may affect the surface water and/or if disposed off on land without treatment may pollute the ground and surface water. The domestic sewage generation is 243 KLD and the effluent generation is 798 KLD
4.3.5.2 Mitigation Measures Sewage generation of 243 KLD, which will be treated in Common STP of, treated sewage of 243 KLD will be recycled for green belt development . The effluent generation of 798 KLD will be treated in CETP of 1000 KLD, treated effluent of 484.5 KLD will be reused for utilities and process. The characteristics of raw and treated sewage is given in Table 4-9 and the Process flow diagram for Common STP is given in Figure 4-5. Specifications of 300 KLD CSTP is enclosed as Annexure-5.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 192
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 4-9 Characteristics of raw and treated sewage S No Description Unit STP Inlet STP Outlet UF Outlet 1 pH - 7-8 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 2 TSS mg/l 150-200 <30 <5 3 BOD mg/l 300-350 <20 <10 4 COD mg/l 400-500 <250 <150
Figure 4-5 Process Flow Diagram for Common STP
Since different types of industries are proposed, the industries will be mandated to have a primary treatment to send the effluent to CETP. The characteristics of effluent let to CETP and treated effluent is given in Table 4-10 and the process flow diagram for CETP is given in Figure 4-6. The specifications of 1000 KLD CETP is enclosed as Annexure-6.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 193
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 4-10 Characteristics of CETP inlet and outlet S No Description Unit CETP Inlet CETP Outlet RO Outlet 1 pH - 5.5 -9.0 6.5-9.0 6.5-9.0 2 TDS mg/l 1800- 2200 2100 <200 3 TSS mg/l 1000 <30 <0.1 4 BOD mg/l 800-1200 <20 <10 5 COD mg/l 4000-6000 <100 <50
Figure 4-6 Process flow diagram for CETP 4.3.6 Solid waste management
4.3.6.1 Impacts
During operation phase the type of solid wastes generatedcan be broadly categorized as Hazardous Waste and Municipal Solid Waste. Further, the generated Municipal Solid Waste generation includesbiodegradable, recyclable and inert compounds.
If the solid waste generated is not properly managed and disposed in unauthorised manner, it will impact soil quality, groundwater and air quality.
Municipal Solid waste generated from operation phase is estimated as 2790 Kg/day.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 194
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
4.3.6.2 Mitigation Measures
The Source of Municipal waste in the Industrial Area will be from the domestic use and strict guidelines will be put in place in order to manage the solid waste generation during operation phase will be segregated to organic and inorganic wastes. The organic waste will be composted at site and used for green belt developmentand inorganic waste will be sold to authorized vendor by individual industries. As a provision to have in house and independent Solid Waste Management facility 1.0 Acre has been earmarked for Solid Waste Management Facility. KIADB through tender will identify agencies for the establishment of Municipal Solid Waste Management facility on BOOT basis. Hazardous waste generated from the process will be stored in a separate hazardous waste storage area and properly disposed as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016 by individual industries. The hazardous wastes would be stored in HDPE drums and disposed for recycling/TSDF facility. Discarded drums and containers will be handed over to authorized recyclers. Used oil from the DG set will be collected in leak proof sealed barrels and disposed to KSPCB authorized recyclers. Individual industries should adopt cleaner technology and waste minimization techniques to reduce the generation of solid and hazardous waste. The proponent will strictly comply with the rules and regulations with regard to handling and disposal of hazardous wastes in accordance with the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016. The workers handling the solid and hazardous waste should wear gumboots and safety hand gloves. Explosive and combustible waste will be placed separately far from other wastes and in a closed container/ cover. Individual industries will obtain authorization for collection, storage and disposal of hazardous waste under the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016., for management of hazardous waste and prior permission from KSPCB shall be obtained for disposal of solid hazardous waste to the TSDF. Sludge from CETP will be stored and disposed to nearby TSDF sites.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 195
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Strict guidelines will be put in place in order to manage the solid waste generation during the operational phase of the development. The main goals of the guidelines will be to ensure adopting recycling techniques and encouraging sorting of solid waste at source into organic and inorganic wastes. Waste management concept is given inFigure 4-7.
Figure 4-7 Waste Management Concept 4.3.7 Biological Environment
4.3.7.1 Impact on Migratory Paths for Wildlife and Forest Blocks
There is Shettihalli Wildlife sanctuary/Anesara RF at a distance of 1.81 km towards SW from the project site. If the emissions, wastewater and solid wastes generated from theIndustrial area are not managedproperly, it will affect the flora and fauna in the Shettihalli Wildlife sanctuary.
4.3.7.2 Mitigation Measures Water environment- The water will be sourced from Tungabhadra riverthrough pipelines. There is no extraction of ground water and the local community will not be affected Effluent will be treated in CETP and treated effluent will be utilized for process and utility. Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) will be implemented. So there is minimum impact in soil and ground water. Sewage will be treated in CSTP. The treated sewage will be used for Green belt development within the proposed industrial area
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 196
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Storm water will be managed and controlled within the premises and utilized for rain water harvesting. The excess flow will be diverted to nearest lake / pond. Air Pollution: Individual industries will be mandated to provide Air Pollution control measures for dispersion of flue gases as per CPCB/ KSPCB guidelines. Solid and Hazardous waste: Individual industries will segregate their solid waste. Organic waste will be composted in common municipal waste processing area and converted into manure. Inorganic waste will be disposed to KSPCB authorized recyclers. Hazardous waste will be disposed to KSPCB authorized TSDF/recyclers as applicable by individual industries. Noise: Individual industries will be mandated to provide 33% green belt in their area. Apart from this KIADB is providing 14.13 % green belt area around the project site and periphery. Individual industries will provide acoustic enclosures for their D.G.sets. Environmental Monitoring: KIADB will be conducting periodical monitoring of AAQ, noise, water, soil and traffic, to ensure the parameters are within the prescribed limits. In light of the above there will be marginal impact to Shettihalli Wild Life Sanctuary due to the proposed Industrial Area.
Application has been submitted to NBWL for NOC. Application copy is enclosed as Annexure-7.
4.3.8 Socio-Economic Environment The project is likely to have positive impacts on socio economic environment. Various modes of indirect employment i.e. increased business opportunities will reflect in the improved quality of life of the people in the study area. The CSR activities proposed by KIADB, will improve the quality of life of nearby villages. Thus, it can be said that the proposed project will have significant beneficial impact on the socio economic scenario in the study area.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 197
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 198
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology & Site)
5.1 Introduction
This chapter presents a comparative analysis of various alternatives considered to avoid or minimize impacts that would be inevitable in technically advanced processes. Severalalternatives are analyzed for avoiding localized environmental impacts & arriving at theproposed processes. Screening procedure for the alternatives considered are presented inthe following sections. The consideration of alternatives to a proposal is a requirement ofthe EIA report. Range of alternatives selected for analysis is - Site alternatives. Finalization of various options such as construction materials, keeping in view of theobligatory points and environmental safety aspects and well connectivity to Sea port,airport, road and rail are considered etc., The Project alternatives without mitigationmeasures and with mitigation measures are analyzed before choosing the proposedalternatives. The objective of this chapter is to highlight some of the salient issuesconsidered for exercising the alternative options.
