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The Twelve Greatest Air Battles of the Tuskegee Airmen
THE TWELVE GREATEST AIR BATTLES OF THE TUSKEGEE AIRMEN Daniel L. Haulman, PhD Chief, Organizational Histories Branch Air Force Historical Research Agency 25 January 2010 edition Introduction The 332d Fighter Group was the only African-American group in the Army Air Forces in World War II to enter combat overseas. It eventually consisted of four fighter squadrons, the 99th, 100th, 301st, and 302d. Before the 332d Fighter Group deployed, the 99th Fighter Squadron, had already taken part in combat for many months. The primary mission of the 99th Fighter Squadron before June 1944 was to launch air raids on ground targets or to defend Allied forces on the ground from enemy air attacks, but it also escorted medium bombers on certain missions in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations. When the 332d Fighter Group first deployed to Italy in early 1944, it also flew patrol, close air support, and interdiction tactical missions for the Twelfth Air Force. Between early June 1944 and late April 1945, the 332d Fighter Group, which the 99th Fighter Squadron joined, flew a total of 311 missions with the Fifteenth Air Force. The primary function of the group then, along with six other fighter groups of the Fifteenth Air Force, was to escort heavy bombers, including B-17s and B-24s, on strategic raids against enemy targets in Germany, Austria, and parts of Nazi-occupied central, southern, and Eastern Europe. This paper focuses on the twelve greatest air battles of the Tuskegee Airmen. They include the eleven missions in which the 332d Fighter Group, or the 99th Fighter Squadron before deployment of the group, shot down at least four enemy aircraft. -
FLYING on the WINGS of HEROES by Archon Lynn Swann, Rho Boulé
Cover Story Archon Brown on the set of Red Tails with actors (from right) Leslie Odom, Jr., Ne-Yo, Kevin Phillips, Elijah Kelley and David Oyelowo FLYING ON THE WINGS OF HEROES By Archon Lynn Swann, Rho Boulé ince joining the Boulé fifteen years ago, I have had back on it now, I see that that wasn’t such a bad situation. occasion to meet a host of distinguished and brilliant But I never knew Les Williams was a Tuskegee Airman Smen. It has been an honor. Yet nothing could have until I saw him in a documentary titled Double Victory, prepared me for the opportunity I had earlier this year which was produced by George Lucas and the Lucasfilm when I met men of history – Boulé members that were team working on the upcoming film Red Tails, about the Tuskegee Airmen, perhaps some of the most important combat missions flown by the 332nd Fighter Group. Les, I and legendary figures in the history of the U.S. Armed found out, was the first African American commissioned Services during World War II. as a bomber pilot, serving in the 477th Composite Group. Little did I know that I had a personal connection to The fact that Les never told me about his experience these heroic men. Back when I was just a fourth grader, – I took dance classes from him from fourth grade until my mother decided that I was going to take dance classes. I graduated from Junipero Serra High School – says She didn’t ask me – she just drove me down to the Les much about him and about the other men who served. -
June 2020 the Entire Country
CAF RISE ABOVE® Inspiring young people to RISE ABOVE adversity using the lessons and stories of the Tuskegee Airmen and the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP). For the past few months we have been struggling to cope with a pandemic that has affected the entire world. While there are certainly some areas and regions which are more greatly impacted, it appears for the most part things are turning around. I was anticipating writing to everyone this month about the dust and clouds clearing, but the horrible and inexcusable actions that resulted in the death of a man named George Floyd, brought to the Photo courtesy Chris Ebon forefront another issue, discrimination, that has crippled In This Issue - June 2020 the entire country. • Tour schedule at a glance The Commemorative Air Force (CAF) adamantly condemns