~~GANPENUUS) Illat Tetap: ~~3, I-D~Gner ~1Jj1i't Sif1u

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~~GANPENUUS) Illat Tetap: ~~3, I-D~Gner ~1Jj1i't Sif1u PUMS 99:1 UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS TESIS ~€~(J':!rl>l-N AZAH: ~A.. fl:dA-N" ~DJ>, S"AHJC M.~~A-~ Ot-f1~~N ' ~~PtJ 'a'~""'N O~ti' n/DMl!{ ~\C-t.t~10C!;f ~~I'(' ''tN D~ Q..l ~fP-o~ SESI PENGAJIAN: ~e-o~ - ;l-o I 0 )'a tNP- ~tf../lN , BJ. f2-IR. to.- l 1 (HURUF BESAR) engaku membenarkan tesis (LPSI Srujana/ Doktor Falsafah) ini di simpan di Perpustakaan Universiti Malaysia Sabah ngan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut: 1. Tesis adalah hakmilik Universiti Malaysia Sabah. 2. Perpustakaan Universiti Malaysia Sabah dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja. 3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi. 4. ** Sila tandakan ( I ) (Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di SULIT dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972) (Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang teJah ditentukakan TERHAD oleh organisasilbadan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan) /" TIDAK TERHAD J~EAL ---- ~~GANPENUUS) Illat Tetap: ~~3, i-D~GNer ~1JJ1i't SIf1U , ~£tlN'5t tov~ I ~OOO %lPfVC!r ~ ..... Ofl..· .9;ftA¥-t p..uOrN lb· IN) a-~P-AN' Nama Penyelia ~~. \. l'AN: * Potong yang tidak berkenaan. * Jika tesis ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampiran surat daripada pihak berkuasa/organsasi berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali sebab dan tempoh tesis ini perlu dikelaskan sebagai SULIT dan TERHAD. * Tesis dimaksudkan sebagai tesis bagi Ijazah Doktor Falsafah dan Sarjana secara penyelidikan, atau disertasi bagi pengajian secara keIja kursus dan penyelidikan, atau Laporan Projek SaIjana Muda (LPSM). KAJIAN KE ATAS POTENSI SABAH SEBAGAI HAB HALAL NUR RAZUANI BINTI RAZALI LATIHAN ILMIAH INI DIKEMUKAKAN UNTUK MEMENUHI SEBAHAGIAN DARIPADA SYARAT MEMPEROLEHI DAZAH SARJANA MUDA SAINS MAKANAN DENGAN KEPUJIAN DALAM BIDANG TEKNOLOGI MAKANAN DAN BIOPROSES SEKOLAH SAINS MAKANAN DAN PEMAKANAN UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH 2010 PENGAKUAN Saya akui karya ini adalah hasil kerja saya sendiri kecuali segala nukilan, ringkasan dan rujukan yang tiap-tiap satunya telah saya jelaskan sumbernya. 16 April 2010. Nu Razuan bt. Razali HN2006-1811 ii PENGESAHAN NAMA NUR RAZUANI BT RAZAU NO. MATRIX HN2006-1811 TAJUK KAlIAN KEATAS POTENSI SABAH SEBAGAI HAB HALAL UAZAH DAZAH SARJANA MUDA SAINS MAKANAN DENGAN KEPUllAN (TEKNOLOGI MAKANAN DAN BIOPROSES) TARIKH VIVA : 12 MEl 2010 DISAHKAN OLEH 1. PENYEUA Prof. Madya Dr. Sharifudin b. Md. Shaarani 2. PEMERIKSA 1 Pn. Shalawati @ Salwa bt. Ibrahim 3. PEMERlKSA2 Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Ismail b. Abdullah 4. DEKAN Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Ismail b. Abdullah iii PENGHARGAAN Alhamdulillah syukur ke hadrat Allah Yang Maha Esa kerana dengan limpah dan kurnianya dapat saya menyiapkan projek penyelidikan ini dalam tempoh masa yang telah ditetapkan. Jutaan terima kasih dan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan saya ingin ucapkan kepada Prof. Madya Dr. Sharifuddin b. Md Shaarani, selaku penyelia tesis yang banyak membantu dan membimbing saya sepanjang kajian dan penulisan dari awal hingga akhir. Terima