5.2 Site Selection
Entire land for the proposed Industrial Area has been acquired by KIADB and there is no habitations within the project site. There is no forest land within the project site. Water Source (Tungabadhar River) is ~10 Km from project site.
5.3 Alternate Site Analysis
No Alternative sites were examined for the project. The area has been already finalized by KIADB and land has been acquired for the project. The site selected has good road and railway connectivity whichwill be an added advantage for the business & socio-economic development andimprovement for the district.
5.4 Connectivity to the project site
The project site is well connected to National and state highways. So, alternate sites were not considered.The connectivity to the project site is summarized in
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 199
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 5-1.
Table 5-1Connectivity to the Project Site
Name of S No. Description Distance (~km) Direction Connectivity NH 206 1.81 W 1. Nearest Highway
SH 57 6.26 SE 2. Nearest State Highway
-- 3. Nearest Railway track Railway track Within the site
4. Nearest Railway Station Shivamogga 8.3 SSE 135.43 SSW 5. Nearest Airport Mangalore Airport
Mangalore Port 142.27 SSW 6. Nearest seaport
5.5 Environmental Considerations
There is no forest land within the project site. Shettihalli WLS is ~1.81 Km* (SW) and Tyavarekoppa Lion and Tiger Reserve ~1.86 Km (SSW) from the project site. Entire land has been acquired by KIADB for the development of Industrial Area. Hence there is no R& R for the project. Thus the site considered for the project will be most suitable for development of Industrial Park with no objections.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 200
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 201
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
6 Environmental Monitoring Program
6.1 Introduction
The primary aim of environmental monitoring program is to formulate a systematic, site- specific plan for monitoring the environmental parameters within the impact area, during and after commissioning of the project, which would aid in assessing the effectiveness of mitigation and environmental protection measures implemented for the proposed project based on the existing environmental scenario and the probable environmental impacts appraisal.
The plan framed for proposed Industrual Area will describe:
The details of the proposed mitigation measures taken for safeguarding the environment at the project site as well as in the vicinity of the industrial area.
Details of management plans (Greenbelt development plan, Solid waste management plan etc)
Environmental monitoring programme to be undertaken during construction phase and after commissioning of the project.
The associated cost components of the pollution control systems that will be installed at the site.
For each of the environmental attributes, the monitoring plan specifies the parameters to be monitored, location of monitoring sites, frequency and duration of monitoring and it also denotes the applicable standards, implementation and supervising responsibilities.
6.2 Objectives Ensure day to day operational activities are conducted in a manner in compliance with the applicable regulatory approvals including legislation and industry standards.
Evaluate the adequacy of mitigation and pollution control measures implemented for reducing the adverse impacts caused during the construction and operation stage and suggest additional mitigation measures, if appropriate, in the light of the results.
Define a detailed framework to monitor and document for achieving full compliance with statutory requirements.
Encourage good environmental management practices through planning, commitment and continuous improvement.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 202
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Develop clearly defined environmental monitoring program designed to assess the nature and extent of environmental impacts of the proposed operations and progressively refine such programs against the targets.
Define roles and responsibilities of site personnel and ensure that all people onsite are fully informed of their responsibilities and accountabilities with regard to the environment.
To comply with all regulations stipulated by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)/ State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) related to air emission and liquid effluent discharge as per air and water pollution control act/ laws
To handle hazardous wastes as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules 1989 and subsequent amendment in 2016.
Review, improve and update environmental management procedures and standards.
Establish response procedures for actual/potential environmental impacts including community complaints and ensure corrective action is taken.
Perspective budgeting and allocation of funds for environmental management expenditure, Continuous development and search for innovative technologies for a cleaner and better environment.
6.3 Environmental Monitoring Programme Monitoring stations will be set up to assess the quality of environment during construction phase and after commissioning of the project. An environmental monitoring programme is important as it provides useful information and helps to:
Verify the predictions on environmental impacts presented in this study assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures, and identify the effectiveness of mitigation measures suggested in the EMP
6.3.1 Environmental Monitoring Program – Construction Phase
During construction, to assess the environmental parameters, monitoring will be carried out which will include Ambient Air Quality, noise, water and soil quality of site and surrounding areas. Monitoring programme including areas, number and location of monitoring stations, frequency of sampling and parameters to be covered is summarized in Table 6-1.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 203
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 6-1 Environmental Monitoring Programme- Construction Phase S. Number of Sampling Frequency of Area of Monitoring Parameters to be Analyzed No Stations Sampling Three stations(one at site, All the parameters as per NAAQ 1 Ambient Air Quality one in upwind direction and Once a month Standards one in down wind direction) Ambient Equivalent Continuous Sound Three locations at site in 2 Noise Once a month Pressure Levels (Leq) at day and different places Night time. Two number of surface and All the parameters as per IS 3 Water ground water samples near Once a month 10500:2012 the site. Vehicular During peak hours 4 One at site approach Air emission and noise, PCU Emissions Once a week Solid waste / Storage areas of solid and 5 Weekly once Quantity Hazardous waste hazardous waste Three locations within the Physico chemical properties, 6 Soil Once a month site Nutrients, Heavy metals
6.3.2 Environmental Monitoring Program – Operation Phase
After commissioning of the project, post project monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried out at regular intervals. The monitoring programme in different areas of the environment has been based on the findings of the impact assessment studies. The post project monitoring programme including areas, number and location of monitoring stations, frequency of sampling and parameters to be covered is summarized in Table 6-2.
Table 6-2 Environmental Monitoring Programme –Operation Phase
S. Number of Sampling Frequency of Area of Monitoring Parameters to be Analyzed No Stations Sampling Wind speed and direction, Temperature, Hourly and Daily 1. Meteorology One at site Relative Humidity, Atmospheric basis. pressure, Rainfall. 3 Stations (one in up wind Quarterly - Twice a All the 12 parameters as per NAAQ 2. Ambient Air Quality and one in downwind and week:24 hourly Standards one at site) period 3 (two within plant premises Ambient Equivalent Continuous Sound 3. Noise and one outside plant Quarterly Pressure Levels (Leq) at day and Night premises) time. Two number of surface and 4. Water ground water sample near Quarterly All the parameters as per IS 10500:2012 the site 5. CSTP Inlet an outlet quality Monthly pH, TSS, BOD, COD 6. CETP Inlet an outlet quality Monthly Color, pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, O&G
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 204
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
S. Number of Sampling Frequency of Area of Monitoring Parameters to be Analyzed No Stations Sampling Exhaust from DG
7. set(Administration Stack of DG set Monthly PM, SO2, NOx& CO building) Periodic 8. Vehicular Emissions At site approach monitoring of Air emission and noise, PCU vehicles Municipal Solid waste 9. Solid waste Monthly Quantity processing area Three locations (two within Physico chemical properties, Nutrients, 10. Soil Quarterly and one outside project site) Heavy metals 11. Compost One at the compost yard Monthly Nutrients, Heavy metals
Within 10km, around the Once in three 12. Terrestrial Ecology Symptoms of injuries on plants project years
6.4 Submission of Compliance Reports
As a part of environmental monitoring programme, following compliance report will be submitted to KSPCB and Regional Office of MoEF&CC.
