© in This Web Service Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-07339-5 - The Camera as Witness: A Social History of Mizoram, Northeast India Joy L. K. Pachuau and Willem Van Schendel Index More information

Index

Aberystwyth 410 Arunachal Pradesh 85 Aborigines Mission 63, 85 Asian Centre for Human Rights 374 Abraham, Rachel 380 Assam 6, 21, 36, 114, 127, 128, 138, 142, 154, advertising 181–184 176–177, 199, 201, 203, 206, 233, 235, Agra 43, 417 245, 253–254, 256, 263–264, 299–300, agriculture 171–176, 299, 308 302–303, 312, 353, 373–374 Aichhuma Fanai 127 Assam Regiment 206, 222, 318 Aijal see: Aizawl Assam Rifles 137, 181, 235, 318, 321 Aizawl 57, 63, 66, 69, 71, 78, 87, 90, 104, 106, Assam Rifles Ground 134–135, 276, 359–360 114, 126, 128–141, 150–151, 160–163, 165, Assamese 302 169, 176–177, 185–186, 191, 193–194, 196, Assamization 258 198, 203–204, 207, 217–219, 236, 247, 251, Autonomous Mizo District 257–258, 260–261, 258–263, 275–287, 319, 355–356, 360, 388, 276, 299 391, 393, 400–401, 406, 410, 417–420 autonomous district 359, 362–366, 373–374, Aizawl Theological College 104, 106 Awksarala 235 Akyab see: Sittwe Alikadam 358 Babua 49, 90 Allahabad 43, 69, 97, 410 backsliding 71 America 168, 382, 391, 398, 408 Baddely, G.T. 193 (see also: United States) bamboo dance 270, 282–283, 357 American Samoa 82 bamboo famine see: famine Angus, B. 164 Bangladesh 6, 82, 192, 245, 303, 341–358, 369, annexation see: Lushai Expedition 1889–90 402, 406, 410 anti-colonial campaign 142 baptism 67, 84 Anti-Famine Campaign Organisation 300–301 Baptists 65–66, 85, 238–239, 275, 328 Arakan 114, 118, 206, 233, 341, 343–344, 348 (see also: Christianity) Arakan hills 3–4, 20, 34 Barkal 151–153, 337 Archer, W.G. 21 Barkataki family 255 archives 10, 21 Barkataki, Mrs. 255, 258 army 134, 138–139, 169, 178, 180, 206, 222–226 Barkataki, S.N. 255–258 see also: (Lushai Expedition 1871–72; barter 168–169 Lushai Expedition 1889–90; World bawi system 126–128 War I; World War II; Mizoram War of Bawichhuaka 250 Independence) Bawla 223 army camp 109–110, 132 see also: (stockade) Bawm 8, 26, 35, 328, 342, 365 Arthington, R. 63, 85 Bawngleia 100

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-07339-5 - The Camera as Witness: A Social History of Mizoram, Northeast India Joy L. K. Pachuau and Willem Van Schendel Index More information

Index

Bawrh sap see: Superintendent Chakma 9, 21, 36, 88, 107, 114, 258–259, 308, Bay of Bengal 150, 168 341, 359, 362–370, 373 Beat Contest 386, 389–390 Chakma, S.S. 229 Beijing 344 Chalbawia 292 Belkhai 32 Chalbuanga 182 Bengal 6, 103, 138, 201 Chalchhunga 192 Bengali 91, 104, 114, 129, 168–169, 180, 298, 341 Challiana 51, 89, 99–100 Bepari Bazar see: Changsil Challianthuama 326 Bhutan 82 Challa 106 Biakhnuna 415 Chalmawia 289 Biakkungi, H. 205 Chalmawii 333 Biakthuama 106 Chalrang 53 Biakzama 335 Chalrikhuma 335 Biate 382 Chaltlang 90 Bible 87–88, 241 (see also: Christianity) Champhai 60, 104, 117, 169, 173, 193, Bible Woman 80, 84 216, 292, 321, 393, 410 bicycle 223–225 Champuii 418 Bishnupur 108 Chandipur 108 Bogotá 410 Chandpur 192 Bollywood 382 Changsil 129, 169 Bombay see: Mumbai Chanmari 239 Bonjoogy see: Bawm Chapchar Kut 276–280 border guards 113 Chapi 39 Bower (Betts), U.G. 21 Chapman, E.M. 94 Boy Scouts 106, 161 Chavan, Y.B. 308 Brazil 174 Chawngbawla 318 Brend’amour, R. 33, 113, 142 Chawnglianthuama 342 British India 5 Chawngte 364–365, 375 Bru 9, 21, 35, 362–363, 365–366, 370–373 Chawngthu, J.L. 181 Buai see: Mizoram War of Independence Chawngthu, L. see: Lalngura Chawgthu Buala Ralte 128 Chawngthu, M.S. see: Suaka, M. Bualpui 104 Chawngthu, P.S. 379 Buanga, H. 203 Chawngthu, P. see: Pakunga Chawngthu Buchanan, F. 26, 59 Chawngzuala 349 Buchhawna 203, 263 Chelam 46 Buddhism 36, 365–366 Chennai 69, 92, 108 Bukpui 235 Chepui 29 Burma 6, 142, 171, 199–202, 206, 233, 245–247, Cherrapunji 108 249–250, 280–281, 303, 318, 321, 341–358, Chhantlang 324, 327 (see also: Mahmuam) 365, 367, 374, 385, 392–393, 408, 410 Chhawngbuta 78 Burma Army 225–226 Chhawntluanga 382 Burma Regiment 223–224 Chhawrtui 348 Buta 385 Chhimpuitui see: Kaladan river Butta 392, 406 Chhimtlang 348–349, 358, 406 Butler, Captain 111 Chhinga Veng 219 Chhippui/Chhipui 324, 328 Cachar 122, 148, 150, 250, 303 Chhuahkhama 68, 71 Calcutta see: Kolkata Chhuana 71 Calcutta University 97 Chhumhmunga Lakher 127 camera 11–13, 24, 212, 419–420, 423 Chhumi 95, 105 Cameroon 422 Chhunga, Ch. 277 Canada 82 Chhungzinga 366