kasih juga kepada Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Ismail b. Abdullah selaku dekan Sekolah Sains Makanan dan Pemakanan, serta semua pensyarah dan kakitangan Sekolah Sains Makanan dan Pemakanan Universiti Malaysia Sabah yang secara tidak langsung turut terlibat membantu dalam lain-lain perkara. Penghargaan ini juga ingin saya tujukan kepada semua industri pemprosesan makanan halal di seluruh Sabah yang terlibat dengan kajian yang saya lakukan dan tidak lupa juga kepada personel-personel setiap institusi kerajaan yang telah saya menemu bual samada terlibat secara langsung atau tidak langsung. Jutaan terima kasih juga diucapkan kepada semua yang terlibat secara langsung atau tidak langsung untuk membantu saya dalam menyiapkan tesis ini. Semoga jasa baik tuan/puan diberkati Allah S.W.T dan diberikan ganjaran oleh-Nya. Amin. Nur Razuani bt. Razali 16 April 2010. iv ABSTRAK Kajian ini dijalankan bagi menilai potensi Sabah sebagai hab halal dari perspektif industri pemprosesan makanan halal di Sabah disamping mengenalpasti faktor-faktor dan pendedahan pembangunannya. Kajian ini menggunakan dua kaedah iaitu soal selidik dan temu bual. Soal selidik melibatkan 55 responden dari industri pemprosesan makanan halal di seluruh Sabah dan temu bual meJibatkan enam responden dari institusi jabatan kerajaan yang terJibat dengan pembangunan hab halal di Sabah. Potensi industri pemprosesan makanan halal dinilai dari enam aspek iaitu pensijilan, bahan mentah; ca aran perjanjian' AFTA dan WTO; sumber manusia; tahap teknologi dan penyelidikan dan pembangunan; dan pemasaran. Keputusan menunjukkan potensi pensijilan industri pemprosesan makanan halal di Sabah amat menggalakkan dengan seorang sahaja responden ditarik baJik pensijilan halal. Terdapat peningkatan terhadap permohonan pensijilan halal. Peratusan permintaan responden terhadap pensijilan lain seperti HACCP dan ISO amat tinggi. Didapati tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan diantara syarikat yang mempunyai pensijilan halal dengan jenis pendidikan pengusaha (p=O.748) dan jenis saiz syarikat (p=O.257). Sebanyak 98.2% responden menggunakan sumber bahan mentah tempatan dan 72.7% responden mengatakan sumber bahan mentah mereka mencukupi setiap permintaan. Didapati 56.4% responden menyedari cabaran perjanjian AFTA dan WTO dan wujud hubungan signifikan diantara kesedaran perjanjian ini dengan jenis saiz industri. Hanya 12.7% responden tidak mempunyai pekerja mahir. Bagi tahap teknologi mesin, 76.4% menggunakan mesin separa automatik. Terdapat perkaitan linear positif kuat diantara nilai pegeluaran produk tahunan dengan jenis mesin yang digunakan. Hanya 34.5% responden yang menjalankan aktiviti R&D. Pemasaran produk responden banyak tertumpu pada pasaran Sabah sahaja dan teknik e-dagang jarang digunakan. Bagi faktor-faktor pembangunan hab halal di Sabah didapati responden menyatakan "sangat setuju" bagi faktor "kehendak pengguna yang semakin mementingkan makanan selamat dan berkualiti". Cara pendedahan pembangunan hab halal banyak dilakukan secara pendidikan melalui seminar dan kursus oleh badan-badan yang terlibat. v ABSTRACT RESEARCH: STUDY OF SABAH POTEN77AL AS HALAL HUB This research intends to measure Sabah potential as halal hub based on the perspective of food processing industry in Sabah. This study also identifies factors and