DOCSLIB.ORG

Staff Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Staff Report City of La Palma Agenda Item No. 13 MEETING DATE: June 2, 2020 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: CITY MANAGER SUBMITTED BY: Mike Belknap, Community Services Director AGENDA TITLE: Award of Contract to West Coast Arborists, Inc., for Median Island Tree Removals and Parkway Tree Removal/Replacement ______________________________________________________________________ RECOMMENDED ACTION: It is recommended that the City Council approve Award of Contract to West Coast Arborists, Inc., for Median Island Tree Removals and Parkway Tree Removal/Replacement, City Project No. ST- 359. SUMMARY: A component of the Arterial Street Median Project included 51 trees to be removed due to their current health or structural conditions that are unhealthy with root issues, decay, and damage, per the arborist’s recommendation during the median design process. As this project is on hold per the City Council direction at their May 4, 2020, meeting, staff issued an RFP for these tree removals along with removal and replacement of parkway trees on La Palma Avenue. As staff has indicated previously, removal of these trees will mitigate potential liability issues for the City. The removal process will include cutting down the tree, stump grinding, and removal of roots larger than three inches in diameter within ten feet of the tree trunk, disposal, and adding soil material to the fill the stump ground depression. The 51 trees to be removed include: Total Tree Species Removed 5 Pine (Podocarpus) 30 Eucalyptus 11 Canary Pine 5 Golden Rain (Koelreutaria) To help offset the loss of median trees in the City’s urban forest, the RFP also includes parkway tree removal and replacement along La Palma Avenue. This includes removing a total of 49 dead trees, removal of root balls from 38 empty tree wells where the trees have already been removed, and converting the existing surface tree well irrigation to a deep watering system. The 87 liquid amber trees were impacted by a leaf scorch blight caused by the insect glassy wing sharpshooter, which occurred a few years ago as treatment was not effective. Agenda Item 13 Page 1 of 2 The City’s new Tree Policy adopted last year was utilized to select the new 24” box trees being planted which diversifies the tree pallet should a future blight occur: Total Tree Species to be Planted 22 Australian Willow (Geijera Parviflora) 22 Crape Myrtle (Lagerstroemia Indica) 22 Marina Strawberry Tree (Arbutus “Marina”) 21 African Fern Pine (Podocarpus Henkelii) On May 14, 2020, the City received five (5) bids and opened, as follows: BIDDING CONTRACTORS Total Cost 1. West Coast Arborists, Inc. – $ 159,515 Anaheim, CA 2. S.C. Yamamoto Inc. – La Habra, CA $ 195,000 3. Marina Landscape, Inc. – $ 195,620 Orange, CA 4. Colts Landscape, Inc. – $ 386,850 Garden Grove, CA 5. Green Giant Landscape, Inc. $ 430,600 Chino, CA West Coast Arborists, Inc. have been a longtime contractor with the City of La Palma. Their work product and response time has been excellent. FISCAL IMPACT: The Median Island Tree Removals and Parkway Tree Removal/Replacement, City Project No. ST-359 is included in the FY 2020-21 Capital Improvement Budget (Account Numbers 035-900- 8134-00000 Capital Outlay Reserve - $160,000). APPROVED: __________________ Department Director Financial Consultant City Manager Attachments: 1. West Coast Arborists, Inc. Agreement Agenda Item 13 Page 2 of 2 AGREEMENT THIS AGREEMENT, made and entered into this 2nd day of June, 2020, by and between the CITY OF LA PALMA, CALIFORNIA, hereinafter referred to as the "City," and West Coast Arborists, Inc., hereinafter referred to as the "Contractor". WITNESSETH: That the parties hereto do mutually agree as follows: ARTICLE I: For and in consideration of the payments and agreements hereinafter mentioned to be made and performed by said City, said Contractor agrees with said City to construct the work under the City's specification entitled “Median Island Tree Removals and Parkway Tree Removal/Replacement, City Project No. ST-359”, and to perform and complete in a good and workmanlike manner all the work pertaining thereto shown on the drawings and described in the specifications thereof, to furnish at his or her own proper cost and expense all tools, equipment, labor and materials necessary thereof, except such material and equipment as in said specifications are expressly stipulated to be furnished by said City, and to do everything required by this Agreement and the said Specifications and Drawings. ARTICLE II: For furnishing all said materials and labor, furnishing and removing all plant, temporary works or structures, tools and equipment and doing all the work contemplated and embraced in this Agreement, also for all loss and damage arising out of the nature of the work aforesaid, or from the action of the elements, or from any unforeseen difficulties which may arise from or be encountered in the prosecution of the work until its acceptance by said City, and for all risks of every description connected with the work; also for all expenses incurred by or in consequence of the suspension of discontinuance of work, except such as in the said specifications are expressly stipulated to be borne by said