DOCSLIB.ORG

= 1M11111111n11111111m1a111111 the Heritage-Scape

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
= 1M11111111n11111111m1a111111 the Heritage-Scape Borrower: IUL Call#: 338.4 D574h Lending String: Location: 3rd Floor IND,*IAC,IAD,IAl,IAL,CGU,UIU,IAY,KEU,EZC,EEM ,EYM,EXW,EXW,DNU Patron: Castaneda, Quetzil ODYSSEY ENABLED Journal Title: The heritage-scape ; UNESCO, Charge world heritage, and tourism I Maxcost: 45.00IFM Volume: Issue: Shipping Address: MonthNear: 2009Pages: 145-186, cover Indiana Univ .libraries copyright table Document Delivery Services Herman W Wells Library E065 Article Author: michael digiovine 1320 E. 10th St. Bloomington, IN 47405 Article Title: CHAPTER FOURTourism;The Heritage-scape's Ritual Interaction (include cover, Fax: copyright, table of contents} Ariel: 129.79.35.71 Email: [email protected] z t- Imprint: Lanham; Lexington Books, c2009. '"CJ :j ILL Number: 112794944 = 1m11111111n11111111m1a111111 The Heritage-scape UNESCO, World Heritage, and Tourism MICHAEL A. DI GIOVfNE LEXl1'GTON BOOKS A division of ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS. !!'IC Lanham •Boulder • Ne.i fork • Tammo • P(rmo11th. l K LEXINGION BOOKS A division of Rowman & Littlefield Publish«s, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard. Suite 200 Lauham, MD 20706 Estover Road Plymouth Pl.6 7PY United Kingdom Copyright@ 2009 by Lexington Boob All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval syssem. or transmitted in any fonn or by any means, electronic, meclumical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise. without the prior pcmrlsaioo of the publishct. British Library Cataloguing in Publicatioo Information Available Library of Coagresa Ca........ -ia-hbUcatioa Data Di Giovinc; Michael A. The heritage-scape : UNESCO, world heritage. and tourism I Michael A. Di Giovine. p.cm. Includes bt°hliographical refercooes and index. lSBN-13: 978-0-7391-J434-6(cloch: alk.. paper) ISBN-10: 0-7391-1434-4 (cloth: aJk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-0-7391-1435-3 (pbk.: alk:. peper) ISBN-10: 0-7391-1435-2 (pbk.: alk.. papa-) dSBN-13: 978-0-7391-3144-2 dSBN-10: 0-7391-3144-3 I. World Heritage seas. 2. Haitage tourimi. 3. Unesco. 4. Pace-building. I. Tide. Gl40.5.DS4 2009 l38.4'791-dc22 2008031214 Printed in the United Salta of America TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Traveling Across Stones that Speak CHAPTER ONE Mediating World Heritage: Authenticity and Fields of Production in Tourism and Heritage 25 CHAPTER TWO The Heritage-scape: UNESCO's Globalizing Endeavor 69 CHAPTER THREE Unity in Diversity: The Heritage-scape's Meta-Narrative Claim 119 CHAPTER FOUR Tourism: The Heritage-scape's Ritual Interaction 145 CHAPTER FIVE Converting Localities into Universal Heritage 187 CHAPTER SIX Politics and Personalities Within the Heritage-scape: Narratives of Nature and Culture in Vietnam 215 vii viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER SEVEN Museumification of Local Cultures: H\l Long Bay and H9i An 261 - CHAPTER EIGHT Creating the Drama of the Destination: Managing, Interpreting and Branding World Heritage Sites 275 ---CHAPTER NINE Preserving the Past: The Heritage-scape and Historic Preservation 301 CHAPTER TEN Problematics of Preservation: Narrative and Practice at the Angkor Archaeological Park 341 CHAPTER ELEVEN Raising Awareness, Re-Presenting the Heritage-scape: Fragmentary and Reproducible Re-Presentations 367 CONCLUSION The Future of the Heritage-scape 399 NOTES 431 BIBLIOGRAPHY 477 INDEX 50\ ABOUT THE AUTHOR 519 CHAPTER FOUR TOURISM: THE HERITAGE-SCAPE'S RITUAL INTERACTION There are many ways in which people physically interact with tangible places­ at least as many as there are variations of each. Yet as chapter 1 argued, the structural similarities between the touristic and heritage fields of production­ especiaHy both of their reliance on juxtaposition-renders tourism the optimal form of interaction in the heritage-scape. An understanding of tourism as a structured social form-one that can be empirically analyzed using traditional ethnographic theory and methodology, following Grabum's lead-can reveal the formative value of touristic interactions, and illuminate the underlying ways in which it shapes and constrains World Heritage sites' re-presentationality. Tourism is by definition a short-term, transitory escape from normal, qucr tidian interactions. No matter how active, frenetic or physically demanding a particular itinerary may be, tourism is always considered by the practitioner as a time of rest, a time to re-focus the eyes, shift concentration, and delve egoisti­ cally into the imagination while still interacting on some social and tangible level with a place. Unlike a local resident, the tourist interacts with place on a temporary and voluntary basis1 for the expressed purpose of slipping out of the daily obligations of the "ordinary workaday, mundane life, particular work, which includes the workplace, homework and housework," as Nelson Grabum writes. 