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Contamination Status of Polychlorinated Biphenyls
ACCUMULATION OF POLYCHLORINED BIPHENYLS IN FISH COLLECTED FROM ST. SIMONS ESTUARY, BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA, USA Hao L1, Senthil Kumar K1, Sajwan K S1, Li P1, Peck A2, Gilligan M1, Pride C1 1 Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Savannah State University, 3219 College Street, Savannah, GA 2 31404, USA; Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, #10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA 31411, USA Abstract Contamination profiles of 17 PCB congeners were determined in five fish species collected at eight sites in St. Simons Estuary, Brunswick, Georgia, USA (which is very close to an LCP Superfund Site). Pinfish collected at Turtle River at Buffalo Swamp had the highest PCBs concentration (143 ng/g wet weight [ww]). Whiting and southern flounder collected at Turtle River at Buffalo Swamp also had higher PCBs concentrations (57 ng/g and 73 ng/g ww, respectively) than the same fish species collected at the other sites (the Mouth of Frederica River, Back River, Mackay River South of Jove Creek, Towers of St Simons, Lower Jekyll Cove, Turtle River at Andrew Island, and Turtle River at Cowpen Creek). The current PCBs concentrations of fish in our study were lower than those reported in previous studies. Introduction Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which are toxic to humans and wildlife1. PCBs are ubiquitous chemicals including in marine ecosystems, and posed potential harm to all kinds of living things2-3. St. Simons Estuary is located in Brunswick, Glynn County, Georgia. Brunswick has a poor record of environmental protection due to the negative impact of chemical pollution from Linden Chemicals and Plastics (LCP) Superfund Site. -
Rule 391-3-6-.03. Water Use Classifications and Water Quality Standards
Presented below are water quality standards that are in effect for Clean Water Act purposes. EPA is posting these standards as a convenience to users and has made a reasonable effort to assure their accuracy. Additionally, EPA has made a reasonable effort to identify parts of the standards that are not approved, disapproved, or are otherwise not in effect for Clean Water Act purposes. Rule 391-3-6-.03. Water Use Classifications and Water Quality Standards ( 1) Purpose. The establishment of water quality standards. (2) W ate r Quality Enhancement: (a) The purposes and intent of the State in establishing Water Quality Standards are to provide enhancement of water quality and prevention of pollution; to protect the public health or welfare in accordance with the public interest for drinking water supplies, conservation of fish, wildlife and other beneficial aquatic life, and agricultural, industrial, recreational, and other reasonable and necessary uses and to maintain and improve the biological integrity of the waters of the State. ( b) The following paragraphs describe the three tiers of the State's waters. (i) Tier 1 - Existing instream water uses and the level of water quality necessary to protect the existing uses shall be maintained and protected. (ii) Tier 2 - Where the quality of the waters exceed levels necessary to support propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife and recreation in and on the water, that quality shall be maintained and protected unless the division finds, after full satisfaction of the intergovernmental coordination and public participation provisions of the division's continuing planning process, that allowing lower water quality is necessary to accommodate important economic or social development in the area in which the waters are located. -
The Georgia Coast Saltwater Paddle Trail
