"Reassessment of the Aetosaur "Desmatosuchus" Chamaensis With
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Ischigualasto Formation. the Second Is a Sile- Diversity Or Abundance, but This Result Was Based on Only 19 of Saurid, Ignotosaurus Fragilis (Fig
This article was downloaded by: [University of Chicago Library] On: 10 October 2013, At: 10:52 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ujvp20 Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation Ricardo N. Martínez a , Cecilia Apaldetti a b , Oscar A. Alcober a , Carina E. Colombi a b , Paul C. Sereno c , Eliana Fernandez a b , Paula Santi Malnis a b , Gustavo A. Correa a b & Diego Abelin a a Instituto y Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan , España 400 (norte), San Juan , Argentina , CP5400 b Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , Buenos Aires , Argentina c Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, and Committee on Evolutionary Biology , University of Chicago , 1027 East 57th Street, Chicago , Illinois , 60637 , U.S.A. Published online: 08 Oct 2013. To cite this article: Ricardo N. Martínez , Cecilia Apaldetti , Oscar A. Alcober , Carina E. Colombi , Paul C. Sereno , Eliana Fernandez , Paula Santi Malnis , Gustavo A. Correa & Diego Abelin (2012) Vertebrate succession in the Ischigualasto Formation, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 32:sup1, 10-30, DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2013.818546 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2013.818546 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. -
8. Archosaur Phylogeny and the Relationships of the Crocodylia
8. Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia MICHAEL J. BENTON Department of Geology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK JAMES M. CLARK* Department of Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Abstract The Archosauria include the living crocodilians and birds, as well as the fossil dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and basal 'thecodontians'. Cladograms of the basal archosaurs and of the crocodylomorphs are given in this paper. There are three primitive archosaur groups, the Proterosuchidae, the Erythrosuchidae, and the Proterochampsidae, which fall outside the crown-group (crocodilian line plus bird line), and these have been defined as plesions to a restricted Archosauria by Gauthier. The Early Triassic Euparkeria may also fall outside this crown-group, or it may lie on the bird line. The crown-group of archosaurs divides into the Ornithosuchia (the 'bird line': Orn- ithosuchidae, Lagosuchidae, Pterosauria, Dinosauria) and the Croco- dylotarsi nov. (the 'crocodilian line': Phytosauridae, Crocodylo- morpha, Stagonolepididae, Rauisuchidae, and Poposauridae). The latter three families may form a clade (Pseudosuchia s.str.), or the Poposauridae may pair off with Crocodylomorpha. The Crocodylomorpha includes all crocodilians, as well as crocodi- lian-like Triassic and Jurassic terrestrial forms. The Crocodyliformes include the traditional 'Protosuchia', 'Mesosuchia', and Eusuchia, and they are defined by a large number of synapomorphies, particularly of the braincase and occipital regions. The 'protosuchians' (mainly Early *Present address: Department of Zoology, Storer Hall, University of California, Davis, Cali- fornia, USA. The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods, Volume 1: Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds (ed. M.J. Benton), Systematics Association Special Volume 35A . pp. 295-338. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1988. -
Late Triassic) Adrian P
New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/56 Definition and correlation of the Lamyan: A new biochronological unit for the nonmarine Late Carnian (Late Triassic) Adrian P. Hunt, Spencer G. Lucas, and Andrew B. Heckert, 2005, pp. 357-366 in: Geology of the Chama Basin, Lucas, Spencer G.; Zeigler, Kate E.; Lueth, Virgil W.; Owen, Donald E.; [eds.], New Mexico Geological Society 56th Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, 456 p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 2005 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. Free Downloads NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks. -
Parker's (2003) Thesis
