ELMHURST and CORONA 1 Who We Are ROOSEVELT AV

QUEENS COMMUNITY DISTRICT Elmhurst and 4 Corona Including Corona, Corona Heights, Elmhurst and Lefrak City

Health is closely tied to our daily environment. Understanding how our neighborhood affects our physical and mental health is the first step toward building a healthier and more equitable New York City.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 1 Who We Are ROOSEVELT AV

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NewNew YorkYork CityCity LONG ISLAND EXPY NYC population by race PAGE 2 PAGE 6 PAGENYC population 2 by race New York City Black PAGE 2 PAGEPopulation Black2 by race PAGEElementary 6 School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 New York City 100.0 Elmhurst and Corona Latino Black POPULATION87.5 NYC population by race 87.5 LatinoBlack 75.0 75.0 Population by race Elementary90 School Abseentee 100 On time high school graduation 100.0 Other BY RACE AND62.587.5 100.062.5 PAGE 2 PAGEOtherLatino 2 51% LatinoPAGE 6 ETHNICITY^ 50.075.0 87.550.0 37.5 29% 32% 37.5 Black 36% Black Asian 62.5 22% 75.0 90 100 25.0 100.0 25.0 PopulationAsianOther by race Other Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation75 50.0 15% 62.5 51% 12.537.5 87.5 32% 50.012.5 Latino100.0 5% 6% Latino White New York75.0 City 29% 2% 1% 60 0.0 22% 0.0 87.5 36% Asian 25.0 62.5 15% 37.5 75.0 WhiteAsian 90 100 Asian Black Latino White Other Other Asian Black Latino White Other Other 12.5 50.0 2% 25.0 62.5 51% 75 37.5 29% 32% 50.0 0.0 22% 12.5 White 5% 6% White 50 25.0 Asian37.5 36% 1% Asian 60 NYC population by race Asian15%Black Latino White Other 0.0 12.5 2% 25.0Population by age 75 0.0 Asian Black Latino White Other TOTAL NYC population by age White12.5 5% 6% 1% White 60 30 PAGE 2 Asian Black Latino PAGEWhite 2Other 0.0 PAGE 6 50 Asian Black Latino White Other POPULATION 45.0 25 NYC8,537,673 populationBlack by age Population188,107 byBlack age 50 45.0 Population by race Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 NYC population by age Population by 33%age 30 87.5 Latino100.032% Latino 30 75.0 87.5 45.0 25% 25 45.0 45.0 25 62.5 POPULATION 75.0 25% 22.5 45.0 21% 90 100 0 0 50.0 Other Other 22.5 21% 62.532% 51% 33%33% 37.5 BY AGE29% 32% 50.032% 22% 25% 11% 25.0 15% Asian37.5 25%36% 14% 9% Asian 25% 22.5 21% 22.5 21% 25% 0 0 12.5 22.5 2% 21% 9% 25.0 22.5 21% 75 0 0 0.0 14% 9% White12.5 5% 6% 0.0 White 11%60 Highest Level of Education Achieved Asian Black Latino White Other 0.0 14% 1% 9% 0.0 9% Asian Black Latino White Other 0-17 18-249% 25-44 45-64 11%65+ 0.0 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0.0 Highest Level50 of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ NYC population by age 0.0 Population by age 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 3065+ Born outside US English pro ciency 25 45.0 BornBorn outside outside US US45.0 EnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciencyBorn outside US English pro ciency 32% 33% BORN OUTSIDE25% 25% 22.5 21% Born outside US22.5 21% EnglishBorn pro ciency outside US 0 English pro ciency 0 THE US 14% 11% 9% 37% 9% 63% 0.0 0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+

Born outside US English pro ciency Born outside US English pro ciency 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

HAVE LIMITED 2000 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 ENGLISH PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration PROFICIENCY 23% 51% 1500 20000 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000 20001500 PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault0 20 40 Hospitalizations60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Incarceration ^White, Black, Asian and Other exclude Latino ethnicity. Latino is Hispanic or Latino of any race. 500 2000 Note: Percentages may not sum to 100% due to rounding. 1500 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations0 40 80 120 Incarceration160 200 1000 Sources: Population, Race and Ethnicity and Age: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates, 2016; Born Outside the U.S. and English Proficiency: U.S. Census Bureau, American 0 Community Survey, 2012-2016 1500 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 1000 Edit in Indesign. Graph500 applies to all CDs. 1000 2 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 0 40 80 120 160 200 500 500 0

0 40 80 0120 16040 200 80 120 160 200 0 0 Note from Oxiris Barbot, Commissioner, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

We are pleased to present the 2018 Community Health Profiles, a look into the health of New York City’s (NYC) 59 diverse community districts.

The health of NYC has never been better. Our city’s life expectancy is 81.2 years, 2.5 years higher than the national average.

However, not all residents have the same opportunities to lead a healthy life. A ZIP code should not determine a person’s health, but that’s the reality in so many cities, including our own.

The Community Health Profiles allow us to see how much health can vary by neighborhood. Policies and practices based on a history of racism and discrimination (often referred to as structural racism) have created neighborhoods with high rates of poverty and limited access to resources that promote health. The practice of removing funding or refusing to provide funding to communities of color has caused poor health outcomes to cluster in these communities.

The Community Health Profiles also show how important community resources, and funding to create and sustain these resources, are to health outcomes. For example, supermarkets provide more access to fresh foods than bodegas. However, in some neighborhoods with obesity rates higher than the citywide average, just 5% of food establishments are supermarkets, making it difficult for residents to make healthy choices.

Addressing these inequities may seem like a daunting task, but by working together, we can dismantle the unjust policies and practices that contribute to poor health in our communities. Through Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020), and other New York City Health Department programs, we work with community partners to give every resident the same opportunity for good health. We are making progress, but there is more work to do.

Reducing health inequities requires policymakers, community groups, health professionals, researchers and residents to work together for change at every level. We look forward to working with you to improve the health of our city.