2010 The Georgia Coast Saltwater Paddle Trail This project was funded in part by the Coastal Management Program of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, and the U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management (OCRM), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) grant award #NA09NOS4190171, as well as the National Park Service Rivers, Trails & Conservation Assistance Program. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of OCRM or NOAA. September 30, 2010 0 CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 2 Coastal Georgia Regional Development Center Project Team .......................................................... 3 Planning and Government Services Staff ................................................................................................... 3 Geographic Information Systems Staff ....................................................................................................... 3 Economic Development Staff .......................................................................................................................... 3 Administrative Services Staff .......................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... -
A Visitor's Guide to Accessing Georgia's Coastal Resources
A Visitor’s Guide to Accessing Georgia’s Coastal Resources Beaches & Barrier Islands Cultural & Historic Sites Rivers & Waterways Wildlife Viewing & Walking Trails FREE COPY - NOT FOR SALE A Visitor’s Guide to Accessing Georgia’s Coastal Resources acknowledgements This Guide was prepared by The University of Georgia Marine Extension Service under grant award # NA06NOS4190253 from the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of OCRM or NOAA. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Georgia Department of Natural Resources’ Wildlife Resources Division and Parks and Historic Sites Division for their assistance and for permission to use certain descriptions, maps, and photographs in the drafting of this Guide. The authors also acknowledge the Coastal Resources Division and particularly Beach Water Quality Manager Elizabeth Cheney for providing GIS maps and other helpful assistance related to accessing Georgia beaches. This Access Guide was compiled and written by Phillip Flournoy and Casey Sanders. University of Georgia Marine Extension Service 715 Bay Street Brunswick, GA 31520 April 2008 Photo Credits: ~ Beak to Beak Egret Chicks by James Holland, Altamaha Riverkeeper ~ Sapelo Island Beach by Suzanne Van Parreren, Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve ~ Main House, Hofwyl Plantation by Robert Overman, University of Georgia Marine Extension Service ~ J. T. Good, A Chip Off the Block by Captain Brooks Good table of contents Acknowledgements. 2 Map of Georgia Coastal Counties and the Barrier Islands. 5 Foreword. 6 1. Beaches and Barrier Islands . 7 a. Chatham County. -
Zone Details
THE DOLPHIN PROJECT Survey Zones NMFS Permit #19088 Code TDP NOAA Narrative Main Waters 1 SA055WRI 11516 One Pass: Skull Creek, "27" North to "3"; MackayCreek, "24" North to "1". Chechessee River to Zigzag Pass: Chechessee River, between N"2"/"1" to a north/south line through Mackay & Skull Creeks a platform at Foot Point 2 SA054 11516 One Pass: Broad Creek, G"1" to G"19"; Northwest side of Marsh Island; Bull Calibogue Sound. May Creek south of May River to 32°11.4'N. Zigzag Pass: Northern portion of River Calibogue Sound, "32"/G"1" to "24"/G"27"; May River westward to "8" 3 SA052CAL 11512 One Pass: Southern portion of Calibogue Sound North boundary a line from Haig Point to "32" to "1". Eastern boundary a line from "1" to Braddoch Point to Calibogue Sound. "4" to "2" to 32°03'3/80°47'7. Southern boundary an EW line at 32°03'3. Western boundary a line from 32°03'3/80°50'3 to Haig Point 4 SA051NWR 11512 One Pass: New River from Bloody Point to 32°09'5/80°57' Mungen Creek; Ramshorn Creek; Cooper River west of "35". Bull Creeknorth of "34"; Unnamed New River Creel East of entrance to Bull Creek when tides allow. Zigzag Pass: Cooper River east of "35" to Haig Point. 5 SA051WRI 11512 One Pass: Wright River, Turbridge Landing to south of Turtle Island 32°03'/80°45'. ICW "48" to "45" Fields Cut & "44" to "42" Walls Cut. Unnamed Wright River Creek north of Walls Cut 6 GA001SAV 11512 Zigzag Pass: Savannah River from Mackay Point on the west to just east of marker "20". -