Half yearly compliance reports of Environmental Clearance terms and conditions on 1stJune and1stDecember every calendar year. Environmental statement (Form-V) for the financial year ending March 31 to KSPCB on or before September 30 every year. Format for maintaining records of hazardous waste in Form-3 as per Hazardous and other Wastes (Management and Handling and Transboundary movement) Rules, 2008.
6.5 On-site Mock Drills
On-site mock drills are very important as it helps employees to be aware of the safety procedures and how to react during the time of crisis. Conducting mock drills at regular intervals enhances preparedness and checks the viability of environmental/disaster management plan. Mock drills are essential for the following reasons: Helps in revising/improving the environmental/disaster management plan Helps to evaluate whether the responsible officials are trained efficiently for the unforeseen event Helps in evaluating whether the emergency equipments are being maintained at the Industrial Area premises.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 205
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
To ensure efficient environmental/disaster management, KIADB authority/EHS department/EMP cell shall conduct periodic on-site mock drills in case of occurrence of the following activities: Fire, Natural calamities (cyclones, floods, earthquakes) Power break down Oil spill Bomb threats; War alerts/terrorist attacks Mock drills should also involve fire department, police, municipal authorities, hospitals and other department/agencies that are mandated to provide emergency support. Documenting the outcome of mock drills is an important aspect as this helps in revising the existing plan more efficiently. In all safety programmes the right personnel need to be employed and this is of utmost importance.
6.6 Greenbelt Development Plan
As per the rules and regulations laid by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control Board (SPCB), it is legally mandatory to earmark 33% of the project area for greenbelt development to promote integration of environmental issues with industrial development projects. The total land area is 185.85 Ha (459.24 Acres), out of which developable area is 101.39 Ha. The Greenbelt area proposed is 33.45Ha (33 % of total Developable area). To achieve 33% of green belt, KIADB is proposing 14.31 Ha (14.11 % of developable area) and individual industries will bemandated to provide 19.14 Ha (18.89% of developable area) of green belt area. Details of green belt development is given in Table 6-3 below. Layout showing the green belt plan is enclosed as Annexure-8.
Table 6-3 Green belt area break up S No. Green belt Area Area Area in % of details (Acres) (Ha) developable area 1 Park (Green 1.83 0.74 belt) 2 15 m buffer 16.79 6.79 14.11 3 50 m buffer 14.1 5.7 4 Open space 2.69 1.08 (Green belt) 5 Green belt in 47.30 19.14 18.89 Industria Plots Total 69.71 33.45 33%
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 206
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
The purpose of developing the greenbelt in and around the industrial Area is for:
Preventing land degradation and erosion of topsoil due to activities during construction phase.
Containment and Abatement of pollution in the industrial environment, capturing of fugitive emissions if any and thereby improving the quality of the surrounding environment.
Substantially reducing the adverse environmental impacts due to the proposed industrial activity.
Serving as a barrier for attenuating the intensity of noise generated.
Enhancing the biodiversity index of the region.
Adding aesthetic value to the project area.
Maintaining the ecological equilibrium of the area. The following general guidelines and measures will be adopted:
The plantation of trees will be initiated with start of the construction stage so that substantial growth may be achieved when the project is completed. The greenbelt development programme will be drawn to conform to natural climatic conditions and adaptability of the species.
Species involved in afforestation should be indigenous, fast growing and eco- friendly.
Proper drainage system and proper plantation techniques will be adopted.
Plantation will be properly maintained and protected by fencing from grazing and felling. The plantations would consist of a mixture of carefully chosen locally available species of trees, shrubs and herbs, preferably evergreen and resistant to pollution. A capital cost of INR 5 Lakhs shall be earmarked for this purpose and INR of 3.0 Lakhs/annum will be allotted for recurring expenses towards green belt development and maintenance. It is proposed to plant 40,140 (1200 trees / ha) no of trees in the Industrial Area premises. Species proposed for green belt are given in Table 6-4. Table 6-4 Proposed green belt Species SNo Plant species proposed Nos 1 Neem (Azadirchta indica) 3345 2 Seasam – (Sesamum indicum) 3345 3 Teak wood (Tectona grandis) 3345
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 207
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
SNo Plant species proposed Nos 4 Cassia fistula 3345 5 Commelina benghalensis 3345 6 Chenoqodium album 3345 7 Acacia auriculiformis 3345 8 Acacia ferruginea 3345 9 Adina cordifolio Roxb 3345 10 Borringtonio racemose Roxb 3345 11 Buteo monosperma Lamk 3345 12 Colophyllum inophyilum Linn 3345 Total 40140 (Note: The plant species proposed are based on the guidelines for developing green belt by CPCB- March 2000)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 208
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 209
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
7 Additional Studies
7.1 Public Hearing
As per issued ToRvide File No.21-55/2017-IA-III dated 20.03.2017, Public Hearing is Mandatory for project The EIA report has been prepared as per the obtained ToR for PublicHearing(PH) submission. After completion of Public Hearing, the Final EIA report along with action plan or commitment by the proponent, will be submitted to MoEF&CC for further appraisal of the project and obtaining Environment Clearance.
7.2 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plans
The land for the project is already acquired by KIADB and land documents are enclosed as Annexure-2. There are no settlements within the project site. Hence there is no R&R involved in the project.
7.3 Risk Assessment
In this section risk due to fire and Electric fire/ shock are discussed. Individual industries upon establishment will have their own Risk assessment and Disaster Management Plan as applicable.
A systematic Risk Analysis will help in identification of the hazards and associated risk. This study assesses risks associated with the construction and operation of the proposed Industrial Park. Member industries or units coming up in the Industrial Park has to carry out risk analysis by considering the hazards associated with handling of different chemicals or hazardous materials which will be used as per requirement of production/manufacturing process may include the use of numerous potentially hazardous chemicals. Material specific chemical protection programs shall be developed and implemented. Worker shall be protected from exposure to process chemicals including but not limited to acids, bases, solvents and metal sludge etc. Risks associated with handling storage of paints/chemical/equipment at proposed Industrial Park are considered and accordingly mitigation measures are suggested in this DMP. This study provides inputs for formulating the onsite Disaster Management Plan (DMP) at Industrial Park level. The Risk Analysis has been broadly divided into three categories.
Hazard Identification Failure Frequency Risk Reducing Measures
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 210
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
7.3.1 Hazard Identification A classical definition of hazard states that “hazard is the characteristics of a system/ plant/ process that presents potential for an accident.” Hence, all the components of a system such as process, storage of chemicals, handling, etc., need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unplanned event/ sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident.
Identification of hazards is of primary significance for analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accidents. Potential Hazards identified in proposed Industrial Area have been broadly classified as below:
7.3.1.1 Hazards during Construction Phase a) Mechanical Hazards
Mechanical hazards during the construction phase arise due to moving / rotating parts of the machinery, especially the belts and bolts of the construction equipment, which are heavy and pose a threat to the personnel working in that area.