Sincerely,

Oxiris Barbot, MD

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 3 Table of Contents

Who We Are Healthy Living PAGE 2 PAGE 13

Understanding Health Health Care Inequities in New York City PAGE 14-15 PAGE 5

Social and Economic Health Outcomes Conditions PAGE 16-18 PAGE 6-8

Housing and Notes Neighborhood Conditions PAGE 19 PAGE 9-10

Map and Contact Maternal and Child Health PAGE 11-12 Information BACK COVER

NAVIGATING THIS DOCUMENT This profile covers all of Queens Community District 4, which includesCorona, Corona Heights, Elmhurst and Lefrak City. This is one of 59 community districts in NYC. The community district with the most favorable outcome in NYC for each measure is presented throughout the report. Sometimes this is the highest rate (e.g. physical activity) and sometimes this is the lowest rate (e.g. infant mortality). Some figures include an arrow to help readers understand the direction of the healthier outcome. This profile uses the following color coding system:

LOWEST/HIGHEST ELMHURST QUEENS NEW YORK CITY COMMUNITY AND CORONA DISTRICT

4 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA Understanding Health Inequities in New York City

The ability to live a long and healthy life is not equally available to all New Yorkers. A baby born to a family that lives in the Upper East Side will live 11 years longer than a baby born to a family in Brownsville. This inequity is unacceptable.

Resources and opportunities are at the root of good health. These include secure jobs with benefits, well-maintained and affordable housing, safe neighborhoods with clean parks, accessible transportation, healthy and affordable food, and quality education and health care.1 In NYC, access to these resources and opportunities are not equitably distributed. Neighborhoods with residents of color often have fewer resources.

Since the 1600s—when NYC was established by colonization—racist policies and practices have shaped where New Yorkers live and go to school, what jobs they have and what their neighborhoods look like. Over time, these policies and practices have built on each other to create deep inequity.

For example, in the 1930s the federal government developed a policy known as redlining. As part of this policy, neighborhoods were rated based on the race, ethnicity and national origin of their residents. Neighborhoods that were home to people of color, like Central Harlem and Brownsville, were outlined in red on a map. They were labeled as "hazardous" and no home loans or other investments were approved there. The wealthiest and Whitest neighborhoods in NYC received, and continue to receive, more investment and opportunities for health.2

The denial of resources and opportunities that support good health contributes to the differences in life expectancy we see today. Experiencing racism is also a health burden, creating chronic stress that contributes to major causes of death, like diabetes and heart disease.3

To better understand the successes and challenges in each of NYC’s 59 neighborhoods, the Community Health Profiles present data on a range of measures. These data should be interpreted with an understanding that good health is not only determined by personal choices. Many other factors shape differences in health outcomes, including past and current discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, sexual orientation and other identities. We hope the Community Health Profiles support your efforts in making NYC more equitable for all. For more information on the New York City Health Department programs and services that are closing the gap in health outcomes, visit nyc.gov/health.

1 Marmot M, Friel S, Bell R, et al. Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity Through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. The Lancet. 2008; 372(9650): 1661–1669. 2 Undesign the Redline. http://www.designingthewe.com/undesign-the-redline. Accessed March 13, 2018. 3 Krieger N. Embodying inequality: A Review of Concepts, Measures, and Methods for Studying Health Consequences of Discrimination. International Journal of Health Services. 1999; 29(2): 295-352.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 5 Social and Economic Conditions

Education Higher education levels are associated with better health outcomes. Missing too many days of school can cause students to fall behind and increases their risk of dropping out. Elmhurst and Corona’s elementary school absenteeism rate is lower than the rate for NYC overall. Four out of five high school students inElmhurst and Corona graduate in four years, higher than the citywide rate. PAGE 2PAGE 2 PAGE 6PAGE 6

Black Black ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ABSENTEEISM ON-TIME HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION PopulationPopulation by race by race Elementary(percentElementary School of public SchoolschoolAbseentee students Abseentee in grades K through 5 missingOn timeOn high time(percent school high of public graduationschool school graduation students graduating in four years) 100.0 100.0 Latino Latino 19 or more school days) 87.5 87.5 75.0 75.0 90 90 100 100 96% Other Other 62.5 62.5 51% 51% 50.0 50.0 81% 81% 37.5 37.536% 36% Asian Asian 75% 25.0 25.0 75 75 12.5 12.5 6% 5% 5% 6% 1% 1% White White 60 60 0.0 0.0 PAGEPAGEPAGE 2 2 2 PAGEPAGEPAGE 6 6 6 Asian BlackAsianLatinoBlackWhiteLatinoOtherWhite Other BlackBlackBlack 50 50 PopulationPopulation by age by age PopulationPopulationPopulation by by by race race race ElementaryElementaryElementary School School School Abseentee Abseentee Abseentee OnOnOn time time time high high high school school school graduation graduation graduation 100.0100.0100.0 30 30 LatinoLatinoLatino 87.587.587.5 20% 45.0 45.0 25 25 75.075.075.0 15% 909090 100100100 11% OtherOtherOther 33% 33% 62.562.562.5 51%51%51% 50.050.050.0 5% 25% 25% 37.537.537.5 36%36%36% AsianAsianAsian 22.5 22.521% 21% 0 0 0 0 25.025.025.0 Elmhurst Queens NYC Lowest: Elmhurst Queens NYC757575 Highest: 11% 12.512.512.511% 5%5%5% 6%6%6% WhiteWhiteWhite 606060 9% 9% 0.00.00.0 1%1%1% and Corona Bayside and and Corona Financial District AsianAsianAsian BlackBlackBlack LatinoLatinoLatino WhiteWhiteWhite OtherOtherHighestOther Highest Level of Level Education of Education Achieved AchievedLittle Neck 0.0 0.0 505050 0-17 18-240-17 25-4418-2445-6425-44 65+45-64 65+ Source: NYC Department of Education, 2016-2017 Note: NYC and borough On-time High School Graduation data may differ from rates PopulationPopulationPopulation by by by age age age presented in other published sources. See technical notes in the public use dataset 303030 for more details. Born outsideBorn outside US US 45.045.045.0 EnglishEnglish pro ciency pro ciency Source: NYC Department of Education,2525 201725 33%33%33% 25%25%25% 22.522.522.5 21%21%21% HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATION000 ACHIEVED (percent of adults ages 25 and older) 000 9%9%9% 11%11%11% High school Less than 0.00.00.0 HighestHighestHighest Level Level Level graduateof of of Education Education Education or Achieved Achieved Achieved 0-170-170-17 18-2418-2418-24 25-4425-4425-44 45-6445-6445-64 65+65+65+ high school some college College graduate More than a quarter of Elmhurst and Corona 30% 42% 28% adults in Elmhurst and BornBornBorn outside outside outside US US US 0 20 40 60 0 80 English20EnglishEnglish100 40 600 8020 pro ciency 100pro ciency 40pro ciency60 0 80 20 100 40 600 8020 10040 60 0 80 20 100 40 60 80 100 Corona have a college degree. Thirty percent 2000 2000 Queens 19% 42% 39% of adults have not PAGE 8PAGENon-fatal 8 Non-fatal Assault Assault Hospitalizations Hospitalizations IncarcerationIncarceration completed high school, 1500 1500 NYC 19% 38% 43% a rate higher than the citywide rate. Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph appliesGraph applies to all CDs. to all CDs. 1000 1000 Highest % college graduate: 4% 12% 84% Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho

0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 0 0 0 20 20 20 40 40 40 60 60 60 80 80 80 100100100 500 500Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016 200020002000 0 0 40 40 80 80 120 PAGEPAGEPAGE120 8 8 1608 Non-fatalNon-fatalNon-fatal160 200 Assault Assault Assault200 Hospitalizations Hospitalizations Hospitalizations IncarcerationIncarcerationIncarceration 0 0 150015001500 6 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA EditEditEdit in in in Indesign. Indesign. Indesign. Graph Graph Graph applies applies applies to to to all all all CDs. CDs. CDs. 100010001000

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000 404040 808080 120120120 160160160 200200200 000 Social and Economic Conditions

Economic stress Living in high-poverty neighborhoods limits healthy options and makes it difficult to access quality health care and resources that promote health. In Elmhurst and Corona, 27% of residents live in poverty, compared with 20% of NYC residents. Access to affordable housing and employment opportunities with fair wages and benefits are also closely associated with good health. Elmhurst and Corona’s unemployment rate is lower than the citywide average of 9%. Rent burdened households pay more than 30% of their income for housing and may have difficulty affording food, clothing, transportation and health care. Sixty-two percent of Elmhurst and Corona residents are rent burdened, a higher rate than residents citywide. ECONOMIC STRESS Elmhurst and Corona Queens NYC Lowest % Many of the factors that affect Poverty 27% 19% 20% 7% health happen (percent of residents) Upper East Side outside of a doctor’s office. Unemployment 6% 8% 9% 4% This includes (percent of people ages 16 and older) Upper East Side access to quality education, jobs Rent Burden 62% 53% 51% 37% (percent of renter-occupied homes) and safe spaces Park Slope and Carroll Gardens to live. Residents in high-poverty Note: Unemployment data may differ from rates presented in other published sources. See technical notes in the public use dataset neighborhoods for more details. often lack these Sources: Poverty: American Community Survey as augmented by NYC Opportunity, 2012-2016 (community district and NYC), 2016 (borough); Unemployment and Rent Burden: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016 resources.

Is your neighborhood gentrifying? Gentrification transforms a low-income area into a high-income area through neighborhood redevelopment. It is often defined as changes in the racial and ethnic makeup, education level and average income of a neighborhood's residents, as well as changes in housing and commercial businesses. While development may be beneficial, it is often inequitable, and can lead to displacement of long-time residents and businesses.

Gentrification can be measured in many ways. One measure that is used in NYC is to determine if a low-income neighborhood (those with the lowest 40% of average household income in 1990) saw higher than median rent growth over the past 20 years. Based on this definition, of 24 neighborhoods that were considered low-income in 1990, 17 were considered to be gentrifying. Elmhurst and Corona is one of 35 neighborhoods within the highest 60% of average household income in 1990 and was excluded from the measure.

Source: NYU Furman Center, 2015

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 7 PAGE 2 PAGE 6

Black Population by race Elementary School Abseentee On time high school graduation 100.0 Latino 87.5 75.0 90 100 Other 62.5 51% 50.0 37.5 36% Asian 25.0 75 12.5 5% 6% White 60 0.0 1% Asian Black Latino White Other 50 Population by age 30

45.0 25 33% 25% 22.5 21% 0 0 9% 11%

0.0 Highest Level of Education Achieved 0-17 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+

Born outside US English pro ciency

Social and Economic Conditions

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Violence Compared with the citywide rate, Elmhurst and Corona has a lower2000 rate of assault-related hospitalizations. PAGE 8 Non-fatal Assault Hospitalizations Incarceration NON-FATAL ASSAULT HOSPITALIZATIONS (per 100,000 people) 1500 Hospitalizations 34 Elmhurst and Corona related to injuries fromEdit assaults in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 37 Queens 1000 capture the 59 NYC consequences 500 of community 8 Lowest: Bayside and Little Neck violence. 0 40 80 120 160 200 More healthy Less healthy 0 Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2012-2014

Incarceration Incarceration takes a toll on individuals, families and communities. Black and Latino New Yorkers experience higher policing compared with non-Latino White New Yorkers. This leads to higher rates of detention, which may include long periods of time spent in jail before trial. People who have been incarcerated are more likely to experience mental and physical health problems. They may also have trouble finding employment and housing and accessing healthy food.