2 This becomes particularly apropos when tourism is conceived express­ edly as a vacation, as one tourist remarked, "To me, a vacation is just to relax. Just put me by a lake, by the water, and just relax and do nothing." When pressed as to why she has to travel to a lake, instead of simply remaining at home to do nothing, the same tourist remarked, "Because at home I see all the work that needs to be done."3 Thus, tourism is always and consistently a choice-not an obligation-as most business (workplace), academic (home­ work) or local (housework) interactions necessitate, no matter how enjoyable or rewarding they may be during or after the fact. Being temporary and voluntary 145 146 CHAPTER FOUR also means that anyone can move freely in and out of this form of interaction with relative ease. Defining tourism primarily as a form of interaction with place, compre­ hended here in temporal rather than spatial tenns, affords the possibility of shift­ ing away from some of the analytical pitfalls that have plagued traditional tour­ ism researchers since Victor Turner defined pilgrims as "literally, persons who go through fields or countries (per, through; ager, field); they are wanderers, peregrinators, transients, strangers to their lands of passage.• .4 Some conceptual­ ize tourism as a system of movement, defined in relation to pilgrimage,5 but also to emigration, exile and even daily commuting. Undoubtedly occupied with the business of tourism, New Zealand's Ministry of Tourism, for example, provides an overly restrictive definition of a "tourist" that is contingent on this association with movement; they contend that a tourist is "anyone who spends at least one night away from home, no matter what the purpose.',i; Even the United Nations' approved definition of tourism centers on the notion of travel, although it does specify its temporary, leisure nature. It defines tourism as "the activity of per­ sons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not 7 more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or any other purpose." Indeed, when conceptualizing tourism in the minds of pop culture, notions of "jetlag" and "the jet set" often are associated, along with images of airplanes and locomotives, of cars, campers and cruise ships. Opposing ideals of what consti­ tutes an ultimate "tourist experience" also frequently center on motion and movement, or Jack thereof: is it better to trek the Outback climb Phnom Bak­ heng on elephant-back, or cruise through the Panama Canal~r is it better to lie motionless beneath a beating sun on a beach in an all-inclusive resort, served m?i tais by the natives, and soaking languidly in crisp emerald waters? Does one with the means to travel squander time off ftom work by sitting at home, rather than exploring some far away land? .By focusi?g on movement, as opposed to the narratively perceived temporal q_ualtty of the mteraction, the analysis may become mired in economic concerns, smce one must then struggle to qualify tourism based on one's capacity to move around, as well as the means by which a person can monetarily support such tra~el. Cl~s differentiation usually emerges in such analyses, followed by issues of mternatmnal ~nanc~, co~odification, and development. Dean MacCa~nell, regarded as a p1oneenng voice in the sociological study of tourism, apphes a ~mewhat heavy neo-~arxist analysis in The Tourist. Calling his own wor~ a 8 new 9theory of the leisure class" within the social framework of the working class, he sees today's form of tourism as a distinct element of the modern / post-modem "inter:1ational middle class" who "systematically scavenges the earth for new expenences to be woven into a collective touristic vision of other ' TOURISM: THE HERITAGE·SC APE'S RITUAL INTERACTION 147 peoples and other places."'