City, and for well and faithfully completing the work the whole thereof, in the manner shown and described in the said Specifications and Drawings and in accordance with the requirements of the City Engineer, said City will pay and said Contractor shall receive in full compensation thereof the prices named in the Bidding Sheets of the Proposal hereto attached. ARTICLE III: No work, services, material or equipment shall be performed or furnished under this Agreement unless and until a Notice to Proceed has been given to the Contractor by the City, and all bonds and certificates of insurance have been furnished to, and approved by, the City. ARTICLE IV: All work to be done under this contract shall be completed within the time period set forth in the Notice Inviting Sealed Bids, beginning on the date stipulated in the written Notice to Proceed issued by the City Engineer. ARTICLE V: The City hereby promises and agrees with said Contractor to employ and does hereby employ said Contractor to do the work according to the terms and conditions herein contained and referred to for the price aforesaid, and hereby contracts to pay the same, at the time, in the manner and upon the conditions set forth in this Agreement; and the said parties for themselves, their heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, do hereby agree to the full performance of the covenants herein contained. ARTICLE VI: The Contract Documents consist of the Notice Inviting Sealed Bids, the Instructions to Bidders, the Proposal, the Bid Bond, the Information Required of Bidders, 1 this Agreement, the Faithful Performance Bond, the Labor and Material Bond, the Workers’ Compensation Certificate, the General Provisions, the Special Provisions, the Technical Provisions, the Specifications and the Drawings mentioned therein, and all addenda issued by the City with respect to the foregoing prior to the opening of bids. Each and every Contract Document in its entirety, including but not limited to General Provisions Section 41, are hereby incorporated in and made part of this Agreement as truly as if fully set forth herein. IN WITNESS WHEREOF: The parties hereto have caused this contract to be executed the day and year first above written. CITY OF LA PALMA, CALIFORNIA By _____________________________________ Peter L. Kim Mayor ATTEST: _______________________________ Kimberly Kenney, CMC City Clerk WEST COAST ARBORISTS, INC. By __________________________________ _____________________________________ Title By __________________________________ _____________________________________ Title 2 Nuvis Landscape Architecture July 2, 2018 La Palma Median Tree Evaluations Summary There are two hundred eleven (211) trees in the specified La Palma medians. One hundred sixty-six (166) have been recommended for removal due to their intolerance to necessary root pruning or current defects. Assignment and Scope I was asked by Nuvis Landscape Architecture to provide an Arborist Assessment Report evaluating the trees in the City of La Palma, CA, medians. The medians will be redesigned and re-landscaped as part of future Median Improvement Projects. Part of these projects is to invert the medians for more retention of irrigation water. This will necessitate some trees having to be removed as they would not survive the grade reduction. Additionally, there may be some trees in a condition that is currently or is becoming a hazardous situation. I have been asked to provide a Professional Arboricultural opinion on the following: 1. Provide a written report on the tree conditions in specified medians for this project. 2. Report to include recommended tree removals for trees not expected to survive the root removal during grade reduction. 3. Additional trees that are in a condition that warrants removal at this time. 4. Trees that are likely to survive regrading, and do not at this time have any observed defects warranting removal. The medians to be evaluated are in La Palma Ave. from Denni St. to Valley View St.; Moody St. from Moody Creek to Coyote Creek; Orangethorpe Ave. from Coyote Creek to Valley View St.; and Valley View St. from 183rd. St to Orangethorpe Ave. Limits of the Assignment This report is specific to its Scope and does not address additional landscape design issues that may warrant tree removal or retention. The final decision on these matters belongs to the City of La Palma, CA. The Tree Assessment was performed by driving and walking by the trees. It is a limited visual ground inspection. No climbing occurred, and no aerial lift was utilized. No boring, sounding, or root crown exposure was performed. This report documents the health and structural stability condition on the date given. 1 V & E Tree Service, Inc. Nuvis Landscape Architecture July 2, 2018 La Palma Median Tree Evaluations Arborists are tree specialists who use their experience, knowledge, training and education to examine trees, recommend measures to enhance the beauty and health of trees, and attempt to reduce the risk of living near trees.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Agathis Macrophylla Araucariaceae (Lindley) Masters
