The IAS Gazette a House Journal of APTI PLUS OCTOBER 2020 APTI PLUS Academy for Civil Services Pvt
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The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS OCTOBER 2020 APTI PLUS Academy For Civil Services Pvt. Ltd. Eastern India’s Best IAS Academy since 2006 TH EDITION An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute 29 Creating Civil Servants for the Nation BLUE FLAG BEACHES BEAMS WORLD’S INDIA-JAPAN LARGEST SOLAR RELATIONS TREE OCTOBER 2020 The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS Sources The Hindu | The Indian Express CONTENTS Live mint | The Economic Times PIB | PRS | ET Government & World Reports GS-I 1-8 (NITI Aayog, Budget, WEF Economic Survey etc.) HARIJAN SEVAK SANGH FOUNDATION DAY 1 Hindu Business Line | NCERTs HERITAGE TOURISM POLICY 2 All standard reference books RENATI CHOLA ERA INSCRIPTION 2 HEAD OFFICE & KOLKATA CAMPUS HAMPI 3 Office no. 803, “AMP Mall Vaisaakkhi” DHRUPAD 4 8th floor, Salt Lake Sector – II, PATRIKA GATE 4 Salt Lake City - AG 112, Kolkata-700091 ROGAN ART 5 Ph: +91-8820341777 PUNNAPRA-VAYALAR UPRISING 6 BHUBANESHWAR CAMPUS PROMOTION OF BUDDHIST SITES 7 Plot No. 2280, Biju Pattanaik KAKATIYA DYNASTY 8 College Road,Jaydev Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751013 GS-II 9-38 Phone: 099383 86166 QUESTION HOUR 9 ELGIN ROAD TWO YEARS FIXED TENURE FOR HOUSE COMMITTEES 10 Elgin Chambers, 3rd Floor, Room No. 302, DY. SPEAKER 10 1A, Ashutosh Mukherjee Road, Kolkata-20 CRIMINALISATION OF POLITICS 11 mail: [email protected], LAW PANEL ON VIRTUAL COURTS 12 Ph: (033)-40645777, +91-8100765577 TIMELINE FOR CANDIDATES 13 SINGAPORE CONVENTION ON MEDIATION 14 E-mail [email protected] EMENY PROPERTIES 15 [email protected] OFFICE OF PROFIT 15 Website: http://www.aptiplus.in NCISM BILL, 2020 16 MISSION KARMAYOGI 17 ANNUAL NCRB REPORT 2019 18 FCRA 19 SAME-SEX UNIONS 20 LABOR CODES 21 LANGUAGE OF THE LAW 23 ASPIRATIONAL DISTRICT PROGRAMME 24 ISSUE OF BEGGARY 25 INDO-PACIFIC CLUB 26 FIVE POINT PLAN TO DE-ESCALATE LAC STAND-OFF 26 INDIA-BANGLADESH INLAND WATERWAYS 27 Arise, awake and stop not till the goal is reached. - Swami Vivekananda OCTOBER 2020 The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS CONTENTS GS-II 9-38 GS-IV 82-83 SUPPLY CHAINS RESILIENCE 28 CODE OF ETHICS FOR NEWS CHANNELS INDIA-JAPAN RELATIONS 29 SHORT NEWS ARTICLES 84-116 THE 13TH AMENDMENT (SRI LANKA) 33 INDUS WATER TREATY (IWT) 35 VISWANATHA SATYANARAYANA 84 ARMENIA-AZERBAIJAN CONFLICT 37 YANOMAMI PEOPLE 84 SARVAPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN 84 GS-III 39-81 K.N. DIKSHIT COMMITTEE 84 EASING OF LIQUIDITY 39 ODISHA’S KANDHAMAL HALDI 84 DECREASE IN GDP 39 SUBRAMANIAM BHARATI 85 FISCAL DEFICIT 41 PARLIAMENT OF WORLD RELIGION 85 STATE EASE OF DOING BUSINESS 41 BHAGAT SINGH (113TH BIRTH ANNIVERSARY) 85 STARTUP RANKING EXERCISE 43 VISHNUPADA TEMPLE 85 DIVERSION OF CESS OF GST 43 CHENDAMANGALAM SAREE 86 FARM BILLS 45 CHANNAPATNA TOY 86 BHARATNET 46 CRETE ISLAND 86 FISHERY SECTOR 48 CHUSHUL 87 MINIMUM SUPPORT PRICE 50 MUNDRA PORT 87 WORLD’S LARGEST SOLAR TREE 52 HURRICANE NANA 87 BRAIN ATLAS 53 'SWABHIMAN ANCHAL' & GURUPRIYA BRIDGE 87 NIBEC 54 TYPHOON HAISHEN 87 INDIA JOINS HYPERSONIC MISSILE CLUB 55 KRA CANAL 88 MERGER OF BLACK HOLES 58 NATHU LA 88 SOLAR CYCLE 25 60 NIOGHALVFJERDSFJORDEN GLACIER 89 GIANT RADIO GALAXIES 61 SHINKUN LA TUNNEL 89 DATA SONIFICATION PROJECT 62 ETOSHA PAN 89 METHANE HYDRATE 63 MEDICANE 89 GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2020 64 ENGLISH CHANNEL 90 NIDHI