Development and Humanitarian Issues
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ETHIOPIA: the Situation of Human Rights Defenders from Bad to Worse
THE OBSERVATORY for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders L’OBSERVATOIRE EL OBSERVATORIO pour la protection para la Protección des défenseurs des droits de l’Homme de los Defensores de los Derechos Humanos Report International Mission of Judicial Observation ETHIOPIA: The Situation of Human Rights Defenders From Bad to Worse INTRODUCTION . 5 I. THE MAY 2005 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS AND THE WAVES OF VIOLENCE TRIGGERED . 9 II. THE ”TREASON” TRIAL. 15 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS . 24 ANNEXES . 26 International Federation for Human Rights World Organisation Against Torture 17, Passage de la Main d'Or75 011 Case postale 21 - 8 rue du Vieux-Billard Paris, France 1211 Geneva 8, Switzerland n°463/2 - December 2006 ETHIOPIA: The Situation of Human Rights Defenders From Bad to Worse TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 5 A. Rationale and objectives of the mission . 5 B. Working methods and definitions. 5 C. Ethiopia in a nutshell . 6 1) General data. 6 2) History . 7 I. THE MAY 2005 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS AND THE WAVES OF VIOLENCE TRIGGERED . 9 A. The pre-election context . 9 The constitutional right of NGOs to monitor the elections under threat . 9 B. The May 2005 elections . 9 1) The fairness of the elections under question . 10 2) The Controversial official results . 10 C. The June events . 10 D. The November Events . 11 E. The Inquiry Commission and its controversial findings . 12 1) Composition and mandate of the Inquiry Commission . 12 2) The findings of the "leaked report": the use of excessive force led to the death of 193 civilians . 12 3) The findings of the official report: same civilian death poll but no use of excessive force. -
Jawar Mohammed Biography: the Interesting Profile of an Influential Man
Jawar Mohammed Biography: The Interesting Profile of an Influential Man Jawar Mohammed is the energetic, dynamic and controversial political face of the majority of young Ethiopian Oromo’s, who now have been given the green light to freely participate in the country’s changing political scene. It is evident that he now has a wide reaching network that spans across continents, namely, the Americas, Europe, and obviously Africa. Jawar has perfected the art of disseminating his views to reach his massive audience base through the expert use of the many media outlets, some of which he runs. His OMN (Oromia Media Network) was a constant source of information for those hoping to hear and watch the news from a TV broadcast that was not associated with the government. Furthermore, Jawar’s handling of Facebook with a following of no less than 1.2 million people, as well as, his skillful use of various other social media tools has helped firmly place him as an important and influential leader in today's ever changing Ethiopian political landscape. Jawar Mohammed: Childhood Jawar Mohammed was born in Dumuga (Dhummugaa), a small and quiet rural town located on the border of Hararghe and Arsi within the Oromia region of Ethiopia. His parents were considered to be one of the first in the area to have an inter-religious marriage. Some estimates claim that Dumuga, is largely an Islamic town, with over 90% of the population adhering to the Muslim faith. His father being a Muslim opted to marry a Christian woman, thereby; the young couple destroyed one of the age old social norms and customs in Dumuga. -
Managing Ethiopia's Transition
Managing Ethiopia’s Unsettled Transition $IULFD5HSRUW1 _ )HEUXDU\ +HDGTXDUWHUV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ULVLV*URXS $YHQXH/RXLVH %UXVVHOV%HOJLXP 7HO )D[ EUXVVHOV#FULVLVJURXSRUJ Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Anatomy of a Crisis ........................................................................................................... 2 A. Popular Protests and Communal Clashes ................................................................. 3 B. The EPRDF’s Internal Fissures ................................................................................. 6 C. Economic Change and Social Malaise ....................................................................... 8 III. Abiy Ahmed Takes the Reins ............................................................................................ 12 A. A Wider Political Crisis .............................................................................................. 12 B. Abiy’s High-octane Ten Months ................................................................................ 15 IV. Internal Challenges and Opportunities ............................................................................ 21 A. Calming Ethnic and Communal Conflict .................................................................. -
Shambel Meressa Advisor
ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY ADDIS ABABA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Assessment of Potential Causes of Construction Delay in Tunnels; A Case Study at Awash-Weldiya Railway project By: Shambel Meressa Advisor: Girmay Kahssay (Dr.) A Thesis submitted to the school of Civil and Environmental Engineering Presented in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Master of Science (Railway Civil Engineering) Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia October 2017 Assessment of Potential Causes of Construction Delay in Tunnels; A Case Study at Awash-Weldiya Railway project Shambel Meressa A Thesis Submitted to The School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Presented in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (Railway Civil Engineering) Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa, Ethiopia October 2017 Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Institute of Technology School of Civil and Environmental Engineering This is to certify that the thesis prepared by Shambel Meressa, entitled: “Assessment of potential causes of construction delay in tunnels; a case study at Awash-Weldiya railway project” and submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Sciences (Railway Civil Engineering) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Approved by the Examining Committee: Internal Examiner ___________________________ Signature ___________ Date ___________ External Examiner _________________________ Signature____________ Date ____________ Advisor __________________________________ Signature ___________ Date ____________ _____________________________________________________ School or Center Chair Person Assessment of Potential Causes of Construction Delay in Tunnels; A Case Study at Awash- Weldiya Railway Project Declaration I declare that this thesis entitled “Assessment of Potential Causes of Construction Delay in Tunnels; A Case Study at Awash-Weldiya Railway Project” is my original work. -
20210714 Access Snapshot- Tigray Region June 2021 V2
ETHIOPIA Tigray: Humanitarian Access Snapshot (July 2021) As of 31 July 2021 The conflict in Tigray continues despite the unilateral ceasefire announced by the Ethiopian Federal Government on 28 June, which resulted in the withdrawal of the Ethiopian National Overview of reported incidents July Since Nov July Since Nov Defense Forces (ENDF) and Eritrea’s Defense Forces (ErDF) from Tigray. In July, Tigray forces (TF) engaged in a military offensive in boundary areas of Amhara and Afar ERITREA 13 153 2 14 regions, displacing thousands of people and impacting access into the area. #Incidents impacting Aid workers killed Federal authorities announced the mobilization of armed forces from other regions. The Amhara region the security of aid Tahtay North workers Special Forces (ASF), backed by ENDF, maintain control of Western zone, with reports of a military Adiyabo Setit Humera Western build-up on both sides of the Tekezi river. ErDF are reportedly positioned in border areas of Eritrea and in SUDAN Kafta Humera Indasilassie % of incidents by type some kebeles in North-Western and Eastern zones. Thousands of people have been displaced from town Central Eastern these areas into Shire city, North-Western zone. In line with the Access Monitoring and Western Korarit https://bit.ly/3vcab7e May Reporting Framework: Electricity, telecommunications, and banking services continue to be disconnected throughout Tigray, Gaba Wukro Welkait TIGRAY 2% while commercial cargo and flights into the region remain suspended. This is having a major impact on Tselemti Abi Adi town May Tsebri relief operations. Partners are having to scale down operations and reduce movements due to the lack Dansha town town Mekelle AFAR 4% of fuel. -
Life As an Eritrean Refugee: an Ethnographic Study of Eritrean Refugees in Mekelle
Running on Hope - Life as an Eritrean Refugee: An Ethnographic Study of Eritrean Refugees in Mekelle Gunn Berit Obrestad Master thesis submitted to Department of Social Anthropology University of Oslo May 2017 i © Gunn Berit Obrestad 2017 Running on Hope – Life as an Eritrean Refugee: An Ethnographic Study of Eritrean Refugees in Mekelle Gunn Berit Obrestad http://www.duo.uio.no/ University of Oslo: Reprosentralen ii Running on Hope - Life as an Eritrean Refugee: An Ethnographic Study of Eritrean Refugees in Mekelle iii I dedicate this thesis to a hope – a hope, in which we may all engage, that we transcend our fears and share this world. “Why don’t the boats that are saving the people in the water pick them up in Libya instead; instead of waiting until they are in the water. They know they are planning to go on the boats”- An Eritrean refugee. iv Abstract This thesis gives an account of some Eritrean refugees’ lives in Mekelle and their engagement with the future. My informants belonged to the Tigrinya-speaking group that straddle the border between Eritrea and Ethiopia. They were temporarily stuck in Ethiopia but most envisioned migrating further, to a place where they could picture a future. As a result, this thesis is both local and global in scope. I investigate how Eritrean refugees navigate the complex two-sided ambivalence in the relationship between themselves and the locals in Mekelle, through theoretical frameworks of borders, boundaries, reconciliation and social networks. I argue that the way my informants navigate the ambiguous relationship between themselves and the locals is best explained within a “dividual” and processual understanding of identity and the self. -
