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On Power and Its Tactics: a View from the Sociology of Science
HeterogeneitiesDOTnet On power and its tactics: a view from the sociology of science John Law ESRC Centre for Research on Socio-Cultural Change, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK ([email protected]) This paper was originally published as: John Law (1986), ‘On power and Its tactics: a view from the sociology of science’ The Sociological Review, 34 (1), 1-38. Please refer to the original publication for the definitive text. This version was published by heterogeneities.net on 25th September 2011 at http://www.heterogeneities.net/publications/Law1986O nPowerAndItsTactics.pdf. Please acknowledge and cite any use of this on-line publication. On power and its tactics: a view from the sociology of science John Law Abstract This paper considers the relevance of the sociology of science for the study of power. Though there is by no means complete agreement between sociologists of science, recent work in this area has suggested that (a) scientists negotiate not only about scientific but also social reality, and (b) the distinction between macro- and micro-sociology is an impediment rather than an aid to analysis. Thus, though there are indeed differences in scale, it is argued that these should be seen as the outcome of differentially effective attempts by scientists to impose versions of scientific and social reality. The present paper extends this argument by considering the way in which a set of pharmacological experiments was undertaken in order to generate results and control aspects of the scientific and social environment. It is suggested that the experimentalist acted like an entrepreneur, combining a variety of potentially unruly resources with the aim of simplifying these and reducing them to docile figures on a sheet of paper. -
A Sociology of Monsters: Essays on Power, Technology and Domination the Sociological Review
A Socio-logy of Monsters ESSAYS ON POWER, TECHNOLOGY AND DOMINATION SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW MONOGRAPH 38 A Sociology of Monsters: Essays on Power, Technology and Domination The Sociological Review Managing editors: John Eggleston, Ronald Frankenberg and Gordon Fyfe University of Keele Editorial board P. Bourdieu D. Jary Centre de Sociologie Europkene, Staffordshire Polytechnic Paris J. Law S. Cohen University of Keele Hebrew University, Jerusalem S. Macintyre MRC Medical Sociology Unit, Glasgow R. Deem Open University U.M. Sharma University of Keele S. Delamont University College, Cardiff D. Smith University of Aston S. Dex University of Keele M. Strathern University of Manchester S.J. Eggleston University of Warwick S. L. Star University of Keele R.J. Frankenberg University of Keele B.S. Turner University of Essex G. Fyfe W.M. Williams C.B.E. University of Keele University College, Swansea M. Harrison [Chairman] University of Keele SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW MONOGRAPH 38 A Sociology of Monsters: Essays on Power, Technology and Domination Edited by John Law London and New York First published in I991 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Set in Times by Hope Services (Abingdon) Ltd and printed in Great Britain by Page Bros (Norwich) Ltd KJ KJ The Sociological Review 1991 No part of this book may be reproduced in in any form without permission from the publisher except for the quotation of brief passages in criticism Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data available ISBN 0-415-07139-9 Contents Notes on contributors Introduction: -
After Method: Mess in Social Science Research
After Method ‘Research Methods’: a compulsory course, which is loved by some but hated by many! This stimulating book is about what went wrong with ‘research methods’. Its controversial argument is radical, even revolutionary. John Law argues that methods don’t just describe social realities but also help to create them. The implications of this argument are highly significant. If this is the case, methods are always political, and this raises the question of what kinds of social realities we want to create. Most current methods look for clarity and precision. It is usually said that messy findings are a product of poor research. The idea that things in the world might be fluid, elusive, or multiple is unthinkable. Law’s startling argument is that this is wrong and it is time for a new approach. Many realities, he says, are vague and ephemeral. If methods want to know and to help shape the world, then they need to reinvent their practice and their politics in order to deal with mess. That is the challenge. Nothing else will do. This book is essential reading for students, postgraduates and researchers with an interest in methodology. John Law is Professor of Sociology and Technology Studies at Lancaster University. He has written widely on social theory, methodology, technologies, and health care. International Library of Sociology Founded by Karl Mannheim Editor: John Urry, Lancaster University Recent publications in this series include: Risk and Technological Culture Towards a sociology of virulence Joost Van Loon Reconnecting Culture, Technology and Nature Mike Michael Adorno on Popular Culture Robert R. -