racism - • Greetings from the Ambassador discrimination or bias against any individual or group due to race, religion, team age, or gender. We vigorously support people’s rights to peacefully assemble, • Volunteer Spotlight protest, and communicate their concerns and frustrations. • Tuskegee Airmen: Did you know Many of us have been around for long enough to know that this pain and • Our mission in action suffering has unfortunately gone on for far too long for generations of Black • Educational resources Americans. I am especially moved when I think about how many black men • Tuskegee Airmen Profiles: Terry and women have valiantly served in defense of America, fighting for freedom, Bailey which they do not equally receive at home. • And then there where women! Octavia M. Bridgewater As the leader of an organization whose mission is to educate, honor, and • Tuskegee Airmen: Quote of the inspire, I believe that the Commemorative Air Force has a responsibility to act. -
Groom Dac-Gab
Iredell County, N. C. Marriage Register - Groom Index A - K (1854-1964) Surname Given Name Surname Given Name Age R Date Official Witnesses G/B Dacons J. F. William Laura 35/21 W 11/12/1893 J. G. Weatherman (Min) W. C. Weatherman, W. M. New Hope Tns. Pratt Dacons Jonah Anderson Roxie 21/22 W 10/27/1917 J. E. Prevett (Min) B. M. Myers, A. L. Wilson, Iredell Co. Iredell Co. New Hope Tns. M. A. Souther Dacons Preston Martin Julia 29/26 C 2/22/1906 W. A. Jordan (JP) John D. Williams, Houston Iredell Co. Iredell Co. New Hope Tns. Jordan Dacons Thomas Tidline Octa 31/21 C 2/4/1897 E. Parker (Min) B. E. Felts, J. A. Souther, L. Iredell Co. Iredell Co. New Hope Tns. C. Felts Dacons William Dewey Linney Florence 22/22 C 6/19/1921 E. D. Duboes (Min) Laura Dubose, Emma Parks, Iredell Co. Alexander Co. Eagle Mills Tns. JimDalton Dagenhardt Jacob Fulbright Catherine - - 4/3/1867 J. M. Smith (Min) none Dagenhart Adam Sylvester Massey Beulah 23/19 W 12/10/1905 E. F. Griffith (Min) R. L. Bradford, James A. Alexander Co. Iredell Co. Shiloh Tns. Price, D. L. Morrow Dagenhart Albert Cephus Harris Grace Lucille 21/24 W 11/30/1933 N. Q. Harris (Min) Troy Sloan, Parley Goforth, Statesville #2 Statesville #2 Sharpsburg Tns. Hattie Harris Dagenhart Amos M. Massey Mary Jane 26/20 W 10/29/1905 T. E. Weaver (Min) M. N. Watt, O. S. Dagenhart, Alexander Co. Iredell Co. Iredell Co. Anthe Dagenhart Dagenhart Andrew W. -
FROM the FLIGHT LINE Volume 4, Issue 3
TUSKEGEE AIRMEN, INC. · P.O. BOX 9166 · ARLINGTON, VA 22219 September 2009 FROM THE FLIGHT LINE Volume 4, Issue 3 Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. 38th Annual National Convention Post Convention Newsletter The 38th Annual National Convention was held on August 6-9, 2009, at the Palace Station Hotel & Casino, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Many thanks to everyone for a very successful convention! Report of the President, Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. to the 38th Convention, Las Vegas, NV August 6, 2009 Dear Members: Allow me to start this report with a summary of activities of the year. Following the Annual Convention in Philadelphia, PA, in August, we moved very aggressively forward towards the Grand Opening of the Tuskegee Airmen National Site at Moton Field. It was an exciting event and well attended by the Documented Original Tuskegee Airmen (DOTAs), elected officials and other dignitaries, plus family members and the general public. That event was followed by a tribute to the DOTAs including Lionel Richie and Tom Joyner, both with ties to Tuskegee. Next began a number of recognition events to the DOTAs; recognition at the Department of Defense's Presidential Executive Order 9981, integrating the United States military; induction into the International Air and Space Hall of Fame at the San Diego Aviation Air and Space Museum in San Diego, CA; receipt of the Achievement Award from the Kentucky Aviation Hall of Fame: the Inauguration of the 44th President of the United States of America; receipt of the Trumpet Award in Atlanta, GA; and other awards and recognition for their exploits and achievements. -
Tales of the Tuskegee Airmen: Pre/Post-Lesson Packet February 25, 2020