Ethiopia Elections 2021: Journalist Safety Kit
Ethiopia elections 2021: Journalist safety kit Ethiopia is scheduled to hold general elections later this year amid heightened tensions across the country. Military conflict broke out in the Tigray region in November 2020, and is ongoing; over the past year, several other regions have witnessed significant levels of violence and fatalities as a result of protests and inter-ethnic clashes, according to media reports. Voters line up to cast their votes in Ethiopia's general election on May 24, 2015, in Addis Ababa, the capital. Ethiopians will vote in general elections later in 2021. (AP/Mulugeata Ayene) At least seven journalists were behind bars in Ethiopia as of December 1, 2020, according to CPJ research, and authorities are clamping down on critical media outlets, as documented by CPJ and media reports. The statutory regulator, the Ethiopia Media Authority, withdrew the credentials of New York Times correspondent Simon Marks in March and later expelled him from the country, alleging unbalanced coverage. The regulator has sent warnings to media outlets and agencies, including The Associated Press, for their reporting on the Tigray conflict, according to media reports. Journalists and media workers covering the elections anywhere in Ethiopia should be aware of a number of risks, including--but not limited to--communication blackouts; getting caught up in violent protests, inter-ethnic clashes, and/or military operations; physical harassment and 1 intimidation; online trolling and bullying; and government restrictions on movement, including curfews. CPJ Emergencies has compiled this safety kit for journalists covering the elections. The kit contains information for editors, reporters, and photojournalists on how to prepare for the general election cycle, and how to mitigate physical and digital risk. -
Horn of Africa
Horn of Africa A Region of Changes and Challenges Documentation Compiled by Hans-Ulrich Stauffer Afrika-Komitee Basel, Switzerland September 2018 Port of Massawa Contents Introduction 3 Comment 4 Eritrea 7 Eritrea-Ethiopia 22 Eritrea-Somalia 42 Eritrea-Djibouti 47 Eritrea-South Sudan 50 Eritrea-Ethiopia-Somalia 51 Ethiopia 52 Djibouti 62 Djibouti-Somalia 81 Special: Tigrai’s view 81 2 Introduction By Hans-Ulrich Stauffer, Afrika-Komitee, Basel In June 2018, the Ethiopian Prime Minister, Dr. Achmed Abiy, accepted the Algiers Agree- ment and the Ethiopian-Eritrean Border Ruling. This move came for many by surprise. The announcement was welcomed by the Eritrean Authorities. On 9th of July both countries an- nounced a joint declaration of peace. All these developments have been documented in my first publication “A new Era: Eritrea – Ethiopia in Peace”1. Since then the drive to peace and cooperation between the two countries have gained mo- mentum. Furthermore, it spread all over the crises-ridden region of the Horn of Africa. Eritrea settled the longstanding dispute with Somalia. Djibouti and Eritrea decided to settle the border issue. Ethiopia urged Eritrean opposition groups to not work from Ethiopian terri- tory against Eritrea no more. Eritrea herself broke peace agreements with Ethiopian opposi- tion groups and their military wings. With the agreements with Somalia and Djibouti, Eritrea is next to the lifting of the UN-sanctions. Meanwhile the harbors of Massawa and Assab are open for Ethiopian imports and exports. The first Ethiopian ship to dock at Massawa was “Mekelle”, named after the capital city of Tigray – what a symbolic sign! Plans being made to build an oil-pipeline from Assab to Addis Abeba and to revamp the oil refinery of Assab. -
ETHIOPIA Food Security Outlook Update November 2011
ETHIOPIA Food Security Outlook Update November 2011 Good rains likely to stabilize food security in the south The October to December Deyr rains are performing well Figure 1. Most-likely food security outcomes (October in most parts of the southern and southeastern pastoral to December 2011) and agropastoral areas, easing the shortage of pastoral resources. This, coupled with ongoing humanitarian assistance, will continue to stabilize food security among poor and very poor households in these areas. Nonetheless, about 4 million people will continue to require humanitarian assistance through the end of 2011 across the country. Prices of staple foods have generally started declining following the fresh Meher harvest, although they remain higher than the five‐year average. This will continue to constrain access to food over the coming months among the rural and urban poor who heavily depend on purchase to fulfill their minimum food requirements. For more information on FEWS NET’s Food Insecurity Severity Scale, During the January to March 2012 period, Crisis level food please see: www.fews.net/FoodInsecurityScale insecurity will extend to the dominantly Belg producing Source: FEWS NET Ethiopia and WFP zones in the northeastern highlands as well as into some marginal Meher cropping areas due to the below normal Figure 2. Most‐likely food security outcomes (January to 2011 harvests. Similarly, as the long dry season March 2012) (December to March) progresses, deterioration in food security is likely in some southern pastoral and agropastoral woredas which were severely affected by the recent drought. Updated food security outlook through March 2012 Food security in most parts of the country has stabilized as a result of improved market supply and declining prices following the Meher harvest, ongoing humanitarian assistance, and the current good Deyr/Hageya rains in the southern and southeast pastoral and agropastoral. -
