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OCTOBER 199 9 Inside 4 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE The Institute at 15 Vol. V, No. 6 5 DONOR PROFILE Edna Fuerth Lemle UN I T E D STAT E S IN S T I T U T E O F PE A C E ■ WA S H I N G T O N, DC 6 NORTH KOREA William Perry on Normalization 6 EAST TIMOR Ne xt Steps in Kos o vo Ramos Horta 7 Amb. Kampelman Receives Top Berger, Albright, and Kosovar Albanian leaders consider the steps necessary Honor to achieve a prosperous, democratic future for the province. 8 Women & Peacebuilding hile the Liberation Army (KLA)—at the fighting in request of the State Department. Kosovo has The facilitation was chaired by stopped and Chester A. Crocker, chairman of peacekeeping the Institute’s board of directors, troops are in and organized by place, victory Daniel Serwer, will come only when Kosovo and director of the southeast Europe are “so tightly Institute's integrated into the rest of Europe Balkans that another war is inconceiv- Initiative, and able,” says Samuel “Sandy” executive vice Berger, national security adviser president Harriet to President Clinton. Hentges. At the Clockwise: Berger discussed the challenges meeting, 39 lead- Bujar Bukoshi, facing peace in Kosovo at the U.S. ers of the feuding Madeleine Institute of Peace on September factions, journal- Albright, 30. He chose the Institute as the ists, economists, Hashim Thaqi, site for his address on Kosovo and representatives of nongovern- and Samuel because of the Institute's extensive mental organizations hammered “Sandy” Berger. work on the Balkans. out a framework for cooperation “Let me congratulate the to help guide Kosovo toward “You hosted a remarkable dis- Institute . for all the valuable democracy. Participants included cussion,” Berger said of the meet- work you have done to strengthen Hashim Thaqi, head of the pro- ing, “bringing together a diverse peace around the world,” Berger visional government in Kosovo group of Kosovar Albanian lead- said. He went on to cite a recent and a leader of the KLA, and ers, skillfully assisting as they three-day facilitation the Institute Bujar Bukoshi, a leader in the fashioned a declaration of princi- conducted in September with rival Democratic League of ples for a democratic society.” leaders of the major Kosovar Kosovo (LDK). Ibrahim Rugova, The full text of Berger's speech is Albanian factions and civic head of the LDK, was invited but available on the White House groups—including the Kosovo did not attend. See Kosovo, page 2 2 Kos o vo Continued from page 1 web site: www.whitehouse.gov. criminality,” Albright cautioned opportunity for frank and open Secretary of State Madeleine the group, referring to continued exchanges. The groups were Albright addressed the Kosovar social disorder and ethnic violence divided into three major areas of leaders at the State Department in the province, now primarily discussion: political process, mod- on the final day of the workshop, ethnic Albanians attacking ethnic erated by George Ward, director and former senator Robert Dole Serbs and Roma (Gypsies). “Acts of the Institute's Training of Kansas spoke during the of terror harm your own cause,” Program; economic reform, group's discussions. Albright said. Dole pointed out moderated by Michael Froman, “You must combat the tempta- that continued violence would a senior fellow at the Council on tions of revenge, corruption, and discourage international donors Foreign Relations and former and investors from contributing chief of staff at the Treasury to the reconstruction process. Department; and the develop- While the Institute has hosted ment and role of civil society, numerous public briefings with moderated by Hal Saunders, Peace Watch (ISSN 1080-9864) is pub- lished six times a year by the United States major Serbian leaders, Serbs were director of international affairs Institute of Peace, an independent, nonpar- not invited to participate in the at the Charles F. Kettering tisan federal institution created by Congress to promote research, education, and train- facilitation because the goal was Foundation and former national ing on the peaceful resolution of interna- to improve relations among security council staff member. tional conflicts. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the Albanian Kosovar leaders, Serwer At the end of three days, par- Institute or its board of directors. To receive Peace Watch, write to the notes. “Conflicts among the ticipants had gained the mutual Editor, Peace Watch, United States Institute Kosovar Albanians are a serious confidence to develop a joint dec- of Peace, 1200 17th Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036-3011. For general obstacle to peace implementation, laration stating in part their com- information call 202-457-1700, fax 202- 429-6063, e-mail: [email protected], destabilizing Kosovo in ways that mitment to establish a forum in or check our web site: www.usip.org. hurt Albanians and Serbs alike.” which they will consult each other President: Richard H. Solomon during this