CHAPTER 8 TAXONOMY OF THE STAGONOLEPIDIDAE SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY ARCHOSAURIA Cope, 1869 PSEUDOSUCHIA Zittel 1887-1890 sensu Gauthier, 1986 SUCHIA Krebs, 1974 STAGONOLEPIDIDAE Lydekker, 1887 Revised diagnosis -- Pseudosuchians that possess the following synapomorphies: premaxilla that is edentulous anteriorly and upturned into a mediolaterally expanded “shovel” at its terminus; external nares much longer than antorbital fenestra; supratemporal fenestra laterally exposed; small peg-like teeth possessing bulbous crowns that are waisted; posterior ramus of jugal downturned; mandible is “slipper-shaped” with an acute anterior terminus; dentary is edentulous anteriorly; posterior margin of parietal modified to receive paramedian scutes; proximal humerus greatly expanded with hypertrophied deltopectoral crest; femur, straight, not twisted, with a hypertrophied, knob-like fourth trochanter; laterally expanded transverse processes in the dorsal series that contain both rib facets; well-developed accessory (hyposphene-hypantrum) articulations on the dorsal vertebrae; iliac blade high, thickened dorsally; anterior iliac blade, short, robust, and slightly recurved ventrally; an extensive carapace of rectangular (wider than long) osteoderms occurring in four distinct rows; and extensive ventral and appendicular armor (Parrish, 1994; Long and Murry, 1995; Heckert and Lucas, 2000; Small, 2002). The synonymy lists in this chapter are modified from Heckert and Lucas (2000). STAGONOLEPININAE Heckert and Lucas, 2000 Huene (1942) originally used the name “Stagonolepinae” as a subfamily for Stagonolepis. Heckert and Lucas (2000) modified this to Stagonolepininae and defined it cladistically. Stagonolepininae is defined as a stem-based taxon by Heckert and Lucas (2000:1551) consisting of all stagonolepididids “more closely related to Stagonolepis than the last common ancestor of Stagonolepis and Desmatosuchus.” Stagonolepininae consists of Coahomasuchus + Aetosaurus + Stagonolepis + Typothoraxinae. -
A Revision of the Upper Triassic Ornithischian Dinosaur Revueltosaurus, with a Description of a New Species
Heckert, A.B" and Lucas, S.O., eds., 2002, Upper Triassic Stratigraphy and Paleontology. New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science Bulletin No.2 J. 253 A REVISION OF THE UPPER TRIASSIC ORNITHISCHIAN DINOSAUR REVUELTOSAURUS, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES ANDREW B. HECKERT New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Road NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375 Abstract-Ornithischian dinosaur body fossils are extremely rare in Triassic rocks worldwide, and to date the majority of such fossils consist of isolated teeth. Revueltosaurus is the most common Upper Triassic ornithischian dinosaur and is known from Chinle Group strata in New Mexico and Arizona. Historically, all large (>1 cm tall) and many small ornithischian dinosaur teeth from the Chinle have been referred to the type species, Revueltosaurus callenderi Hunt. A careful re-examination of the type and referred material of Revueltosaurus callenderi reveals that: (1) R. callenderi is a valid taxon, in spite of cladistic arguments to the contrary; (2) many teeth previously referred to R. callenderi, particularly from the Placerias quarry, instead represent other, more basal, ornithischians; and (3) teeth from the vicinity of St. Johns, Arizona, and Lamy, New Mexico previously referred to R. callenderi pertain to a new spe cies, named Revueltosaurus hunti here. R. hunti is more derived than R. callenderi and is one of the most derived Triassic ornithischians. However, detailed biostratigraphy indicates that R. hunti is older (Adamanian: latest Carnian) than R. callenderi (Revueltian: early-mid Norian). Both taxa have great potential as index taxa of their respective faunachrons and support existing biochronologies based on other tetrapods, megafossil plants, palynostratigraphy, and lithostratigraphy. -
01 Oliveira & Pinheiro RBP V20 N2 COR.Indd