° Renowned Africanist John Middleton prefaces a book on The World of the Swahili by launching into a diatribe against what he sees as rampant commodification of indigenous cultural resources by "culturally illiterate" tourists to illustrate his contention that ..tourism is the final form of colonialism."" Dutch anthropologist Jon Abbink, who quotes MacCannell and Middleton to illustrate many social scientists' "ambivalence" towards tourism, speaks matter-of-factly of this phenomenon as an "avant-garde of globalization" that "emanates largely from societies that are relatively powerful and wealthy" 12 -thereby underscoring economics as an a priori factor of any tourist encounter. Even Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, whose museological approach to tourism and heritage sites is presented quite even-handedly in her book Desti­ nation Culture,13 refers to tourism as "an export industry and one of the world's largest. Unlike other export industries, however, tourism does not export goods for consumption elsewhere. Rather, it imports visitors to consume goods and services locally."14 The linkage of tourism with consumption and economic commodification is further underscored by her choice of a cover image for her book: a man dressed in Mariachi garb, head covered as if a bandit or hostage, with a message scrawled on his chest: "Please don't discover me!"15 Considering its predominance in the contemporary global economy, as well as the multifaceted material outcomes it produces, it is true no practical dis­ course about tourism can avoid touching on its economic impact.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Directory of Family Building Directory of Family Building Services for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual And
    DIRECTORY OF FAMILY BUILDING SERVICES FOR LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL AND TRANSGENDER PEOPLE LLLesbianLesbian and G Gayayayay F Familyamily B Buildinguilding PPProjectProject Ferre Institute, IncInc.... 2020201020 101010----2020202011111111 Lesbian and Gay Family Building Project The Lesbian and Gay Family Building Project is dedicated to helping lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in upstate New York achieve their goals of building and sustaining healthy families. The project offers educational programs, information and referral services, The Directory of Family Building Services, and support groups for LGBT parents and prospective parents. Our network of Pride and Joy Families provides social and educational activities and a sense of community to LGBTQ parents and their children. The Lesbian and Gay Family Building Project was started in 2000 with a grant from New York State to Ferre Institute, Inc. Ferre is a 501(C)(3) organization that provides infertility education, family building resources and genetic counseling. Staff Members Claudia E. Stallman, Project Director Karen J. Armstrong, Health Educator Luba Djurdjinovic, Executive Director, Ferre Institute, Inc. Murray L. Nusbaum, MD, Medical Director, Ferre Institute, Inc. Cover Art by Ada Stallman © 2010 by Lesbian and Gay Family Building Project Ferre Institute, Inc. 124 Front Street, Binghamton, NY 13905 (607) 724-4308 (607) 724-8290 FAX [email protected] www.PrideAndJoyFamilies.org www.LGBTServicesDIrectory.com www.LGBTHealthInitiative.org 2 Lesbian and GaGayy Family Building Project Ferre Institute, Inc., 124 Front Street, Binghamton, NY 13905 Phone: 607.724.4308 Fax: 607.724.8290 Email: [email protected] Website: www.PrideAndJoyFamilies.org Dear Reader: The Lesbian and Gay Family Building Project, a program of the Ferre Institute, Inc., is pleased to provide the 2010-2011 edition of its Directory of Family Building Services for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) People .
    [Show full text]
  • Gay Marriage Party Ends For
    'At Last* On her way to Houston, pop diva Cyndi Lauper has a lot to say. Page 15 voicewww.houstonvoice.com APRIL 23, 2004 THIRTY YEARS OF NEWS FOR YOUR LIFE. AND YOUR STYLE. Gay political kingmaker set to leave Houston Martin's success as a consultant evident in city and state politics By CHRISTOPHER CURTIS Curtis Kiefer and partner Walter Frankel speak with reporters after a Houston’s gay and lesbian com­ circuit court judge heard arguments last week in a lawsuit filed by gay munity loses a powerful friend and couples and the ACLU charging that banning same-sex marriages is a ally on May 3, when Grant Martin, violation of the Oregon state Constitution. (Photo by Rick Bowmer/AP) who has managed the campaigns of Controller Annise Parker, Council member Ada Edwards, Texas Rep. Garnet Coleman and Sue Lovell, is moving to San Francisco. Back in 1996 it seemed the other Gay marriage way around: Martin had moved to Houston from San Francisco after ending a five-year relationship. Sue Lovell, the former President party ends of the Houston Gay and Lesbian Political Caucus (PAC), remembers first hearing of Martin through her friend, Roberta Achtenberg, the for­ mer Clinton secretary of Fair for now Housing and Equal Opportunity. “She called me and told me I have a dear friend who is moving back to Ore. judge shuts down weddings, Houston and I want you to take Political consultant Grant Martin, the man behind the campaigns of Controller Annise Parker, good care of him.” but orders licenses recognized Council member Ada Edwards, Texas Rep.
