Reusable Solutions: How Governments Can Help Stop Single-Use Plastic Pollution Executive Summary
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Reducing Single-Use Plastic Waste in Education City
REDUCING SINGLE-USE PLASTIC WASTE IN EDUCATION CITY A CASE STUDY JUNE 2020 04 Executive summary Introduction: single-use plastics 08 are a global environmental crisis International examples: countries 10 banning single-use plastics Qatar’s efforts to reduce 14 plastic waste 16 Case study: Education City QF as a testbed and research 30 partner for national policy Appendix 1: List of policies 32 implemented at Education City Appendix 2: QF's environmentally 36 friendly incentives for vendors 02 03 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The world’s plastic pollution problem is terribly acute and single-use plastic products account for close to 50% of all plastic waste. This report highlights some of the international best practices deployed by various countries to combat this problem, as well as the approach adopted by Qatar Foundation (QF) in reducing single-use plastic consumption and waste in Education City. HIGHLIGHTS OF SUCCESSFUL POLICIES IMPLEMENTED IN EDUCATION CITY As a motivated participant and supporter of the government’s efforts to protect the environment, QF has launched several efforts aimed at reducing plastic consumption in Education City, which include the below: REGULATIONS MARKET-BASED ACTIVATION AWARENES RAISING AND BEHAVIOR NUDGING AND FINANCIAL INCENTIVES INFORMATION SHARING Mandated restriction of activities Financial incentives and disincentives to Variety of programs and interventions Nudging behaviors toward using regulatory instruments, guide behaviour toward environmentally designed to inform the public and environmentally responsible -
What Is Plastic Reusable Packaging?
Sustainability Advantages of Reusable Containers What is plastic reusable packaging? Plastic reusable packaging products are used to move, store and distribute product within a single operation or entire supply chain. From raw material to finished goods, plastic reusable packaging safely and efficiently moves material/product along different points of the supply chain and ultimately to its destination. It is ideal for multiple trip applications in a closed-loop environment or well-managed supply chain. It can also be used effectively in a managed open-loop system, with reverse logistics in place to return empty containers or pallets for re-use or replenishment. Products can include: • Hand-held containers, bins, boxes or totes • Pallets, slip sheets, top frames and top caps • Divider sheets • Bulk containers, bins, boxes or totes • Protective interior dunnage (custom) • Storage containers and metal systems • Custom designed and engineered packaging By design, plastic reusable packaging products offer durable, rigid construction; contoured surfaces; easy-to-grasp handles; high levels of recyclability and vast identification options. These dimensionally consistent containers and pallets are easy to handle and interface effortlessly with all types of high-speed automated equipment. In fact, some products are specially designed to be "hands-free" and solely handled by robots or conveyors. Plastic packaging has no nails or loose corrugated flaps to halt a high-speed system. And, in high-volume industries, hundreds of thousands of dollars are lost when an automated system is stopped. Whether shipping plastic bottles to a soft drink bottler for filling; trim parts to an automotive manufacturer; electronic components to a computer manufacturer or consumer goods to the mass retailer, plastic reusable containers and pallets will help move product faster, better, safer and more cost effectively. -
Towards Distributed Recycling with Additive Manufacturing of PET Flake Feedstocks
materials Article Towards Distributed Recycling with Additive Manufacturing of PET Flake Feedstocks Helen A. Little 1, Nagendra G. Tanikella 2, Matthew J. Reich 2, Matthew J. Fiedler 1, Samantha L. Snabes 1 and Joshua M. Pearce 2,3,4,* 1 re:3D Inc., 1100 Hercules STE 220, Houston, TX 77058, USA; [email protected] (H.A.L.); [email protected] (M.J.F.); [email protected] (S.L.S.) 2 Department of Material Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; [email protected] (N.G.T.); [email protected] (M.J.R.) 