Other hazards include falling from height (working at heights), falling objects like handheld tools, etc., failure of slips and traps created for scaffolding, and due to faulting of electrical equipment.
b) Transportation Hazards
The planning of access/ egress to the construction site also plays a significant role in minimizing the associated hazards such as vehicles collision.
c) Physical Hazards
The noise and vibrations generated during the construction phase may affect the worker’s health, hinder effective communication and may jeopardise sensitive organs. In addition to noise and vibration, hot works also pose a considerable hazard to the workers.
d) Storage and Handling of Hazardous Materials
Storage of hazardous materials like fuel for the engines, lubricants, paints and other flammable materials are likely to pose a fire and explosion risk.
e) Electrical hazards
Poor wiring of the electrical appliances like lights,exhausts, etc., which causes short circuit and electrocution.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 211
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
7.3.1.2 Hazards during Operation Phase The proposed Industrial Area will house different type of industries and hazards associated during operation phase are discussed below:
a) Accidental Hazards Fall from ladder, stairs, elevated platforms etc., falls into pits and fall on the floor level due to wet, slippery or greasy garage floors. Injuries due to collapse of jacking, lifting or hoisting equipment / vehicles and materials falling from lifting equipment Crushed toes resulting from fall of heavy objects Eye injury from splinters & flying objects from grinding & machining operations, while operating compressed-air equipment, during cleaning and similar operations Injuries as a result of being caught in or between moving and stationary objects Injuries caused by rotating parts of machine tools and equipment. Acute musculo skeletal injuries (inter vertebral disk rupture, hernia etc.) due to overexertion while lifting or otherwise handling heavy vehicle parts, etc. and due to awkward work postures (underneath vehicle, etc.) Burns due to contact with hot surfaces, exhaust pipes or hot-melt chemicals, sudden release of hot water and steam lines, radiator and cooling system pipes; soldering, brazing and welding operations, etc. Electrocution as a result of defects, short circuits or improper use of electromechanical equipment, or contact with live wires, e.g., electric shocks from portable power tools, defective wires on floor. Carbon monoxide poisoning Fires and explosions of spilled or leaked flammable/explosive substances, or by ignition of batteries, or during flame cutting and welding operations, etc. Increased rate of road accidents during test driving. Punctures and cuts caused by sharp edges of hand tools, vehicle parts and sheet materials. Bursting of compressed-air lines or containers Bursting of tires. Accidents due to improperly installed and maintained steam/water pressure cleaners
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 212
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
b) Physical Hazards Exposure to direct and reflected ultraviolet and infrared radiation (esp. from welding operations) Exposure to microwave and radiofrequency radiation (esp. in heat-sealing of panels and upholstery, drying of trim base panels, etc.) Exposure to hand-arm vibration from power-driven hand tools,resulting in development of White Finger Syndrome, etc. Exposure to excessive noise (> 85 dB(A)), especially during engineering work (for. eg. car body work, engine testing, etc.) Exposure to excessive heat or cold, especially in open garages or during roadwork (the use of improvised heating may cause fire and CO poisoning) c) Chemical Hazards Exposure to a wide range of industrial chemicals including heavy metals, contained in brake fluids, degreasers, detergents, lubricants, metal cleaners, paints, fuel, solvents, etc., resulting in various forms of chronic poisoning Skin diseases and conditions (various types of dermatitis, skin sensitization, eczema, oil acne, etc.) caused by various chemicals, e.g.: adhesives, antifreeze and brake fluids, epoxy resins, gasoline, oils, nickel, colophon etc. Eye irritation, dizziness, nausea, breathing problems, headaches, etc., caused by contact with irritating chemicals and their dusts and fumes, e.g.: antiknock agents. Asbestosis and mesothelioma caused by asbestos dust from brake drum cleaning and processing operation. Chronic poisoning resulting from exposure to lead and its dust and fumes (especially While repairing radiators, handling storage batteries, welding, using paints and lubricants, etc.) Increased risk of cancer due to inhalation of diesel exhaust fumes or contact with certain heavy metals and their compounds, asbestos, benzene etc. Increased risk of organic brain damage due to inhalation of diesel exhaust fumes Acute eye and mucous membrane irritation, headaches, breathing difficulties, chest tightness etc., caused by inhalation of NOx and respirable particulates
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 213
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Gastrointestinal disturbances as a result of accidental or chronic ingestion of adhesives d) Health Hazards Ergonomic, Acute musculoskeletal injuries (intervertebral disk rupture, tendon rupture, hernia etc.) caused by physical psychosocial and organizational factors overexertion and incorrect combination of weight and posture during lifting and moving of heavy loads. Cumulative trauma disorders, including carpal tunnel syndrome, caused by long-time repetitive work. Psychological stress when working under time pressure. e) Material Hazards
During operation, various types of raw materials, products and other materials will be handled at industrial units. Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in nature by virtue of their intrinsic chemical properties or their operating temperatures or pressures or a combination of these. Fire, explosion, toxic release or combinations of these, are the hazards associated with industrial plants using hazardous chemicals. Some of these materials can be flammable, explosive, toxic or corrosive etc. Hazardous substances may be classified into three main classes namely, flammable substances, unstable substances and toxic substances.
Flammable substances require interaction with air for their hazard to be released. Under certain circumstances the vapours arising from flammable substances when mixed with air may be explosive especially in confined spaces. However, if present in sufficient quantity such clouds may also explode in open air. Unstable substances are liquids or solids, which may decompose with such violence, so as to give rise to blast waves. Toxic substances are dangerous and can cause substantial damage to life when released into the atmosphere at certain concentrations. The ratings for a large number of chemicals based on flammability, reactivity and toxicity are given in NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) Codes and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).The proposed industries in the Industrial Park will have to maintain the records of MSDS and NFPA classification and hazards due to exposure of materials to be handled.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 214
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
f) Mechanical and Physical Hazards
Injuries may be caused toworking personnel due to the operations like cutting, lifting, moving and rotating machinery. Lifting and carrying heavy or awkwardly shaped objects, such as bags, can result in manual handling injuries.
g) Handling, Storage and Transportation Hazards
Proposed Industrial Park will involve in handling of various materials in the form of Solid, Liquid and Gases which are required for the operations. The individual industry may have material transport from the nearest road/rail route. The hazards related to material transport may be due to accidents of vehicles, failure in mechanical transmission components etc., The Handling hazards include:
Insufficient knowledgeon hazardous nature of chemicals in use leading to inappropriate handling of the chemical. Failure to use appropriate control measures and Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs). Use of expired/ worn Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs). Failure of liquid/solid or gas delivery tools. Using of container with narrow opening for a process that evolves heat and/or gases. Mixing of oxidizing agents with flammable / combustible substances, etc. h) Storage and Handling of Chemicals
Storage and Handlingof Hazardous chemical is inevitable, they carry inherent characteristic risk to the employees due to the properties ofchemicals such as toxicity and flammability. Chemicals are to be handled in standard containers like MS, HDPE, GI Drums, PVC Carboys, etc.All the chemicals, if any are to be arranged and stored, that should be in accordance withtheir compatibility, the area should be dry& well ventilated, the electrical fittings, equipment and lights should be of flameproof and the material should be stored with dyke / secondary containment. All the chemicals are to be provided with identification labels. Eye wash/Drench shower, first aid kit and spill kits are to be provided at a strategic location for emergency purpose. Chemical Safety Data Sheets and handling procedure, First Aid measures and list of first aiders are to be prepared and displayed for information and safety of the working personnel.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 215
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
7.3.1.3 Hazards common in individual industries Various types of hazards that are common in individual idustres of proposed Industrial Park are as follows
Fire Hazard
Flammable chemicals are used in the manufacturing processes of various industries. So it is susceptible to catch fire either at the places of storage, transportation and processing if source of ignition is available. These chemical fires may cause to catastrophic effects. The sudden development of pressure ruptures the container and causes shock waves which cause the structure damage and outburst of reaction vessel. Fire is considered very dangerous if occurs in uncontrolled manner. It should be clearly understood that when a liquid is used having flash point below the normal ambient temperature, it could, in suitable circumstances, liberate a sufficient quantity of vapors to give rise to flammablemixtures with air.