    [Show full text]
  • International LGBT Family Organizations Announce
    International LGBT Family Organizations Announce "International Family Equality Day” for 2012 Lesbian and gay family equality activists from around the world, hosted by R Family Vacations, met in Florida for a week of discussions in the first ever International Symposium of LGBT Family Organizations. The group of American, European and Canadian organizations decided on several cooperation initiatives, and the establishment of an "InternationalFamily Equality Day"to take place on May 6, 2012. New York, NY (PRWEB) July 29, 2011 -- The movement for equal treatment of LGBT-headed families took another significant step forward with the first ever International Symposium of LGBT Family Organizations which took place in Florida on July 9-16, 2011. The symposium was part of an effort to increase international cooperation among LGBT family organizations worldwide, led by Family Equality Council, America’s foremost advocate for LGBT families, the Network of European LGBT Families Associations (NELFA) and the Canadian LGBT Parenting Network based in Toronto. The symposium was hosted by the gay and lesbian family travel company R Family Vacations, as part of their week-long international vacation at Club Med Sandpiper resort in Florida. NELFA representatives from several European countries, along with Canadian representatives, joined Americans from Family Equality Council in hosting several workshops and a public panel about "LGBT Families Around the World." Facilitated by Jennifer Chrisler, executive director of Family Equality Council, the panel examined successes and challenges in the social and political realm across different cultures. Parents from around the world shared what it is like to be an LGBT family in their respective countries, including their experience at schools, places of worship, and when accessing government and medical services.
    [Show full text]
  • LGBT Parents and Their Children Prepared by Melanie L. Duncan M.A
    LGBT Parents and their Children Prepared by Melanie L. Duncan M.A. & Kristin E. Joos, Ph.D. University of Florida Distributed by the Sociologists for Women in Society September 2011 Introduction Recently, international groups that advocate on the behalf of LGBT families have declared May 6, 2012 to be International Family Equality Day1. While this day is meant to highlight to increasingly visibility of LGBT families it is also a celebration of the diverse forms that families can take on. This is just one of the many changes that have occurred since the first version of this document was publishes, in 2003. Over the course of the past eight years, six states and Washington D.C. have come to legally recognize same-sex marriages, the Defense of Marriage Act is no longer being enforced, Don‟t Ask Don‟t Tell was repealed, and same-sex couples can now adopt in a number of states, including Florida2. Traditionally, depictions of the family have often centered on the heteronormative nuclear family of mother, father, and child(ren). However, as time has gone on we have seen that family forms have become increasingly diverse and include: single parents, child-free couples, parents who adopt or are foster parents, multiracial couples and their children, stepfamilies, etc. Parents who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT), and their children are contributing to this societal shift that is broadening the traditional and idealized notion of family. The presence of LGBT families in media, courts, and research has grown over the last ten years. What may have been a previously labeled as the “gayby boom3” is now becoming a more commonly recognized by individuals and professionals means of forming a family.