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA 4 Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-906-487-1466 Received: 28 July 2020; Accepted: 22 September 2020; Published: 25 September 2020 Abstract: This study explores the potential to reach a circular economy for post-consumer Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (rPET) packaging and bottles by using it as a Distributed Recycling for Additive Manufacturing (DRAM) feedstock. Specifically, for the first time, rPET water bottle flake is processed using only an open source toolchain with Fused Particle Fabrication (FPF) or Fused Granular Fabrication (FGF) processing rather than first converting it to filament. In this study, first the impact of granulation, sifting, and heating (and their sequential combination) is quantified on the shape and size distribution of the rPET flakes. Then 3D printing tests were performed on the rPET flake with two different feed systems: an external feeder and feed tube augmented with a motorized auger screw, and an extruder-mounted hopper that enables direct 3D printing. -
Recycling Compliance Assurance Plan (Cap)
Not A Notarized Copy - For Informational Purposes Only TOWN OF KNOWLTON, MARATHON COUNTY, WISCONSIN AMENDMENT #3, ORD. #25 RECYCLING COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE PLAN (CAP) PURPOSE: This policy will establish standard guidelines that will lead to compliance with the Town of Knowlton’s recycling ordinance. The Town Board is responsible for enforcing the Town of Knowlton’s recycling ordinance. The Town of Knowlton’s Clerk shall follow the guidelines identified in this Compliance Assurance Plan in response to issues associated with recycling and solid waste. This plan is intended to meet the requirements of s. NR 544.04(9g), Wis. Adm. Code as well as the Town of Knowlton’s recycling ordinance. DESCRIPTION OF COMPLIANCE STRATEGIES: Recycling Problem: Property found to have no methods for recycling in place; trash found mixed with recyclables; hauler mixes separated recyclables with trash. Compliance Strategy: 1st Response: Town Clerk shall send a letter to property owner reminding them of the requirement to comply with local recycling ordinances. Other educational materials will also be provided as needed. 2nd Response: Town Clerk shall send a letter to property owner giving them 45 days to comply with local recycling ordinances. Copy of letter shall be sent to Town Chairman. Enforcement Response: After 45 days has passed, the Town Board shall inspect property to determine if property is in compliance with ordinance. If found to be non-compliant, Town Chairman shall issue the property owner a citation per recycling ordinance. This ordinance shall be effective after its passage and publication as provided by law. Adopted: July 10, 2006 Approved: July 10, 2006 Published: July 20, 2006 Not A Notarized Copy - For Informational Purposes Only AMENDED RECYCLING ORDINANCE 1.01 Title. -
Plastic Bottles!
A Quarterly Newsletter Of The City of Irvine (949) 724-7669 Waste Management of Orange County (949) 642-1191 ® Winter 2005 WANTED FOR RECYCLING: How about All Plastic Bottles! that? For every seven trucks needed to It’s not a “numbers game” anymore deliver paper grocery bags to the store, only one truck is needed to carry the The main goal of any recycling program off program. Collecting “all plastic bot- same number of plastic grocery bags! is to maximize public participation, tles” helps us achieve higher recovery Remember to recycle your plastic increase amounts of post-consumer mate- rates for plastic bottles and reduce grocery bags! For a list of local gro- rials recycled, and minimize contamina- unwanted contaminants in our program at cery stores and other outlets that accept tion. An “all plastic bottle” collection the same time. plastic bags for recycling, visit program, like the one here in Irvine, helps While #1 (PET) and #2 (HDPE) www.plasticbagrecycling.org on the achieve that goal and makes it easier for plastic bottles are still in the highest web. consumers to recycle their plastic bottles. demand by manufacturers, accepting all Irvine residents don’t have to examine plastic bottles enables our program to those bottles anymore to make sure they recover higher volumes of PET and the pantry, your family room, or the car. have a #1 or #2 on them before tossing HDPE type plastics. Since 95 percent of So whether you have weekly curb- them into their recycling carts. all plastic bottles produced are PET and side waste and recycling service at your Consumers want to recycle their HDPE, it is reasonable to assume that the home or you live in a condominium or plastics, but the resin identification codes more bottles we collect overall, the larger apartment complex that has central bins, can be confusing. -