Rev. bras. paleontol. 20(2):155-162, Maio/Agosto 2017 © 2017 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia doi: 10.4072/rbp.2017.2.01 ISOLATED ARCHOSAURIFORM TEETH FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC CANDELÁRIA SEQUENCE (HYPERODAPEDON ASSEMBLAGE ZONE, SOUTHERN BRAZIL) TIANE MACEDO DE OLIVEIRA & FELIPE L. PINHEIRO Laboratório de Paleobiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, R. Aluízio Barros Macedo, BR 290, km 423, 97300-000, São Gabriel, RS, Brazil. [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT – We describe isolated teeth found in the locality “Sítio Piveta” (Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone, Candelaria Sequence, Upper Triassic of the Paraná Basin). The material consists of five specimens, here classified into three different morphotypes. The morphotype I is characterized by pronounced elongation, rounded base and symmetry between lingual and labial surfaces. The morphotype II presents serrated mesial and distal edges, mesial denticles decreasing in size toward the base, distal denticles present until the base and asymmetry, with a flat lingual side and rounded labial side. The morphotype III, although similar to morphotype II, has a greater inclination of the posterior carinae. The conservative dental morphology in Archosauriformes makes difficult an accurate taxonomic assignment based only on isolated teeth. However, the specimens we present are attributable to “Rauisuchia” (morphotype II and III) and, possibly, Phytosauria (morphotype I). The putative presence of a phytosaur in the Carnian Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone would have impact in the South American distribution of the group. The taxonomic assignments proposed herein contribute to the faunal composition of the Hyperodapedon Assemblage Zone, a critical unit on the study of the Upper Triassic radiation of archosaurs. -
On the Presence of the Subnarial Foramen in Prestosuchus Chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) with Remarks on Its Phylogenetic Distribution
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2016) (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150456 www.scielo.br/aabc On the presence of the subnarial foramen in Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Pseudosuchia: Loricata) with remarks on its phylogenetic distribution LÚCIO ROBERTO-DA-SILVA1,2, MARCO A.G. FRANÇA3, SÉRGIO F. CABREIRA3, RODRIGO T. MÜLLER1 and SÉRGIO DIAS-DA-SILVA4 ¹Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Bairro Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brasil ²Laboratório de Paleontologia, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Bairro São José, 92425-900 Canoas, RS, Brasil ³Laboratório de Paleontologia e Evolução de Petrolina, Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407, Km12, Lote 543, 56300-000 Petrolina, PE, Brasil 4Centro de Apoio à Pesquisa da Quarta Colônia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Maximiliano Vizzotto, 598, 97230-000 São João do Polêsine, RS, Brasil Manuscript received on July 1, 2015; accepted for publication on April 15, 2016 ABSTRACT Many authors have discussed the subnarial foramen in Archosauriformes. Here presence among Archosauriformes, shape, and position of this structure is reported and its phylogenetic importance is investigated. Based on distribution and the phylogenetic tree, it probably arose independently in Erythrosuchus, Herrerasaurus, and Paracrocodylomorpha. In Paracrocodylomorpha the subnarial foramen is oval-shaped, placed in the middle height of the main body of the maxilla, and does not reach the height of ascending process. In basal loricatans from South America (Prestosuchus chiniquensis and Saurosuchus galilei) the subnarial foramen is ‘drop-like’ shaped, the subnarial foramen is located above the middle height of the main body of the maxilla, reaching the height of ascending process, a condition also present in Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis. -
And Early Jurassic Sediments, and Patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic
and Early Jurassic sediments, and patterns of the Triassic-Jurassic PAUL E. OLSEN AND tetrapod transition HANS-DIETER SUES Introduction parent answer was that the supposed mass extinc- The Late Triassic-Early Jurassic boundary is fre- tions in the tetrapod record were largely an artifact quently cited as one of the thirteen or so episodes of incorrect or questionable biostratigraphic corre- of major extinctions that punctuate Phanerozoic his- lations. On reexamining the problem, we have come tory (Colbert 1958; Newell 1967; Hallam 1981; Raup to realize that the kinds of patterns revealed by look- and Sepkoski 1982, 1984). These times of apparent ing at the change in taxonomic composition through decimation stand out as one class of the great events time also profoundly depend on the taxonomic levels in the history of life. and the sampling intervals examined. We address Renewed interest in the pattern of mass ex- those problems in this chapter. We have now found tinctions through time has stimulated novel and com- that there does indeed appear to be some sort of prehensive attempts to relate these patterns to other extinction event, but it cannot be examined at the terrestrial and extraterrestrial phenomena (see usual coarse levels of resolution. It requires new fine- Chapter 24). The Triassic-Jurassic boundary takes scaled documentation of specific faunal and floral on special significance in this light. First, the faunal transitions. transitions have been cited as even greater in mag- Stratigraphic correlation of geographically dis- nitude than those of the Cretaceous or the Permian junct rocks and assemblages predetermines our per- (Colbert 1958; Hallam 1981; see also Chapter 24). -
The Osteoderm Microstructure in Doswelliids and Proterochampsids and Its Implications for Palaeobiology of Stem Archosaurs
The osteoderm microstructure in doswelliids and proterochampsids and its implications for palaeobiology of stem archosaurs DENIS A. PONCE, IGNACIO A. CERDA, JULIA B. DESOJO, and STERLING J. NESBITT Ponce, D.A., Cerda, I.A., Desojo, J.B., and Nesbitt, S.J. 2017. The osteoderm microstructure in doswelliids and proter- ochampsids and its implications for palaeobiology of stem archosaurs. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (4): 819–831. Osteoderms are common in most archosauriform lineages, including basal forms, such as doswelliids and proterochamp- sids. In this survey, osteoderms of the doswelliids Doswellia kaltenbachi and Vancleavea campi, and proterochampsid Chanaresuchus bonapartei are examined to infer their palaeobiology, such as histogenesis, age estimation at death, development of external sculpturing, and palaeoecology. Doswelliid osteoderms have a trilaminar structure: two corti- ces of compact bone (external and basal) that enclose an internal core of cancellous bone. In contrast, Chanaresuchus bonapartei osteoderms are composed of entirely compact bone. The external ornamentation of Doswellia kaltenbachi is primarily formed and maintained by preferential bone growth. Conversely, a complex pattern of resorption and redepo- sition process is inferred in Archeopelta arborensis and Tarjadia ruthae. Vancleavea campi exhibits the highest degree of variation among doswelliids in its histogenesis (metaplasia), density and arrangement of vascularization and lack of sculpturing. The relatively high degree of compactness in the osteoderms of all the examined taxa is congruent with an aquatic or semi-aquatic lifestyle. In general, the osteoderm histology of doswelliids more closely resembles that of phytosaurs and pseudosuchians than that of proterochampsids. Key words: Archosauria, Doswelliidae, Protero champ sidae, palaeoecology, microanatomy, histology, Triassic, USA. -
New Insights on Prestosuchus Chiniquensis Huene
New insights on Prestosuchus chiniquensis Huene, 1942 (Pseudosuchia, Loricata) based on new specimens from the “Tree Sanga” Outcrop, Chiniqua´ Region, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Marcel B. Lacerda1, Bianca M. Mastrantonio1, Daniel C. Fortier2 and Cesar L. Schultz1 1 Instituto de Geocieˆncias, Laborato´rio de Paleovertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul–UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil 2 CHNUFPI, Campus Amı´lcar Ferreira Sobral, Universidade Federal do Piauı´, Floriano, Piauı´, Brazil ABSTRACT The ‘rauisuchians’ are a group of Triassic pseudosuchian archosaurs that displayed a near global distribution. Their problematic taxonomic resolution comes from the fact that most taxa are represented only by a few and/or mostly incomplete specimens. In the last few decades, renewed interest in early archosaur evolution has helped to clarify some of these problems, but further studies on the taxonomic and paleobiological aspects are still needed. In the present work, we describe new material attributed to the ‘rauisuchian’ taxon Prestosuchus chiniquensis, of the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone, Middle Triassic (Ladinian) of the Santa Maria Supersequence of southern Brazil, based on a comparative osteologic analysis. Additionally, we present well supported evidence that these represent juvenile forms, due to differences in osteological features (i.e., a subnarial fenestra) that when compared to previously described specimens can be attributed to ontogeny and indicate variation within a single taxon of a problematic but important -