464

Index

Chhunruma 419 Dagger Brigade 318 chief 25–26, 29, 32–33, 52, 121–129, 199–202, Dahrawka, P.S. 53, 195 234–235, 248–251, 253, 255–257, 267, Daia 413 283, 298 Dala, R. 237 Children’s Newspaper 71, 73 Dampa 323, 358 Chin 8–9, 20 dandy see: sedan chair Chin hills 3–6, 8, 202, 211, 249–250, 365, 392 Dara 193 Chin National Day 285 Darchhunga 237 Chin Rifles 318 Darlawn 420 Chin State 8, 77, 85, 233, 280–281, 321, 365, Darmaka 170 374, 385, 393, 410 Darpong 111–112 China 82, 168, 344–347, 350–351 Darzo 116 Chittagong (city) 97, 150–151, 153, 332, 334, Das, H.N. 258 335, 410 Das, R.C. 203 Chittagong Hill Tracts 3–6, 8, 11, 24, 33–34, 97, Davies, C.M. 158 113–114, 122, 217, 233–234, 245, 250, 283, Davies, Mrs. 203 298, 323–339, 341–358, 365, 367, 373, 410 Davies, S. 203 choir 43–44, 239, 260–261, 328–329, 379, 394 Dawn 93, 213 Chongthu, J.L. 181 Dawnghlua 407 Christian Youth Fellowship 328 Dawngliana 314 Christianity 36–37, 56, 63–86, 87–108, 275–278, Dawrpui 185, 227, 251, 286, 304–305, 418–419 284, 299, 365–367, 370 Dean, J. 291 Christmas 13, 79, 212, 219–222, 228, 247, 323, death rites 229 (see also: coffin, memorial stone) 328, 421 Delaware 410 Christmas carol 43–44, 219–220, 328–329, Delhi 43, 251, 264, 266–275, 302, 321, 356, 359 379, 394 Demagiri see: Tlabung Chuahkhama 106 Demkhawsiak 346 Chuaua 412 deportation 121 Chuaubuanga 335 Deputy Commissioner 257–258, 263, 300 Chuaukunga 347 development 176, 310–311 Chuautera 51, 68 Dewan, D. 356 Churachandpur 233, 362, 390, 407, 410, 415 Dhaka 108, 323–324, 335 Clay, Lt. 159 Dhaleswari river see: Tlawng river coffin 214–217, 339 Dharmanagar 108 Cole, H.G.M. 136, 163 Dibrugarh 108 Cole, H.W.G. 196 Diltlang 355 Colney, H. 328–339, 342 Dohleia 97 Colney, L. 334 Dokhara 185 Colney, L.M. 332 Dova 106 Colney, L.M.S. 342 Dozinga 382 Colombia 410 dress 43–58, 126, 137–138, 266–274, 283–294, colonial rule 109–144, 284, 302 356–357, 397–409 Communist Party of Burma 343 drum 37–40, 65, 275, 386 Congregational Church of India 85 Duhlian 9, 20 Constitution 304 Durga Puja 139–140, 144 cosmopolitan modernism 288, 402 Durpang 46 Cotton College 101 Durtlang 41, 44, 52, 57, 90, 104, 128, 204, 220, Counterinsurgency and Jungle Warfare 223–224, 235, 255, 397 School 312 cowboy 288–294, 403–405 East Pakistan 303–304, 312, 318–341, 367 Crouch, officer 114 (see also: Bangladesh) Crown Colony 201, 248 Eastern Bengal & Assam 97