    Agathis macrophylla (Lindley) Masters Araucariaceae LOCAL NAMES English (pacific kauri); Fijian (da‘ua,dakua dina,makadri,makadre,takua makadre,dakua,dakua makadre) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Agathis macrophylla is a tall tree typically to about 30–40 m tall, 3 m in bole diameter, with a broad canopy of up to 36 m diameter. Branches may be erect to horizontal and massive. Mature specimens have wide, spreading root systems whereas seedlings and young specimens have a vigorous taproot with one or more whorls of lateral roots. Leaves simple, entire, elliptic to lanceolate, leathery, and dark green, and shiny above and often glaucous below; about 7–15 cm long and 2–3.5 cm wide, with many close inconspicuous parallel veins. The leaves taper to a more or less pointed tip, rounded at the base, with the margins curved down at the edge. Petioles short, from almost sessile up to 5 mm long. Cones egg-shaped at the end of the first year, about 5 cm long, and 3 cm in diameter, more or less round at the end of the second year, 8–10 cm in diameter. Female cones much larger than males, globular, on thick woody stalks, green, slightly glaucous, turning brownish during ripening. Seeds brown, small, ovoid to globose, flattened, winged, and attached to a triangular cone scale about 2.5 cm across. BIOLOGY Pacific kauri is monoecious and produces cones instead of flowers. The first female cones begin to be produced at about 10 years old and take up to 2 years to mature (more often in 12-15 months).
    [Show full text]
  • Podocarpus Totara
    Mike Marden and Chris Phillips [email protected] TTotaraotara Podocarpus totara INTRODUCTION AND METHODS Reasons for planting native trees include the enhancement of plant and animal biodiversity for conservation, establishment of a native cover on erosion-prone sites, improvement of water quality by revegetation of riparian areas and management for production of high quality timber. Signifi cant areas of the New Zealand landscape, both urban and rural, are being re-vegetated using native species. Many such plantings are on open sites where the aim is to quickly achieve canopy closure and often includes the planting of a mixture of shrubs and tree species concurrently. Previously, data have been presented showing the potential above- and below-ground growth performance of eleven native plant species considered typical early colonisers of bare ground, particularly in riparian areas (http://icm.landcareresearch.co.nz/research/land/Trial1results.asp). In this current series of posters we present data on the growth performance of six native conifer (kauri, rimu, totara, matai, miro, kahikatea) and two broadleaved hardwood (puriri, titoki) species most likely to succeed the early colonising species to become a major component in mature stands of indigenous forest (http://icm.landcareresearch.co.nz/research/land/ Trial2.asp). Data on the potential above- and below-ground early growth performance of colonising shrubby species together with that of conifer and broadleaved species will help land managers and community groups involved in re-vegetation projects in deciding the plant spacing and species mix most appropriate for the scale of planting and best suited to site conditions. Data are from a trial established in 2006 to assess the relative growth performance of native conifer and broadleaved hardwood tree species.
    [Show full text]
  • The Following Tree Seedlings Are Available to Order from the State of Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State Tree Nursery
    The following tree seedlings are available to order from the State of Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State Tree Nursery: Scientific Name: Common Name: Dibble/ Pot size: Acacia koa……………………… Koa……………………………….. Small Acacia koaia……………………... Koai’a……………………………. Small Araucaria columnaris…………….. Norfolk-island Pine……………… Small Cryptomeria japonica……………. Sugi Pine………………………… Small Cupressus lusitanica……………... Mexican Cypress………………… Small Cupressus macrocarpa…………… Monterey Cypress……………….. Small Cupressus simpervirens………….. Italian Cypress…………………… Medium Eucalyptus deglupta……………… Rainbow Bark……………………. Small Eucalyptus robusta……………….. Swamp Mahogany……………….. Small Metrosideros polymorpha……….. Ohia……………………………… Medium or 3” pot Pinus elliotii……………………… Slash Pine………………………... Small Pinus radiata……………………... Monterey Pine…………………… Small Podocarpus sp……………………. Podocarpus………………………. 3” pot Santalum sp……………………… Sandalwood……………………… Medium or 3” pot Tristania conferta………………… Brush Box………………………... Small Acacia koa (Koa): This large hardwood tree is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The tree has exceeded 100 ft in height with basal diameter far beyond 50 inches in old growth stands. The wood is prized for furniture and canoe works. This legume has pods with black seeds for reproduction. The wood has similar properties to that of black walnut. The yellow flowers are borne in dense round heads about 2@ in diameter. Tree growth is best above 800 ft; seems to grow best in the ‘Koa belt’ which is situated at an elevation range between 3,500 - 6,000 ft. It is often found in areas where there is fog in the late afternoons. It should be planted in well- drained fertile soils. Grazing animals relish the Koa foliage, so young seedlings should be protected Acacia koaia (Koaia): Related to the Koa, Koaia is native to Hawaii. The leaves and flowers are much the same as Koa.