Explosion Hazard
Release of energy in a rapid and uncontrolled manner gives rise to explosion. Extra care shall be taken by providing rupture disc, pressure release valve and temperature controller.
Corrosion Hazard
Most corrosive substances will produce chemical burns, while certain chemical produce deep ulceration. Other has detailing effect on skin and may cause dermatitis. This has adverse effects on weakening the strength of material in contact.
Electric Hazard
Electrical power is the main driving force of the industry.There is a potential hazard in electrical equipment like electric cables, motors, heaters, lights,electrical equipment/ machinery operations, welding, motors& heavy lift devices, cabling, human intervention electrical devises (short circuit possibility), maintenance work (due to machinery breakdown etc.),plant lighting related electrical hazards etc. there will be a fire hazard due to electrical sparks and short circuits in the electrical systems. Static electricity generated during the transfer of flammable chemical from one vessel to another vessel may leads to sparks, if there is no proper grounding and bonding system, the electrical sparks will act as ignition source for flammable chemicals.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 216
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Other Hazards
Other toxic hazards due to acids/other toxic spillages (mainly limited to spillage area). The spillage if comes in contact with metal parts will produce hydrogen which is highly flammable gas. Any person moving in area and getting splash will be injured. In addition, the spillage will cause pollution problem. The spillage is to be collected and neutralized for toxic contents before disposal. Hazards due to individual soft spots (like walking casually and not noticing a pit and falling or colliding/stumbling or slipping, not noticing a wet place, etc.).
Fire and Explosion Indices
Dow'sFire and Explosion Index is a step-by-step objective evaluation of the realistic fire, explosion and reactivity potential ofprocess equipment and its contents.The quantitative measure shall be employed based on historical loss data, the energy potential of the material under study and the extent to which loss prevention practices are currently applied. This is helpful in identifying high-risk process areas needing more detailed hazard analysis to ensure that the facilities do not pose unacceptable risks.
7.3.1.4 Hazards due to Natural Calamities In case of natural disasters such as earthquake, flood, cyclone etc., occurring at the proposed Industrial Area, may resultin fire and explosions/toxic gas release due to failure of equipment. The damage consequences will be similar whether the damage is because of man-made disaster or naturalcalamity for the worst cases.
7.3.2 Risk Mitigation Measures Consider feasibility of substitution of hazardous chemicals such as solvent based paints with less hazardous alternatives. Label chemicals with appropriate, internationally recognized, hazard symbols. Chemicals with different hazard symbols should not be stored together - clear guidance on the compatibility of different chemicals can be obtained from the Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) which willbe readily available from the manufacturer and on site. Store chemicals in a dedicated, enclosed and secure facility with a roof and a paved/concrete floor. Also adequate ventilation to be provided. Chemical tanks should be completely contained within secondary containment and the storage should be grounded.Procedures / work instruction for loading and unloading of chemicals should be displayed in English as well as in local language.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 217
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
The underground storage tanks of chemicals shall be of double wall construction or within the dyke construction to prevent soil contamination due to sub soil leakage. Install devices to prevent spills and overfills, e.g. Alarms to warn of overfilling and automatic shut-off devices or secondary spill containment. Maintain and inspect storage units regularly. Consider installation and use of groundwater monitoring points on site tocheck for contamination. Implement a Solvent/Hazardous Materials Management Plan to monitor and control the use of solvents and hazardous materials on site. Necessary arrangement of firefighting facility as per various national and international codes for the facilities to avoid any major incident. To identify the hazards present in the system, a hazard identification study such as a Hazard and Operability study (HAZOP) should be undertaken by the individual industries. All hazards identified should be examined and appropriate mitigating measures developed and implemented. For all the hazardous material tanks where there is a single in/outlet line, a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) (or an equivalent design to allow isolation of the tank from the line in an emergency) should be provided. First aid equipment and manpower resources are at place to deal with emergencies, in consultation with emergency services to rescue any personnel, trapped or immobilized by an accident scenario. Carryout regular checks/maintenance and testing of instruments, valves and flange joints as per strict schedule. Pipelines, flanges, hoses, PSV's and valves require special attention to minimize the failure rate. Facilities should also be equipped with Automatic Fire Detection & alarm system and suppression equipment such as Fire tenders, all types of fire extinguishers like DCP,
CO2, water CO2 foam types in adequate numbers, Fire Hydrant and monitor system as per National Building Codes 2016 and relevant Indian Standard to take care of any fire hazard. FireDetection/alarm system to be provided for Control Rooms, cable Galleries, Transformers area and Administrative building and these may be of ionization, optical and heat sensing type. Manual Call Point to be installed across the factory. LPG detectors to be installed at LPG station. Flash back arrestors and grounding and bonding facility to be provided in the LPG pipeline. Firefighting equipment shall be provided as per applicable standards and guidelines.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 218
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Consider linking foam and fire water system. Considerations should be given to directly inject AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) compound into the respective fire mains (at 6 percent strength), which can act as a vehicle to transport foam solution to user points on either side for mobile response foam branches / cannons. Facilities should be properly equipped with fire suppression equipment that meets internationally recognized technical specifications for the type and amount of flammable material stored at the facility. Passive fire protection (for. eg.fire rated doors and walls) with appropriate fire rating to be provided for electrical panel room, transformer area, chemical storage rooms etc. Provision of fire safety training and response as part of workforce health and safety induction/training, including training the use of fire suppression equipment and evacuation, with advanced fire safety training provided to a designated firefighting team. Pipeline should be protected against external / internal corrosion Caution boards shall be displayed for all working person. No smoking signs No flames or pilot lights or electrical gadgets. Emergency contact numbers. All electrical equipment shall be provided with proper Grounding & Bonding arrangement to create continuity and dissipate static electricity. Earthed electrode should be calibrated, periodically tested and maintained. All electrical equipment shall be free from carbon dust, oil deposits, and grease. All the electrical cables shall be properly laid in cable trays, cable trenches shall be sealed with fire rated material or filled with sand at its compartmentation. Use of approved insulated tools, rubber mats, shockproof gloves and boots, tester, fuse tongs, discharge rod, safety belt, hand lamp, wooden or insulated ladder and not wearing metal ring and chain is insured. Danger from excess current due to overload or short circuit is prevented by providing fuses, circuit breakers, thermal protection. Do’s and Don’ts shall be displayed prominently in the site near the pipelines and at all workplaces. Regular maintenance shall be carried out under the supervision of an authorized person.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 219
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
7.4 Disaster Management Plan
The Disaster Management Plan(DMP) is aimed to ensuresafety of life,protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of DMP, it should be widely circulated and a personnel training is to be provided through rehearsals/drills. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency at the project location or its immediate vicinity, a DMP has to be formulated. The objective of the DMP is to make use of the combined resources of the Industrial Area and the outside services to achieve the following: Effective rescue and medical treatment of casualties Safeguard other people Minimize damage to property and the environment Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control Identify any dead Provide for the needs of relatives Provide authoritative information to the news media Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the emergency
7.4.1 Causes of Disaster Causes for Disaster as follows: Natural: Flood, Earth Quakes, Lightning, Cyclonic winds System failure, design deficiency, bad operating practice and sabotage resulting in Fire. Explosion Release of toxic/ inflammable gases A broad framework of DMP is given in Annexure-9. The specific industrial team where the emergency has arisen would be in charge of the situation while the other teams would assist them as and when required.