GDOT Bridge Projects
GDOT Bridge Projects PROJECT ID DESCRIPTION COUNTIES CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION PRELIMINARY PRELIMINARY RIGHT OF RIGHT OF WAY FUNDING ENGINEERING ENGINEERING WAY SOURCE YEAR AMOUNT YEAR AMOUNT YEAR AMOUNT 532290- CR 536/ZOAR ROAD @ BIG SATILIA CREEK TRIBUTARY Appling TBD TBD TBD TBD LOCL $14,850.00 0013818 SR 64 @ SATILLA RIVER 6 MI E OF PEARSON Atkinson 2020 $3,300,000.00 2016 $500,000.00 2019 $250,000.00 Federal 0015581 Bridge Replacement of CR 180 (Liberty Church Road) over Little Hurricane Creek. This Bacon N/A N/A 2019 $250,000.00 N/A N/A Federal bridge is structurally deficient and requires posting as cross bracing has been added at each intermediate bent, some have been replaced and concrete is spalling under deck and exposing rebar. 570720- CR 159 @ LITTLE HURRICANE CREEK NW OF ALMA Bacon TBD TBD TBD TBD LOCL $29,700.00 0007154 The proposed project would consist of replacing the bridge on SR 216 at Baker 2017 $6,454,060.87 2007 $667,568.36 2016 $290,000.00 Federal Ichawaynochaway Creek by closing the existing roadway & maintaining traffic on an off- site detour of approximately 40 miles. this project is located 12.7 miles northwest of Newton, Georgia and is 0.16 miles in length. Bridge ID: 007-0007-0 0007153 This project is the replacement of the existing bridge on SR 200@ Ichawaynochaway Baker 2018 $4,068,564.69 2012 $766,848.95 2017 $70,000.00 State Creek. The current bridge sufficency rating is 55.63 and will be replaced with a wider bridge that meets current GDOT guidelines. -
Bookletchart™ Altamaha Sound NOAA Chart 11508
BookletChart™ Altamaha Sound NOAA Chart 11508 A reduced-scale NOAA nautical chart for small boaters When possible, use the full-size NOAA chart for navigation. Published by the Altamaha River is formed by the confluence of the Oconee River and Ocmulgee River, 110 miles above the town of Darien and 119 miles National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration above its mouth, and flows in a general southeasterly direction, entering National Ocean Service the western end of Altamaha Sound. The river is subject to freshets, and Office of Coast Survey depths change radically. In 1983, the reported controlling depth was 3 feet during 8 months of www.NauticalCharts.NOAA.gov the year to Milledgeville, a city on the Oconee River 126 miles above the 888-990-NOAA junction with the Altamaha River, and 3 feet to Macon, a city on the Ocmulgee River 178 miles above the junction. The depths are 2 to 12 What are Nautical Charts? feet less during the summer low-water period. U.S. Route 17 highway bridge over South Altamaha River, 2.5 miles Nautical charts are a fundamental tool of marine navigation. They show south of Darien, has a fixed span with a clearance of 35 feet. An water depths, obstructions, buoys, other aids to navigation, and much overhead power cable on the west side of the bridge has a clearance of more. The information is shown in a way that promotes safe and 55 feet. Interstate Route 95 highway bridge crossing South Altamaha efficient navigation. Chart carriage is mandatory on the commercial River, about 1.2 miles westward of U.S. -
Aerial Surveys for Sea Turtles in Southern Georgia Waters, June 1991 Joanne Braun National Marine Fisheries Service