465

Index

economy 168–188 Gibb, A. 406 education 50, 87–108, 123 Giri, V.V. 268 Edson, J.T. 292 Girls Auxiliary 106 Edwards, D. 247 Goldstein, B. 17 elections 257, 327, 353, 356 Gopi 27–28, 34 elephant 148, 185 gong 37–39 England 12, 66 (see also: Great Britain) Gorkha see: Gurkha Engzuala 387 governor 114, 127, 128, 199, 201, 203, 235, ethnic identity 6, 83, 107, 275–287, 254, 263, 361 361–374 grave see: memorial stone Europe 13, 14, 99, 168, 408 Great Britain 99 European see: sap Great War see: World War I Evangelical Church of Maraland 85 Greater Mizoram 248–250, 302–303 evangelist 64, 67, 70, 80–82, 88 Guevara, Che 408 Evans, G. 88, 156, 263, 366 Guitar 40, 42, 57, 260–261, 282, 292–293, 381, Evans, L. 71 383, 385–394 excluded area 200–201, 234 gun 114, 168 exhibition 176–178 Gurkha 9, 61, 87–88, 113, 117, 132, 134, expulsion 238–239, 277 139–142, 147 Guwahati 97, 101, 108, 308, 410 family albums 11–12 famine 161, 297–302 Haflong 21, 233 Fanai, A. 127 hairstyle 29–31, 34, 49–50, 82 Fanai, L. 127 Haka 8 Farkawn 236–237 Haudala 58, 419 Fink, Dr. 138, 159 Hauruang 147 Fink, Mrs. 138, 159 Hawngliana 193 First World War see: World War I headhunting 35 flannel graph 88, 367 health services 104–105, 335–336 forced labour 121, 126, 154–155, 159–160, (see also: nursing, hospital) 175, 178, 180, 191 Hill State 302–303 forced resettlement 306–314, 318, 420 hill people 8 Fort Aijal 114, 129, 169 Himalayas 3, 5 Fort Lungleh 114, 169 Hindi 91, 139, 141, 171, 380, 388, 409 Fort Tregear 116 Hinduism 36–37, 74, 139–140, 169 Foxall see: Lorrain-Foxall histories of photography 13–15 France 190, 192–197, 361, 410 Hlawha 407 Fraser, P. 40, 126–128 Hliappui 321–322 Fraser, M. 40, 127–128 Hlimen 128 Fürer-Haimendorf, C. von 21 Hmar 8, 20–21, 270, 362, 373–374 Hmar, L. 381 Gandhi, I. 261–263, 360 Hmar Students’ Association 373 Gandhi, P. 357 Hmar Vanlaiphai 104 Gandhi, Rajiv 357 Hmelmawia 206 Gandhi, Rahul 357 Hminga, C.L. 412 Gandhi, S. 357 Hmingliana 392 Ganpat Ram 182 Hmuifang 169 Gauhati see: Guwahati Hnamte, Zirsangzela 386 gayal 77–81, 184 Hnamte, Zokura 293 German 190 Hnawka 78 George V, King 130, 190 hnatlang 83 Ghana 82 Hnuna 289

466

Index

Hollywood 379 Kachin 171, 345–347 Hong Kong 408 Kachin Independence Organisation 345 Horner, J. 239 Kailiana 193 hospital 247 Kailuaia 193 Hrangkima 176–177 Kailuia 197 Hrangliana 193 Kairova 192 Hranglianchhingi 213 Kairuma 115, 176 Hranglianthanga 191 Kaithuami 54, 98 Hrangluaia 193 Kaladan river 25, 153–154, 257 Hrangshela 93 Kaladan Studio 415 Hrangthanga Colney see: Colney, H. Kalemyo 393 Hrawva 99, 203 Kamalanagar 364–365, 375 Hringchar see: Silchar Kamdingthanga 347 Hruaia 420 Kapa 292 Hualngohmun 236 Kaptai, Lake 324, 367 Hughes, K. 43–44, 71, 128, 203 Kaptluanga 335 Human Rights Committee of Mizoram 306 Kapzauva 415 Hutton, J.H. 22, 201 Karachi 410 Hydari, M.S.A. 254 Karnaphuli see: Khawthlangtuipui river Hyde, E.S. 166 Kashmir 318 Kawlbawia 309 Imphal 202, 223–224, 410 Kawlkhuma 203 Independence Day (India) 251, Kawnpui 307 259–260, 279 Kela, C.H. 221 Independence Day (Mizoram) 338 Kelsih 235 independent Mizoram 250–251, 302–358 Kenya 82 India (Republic of ) 6, 15, 142, 233–274, Khaichhua 416 302–317, 356–358 Khamliana Sailo 90, 124–125, 128, 161, 173, 175 Indian Air Force 305, 379 Khara 67 Indian Civil Service 119 Khasi 119, 154, 158, 162, 178, 408 Indonesia 82 Khasi and Jaintia hills 21, 63 infrastructure 145–167, 206–208 (see also: Meghalaya) inkhawmpui 78 Khawbung 318 inner line 234 Khawchhete 128 Iran 206, 410 Khawkunga 235 Khawlian 236 Jabalpur 410 Khawnghinga 97, 193 Jacob, Gen. 389 Khawpuithanga 326 Jampui 233 Khawruhlian 383 Japan 15, 199–211 Khawthlangtuipui river 150, 367 Japanese 199–211, 409 Khawtinkhuma 251 jeep 207–209, 223–227, 260, 300 Khawvelthanga 127–128, 130 Jeremi Zobiakvela see: Zobiakvela, J. Khiangte, T. 127 Jesus 67, 72, 74, 77, 128, 194 Kholel 111 Jihova 64 Khuangchera 318 Joi Bûm 110 Khuangthing 321 Jones, B.E 236, 263 Khuahupa Pawi 127 Jones, P. 263 Khuma 67, 134 Jones, D.E. 66, 85, 90, 191 Khumi 8, 25–28, 34–35, 328 Jones, M. 236 Khyang 8, 328 Jorhat 97, 100 Kiribati 82 Joshua 318 Knight, Mr. 138, 159