    [Show full text]
  • Podocarpus Falcatus Podocarpus1 Edward F
    Fact Sheet ST-492 October 1994 Podocarpus falcatus Podocarpus1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION Podocarpus falcatus grows very slowly, probably to 40 feet or more in an open landscape, but has reached 100 feet in its native habitat (Fig. 1). The two-inch long, blue foliage borne on a rigid pyramidal canopy would make a striking specimen in any landscape. It casts dense shade when branched to the ground, so no grass grows beneath it. It lends a rigid, formal effect to any landscape due to the stiff, horizontal branches, but the blue foliage softens this effect. It could be used as a specimen or as a screen planted 10 to 15 feet apart. GENERAL INFORMATION Scientific name: Podocarpus falcatus Figure 1. Middle-aged Podocarpus. Pronunciation: poe-doe-KAR-pus fal-KAY-tus Common name(s): Podocarpus Family: Podocarpaceae Crown shape: pyramidal USDA hardiness zones: 10 through 11 (Fig. 2) Crown density: dense Origin: not native to North America Growth rate: medium Uses: hedge; recommended for buffer strips around Texture: fine parking lots or for median strip plantings in the highway; screen; specimen; no proven urban tolerance Foliage Availability: grown in small quantities by a small number of nurseries Leaf arrangement: opposite/subopposite (Fig. 3) Leaf type: simple DESCRIPTION Leaf margin: entire Leaf shape: linear Height: 30 to 40 feet Leaf venation: parallel Spread: 25 to 35 feet Leaf type and persistence: evergreen Crown uniformity: symmetrical canopy with a Leaf blade length: less than 2 inches regular (or smooth) outline, and individuals have more Leaf color: blue or blue-green; green or less identical crown forms 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Here Before We Humans Were and Their Relatives Will Probably Be Here When We Are Gone
    The ‘mighty tōtara’ is one of our most extraordinary trees. Among the biggest and oldest trees in the New Zealand forest, the heart of Māori carving and culture, trailing no. 8 wire as fence posts on settler farms, clambered up in the Pureora protests of the 1980s: the story of New Zealand can be told through tōtara. Simpson tells that story like nobody else could. In words and pictures, through waka and leaves, farmers and carvers, he takes us deep inside the trees: their botany and evolution, their role in Māori life and lore, their uses by Pākehā, and their current status in our environment and culture. By doing so, Simpson illuminates the natural world and the story of Māori and Pākehā in this country. Our largest trees, the kauri Tāne Mahuta and the tōtara Pouakani, are both thought to be around 1000 years old. They were here before we humans were and their relatives will probably be here when we are gone. Tōtara has been central to life in this country for thousands of years. This book tells a great tree’s story, and that is our story too. Philip Simpson is a botanist and author of Dancing Leaves: The Story of New Zealand’s Cabbage Tree, Tī Kōuka (Canterbury University Press, 2000) and Pōhutukawa and Rātā: New Zealand’s Iron-hearted Trees (Te Papa Press, 2005). Both books won Montana Book Awards in the Environment category and Pōhutukawa and Rātā also won the Montana Medal for best non-fiction book. Simpson is unique in his ability to combine the scientific expertise of the trained botanist with a writer’s ability to understand the history of Māori and Pākehā interactions with the environment.