7.4.2 Proposed First Aid and Medical Facilities AMedical Centre fully equipped with emergency, will bemade available round the clock. A Medical attendant will always be available atthe centre. One ambulance will be available in all the shifts. Adequate number of first aid boxes will be kept at noticeable locations. Required stock of first aid medicines will also be maintained. Trained first aiders will be made available for the Industrial Area.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 220
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 8 PROJECT BENEFITS
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 221
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
8 Project Benefits
The project helps in increasing its contribution to the overall development of the area as well as the Country’s share in the international business. The social requirements such as Drinking water requirement, facilities to Educational institutions, and Medical facilities to the villages etc will also be developed as part of social responsibility. The proposed project will provide direct employment to 6200 people and indirect employment opportunities to local people in contractual works like housing construction, transportations, for supply of goods and services to the project and other community services. There will be increase in market and business establishment facilities. There will be improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and medical facilities. Thus, the proposed project will be beneficial for both the local as well as Indian economy.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 222
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 223
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
9 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis
(not recommended during Scoping stage)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 224
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 225
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
10 Environmental Management Plan
10.1 Introduction This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) identifies the principles, procedures and methods that will be used to control and minimize the environmental impacts of the proposed construction and operational activities associated with the expansion project development. It is intended to ensure that commitments made by proponent to minimize project related environmental and social impacts.
As part of ongoing commitment to excellence in environmental and social performance, KIADB will ensure the following:
Fulfill all environmental conditions associated with project approvals. Develop, promote and foster a shared sense of responsibility for environmental and performance of the project. Promote environmental awareness and understanding among employees and contractors through training, identification of roles and responsibilities towards environmental management Linking project performance to overall environmental performance. To monitor the environmental performance throughout the project and implement an adaptive management approach for continuous improvement and to meet the regulations.
10.2 Objectives of EMP
To suggest the formation of a core group (Environment Management Cell) responsible for implementation of environmental control & protective measures as well as monitoring of such implementation. To ensure project components are compliant with all laws and approval conditions. Facilitate a continual review of post construction and operation activities. To suggest preventive and mitigation measures to minimize adverse impact and to maximize beneficial impacts like. Preparation of Greenbelt Development scheme. Preparation of rain water harvesting scheme and energy conservation actions To prepare a capital cost estimate and annual recurring cost for Environmental Management Plan. To prepare a detailed action plan for implementation of mitigation measures. Measure the effectiveness and success of proposed mitigation measures.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 226
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
10.3 EMP Roles and Responsibilities
10.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC)
For effective implementation of the mitigation measures and consistent functioning of the project, an Environmental Management System (EMS) is proposed. The EMS includes the following: Environmental Management Cell Environmental Monitoring Program Personnel Training Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action Plan Documentation-Standard Operating procedures of Environmental Management
All the activities will be monitored to ensure appropriate implementation of all environmental mitigation activities and to identify areas where environmental management plan compliance is not satisfied. For effective implementation of the system, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set-up as Environmental Management Cell (EMC) for the effective implementation and monitoring of environmental management system. This is done by assigning responsibility to the concerned personnel for implementation of environmental control measures. The Organization of Environmental Management Cell (EMC) proposed is given inFigure 10-1.
Figure 10-1Organogram for Environmental Management Cell
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 227
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
The organizational structure and responsibilities for implementation of the EMP is given inTable 10-1.
Table 10-1EMC Responsibility Name& Responsibilities S.No. Designation Responsible for overall environmental management. Regularly coordinate with AEE and take feedback regarding all the activities Executive 1 performed under EM and give directions to succeeding component. Engineer Provide sufficient funds for environmental management cell to minimise the environmental impacts. Keep aware the Management about all the activities performed under EMC. To ensure and study the feasibility of CSTP & CETP working considering the present and future requirements and to suggest for improvements if any. Assistant Executive 2 To ensure, implement and follow all the required safety procedures & Engineer facilities, avoid the unsafe act & conditions, organizing safety trainings, mock drills, availability of onsite & off-site emergency plans. Plan & implement Good safety committee. Prepare Management Information System (MIS) reports and budget for environment management program. To deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the 3 Site Incharge conditions prescribed byMoEF&CC / KSPCB. Non-compliance / violation of environmental norms, if any are reported to Manager and immediate required action is taken. Daily department work plan execution. Environmental Preparation of monthly returns (Form No.1, Form No.3 & analysis report), 4 Engineer Form No.13, Form No.4, Form No.5 and compliance to KSPCB. Ensuring safety of the Industrial Area. Maintenance of log books and records. Operation and maintenance of CSTP and CETP Coordinating with outside agency to carry out the AAQ, stack, Fugitive emission, noise level monitoring and water quality parameters checking. 5 Field Staff Hazardous waste management handling and disposal. Plant and maintain adequate numbers of trees and gardens around the Industry. Applying and getting the Consent for Establishment /Operation under Air & Water Acts and Authorization to store the hazardous wastes from KSPCB.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 228
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
10.4 Environmental Management Plan During Construction Phase
Environmental impacts during the construction phase can be attributed to the site preparation activity and the mobilization of workforce. The impacts of the construction phase on the environment would be basically of transient nature and are expected to wear out gradually on completion of the construction programme. However, once the construction of the project is completed and its operations started, these operation stage impacts would overlap the impacts due to the construction activities.
In order to mitigate such impacts and restrict them within tolerable levels, the following measures shall be adopted:
Proper and prior planning of approach and access roads, and appropriate sequencing and scheduling of all major construction activities.
Adoption of appropriate soil conservation programme and its timely implementation in the proposed project site.
Water sprinkling in the vulnerable areas to suppress the dust generated during excavation, leveling and other operations.
Use of properly tuned construction machinery & vehicles in good working condition with low noise & emission and engines turned off when not in use.
Control of quality of construction wastewater within the construction site through suitable drainage system with traps for arresting the sediment load for its proposed disposal into the main natural drainage system around the site.
Implementation of suitable disposal methods of sediment/ construction debris at designated places to avoid water logging at construction site.
Provision of protective gears such as ear mufflers etc. for construction personnel exposed to high noise levels and locating the temporary labour sheds for housing the construction labourers away from the construction site.