PROGRAMME 65 NAGORNO-KARABAKH 90 HCNG 66 DURGAM CHERUVU 90 MOON MAY BE RUSTING 66 BALTIC STATES 90 AAREY FOREST LAND 68 KOSI RAIL MAHASETU 91 CSCAF 2.0 68 PRIPYAT RIVER 91 LAND DEGRADATION AND CORAL REEF PROGRAM 70 MEKEDATU PROJECT 91 BLUE FLAG BEACHES BEAMS 71 TYPHOON MAYASAK 91 AIR QUALITY IN DELHI NCR 73 MT EVEREST 92 SANDALWOOD SPIKE DISEASE (SSD) 74 GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 92 WHALE MASS STRANDINGS 74 SWAMIH INVESTMENT FUND 93 CAMPAIGN TO REMOVE LANTANA: RAJASTHAN 75 E-GRAM SWARAJ PORTAL 93 EARLY MIGRATION OF BUTTERFLIES 76 VILLAGE POVERTY REDUCTION PLAN 93 ASSAM RIFLES 78 “KIRAN” – THE MENTAL HEALTH 94 Y PLUS CRPF SECURITY COVER 79 REHABILITATION HELPLINE SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE (SFF) 79 NSO REPORT ON DIGITAL DIVIDE 94 DEFENCE ACQUISITION PROCEDURE – 2020 80 HEALTH IN INDIA REPORT BY NSO 95 OCTOBER 2020 The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS CONTENTS SHORT NEWS ARTICLES 84-116 SHORT NEWS ARTICLES 84-116 GLOBAL MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY 96 INDRA NAVY – 20 113 INDEX AND INDIA SWABHIMAN ANCHAL 113 BASIC EXCHANGE AND COOPERATION AGREEMENT 96 ABHYAS 114 US-INDIA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP FORUM (USISPF) 97 LASER GUIDED ATGM 114 G-20 LEADERS’ SUMMIT ON EDUCATION 97 PASSEX 114 ASEAN-INDIA PLAN OF ACTION (2021-2025) 98 JIMEX 2020 115 UN'S COMMISSION ON STATUS OF WOMEN 99 PROJECT 17A 115 INDIAN TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC 99 INS VIRAAT 115 COOPERATION (ITEC) PROGRAMME DJIBOUTI CODE OF CONDUCT/ JEDDAH 100 AMENDMENT (DCOC/JA) MCQs 117-124 SAARC AND CICA MEETINGS 100 SELLING OF G-SECS 102 DOORSTEP BANKING SERVICES AND 102 EASE 2.0 INDEX RESULTS RURAL SELF EMPLOYMENT TRAINING INSTITUTES 103 SAROD-PORTS 103 IRAD APP 104 CENTRALIZED FARM MACHINERY 104 PERFORMANCE TESTING PORTAL HAIYANG-2C 104 CAT QUE VIRUS 105 SCRUB TYPHUS 105 PHOSPHINE GAS IN VENUS 105 HIMALAYAN CHANDRA TELESCOPE 105 BRUCELLOSIS 106 MASS SPECTROMENTRY 106 ASTEROID 465824 2010 FR 107 AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS 107 REAL MANGO 107 CORTICOSTEROIDS 108 POSTAGE STAMP ON A-SAT 108 GREEN TERM AHEAD MARKET (GTAM) 108 FIRST WORLD SOLAR TECHNOLOGY SUMMIT 109 IEP’S ECOLOGICAL THREAT REGISTER 109 LIVING PLANET REPORT 2020 110 GREATER ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS 111 AFRICAN ELEPHANT DYING DUE TO CYANOBACTERIA 111 NANDANKANAN ZOOLOGICAL PARK: ODISHA 112 MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY 112 IN KALINGA FROG DISPOSAL OF CIGARETTE BUTTS 112 LOW OZONE OVER BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER VALLEY 112 NET PRESENT VALUE OF FORESTS 113 P a g e | 1 GS-I MODERN HISTORY Context On 30th September 1932, Harijan Sevak Sangh was founded by Gandhiji. It was a result of the historic Poona Pact between him and B.R. Ambedkar. Immediate Historical Background Communal Award After the Second Round Table Conference (Dec 1931) British government agreed to give Communal Award to the depressed classes. The Communal Award was announced by the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald on 16th August 1932 and it extended separate electorate to depressed Classes and other minorities. Initially, the separate electorate was introduced in Indian council Act 1909 for Muslims and extended to Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians and Europeans by Government of India Act 1919. But now the separate electorate was available to the Forward Caste, Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo- Indians, Europeans