Renewing the Creative Economy of New Mexico
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Building on the Past, Facing the Future: Renewing the Creative Economy of New Mexico Jeffrey Mitchell And Gillian Joyce With Steven Hill And Ashley M. Hooper 2014 This report was commissioned by the New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs and prepared by UNM’s Bureau of Business and Economic Research. As will be discussed in this report, we interviewed arts and culture workers and entrepreneurs across the state of New Mexico. We asked them for two words to describe New Mexico in general and for two words to describe how New Mexico has changed. We entered these data into a ’word cloud’ software program. The program visually represents the data so that the more often a word is mentioned, the larger it appears. The figure above is a representation of the words offered by members of the New Mexico creative economy when interviewed for this project. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Secretary Veronica Gonzales for her vision – without her, this project would not have been possible. Also, at the Department of Cultural Affairs we would like to thank Anne Green-Romig, Loie Fecteau and Paulius Narbutas for their support and patience. At the Department of Tourism, we would like to thank Jim Orr for his help with tourism data. We owe a debt of gratitude to the more than 200 arts and culture workers throughout the state who took time out of their days to offer their insights and experiences in the arts and culture industries of New Mexico. At UNM-BBER, we would like to thank Jessica Hitch for her intrepid data collection, Catherine A. Trujillo and Skyler Atterbom for their careful attention to the assembling and copyediting of the document, Carolyn Lopez for her help with interviews, and Heaven Handley and Daren Ruiz for their help with mapmaking. And as always, we would like to thank our director, Lee Reynis, for her perennial support, insight and patience. We take full responsibility for any errors or oversights that may be contained within this report. Jeffrey Mitchell Gillian Joyce Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….iv Executive Summary………………………………………………………………..……………………………………............. vi 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................1 2. The Economic Impact of Arts and Cultural Industries in New Mexico ........................................2 2.1 The Cultural Economy: Definitions and Methodology ....................................................2 2.2 The Economic Impact of Arts and Cultural Industries in New Mexico ............................5 2.3 Summary of Economic Impacts .......................................................................................30 3. New Mexico’s Arts and Cultural Economy: A Review of Major Sectors ......................................32 3.1 Artists in New Mexico ......................................................................................................32 3.2 Arts and Cultural Commerce ............................................................................................37 3.3 Funding Arts and Cultural Organizations .........................................................................52 3.4 Museums ..........................................................................................................................62 3.5 Public Libraries .................................................................................................................72 3.6 Parks and Monuments .....................................................................................................82 3.7 Cultural Tourism ...............................................................................................................93 3.8 Heritage and Craft Industries ...........................................................................................102 3.9 Historic Preservation ........................................................................................................110 4. Opportunities and Challenges for Creative Enterprises in New Mexico .....................................128 4.1 A survey of 123 Creative Entrepreneurs in New Mexico .................................................129 4.2 New Mexico as a Small Pond ...........................................................................................131 4.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of New Mexico as a Place to Create .............................133 4.4 Arts and Culture Professionals: Commitment to Living and Working in .........................152 New Mexico. ..........................................................................................................................152 4.5 New Mexico: A Small Pond – Or Many Smaller Ponds? ..................................................159 4.6 Conclusion: Zero Sum Game or a Global Opening for New Mexico’s .............................161 Creative Economy? ................................................................................................................161 5. Positioning New Mexico’s Creative Economy for the 21st Century: Policy Recommendations ..164 5.1 A review of findings .........................................................................................................164 5.2 Capacity Building and Business Development in Creative Industries ..............................167 5.3 Authenticity, place making and community development .............................................174 5.4 Arts and Cultural Education and Engagement .................................................................182 5.5 Integration, Markets and Branding ..................................................................................186 6. Bibliography .................................................................................................................................194 7. Appendices ...................................................................................................................................209 7.1 NEFA Cultural Industries ..................................................................................................209 7.2 NEFA Cultural Occupations ..............................................................................................211 UNM Bureau of Business & Economic Research i List of Tables Table 1. Employment, Wages and Output in Cultural Industries in New Mexico ..........................5 Table 2. Employment and Location Quotients for NEFA Industry Groups (2007). ........................7 Table 3. Employment and Sales for Artists, Writers and Performers in New Mexico, Albuquerque MSA, Santa Fe MSA and the Rest of the State (2007). ...............................8 Table 4. Location Quotients for Cultural Occupations in New Mexico, by Region (2007-2011) ...13 Table 5. Location Quotients for Artists, by Occupation, in New Mexico, by Region (2007-2011) .13 Table 6. Employment and Wages in New Mexico’s Heritage Industries, 2010 ..............................24 Table 7. Expenditures by State and Local Government and EXPO New Mexico on Arts and Cultural Activities (Fiscal Year 2010) .................................................................................27 Table 8. Revenues to State and Local Governments and EXPO New Mexico from Arts and Cultural Industries (Fiscal Year 2010) ................................................................................28 Table 9. NM Department of Cultural Affairs Budget, by Funding Source, FY2012 (‘000s) ............29 Table 10. Seating Capacity, Events and Attendance at the Largest Performance Venues in New Mexico (2011) ....................................................................................................................44 Table 11. New Mexico Recipients of Foundation Grants, 2003-2010. .............................................54 Table 12. Foundation Grants to New Mexico by Activity, 2003-2010 ..............................................55 Table 13. Summary of New Mexico Arts Funding and Impacts for Fiscal Year 2011 .......................57 Table 14. Grants by the National Endowment of the Arts to New Mexico, by County ....................59 Table 15. Visitation to Museums in New Mexico, by City and Type (2008-2011) ............................64 Table 16. Museum and Park Visitation, Revenues and Costs per Visit FY2011 ................................65 Table 17. Key Libraries Indicators, Rural and Urban New Mexico, 2007 and 2011 ..........................75 Table 18. National Parks Visitation in New Mexico (2008-2011) .....................................................86 Table 19. Visitation and User Fees for State Historical Parks (FY2011 and FY2012) ........................88 Table 20. Visits to New Mexico State Monuments, 2011. ................................................................92 Table 21. Cultural Activities of Overnight Visitors and Daytrips in New Mexico (2011) ..................96 Table 22. New Deal Works Projects in New Mexico, by City. ...........................................................115 Table 23. Speakers of Native American Languages, 2007-2011 .......................................................120 UNM Bureau of Business & Economic Research ii List of Figures Figure 1. Employment in the Cultural Economy in New Mexico, by Sector...................................6 Figure 2. Location Quotients for New Mexico Cultural Industries, by NEFA Industry Groups .....9 Figure 3. Percentage of Public Libraries Reporting Flat or Decreased Operating Budgets ............77