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Texas Trillium Arlington, Texas Ecological Services Field Office
U.S. FishU.S &. FishWildlife & Wildlife Service Service Texas Trillium Arlington, Texas Ecological Services Field Office Texas Trillium Trillium texanum Description Texas trillium belongs to the Liliaceae (lily) family and are rhizomatous herbs with unbranched stems. Trillium plants produce no true leaves or stems aboveground. Texas trillium has solitary white to pale pink flowers on a short stalk, situated above three bracteal leaves. It is the only trillium species in Texas with numerous stomata (specialized cells which open and close to regulate gas and water movement into/out of the plant) on Trillium pusillum var. texanum - (Photo Credit- Jason Singhurst) upper and lower surfaces of its bracts. Longevity is unknown, but one study fern (Woodwardia areolata), and showed that white trillium (Trillium green rein orchid (Platanthera grandiflorum) lives at least 30 years clavellata). based on estimates calculated from the number of constrictions on rhizomes. Conservation Although not listed as endangered or Habitat threatened by the State of Texas, Texas trillium habitat is characterized Texas trillium is ranked as a G2 by a shaded, forest understory. It (imperiled) by NatureServe and is flowers before full leaf-out of over ranked as a Sensitive Species by the story species and before being United States Forest Service. The Distribution overtopped by other herbaceous species is also listed on Texas Parks Texas trillium occurs across thirteen species. Texas trillium is found in the and Wildlife Department’s 2010 List counties in East Texas and into ecotone between riparian baygall and of the Rare Plants of Texas and as a northwestern Louisiana (Caddo sandy pine or oak uplands in the Species of Greatest Conservation Parish). -
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE
Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE LILIACEAE de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family) (also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE) As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much recent investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1993) himself concurs, at least to a degree: "we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms." Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgren's arrangement. The most recent synthesis (Kubitzki 1998a) is followed as the basis for familial and generic taxonomy of the lilies and their relatives (see summary below). References: Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). Our “liliaceous” genera (members of orders placed in the Lilianae) are therefore divided as shown below, largely following Kubitzki (1998a) and some more recent molecular analyses. ALISMATALES TOFIELDIACEAE: Pleea, Tofieldia. LILIALES ALSTROEMERIACEAE: Alstroemeria COLCHICACEAE: Colchicum, Uvularia. LILIACEAE: Clintonia, Erythronium, Lilium, Medeola, Prosartes, Streptopus, Tricyrtis, Tulipa. MELANTHIACEAE: Amianthium, Anticlea, Chamaelirium, Helonias, Melanthium, Schoenocaulon, Stenanthium, Veratrum, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Xerophyllum, Zigadenus. -
Autumn 2019 Beechill Bulbs Welcome to Our Autumn 2019 Collection
Autumn 2019 Beechill Bulbs Welcome to our autumn 2019 collection. As always, bursting with colour and ideas to transform your areas into dazzling displayof warmth and vibrance at an otherwise cold and dull time of the year. Biodiversity & Sustainability This subject has gathered significant momentum now with everincreasing interest in more nature friendly varieties - Alliums,Crocus etc., as well as an increasing scrutiny on the methods ofgrowing and harvesting. This is reflected in the ongoing interest in the increasing amount of organic bulb Beechill Bulbs Ltd lines that are now available (pages 110 to 115). Ballyduff Mechanical planting Tullamore The mechanical planter has proven itself to be a worthwhile Co. Offaly companion on any suitable planting project. As a minimum damage, maximum impact method of planting it has P: +353-57-9322956 no match. Suitable for projects of 100m upwards, we’re F: +353-57-9322957 available to come on-site and give you a survey for suitability and a quote there and then. E: [email protected] Keukenhof trip W: www.bulbs.ie Our annual trip to the Keukenhof gardens has proven to be most popular as a training day in relation to the @beechillbulbs plant production and nurseries, as well as a networking opportunity, with some solid connections - even friendships @BeechillBulbs - formed over the years. beechillbulbs Weather Always a topic near the front of any gardeners mind, the Beast from the east wreaked havoc on flowering times and indeed plant health last year, followed by the drought from the south. This impacted on bulb sizes, yields and disease. -
