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NIMBY to YIMBY: How to Win Votes by Building More Homes Part One: the Questions Less Asked
From NIMBY to YIMBY: How to win votes by building more homes Part one: the questions less asked Nicholas Boys Smith Kieran Toms © CREATEstreets in 2018 Printed by Copyprint UK Ltd. Contents Summary .......................................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 1 – is Britain worse than others at building enough homes? ....................................... 8 Chapter 2 – How British planning is so odd and why it matters ............................................. 30 Chapter 3 – Why are people NIMBYs? ................................................................................ 59 Chapter 4 – A case study: Creating Streets in Cornwall with consent ...................................... 77 Chapter 5 – where and how to break the circle: a menu of options ....................................... 104 Conclusion – building homes, winning votes...................................................................... 119 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................ 120 Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 121 The authors .................................................................................................................... 126 ‘Any citizen, who tries to defend their home and their neighbourhood from plans which would destroy the view, pollute the environment, overload the transport network, upset -
Development News Highlights MANHATTAN - MID-1ST QUARTER 2020 PLUS an OUTER BOROUGH SNAPSHOT Looking Ahead
Development News Highlights MANHATTAN - MID-1ST QUARTER 2020 PLUS AN OUTER BOROUGH SNAPSHOT Looking Ahead Climate Mobilization Act’s Local Law 97: The Next Steps In April 2019 New York City enacted what has been described as “representing some of the most ambitious climate legislation enacted by any large municipality in the world to date.” The centerpiece of the (9) bill Climate Mobilization Act signed by Mayor de Blasio on Earth Day is Local Law 97 (LL97) which will require buildings citywide that exceed 25,000 square feet to begin reducing carbon emissions relative to 2005 base year levels by 2024, with reductions of 40% by calendar year 2030, and 80% by calendar year 2050. A New York City Climate Advisory Board was reportedly appointed by the mayor in December as per the law; and its members represent “a broad cross-section of real estate, environmental and organizational expertise” according to reports. The board has been tasked with putting together a report “addressing all manner of questions around just how LL97 will work — ranging from how landlords should report emissions data to how the city should penalize owners for non-compliance to how it might structure an emission offset program.” Although the board’s recommendations to be outlined in a report and delivered to the mayor and speaker by the start of 2023 aren’t legally binding, they are “expected to be influential, especially given how many of the law’s finer points remain to be nailed down.” Some cited examples of the difficult issues to be addressed, which weren’t completely sorted out include: • How exactly building owners will be instructed to calculate and report their properties’ carbon emissions, for instance: – Accounting for tenant space that was unoccupied in a building during the year they were reporting, which is going to impact calculations and could, in this case, skew results and deliver an inaccurate representation of how the building is being used. -
Biology Distilled Minimize Boom-And-Bust Cycles of Species Outbreaks and Ecosystem Imbalances
COMMENT BOOKS & ARTS “Serengeti Rules”), which he shows are appli- cable both to the restoration of ecosystems and to the management of the biosphere. The same rule may carry different names in different biological contexts. The double- negative logic rule, for instance, enables a given gene product to feed back to slow down its own synthesis. In an ecosystem the same rule, known as top-down regulation, NHPA/PHOTOSHOT VINCE BURTON/ applies when the abundance of a predator (such as lynx) limits the rise in the popu- lation of prey (such as snowshoe hares). This is why, in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, the reintroduction of wolves has resulted in non-intuitive changes in hydrology and forest cover: wolves prey on elk, which disproportionately feed on streamside willows and tree seedlings. It is also why ecologists can continue to manage the Serengeti, and have been able to ‘rebuild’ a functioning ecosystem from scratch in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique. Carroll argues that the rules regulat- Interactions between predators and prey, such as lynxes and hares, can be modelled with biological rules. ing human bodily functions — which have improved medical care and driven drug dis- ECOLOGY covery — can be applied to ecosystems, to guide conservation and restoration, and to heal our ailing planet. His Serengeti Rules encapsulate the checks and balances that Biology distilled minimize boom-and-bust cycles of species outbreaks and ecosystem imbalances. Eco- Brian J. Enquist reflects on a blueprint to guide logical systems that are missing key regula- the recovery of life on Earth. tory players, such as predators, can collapse; if they are overtaken by organisms spread by human activities, such as the kudzu vine, a an biology become as predictive as the unification of biology ‘cancer-like’ growth of that species can result. -
Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator Of
INGI AGNARSSON PH.D. Howard Associate Professor of Natural History and Curator of Invertebrates, Department of Biology, University of Vermont, 109 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT 05405-0086 E-mail: [email protected]; Web: http://theridiidae.com/ and http://www.islandbiogeography.org/; Phone: (+1) 802-656-0460 CURRICULUM VITAE SUMMARY PhD: 2004. #Pubs: 138. G-Scholar-H: 42; i10: 103; citations: 6173. New species: 74. Grants: >$2,500,000. PERSONAL Born: Reykjavík, Iceland, 11 January 1971 Citizenship: Icelandic Languages: (speak/read) – Icelandic, English, Spanish; (read) – Danish; (basic) – German PREPARATION University of Akron, Akron, 2007-2008, Postdoctoral researcher. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 2005-2007, Postdoctoral researcher. George Washington University, Washington DC, 1998-2004, Ph.D. The University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 1992-1995, B.Sc. PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS University of Vermont, Burlington. 2016-present, Associate Professor. University of Vermont, Burlington, 2012-2016, Assistant Professor. University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, 2008-2012, Assistant Professor. National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, 2004-2007, 2010- present. Research Associate. Hubei University, Wuhan, China. Adjunct Professor. 2016-present. Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavík, 1995-1998. Researcher (Icelandic invertebrates). Institute of Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, 1993-1994. Research Assistant (rocky shore ecology). GRANTS Institute of Museum and Library Services (MA-30-19-0642-19), 2019-2021, co-PI ($222,010). Museums for America Award for infrastructure and staff salaries. National Geographic Society (WW-203R-17), 2017-2020, PI ($30,000). Caribbean Caves as biodiversity drivers and natural units for conservation. National Science Foundation (IOS-1656460), 2017-2021: one of four PIs (total award $903,385 thereof $128,259 to UVM). -
No Place Like Home: Defining HUD's Role in the Affordable Housing Crisis
adm_71-3_41554 Sheet No. 105 Side A 09/18/2019 13:09:53 ALR 71.3_SMUCKER_ME REVIEW.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 8/28/19 5:47 PM NO PLACE LIKE HOME: DEFINING HUD’S ROLE IN THE AFFORDABLE HOUSING CRISIS K. HEIDI SMUCKER* Introduction .............................................................................................. 634 I.HUD: An Agency or Writer of Federal Checks? ................................... 636 A. The Evolution of Rental Housing Assistance: What Worked and What Didn’t ............................................................................ 637 B. A Funnel for Federal Funding ................................................ 639 II.Houston (and San Francisco, D.C., and New York), We Have a Problem ....................................................................................................... 640 A. The Rise (and Potential Fall) of San Francisco’s Restrictive Zoning .................................................................................... 641 B. Washington D.C.: Negative Implications of Cookie-Cutter Development .......................................................................... 643 C. I Heart New York, But Not The Rent ................................... 646 III.Baby Steps, Tiny Victories, and Their Potential for Impact ............... 647 IV.Affirmatively Furthering Affordable Housing: A (Possible) Recipe for Success ........................................................................................... 651 A. Reviving an Obama-Era Ghost in the Name of Efficiency .... 652 B. A Bird in the Hand -
FROM FOSSILS, to STOCKS, to the STARS by BRUCE S
DECLINING VOLATILITY, A GENERAL PROPERTY OF DISPARATE SYSTEMS: FROM FOSSILS, TO STOCKS, TO THE STARS by BRUCE S. LIEBERMAN1 and ADRIAN L. MELOTT2 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute; e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Physics and Astronomy; e-mail: [email protected] University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, U.S.A. Abstract: There may be structural principles pertaining to the general behavior of systems that lead to similarities in a variety of different contexts. Classic examples include the descriptive power of fractals, the importance of surface area to volume constraints, the universality of entropy in systems, and mathematical rules of growth and form. Documenting such overarching principles may represent a rejoinder to the Neodarwinian synthesis that emphasizes adaptation and competition. Instead, these principles could indicate the importance of constraint and structure on form and evolution. Here we document a potential example of a phenomenon suggesting congruent behavior of very different systems. We focus on the notion that universally there has been a tendency for more volatile entities to disappear from systems such that the net volatility in these systems tends to decline. We specifically focus on origination and extinction rates in the marine animal fossil record, the performance of stocks in the stock market, and the characters of stars and stellar systems. We consider the evidence that each is experiencing declining volatility, and also consider the broader significance of this. Keywords: Macroevolution, origination rates, extinction rates, volatility, stock prices. 1 ONE of the key aspects of research in macroevolution is using the study of evolutionary patterns to extract information about the nature of the evolutionary process (Eldredge and Cracraft 1980; Vrba 1985). -
