La Lealtad Como Destino

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La Lealtad Como Destino Image not found or type unknown www.juventudrebelde.cu Image not found or type unknown Raúl Autor: Archivo de JR Publicado: 02/06/2021 | 09:42 pm La lealtad como destino Entre las cualidades del General de Ejército Raúl Castro Ruz como ser humano, revolucionario y líder, la lealtad es un puente que conecta con todos sus demás valores. Ese es uno de los mayores legados que nos deja a las presentes y futuras generaciones de cubanos y cubanas Publicado: Miércoles 02 junio 2021 | 11:00:41 pm. Publicado por: Liudmila Peña Herrera Cuando lo oyó decir, después del abrazo del rencuentro, aquel 18 de diciembre de 1956, que con siete fusiles sí que ganarían la guerra, pensó que su hermano se había vuelto loco, aunque no se lo dijo hasta mucho tiempo después, cuando la victoria no era ya una utopía. Aun así, había decidido seguirlo, no por fe ciega a quien había sido su héroe desde niño, o por el fanatismo del combatiente que no piensa más que su jefe (no era, ni remotamente, su caso), sino por lealtad. Años después le contaría uno de los secretos del triunfo al documentalista Santiago Álvarez: «Nuestro grupo mantuvo una moral muy alta, igual que los demás grupos; si no, no hubiéramos ido a la Sierra —le dijo—. Creíamos que incluso Fidel estaba muerto. Íbamos a continuar la lucha, pero de esa intención a que yo me fuera a creer que íbamos a ganar la guerra había una distancia muy grande. Prácticamente íbamos a la Sierra Maestra a continuar la lucha por un deber con los compañeros que cayeron, pero no me pasaba por la mente la posibilidad de que podíamos ganar la guerra». (1) Esa lealtad a prueba de quebrantos, de obstáculos, y hasta del riesgo de muerte, marcaría la formación de Raúl desde los años infantiles. Es allá, en la finca de Birán, donde está el origen de la coherencia entre la palabra empeñada y la acción que caracterizaría para la Historia al más joven de los varones Castro Ruz. Fue allí donde, junto al afecto por la gente humilde, le nacieron los primeros cuestionamientos sobre las diferencias de clases, los cuales lo llevarían a convertirse no solo en un muchacho de izquierda, sino en un joven comunista. Cualquier hombre sin carácter, con un hermano como el suyo, se hubiese dejado tentar por la vanidad y el afán de grandeza, por los dobleces del poder. Cuentan quienes estuvieron a su lado que a Raúl, con méritos ganados a fuerza de acciones certeras en momentos de crisis, con el ejemplo de quien le arrebata la pistola a un sargento en el Moncada para salvar a sus compañeros, o con la inteligencia estratégica de quien espera y evade los cercos enemigos, jamás le interesó gozar de privilegios ni destacar por entre los demás. *** La persistencia de estar siempre dispuesto a la acción, propositivo, tomando la iniciativa cuando no había tiempo para esperar por las órdenes del Jefe, pero huidizo de los protagonismos, es parte del legado del revolucionario que siempre respetó la autoridad y vigiló con celo de felino la supervivencia del hermano. Un hecho acaecido el 17 de enero de 1957 de forma inesperada, después del combate de La Plata, prueba hasta dónde estaba dispuesto a llegar Raúl para protegerle la vida. Cuenta Guillermo García, en su libro Encuentro con la verdad (Editorial Verde Olivo), que uno de los soldados se negó a entregar un Springfield que se había ocupado al enemigo, e incluso se atrevió a amenazar con el arma directamente a Fidel. Al percatarse, Raúl se plantó rápidamente delante del fusil y le dijo al hombre: «Si quieres, dispárame a mí, pero a Fidel no». Ese tipo de acciones se repetirían a lo largo de sus vidas —y serían recíprocas entre ambos—, cada vez que uno precisara del otro. Así fue cuando Fidel perdió momentáneamente la voz, en medio del discurso de clausura del Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de juventudes, el 6 de agosto de 1960. Raúl tomó la palabra y afirmó que aquello era simplemente «un ligero revés sin importancia, porque se ha ido una voz por un momento; ¡pero ahí está él y estará!». En medio de aplausos incesantes, confirmaba lo que dijera su hermano en otro contexto: «Raúl era la gran reserva de la Revolución». (2) Bien lo sabía la madre, Lina Ruz, cuando sustituyó la foto de Urrutia, después de su traición, y puso, junto a la de Fidel, Camilo y el Che, la imagen de Raúl, «porque ese sí que nunca traicionará a su hermano». Y esa lealtad ha sido un puente que conecta con todos sus demás valores humanos y méritos políticos. Tal actitud se mantendría desde la época del Ejército Rebelde, y después de la victoria, cuando permaneció en Santiago de Cuba hasta el 9 de febrero, cuando Fidel lo nombró segundo jefe militar del país, por merecimiento propio. Así lo ratificó el Comandante en