10.4.1 Water Quality Management
During construction phase, the wastewater will be generated from domestic activities. Most of the workers will be from local area, so the wastewater generation will be minimum. A proper drainage system shall be constructed at site on a temporary basis at an early stage. The salient features of water quality management shall comprise of the following: Safe drinking water will be provided to workers.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 229
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Toilets will be provided with septic tanks and soak pits. Rain Water harvesting pits will be made to collect the runoff water and it will be reused for dust suppression. 10.4.2 Land use pattern and Ecology Management
During construction phase following impacts are anticipated: Increase in soil erosion Loss of plantation Interference with natural drainage pattern Visual alteration of landscape Following measures will be implemented to mitigate the above said impacts: Making garland drain along the plant boundary to collect storm water runoff. Greenbelt and horticulture development. Restoration of land surface consistent with existing contour conditions will not alter the drainage pattern. 10.4.3 Solid Waste Management Solid waste may be generated from construction related activities soil disposal, road construction and refuse/ waste disposal etc. The following measures shall be adopted for solid waste disposal: Empty cement bags will be sold for reuse. Construction debris will be reutilized for filling up of low laying areas and road development. 10.4.4 Socio-economic Conditions Following impacts are anticipated on the socio economic and cultural environment: Direct job creation for people during construction period Indirect economic development due to market multiplier effect Creation of infrastructure facilities Immigration of outside labor force Development of squatter slums Inducement of traffic congestion and road safety hazards Following mitigating measures are proposed: Locals will be deployed during construction to the extent depending on their skills. Effective public relations strategy will be maintained and the locals will be allowed to use the developed infrastructure facility. There will be regular interaction with the locals to solve their problems.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 230
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
10.5 Environmental Management Plan for Operational Phase
Monitoring during the operation phase shall reflect those environmental and socio-economic issues that may persist upon completion of construction activities. Monitoring shall focus on evaluating the effectiveness of project mitigation measures and continue baseline monitoring and sampling. The mitigation measures to prevent adverse impact during the operation phase of the project shall focus on the following
Air quality Noise environment Water quality and water resources Solid and hazardous waste Land environment Ecology Socio Economic
10.5.1 Air Quality Management
The major source of emission will be from Furnaces, Boilers& DG sets. The details of proposed source of air pollution & corresponding Air Pollution control equipment are already given in Chapter 4.
Individual industries will be mandated to provide air Pollution control measures as per CPCB/ KSPCB guidelines to disperse the pollutants. 33% green belt will be developed to mitigate air emissions. Regular monitoring of DG-Stack and Ambient air quality will be carried out.
10.5.2 Noise Environment
Individual industries will adhere to the following measures to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the project on the surrounding noise environment.
All the noise generating equipments will be designed / operated to ensure that noise level does not exceed 75-70 dB (A) at plant boundary as per the requirement of Central / State Pollution Control Board. Noise generating sources will be maintained properly to minimize noise generated by them. Wherever feasible, acoustic enclosures will be provided for compressors, DG sets. Compliance with noise control norms will be given due importance at the time of purchase of various equipments and it will be mentioned while placing the purchase orders and guarantee for noise standards will be sought from suppliers.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 231
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Green belt will act as a noise barrier. Training will be imparted to personnel to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of using PPEs.
10.5.3 Water and Wastewater Management
During operation phase, sewage will be treated inCSTP of 300 KLD and effluent will be treated inCETP of 1000 KLD to treat the sewage and effluent respectively. Zero Liquid Discharge system will be proposed by KIADB. Treated sewage will be used for green belt development and treated effluent will be recycled for utilities and process within the industrial area.
10.5.4 Rainwater Harvesting
Rainwater harvesting is an important component of wise resource use and environmental management. The total amount/quantity of water i.e., received in the form of rainfall over an area is called the rain water endowment of that area, out of which the amount of water that can be effectively harvested is called the rain water harvesting potential. The collection efficiency accounts for the fact that all the rain water falling over an area cannot be effectively harvested due to losses on account of evaporation, spillage or run off etc. Individual industries will have their own rain water harvesting system to recharge ground water upon establishment.
Rainwater harvesting pits are proposed for recharging the ground water table. The calculation on the number of pits for rainwater harvesting is arrived as given in Table 10-2 below.
Table 10-2 Rainwater harvesting calculation Intensity of Total Area in Area (A) in Run off Land Allocation Breakup rainfall (I) Discharge-Q Hectares (Sq.m) Coefficient (C) (mm/day) (m3/day) Roads and Pavement Area 3.12 31200 0.7 2.5 54.6 Common amenities 4.93 49300 0.7 2.5 86.3 Parking 2.02 20200 0.15 2.5 7.6 Green belt area proposed by 14.31 143100 0.15 2.5 53.7 KIADB Total 24.38 243800 202.2
Design parameter:
Intensity of Rain fall Considered = 900 mm (as per CGWB year book 2006 for Shimoga district)
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 232
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Formula: Discharge, Q= CIA (m3/day) Where, Q= Discharge (in m3/day) C=Coefficient of Runoff I= Intensity of rainfall (in mm/day) A= Area (in Sq.m)
Runoff calculation:
Total runoff Load = 202.2 m3/day Proposed RWH Pits: (100% Harvesting) Rain water harvesting pits of 250 mm dia x 1000 mm depth will be constructed. Volume of each Pit = πx 0.250 x 0.250 x 1.0 = 0.196m3 Percolation rate is 50%, so total harvesting capacity of each pit per hour = 0.196 *0.5 = 0.098m3 Total runoff load per hour = 202.2/24 = 8.5 m3/Hr. No of Rainwater harvesting pits proposed per hour intensity =8.5 /0.098 = 86.7 ~87nos. 87 No. of rain water harvesting pits are proposed for the project. Layout showing storm water drainage plan is enclosed as Annexure-10. The section showing the stormwater drain and rainwater harvesting pit is given in Figure 10-2
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 233
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Figure 10-2 Section showing storm water drain and rainwater harvesting pit
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 234
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
10.5.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
Municipal solid wastes will be segregated as organic and inorganic wastes by individual industries. Organic wastes will be collected in solid waste processing area and composted. The compost will be used as manure for green belt development. Inorganic wastes will be sold to authorized recyclers. Hazardous waste from individual industries will be stored separately in hazardous waste storage area within their premises and given for recycling to KSPCB authorized vendors within a stipulated period of time. Hazardous waste materials will be properly disposed as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules 1989 and subsequent amendment in 2016.
10.5.6 Land Environment
Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact during operational phase of the project on the land environment.
Air emissions will be controlled by appropriate air pollution control Measures by individual industries. Therefore deposition of air pollutants in and around the premises and surrounding area is negligible. Organic solid wastes will becomposted at site and used for green belt development. Inorganic solid wastes will be sold to recycling facilities as per the authorization from KSPCB and there is no internal disposal facility availability within the site. All the hazardous wastes generated from the project will be properly stored and disposed as per the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules 2016.Hence there may not be any impact to the land environment. Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system is proposed. Hence the treated effluent and treated sewage will be reused, which will minimise the impact on the land environment.
10.5.7 Ecology
Shettihalli Wildlife Sanctuary/Anesara RF is located at a distance of 1.81 km towards SW form project site. Application has been submitted to NBWL for NOC and the report is enclosed as Annexure-7.