    [Show full text]
  • Part 11 of America Planning, Booking & Preparing for Your Cruise
    06_58846x_ch01.qxd 8/23/05 11:59 PM Page 21 PASSPORT United States PartPart 11 of America Planning, Booking & Preparing for Your Cruise With advice on choosing and booking your ideal cruise and tips on getting ready for the cruise experience. 1 Choosing Your Ideal Cruise 2 Booking Your Cruise & Getting the Best Price 3 Things to Know Before You Go 4 The Cruise Experience COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL 06_58846x_ch01.qxd 8/23/05 11:59 PM Page 22 1 Choosing Your Ideal Cruise Forget the “overfed, newlywed, nearly B&Bs. There are also trips programmed dead” stereotype of cruising. That’s old with your needs and preferences in mind, school. Today, you can sail a floating whether you’re a senior, a traveling family, country club to little yachting islands in a swinging single, a wheelchair user, or a the Caribbean, bop around Hawaii in the swinging, wheelchair-using granddad. first new U.S.-flagged cruise ships in gen- There are also active adventure cruises, erations, take an expedition from Alaska cruises geared to fine food and wine, over to the Russian Far East, take the cruises with a cultural or historic bent, Queen Mary 2 across the pond to Eng- and, of course, the classic fun-in-the-sun land, sail among the reefs and indigenous relaxation escape. In this chapter, we’ll cultures of Central America, or explore introduce you to the lot of them. North America’s great rivers on floating 1 Homeland Cruise Regions in Brief Whether because of convenience or an aversion to flying (that is, the cost of flying or the fear of it), the idea of cruising from a port within driving distance has a lot of appeal for a lot of folks.
    [Show full text]
  • The Big Business of LGBT Travel
    The Big Business of LGBT Travel SKIFT REPORT #22 2014 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender travel has always existed, but recently main- stream companies have been tailoring cam- paigns to the demographic. As social and political views in the U.S. evolve and become more accepting of the LGBT community, we see businesses revamping their marketing models to become more inclusive as well. By Merryn Johns + Skift Staf This material is protected by copyright. Unauthorized redistribution, including email forwarding, is a violation of federal law. Single-use copy only. If you require multiple copies, contact us at WWW.SKIFT.COM [email protected]. Subscribe to the Skift Trends Report Get the twice-monthly Skift Trends Report for the latest intelligence on the travel industry. Each edition in our new series of reports will brief you on a specific trend, providing insight into the current state of the market, the context around the trend, and where the industry is heading in the near future. After you subscribe, you will receive 24 reports direct to your inbox for an entire year. Reports are delivered as a downloadable PDF. For any comments or questions, email us at [email protected]. For more information on past reports go to Skift.com/travel-trends. The Big Business of LGBT Travel SKIFT REPORT #22 2014 Executive summary Te lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) community has never been more visible or powerful than now. With the steady progress of LGBT rights coupled with global economic recovery, the LGBT consumer is highly desirable—a “dream market” as described by Te Wall Street Journal in 1988 — due to its high discretionary income, economic resilience, confidence, and brand loyalty.
    [Show full text]
  • Mariona Algueró Durany NEW LIFE STYLES, NEW BARRIERS to BREAK DOWN Rainbow Family Tourism, Service Description and Analysis
    Mariona Algueró Durany NEW LIFE STYLES, NEW BARRIERS TO BREAK DOWN Rainbow Family Tourism, Service Description and Analysis Thesis CENTRIA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree Programme in Tourism October 2012 ABSTRACT CENTRIA Date Author UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES October 2012 Mariona Algueró Durany Unit for Technology and Business, Kokkola-Pietarsaari Degree programme Tourism Name of thesis NEW LIFE STYLES, NEW BARRIERS TO BREAK DOWN Rainbow Family Tourism; Service Description and Analysis Instructor Pages 50+8 Supervisor Katarina Broman This thesis titled 'New life styles, new barriers to break down. Rainbow family tourism; service description and analysis', was written to offer the opportunity to get to know one of the latest services in the tourism industry, the rainbow family tourism or lesbian, gay, transgender and bisexual family tourism (LGTB family tourism). As the title says, the service has been described in detail, starting from basic concepts like tourism and family and continuing with the predecessor the LGTB tourism or gay tourism with an example from the United States of America, the pioneer on LGTB tourism. All the information was given to offer the knowledge on Rainbow family tourism and the sector where it is situated. Once the description was made the analysis of the service followed with the theoretical part, in this case the analysis of four tourism services targeted to mainstream families, and four tourism services targeted to LGTB families, and these were the base of the case study. The research methods used were text analysis, data visual analysis and comparative analysis. The case study gave the opportunity to see, from a practical view, the differences and similarities of an equal service targeted to different people.
