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Water Resource and Human Use Assessment of the Rainbow River in Marion County, Florida (Draft)

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Water Resource and Human Use Assessment of the Rainbow River in Marion County, Florida (Draft) WATER RESOURCE AND HUMAN USE ASSESSMENT OF THE RAINBOW RIVER IN MARION COUNTY, FLORIDA (DRAFT) MAY 2009 Prepared for: Prepared by: HSW Engineering, Inc. 3820 Northdale Boulevard, Suite 210B Tampa, Florida 33624 Table of Contents Section Page 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1-1 2.0 Data Summary........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1 Well Stage................................................................................................ 2-3 2.2 Discharge................................................................................................. 2-5 2.3 Water Quality........................................................................................... 2-8 2.4 Sediment .................................................................................................. 2-8 2.5 Vegetation, Soils, and Transects.............................................................. 2-9 3.0 Minimum Flows and Levels Development............................................................. 3-1 4.0 Evaluation of Water Resource Values .................................................................... 4-1 4.1 WRV-1: Recreation In and On the Water...................................................... 4-1 4.2 WRV-2: Fish and Wildlife Habitats and the Passage of Fish........................ 4-10 4.2.1 Fisheries............................................................................................. 4-12 4.2.2 Floodplain Wetlands and Hydric Soils .............................................. 4-18 4.2.3 Usage of Floodplains by Wading Birds............................................. 4-20 4.2.4 Other Factors for Consideration......................................................... 4-21 4.2.5 Summary ........................................................................................... 4-21 4.3 WRV-3: Estuarine Resources ........................................................................ 4-25 4.4 WRV-4: Transfer of Detrital Material ........................................................... 4-26 4.5 WRV-5: Maintenance of Freshwater Storage and Supply............................. 4-31 4.6 WRV-6: Aesthetic and Scenic Attributes ...................................................... 4-35 4.7 WRV-7: Filtration and Absorption of Nutrients and Other Pollutants.......... 4-40 4.8 WRV-8: Sediment Loads............................................................................... 4-44 4.9 WRV-9: Water Quality.................................................................................. 4-51 4-10 WRV-10: Navigation..................................................................................... 4-57 5.0 Summary................................................................................................................. 5-1 All Figures 1-1 The Rainbow River located in Marion County, Florida ........................................ 1-1 1-2 Location of Rainbow River and Rainbow Springs ................................................. 1-3 1-3 Locations of spring vents in Rainbow Springs Complex........................................ 1-4 2-1 Overview of Rainbow River Watershed................................................................. 2-2 i Table of Contents (continued) Figures Page 2.1-1 Daily well stage (1965-2008) at USGS 290514082270701 Rainbow Springs Well near Dunnellon, FL ........................................................................................ 2-3 2.1-2 Daily water level elevation duration curve (1965-2008) at USGS 290514082270701 Rainbow Springs Well near Dunnellon, FL............................................................ 2-4 2.1-3 Monthly average water level elevation (1965-2008) at USGS 290514082270701 Rainbow Springs Well near Dunnellon, FL............................................................ 2-4 2.2-1 Daily average discharge at USGS 02313100 Rainbow Springs near Dunnellon, FL versus daily average well stage (1965-2008) at USGS 290514082270701 Rainbow Springs Well near Dunnellon, FL............................. 2-6 2.2-2 Baseline and historical daily average discharge (1965-2008) at USGS 02313100 Rainbow Springs near Dunnellon, FL ................................................... 2-6 2.2-3 Baseline and historical daily average discharge duration curve (1965-2008) at USGS 02313100 Rainbow Springs near Dunnellon, FL .................................... 2-7 2.2-4 Baseline (top 1965-2008) and historical (middle 1965-2008) monthly average flow at USGS 02313100 Rainbow Springs near Dunnellon, FL............................ 2-7 2.3-1 Water quality collection sites, Rainbow River, Marion County, Florida ............... 