Tales of the Tuskegee Airmen: Pre/Post-Lesson Packet February 25, 2020 This packet was developed to provide students with greater context into the story of the Tuskegee Airmen prior to the Streamable Learning program with the Virginia War Memorial, as well as discussion questions for afterwards. Teachers are strongly encouraged to go over the biography of Howard Baugh before the program, as the speakers are the sons of Captain Baugh. The glossary and descriptions of planes may be useful for students to have during the program itself. The program will consist of approximately 30 minutes of presentation followed by a question and answer period, so please have questions ready. Questions may be sent in advance to Morgan Guyer at [email protected]. I. Glossary II. Howard Baugh Biography III. Tuskegee Planes IV. Discussion Questions V. Additional Resources VI. Howard Baugh Chapter of the Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. GLOSSARY Tuskegee Institute: founded in Alabama in 1881 as a school for African-Americans. United States Army Air Corps: the predecessor to the US Air Force, the USAAC was the aerial warfare service of the United States Army from 1926-1947 Congressional Medal of Honor: the United States’ highest military honor, awarded for personal acts of valor above and beyond the call of duty Harlem Hellfighters: the 369th Infantry unit in World War I (1914-1918), which consisted of only African-Americans and received many awards for bravery in action HBCU: Historically Black College or University Willa Brown: first African-American woman to become a Master Mechanic, a US trained pilot, and a member of the Civil Air Patrol Eleanor Roosevelt: First Lady of the United States from 1933-1945, famously flew in a plane with a black pilot at Tuskegee Plessy v. -
The Flight Plan
® Chicago DODO Chapter, Tuskegee Airmen, Inc.® The Flight Plan Vol. XVIII no. 4 November 2011 Chicago DODO Chapter, P. O. Box 19063, Chicago, IL 60619 Ken Rapier, President Carrying on the legend and teaching young people about the opportunities in aviation. FROM: R. J. LEWIS 10/23/11 TO: EDITOR-TUSKEGEE NEW SUBJ: ARTICLE: MILDRED L. CARTER-AVITRIX MILDRED LOUISE (HEMMONS) CARTER Beloved Pioneer Tuskegee Aviatrix, Mildred Louise (Hemmons), Carter passed away peacefully at her home on 21 October 2011 after a lengthy illness. She filed her final Flight Plan on a perfect Tuskegee flying day with little wind and a cloudless blue sky; Mildred was 90 years old. Aviator, wife, great-grandmother, a leading citizen of Tuskegee; Mil- dred is perhaps best known as a graduate of the Tuskegee Civilian Pilot Program (CPT), authorized by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This was the precursor of the Tuskegee Airmen. As a 19 year-old Tuskegee Institute (University) graduate with a BA in Business, Mildred was the first hire of the Army Air Corps in setting up the Tuskegee Army Air Field (TAAF). She served as Chief Clerk in the Quartermaster Corps at TAAF and created the documents that equipped the new base. Mildred also held a Parachute Packer Rating and was an excellent Secretary/Typist. She was a Documented Original Tuskegee Airman (DOTA), and a member of the Bessie Coleman Foundation; an organization of women aviators... During the 1941 historic 40 minute flight of First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt with C. Alfred “Chief” Anderson, head of the Tuskegee Civilian Pilot Training Program, Chief advised that the Negro students were indeed doing well in their training regimen. -
Extensions of Remarks E 1515 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS
July 26, 1995 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð Extensions of Remarks E 1515 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TRIBUTE TO AFRICAN-AMERICAN guished generation in the history of African- Margaret Bailey, Edna Young Shannon, Dr. WORLD WAR II VETERANS ON American military service.'' As a group, he Olivia Hooker, Dr. Howard Mitchell, SSgt. THE 47TH ANNIVERSARY OF said they were protectors ``of a legacy older Robert Powell, John Silveria, Dr. John Garrett, PRESIDENT TRUMAN'S SIGNING than the Declaration of Independence; one World War II Heritage Commission, Commit- OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 9981 that includes the legendary service of the tee for the Aviation Mural Project Success, Massachusetts 54th in our Civil War, the Buf- and Black Military History Institute of America. falo Soldiers in the West, the 92d Division in HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Again, on behalf of a grateful nation, I speak OF NEW YORK World War I.'' for the Congressional Black Caucus in ex- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The President continued, ``For decades, Af- pressing our deep appreciation for the con- Wednesday, July 26, 1995 rican-American veterans were missing in our Nation's memories of World War II. For too tributions, dedication, commitment, and na- Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, July 26, 1995 long, you were soldiers in the shadows, forgot- tional service of the African-American men marks the 47th anniversary of President Harry ten heroes. Today it should be clear to all of and women who served in World War II. Their S. Truman's signing of Executive Order 9981, you, you are forgotten no more.'' job was done well, and will forever be remem- officially desegregating the U.S. -
Tuskegee Airmen Chronology Daniel L. Haulman Organizational
TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY DANIEL L. HAULMAN ORGANIZATIONAL HISTORY BRANCH AIR FORCE HISTORICAL RESEARCH AGENCY MAXWELL AFB, AL 36112-6424 14 November 2011 1 TUSKEGEE AIRMEN CHRONOLOGY Dr. Daniel L. Haulman Chief, Organization History Division Air Force Historical Research Agency Expanded Edition: 30 September 2011 27 June 1939: Congress passed the Civilian Pilot Training Act. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies.) September-October 1939: The Civil Aeronautics Administration received Tuskegee Institute’s application to be a civilian pilot training institution, and after Tuskegee obtained permission to use the Montgomery Airport as a facility, the application was approved. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies) Late February 1940: The Civil Aeronautics Authority approved Tuskegee’s Kennedy Field for Civilian Pilot Training, after improvements to the field, eliminating Tuskegee Institute’s need to use the Montgomery Airport. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies) 25 March 1940: George A. Wiggs arrived in Tuskegee to administer the standard written examination required of all Civilian Pilot Training students. Every student who took the examination passed, surpassing the passing rate of other schools in the South. (Robert J. Jakeman, The Divided Skies.) 16 September 1940: Congress passed a Selective Service Act which required all the armed services to enlist “Negroes”. On the same day, the War Department announced that the Civil Aeronautics Authority, in cooperation with the U.S. Army, would start the development of “colored personnel” for the aviation service. (Public Law 783, 16 September 1940; War Department Press Release, 16 September 1940; 99th Fighter Squadron summary history in the lineage and honors folder of the 99th Flying Training Squadron at the Air Force Historical Research Agency (AFHRA), Maxwell AFB, AL) Late October 1940: In a press release, President Franklin D. -
Lineage and Honors History of the 301 Fighter Squadron (AFRC)
Lineage and Honors History Of the 301 Fighter Squadron (AFRC) Lineage. Constituted as the 301 Fighter Squadron on 4 Jul 1942. Activated on 13 Oct 1942. Redesignated as the 301 Fighter Squadron, Single Engine, c. 21 Aug 1944. Inactivated on 19 Oct 1945. Activated on 1 Jul 1947. Inactivated on 1 Jul 1949. Consolidated (19 Sep 1985) with the 901 Air Refueling Squadron, Heavy, which was constituted on 7 Apr 1958. Activated on 1 Aug 1958. Inactivated on 2 Jul 1969. Redesignated as the 301 Fighter Squadron on 1 Dec 1999. Activated in the Reserve on 1 Jan 2000. Assignments. 332 Fighter Group, 13 Oct 1942-19 Oct 1945. 332 Fighter Group, 1 Jul 1947-1 Jul 1949. 4228 Strategic Wing, 1 Aug 1958; 454 Bombardment Wing, 1 Feb 1963-2 Jul 1969 (attached to 4252 Strategic Wing, Dec 1965-Mar 1966 and Jul-Dec 1967). 944 Operations Group, 1 Jan 2000; 44 Fighter Group, 1 Feb 2010-. Stations. Tuskegee AAFld, AL, 13 Oct 1942; Selfridge Field, MI, 29 Mar 1943; Oscoda AAFld, MI, 9 Nov 1943; Selfridge Field, MI, 19 Nov 1943-23 Dec 1943; Taranto, Italy, 29 Jan 1944; Montecorvino, Italy, 8 Feb 1944; Capodichino, Italy, 15 Apr 1944; Ramitelli Airdrome, Italy, 30 May 1944; Cattolica Airdrome, Italy, c. 4 May 1945; Lucera Airdrome, Italy, c. 18 Jul-30 Sep 1945; Camp Kilmer, NJ, 17-19 Oct 1945. Lockbourne AAB (later, AFB), OH, 1 Jul 1947-1 Jul 1949. Columbus AFB, MS, 1 Aug 1958-2 Jul 1969. Luke AFB, AZ, 1 Jan 2000; Holloman AFB, NM, 1 Feb 2010-. -