Gulf of Mexico Science Volume 14 Article 8 Number 1 Number 1 1996 Aerial Surveys for Sea Turtles in Southern Georgia Waters, June 1991 Joanne Braun National Marine Fisheries Service Sheryan P. Epperly National Marine Fisheries Service DOI: 10.18785/goms.1401.08 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/goms Recommended Citation Braun, J. and S. P. Epperly. 1996. Aerial Surveys for Sea Turtles in Southern Georgia Waters, June 1991. Gulf of Mexico Science 14 (1). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol14/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf of Mexico Science by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Braun and Epperly: Aerial Surveys for Sea Turtles in Southern Georgia Waters, June 1 SHORT PAPERS AND NOTES 39 cea: Palinuridae); behaviour and environmental gered Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii). As a correlates. Bull. Mar. Sci. 28:601-623. result of this stranding event and the unusually MoRRIS, B., J. BARNES, F. BROWN, AND J. MARKHAM. high number of incidents involving sea turtles 1977. The Bermuda marine environment: a re during the first 5 weeks of the dredging proj port of the Bermuda inshore waters investigations ect, the USACOE requested that we utilize ae 1976-1977. Bermuda Biological Station Special Publication 15:49-50. St. George's West, Bermuda, rial reconnaissance to document the distribu Sep. 1977. tion and relative abundance of turtles in the NEWLAND, P. -
List of Rivers of Georgia
Sl. No River Name Draining Into 1 Savannah River Atlantic Ocean 2 Black Creek Atlantic Ocean 3 Knoxboro Creek Atlantic Ocean 4 Ebenezer Creek Atlantic Ocean 5 Brier Creek Atlantic Ocean 6 Little River Atlantic Ocean 7 Kettle Creek Atlantic Ocean 8 Broad River Atlantic Ocean 9 Hudson River Atlantic Ocean 10 Tugaloo River Atlantic Ocean 11 Chattooga River Atlantic Ocean 12 Tallulah River Atlantic Ocean 13 Coleman River Atlantic Ocean 14 Bull River Atlantic Ocean 15 Shad River Atlantic Ocean 16 Halfmoon River Atlantic Ocean 17 Wilmington River Atlantic Ocean 18 Skidaway River Atlantic Ocean 19 Herb River Atlantic Ocean 20 Odingsell River Atlantic Ocean 21 Ogeechee River Atlantic Ocean 22 Little Ogeechee River (Chatham County) Atlantic Ocean 23 Vernon River Atlantic Ocean 24 Canoochee River Atlantic Ocean 25 Williamson Swamp Creek Atlantic Ocean 26 Rocky Comfort Creek Atlantic Ocean 27 Little Ogeechee River (Hancock County) Atlantic Ocean 28 Bear River Atlantic Ocean 29 Medway River Atlantic Ocean 30 Belfast River Atlantic Ocean 31 Tivoli River Atlantic Ocean 32 Laurel View River Atlantic Ocean 33 Jerico River Atlantic Ocean 34 North Newport River Atlantic Ocean 35 South Newport River Atlantic Ocean 36 Sapelo River Atlantic Ocean 37 Broro River Atlantic Ocean 38 Mud River Atlantic Ocean 39 Crescent River Atlantic Ocean 40 Duplin River Atlantic Ocean 41 North River Atlantic Ocean 42 South River Atlantic Ocean 43 Darien River Atlantic Ocean 44 Altamaha River Atlantic Ocean 45 Ohoopee River Atlantic Ocean 46 Little Ohoopee River Atlantic Ocean -
Draft 2018 Integrated 305(B)/303(D) List
Draft 2018 Integrated 305(b)/303(d) List - Coastal Streams Reach Name/ID Reach Location/County River Basin/ Assessment/ Cause/ Size/Unit Category/ Notes Use Data Provider Source Priority Altamaha River Butler River to Altamaha Altamaha Supporting 7 1 Sound GAR030701060509 Glynn, McIntosh Fishing 1,5,55 Miles Bungalow Creek Headwaters to Hampton River Altamaha Supporting 2 1 GAR030701060519 Glynn Fishing 5 Miles Butler River Altamaha River to Altamaha Altamaha Supporting 5 1 River (upstream and downstream of I-95) GAR030701060504 McIntosh Fishing 5 Miles Darien River Cathead Creek to May Hall Altamaha Supporting 5 1 Creek (formerly Cathead Creek to May Creek) GAR030701060511 McIntosh Fishing 1,5,55 Miles Hampton River Village Creek to Bungalow Altamaha Supporting 1 1 Creek GAR030701060521 Glynn Fishing 5 Miles Hampton River Jones Creek to Mosquito Creek Altamaha Assessment 3 3 EPD needs to determine the "natural DO" for the Pending area before a use assessment is made. GAR030701060520 Glynn Fishing 5 Miles Hampton River Mosquito Creek to Village Altamaha Supporting 3 1 Creek GAR030701060516 Glynn Fishing 5 Miles Pine Creek Hampton River to the Altamaha Supporting 2 1 Hampton River GAR030701060517 Glynn Fishing 5 Miles South Altamaha River Altamaha River to Buttermilk Altamaha Supporting 15 1 Sound GAR030701060505 McIntosh, Glynn Fishing 5 Miles Page 1 Draft 2018 Integrated 305(b)/303(d) List - Coastal Streams Reach Name/ID Reach Location/County River Basin/ Assessment/ Cause/ Size/Unit Category/ Notes Use Data Provider Source Priority South Branch (aka Altamaha River to Altamaha Altamaha Supporting 5 1 South Altamaha River) River near Cambers Island GAR030701060510 McIntosh, Glynn Fishing 5 Miles Tributary to Village Headwaters to Village Creek Altamaha Assessment 2 3 EPD needs to determine the "natural DO" for the Creek Pending area before a use assessment is made. -