Jefe, en el 1er. Congreso del Partido, cuando Raúl fue electo Segundo Secretario de la organización política: «(…) es para mí un privilegio que, además de un extraordinario cuadro revolucionario, sea un hermano. Esos méritos los ganó en la lucha y desde los primeros tiempos (…) en nuestra Revolución el criterio que se impone y se impondrá siempre es el mérito, y jamás ninguna consideración de tipo de amistad o de familia». (3) *** Su carácter jovial y comunicativo, su seguridad en la causa que defendía y la claridad para ver más allá de las primeras impresiones y hacer amigos que se convertirían en hermanos, le ganó también a la Revolución figuras imprescindibles para la gesta. Fue él quien le presentó el Che a Fidel, y desde entonces a Cuba le nació otro hijo. Para sus amigos, Raúl no tuvo nunca titubeos. En junio de 1953, regresaba de un amplio recorrido por Europa que había tenido su origen en Viena, a donde había llegado como presidente de la delegación cubana a la Conferencia Internacional sobre los Derechos de la Juventud. Allí había conocido a los guatemaltecos Ricardo Ramírez y Bernardo Lemus, que regresaban con él a La Habana, después de haber estado también en la capital de la entonces Rumanía socialista, a donde él había ido como parte del Comité Internacional Preparatorio del 4to. Festival Mundial de la Juventud y los Estudiantes. Después del atraco del barco en puerto habanero, Raúl había pasado la aduana sin contratiempos y estaba en la calle listo para tomar un taxi. Cuando se volteó y vio que sus amigos habían sido detenidos, volvió para ayudarlos, aunque él mismo traía en su equipaje literatura y documentos comprometedores. Todos fueron encarcelados. (4) Esa esencia del hermano pequeño de Fidel, que no fue «sombra» de nadie, sino luz para colaborar con la victoria, impulsó a José Luis Tasende, su amigo y maestro en el Movimiento 26 de Julio, a hacerle prometer que, si él caía en la lucha, el joven Castro se ocuparía de su hija Temis. Luego de ser tomado prisionero en las acciones del Moncada, Tasende fue vilmente asesinado por la tiranía. Raúl lo rememoró, el 28 de enero de 1960, durante la entrega al Ministerio de Educación del antiguo cuartel Moncada, convertido en Ciudad Escolar 26 de Julio: «(…) días después de recibir las últimas instrucciones de Fidel, (…) me decía recordando a una niña de meses que en una cuna había dejado en La Habana: “Si muero, ocúpate de mi hija”». La hermana del mártir, Graziela Tasende, aseguró en una reciente entrevista que «así ha sido, y sigue siendo su compromiso eterno». (5) Una faceta más personal, contraria a la idea de hombre infranqueable que por muchos años primó sobre su carácter, fue reseñada por Leopoldo Cintra Frías, en un diálogo exclusivo concedido al periodista Wilmer Rodríguez: «La voz de trueno siempre ha sido su metal de voz, quien no lo conoce se puede impresionar, pero en la práctica con esa voz es la persona más amable (…) No conozco a una persona más sencilla, sensible, humana y atenta al más mínimo detalle, es capaz de hacer con tu familia, lo que uno no hace». (6) Image not found or type unknown Para Fidel era un verdadero privilegio que Raúl, además de un extraordinario cuadro revolucionario, fuese un hermano, con méritos propios ganados en la lucha. Foto: Raúl Abreu *** Cuando Mariela Castro Espín pidió permiso a la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular, en diciembre de 2018, para abrazar a su padre, el Parlamento estalló en aplausos. Era el reconocimiento no solo al líder que había sabido tomar el timón del barco de la Revolución para conducirlo por aguas seguras en momentos complejos, sino también el homenaje al padre, al abuelo, al hombre amoroso del hogar. Y la hija-diputada destacó al educador que le enseñó a «amar la Revolución sin abandonar a la familia, y a amar a la familia sin abandonar la Revolución». Esas cualidades las aprendió el «Musito» de Lina Ruz correteando entre sus seis hermanos y las fue puliendo en el camino de su vida, hasta formar con Vilma la suya propia, de cuyo amor nacieron cuatro hijos. El propio Raúl escribió en el libro de visitantes del Memorial Vilma Espín, en Santiago de Cuba: «El 26 de enero de 1959, en esta casa me puse un nuevo uniforme de guerrillero y me fui a la boda con Vilma… lo mejor y más lindo que hice en toda mi vida». A ese mismo Raúl, profundamente humano, le correspondió agarrarse de lo tierno, del cariño, para sobreponerse al dolor de ver cómo la vida se le apagaba a Vilma. Tuvo que haber estado, el esposo y el político, al pie de su almohada mucho tiempo, porque Mariela Castro aseguró recientemente: «(…) cómo cuidó a mi mamá, el modo en el que él honra su memoria, es muy bonito y también me lo llevo de lo que él me ha dejado en la vida».
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