SINET: Ethiop. J. Sci., 41(1):15–33, 2018 ISSN: 0379–2897 (PRINT) © College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, 2018 ISSN: 0379–2897 CONSEQUENCES OF DEFORESTATION ON BIRD DIVERSITY IN THE HAMUMA FOREST, SOUTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA Sena Gashe 1,2,*, Afework Bekele 1, Girma Mengesha 3 and Addisu Asefa 4 1Addis Ababa University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, P. O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. E-mail:
[email protected] 2 Bale Mountains National Park, P. O. Box 107, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia. 3 Wondo Gennet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, P. O. Box 15, Shashamanne, Ethiopia 4 Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority, P. O. Box 386, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ABSTRACT: The Afromontane forests of Ethiopia are global biodiversity hotspots, known for their high biological diversity and endemism. However, conservation of these areas is challenging due to increasing human-induced threats. In this study, the effects of forest disturbances on birds were examined in the Hamuma Forest, an Important Bird Area, in the south-western Ethiopia. Birds were sampled across two seasons in three habitat types: intact forest, cultivated land (forest converted to settlement and cultivation), and open land (open bush land, grasslands and open woodlands). Using bird assemblage and functional traits of birds related to habitat type, the differences among the habitat types were examined in terms of avian species richness, taxonomic diversity, abundance, and assemblage composition. Bird assemblage species richness and abundance were not significantly different between the forest and cultivated land habitats, but were significantly lower in the open land habitat than the former two habitat types.