Plastic Fact Sheet
Fact Sheet Plastic Manufacturing plastics from recycled materials saves 70% of the energy required to make virgin plastic product from fossil fuels. Did you know…? Recycling plastic Australia produces more than 1.5 million tonnes of plastics All plastic is potentially recyclable, however, due to complex collection, every year, which is more than sorting and cleaning processes, only certain plastic bottles and containers 71kg per person. This includes: are currently accepted for recycling at your local Material Recovery Facility (MRF). Whether a type of plastic can be recycled in your area depends on its • 50,000 tonnes Plastic Identification Code. To help identify different plastics, manufacturers of soft drink bottles stamp a Plastic Identification Code on their products. This code is a number inside a triangle with chasing arrows, and is usually found on the bottom • 30,000 tonnes of the products, stamped on the plastic itself. of milk bottles • 10,000 tonnes of detergent At present plastic bottles and containers with the numbers 1, 2 and 5 are and shampoo bottles the most commonly recycled plastics, and include items such as milk and soft drink bottles and ice-cream containers. However, recycling technology is improving The rest is made up of shrink- all the time, and some local Councils are beginning to recycle other plastics, such wrap, film, shopping bags as 3, 4, 6 and 7. Check with your local Council, or look at the sticker on your and other types of plastics. recycling bin, to find out which plastic bottles and containers you can recycle. Australians used 3.9 billion plastic bags in 2007. -
Using Plastic Reusable Packaging to Support Your Lean Operation
Lean Packaging: Using Plastic Reusable Packaging to Support Your Lean Operation Copyright ã2004 ORBIS Corporation Executive Overview Today, more than 33% of US companies recognize the need for a lean philosophy to gain optimization in their operations and entire supply chain. Very simply….the lean philosophy emphasizes total system efficiency, continual improvement and value-added activity, to reduce costs. 1 This can be achieved in three ways: § The aggressive elimination of waste § Improved productive flow of material/product § Highly optimized inventory management According to the March 2001 issue of Modern Materials Handling, “Businesses succeed or fail based on their supply chain performance, therefore, the scope of lean thinking must encompass every aspect of every job within a company, including factory operations, engineering, project management, transportation and finance.” 2 And this includes packaging. According to Ford Motor Company, plastic reusable packaging drives lean production by facilitating the tremendous benefits. It opens the door to better scheduling, smaller batches and inventories, faster response to schedule changes and smaller, more frequent deliveries leading to the success of their "Synchronous Material Flow." It facilitates improved layouts and processes and provides a cleaner, safer, more ergonomic workplace. The net effect drives costs down. 3 The concepts behind lean production are not industry-specific. Whether shipping plastic bottles to a soft drink bottler for filling; trim parts to an automotive manufacturer; electronic components to a computer manufacturer or consumer goods to the mass retailer, plastic reusable packaging will help move product faster, better, safer and more cost effectively. While lean production seems is prevalent in the automotive industry, plenty of other leading industries have adopted lean philosophies, including: beverage, electronics, aerospace and pharmaceutical. -
224.50-585 Plastic Resin Code Labeling. (1) As Used in This Section: (A) "Rigid Plastic Container" Means Any Formed
224.50-585 Plastic resin code labeling. (1) As used in this section: (a) "Rigid plastic container" means any formed or molded article comprised predominantly of plastic resin and having a relatively inflexible finite shape or form intended primarily as a single service container with a capacity of eight (8) ounces or more and less than five (5) gallons; (b) "Rigid plastic bottle" means any rigid plastic container with a neck that is smaller than the container body with a capacity of sixteen (16) ounces or more and less than five (5) gallons; and (c) "Label" means a code label described in this section molded into the bottom of the plastic product. (2) All rigid plastic bottles and rigid plastic containers sold in Kentucky on and after January 1, 1992, shall be labeled with a