467

Index

Kohima 202 Lalhema, B. 381 Koladyne see: Kaladan river Lalhluna 342 Kolasib 393 Lalhmingliana 388 Kolkata 31–33, 40, 43, 50, 69, 97–99, 108, 151, Lalhmingmawii 392 174, 184, 189, 192, 304, 390, 410, 420 Lalhmingthanga 335, Korea 409 344–345, 393 Krishna Talkies 380, 382 Lalhuliana, C. 347 Kristian Thalai Pawl 238, 328 Lalhuta 97 Krossmawi 420 Lalkaisanga, J. 290 Krummel, T. 183–185 Lalkungi 286 Kuki 21, 26, 35, 114, 148 Lalleuha 100 Kuki-Mizo-Chin 7, 303, 328 Lalliana 335, 339 Kuki Rebellion 191 Lalluaia Sailo 128 Kulikawn 208, 224, 249, 401 Lalmova 141 Lalmuana 236 labour 122, 134–135, 150, 154–160, 171, Lalnghinglova 315, 324 178–182, 194, 196, 298 Lalngura 32, 34, 255 (see also: forced labour) Lalngura Chawngthu 235 Lai 8–9, 21, 30, 35, 37, 82, 141, 163, 185, Lalnithanga 289 258–259, 279, 308, 359, 362–366, 374 Lalnithanga, P. 412 Laibata 71 Lalnunthara, P.C. 421 Laii 98 Lalpara 42 Laikunga Hmar see: Hmar, L. Lalramchuani 416 Laisaizawk 293 Lalrinchhana 349 Laisawral 32 Lalrochhumi 399 Laisiama 382 Lalromawii 58 Laithuama 206–207 Lalropuii 281 Lakher see: Mara Lalrova 42 Lakher, C. 127 Lalruala 334 Lakherland 5 (see also: Mara, Mara Lalruanga 392, 406 Autonomous District) Lal Sabuta 106 Lakher Pioneer Mission 65–66, 85, 93, 240–243 Lalsailova Fanai 127 (see also: Christianity, missionaries) Lalsailova Sailo 235 Lakhimpur 250 Lalsaingura Sailo 334 Lalbawia 301 Lalsangzuala 293 Lalbeveli 52 Lalsangzuali Sailo 391–392 Lalbiakzuala 413 Lalsawma 14 Lalbika Sailo 420 Lalsiami 105 Lalbuanga Sailo 235 Laltanpuia 382 Lalbuta 176–177, 285, 392, 406 Lalthangvunga 177 Lalchawna 216 Lalthankima 393 Lalchema 32 Lalthawmvunga 342, 346–347 Lalchhinga 98 Lalthawvenga Sailo 235, 255 Lalchhunga 342 Lalthianga 414 Lalchungnunga, E. 255 Lalthlengliana 381 Laldaia 203 Laltansanga 97 Laldenga 302, 323, 326, 335, 338, 343–345, Laltawnga 51 349–350, 353, 357, 384 Lal Thanhawla 353, 364 Laldula 127 Lalthanliana 101–102 Laldula Sailo 127 Lalthansangi 333 Lalhlawhliana 407–408 Lalthlamuani 331 Lalhema 58, 419 Lalthlana, H. 346–347