State of New York City's Plants 2018
STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species. -
Molecular Systematics of Trilliaceae 1. Phylogenetic Analyses of Trillium Using Mafk Gene Sequences
J. Plant Res. 112: 35-49. 1999 Journal of Plant Research 0by The Botanical Society of Japan 1999 Molecular Systematics of Trilliaceae 1. Phylogenetic Analyses of Trillium Using mafK Gene Sequences Shahrokh Kazempour Osaloo', Frederick H. Utech', Masashi Ohara3,and Shoichi Kawano'* Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan * Section of Botany, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A. Department of Biology, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-0041 Japan Comparative DNA sequencing of the chloroplast gene Today, each species of Trillium is restricted to one of three matK was conducted using 41 Trillium taxa and two out- geographical areas-eastern Asia, western and eastern group taxa (Veratrum maackii and He/onias bullata). A North America. All 38 North American species are diploid total of 1608 base pairs were analyzed and compared., and (2n=10), except for the rare triploids (Darlington and Shaw then there were 61 variable (36 informative) sites among 1959). In contrast, only one of the ten Asian species, T. Trillium species. Fifteen insertion/deletion events (indels) camschatcense Ker-Gawler (= T. kamtschaticum Pallas), is of six or fieen base pairs were also detected. diploid. The remaining species are allopolyploids showing a Phylogenetic analyses of the sequence data revealed that complex polyploid series of 2n=15,20,30with combinations the subgenus Phyllantherum (sessile-flowered species) of different genomes -
Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations
Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations Revised Report and Documentation Prepared for: Department of Defense U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Submitted by: January 2004 Species at Risk on Department of Defense Installations: Revised Report and Documentation CONTENTS 1.0 Executive Summary..........................................................................................iii 2.0 Introduction – Project Description................................................................. 1 3.0 Methods ................................................................................................................ 3 3.1 NatureServe Data................................................................................................ 3 3.2 DOD Installations............................................................................................... 5 3.3 Species at Risk .................................................................................................... 6 4.0 Results................................................................................................................... 8 4.1 Nationwide Assessment of Species at Risk on DOD Installations..................... 8 4.2 Assessment of Species at Risk by Military Service.......................................... 13 4.3 Assessment of Species at Risk on Installations ................................................ 15 5.0 Conclusion and Management Recommendations.................................... 22 6.0 Future Directions............................................................................................. -
Trumpet Vine Knowledge for the Community from Loudoun County Extension Master Gardeners Spring 2020
Trumpet Vine Knowledge for the Community From Loudoun County Extension Master Gardeners Spring 2020 Volume XVI, Issue 2 www.loudouncountymastergardeners.org LOUDOUN COUNTY We Can Depend on Spring EXTENSION MASTER GARDENER LECTURE SERIES In these uncertain times, there is great comfort in the FREE AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC inevitability of spring. Trees are budding out and some 7 P.M. magnolias are beginning to bloom. (We won’t celebrate the RUST LIBRARY Bradford pears! Ugh!) Daffodils are in bloom, and the spring 380 OLD WATERFORD RD. NW wildflowers are emerging. Bloodroot is up and blooming on LEESBURG, VA 20176 sunny slopes, and the Virginia bluebells are beginning to emerge. IF INCLEMENT WEATHER CLOSES LOUDOUN