Following measures are proposed for the project to preserve ecology of the region.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 235
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Water environment - The water will be sourced from Tungabadhra river through pipe lines. There is no extraction of ground water and the local community will not be affected. Effluent will be treated in CETP. Treated effluent will be utilized for process and utility. Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) will be implemented. Sewage will be treated in CSTP. The treated sewage will be used for Green belt development in KIADB and proposed industrial area Storm water will be managed and controlled within the premises and utilized for rain water harvesting. The excess flow will be diverted to nearest lake / pond. Air Pollution: Individual industries will be mandated to provide Air Pollution control measures for dispersion of flue gases Solid and Hazardous waste: Individual industries will segregate their solid waste. Organic waste will be composted in common municipal waste processing area and converted into manure. Inorganic waste will be disposed to KSPCB authorized recyclers. Hazardous waste will be disposed to KSPCB authorized TSDF/recyclers as applicable by individual industries. Noise: 33% green belt is proposed for the Industrial Area. Individual industries will provide acoustic enclosures for their D.G.sets. Environmental Monitoring: KIADB will be conducting periodical monitoring of AAQ, noise, water, soil and traffic, to ensure the parameters are within the prescribed limits.
In light of the above there will be marginal impact to Shettihalli Wild Life Sanctuary due to the proposed Industrial Area.
10.6 Occupational Health Centre (OHC)
Within the Industrial area, there will be One Occupational Health Centre with 1 Doctor and 1 Nurse for general shift along with 24/7 ambulance facility.
10.6.1 First aid Boxes A first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment for use in giving first aid. First Aid boxes willbe kept available in OHC. First Aid items will be issued to injure only by authorizedpersons.Following are the contents of First Aid Box, 1. Dettol – Antiseptic solution 2. Ciplox – Eye Drops 3. Soframycin – Skin ointment 4. Silverex – Burn ointment
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 236
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
5. Betadine – Microbicidal solution 6. Muscle Pain relieving gel 7. Sterilized Cotton Wool 8. Surgical Paper Tape 9. Small Sterilized Dressings 10. Medium Sterilized Dressings 11. Roller Bandage – 5 cm wide 12. Roller Bandage – 10cm wide 13. Band Aid 14. Crocin / Paracetamol Tablet
10.7 Corporate Environmental responsibility (CER)
The company is aware of the obligations towards the society and to fulfil the social obligations, company will employ semi-skilled and skilled labour from the nearby villages as much as possible and also try to generate maximum indirect employment in the nearby villages by appointing local contract workers.
Around INR 51.36 Lakhs will be spending for the CER Activity. The activity proposed is only tentative. Based on the issues raised during Public Hearing the activities will be finalised.
Details of CER activities proposed by KIADB is given in followingTable 10-3.
Table 10-3CER Activities proposed Sl.No. Activity Amount (Lakhs) 1. Conservation for Seethanhalli wild Life Sanctuary 10 2 Desilting of Devakathikoppa and Siddilipura tanks 7 3 Providing water supply and sanitation facility to Government schools 10 in nearby villages 4 Providing Health care equipments to Public health centres in nearby 9 5 Education & skill development 8 6 Infrastructure for villages Devakathikoppa & Siddilapura 7.36 Total 51.36
10.8 Cost Estimate for Environment Management Plan (EMP) Capital Cost towards environmental Protection measures will be Rs.715 Lakhs and recurring cost will be Rs.125.5 Lakhs.The cost estimate for Environment Management Plan is provided inTable 10-4.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 237
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Table 10-4Estimated budget for EMP Sl.No. Activity Capital cost Recurring Cost (Lakhs) (Lakhs) 1 CSTP 80 20 2 CETP 300 50 3 Water supply system, conveyance for water supply, sewage and 250 25 effluent 4 Strom water drains, 50 5 5 Greenbelt development 5 2 6 Municipal Solid Waste management 20 5 7 Occupation health Centre 10 15 8 Environmental Monitoring 0 3.5 Total 715 125.5
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 238
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 239
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 Summary An Environmental Impact Assessment Study has been carried out and assessed for the proposed project based on the ToR and baseline quality data collected for the study area. Identification and anticipation of the potential environmental impacts due to the proposed project with a delineation of appropriate impact mitigation measures in an Environmental Management plan during both construction and operation phases is provided in the EIA report.
The proposed project will ensure that the industrial activities relevant to the project are environmentally sound with no adverse impacts posed on the natural environment in the surrounding area.
The marginal impacts that might be caused by the proposed activity will be mitigated by the pollution control and environmental management measures.
In a true and a larger sense, in view of the considerable benefits from the project with no major impacts, the proposed project is said to be more beneficial to the nation.
The EMP implemented for the construction and operation stages of the project will include:
Air Pollution control and management Noise Control and Management Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Sewage treatment and Management Effluent treatment and Management
In order to effectively implement the EMP, an environmental management system will be formulated.
11.2 Conclusion The baseline study carried out for the study area indicates that all the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the environmental attributes in the surrounding area are well within the permissible limits. Based on this environmental assessment, the possible impacts during both pre-project and post-project phase are anticipated and the necessary adequate control measures are formulated to meet the statutory compliances. With very minimal negative impacts, the project positively leads to commercial business opportunities, employment opportunities, increased revenue and infrastructural development. Thus, this project may kindly be granted Environmental Clearance.
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 240
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
CHAPTER – 12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 241
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
In order to assess the potential environmental impacts due to the proposed project at Devakathikoppa and Siddlipura Villages, Shivamogga Tehsil & District, Karnataka State, M/s. Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB) engaged M/s. Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited, Chennai to undertake EIA study. The nature of consultancy service rendered covers terrestrial environmental assessment.
12.1 Brief Profile of Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Limited (HECS)
Enviro Care Systems was started in the year of 1997 by Dr. J. R. Moses with the vision to serve the world in all environmental related problems by completing the latest technological advancements available.
In the year 2004, Enviro Care Systems became Hubert Enviro Care Systems (P) Ltd after having collaboration with Hubert Stavoren B.V. for higher Technology.
The company provides total pollution control solutions to several industries like Thermal Power Plant, Pharma, R&D Facilities, Electroplating and Manufacturing, IT Parks, Residential Complexes, Dairies, Food Processing, Textile mills, Breweries, etc.
The company is specialized in executing projects right from concept development, supply, erection, commissioning and operation on turnkey basis. HECS has successfully executed more than 200 environmental engineering projects for various industrial sectors both in India and overseas.
HECS has state-of-art facilities to provide quality environmental consultancy and engineering solutions.
12.2 Strengths of HECS
Number of Employees as on date
Total No of Employees 736 Consultancy 26 Laboratory 77 Projects 19 Operation & Maintenance 614
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 242
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
12.3 QCI – NABET – EIA Accreditation
Consultancy Hubert Enviro Care Systems Pvt. Ltd., Chennai NABET Certificate No NABET/ EIA/ 1922/ RA0172 Valid up to 13/10/2022 MoEF Reg. Lab F.No. Q-15018/13/2016-CPW
National Accreditation Board for Education & Training (NABET) is a constituent board of the Quality Council of India (QCI). QCI, NABET has accredited HECS for carrying out Category ‘A & Category B’ EIA studies in the following sectors:
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 243
KIADB Devakathikoppa Industrial Area - Draft EIA/EMP Report 2020
Doc. No. HECS/EIA/7(c)/KIADB/R2 / 28 January 2021 Page 244