    [Show full text]
  • A Parrot Apart: the Natural History of the Kakapo (Strigops Habroptilus), and the Context of Its Conservation Management
    A parrot apart: the natural history of the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), and the context of its conservation management RALPH G. POWLESLAND Abstract Since the last review of kakapo biology, published 50 years ago, much Research, Development & Improvement has been learnt as a result of the transfer of all known individuals to offshore islands, Division, Department of Conservation, P.O. and their intensive management to increase adult survival and productivity. This Box 10-420, Wellington, New Zealand review summarises information on a diversity of topics, including taxonomy, plumage, [email protected] moult, mass, anatomy, physiology, reasons for decline in distribution, present numbers and status, sex ratio, habitat, home range, foraging activities, diet, voice, DON V. MERTON breeding biology, nesting success, sexual maturity, and adult survival. In addition, Honorary Research Associate, Research, those kakapo attributes that compromise its long-term survival in present-day New Development & Improvement Division, Zealand are discussed, along with management practises developed to overcome Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 10- these problems. 420, Wellington, New Zealand Powlesland, R.G.; Merton, D.V.; Cockrem, J.F. 2006. A parrot apart: the natural JOHN F. COCKREM history of the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), and the context of its conservation Conservation Endocrinology Research management. Notornis 53 (1): 3 - 26. Group, Institute of Veterinary, Animal & Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Keywords Kakapo; Strigops habroptilus; Psittacidae; endangered species; review; Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, natural history; management practices; predatory mammals New Zealand INTRODUCTION The kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) is a large parrot (males 1.6 – 3.6 kg, females 0.9 – 1.9 kg) (Higgins 1999), with finely barred or mottled yellowish-green plumage.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Distribution of the Malesian Podocarps Neal J
    4 Ecology and Distribution of the Malesian Podocarps Neal J. Enright and Tanguy Jaffré ABSTRACT. Podocarp species and genus richness is higher in the Malesian region than anywhere else on earth, with maximum genus richness in New Guinea and New Caledo- nia and maximum species richness in New Guinea and Borneo. Members of the Podo- carpaceae occur across the whole geographic and altitudinal range occupied by forests and shrublands in the region. There is a strong tendency for podocarp dominance of vegetation to be restricted either to high- altitude sites close to the limit of tree growth or to other sites that might restrict plant growth in terms of water relations and nutri- ent supply (e.g., skeletal soils on steep slopes and ridges, heath forests, ultramafic parent material). Although some species are widespread in lowland forests, they are generally present at very low density, raising questions concerning their regeneration ecology and competitive ability relative to co- occurring angiosperm tree species. A number of species in the region are narrowly distributed, being restricted to single islands or mountain tops, and are of conservation concern. Our current understanding of the distribution and ecology of Malesian podocarps is reviewed in this chapter, and areas for further research are identified. INTRODUCTION The Malesian region has the highest diversity of southern conifers (i.e., Podocarpaceae and Araucariaceae) in the world (Enright and Hill, 1995). It is a large and heterogeneous area, circumscribing tropical and subtropical lowland to montane forest (and some shrubland) assemblages, extending from Tonga in Neal J. Enright, School of Environmental Science, the east to India in the west and from the subtropical forests of eastern Australia Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Austra- in the south to Taiwan and Nepal in the north (Figure 4.1).
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Report on Forests of the Mataqali Nadicake Kilaka, Kubulau District, Bua, Vanua Levu
    SUMMARY REPORT ON FORESTS OF THE MATAQALI NADICAKE KILAKA, KUBULAU DISTRICT, BUA, VANUA LEVU By Gunnar Keppel (Biology Department, University of the South Pacific) INTRODUCTION I was approached by Dr. David Olson of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) to assess the type, status and quality of the forest in Kubulau District, Bua, Vanua Levu. I initially spent 2 days, Friday (28/10/2005) afternoon and the whole of Saturday (29/10/2005), in Kubulau district. This invitation was the result of interest by some landowning family clans (mataqali) to protect part of their land and the offer by WCS to assist in reserving part of their land for conservation purposes. On Friday I visited two forest patches (one logged about 40 years ago and another old-growth) near the coast and Saturday walking through the forests in the center of the district. Because of the scarcity of data obtained (and because the forest appeared suitable for my PhD research), I decided to return to the district for a more detailed survey of the northernmost forests of Kubulau district from Saturday (12/11/2005) to Tuesday (22/11/2005). Upon returning, I found out that the mataqali Nadicake Nadi had abandoned plans to set up a reserve and initiated steps to log their forests. Therefore, I decided to focus my research on the land of the mataqali Nadicake Kilaka only. My objectives were the following: 1) to determine the types of vegetation present 2) to produce a checklist of the flora and, through this list, identify rare and threatened species in the reserve 3) to undertake a quantitative survey of the northernmost forests (lowland tropical rain forest) by setting up 4 permanent 50 ×50m plots 4) to assess the status of the forests 5) to determine the state and suitability of the proposed reserve 6) to assess possible threats to the proposed reserve.