exposure of the development of halal hub in Sabah. Two methods were used in this study which was survey and interview. A total of 55 respondents from halal food processing industrial in Sabah were involved in the survey and six respondents from government institution related to the development of halal hub in Sabah were interviewed The potential of halal food processing industry was measured based on six aspects; certification, raw materials, human resource, technology level and research and development (R&D), marketing, and challenges in AFTA and WT03' agreement. Result showed that the potential of halal food processing industry in Sabah is positive since the application for halal certification has increased and high percentage of respondents' application for HACCP and ISO's certification. No significance difference between the company which owned halal certification and manufacturers level of education (p=0.748) and the company size (p=0.257). 717ere were 98.2% respondents used local raw materials and 72.7% respondents agreed that the raw materials are enough sufficient to meet the demand There is 56.4% respondents were aware of the agreement between AFTA and WTO and there is Significance difference between the awareness of that agreement and the industry's size. Only 12.7% of the industry did not employed professional workers. Most of the respondent utilizes semi-automatic machine. 717ere is strong positive linear relation between yearly production and the machine being used There were not many respondent involved in R&D. 717e markets were only in Sabah and e-trading technique rarely used The respondents strongly agree with ''the consumers needs in the quality and safety for the food has increased'~ Most of the halal hub information was exposed to halal industry by some of organization in seminar. vi lSI KANDUNGAN Halaman TAlUK I PENGAKUAN CALON ii PENGESAHAN iii PENGHARGAAN iv ABSTRAK v ABSTRACT vi SENARAI KANDUNGAN SENARAIlADUAL vii SENARAI RAJAH viii SENARAI SINGKATAN ix SENARAI LAMPIRAN x BAB l:PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Pengenalan 1 1.2 Objektif Kajian 8 BAB 2:ULASAN KEPUSTAKAAN 2.1 Pengertian Halal 9 2.1.1 Menurut Bahasa 9 2.1.2 Menurut AI-Quran 9 2.1.3 Menurut Hadith 11 2.1.4 Menurut Undang-undang 12 2.2 Hab Halal 13 2.3 Malaysia Sebagai Hab Halal 14 2.3.1 Initiatif Kerajaan 15 2.3.2 Kekuatan Malaysia Sebagai Hab Halal 20 2.4 Pasaran Halal 22 2.4.1 Faktor Pembukaan Pasaran Hab Halal 22 2.4.2 Populasi Penduduk Islam Dunia 23 2.4.3 Kawasan Pasaran Halal Malaysia 24 2.5 Pengenalan Kepada Negeri Sabah 25 2.6 Sabah dan Hab Halal 27 2.7 Kelebihan Sabah bagi Menjadi Hab Halal 29 BAB 3:BAHAN DAN KAEDAH 3.1 Persampelan 30 3.1.1 Saiz sampel 31 3.2 Kaedah 31 3.2.1 Borang Soal Selidik 31 3.2.2 Soalan Temu Bual Berstruktur 33 3.3 Ujian Pra-tinjauan 34 3.4 Analisis Data 34 3.4.1 Taburan frekuensi 34 3.4.2 Ujian Khi Kuasa Dua 35 3.4.3 Ujian Korelasi 35 BAB 4:HASIL DAN PERBINCANGAN 4.1 Tinjauan Kaji Selidik 36 4.1.1 Demografi 36 4.1.2 Menilai Potensi Industri Pemprosesan Makanan Halal Sabah sebagai Hab Halal 38 a. Pensijilan 38 b. Bahan Mentah 40 c. Cabaran Perjanjian AFfA&WTO 42 d. Sumber Manusia 44 e. Tahap teknologi dan Penyelidikan dan Pembangunan 49 f. Pemasaran 52 4.1.3 Faktor Pembangunan Hab Halal 57 4.1.4 Pendedahan
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