code which indicates the resin used to produce the rigid plastic bottle or rigid plastic container. The code shall consist of a number placed inside a triangle and letters placed below the triangle. The triangle shall be equilateral, formed by three (3) arrows with the apex of each point of the triangle at the midpoint of each arrow, rounded with a short radius. The pointer or arrowhead of each arrow shall be at the midpoint of each side of the triangle with a short gap separating the pointer from the base of the adjacent arrow. The triangle, formed by the three (3) arrows curved at their midpoints, shall depict a clockwise path around the code number. The numbers and letters used shall be as follows: 1 = PETE (polyethylene terephthalate) 2 = HDPE (high density polyethylene) 3 = V (vinyl) 4 = LDPE (low density polyethylene) 5 = PP (polypropylene) 6 = PS (polystyrene) 7 = OTHER (represents all other resins, including layered plastics of a combination of materials). -
Roundtable Sustainability Series: the Packaging Industry
Executive Insights Roundtable Sustainability Series: The Packaging Industry We recently held an in-depth conversation about Recycled packaging can involve different substrates, or materials, sustainability’s impact on packaging with three such as tin, recycled plastics, recycled paperboard and wood chips. Recycled packaging is the most prevalent sustainable leaders in L.E.K. Consulting’s Paper & Packaging packaging product. Over the years, the quality of recycled practice: Thilo Henkes, Managing Director and packaging products has improved so much that some recycled packaging can be used in contact with food. However, we have practice head; Jeff Cloetingh, Managing Director; yet to see a recycled or biodegradable packaging product that and Rory Murphy, Principal. Excerpts from our can be used in medical applications that require sterility. wide-ranging discussion can be found below. Reusable packaging has been coming into vogue over the past few years. It involves a reusable container — for example, a How do you define sustainability in packaging? metal container that you can bring back to the store and get Thilo Henkes: Sustainability is a pressing topic in packaging; it’s a refilled. You see it mostly with food — Nestle is using it for ice growing segment of the packaging sector that is experiencing a lot cream — and some personal care applications such as shampoos of innovation as consumers increasingly focus on how sustainable and body creams. the packaging is for the products they purchase. Brands and what they stand for are embodied in their packaging, and a lot What is defined as sustainable packaging? of packaging gets discarded, so brands are increasingly giving In the market today there are three types of substrates the sustainability of their packaging attention as some consumer that fall under the definition of sustainable: biodegradable segments are making brand selection decisions based on it. -
Food Packaging Technology
FOOD PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY Edited by RICHARD COLES Consultant in Food Packaging, London DEREK MCDOWELL Head of Supply and Packaging Division Loughry College, Northern Ireland and MARK J. KIRWAN Consultant in Packaging Technology London Blackwell Publishing © 2003 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered Editorial Offices: trademarks, and are used only for identification 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ and explanation, without intent to infringe. Tel: +44 (0) 1865 776868 108 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JF, UK First published 2003 Tel: +44 (0) 1865 791100 Blackwell Munksgaard, 1 Rosenørns Allè, Library of Congress Cataloging in P.O. Box 227, DK-1502 Copenhagen V, Publication Data Denmark A catalog record for this title is available Tel: +45 77 33 33 33 from the Library of Congress Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, British Library Cataloguing in Victoria 3053, Australia Publication Data Tel: +61 (0)3 9347 0300 A catalogue record for this title is available Blackwell Publishing, 10 rue Casimir from the British Library Delavigne, 75006 Paris, France ISBN 1–84127–221–3 Tel: +33 1 53 10 33 10 Originated as Sheffield Academic Press Published in the USA and Canada (only) by Set in 10.5/12pt Times CRC Press LLC by Integra Software Services Pvt Ltd, 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W. Pondicherry, India Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA Printed and bound in Great Britain, Orders from the USA and Canada (only) to using acid-free paper by CRC Press LLC MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall USA and Canada only: For further information on ISBN 0–8493–9788–X Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: The right of the Author to be identified as the www.blackwellpublishing.com Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. -