468

Index

Lalvuana 236 Lorrain, R.A. 66, 85, 213, 240, 244 Lalvunga 318 Lorrain-Foxall, B. 202, 240–242, 244 Lalzika 333 Lorrain-Foxall, M.T. 240, 242, 244 Lalziki Sailo 261 Lorrain-Foxall, V. 240–244 Lalzingi 216 Lorrain-Foxall family 240–244 Lama 289, 358 Lorrainville 241 Lamka see: Churachandpur Luaia 99 Lamputa 327 Luaia, T. 289, 411 L’Amour, L. 293 Luaia, H.S. 239, 370 landscape 145 Luangpawn 236 Langa 35, 194 (see also: Mara) Lucknow 43 Langmang see: Mara Ludhiana 43, 108 language 8–9, 21, 87–91, 107, 365–366 Luii 203 Lapi Mark see: Mark, L. Luka 238 Lawmna 332 Lukira 72, 214–215 Lawmthanga 236, 334 Lunghnema 347 Lawngkawr/Lengker 324, 348, 352, 358 Lungkawlh 322 Lawngtlai 279–280, 363–364, 382, 410, 415 Lungleh see: Lunglei Leach, E.P. 109–110, 112 Lunglei 104, 114, 116, 121, 150–152, 163, 165, Leisen 236 169–170, 172, 184, 189–191, 193–194, Lengpui 236 214–215, 298, 382, 393, 402, 410, 420 Leta 97, 100 Lungleng 90, 124–125, 128 Lewin, T.H. 10, 24–29, 31, 153, 196 Lungpho 319 Lewin, Mrs. 196–197 Lungsen 164 Liana 182 Lurh 323, 331 Liana, C.H. 42 Lushai see: Mizo Lianbuka 193 Lushai (in Bangladesh) 324, 328, 361 Lianhleia 42 Lushai Expedition 1871–72 29–32, 59–61, Lianhnuna 99 109–112, 168–169 Lianhnuna Palian 127 Lushai Expedition 1889–90 87, 114–116, 130 Lianhrima 205 Lushai Hills see Mizoram Liani 224 Lushai Labour Company 193 Liannemin 382 (see also: World War I) Lianngura 236 Liansailova 412 McCabe, Mr. 135 Lianthuama 190, 193, 342 McCall, A.G. 11, 127, 129, 161, 200 Liantluanga, P.B. 387 McCall, Mrs. 166, 177, 200, 203 Likebo 26, 34 McDonald, A.H.R. 248 Lili 98 Madagascar 82 Lion Brigade 318, 330, 333, 335–336 Madras see: Chennai literacy 69, 87–108, 365 Mahmuam 324, 326, 329–333, 336, 339 Liverpool 410 Makthanga 151 Lloyd, J. 236, 263 Malaya 307 Lloyd, J.M. 236–237 Malsawmkimi 405 Loch, C.H. 130–131, 134, 163 Malta 192 Loharbond 70 Malsawmi 100, 286, 417 Loken Art 411 Maltby, E.M. 239 London 101, 186, 196, 410 Mandalay 385–386, 393, 410 Lorrain, J.H. 45, 47–48, 51, 63–66, 74, 81, 85, Mangshelvunga 104 118–119, 137–138, 153, 156, 182, 189, 196 Manipur 8, 13, 74, 78, 191, 202, 223–224, 233, Lorrain, Mabel 153, 156 245–246, 250, 281, 303, 362, 373–374, Lorrain, Maud 66, 85, 160, 240, 244 390–391, 407, 410, 414–416

469

Index

Manipur Labour Corps 196 Mizo Common People’s Union 252 Mankhaia 62 Mizokhua 75, 77 Manliana 106 Mizoram 5–6, 8–9, 25, 275–287, 359–375 Manliana, C. 400 Mizoram Accord 353 map 109 Mizoram Home Guards 390 Mara 8–9, 21, 26–27, 35, 37–38, 62, 72–73, 91, Mizoram War of Independence 10, 304–358, 94, 141, 153, 169, 185, 202, 240–243, 388–390, 402–404, 409, 417 258–259, 271–272, 308, 359, 362–366, 374 Mizoram Wrestling Association 281 Mara Evangelical Church 85 Mokokchung 391 Mark, F. 242 Monchy-au-Bois 192–193 Mark, L. 242–243 Moreh 416 Mark, M. 242 Morse 161 Mark, S. 242 motorcycle 227–229 market see: economy mouth organ 37–39 Marma 114 Mro, Mru 21, 31, 35, 342 Marseilles 192 Mualvum 307 Marwar 138 Muana, L.T. 294 Matu 154, 185 Muana, V.L.T. 324, 326, 329, 342 Maubuang 127–128 Muankungi 393 mautam see: famine Muanzova 420 Mawia 100 Muka 106 Medhi, B. 256 Mukherjee, S.P. 361 Meghalaya 21, 97, 138, 154, 162 Mumbai 192 see also: (Shillong) Murari Chand College 97 Melody, R. 205 music 37–44, 379–396 memorial stone 60, 62, 197–198, 212–215, 338 Muslim 139, 169 Mendus, E.L. 106, 203 Myanmar see: Burma Mendus, G. 106, 203 Mesopotamia 194–195 Naga 11–12, 264, 304, 324, 408, 412 Meyakaba 412 Naga hills 3–4, 181, 264 Mills, J.P. 21 Nagaland 138, 202, 264, 304, 307, 324, 391 Mim Kut 276 Nagaon 312 Mission Veng, Aizawl 65, 275 Nath, S. 389 missionaries 12, 47, 63–86, 87–108, 118–120, native interpreter 87–88, 98, 123, 175 154–159, 184, 218, 235–244, 263–264 Nehru, J. 259–264, 267, 272–273 (see also: Christianity) Nepal 61, 82, 87–88, 138–139 (see also: Gurkha) mithan, mithun see: gayal New Delhi see: Delhi Mitthikhua 75, 77 New Year 13, 41–42, 212, 219–222, 225, 228, Mizo 6–9, 21, 27, 30, 35, 37, 107, 303, 361 336, 421 Mizo Chanchin Laishuih 69 Newland, A.G.E. 11 Mizo Cultural Society 302 Ngaizel 208 Mizo High School 217–218 Ngura 177, 411 Mizo leh Vai 69, 94, 171, 174 Ngura, C.H. 204 Mizo National Army (MNA) 304–358, 403 Ngurbiakvela 214 Mizo National Front (MNF) 302, 304–358, Ngurchhuana 236 374, 384, 402 Ngurliana Sailo 343 Mizo National Famine Front 302 Ngursailova Sailo 343 Mizo National Volunteers 304, 319 Niblett, L.H. 234 Mizo Sawrkar 304, 318 Non-Cooperation Movement 50, 288 Mizo theology 278 Nui 98 Mizo Union 74, 248–251, 257 Nunsangi 415