MARCH —APRIL 1975 YEARBOOK EDITION Contents NO
PUBLISHED — BY THE FLORIDA SHERIFFS ASSOCIATION F IRST I INE OF DEFENSE IN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT MARCH —APRIL 1975 YEARBOOK EDITION Contents NO. 1 MARCH-APRIL, 1975 VOLUME 19, Sheriffs Association Officers and Directors Directory of County Officials . 40 Editor, Carl Stauffer Executive Director, Florida Sheriffs Association Florida's Government Directory of State Agencies 16 Associate Editor, Al Hammock Executive Branch .. 10 Judicial Branch .. 30 Art Director, Frank J.Jones Legislative Branch .. 19 State Government Chart 8 Florida's Men In Washington . 35 THE SHERIFF'S STAR is published monthly during January, February, May, June, September and October, and bi-monthly Public Service Commission 15 during March and April, July and August, November and De- cember, by the Florida Sheriffs Association, a non-profit cor- Sheriffs' Telephone Numbers poration, P. O. Box 1487, Tallahassee, Florida 32302 (street and Addresses . ....... Inside Back Cover address, 1020 E. Lafayette St.). The subscription rate is $6 per year. Second class postage paid at Tallahassee, Florida and ad- ditional mailing offices. Presidents Message Don't be misled by our angry outbursts In recent months, Sheriffs have been openly critical of num- erous agencies and individuals in the criminal justice system. This criticism has been reported extensively by the news media, and it is also evident in this issue of THE SHERIFF'S STAR. We have been getting a lot of things off our chests. We have given vent to our frustrations, and, in some cases, our hostili- ties. We have benefited in the same way that the father admin- istering a spanking sometimes benefits more than the child re- ceiving the spanking. -
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Bob Sadler Director of Marketing & Sales (313) 833-7937 Or (313) 819-5761 (Cell) [email protected]
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Bob Sadler Director of Marketing & Sales (313) 833-7937 or (313) 819-5761 (cell) [email protected] JOIN TUSKEGEE AIRMAN LT. COLONEL ALEXANDER JEFFERSON SHARING “HOW I SURVIVED WORLD WAR II!” WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17 AT THE DETROIT HISTORICAL MUSEUM DETROIT – The Detroit Historical Society continues its Scholar Series with former Tuskegee Airman Lt. Colonel Alexander Jefferson, who will discuss his time in the Army Air Force during World War II on Wednesday, April 17 at 6 p.m. at the Detroit Historical Museum. Jefferson will also be awarded a plaque from the Society’s Black Historic Sites Committee for his contributions to African American history. College graduate Alexander Jefferson, having enlisted in the U.S. Army Reserves, was turned down when he first applied for flight training in the Army Air Force during World War II. However, in 1943, the Army assigned Jefferson to the 332nd Fighter Group of the black “Tuskegee Airmen,” based at Tuskegee Army Airfield in Alabama. The 332nd, which flew distinctive “Red Tail” P-51 Mustangs, escorted bombing raids and provided air support for ground troops. During his presentation, Jefferson will show a brief video and explain how being a Tuskegee Airman helped him survive World War II. In addition, he will discuss how his Tuskegee Airman status contributed to his life during the Civil Rights era. The program will feature a flag ceremony; an introduction from the chair of the Black Historic Sites Committee, Kimberly Simmons; reenactors from the Historic Fort Wayne Coalition; a question and answer session and an award presentation.