COUNTY GOVERNMENT, It seems intuitive that with longer periods of sun and rising THE LECTURE WILL BE CANCELED. temperatures, plants are growing and blooming but what PLEASE CHECK THE CALENDAR ON THE triggers the plants is really just the opposite. FRONT PAGE OF OUR WEBSITE FOR THE LECTURE SERIES. CURRENTLY ALL In the fall, plants go dormant when the nights lengthen and then LIBRARY PROGRAMS ARE CANCELED. they start to sprout when the nights shorten. Also, some plants are able to measure the amount of cold that has occurred and when a sufficient number of chilling hours accumulates, they are triggered to bloom or send out new growth. Observe the spring wildflowers as they emerge. Some good sites are the Balls Bluff Regional Park in northeast Leesburg, River Bend Park in Great Falls, or just a local trail in a wooded area or along a stream. -
Dissertation
DISSERTATION Chromosomal evolution in Prospero autumnale complex Verfasser Tae-Soo Jang angestrebter akademischer Grad Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Wien, 2013 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 094 437 Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt: Biologie Betreuerin: Ass.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Hanna Schneeweiss Priv. Doz. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 1 Description of the contribution to the individual manuscripts ....................................................... 3 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................ 5 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................................... 6 General introduction .......................................................................................................................... 7 Aims of the study .................................................................................................................. 11 Chapter 1: Chromosomal diversification and karyotype evolution of diploids in the cytologically diverse genus Prospero (Hyacinthaceae) ........................................................................................................ 19 Chapter 2: Expansion of tandem repeat PaB6 coincides with chromosomal rearrangements in the chromosomally hyper-variable Prospero autumnale complex -
Bioactive Steroids and Saponins of the Genus Trillium
molecules Review Bioactive Steroids and Saponins of the Genus Trillium Shafiq Ur Rahman 1,*, Muhammad Ismail 2, Muhammad Khurram 1, Irfan Ullah 3, Fazle Rabbi 2 and Marcello Iriti 4,* ID 1 Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, Dir 18000, Pakistan; [email protected] 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; [email protected] (M.I.); [email protected] (F.R.) 3 Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; [email protected] 4 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, 20133 Milan, Italy * Correspondence: shafi[email protected] (S.U.R.); [email protected] (M.I.); Tel.: +92-334-930-9550 (S.U.R.); +39-025-031-6766 (M.I.) Received: 17 October 2017; Accepted: 1 December 2017; Published: 5 December 2017 Abstract: The species of the genus Trillium (Melanthiaceae alt. Trilliaceae) include perennial herbs with characteristic rhizomes mainly distributed in Asia and North America. Steroids and saponins are the main classes of phytochemicals present in these plants. This review summarizes and discusses the current knowledge on their chemistry, as well as the in vitro and in vivo studies carried out on the extracts, fractions and isolated pure compounds from the different species belonging to this genus, focusing on core biological properties, i.e., cytotoxic, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activities. Keywords: bioactive phytochemicals; cytotoxic activity; anti-inflammatory activity; analgesic activity; antifungal activity 1. Introduction Natural products obtained from plants have played remarkable role in drug discovery and improvement of health care system [1–6]. -
Ecology of Three Populations of the Rare Woodland Perennial, Trillium Pusillum Michaux (Liliaceae) in Southwestern Missouri