470

Index

Nunthuanga 347 photography 9–19, 23–24, 53, 58, nursing 55, 98, 103–105 193, 212–229, 313–315, 325, Nuthall, General 111 410, 419–423 Phullen 235, 319 Operation Jericho 304 Phulpui 382 Owen, O.W. 238 Pi Hruaii see: Evans, G. Pi Teii see: Roberts, G.R. Pachang 164 Pi Zaii see: Hughes, K. Pachhunga 203 Pillay, S. 301 Pachuau, J. 83 Pinney, C. 15 Pahlira, C. 301 pipe 27, 30 Paite 8, 19–20, 30, 270, 362 Playfair, A. 138, 191 Pajau 347 Poi see: Lai Pakhoma 33–34, 283 Poiboi 111 Pakistan 6, 233–234, 245–246, 250, 304, 339, Port Said 192 341, 343 (see also: East Pakistan) Porteous, A. 120, 123 Pakunga 137, 289 Pradhan, R.D. 353 Pakunga Chawngthu 181 Presbyterians 65–66, 85, 237–239, 275 Palestine 218 (see also: Christianity) Palian, L. 127 printing press 69–70 Pang 365 (see also: Pangkhua) prison 312–313 Pangkhua 8, 27–28, 35, 328–329, 341 proclamation of annexation 5 Pari see: Parthanchhumi Pu Pawla 75, 77 Paris 101, 192 puanchei 54 Parliana 335 Pukpui 420 Parmawii 416 Pukzing 32, 71 Parry, Mrs. 128 Puma Zai 70 Parry, N.E. 11, 128, 201 Pune 410 Parthanchhumi 399–400 punitive expedition 5 (see also: Lushai Expedition Parva 358 1871–72; Lushai Expedition 1889–90) Partition 233, 245–252 Punjab 61 Pasena 106, 203 Punjabi 147 Pathai 416 Pathian 64, 69, 83 R.L.P. Mobile Studio 421 Patkai range 19 radio 43, 71, 388, 393 Patna 43 Rahman, S.L. 258 Paul, apostle 192 raid 27, 29, 36, 113–114, 121–122, 298 Pawi see: Lai Rakhine State see: Arakan Pawi-Lakher Regional Council 258–259, 299, Ralduha 128 362–363 Ralkhuma 335 Pawi, K. 127 Ralliantawna 335 Pawl Kut 276 Ralngama 106 Pazika 176 Ralte 19 Pear’s Soap 182 Ralte, B. 128 Peru 15 Ram, Lalla 43 Peters, L. L. 127, 170, 234–235, 249, 253–255 Ramchandra, N. 198 Phaipui 78 Ramchhana 334 Phaisama 74 Rammawii 415 Phawngpui 323 Rangamati 97, 151, 183–184, 334, 337, 410 Philadelphia 102, 410 Rami 331 Philippines 270, 379 Ramthanmawia 393 photo studio 22, 58, 102, 334, 410–421 Rangoon 393

471

Index

RAW 350 Saia 179 Rawat, Maj-Gen. 310 Saichal 323 Rawna, V.L. 347 Saichhunga 387 Reang, Riang 324 (see also: Bru) Saiha 393, 410, 416 Red Sea 192 Saihlupuii 286 Reddy, S.N. 271 Saihnuna 348 refugee 36, 367–369 Saikao 66, 85, 104, 118, 151, 153–154, 240–243 Reid, Lady 127, 203 Saikhuma 384 Reid, R. 127, 129, 201 Saikia, H. 357 Reiek 128–129 Sailam 235 religion 59–86, 276 Sailo 121, 123 Republic Day 267–270, 272 Sailo, K. see: Khamliana Sailo rhinoceros 148, 183–185 Sailo, Lalbika, see: Lalbika Sailo Riangtlei 236 Sailo, Lalbuanga see: Lalbuanga Sailo Riebeck, E. 11, 33–34, 283 Sailo, Laldula see: Laldula Sailo Rih Lake 75, 77 Sailo, Lalluaia see: Lalluaia Sailo Rihlipui Nghaka 392 Sailo, Lalsailova see: Lalsailova Sailo river 148–154 Sailo, Lalsaingura see: Lalsaingura Sailo road 145–167, 206–208, 223–227 Sailo, Lalsangzuali see: Lalsangzuali Sailo Roberts, G.R. 236, 239, 263 Sailo, Lathawvenga see: Lalthawvenga Sailo Roberts, W. 128 Sailo, Lalziki see: Lalziki Sailo Rodanga 193 Sailo, N. 255 Rohmingliana 405 Sailo, Ngurliana Sailo see: Ngurliana Sailo Rohmingthanga, P. 14 Sailo, Ngursailova Sailo see: Ngursailova Sailo Roisel 196 Sailo, R. 100 Rokhuma 106 Sailo, S. 127 Rokhuma, C. 300–301 Sailo, Thangkima 53 Rokunga 44, 304, 382 Sailo, Thanzama 127 Rokunga, B. 58 Sailo, Thenphunga 97, 211 Rokungi 176 Sailo, Z. 382 Roman Catholics 66, 74 (see also: Christianity) Sailothangi 419–420 Roman Francisco 379 Sainghinga 189–198, 203, 259, 361 Rosanga 223, 225 Saipawla 146 Rosema 237 Sairang 104, 130–131, 148, 160–162, 169, 310 Rothangpuia 32, 214–215 Saizahawla 318 Rotlang 39, 76, 370 Saizawna 412 Rowlands, E. 85 Sajek 328, 348 Roy, B.D. 301 sakhua 83–84 Roy, B.M. 203 Salai Tawna 392 Roy, B.W. 259 salt 122, 168, 170, 179 Rozama 293 Salvation Army 66, 74, 216, 420 Rualchhina 349 (see also: Christianity) Rualkhuma 106, 193 Samang Tlang 185 Ruantlang 62, 310 Samoa 82 Ruata 405 Sangi 331 rubber 168, 174–175 Sangkhuma 203, 326 Ruia Sailo see: Sailo, R. Sangliana 337 Rulpuihlim 319 Sangthuami 156 Ruma 324, 358 Santal 154, 160, 178 Run 323–324, 326 sap 37, 154 Runtung 147 Sapbawia, F. 44, 398 Rustomji, N.K. 234–235, 256 Sapchhawna 335