    [Show full text]
  • Podocarpus Macrophyllus
    Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpus, Yew-Pine, Japanese Yew) Podocarpus macrophyllus is an evergreen small tree or large shrub native to southern Japan ad southern/eastern China. Podocarpus can reach at maturity up to 10 m height and 7 m spread. It is resistant to almost all the pests/diseases (except root rot and scales) and requires little pruning. It propagates by seed and cutting. Landscape Information French Name: Manio de Chine Pronounciation: poe-doe-KAR-pus mack-roe- FILL-us Plant Type: Tree Origin: China Heat Zones: Hardiness Zones: 8, 9, 10, 11 Uses: Screen, Hedge, Espalier, Specimen, Indoor, Shade, Street Size/Shape Growth Rate: Slow Tree Shape: Round Canopy Symmetry: Irregular Canopy Density: Medium Canopy Texture: Fine Spread at Maturity: 8 to 10 meters Time to Ultimate Height: 5 to 10 Years Plant Image Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpus, Yew-Pine, Japanese Yew) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Opposite Leaf Venation: Parallel Leaf Persistance: Evergreen Leaf Type: Simple Leaf Blade: 5 - 10 cm Leaf Margins: Entire Leaf Scent: Color(growing season): Green Color(changing season): Green Flower Flower Showiness: False Flower Image Flower Color: Yellow Trunk Trunk Has Crownshaft: False Trunk Susceptibility to Breakage: Generally resists breakage Number of Trunks: Multi-Trunked Trunk Esthetic Values: Spines Fruit Fruit Type: Berry Fruit Showiness: False Fruit Size Range: 3 - 7, 7 - 10, 10 - 20 Fruit Colors: Purple Podocarpus macrophyllus (Podocarpus, Yew-Pine, Japanese Yew) Horticulture Management Tolerance Frost Tolerant: No Heat Tolerant: Yes Drought Tolerant: Yes Salt Tolerance: Moderate Requirements Soil Requirements: Clay, Loam, Sand Soil Ph Requirements: Acidic, Alkaline Water Requirements: Light Requirements: Full, Part, Shade Management Leaf Image Invasive Potential: Yes Susceptibility to Pests and Diseases: No Pruning Requirement: Little needed, to develop a strong structure Fruit/ Leaves/ Flowers litter: No Surface Rooting: No Edible Parts: Pests: Scales Plant Propagations: Seed, Cutting MORE IMAGES Fruit Image Other Image.
    [Show full text]
  • SEED LEAFLET Podocarpus Falcatus
    SEED LEAFLET No. 75 May 2003 Podocarpus falcatus (Thunb.) R.Br. ex Mirb. Taxonomy and nomenclature ment the species is an important provider of nesting Family: Podocarpaceae sites and food for a number of bird species. Synonyms: Afrocarpus dawei Stapf, A. falcata (Thunb.) C.N. Page, A. gracilior (Pilger) C.N. Page, Botanical description A. usambarensis (Pilger) C.N. Page, Decussocarpus A medium to large tree, up to 60 m tall but quite falcatus (Thunb.) de Laubenfels, D. gracilior (Pilger) smaller if planted. The bark is rather thin and smooth, de Laubenfels, Nageia falcata (Thunb.) Kuntze, N. grey or brown, on older branches flaking in irregular meyeriana (Endl.) Kuntze, Podocarpus elongatus pieces. Crown is dense, pyramid-shaped and sym- L Herit ex Pers., P. gracilior Pilger, P. gracillimus metrical. Leaves are 3-5 cm long, narrow and often Stapf, P. meyeriana Endl., Podocarpus usambarensis sickle-shaped, twisted at the base so that the leaves Pilger, P. usambarensis var. dawei Melville, Taxus are held upright. The plants are dioecious (female falcata Thunb. and male flowers on different trees). Male cones are Vernacular/common names: East African yellow- small, about 10 x 3 mm, positioned in leaf corners wood, outeninqua yellowwood (Eng.); zigba (Ethio- 1-3 together. In the female structure usually only one pia); mse mawe, olvirviri, owiriwiri (Tanzania); seed is produced at the end of a woody stalk. musenene, obwipe, omufu (Uganda); outeniekwa- geelhout, umsonti (Africaans); umSonti (Zulu); podo Fruit and seed description (trade name). Podocarpus belongs to the gymnosperms so no fruit layer is produced, the seeds are borne “naked” inside Distribution and habitat the cone.