AMHARA REGION : Who Does What Where (3W) (As of 13 February 2013)
AMHARA REGION : Who Does What Where (3W) (as of 13 February 2013) Tigray Tigray Interventions/Projects at Woreda Level Afar Amhara ERCS: Lay Gayint: Beneshangul Gumu / Dire Dawa Plan Int.: Addis Ababa Hareri Save the fk Save the Save the df d/k/ CARE:f k Save the Children:f Gambela Save the Oromia Children: Children:f Children: Somali FHI: Welthungerhilfe: SNNPR j j Children:l lf/k / Oxfam GB:af ACF: ACF: Save the Save the af/k af/k Save the df Save the Save the Tach Gayint: Children:f Children: Children:fj Children:l Children: l FHI:l/k MSF Holand:f/ ! kj CARE: k Save the Children:f ! FHI:lf/k Oxfam GB: a Tselemt Save the Childrenf: j Addi Dessie Zuria: WVE: Arekay dlfk Tsegede ! Beyeda Concern:î l/ Mirab ! Concern:/ Welthungerhilfe:k Save the Children: Armacho f/k Debark Save the Children:fj Kelela: Welthungerhilfe: ! / Tach Abergele CRS: ak Save the Children:fj ! Armacho ! FHI: Save the l/k Save thef Dabat Janamora Legambo: Children:dfkj Children: ! Plan Int.:d/ j WVE: Concern: GOAL: Save the Children: dlfk Sahla k/ a / f ! ! Save the ! Lay Metema North Ziquala Children:fkj Armacho Wegera ACF: Save the Children: Tenta: ! k f Gonder ! Wag WVE: Plan Int.: / Concern: Save the dlfk Himra d k/ a WVE: ! Children: f Sekota GOAL: dlf Save the Children: Concern: Save the / ! Save: f/k Chilga ! a/ j East Children:f West ! Belesa FHI:l Save the Children:/ /k ! Gonder Belesa Dehana ! CRS: Welthungerhilfe:/ Dembia Zuria ! î Save thedf Gaz GOAL: Children: Quara ! / j CARE: WVE: Gibla ! l ! Save the Children: Welthungerhilfe: k d k/ Takusa dlfj k -
Newsletter-February-2017-Edition
Ethiopian Embassy in Berlin – Monthly Newsletter Issue 02/2017 ETHIO NEWS Politics to Ethiopia. Prime Minister Hailemariam nich, Germany from 17 to 19 February. Dessalegn and Foreign Minister Dr. Wor- Among the key topics of this year's MSC LIBERIAN PRESIDENT’S kneh Gebeyehu welcomed the President 2017 were Cyber, Health, Energy and Cli- STATE VISIT TO ETHIOPIA and his accompanying high-ranking dele- mate Security issues, Terrorism and Extre- gation at Bole International Airport on Feb- mism, the war in Syria and the future of the ruary 24. The Prime Minister and President European Security Order. European and Kiir held a bilateral meeting on Ethio-South Global Cooperation as well as Global Sudan relations, humanitarian situation, Order were also among issues on the the drought in the region and South Su- agenda. dan's peace process. In welcoming Presi- The Conference offered an opportunity for dent Salva Kiir to Ethiopia, the Prime a number of bilateral talks for Ethiopia, and Minister underlined the longstanding and Dr. Workneh held meetings with the High President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and Prime historic relations between the two coun- Representative of the European Union for Minister Hailemariam Desalegn tries and peoples and stressed that Ethio- Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Photo:mfa pia's policy towards South Sudan was Vice- President of the European Commis- Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf premised on the principle of good sion, Ms. Federica Mogherini and the UK's began her state visit to Ethiopia on Febru- neighborliness, mutual trust and confi- Secretary of State for Foreign and Com- ary 28. -
Dismantling Dissent Intensified Crackdown on Free Speech in Ethiopia
DISMANTLING DISSENT INTENSIFIED CRACKDOWN ON FREE SPEECH IN ETHIOPIA Amnesty International Publications First published in 2011 by Amnesty International Publications International Secretariat Peter Benenson House 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW United Kingdom www.amnesty.org © Amnesty International Publications 2011 Index: AFR 25/011/2011 Original Language: English Printed by Amnesty International, International Secretariat, United Kingdom All rights reserved. This publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee for advocacy, campaigning and teaching purposes, but not for resale. The copyright holders request that all such use be registered with them for impact assessment purposes. For copying in any other circumstances, or for reuse in other publications, or for translation or adaptation, prior written permission must be obtained from the publishers, and a fee may be payable. To request permission, or for any other inquiries, please contact [email protected] Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 3 million supporters, members and activists in more than 150 countries and territories who campaign to end grave abuses of human rights. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. CONTENTS Summary ..........................................................................................................................5