transitional period of Executive Vice President: Harriet Hentges The Lansdowne Meeting governance in Kosovo. They Publications Director: Dan Snodderly Editor: Cynthia Roderick agreed that the forum will meet Production Manager: Marie Marr Although the Kosovar Albanian regularly, be open to all political Photo Credits: Staff leaders knew who the others forces, and have a rotating chair. Board of Directors Chairman: Chester A. Crocker. Vice among them at the September The Institute was asked to facili- Chairman: Max M. Kampelman. Members: meeting were, many of them had tate the first meeting, which is Dennis L. Bark, Theodore M. Hesburgh, Seymour Martin Lipset, W. Scott never met before. The meeting now in the planning stages. Thompson, Allen Weinstein, Harriet Zimmerman. Members Ex Officio: Phyllis was held at the Lansdowne They also stated their determi- Oakley, Assistant Secretary of State for Conference Center near nation to free citizens who have Intelligence and Research; Daniel H. Simpson, Vice President, National Defense Leesburg, Va., to avoid the glare been illegally detained or impris- University; Walter B. Slocombe, Department of Defense; Richard H. of publicity. Extensive small oned or illegally subjected to judi- Solomon, Institute president (nonvoting). group discussions provided the cial processing. They want all 3 hostages in Serbia, many of elements are necessary: self- them children, returned and an determination, rule of law, human accounting of all missing persons. rights and individual liberties, And they want war crimes prose- responsive government institu- cuted and witnesses protected. tions, a multi-ethnic society, a Among other issues addressed market economy, the integration in the declaration, the leaders of Kosovo into international insti- agreed that to achieve a future tutions, an international role for of peace and prosperity for all Kosovo that would help protect Kosovars, the following nine the rights of Kosovars, and an updated educational system. The full text of the declaration is available on the Institute's web site: www.usip.org. After the meeting, Crocker noted that the Kosovar lead- ers had worked hard and purpose- fully. “I was struck throughout the workshop not only by how seriously the participants took their respective roles in bringing democratic change to Kosovo, but also by the degree of respect that developed across political parties and social groups.” 4 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE n October 1984, just fifteen and religious violence, failing years ago this month, states, humanitarian crises, and Congress enacted legislation the efforts of local tyrants to use establishing the United States communal hatreds and the tech- Institute of Peace. Its charter nologies of mass destruction for reflected the strivings of a their malign purposes. This trans- national campaign for an formation of the international institution dedicated to educating environment has challenged the Ipeacemakers. Congress directed Institute to give full meaning to us to serve the American people its charter. It is spurring our through policy research, educa- growth from an initial focus on tion, and training on ways of pro- education and research into an moting international peace and activist institution promoting pro- resolving conflicts without fessional training, policy develop- recourse to violence. Today, the ment, and the facilitation of dia- Institute is thriving in its “teen” logue among parties to conflict. years, growing into its mandate, Today, the Institute’s fellow- steadily building its public identi- ships and research grants support ty as a national center of educa- analysis of the changing character tion and professional training in of international conflict, and the skills of international conflict approaches to its prevention and management. resolution. Our fellows, like The world of the Cold War in Galina Starovoitova, assassinated which the Institute was founded in St. Petersburg for challenging Pr o f e s s i o n a l i z i n g had little space for peacemaking. official corruption and advocating Governments were the prime democracy, or Adnan Abu-Odeh, movers in international affairs, recently selected by Jordan's King Pea c e m a k i n g struggling to maintain a stable Abdullah as his political adviser, nuclear standoff and resisting are on the vulnerable front lines of political destabilization of their political change. Our professional allies. The work of peace was training programs heighten the focused largely on arms control skills of diplomats in the tech- and crisis management. The com- niques of mediation and negotia- munist states had corrupted the tion, and of military for peace- very concept of peace by using it keeping operations. The as a propaganda weapon—playing Institute’s military fellow Colonel on public fears of a nuclear Jim Warner, after a year of Armageddon in their confronta- research on peacekeeping in the tion with the democracies. The Balkans, commanded the yearnings for self-realization and American brigade in Bosnia.