    [Show full text]
  • Totara Cover Front
    DISCLAIMER In producing this Bulletin reasonable care has been taken to ensure that all statements represent the best information available. However, the contents of this publication are not intended to be a substitute for specific specialist advice on any matter and should not be relied on for that purpose. NEW ZEALAND FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE LIMITED and its employees shall not be liable on any ground for any loss, damage, or liability incurred as a direct or indirect result of any reliance by any person upon information contained or opinions expressed in this work. To obtain further copies of this publication, or for information about Forest Research publications, please contact: Publications Officer Forest Research Private Bag 3020 Rotorua New Zealand telephone: +64 7 343 5899 facsimile: +64 7 343 5897 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.forestresearch.co.nz National Library of New Zealand Cataloguing-in-Publication data Bergin, D.O. (David O.) Totara establishment, growth, and management / David Bergin. (New Zealand Indigenous Tree Bulletin, 1176-2632; No.1) Includes bibliographic references. ISBN 0-478-11008-1 1. Podocarpus—New Zealand. 2. Forest management—New Zealand. I. New Zealand Forest Research Institute. II. Title. 585.3—dc 21 Production Team Jonathan Barran — photography Teresa McConchie — layout design John Smith — graphics Ruth Gadgil — technical editing Judy Griffith — editing and layout ISSN 1176-2632 ISBN 0-478-11008-1 © New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited 2003 Front cover insert: Emergent totara and younger trees along the forest edge in Pureora Forest Park, with mixed shrub species edging the picnic area in the foreground.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships Within Araucariaceae Based on RBCL
    American Journal of Botany 85(11): 1507-1516. 1998. PHYLOGENETICRELATIONSHIPS WITHIN ARAUCARIACEAEBASED ON RBCLGENE SEQUENCES~ HlROAKI SETOGUCHI,2g5,6TAKESHI ASAKAWA OSAWA? JEAN- CHRISTOPHE PINTAUD: TANGUYJAFJXÉ: AND JEAN-MAREvEILLON4 Makino Herbarium, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-03, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 246, Japan; and Department de Botanique, Centre ORSTOM de Nouméa, BP A5 Nouméa, New Caledonia Phylogenetic relationships were determined in the Araucariaceae, which are now found mainly in the Southern Hemi- sphere. This conifer family was well diversified and widely distributed in both hemispheres during the Mesozoic era. The sequence of 1322 bases of the rbcL gene of cpDNA was determined from 29 species of Araucariaceae, representing almost all the species of the family. Phylogenetic trees determined by the parsimony method indicate that Araucariaceae are well defined by rbcL sequences and also that the monophyly of Agatlzis or Araucaria is well supported by high bootstrap values. The topology of these trees revealed that Wolleiitia had derived prior to Agathis and Araucaria. The rbcL phylogeny agrees well with the present recognition of four sections within Araucaria: Araucaria, Bunya, Eutacta, and bzterinedia. Morpho- logical characteristics of the number of cotyledons, position of male cone, and cuticular micromorphologies were evaluated as being phylogenetically informative. Section Bunya was found to be derived rather than to be the oldest taxon. Infrageneric relationships of Agathis could not be well elucidated because there are few informative site changes in the rbcL gene, suggesting the more recent differentiation of the species as their fossil records indicate. The New Caledonian Araucaria and Agathis species each formed a monophyletic group with very low differentiation in rbcL sequences among them, indicating rapid adaptive radiation to new edaphic conditions, i.e., ultramafic soils, in the post-Eocene era.
    [Show full text]