2-11 2.5-1 PHAB and vegetation transect lines, Rainbow River, Marion County, Florida..... 2-12 2.5-2 Transect locations and soils along the Rainbow River Study Corridor.................. 2-13 3-1 Low flow one-day duration frequency curves ........................................................ 3-6 3-2 High flow one-day duration frequency curves........................................................ 3-6 3-3 Change in one-day low flow events........................................................................ 3-7 3-4 Change in one-day high flow events....................................................................... 3-7 3-5 Relative change in one-day low flow events .......................................................... 3-8 3-6 Change in one-day high flow events ...................................................................... 3-8 4.1-1 Recreational area and activities in Rainbow Springs and River............................. 4-3 ii Table of Contents (continued) Figures Page 4.4-2 Vegetation cross-section VEG-7............................................................................. 4-28 4.4-3 Wetted perimeter versus elevation for cross-section VEG 7.................................. 4-28 4.5-1 Location map of CUP allocations near Rainbow River.......................................... 4-33 4.8-1 Sediment load classification categories .................................................................. 4-44 4.8-2 Hjulstrom’s chart of sediment zones....................................................................... 4-46 4.9-1 Secchi depth versus time (2002-2008) at the Rainbow River Head Springs.......... 4-53 4.9-2 Secchi depth at water quality station RR1 on the Rainbow River versus well stage (2002-2008) at USGS 290514082270701 Rainbow Springs Well near Dunnellon, FL ................................................................................................. 4-53 4.9-3 Secchi depth at water quality station RR9 on the Rainbow River versus well stage (2002-2008) at USGS 290514082270701 Rainbow Springs well near Dunnellon, FL ......................................................................................... 4-54 4.9-4 Total nitrogen versus time for 9 sampling locations on the Rainbow River .......... 4-54 All Tables 3.1 Hierarchical classifications for evaluating the WRVs for the Rainbow River ....... 3-9 4.1-1 Frequency and duration parameters for WRV-1 under baseline and MFL scenarios........................................................................................................ 4-7 4.2-1 Fish species occurring in the Rainbow River ......................................................... 4-13 4.2-2 Hydraulic depths and associated baseline flows at 47 HEC-RAS cross sections... 4-15 4.2-3 Frequency and duration parameters for WRV-2 under MFL scenarios ................. 4-17 4.2-4 Median elevation (ft-NGVD) of vegetation classes along select Rainbow River transects ......................................................................................... 4-19 4.4-1 Median elevation (ft-NGVD) of vegetation classes and wetted perimeter breakpoint along the Rainbow River transects ....................................................... 4-27 iii Table of Contents (continued) Tables Page 4.4-2 Critical stage and discharge values for detrital transfer.......................................... 4-29 4.4-3 Frequency and duration parameters for WRV-4 under baseline and MFL scenarios........................................................................................................ 4-29 4.7-1 Median elevation (NGVD) of vegetation classes and wetted perimeter breakpoint along the Rainbow River transects ....................................................... 4-41 4.7-2 Critical stage and discharge values for nutrient filtration....................................... 4-42 4.7.3 Frequency and duration parameters for WRV-7 under baseline and MFL scenarios........................................................................................................ 4-42 4.8-1 Critical stage and discharge values for sediment load............................................ 4-48 4.8-2 Frequency and duration parameters for WRV-8 under baseline and MFL scenarios........................................................................................................ 4-48 Appendices A - Rainbow River Frequency Analysis Figures Figure A-1 Low Frequency Continuously Not Exceeded – 1-Day Duration Figure A-2 Low Frequency Continuously Not Exceeded – 7-Day Duration Figure A-3 Low Frequency Continuously Not Exceeded – 14-Day Duration Figure A-4 Low Frequency Continuously Not Exceeded – 30-Day Duration Figure A-5 Low Frequency Continuously Not Exceeded – 60-Day Duration Figure A-6 High Frequency
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