Petrified Forest U.S
National Park Service Petrified Forest U.S. Department of the Interior Petrified Forest National Park Petrified Forest, Arizona Triassic Dinosaurs and Other Animals Fossils are clues to the past, allowing researchers to reconstruct ancient environments. During the Late Triassic, the climate was very different from that of today. Located near the equator, this region was humid and tropical, the landscape dominated by a huge river system. Giant reptiles and amphibians, early dinosaurs, fish, and many invertebrates lived among the dense vegetation and in the winding waterways. New fossils come to light as paleontologists continue to study the Triassic treasure trove of Petrified Forest National Park. Invertebrates Scattered throughout the sedimentary species forming vast colonies in the layers of the Chinle Formation are fossils muddy beds of the ancient lakes and of many types of invertebrates. Trace rivers. Antediplodon thomasi is one of the fossils include insect nests, termite clam fossils found in the park. galleries, and beetle borings in the petrified logs. Thin slabs of shale have preserved Horseshoe crabs more delicate animals such as shrimp, Horseshoe crabs have been identified by crayfish, and insects, including the wing of their fossilized tracks (Kouphichnium a cockroach! arizonae), originally left in the soft sediments at the bottom of fresh water Clams lakes and streams. These invertebrates Various freshwater bivalves have been probably ate worms, soft mollusks, plants, found in the Chinle Formation, some and dead fish. Freshwater Fish The freshwater streams and rivers of the (pictured). This large lobe-finned fish Triassic landscape were home to numerous could reach up to 5 feet (1.5 m) long and species of fish. -
Aetosaurs (Archosauria: Stagonolepididae) from the Upper Triassic (Revueltian) Snyder Quarry, New Mexico
Zeigler, K.E., Heckert, A.B., and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2003, Paleontology and Geology of the Snyder Quarry, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 24. 115 AETOSAURS (ARCHOSAURIA: STAGONOLEPIDIDAE) FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC (REVUELTIAN) SNYDER QUARRY, NEW MEXICO ANDREW B. HECKERT, KATE E. ZEIGLER and SPENCER G. LUCAS New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Road NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375 Abstract—Two species of aetosaurs are known from the Snyder quarry (NMMNH locality 3845): Typothorax coccinarum Cope and Desmatosuchus chamaensis Zeigler, Heckert, and Lucas. Both are represented entirely by postcrania, principally osteoderms (scutes), but also by isolated limb bones. Aetosaur fossils at the Snyder quarry are, like most of the vertebrates found there, not articulated. However, clusters of scutes, presumably each from a single carapace, are associated. Typothorax coccinarum is an index fossil of the Revueltian land- vertebrate faunachron (lvf) and its presence was expected at the Snyder quarry, as it is known from correlative strata throughout the Chama basin locally and the southwestern U.S.A. regionally. The Snyder quarry is the type locality of D. chamaensis, which is considerably less common than T. coccinarum, and presently known from only one other locality. Some specimens we tentatively assign to D. chamaensis resemble lateral scutes of Paratypothorax, but we have not found any paramedian scutes of Paratypothorax at the Snyder quarry, so we refrain from identifying them as Paratypothorax. Specimens of both Typothorax and Desmatosuchus from the Snyder quarry yield insight into the anatomy of these taxa. Desmatosuchus chamaensis is clearly a species of Desmatosuchus, but is also one of the most distinctive aetosaurs known.