472

Index

saphun 83–84, 362 Solomon Islands 82 Satan 75, 77 source criticism 18, 22 Savidge, F.W. 63, 66, 74, 85, 89, 119, 123, 134, South Africa 307 137–138, 147, 158–159, 179 South Vietnam 307, 313 Sawmvela family 319 Southeast Asia 409 school 87–108, 141, 217–218, 365 Sriram 183 Scotland 85 (see also: Great Britain) stockade 116–117, 130 second gaze 22 Strange, O. 292, 293 Second World War see: World War II Student Christian Movement 238 Secunderabad 205 Suaka, M. 49, 52, 57, 90, 128, 173 sedan chair 159–160 Suakchhunga 315 Seitana 75, 77 Suakhnuna 176 Seling 236, 352 Suakkunga 53 Selluaia 289 Suakpuilala 129 Sena 82, 194 Sudden Muanga 293–294 Sena Sailo 127 Sunday School 48, 70–72, 94, 106 Serampore 108 Superintendent 49, 52, 90, 103, 119–123, Serchhip 87, 393 127–129, 133, 135–136, 142–143, 164, Serkawn 48, 50–51, 56, 65–66, 69, 72, 85, 89, 170, 173–177, 199–201, 218, 234–235, 93–96, 105, 151, 153, 162, 179, 193, 239 246, 248–249, 253–257 Serkawr see: Saikao surveyor 109, 111, 114, 147–148 Seth, G.P. 203 Susawng 354 Shakespear, J. 11, 121 Swadeshi movement 50 Shakespear, Mrs. 128 Sylhet 43, 69, 97, 108, 122, 410 Shakespear, W.B. 128 Shanti Bahini 350, 369 Tahan 280–281, 392–393, 410 Sharma, G. 307 Taiawra 82 Shena 194 Taikhuma Khiangte 127 Shendu see: Mara Taikhuma 235 Shillong 56, 97–98, 100, 108, 133, 151, 205, 222, Taishena 78 253, 256, 289–290, 379, 388, 410, 412–413 Taite Hmar Durkanga 224 shrine 60–61, 63 Taitesena 318 Sialhau 324 Taiwan 82 Sialsir 236, 319 Taj Mahal 417–419 Sialsuk 192, 293, 382 Takam see: Chakma Siama 392 Tanhril 236 Sihfa 81, 156, 367 Tawia 193 Sikh 61, 139 Tawnenga 58 Sikkim 11 Tawnluia 337 Silchar 97, 130, 148, 165, 176–177, 183–184, taxation 121–122, 126, 141, 171, 191 192, 289, 292, 410 Teachers’ Day 280 Siliana 236 Tedim 8 Sino Costelo see: Chawngthu, P.S. Teen Murti Bhavan 267 Sino-Tibetan language family 8, 21, 365 Thado 8 Sirtay, Sirte 113 Thailand 82 Sittwe 153 Thakthing 193 Sixth Schedule 258 Thakunga 326 Skula 100 Thana 236 skull 60–63 Thanbuangi 397, 399 slavery 126–128 Thanchhumi 219 Smith, J.T. 239 Thanga 64, 81, 97, 193 Sol-fa 94 Thanghleia 106