JAIL INCARCERATION (per 100,000 adults ages 16 and older) 2000

227 425 NYC 315 71 Queens 0 Lowest: Upper East Side Elmhurst and Corona Source: NYC Department of Corrections, 2015-2016 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 ADULTS REPORTING THAT THEIR NEIGHBORS Helpful neighbors Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Strong social connections can have a positive impact ARE WILLING TO HELP ONE ANOTHER on the health of community members. Feeling that our (percent of adults) neighbors are willing to help each other is one aspect of Elmhurst and11% Corona 65% community connection. In Elmhurst and Corona, 65% Queens 73% of residents think that their neighbors are willing to help one another. This is lower than the rest of the city. NYC 72% Highest: Tottenville and Great Kills 86% Preterm births

0Less healthy20 40 60 80More healthy100 Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 8 COMMUNITYHomes HEALTH with PROFILES air conditioners 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA Pedestrian Injury 100 Teen births 80

0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects

80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 60 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 10 0 250

Cockroaches 200

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0 0 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 8 Housing and NeighborhoodPAGE 10 Conditions PAGE 11 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care

11%The environment we live in can make it easier or more difficult for New Yorkers to lead healthy lives. 11%

Air conditioning Air pollution Most heat stroke deaths in NYC occur in homes Though air quality is improving in NYC in general,Preterm it varies births Preterm births without air conditioning. Nine out of 10 households in PAGE 8 PAGEby 10 community district. In Elmhurst and Corona, levelsPAGE 11 0 20Elmhurst40 and Corona60 have80 working100 air conditioners. of the most harmful air pollutant, fine particulate matter 0 20 40 60 80 100 Helpful Neighbors 0 Bike (PM2.5),20Lanes 40are 7.7 micrograms60 80 per cubic100 meter. Late or no prenatal care PAGE 9 0 20 40 60 80 100 AIR CONDITIONING PAGEAIR POLLUTION 9 Homes(percent with of air households) conditioners Pedestrian(micrograms Injury of fine particulate matter per cubic meter) Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 11% 99% 100 92% 92% 89% Teen births 100 Teen births 80 More healthy 80 60 60 7.7 Preterm births 40 7.2 7.5 40Elmhurst NYC 20 and Corona Queens 0 20 40 60 80 100 Less 6.0 healthy 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Lowest: PAGE 9Elmhurst Queens NYC Highest: 0 Rockaway and Broad Channel and Corona Tottenville and Homes with air conditionersGreat Kills 0 Pedestrian20 Injury40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenance defects 0 20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 HomesSource: NYC without DOHMH, Community maintenance Air Survey, 2016 defects 100 0 Teen births20 40 60 80 100 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 80 Housing quality 80 60 Every resident has the right to live in housing that is safe and70 pest-free. Poorly maintained housing is associated 60 50 with poor health outcomes, including worsened asthmaPAGE and60 12 other respiratory illnesses. In Elmhurst and CoronaPAGE, 12 40 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 30 only 53% of renter-occupied homes are adequately maintainedChild40 Asthma by landlords emergency – free from heating breakdowns,Childhood cracks, Obesity 20 20 holes, peeling paint and other defects. Thirty-three percentdepartment30 of Elmhurst visits and Corona households report seeing Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 10 cockroaches, which is a potential asthma trigger. 20 department visits 0 0 10 250 0 HOMES WITHOUT MAINTENANCE HOMES REPORTING COCKROACHES 250 0 (percent20 of households)40 60 80 100 CockroachesHomesDEFECTS without (percent maintenance of renter-occupied defects homes) 200 Cockroaches 200 More 80 75% 150 0 20 40 60 80 100 healthy 150 70 33% Elmhurst and Corona 60 53% 52% 100 50 44% PAGE 12 PAGE 12 100 19% Queens 40 50 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood50 Obesity 23% NYC 20 department0 visits 010 20 40 60 80 100Less 0 healthy 0 00% 20 40 Lowest:60 Tottenville80 and Great100 Kills Elmhurst Queens NYC Highest: 250 and Corona Tottenville and Cockroaches Great Kills 200 Note: Maintenance defects include water leaks, cracks and holes, inadequate Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 heating, presence of mice or rats, toilet breakdowns or peeling paint. 150 Source: NYC Housing and Vacancy Survey, 2014 100

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND50 CORONA 9

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Bicycle network coverage Pedestrian injury Preterm births Four percent of roads in Elmhurst and Corona have Elmhurst and Corona residents have a similar pedestrian 0 20 40 60 80 100 bike lanes, which is lower than NYC overall. injury hospitalization rate compared with NYC overall. PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE0 1120 40 60 80 100 PAGE 9 Helpful Neighbors BikeBICYCLEHomes Lanes with NETWORK air conditioners COVERAGE Late orPEDESTRIANPedestrian no prenatal Injury care INJURY HOSPITALIZATIONS (percent of streets with bike lanes) (per 100,000 people) 100 Teen births 11% 80 4% Elmhurst and Corona 21 Elmhurst and Corona 60 6% Queens 19 Queens 40 NYC 23 NYC 20 10% Preterm births Highest: Crown Heights Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho 0 45% and Prospect Heights 9 0 20 40 60 80 100

0Less healthy20 40 60 80 More healthy100 0More healthy20 40 60 80Less healthy100 PAGE 9 Homes without maintenance defects Source: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Homes with air conditioners 80Pedestrian Injury Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2012-2014 0 20 40 60 80 100 Access to bike lanes can make it easier and 70 100 60 safer to ride a bike more often. Teen births 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 80 40Source: NYC Department of Transportation, 2017 60 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 department visits 40 10 0 20 250 0 FoodCockroaches environment SUPERMARKET200 TO BODEGA RATIO 0Bodegas20 are less40 likely to60 have healthy80 food100 options than For every one supermarket in Elmhurst and Corona, there are 16 bodegas. Homes without maintenance defects 150 supermarkets. The lowest ratio among NYC community 16 80 districts is one supermarket for every three bodegas 0 100 20 40 60 80 100 70 (healthier); the highest is one supermarket for every 57 50 60 bodegas (less healthy). Elmhurst and Corona is home to one 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 of NYC’s farmers markets, another source of healthy food. 40 0 30 Child0 Asthma20 emergency40 60 80 100 Childhood Obesity1 20 department visits 10 It is easier to make healthy choices when 0 healthy, affordable food is readily available. 250 Supermarket Bodegas Cockroaches 200 Source: Farmers Markets: NYC DOHMH Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Tobacco Control, 2017; Supermarket to Bodega Ratio: New York State Department of 150 Agriculture and Markets, October 2016

100

0 0 20 40 60 80 100 10 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA Maternal and Child Health

Pregnancy outcomes In Elmhurst and Corona, the rate of expectant mothers receiving Access to quality health late or no prenatal care is higher than the citywide rate. One in 12 care is critical to a mother’s births to Elmhurst and Corona residents is preterm (three or more health before, during and after weeks before the due date), similar to the citywide rate. pregnancy, and to the health of our littlest New Yorkers.

PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 LATE OR NO PRENATAL CARE Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care (percent of live births) 7.9% Queens PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 11% 1.3% 6.7% 7.8% 7.9% Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care Lowest: NYC Elmhurst Financial District and Corona PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11 11% Source:Preterm NYC DOHMH, births Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2015 Helpful Neighbors Bike Lanes Late or no prenatal care 0 20 40 60 80 100 PRETERM BIRTHS 0 20 40 60 80 100 Preterm births PAGE 9 11% (percent of live births) 8.7% NYC 8.5% Queens 0Homes20 with40 air conditioners60 80 100 Pedestrian Injury Preterm birth is 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Teen births 5.4% 8.3% a key driver of PAGE 9 80 Preterm births infant death. Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury Lowest: Elmhurst 60 0 20 40 60 80 100 Greenpoint and Corona 100 and Williamsburg 40 Teen births Source: NYC0 DOHMH,20 Bureau of40 Vital Statistics,60 2015 80 100 80 20 PAGE 9 60 0 Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 40 100 Teen pregnancy TEEN BIRTHS 0 20 40 60 80 100 Teen births 20 (per 1,000 females ages 15 to 19) Homes without maintenance defects 80 Teen pregnancy has declined across NYC; 0 Elmhurst and Corona’s teen birth rate is 80 60 0 20 40 60 80 100 25.8 Elmhurst and Corona 25.8 per 1,000 teen girls. 70 0 40 20 40 60 80 100 60Homes without maintenance defects 15.3 Queens 50 PAGE20 12 PAGE 12 40 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 19.3 NYC 30 Child0 Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 70 20 department visits 60 Lowest: Greenwich Village and Soho 10 1.0* 50 PAGE 12 PAGE0 12 20 40 60 80 100 0 Homes without maintenance defects 40 250 Child Asthma emergency 30 80 Childhood Obesity 0*Interpret estimate20 with caution due40 to small number60 of events. 80 100 20Cockroaches 70department200 visits Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013-2015 10 60 0 50250150 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 Child Asthma emergency Cockroaches 30200100 Childhood Obesity department visits 20 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 11 1015050 0 250 1000 0 20 40 60 80 100 Cockroaches 200 50 150 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 100

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0 PAGE 8 PAGE 10 PAGE 11

0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes without maintenanceHelpful defects Neighbors Maternal and Child HealthBike Lanes Late or no prenatal care

80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 60 11% 50 ChildhoodPAGE obesity 12 CHILDHOODPAGE 12 OBESITY (percent of public school children in grades K through 8) 40 A quarter of Elmhurst and Corona children Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 30 in grades K through 8 have obesity. This is 24% 20% 20% 5% 20 department visits 10 higher than the citywide rate of one in five. Preterm births 0 250 0 20 40 60 80 100 200 Cockroaches 0 20 40 60 80 100 Elmhurst Queens NYC Lowest: PAGE 9 150 and Corona Financial District Homes with air conditioners Pedestrian Injury 100 Source: NYC Department of Education, 2016-2017 100 Teen births 50 80 0 0 20 40 60 60 80 100 40 Children’s hospitalizations and emergency department visits 20 “Avoidable hospitalizations” are those that could be prevented with timely access to quality outpatient care. The rate 0 of avoidable pediatric hospitalizations among children ages 4 and younger in Elmhurst and Corona is lower than the citywide rate. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Homes withoutMany maintenance childhood asthma emergency defects department visits could be prevented by reducing the presence of pests, mold, secondhand smoke and other asthma triggers, and by taking daily medication. The asthma emergency department 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 visit rate among children ages 5 to 17 in Elmhurst and Corona is lower than the citywide rate. The TCNY 2020 goal is 60 to have fewer than 210 asthma emergency department visits per 10,000 children across the entire city. 50 PAGE 12 PAGE 12 40 PAGEAVOIDABLE 12 HOSPITALIZATIONS PAGE 15 CHILD ASTHMA EMERGENCY 30 Child Asthma emergency Childhood Obesity 20 AMONG CHILDREN departmentDEPARTMENT visits VISITS Avoidable(per 100,000 children hospitalizations ages 4 and younger) HPV (per 10,000 children ages 5 to 17)Flu 10 among children 0 100 100 250 223 286 Elmhurst and Corona 80 80 Cockroaches 200 60 158 60 461 Queens 150 132 40 40 100 623 NYC 20 20 50 28 118 Lowest: Borough Park 0 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Elmhurst Queens NYC Lowest: 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 and Corona Financial PAGE 16 80 District PAGESources: Avoidable13 Hospitalizations among Children: New York State DepartmentHIV of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, Self-Reported2014; Child Asthma Emergency Health Department Visits: New York State Department of Health, Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, 2015 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

012 20 40 60 80 COMMUNITY100 HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA

0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 150 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C

Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 PAGE 18 Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5

CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) Premature Death

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20 Healthy Living 0 0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 Self-reported health PAGEADULTS 13 REPORTING THEIR OWN HEALTHHIV AS "EXCELLENT," How residents feel about their own health Self-Reported"VERY GOOD" Health OR "GOOD" (percent of adults) can be a good measure of overall mental Elmhurst and Corona 68% Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. and physical health. Sixty-eight percent of Queens Elmhurst and Corona residents rank their 76% health as “excellent,” “very good” or “good,” NYC 78% lower than the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 Highest: Upper West Side 93% goal for the city is at least 82%. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Less healthy More healthy Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 PAGE 14 Physical activity, diet and smoking PAGE 17 150 Sixty-nine percent of Elmhurst and Corona adultsAvoidable report gettingHospitalizations any physical activity in HEP C the past 30 days, similar to New Yorkers overall. The percentage of Elmhurst and Corona Federal guidelines adults who report eating at least one serving of fruits or vegetables in the past day is recommend similar to the citywide average of 87%. that adults get Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. 150 minutes of Sugary drink consumption can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, moderate exercise cavities, weight gain and obesity. Industry marketing can affect behavior and sugary each week. People drinks are heavily marketed to youth and communities of color. While sugary drink who are physically consumption has decreased to 23% in NYC, the TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce sugary drink active are more consumption to less than 19% citywide. Twenty percent of Elmhurst and Corona adults likely to live longer, drink at least one sugary drink a day. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 healthier lives.0 PAGE 18 The adult smoking rate in Elmhurst and CoronaFalls is similar to the rest of the borough and Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality other parts of NYC. The City is committed to reducing the citywide adult smoking rate to 12% by 2020.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, DIET AND SMOKING (percent of adults)

Elmhurst and Corona Queens NYC Highest %

Any physical activity in the past 30 days 69% 70% 73% 90% Financial District, Greenwich Village- Soho At least one serving of fruits or vegetables per day 88% 89% 87% 96% 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Financial0 100 District,200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 Greenwich Village- Soho

Elmhurst and Corona Queens NYC Lowest % CD NYC One or more 12-ounce sugary drinks Binge20% Drinking (use22% graph to 23%right to mark points)8% Premature per day Financial District, Death Greenwich Village- Soho Current smokers 15% 14% 14% 8% Upper East Side Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 13 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15 PAGE 12 PAGE 15 Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu amongAvoidable children hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100 Health Care 100 100 80 80 80 80 60 60 60 60 Access to health care 40 40 Citywide, the percentage of uninsured New Yorkers decreased in the last five years from Health insurance40 40 20% to 12%. In Elmhurst and Corona, 25% of adults are uninsured, higher than the rest can make it easier20 20 20 20 of NYC, and 9% report going without needed medical care in the past 12 months, similar to get affordable primary care, 0 0 to the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to have less than 9% of New Yorkers going 0 0 which can help without needed medical care. 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 New Yorkers PAGE 16 ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE (percent of adults) PAGE 13 manage chronicPAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV 80 Elmhurst and Corona Queens Self-ReportedNYC HealthLowest % conditions and HIV Self-Reported Health stay healthy. Adults without 25% 15% 12% 3%* Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. health insurance Stuyvesant Town Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. and Turtle Bay Adults without 9% 10% 10% 3%* needed medical care Bayside and Little Neck 0 20 40 60 80 100 *Interpret estimate with caution due to small sample size. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 PAGE 14 0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 Avoidable hospitalizations AVOIDABLE HOSPITALIZATIONS PAGE 17150 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 150 “Avoidable hospitalizations” are those that could be AvoidableAMONG ADULTS Hospitalizations (per 100,000 adults) HEP C prevented if adults had access to quality primary care. The rate of avoidable hospitalizations among adults in 892 Elmhurst and Corona Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Elmhurst and Corona is lower than the citywide rate. 1,028 Queens

1,033 NYC Lowest: Greenwich 426 Village and Soho

0 Source:200 New York400 State Department600 800 of Health,1000 Statewide1200 0 0 Planning200 and Research400 Cooperative600 800 System,1000 2014 1200 0 PAGE 18 PAGE 18 FallsFALL-RELATED HOSPITALIZATIONS AMONGPsychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality Fall-related hospitalizations Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality Elmhurst and Corona's rate of fall-related OLDER ADULTS (per 100,000 adults ages 65 and older) hospitalizations among adults ages 65 and older is lower than the citywide average. The TCNY 2020 goal 1,381 Elmhurst and Corona is fewer than 1,410 hospitalizations per 100,000 older 1,352 Queens adults citywide. 1,604 NYC

667 Lowest: Queens Village

0 Source: New500 York State 1000Department of1500 Health, Statewide2000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 Planning and500 Research Cooperative1000 System,1500 2012-20142000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. CD NYC For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY. CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) Premature Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) DeathPremature Death 14 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 Health Care

Influenza (flu) and pneumonia are the third leading causes of death in NYC. Everyone ages 6 months and older should get the flu vaccine every year.

Vaccinations The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine protects against cancers caused by HPV. The vaccine is recommended for all children between the ages of 11 and 12. Seventy-five percent of teens ages 13 to 17 inElmhurst and Corona receive all recommended doses of the HPV vaccine. Nearly half of Elmhurst and Corona adults report getting a flu vaccine in the past 12 months, similar to the rest of NYC.

PAGE 12PAGE 12 PAGE 15PAGEHPV 15 VACCINATION FLU VACCINATION (percent of teens ages 13 to 17 who received all (percent of adults) recommended doses of the vaccine) AvoidableAvoidable hospitalizations hospitalizations HPV HPV Flu Flu among childrenamong children 100 100 100 100 85% 75% More More 80 80 healthy 80 80 healthy 59% 62% 60 60 52% 60 60 45% 42% 43% 40 40 40 40

20 20 20 20 Less Less 0 0 healthy 0 0 healthy Elmhurst Queens NYC Highest: Elmhurst Queens NYC Highest: and Corona Hunts Point and Corona Upper West Side 0 100 200 0300 100400 200500 300600 400700 500800 600 700 800 PAGE 16PAGE 16 and Longwood 80 80 PAGE 13PAGE 13 HIV Sources:HIV HPV Vaccination: NYC DOHMH, Citywide Immunization Registry, 2017; Flu Vaccination: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 Self-ReportedSelf-Reported Health Health Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph applies Graph toapplies all CDs. to all CDs.