391-3-6-.03 Water Use Classifications and Water Quality Standards.*
391-3-6-.03 Water Use Classifications and Water Quality Standards.* (1) Purpose. The establishment of water quality standards. (2) Water Quality Enhancement: (a) The purposes and intent of the State in establishing Water Quality Standards are to provide enhancement of water quality and prevention of pollution; to protect the public health or welfare in accordance with the public interest for drinking water supplies, conservation of fish, wildlife and other beneficial aquatic life, and agricultural, industrial, recreational, and other reasonable and necessary uses and to maintain and improve the biological integrity of the waters of the State. (b)(i) Existing instream water uses and the level of water quality necessary to protect the existing uses shall be maintained and protected. (ii) Where the quality of the waters exceed levels necessary to support propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife and recreation in and on the water, that quality shall be maintained and protected unless the division finds, after full satisfaction of the intergovernmental coordination and public participation provisions of the division’s continuing planning process, that allowing lower water quality is necessary to accommodate important economic or social development in the area in which the waters are located. In allowing such degradation or lower water quality, the division shall assure water quality adequate to protect existing uses fully. Further, the division shall assure that there shall be achieved the highest statutory and regulatory requirements for all new and existing point sources and all cost-effective and reasonable best management practices for nonpoint source control. (c) Outstanding National Resource Waters (ONRW). This designation will be considered for an outstanding national resource waters, such as waters of National or State parks and wildlife refuges and waters of exceptional recreational or ecological significance. -
Georgia Florida Atlantic Ocean
280 ¢ U.S. Coast Pilot 4, Chapter 8 26 SEP 2021 80°W Chart Coverage in Coast Pilot 4—Chapter 8 NOAA’s Online Interactive Chart Catalog has complete chart coverage SAVANNAH RIVER http://www.charts.noaa.gov/InteractiveCatalog/nrnc.shtml Savannah 81°W 81°30'W 32°N 11512 WASSAW SOUND OSSABAW SOUND ST. CATHERINES SOUND 11511 SAPELO SOUND 31°30'N 11507 11502 DOLBY SOUND 11509 ALTAMAHA SOUND GEORGIA 11508 Brunswick 11506 ST. SIMONS SOUND 2 31°N ST. ANDREW SOUND 150 1 11504 ST. MARYS RIVER Fernandina Beach 11503 FLORIDA 30°30'N NASSAU SOUND Jacksonville 1 1489 ATL ANTIC OCEAN ST. JOHNS RIVER 30°N 11488 26 SEP 2021 U.S. Coast Pilot 4, Chapter 8 ¢ 281 Savannah River to St. Johns River (1) This chapter describes the coasts of South Carolina, (6) Georgia, and Florida from Savannah River to St. Johns ENCs - US4GA17M, US4GA11M, US4FL50M River and includes the deepwater ports of Brunswick, GA, Charts - 11509, 11502, 11488 and Fernandina Beach, FL. Also discussed are Wassaw, Ossabaw, St. Catherines, Sapelo, Doboy, Altamaha, St. (7) The coast from Savannah River to St. Johns River Simons, St. Andrew, Jekyll, Cumberland and Nassau extends in a south-southwesterly direction for about 100 Sounds, and their tributaries, and several of the small miles. Islands separated by numerous sounds and rivers towns along these waterways. constitute the entire coast. In general these islands are (2) The Intracoastal Waterway for this section of the heavily wooded with marshy areas bordering them on coast is described in chapter 12. their western sides.