473

Index

Thanghlianga 193–194 Tipaimukh 109–110, 169 Thanghngilhlova, C. 41 tiger 158–159, 183–185 Thanghniangi 192 Tipperaghat 369 Thanghuiha 326 Tipra 114 Thangkhuma 58, 342 Tlabung (Demagiri) 33, 97, 104, 113–114, Thangkima Sailo see: Sailo, Thangkima 150–152, 169–170, 203, 298, 369, 371, 375 Thangkipleia 259 Tlangbawia 225–226 Thangliana see: Lewin, T.H. Tlangchatte 342 Thangliana, D. 346 Tlanglau 259 Thangliani 263, 272 Tlanglianchhuma 255 Thangluaia 393 tlawmngaihna 64 Thangnghilhlova 97 Tlawng river 129–131, 148–150, 161, 169 Thangphunga 49, 90 Tluanga, L.B. 342 Thangpuia 53 Tochhawng, L. 58 Thangrehlova 335 Tongchangya 365 Thangridima 58 Total Defence Scheme 202 Thangrikhuma 292 touring 62, 67, 70, 81–82, 122–124, 143, 147, Thangsailova 291 154–159, 164–165, 202 Thangvela 393 trade 36, 114, 129, 168–188 Thangzaliana 236 transport 145–167, 206–208 Thangzama, V. 238 tribal 266–274, 276–277, 282, 283–288, 356– Thangzanga 100 357, 394–395, 409, 422 Thangzela 337, 343 Tripura 13, 122, 233, 245–246, 303, 324, 332, Thangzuala 100 372–373 Thankhuma 347 Troubles, The see: Mizoram War of Thankhumi 219 Independence Thankima 349 Tuaha 82 Thankunga 79 Tuichawng river 149 Thanpuii 402 Tuikuk see: Bru Thanruma 176 Tuila 387 Thansanga 236 Tui-phai river 115 Thansiami 219 Tuipuibari 358 Thansira 106 Tuirial 169, 194 Thanthuama 176 Tukalh 235 Thantluangi 382 Tuvalu 82 Thanzama 127, 193 Twekam 25, 34 Thanzauva 193 Thanzawna, R.L. 389 ukulele 40, 42 Thanzuala 384 unadministered areas 118, 141 Thawngliana 104 Union Jack 200 Thawngnova 392 Union Territory 359–361, 389 Thenphunga Sailo see: Sailo, Thenphunga United Kingdom see: Great Britain theology 103–104 United Mizo Freedom Organisation Theiriat 189, 193, 196, 223 (UMFO) 248 Thianga, K. 106 United States 13, 15, 101, 304, 410 Thiltlang 193 (see also: America) Thingdawl 342 Thingsulthliah 311 vai 36–37, 50, 56, 382 Thuama 51 Vaikhawla 82 Tinghmun 236 Vairengte 309, 312 Tington 29, 34 vakiria 283–286 Tinsangi 331 vakul 126, 267

474

Index

Vala 236 World War, Second 155, 164–166, 199–211, Vana 236 223, 247, 288, 379 Vanapa 318, 335 wrestling 280–281 Vanchengpui 319 Vanchhunga 236 Young Men’s Buddhist Association (YMBA) 247 Vanchungsanga 346 Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Vandingliana 384 196, 247 Vanghmun 410 Young Lushai Association (YLA) see: Young Vangpui Kut 281–282 Mizo Association Vanhlupuii 220 Young Mizo Association (YMA) 247–248 Vanhnuaia 32, 114 Young Wales Association (YWA) 247 Vanhnuailiana 60 Yunnan 168, 346–347 Vanhoiya see: Vanhnuaia Vankhama 40, 58, 419 Zaikungi, R. 205 Vanlallawma 414 Zakapa 176–177 Vanlalmuana 342 Zakhuma 400 Vanlalruati 384 Zalenna, Zalenna Thuchah 304 Vanlalzika 331 Zama, K.T. 57, 421 Vanlawma 74 Zamawia 328 Vanphunga 176 Zampui Manga 318 Vanrikhuma 384 Zara 392 Vantluangi, Z.D. 420 Zarkawt 227, 315 Varanasi 43 Zataia 58 Varhpui 385 Zatawnluia 58 Varkhuma 334 Zathanga 193 Vawmbuk 62 zawlbuk 75, 87, 106, 247 Venghnuai 44, 80, 216, 222 Zawlmanga 106 Veterinary College 97 Zhou Enlai 345 vernacular photography 12–14, 422–423 Ziri 415 violin 40, 57 Zirsangzela Hnamte see: Hnamte, Zirsangzela Zo 6–9, 20, 107, 233 Williams, W. 63 Zobiakvela, J. 387 Victoria, Queen 90, 124 Zo-fate, Zofate 7–8, 20–21, 107, 233, 303, Village Grouping Scheme see: forced 361, 363 resettlement Zohmingi 331 visual anthropology 15–17 Zo-hnahthlak 8, 303, 328, 361 visual media 23 Zokhuma 42, 226 visual sources 9–19 Zokunga, J. 382 visual studies 15–17 Zoliana Sailo see: Sailo, Z. Vulluaia, C. 220 Zomi 6, 8, 19 Wales 12, 41, 66, 82, 128 (see also: Great Britain) Zonunsanga 420 War see: Lushai Expedition 1871–72; Lushai Zoramliana 354 Expedition 1889–90; World War I; Zorampela, T. 385, 393 World War II; Mizoram War of Zoramthanga 345, 349, 354, 404, 406 Independence. Zosap see: missionaries War Committee 202–203 Zote 193 weaving 34, 45, 54, 56, 177 Zothana 392 wedding 79–80, 331 Zotlang 97 Williams, H.M. 235 Zou 8, 19 Woodthorpe, R.G. 11, 29–30, 38, 46, 60–61, 172 Zuithanga, L. 205 World War, First 180, 186, 189–198, 361 Zuluma 106

475