2017-2018 Bulletin & Course Catalog 2017-18
Bulletin & Course Catalog 2017-2018 BULLETIN & COURSE CATALOG 2017-18 The Mount Holyoke "Bulletin and Course Catalog" is published each year at the end of August. It provides a comprehensive description of the College's academic programs, summaries of key academic and administrative policies, and descriptions of some of the College's key offerings and attributes. Information in Mount Holyoke's "Bulletin and Course Catalog" was accurate as of its compilation in early summer. The College reserves the right to change its published regulations, requirements, offerings, procedures, and charges. For listings of classes offered in the current semester including their meeting times, booklists, and other section-specific details, consult the Search for Classes (https://wadv1.mtholyoke.edu/wadvg/mhc? TYPE=P&PID=ST-XWSTS12A). Critical Social Thought ..................................................................... 112 TABLE OF CONTENTS Culture, Health, and Science ............................................................ 120 Academic Calendar ...................................................................................... 4 Curricular Support Courses .............................................................. 121 About Mount Holyoke College .................................................................... 5 Dance ................................................................................................. 122 Undergraduate Learning Goals and Degree Requirements ....................... 7 Data Science .................................................................................... -
Biosemiotics and Biophysics — the Fundamental Approaches to the Study of Life
CHAPTER 7 BIOSEMIOTICS AND BIOPHYSICS — THE FUNDAMENTAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF LIFE KALEVI KULL Department of Semiotics, University of Tartu, Estonia Abstract: The importance, scope, and goals of semiotics can be compared to the ones of physics. These represent two principal ways of approaching the world scientifically. Physics is a study of quantities, whereas semiotics is a study of diversity. Physics is about natural laws, while semiotics is about code processes. Semiotic models can describe features that are beyond the reach of physical models due to the more restricted methodological requirements of the latter. The “measuring devices” of semiotics are alive — which is a sine qua non for the presence of meanings. Thus, the two principal ways to scientifically approach living systems are biophysics and biosemiotics. Accordingly, semiotic (including biosemiotic) systems can be studied both physically (e.g., using statistical methods) and semiotically (e.g., focusing on the uniqueness of the system). The principle of code plurality as a generalization of the code duality principle is formulated Physical or natural-scientific methodology sets certain limits to the acceptable ways of acquiring knowledge. The more alive the object of study, the more restrictive are these limits. Therefore, there exists the space for another methodology – the semiotic methodology that can study the qualitative diversity and meaningfulness of the world of life. THE DEVELOPMENT (OR SPECIATION) THAT HAS RESULTED IN BIOSEMIOTICS An analysis of the early development of the approach that is nowadays called biosemiotics shows that it has emerged from several trends and branches concerned with the study of life processes. -
Emily Hamilton. “The Politics of Redevelopment Planning in Tysons
Emily Hamilton. “The Politics of Redevelopment Planning in Tysons and Outcomes 10 Years Later.” Mercatus Working Paper, Mercatus Center at George Mason University, Arlington, VA, June 2020. Abstract Following the allocation of funds for a new line on the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority’s Metrorail system, the Board of Supervisors in Fairfax County, Virginia, undertook redevelopment planning for its Tysons area. The redevelopment plan was the first of its kind. The board adopted a comprehensive plan that established the objective of transforming Tysons from highway-oriented suburban office park development into a walkable, mixed-use area. The redevelopment effort has received extensive attention for its goal to turn a highly car-oriented area into walkable, transit-oriented development. But what is perhaps more notable about the Tysons redevelopment planning effort is its objective to allow extensive multifamily housing construction in a wealthy suburban community. So far, more progress has been made toward the goal of housing construction than walkability. JEL codes: R520, R310, R380 Keywords: Tysons, zoning, redevelopment planning, home building, housing, walkability, transit-oriented development Author Affiliation and Contact Information Emily Hamilton Research Fellow, Mercatus Center at George Mason University [email protected] Acknowledgments I thank Isaac LaGrand, Robert Orr, and Ann Miller for research assistance on this project. All remaining errors are my own. © 2020 by Emily Hamilton and the Mercatus Center at George Mason University This paper can be accessed at http://www.mercatus.org/publications/urban-economics /politics-redevelopment-planning-tysons-outcomes-10-years-later The Politics of Redevelopment Planning in Tysons and Outcomes 10 Years Later Emily Hamilton 1. -