Missouriensis, Volume 26 2005 [2006] 7 ECOLOGY OF THREE POPULATIONS OF THE RARE WOODLAND PERENNIAL, TRILLIUM PUSILLUM MICHAUX (LILIACEAE) IN SOUTHWESTERN MISSOURI Cynthia S. Andre and D. Alexander Wait* Department of Biology Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897 Wendy B. Anderson Department of Biology Drury University, Springfield, MO 65804 Trillium pusillum Michx. (incl. var. ozarkanum (E.J. Palmer & Steyerm.) Steyerm.), the Ozark wake robin, is a perennial, woodland spring ephemeral that blooms in Missouri in late March or early April and fruits and senesces in early July. The species was formerly considered federally for listing as an endangered species, is listed as category S2 of conservation concern in Missouri by the Missouri Natural Heritage Program (Missouri Natural Heritage Program, 2006), and is considered to be imperiled in all five of the states where it grows. It is believed to be limited to 17 sites in Missouri. As a member of the spring ephemeral guild, T. pusillum is a potentially important component of Ozark woodlands. Spring ephemerals provide nectar and pollen to pollinators early in their above ground season when few other plants are in bloom, and they function as a “vernal dam” by temporarily sequestering nutrients and preventing leaching from forest systems during a period of high nutrient availability (Vitousek and Reiners, 1975; Bormann and Likens, 1979; Blank et al., 1980; Hedin et al., 1995; Anderson and Eickmeier, 2000; Anderson, 2004). Trillium pusillum habitat in Missouri has only been described in general terms, such as “mesic to dry-mesic upland forests on gentle slopes, usually in cherty soils on calcareous substrates” or ____________________ Correspondence to: D. -
1980-04R.Pdf
COMING IN THE NEXT ISSUE Victoria Padilla is recognized as an expert on bromeliads. She will share her knowledge with readers in the OctoberlNovember issue when she writes about their history and development as popular house plants. In addition, look for George Taloumis' article on a charming Savannah townhouse garden and an article on new poinsettia varieties by another expert, Paul Ecke. Roger D. Way will write about new apple varieties and Mrs. Ralph Cannon will offer her G: hoices for hardy plants for damp soils. And last but not least, look for a staff article on money-saving ideas for the garden. We've canvassed over 100 gardeners for their best tips. All this and more in the next issue of American Horticulturist. Illustration by Vi rgini a Daley .- VOLUME 59 NUMBER 4 Judy Powell EDITO R Rebecca McClimans ART DIRECTOR Pam Geick PRODUCTION ASS ISTANT Steven H . Davis Jane Steffey ED ITO RI AL ASS ISTANTS H . Marc Cath ey Gi lbert S. Da ni els Donald Wyman H ORTICULTURAL CONSULTANTS Gil bert S. Daniels BOOK EDITOR Page 28 Page 24 May Lin Roscoe BUSINESS MA AGER Dorothy Sowerby EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FEATURES COORDINATOR Broad-leaved Evergreens 16 Judy Canady MEMBERSH IP/SUBSCRIPTI O N Text and Photograph y by Donald Wyman SERVICE Padua 18 Ci nd y Weakland Text and Photography by David W. Lee ASS IST ANT TO THE EDITOR John Si mm ons Bulbs That Last and Last 23 PRODUCTION C OORDINATIO N Isabel Zucker Chro magraphics In c. Plant Propagation-The Future is Here 24 COLOR SEPARATI ONS Chiko Haramaki and Charles Heuser C. -
New Jersey Strategic Management Plan for Invasive Species
New Jersey Strategic Management Plan for Invasive Species The Recommendations of the New Jersey Invasive Species Council to Governor Jon S. Corzine Pursuant to New Jersey Executive Order #97 Vision Statement: “To reduce the impacts of invasive species on New Jersey’s biodiversity, natural resources, agricultural resources and human health through prevention, control and restoration, and to prevent new invasive species from becoming established.” Prepared by Michael Van Clef, Ph.D. Ecological Solutions LLC 9 Warren Lane Great Meadows, New Jersey 07838 908-637-8003 908-528-6674 [email protected] The first draft of this plan was produced by the author, under contract with the New Jersey Invasive Species Council, in February 2007. Two subsequent drafts were prepared by the author based on direction provided by the Council. The final plan was approved by the Council in August 2009 following revisions by staff of the Department of Environmental Protection. Cover Photos: Top row left: Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar); Photo by NJ Department of Agriculture Top row center: Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora); Photo by Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org Top row right: Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica); Photo by Troy Evans, Eastern Kentucky University, Bugwood.org Middle row left: Mile-a-Minute (Polygonum perfoliatum); Photo by Jil M. Swearingen, USDI, National Park Service, Bugwood.org Middle row center: Canadian Thistle (Cirsium arvense); Photo by Steve Dewey, Utah State University, Bugwood.org Middle row right: Asian