Plastic Bottles Today Innovating to Reach Today’S Consumer
PLASTICS MARKET WATCH PLASTIC BOTTLES TODAY INNOVATING TO REACH TODAY’S CONSUMER BETTER INDUSTRY. BETTER WORLD. February 2017 The Plastics Industry Association (PLASTICS) sends special thanks to the Brand Owners, Processors and Equipment Councils, and Rigid Plastics Packaging Group (RPPG) for their guidance and input on this Bottling Plastics Market Watch Report. Materials were compiled, written and edited by William (Bill) Mashek, with editorial assistance from Kim Holmes, George Southworth, Kendra Martin and Ashley Stoney at PLASTICS. Copyright Plastics Industry Association. 02 Plastics Market Watch—Watching: Bottling Plastics Market Watch Plastic Bottles Today Innovating to Reach Today’s Consumer A series examining the business of plastics, including demographics, economics, policy developments and technological trends in specific plastics end markets. Contents 05 Forward 08 Introduction: Plastic Bottles Today— Innovating to Reach Today’s Consumer 11 Role of Plastics in Bottling 16 Growth of Plastics Bottling 20 Innovation 25 Plastic Bottle Economics 29 Bottling Equipment & Machinery 31 Recycling Progress 37 Conclusion 42 Plastic Bottle Glossary 49 Sources 52 Plastics Market Watch Snapshot Plastics Market Watch—Watching: Bottling 03 04 Plastics Market Watch—Watching: Bottling Forward The Plastics Industry Association’s (PLASTICS’) Plastics Market Watch reports provide forward-looking data and insights on key plastics industry end markets. The series examines the business of plastics, including demographics, economics, policy developments and technological improvements for markets including automotive and transportation, healthcare and medical devices, packaging, building and construction, automotive recycling, bioplastics and consumer electronics. Given the role that plastics play in today’s modern society, Plastics Market Watch reports offer a holistic picture of our technology—from beginning-of-life resins and polymers to end-of-life management and recycling efforts. -
Bringing Reusable Packaging Systems to Life Lessons Learned from Testing Reusable Cups Table of Contents
Bringing Reusable Packaging Systems to Life Lessons Learned from Testing Reusable Cups Table of Contents Introduction SECTION 1 SECTION 4 Setting the Scene Experimentation in Action — Lessons Learned — Reuse Model Insights Piloting Innovative Reusable Top Insights for Reuse How It Works Cup Systems Models SECTION 2 SECTION 5 The Journey of a Reusable What’s Next? — Building the Cup — A Multi-Stage Journey Future for Reuse Models Customer Awareness Sign-up Point-of-Sale SECTION 6 Drink Preparation Point-of-Handoff Appendix Point-of-Return Terms to Know Washing & Sanitizing Citations Pick-up & Delivery Acknowledgements B L E Inventory A T O F SECTION 3 Bringing Reusable Packaging C Systems to Life – Critical O Inputs & Considerations for N Scale S T T Engage Diverse Stakeholders E N Make Sustainable Material Choices Select the Perfect Spot Choose the Right Payment Model Optimize Health & Safety Protocols Measure Impact and Success Bringing Reusable Packaging Systems to Life 2 Dear Reader, If you visualize the current journey of most products and packaging in our economy, including the single-use cup, it looks like a straight line that starts with extracting finite raw materials and ends at the landfill. fter decades of relying on this food, are accelerating the growth of reuse The key to success for reuse models is seemingly convenient linear models. Over the last few years, we’ve seen continually testing, honing and refining them. Asystem, its long hidden costs in innovative companies explore and harness And assessing the environmental impact of terms of economic and environmental groundbreaking reusable packaging and reusable packaging is paramount during this consequences have become clear, bringing refill models, such as Algramo piloting phase of experimentation — we must ensure we us to a tipping point that necessitates a their “smart dispensing” reuse model with don’t introduce new unintended consequences better way forward — one that considers companies like Nestlé and Unilever, among when replacing one system with another.