0 0 20 20 40 40 60 60 80 80100 100

0 0 PAGE 14PAGE 14 PAGE 17PAGE 17 150 150 AvoidableAvoidable Hospitalizations Hospitalizations HEP C HEP C

Edit in Indesign.Edit in Indesign. Graph applies Graph toapplies all CDs. to all CDs.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 15

0 200 0 400200600400800600100080012001000 1200 0 0 PAGE 18PAGE 18 Falls Falls PsychiatricPsychiatric hospitalizations hospitalizations Infant MortalityInfant Mortality

0 5000 1000500 10001500 15002000 2000 0 100 2000 300100400200500300600400700500800600 700 800 0 1 0 2 1 3 2 4 3 5 4 5

CD NYCCD NYC Binge DrinkingBinge Drinking (use graph (use to graph right to markright topoints) mark points) PrematurePremature Death Death

100 80 100 60 80 40 60 20 40 00 20 20 00 40 20 60 40 80 60 10080 100 Health Outcomes

Obesity, diabetes and hypertension Elmhurst and Corona's adult obesity rate is 23%, which is similar to the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce the obesity rate to less than 23% citywide. More than 700,000 adult New Yorkers have been told they have diabetes. An additional 164,000 are estimated to have diabetes but not be aware. Fourteen percent of Elmhurst and Corona adults have been diagnosed with diabetes and 27% of adults have been told they have hypertension. Rates for both are similar to the rest of NYC. OBESITY, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION (percent of adults) Elmhurst and Corona Queens NYC Lowest % Obesity can lead Obesity 23% 22% 24% 4% to diabetes, high Financial District, blood pressure Greenwich and other health Village- Soho conditions. Diabetes 14% 11% 11% 3% Financial District, Hypertension, Greenwich also known as high Village- Soho blood pressure, is a Hypertension 27% 28% 28% 15% leading risk factor Financial District, for heart disease Greenwich and stroke. Village- Soho

Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016

New HIV diagnoses Getting an HIV test is the first step to accessing treatment if you are positive or developing an HIV prevention strategy if you are negative.

NEW HIV DIAGNOSES (per 100,000 people) 80

24.0 25.0 NYC

17.8 Queens 0 Elmhurst and Corona Source: NYC DOHMH, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Registry, 2016

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

16 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 20 40 60 80 100

0 PAGE 14 PAGE 17 150 Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C

PAGE 12 PAGE 15 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children Health Outcomes 100 100 80 80

60 60 New hepatitis C reports 40 40 Hepatitis C is a 0virus that200 damages400 the600 liver. New800 Yorkers1000 born1200 between 1945 and 1965 and people0 who have ever injected drugs should be tested because hepatitis C can be cured. 20 20 PAGE 18 NEW HEPATITISFalls C REPORTS (per 100,000 people) 0 Psychiatric hospitalizations0 Infant Mortality 150 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health

Edit in Indesign.71.8 Graph applies to all CDs. NYC 48.3 33.5 Queens

0 020 50040 100060 150080 2000100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 Elmhurst and Corona Source: NYC DOHMH, Communicable Disease Surveillance Registry, 2016 0 PAGE 14 CD NYC PAGE 17 Binge drinking 150 AvoidableBinge Hospitalizations Drinking (use graph to rightHEP C to mark points) Premature Binge drinking is linked to high-risk behaviors and chronic health problems. The binge drinking rate in Elmhurst and Death Corona is similar to the rest of NYC. The TCNY 2020 goal is to reduce binge drinking to less than 17% citywide. Edit inQueens Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs. BINGE DRINKING (percent of adults) 9% 14% 15% 17%

Lowest: Elmhurst NYC Bensonhurst and Corona Note: Binge drinking is defined as five or more drinks for men and four or more drinks for women on one occasion during the past 30 days. Source: NYC DOHMH, Community Health Survey, 2015-2016 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 Psychiatric hospitalizations PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALIZATIONS PAGE 18 The rateFalls of adult psychiatric hospitalization in Elmhurst Psychiatric(per 100,000 adults) hospitalizations Infant Mortality100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 and Corona is lower than the citywide rate. 440 Elmhurst and Corona High psychiatric hospitalization rates likely reflect the challenges residents in 513 Queens underresourced neighborhoods face, including 676 NYC difficulty accessing preventive services and early care, greater exposure to stressors and 223 Lowest: Woodside and Sunnyside interruptions in health insurance coverage.

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 Source:100 New200 York300 State400 Department500 600 of700 Health,800 Statewide Planning and Research 0 1 2 3 4 5 Cooperative System, 2015

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 17

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 PAGE 12 PAGE 15

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

80 80

60 60

40 40

20 20

0 0

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health PAGE 12 PAGE 15 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

Avoidable hospitalizations HPV Flu among children 100 100

0 20 40 60 80 80 100 80

60 0 60 PAGE 14 40 PAGE 17 40 150 HEP C Avoidable Hospitalizations 20 20

0 0 Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 PAGE 16 80 PAGE 13 HIV Self-Reported Health HealthEdit in Indesign. Outcomes Graph applies to all CDs. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 0 PAGE 18 Falls Psychiatric hospitalizations Infant Mortality INFANT MORTALITY (per 1,000 live births) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Infant mortality NYC’s infant mortality rate has declined in recent years. 3.7 Elmhurst and Corona In Elmhurst0 and Corona the infant mortality rate is lower PAGE 14 than the citywide rate. The TCNY 2020 goal is a citywide PAGE 17 4.0 Queens rate150 of less than 4.4 per 1,000 live births. Avoidable Hospitalizations HEP C 4.4 NYC

0.8* Lowest: Upper East Side Edit in Indesign. Graph applies to all CDs.

0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0*Interpret1 estimate2 with caution3 due 4to small number5 of events. Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2013-2015 CD NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points)Premature death Premature Cancer and heart disease are the leadingDeath causes of premature death (death before the age of 65) in Elmhurst and 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Corona0 , similar to the rest of NYC. However, Elmhurst and Corona residents die prematurely at a lower rate. Lung cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer (amongPAGE women) 18 are the three leading causes of cancer-related premature Falls Psychiatricdeath hospitalizationsin Elmhurst and Corona. Infant Mortality

NYC’s premature mortality rate (death before age 65) decreased 19% from 2006 to 2015. However, longstanding disparities persist. People living in high-poverty neighborhoods and Black New Yorkers are dying before age 65 at higher rates.

