City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Dissertations and Theses City College of New York 2014 A Phylogeographic study of two neotropical bird species, the Red- Headed Manakin (Pipna rubrocapilla) and the White-crowned Manakin (Dixiphia pipra). Ivandy Castro-Astor CUNY City College How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/217 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact:
[email protected] Phylogeographic Study of two Neotropical bird species, the Red-headed Manakin (Pipra rubrocapilla) and White-crowned Manakin (Dixiphia pipra) IVANDY N. CASTRO-ASTOR The City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave., New York, NY 10031 Masters Committee: Dr. Ana Carolina Carnaval (Main Advisor) Dr. Joel Cracraft Dr. Robert P. Anderson Abstract. I combine mitochondrial DNA sequence data and paleoclimatic distribution models to analyze phylogeographic patterns and the historical demography of two Neotropical manakin species distributed along the Amazonian and Brazilian coastal forests: Pipra rubrocapilla and Dixiphia pipra. My study also seeks to answer two main biogeographical questions: i) what was the influence of Late Quaternary climate change on the distribution of genetic diversity within these species, and ii) what can we infer about historical connections between Amazonian and Atlantic Forest populations. To this end, I sequence 1041 bp of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit II (ND2) of 74 individuals of P. rubrocapilla (26 localities) and 57 individuals of D. pipra (30 localities), and model the location of suitable climate for these two species under present-day conditions, the mid-Holocene (6,000 years ago, or 6 kya) conditions, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 kya), and the Last Interglacial (LIG, 120 kya).