Décryptage Des Cascades De Signalisation Liées Au Stress Par Phosphoprotéomique Et Génétique Fonctionnelle Chez Botrytis Cinerea Jaafar Kilani

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Décryptage Des Cascades De Signalisation Liées Au Stress Par Phosphoprotéomique Et Génétique Fonctionnelle Chez Botrytis Cinerea Jaafar Kilani Décryptage des cascades de signalisation liées au stress par phosphoprotéomique et génétique fonctionnelle chez Botrytis cinerea Jaafar Kilani To cite this version: Jaafar Kilani. Décryptage des cascades de signalisation liées au stress par phosphoprotéomique et génétique fonctionnelle chez Botrytis cinerea. Biologie moléculaire. Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), 2018. Français. NNT : 2018SACLS050. tel-01865827 HAL Id: tel-01865827 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01865827 Submitted on 2 Sep 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NNT : 2018SACLS050 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY, préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N° 567 Sciences du Végétal : du Gène à l’Ecosystème Spécialité de doctorat : Biologie Par M. Jaafar KILANI Décryptage des cascades de signalisation liées au stress par phosphoprotéomique et génétique fonctionnelle chez Botrytis cinerea Thèse présentée et soutenue à Thiverval-Grignon, le 12 mars 2018 Composition du Jury : M. Di Pietro Antonio Pr. Université de Cordoue Rapporteur Mme Poussereau Nathalie MCF Université Lyon 1 Rapporteure M. Bonhomme Ludovic MCF Université Blaise Pascal Examinateur Mme Malagnac Fabienne Pr. Université Paris-Sud Présidente Mme Fillinger Sabine DR INRA (Versailles-Grignon) Directrice de thèse 2 Remerciements « La thèse ce n’est pas une sinécure ! ». A cela je répondrais : c’est pas faux ! Au cours de ces trois ans de thèses (mais quatre ans à BIOGER), il y a eu des hauts et des bas, mais surtout des hauts, qui sont passés à une vitesse folle. Et oui ces années à BIOGER avec les gens rencontrés au fil du temps ont été riche en émotions. Un Grand merci à Frau Sabine Fillinger, qui m’a fait suffisamment confiance pour me confier son projet de cœur. Sabine, ce projet m’a réellement passionné, comme tu as dû le constater à de nombreuses reprises, où tu devais calmer mon enthousiasme face à mon envie de tester de nouvelles choses malgré le manque de temps. Certes, j’ai des regrets de ne pas avoir pu pousser jusqu’au bout le sujet, mais j’ai pu apprendre de nombreuse chose : qu’un projet pouvait être récalcitrant, qu’il ne faut jamais crier victoire trop vite mais surtout j’ai pu apprendre que rien n’est jamais perdu et qu’il y a toujours moyen de retomber sur ses jambes. Je te remercie également pour ton encadrement et ta présence malgré ta casquette de co-directrice d’unité. Bien que parfois un peu rude à entendre ta franchise a tout de même du bon (promis je ferai tout pour « improve my english »). En gros voilà ! Je remercie également le reste de mon équipe, en particulier mon ancienne voisine de bureau, Jocelyne Bach, et le ptit nouveau (vieux) qui a pris sa place, Guillaume Fouchet, avec qui j’ai pu rire et parler de tout et n’importe quoi et qui parfois ont dû jouer le rôle de bureau des lamentations. Guillaume et Agathe je vous souhaite du courage pour vos thèses respectives. Et j’espère que vous allez apprécier, comme j’ai apprécié, ce p’tit séjour à BIOGER. Merci Danièle pour ta bonne humeur, qui fut une source de motivation en arrivant le matin. Je remercie Thierry Rouxel de m’avoir accueilli au sein de l’unité BIOGER. Grâce à toi je pensais à Star Wars au moins une fois par jour (chercher la référence dans l’épisode IV).. Je tiens également à remercier les membres de mon jury de thèse. Merci à Fabienne Malagnac et Ludovic Bonhomme d’avoir accepté d’être examinateurs et à Nathalie Poussereau et Antonio Di Pietro d’avoir accepté d’être les rapporteurs de cette thèse. J’en profite pour remercier à nouveau Fabienne, ainsi Sylvain Brun, Hervé Lalucque et bien entendu le grand manitou Philippe Silar, qui m’ont fait découvrir et apprécier le monde mystérieux des champignons et sans qui…bah je ne serais tout simplement pas là. On se sent tout de suite grandi lorsque nos enseignants deviennent nos confrères. Fabienne, Sylvain, Hervé, merci pour les bons 3 moments passé avec vous en Californie. Au plaisir de repartir avec vous à Asilomar. Et bien entendu ce qui se passe à Asilomar reste à Asilomar. Je remercie la plateforme de protéomique du Moulon (PAPPSO) et tout spécialement Michel Zivy et Marlène Davanture qui m’ont