100 80 60 40 20 00 20 40 60 80 100 TOP CAUSES OF PREMATURE DEATH rate of death before age 65 per 100,000 people (number of deaths) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 4 5 Rank Elmhurst and Corona NYC Rank Overall rate 105.2CD 169.5NYC Binge Drinking (use graph to right to mark points) Premature 34.6 46.2 Cancer Death1 (300) 1 16.3 32.9 Heart disease 2 (141) 2 5.3 6.4 Accidents (excluding drug poisoning) 3 (45) 4 4.4 5.1 Suicide 4 (38) 7 3.0 6.0 Diabetes mellitus 5 (26) 5

Note: NYC rate includes premature deaths among NYC residents100 only80 and will60 differ from40 other published20 sources.00 20 40 60 80 100 Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2011-2015

Take Care New York 2020 (TCNY 2020) is the City’s blueprint for giving everyone the chance to live a healthier life. For more information, visit nyc.gov/health and search for TCNY.

18 COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA Notes

Neighborhood Definitions The 59 Community Districts (CDs) were established citywide by local law in 1975. For a complete listing of all CDs and their boundaries, visit communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. The CDs correspond to NYC Community Boards, which are local representative bodies. The names of neighborhoods within CDs are not officially designated. The names used in this document are not an exhaustive list of all known neighborhood names within this area.

Analyses For most data, 95% confidence intervals were calculated for CD, For a complete dataset borough and NYC estimates. If the confidence intervals did not overlap, including numbers, rates and a significant difference was inferred. This is a conservative measure of confidence intervals, as well statistical difference. For most population-level data, if a CD rate was as more technical notes on within 5% of the NYC estimate, the CD was considered similar to NYC, neighborhood definitions, otherwise the CD rate was considered higher or lower than the NYC analyses and data sources estimate. For Community Health Survey data, a t-test comparing the CD with complete citations, visit with the rest of NYC and the rest of the borough was conducted where nyc.gov/health and search for p-values ≤0.05 were considered an indication of statistical significance. Community Health Profiles or Report text highlights significant findings but does not include all visit on.nyc.gov/chp. significant results. Thepublic use dataset contains additional data.

Most estimates were evaluated for statistical stability. Estimates with a relative standard error (RSE) > 30% or with a small sample size or small numbers of events (≤ 10) are flagged as follows: “Interpret estimate with caution due to small number of events or small sample size.”

Acknowledgements Thank you to all the individuals who contributed to these reports: Loren Adams, Nellie Afshar, Tracy Agerton, Tejumadé Ajaiyeoba, Amaka Anekwe, Sonia Angell, Andrea Archer, Hannah Arnett, George Askew, Zinzi Bailey, María Baquero, Katherine Bartley, Gary Belkin, Oni Blackstock, Angelica Bocour, Sarah Braunstein, Shadi Chamany, Kuen (Iris) Cheng, Aldo Crossa, Gretchen Culp, Kisha Cummings, Sophia Day, Danielle De Souza, Regan Deming, MaryAnn Dogo-Isonagie, Christine Dominianni, Carlos Espada, Stephanie Evergreen, Shannon Farley, Stephanie Farquhar, Pauline Ferrante, Alison Frazzini, Lawrence Fung, Patrick Germain, Sasha Gibbel, Olivia Giordano, Sharon Greene, Sophia Greer, Danielle Gurr, Samson Hadush Mesfin, Myla Harrison, Fangtao He, Charisma Hooda, Seth Hostetter, Mary Huynh, Stephen Immerwahr, John Jasek, Jillian Jessup, Sarah Johnson, Kim Kessler, Kevin Konty, Hillary Kunins, Kathryn Lane, Marisa Langdon-Embry, Michael Larkin, Rachael Lazar, Carl Letamendi, Wenhui Li, Sungwoo Lim, Constance Lopez, Joseph Lormel, David Lucero, Nneka Lundy De La Cruz, Chantol Manning, Karen Aletha Maybank, Alejandra McDonough, Wendy Mckelvey, Katharine McVeigh, Aaron Mettey, Chris Miller, Caroline Mills, Tanicha Miranda, Brent Morita, Julia Morrill, Christina Norman, Carolyn Olson, Emiko Otsubo, Denise Paone, Vassiliki Papadouka, Sneha Patel, Sarah Perl, Parppim Pimmaratana, Roger Platt, Angeline Protacio, Lisa Ramadhar, Kathleen Reilly, Susan Resnick, Sojourner Rivers, Rebekkah Robbins, Subir Saha, Hannah Searing, Amber Levanon Seligson, Sophie Sharps, Tejinder Singh, Ariel Spira-Cohen, Catherine Stayton, Ying Sun, Cassiopeia Toner, Kadiatou Traore, Maryellen Tria, Tsu-Yu Tsao, Ellenie Tuazon, Rugile Tuskeviciute, Mary-Elizabeth Vachon, Gretchen Van Wye, Ashwin Vasan, Aishwarya Viswanath, Sarah Walters, Amy Wang, Jeannette Williams, Ricky Wong, Yihong Zhao, Jane Zucker and Kimberly Zweig.

COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2018: ELMHURST AND CORONA 19 Life Expectancy by Community District

Elmhurst and Corona’s average life expectancy is 4.4 years longer than NYC overall.

75.1-79.6 years 85.6 79.7-81.4 years Life Expectancy

81.5-83.8 years

83.9-85.9 years

Unpopulated areas

Source: NYC DOHMH, Bureau of Vital Statistics, 2006-2015

Want more maps? Please visit nyc.gov and search for Community Health Profiles Atlas.

Contact information: For reports on the other 58 Community Districts, please visit nyc.gov and search for Community Health Profiles or email [email protected]. Copyright©2018 The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. The NYC Community Health Profiles feature information about 59 neighborhoods in NYC.

Suggested citation: Hinterland K, Naidoo M, King L, Lewin V, Myerson G, Noumbissi B, Woodward M, Gould LH, Gwynn RC, Barbot O, Bassett MT. Community Health Profiles 2018, Queens Community District 4: Elmhurst and Corona; 2018; 46(59):1-20.