    [Show full text]
  • Eye of the Storm
    See Story Florence Henderson: Mystery Writer Breaks See on pages Back Q3 & Q4 Kitten with a Whip? the Rules of ‘Whodunits’ Page Clark Vows Leadership on Gay, AIDS Issues January 19, 2004 Volume 5, Number 3 See story on page 12 Eye of the Storm Pulic Meeting Scheduled as Questions Swirl Around Gay Center Sale By Phil LaPadula A week earlier, Executive director Bill will probably not get any money from the Managing Editor Peters had announced that the public sale until September. As the controversy surrounding the sale meeting on the sale would not be held until Most of the criticism of the deal has of the gay community center in Fort March. “We’ve upped the date because centered on the board acting without Lauderdale intensified last week, the center’s there seems to be a swell of curiosity,” he informing, or receiving input, from the board of directors scheduled a public meeting explained. center’s members and the community at large. for Thursday, Jan. 22, at 6 p.m. to answer Meanwhile, the Broward County Critics have also questioned why the board questions and respond to criticism. Commission voted on Tuesday, Jan. 20, to didn’t do a national search for a developer or In response to an e-mail flyer sent out table a proposed $200,000 bailout grant for put the property on the multiple listing Photo by Pompano Bill by Doug White, an opponent of the sale, the center after they learned about the sale. service. Supporters of the deal say they had dozens of people packed the meeting room The commission had been expected to to act quickly to keep the center’s doors open.
    [Show full text]
  • The IGLTA Foundation Launches New Nonprofit Uses LGBT Travel to Assist Communities Globally
    Media Contact: LoAnn Halden +1.954.630.1637 [email protected] The IGLTA Foundation Launches New nonprofit uses LGBT travel to assist communities globally FORT LAUDERDLE, Fla. (16 October, 2012) — Since 1983, the International Gay & Lesbian Travel Association has provided networking support for gay and gay-friendly travel businesses around the world. With the launch of its nonprofit IGLTA Foundation, the organization now has a philanthropic arm that will use the power of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender travel to build bridges with communities globally. The IGLTA Foundation received a grant to focus on initiatives in four distinct areas: - a scholarship program to expand educational opportunities for students in LGBT tourism; - assistance for emerging LGBT destinations that may not yet have full government support, and companies in those emerging destinations that seek to welcome LGBT travelers; - meetings and conferences that explore the opportunities and challenges facing global LGBT travel, and advance other key issues impacted by global travel; and - creation of programming and outreach surrounding LGBT human rights. The IGLTA Foundation has its own volunteer board of directors that operates independently from the association board and is made up of veterans in travel, finance and philanthropy: Chair - Charlie Rounds, Mossier Foundation and Forward Motion Group; Vice Chair - Jody Cole, Wild Rainbow African Safaris; Treasurer - Brianna Murphy, Trillium Asset Management; Secretary – Jeff Guaracino, Atlantic City Alliance; and Directors – Gregg Kaminsky, R Family Vacations; Charles Lapointe, Tourisme Montreal; Todd Ney, Brendan Vacations; Rebecca Rittgers, Arcus Foundation; Steve Roth, OutThink Partners; John Tanzella, IGLTA; and Shannon Wentworth, Sweet. “Over the past 30 years the travel industry has played a pivotal role in advancing LGBT rights worldwide,” Rounds said.
    [Show full text]
  • Travel Motivations of Gay and Lesbian Tourists
    TRAVEL MOTIVATIONS OF GAY AND LESBIAN TOURISTS: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY by Reshma Muqtedar Khan A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Hospitality Information Management Spring 2013 Copyright 2013 Reshma Muqtedar Khan All Rights Reserved TRAVEL MOTIVATIONS OF GAY AND LESBIAN TOURISTS: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY by Reshma Khan Approved: ___________________________________________________________ Srikanth Beldona, Ph.D. Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the Advisory Committee Approved: ___________________________________________________________ Sheryl F. Kline, Ph.D. Chair of the Department of Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Management Approved: ____________________________________________________________ Bruce W. Weber, Ph.D. Dean of the Alfred Lerner College of Business and Economics Approved: ____________________________________________________________ James G. Richards, Ph.D. Vice Provost for Graduate and Professional Education ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. S. Beldona who continually encouraged me in this endeavor. I felt motivated and inspired after each of our meetings. The discussions were very thought- provoking and insightful. Without his guidance and unrelenting support this thesis would not have been possible. I would like to thank Prof. B. Miller for his suggestions and advice. His counsel for me to be conscientious about methodological issues made the research process a more rewarding learning experience. Dr H. Kher offered perspectives, which were unique and gave me more ideas for future research than I could possibly handle. I would also like to thank Ms. D. Laws for her kindness and ready smile. She was the ‘go-to guy’ for me. I would like to thank my husband most of all, for being indulgent and generous, and being a veritable pillar of strength and tolerating my tantrums with resilience and fortitude.