permis de me former à l’analyse protéomique et phosphoprotéomique. Malgré la demi-réussite (je préfère voir le verre à moitié plein) du phosphoprotéome, la gentillesse et la bienveillance de Michel et Marlène m’ont permis de relativiser. Bon par contre je suis désormais connu au Moulon comme le doctorant le plus malchanceux ayant passé leur porte. Ce n’est pas donné à tout le monde d’avoir des expériences de phosphoprotéomique qui ratent à cause d’un campement de gitans. Au moins ça fait des anecdotes à raconter. En parlant d’anecdotes, un grand merci à Orianne (Brigitte Bardot pour les intimes) pour la vitalité que tu as apporté au labo, les Kouign-amanns, les pauses café, etc et bien entendu aux petites histoires toujours très distrayante. Au final tu seras resté presque autant que moi à BIOGER. Merci à Claire-Line, Camille (Camille qui ?) et Jeremy pour avoir été de parfaits compagnons de road-trip (n’oublions pas notre superbe diner au Pacos Tacos !!!). Qui sait, on s’en refera peut-être un autre un de ces quatre. Promis vous aurez le droit à mes magnifiques photos de canyons une fois que je les aurais traitées. Merci également à Julie pour les bons p’tits moments passés ensemble. Je tiens également à remercier mes amis de la nuit. GwiGwi, c’était un plaisir de papoter de tout avec toi à des heures non réglementaire. Ah Anne-Lise si gentillesse était un nom propre ta photo l’illustrerait ! Bon, maintenant que tu as ton CDI (avant même d’avoir fini ta thèse soulignons-le) tu pourrais au moins faire l’effort de glander un petit peu, non mais oh ! Je remercie aussi les anciens doctorants Antoine et Jean-Felix. Jean-Felix qui a notamment permis au labo de passer au Southern Blot en sonde froide et qui m’a encadré lors de la réalisation du miens. Un très grand merci à l’équipe MSN-Bot vers qui je pouvais me tourner lorsque j’avais des petits soucis ou des interogations concernant Botrytis. Merci à toi Muriel pour ta gentillesse et ta bonne humeur, ainsi que de m’avoir fait découvrir les croisements chez Botrytis cinerea. Si si j’y crois encore pour mes croisements ! Mais en tout cas grâce à toi j’ai des photos de magnifiques apothécies. Un énorme merci à Adeline qui m’a aidé dans l’analyse de mes résultats de protéomique. Ton aide m’a été très utile, notamment grâce au génialissime Botportal qui m’a permis d’avoir accès à l’annotation fonctionnelle de ce cher Botrytis de façon simple et rapide. Merci aux différentes activités de groupe organisées au sein de l’unité. Un grand merci au meeting G.R.O.S, à son fondateur et aux participants où nous avons pu analyser plus en détail les propriétés organoleptiques de nombreux fromages (il y a toujours une histoire de champignons). Merci 4 également à l’atelier fimo pour le développement de mes qualités de sculpteurs. J’y repense à chaque fois que je contemple ma magnifique licorne. Je remercie l’ensemble des jeunes, ceux qui veulent se faire passer pour des jeunes et les moins jeunes, de l’unité. Les Guillaume (le nombre est variable en fonction des années mais ils ont tous été au top !), Alex, les JYohann, Lydie, Delphine, Baptiste, Christophe, Clémentine, Anaïs, Marie-Pierre,…la liste est trop longue. Je remercie également toutes les aides techniques de l’unité, Christian, Bruno, Martin, Isabelle qui m’ont parfois sauvé la vie. Je remercie également le service administratif de l’unité. Merci BIOGER ! En dehors du labo, je remercie bien évidemment mes amis de toujours. Une pensée à Alexandre, Camille, Sandy et Flo que j’ai un peu délaissé, surtout lors de la troisième année, mais qui ne m’en tiendront pas rigueur j’en suis sûr. Promis, « I’ll be back ! ». Un ENORME merci à toi ma Julia qui sait ce qu’est une thèse et qui j’en suis sûr aura moins de mal que moi lors de l’étape du manuscrit (oui oui ce n’est pas compliqué je sais). Merci d’avoir toujours été présente et de m’avoir si souvent proposé ton aide et boosté. J’espère pouvoir être là à mon tour quand tu auras besoin d’aides. Merci aussi de m’avoir fait découvrir les champignons, comestible cette fois ci (autres que les champignons de Paris). Je tiens enfin à remercier ma famille pour son soutien. Mon père et ma mère qui m’ont toujours poussé à aller aussi loin que je pouvais. Je les remercie d’avoir faits semblant de comprendre mon sujet de thèse quand je leur ai raconté que j’allais travailler trois ans sur ce sujet très fondamental. Je tiens également à remercier ma sœur et mon frère pour le sas de décompressions qu’ils m’ont offert.
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