Technoscience the Politics of Interventions
Technoscience The Politics of Interventions Kristin Asdal, Brita Brenna and Ingunn Moser (eds.) Unipub 2007 © Unipub AS 2007 ISBN 978-82-7477-300-4 Contact info Unipub: T: + 47 22 85 33 00 F: + 47 22 85 30 39 E-mail: [email protected] www.unipub.no Publisher: Oslo Academic Press, Unipub Norway Printed in Norway: AIT e-dit AS, Oslo 2007 This book has been produced with financial support from Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture (TIK) at the University of Oslo and The Research Council of Norway The introduction has been translated by Connie Stultz All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission Contents Introduction Kristin Asdal, Brita Brenna, Ingunn Moser The Politics of Interventions A History of STS .........................................................................................................7 Part 1: Networks and Critiques Michel Callon Some Elements of a Sociology of Translation Domestication of the Scallops and the Fishermen of St. Brieuc Bay .................................. 57 Susan Leigh Star Power, Technology and the Phenomenology of Conventions On Being Allergic to Onions ..................................................................................... 79 Donna Haraway Situated Knowledges The Science Question in Feminism and The Privilege of Partial Perspective ...................... 109 Part 2: Modest Interventions Deborah Heath Bodies, Antibodies, and Modest Interventions ................................................ -
STS As Method1
STS as Method1 John Law Department of Sociology, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK, [email protected]. 24th June 2015; Method20150624.doc 1 For comment, discussion and advice I am grateful to Wiebe Bijker, Ivan da Costa Marques, Ulrike Felt, Bernd Kraeftner, Judith Kroell, Marianne Lien, Maureen McNeil, Annemarie Mol, Lucy Suchman and Claire Waterton. Introduction How do science and technology shape the world? Or medicine and engineering? And how does the world in turn shape them? These are core questions for STS, and its authors tackle them by asking how science (and technology and the rest) work in practice. They work, that is, on the assumption that what they often call ‘technoscience’ is a set of social and material practices. Then they note that those practices work in different ways in different locations. So STS authors talk about laboratories, firms and hospitals, and also (since STS interests are wide) about financial traders, farms, care homes and indigenous knowledge practices. They look at how theories, methods, and material pieces of equipment are used in practice in specific social, organisational, cultural and national contexts – and they look at the effects of those practices. So the first lesson is this: STS attends to practices, and it is practical itself. The second lesson follows from this. STS works through its case-studies. If you want to understand STS you need to read it through its cases. How fisherman and scallops interact in practice. How engineers and military chiefs create a warplane. How work in a laboratory generates new theories about physical forces. -
After Method: Mess in Social Science Research
After Method ‘Research Methods’: a compulsory course, which is loved by some but hated by many! This stimulating book is about what went wrong with ‘research methods’. Its controversial argument is radical, even revolutionary. John Law argues that methods don’t just describe social realities but also help to create them. The implications of this argument are highly significant. If this is the case, methods are always political, and this raises the question of what kinds of social realities we want to create. Most current methods look for clarity and precision. It is usually said that messy findings are a product of poor research. The idea that things in the world might be fluid, elusive, or multiple is unthinkable. Law’s startling argument is that this is wrong and it is time for a new approach. Many realities, he says, are vague and ephemeral. If methods want to know and to help shape the world, then they need to reinvent their practice and their politics in order to deal with mess. That is the challenge. Nothing else will do. This book is essential reading for students, postgraduates and researchers with an interest in methodology. John Law is Professor of Sociology and Technology Studies at Lancaster University. He has written widely on social theory, methodology, technologies, and health care. International Library of Sociology Founded by Karl Mannheim Editor: John Urry, Lancaster University Recent publications in this series include: Risk and Technological Culture Towards a sociology of virulence Joost Van Loon Reconnecting Culture, Technology and Nature Mike Michael Adorno on Popular Culture Robert R.