    [Show full text]
  • LGBT Transracial Adoption
    Michigan Journal of Gender & Law Volume 19 Issue 1 2012 Displaced Mothers, Absent and Unnatural Fathers: LGBT Transracial Adoption Kim H. Pearson Gonzaga University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjgl Part of the Family Law Commons, Juvenile Law Commons, Law and Gender Commons, Law and Race Commons, and the Sexuality and the Law Commons Recommended Citation Kim H. Pearson, Displaced Mothers, Absent and Unnatural Fathers: LGBT Transracial Adoption, 19 MICH. J. GENDER & L. 149 (2012). Available at: https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjgl/vol19/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Journal of Gender & Law by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DISPLACED MOTHERS, ABSENT AND UNNATURAL FATHERS: LGBT TRANSRACIAL ADOPTION fQr If Pearson* INTRODUCTION * 150 I. NON-NEUTRAL CLAIMS * 154 A. In rejN. 154 B. History of Claims and Fears . 158 1. Race-Based Claims . 161 2. Orientation Transmission Fears . 168 II. STAGING A COMPETITION 174 A. Brfino andABCNews . 175 B. Good Fathers - 179 C. Absent Versus Unnatural . 183 D. Patriarchy Versus Privilege . 190 III. COSTS OF STAGING A COMPETITION * 194 A. DisplacingMothers: Black Women, Abortion and Foster Care . 195 B. ObscuringParents: LGBTs of Color, Low Income, or Both . 199 C. Fixing Identities: Black Boys, White Gay Men, Black Fathers - 204 D. Acknowledging Adoptees: ProvidingMore Resourcesfor Adoptees . 207 CONCLUSION * 214 APPENDIXES 215 * Assistant Professor Gonzaga University School of Law.
    [Show full text]
  • Children of GLBTQ Parents by Geoffrey W
    Children of GLBTQ Parents by Geoffrey W. Bateman Encyclopedia Copyright © 2015, glbtq, Inc. Entry Copyright © 2007 glbtq, Inc. Reprinted from http://www.glbtq.com Despite over three decades of research that has repeatedly shown that children of glbtq parents are no different from their peers reared in heterosexual families, glbtq families and their advocates continue to feel the need to justify their family structures and find ways to support them in a world sometimes hostile to their identities. Recently, queerspawn themselves have added their own voices to the discourse. Gay and Lesbian Baby Boom Since the 1990s, same-sex parenting has exploded in the United States, Canada, and Two photographs from Family Portraits (2003) much of Western Europe, becoming increasingly visible and prompting scholars like by artist Amber Davis Suzanne Johnson and Elizabeth O'Connor to observe that the "gay and lesbian Tourelentes. Images community is experiencing a baby boom." courtesy of the artist's web site. The birth of children to glbtq celebrities such as Rosie O'Donnell, B. D. Wong, Dan Copyright © 2003 Amber Davis Tourelentes. Savage, and Melissa Etheridge has also helped make the gay and lesbian baby boom more visible in the mainstream media. Scholars estimate that six to fourteen million children in the United States have at least one gay or lesbian parent involved in raising them. Using data from the 2000 Census, Sean Cahill and Sarah Tobias have calculated that "34 percent of lesbian couples and 22 percent of gay male couples have at least one child under eighteen years of age living in their home." Although many children of same-sex couples were conceived in traditional heterosexual relationships, same-sex couples often decide to produce children themselves, utilizing such methods as adoption, artificial insemination, and surrogacy.
    [Show full text]