Building a Better Normal: Our Focus
Building a Better NormalAUGUST 2020 Content LETTER FROM THE MAYOR OF SAN JOSÉ pg. 03 LETTER FROM THE SVRR CO-CHAIRS pg. 04 INTRODUCTION pg. 06 FOCUS AREA 1 How do we reopen safely and productively with minimal risk? pg. 19 FOCUS AREA 2 How do we make the recovery inclusive for our community’s most vulnerable members? pg. 24 FOCUS AREA 3 How do we enable businesses to survive and thrive? pg. 36 FOCUS AREA 4 How do we innovate to build the foundation of a better normal? pg. 46 NEXT STEPS pg. 59 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS pg. 61 APPENDIX pg. 63 Letter from the Mayor of San José The Silicon Valley Recovery Roundtable started with ambitious but critical goals: develop policy recommendations and practical strategies to help get families back to work, provide support for small businesses, and ensure our most vulnerable residents are able to fully participate in our recovery. As we gathered a cross-sector team from our three-county region, we soon realized we had an even bigger challenge to tackle: ensuring that we would return to a “better normal,” with a more equitable and sustainable economy. Our better normal features more equitable housing opportunities, more commute alternatives to our gridlocked freeways, and ubiquitous access to digital learning, harnessing the incredible innovation for which our valley is known. Over 100 days, our 59 roundtable members opened their calendars, perfected their remote meeting skills, debated the merits of different ideas, and multiplied our participants through their community networks. Our co-chairs—Carl Guardino, Lisa Su, Nicole Taylor, Sam Liccardo Bob Alvarado, and Chuck Robbins—provided keen Mayor, City of San José strategic guidance and challenged us to formulate bold recommendations that are also actionable. -
Asymmetric Ecological Conditions Favor Red-Queen Type of Continued Evolution Over Stasis
Asymmetric ecological conditions favor Red-Queen type of continued evolution over stasis Jan Martin Nordbottena,b and Nils C. Stensethc,1 aDepartment of Mathematics, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; bDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; and cCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway Contributed by Nils C. Stenseth, December 23, 2015 (sent for review December 11, 2015; reviewed by Eörs Szathmáry and Richard A. Watson) Four decades ago, Leigh Van Valen presented the Red Queen’s hypoth- evolutionary biologists, he asked: “How many think evolution will esis to account for evolution of species within a multispecies ecological cease if all abiotic perturbations cease?”. The audience was split community [Van Valen L (1973) Evol Theory 1(1):1–30]. The overall into two fairly equal parts (see ref. 12, a paper which essentially conclusion of Van Valen’s analysis was that evolution would continue contains his talk). Our aim is to address this unsolved issue by even in the absence of abiotic perturbations. Stenseth and Maynard analyzing a general eco-evolutionary model of a multispecies Smith presented in 1984 [Stenseth NC, Maynard Smith J (1984) ecosystem containing all types of ecological interactions (i.e., Evolution 38(4):870–880] a model for the Red Queen’s hypothe- competitive interactions, trophic interactions, etc.), thereby bringing sis showing that both Red-Queen type of continuous evolution and ecological and evolutionary dynamics together in a common model stasis could result from a model with biotically driven evolution. -
Bay Area Council Amicus Brief in Support Of
I HANSON BRIDGETT LLP KzuSTINA D. LAWSON (SBN 221131) 2 cHzuSToPHER A. RHEINHEIMER (SBN 2s3890) coLE A. BENBOW (SBN 31 1 I 18) Ja 425 Market Street, 26th Floor San Francisco, California 94105 4 Telephone: (415)777-3200 Facsimile: (415) 541-9366 5 Attorneys for Amicus Curiae BAY AREA 6 COLTNCIL, ET AL. (see List of Amicus Curiae) 7 IN THE SUPERIOR COURT FOR THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA 8 IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA 9 10 FRIENDS OF BETTER CUPERTINO, Case No.: 18CV330190 ' 11 KITTY MOORE, IGNATIUS DING, ANd PEGGY GRIFFIN, BAY AREA COUNCIL, ET AL.'S NOTICE 12 OF APPLICATION AND APPLICATION Petitioners, FOR LEAVE TO FILE AMICUS BRIEF 13 IN SUPPORT OF REAL PARTY IN v INTEREST; BRIEF OF AMICUS CURIAE t4 CITY OF CUPERTINO, GRACE SCHMIDT, [Filed concurrently with the Declaration of 15 and DOES 1-20 inclusive, Christopher A., Rheinheimer.l r6 Respondents Date: October 4,2019 Time: 9:00 a.m. I7 Courtroom: 10 Judge: Hon. Helen E. Williams 18 Action filed: June 25,2018 19 20 VALLCO PROPERTY OWNER LLC, and DOES 1-20-inclusive, 21 Real PartY in Interest. 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Case No.; 18CV330190 PARTY IN INTEREST I 5563419.14 BAY AREA COUNCiL, ET AL.'S AMICUS BRIEF IN SUPPORT OF REAL I LIST OF AMICUS CURIAE 2 1. Bay Area Council J 2. Bay Area Housing Action Commission 4 J. First Community Housing 5 4. Habitat for Humanity 6 5. Housing Leadership Council San Mateo County 7 6. Housing Trust Silicon ValleY 8 7 Joint Venture Silicon Valley 9 8.