and Depressed Classes also. Poona Pact Gandhiji opposed the government's decision. He saw in it a sinister device of the British government to create a split in the Hindu community in furtherance of its policy of divide and rule. Subsequently he went on to the indefinite fast in Yerawada Jail. He ended his fast only after signing the Poona Pact with Ambedkarat Yerawada Central Jail in Poona. It was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of the depressed classes and by Madan Mohan Malviya on behalf of the upper caste Hindus. It was agreed in the pact that there shall be electoral seats reserved for the Depressed Classes out of general electorate. Harijan Sevak Sangh Thereafter on September 30, Gandhiji founded All India Anti Untouchability League. It was later renamed as Harijan Sevak Sangh ("Servants of Untouchables Society"). The Sangh is headquartered in Kingsway Camp, Delhi. Industrialist Ghanshyam Das Birla was its founding president with Amritlal Takkar was its Secretary. What was the aim? To eradicate untouchability in India & to uplift the Depressed Class of India. Response and Activities A new weekly paper, the Harijan, was started. At Shantiniketan, poet Rabindranath Tagore, dressed in black, spoke to a large gathering on the urgency of fighting an age- old evil of untouchabililty. The Sangh helped the depressed classes to access public places such as temples, schools, roads and water resources & also conducted inter dining and inter caste marriages. Gandhiji opened a temple to “untouchables”at Wardha. Schools and Residential Schools were established by the Sangh all over India. In 1939, Harijan Sevak Sangh of Tamil Nadu headed by A. Vaidyanatha Iyer entered the Meenakshi Amman Temple in Madurai, with members of depressed class including P. Kakkan despite opposition from the upper caste Hindus. The Sangh led by Iyer organised several temple entry movements & opened hundreds of temples in parts of Tamil Nadu. Significance Through Harijan Sevak Sangh Gandhiji attacked “Untouchability” calling it the greatest blot on Hinduism. According to him it is against the Shastras & fundamental principles of humanity. Gandhi ji always said, as long as the Hindus wilfully regard untouchability as part of their religion, Swaraj is impossible of attainment. He publicly put the 'abolition' of untouchability as the essential prerequisite for India's true independence. P a g e | 2 GS-I INDIAN HERITAGE & CULTURE Context Recently, Gujarat government announced its first Heritage Tourism Policy. Highlights of the Policy It allowed opening up of heritage hotels, museums, banquet halls and restaurants inside historic palaces, forts and buildings. It is applicable to historic structures that existed before January 1, 1950. Under this policy, a new heritage hotel or an existing one will get financial assistance of Rs 5-10 crore for renovation or expansion. The basic heritage structure should not be altered during this process. In next five years, the government will give 100 per cent relief in electricity duty, marketing support and rent assistance in national and international events. Significance Tourism department pointed out that there are more than 100 heritage properties in Gujarat but only 20 of them have been opened up for tourism. A dedicated policy will not only encourage owners to renovate the old structures, but will also help attract foreign tourists to some of the princely states and jagirs once ruled by Maratha Gaekwads, Kathi Durbars, Rajput clans and Muslim dynasties.