List of Names 177
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List of Names 1 Allen, Douglas A.V. (later Lord Croham), Department of Economic Affairs: Deputy Under-Secretary, 1964–66; Second Permanent Under-Secretary, May–October, 1966; Permanent Under-Secretary, 1966–68. HM Treasury: Permanent Secretary, 1968–74. Bank of England: Adviser to the Governor, 1978–83. Armstrong, Robert T., Radcliffe Committee: Secretary, 1957–59. Prime Minister’s Principal Private Secretary, 1970–75. Cabinet Secretary, 1979–87. Armstrong, William, HM Treasury: Permanent Secretary, 1962–68. Head of the Civil Service, 1968–74. Ball, R. James, London Business School: Professor of Economics, 1965–97; Principal, 1972–84. Barnett, Joel, Chief Secretary to the Treasury, 1974–79. Berrill, Kenneth E., HM Treasury: Chief Economic Adviser, 1973–74. Head of Central Policy Review Staff, Cabinet Office, 1974–80. Biffen, W. John, Chief Secretary to the Treasury, 1979–81. Bridgeman, J. Michael, HM Treasury: Under Secretary, 1975–81. Brittan, Samuel, Department of Economic Affairs: Adviser, 1965. Financial Times : Economic Columnist since 1966, Assistant Editor, 1978–95. Britton, Andrew J., HM Treasury: Under Secretary, 1980–82. National Institute for Social and Economic Research: Director, 1982–95. Budd, Alan P., HM Treasury: Senior Economic Adviser, 1970–74. House of Commons Treasury and Civil Service Committee: Special Adviser, 1979–81. Burns, Terence, HM Treasury: Chief Economic Adviser, 1980–91. Cairncross, Alexander K., Radcliffe Committee, 1957–59. Head of Government Economic Service, 1964–69. Callaghan, L. James, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1964–67. Prime Minister 1976–79. Cassell, Frank, HM Treasury: Head of Monetary Policy Division, 1971–74; Head of Medium-Term Policy Analysis, 1976–83. Couzens, Kenneth E., HM Treasury: Deputy Secretary (Incomes Policy and Public Finance), 1973–77; Second Permanent Secretary (Overseas Finance), 1977–82. Crockett, Andrew D., Bank of England: Economics Department and Cashier’s Department, 1966–72. Dell, Edmund E., HM Paymaster General, 1974–76. Secretary of State for Trade, 1976–78. Dicks–Mireaux, Leslie A., Bank of England: Head of Economic Section, 1969–81. Donoughue, Bernard, No. 10 Policy Unit, 1974–79. Dow, J. Christopher R., Bank of England: Executive Director (Economics), 1973–81; Adviser to the Governors, 1981–84. Downey, Gordon S., HM Treasury: Under Secretary, 1972–76; Head of Central Unit, 1975; Deputy Secretary 1976–81. Central Policy Review Staff: Deputy Head, 1978–81. Evans, Arthur M. (Moss), Transport and General Workers Union: General Secretary, 1978–85. 175 176 List of Names Figgures, Frank E., HM Treasury: Third Secretary, 1965–68; Second Permanent Secretary, 1968–71. National Economic Development Office: Director General, 1971–73. Finch, C. David, IMF Deputy Director, 1966–80. Fforde, John S., Bank of England: Chief Cashier, 1966–70; Executive Director (Home Finance), 1970–82; Adviser to the Governors, (1982–84). Friedman, Milton, University of Chicago: Professor of Economics, 1948–82. Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, 1976. George, Edward A.J., Bank of England: Adviser on International Monetary Questions, 1974–77; Deputy Chief Cashier, 1977–80; Assistant Director, Gilt- edged Division, 1980–82, Executive Director (Home Finance), 1982–90; Deputy Governor, 1990–93; Governor, 1993–2003. Gilmour, Ian H.J.L., Secretary of State for Defence, 1974. Lord Privy Seal, 1979–81. Goodhart, Charles A.E., Department of Economic Affairs: Economic Adviser, 1965–67; Bank of England: Monetary Adviser, 1969–85; Chief Adviser, 1980–85. Healey, Denis W., Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1974–79. Higgins, Terence L.H., Minister of State, HM Treasury, 1970–72; Financial Secretary to HM Treasury, 1972–74. Hollom, Jasper Q., Bank of England: Executive Director (Home Finance), 1966–70; Deputy Governor, 1970–80. Hopkin, W.A. Bryan, HM Treasury: Deputy Chief Economic Adviser, 1970–72; Chief Economic Adviser, 1974–77. Hoskyns, John A.H.L., No. 10 Policy Unit, 1979–82. Howe, R.E. Geoffrey, Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1979–83. Jay, Peter, HM Treasury: Principal 1964–67. The Times : Economics Editor, 1967–76. Ambassador to the United States, 1977–79. Jenkins, Roy H., Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1967–70. Jones, Jack, Transport and General Workers’ Union: General Secretary, 1969–78; Trades Union Congress General Council, 1968–78. Joseph, Keith S., Secretary of State for Social Services, 1970–74; Secretary of State for Industry, 1979–81. Kaldor, Nicholas, Special Adviser to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1964–68 and 1974–76. Keegan, William J.G., Financial Times: Economic Correspondent, 1967–76. Bank of England: 1976–77. The Observer : Economics Editor, 1977–2003. Lankester, Timothy P., HM Treasury: Prime Minister’s Private Secretary for Economic Affairs, 1978–81. Lawson, Nigel, Opposition Spokesman on Economic Affairs, 1977–79; Financial Secretary to the Treasury, 1979–81. Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1983–89. Lever, N. Harold, Under-Secretary of State for Economic Affairs in 1967. Financial Secretary to the Treasury, 1967–69. HM Paymaster General, 1969–70. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, 1974–79. Littler, J. Geoffrey, HM Treasury: Under Secretary 1972; Deputy Secretary, 1977; Second Permanent Secretary (Overseas Finance), 1983–88. Lord, Alan, HM Treasury: Second Permanent Secretary (Domestic Economy), 1975–77. List of Names 177 Lovell, Arnold H., HM Treasury: Monetary Policy Division, 1965–70; Balance of Payments Division, 1970–75; Under Secretary, Fiscal Policy Division, 1975–80. MacDougall, G. Donald A., Department of Economic Affairs: Director-General, 1964–68. HM Treasury: Chief Economic Adviser, 1969–73. Confederation of British Industry: Chief Economic Adviser, 1973–84. McMahon, Christopher W., Bank of England: Adviser, 1964; Adviser to the Governors, 1966–70; Executive Director (Economics), 1970–73; Executive Director (External Finance), 1973–80; Deputy Governor, 1980–85. Middleton, Peter E., HM Treasury: Press Secretary, 1972–74; Head, Monetary Policy Division, 1975; Under Secretary, 1976; Deputy Secretary, 1980–83; Permanent Secretary, 1983–91. Mitchell, Derek J., HM Treasury: Second Permanent Secretary (Overseas Finance), 1973–77. Monck, Nicholas J., HM Treasury: Assistant Secretary, 1971; Principal Private Secretary to Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1976–77; Under Secretary (Nationalised Industries, Home Finance), 1977–84. Morse, C. Jeremy, Bank of England: Executive Director (Home Finance), 1965–66, Executive Director (External Finance), 1966–72. Murray, Lionel, Trades Union Congress: General Secretary, 1973–84. Neale, Alan D., HM Treasury: Deputy Secretary, 1968–71; Second Permanent Secretary, 1971–72. Niehans, Jürg, Johns Hopkins University: Professor of Economics, 1966–77; Visiting Professor of Economics, 1981–88. University of Berne, Professor of Economics, 1977–81. Nott, John W.F., Minister of State, HM Treasury, 1972–74. O’Brien, Leslie K., Bank of England: Governor, 1966–73. Page, John B., Bank of England: Chief Cashier, 1970–80; Executive Director, 1980–82. Parsons, Maurice H., Bank of England: Executive Director, 1957–66; Deputy Governor, 1966–70. Pepper, Gordon T., W. Greenwell & Co.: Partner, 1962; Joint Senior Partner, 1980–86. Pliatzky, Leo, HM Treasury: Deputy Secretary, 1971–76; Second Permanent Secretary, 1076–77. Posner, Michael V., HM Treasury: Deputy Chief Adviser, 1975–76. Prior, James M.L., Secretary of State for Employment, 1979–81. Richardson, Gordon W.H., Bank of England: Governor, 1973–83. Ridley, Adam N., Department of Economic Affairs, 1965–68. HM Treasury, 1970–71. Central Policy Review Staff, 1971–74. Conservative Research Department: Assistant Director, 1974–79; Director, 1979. Economic Adviser to Shadow Cabinet, 1974–79. Special Adviser to Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1979–84. Ryrie, William S., HM Treasury: Assistant Secretary, international monetary affairs, 1966–69; Principal Private Secretary to Chancellor of Exchequer, 1969–71; Under-Secretary, Public Sector Group, 1971–75; Economic Minister, Washington, and UK Executive Director, IMF and International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 1975–79; Second Permanent Secretary (Domestic Economy Sector), 1980–82. 178 List of Names Sangster, John, Bank of England: Adviser, Foreign Exchange, 1965–75; Deputy Chief Cashier, 1975–79; Chief Adviser, 1979–80; Assistant Director, Foreign Exchange Division, 1980–82. Thatcher, Margaret H., Leader of the Conservative Party, 1975–90, Prime Minister, 1979–90. Walker, David A., Bank of England: Chief Adviser, then Chief of Economics Intelligence Department, 1977; Assistant Director, 1980–81, Executive Director, 1981–88. Walters, Alan A., London School of Economics: Professor of Economics, 1968–76. Chief Economic Adviser to Prime Minister, 1981–84, 1989. Wass, Douglas W.G., HM Treasury: Second Permanent Secretary, 1973–74; Permanent Secretary, 1974–83. Whittome, L. Alan, IMF Director, European Department, 1964–86. Wilson, J. Harold, Prime Minister, 1964–70, 1974–76. Witteveen, H. Johannes, IMF Managing Director, 1973–78. Yeo, Edwin H., Under-Secretary for Monetary Affairs, US Treasury, 1975–77. Chronology of Events 15 October 1964 Harold Wilson wins four-seat majority, inherits balance of payments deficit, decides not to devalue the pound. 23 November 1964 Bank Rate raised from 5 per cent to 7 per cent. 2 December 1964 $1bn IMF loan arranged to repay central bank loan. 8 December 1964 Banks asked to reduce the rate of increase in lending and to give priority to exports and manufacturing. 29 April 1965 One-per cent special deposits called from clearing