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Report of the 45Th Session of GESAMP, Rome, Italy, 17-20 September 2018

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Report of the 45Th Session of GESAMP, Rome, Italy, 17-20 September 2018 100 REPORT OF THE 45th SESSION OF GESAMP Rome, Italy, 17 to 20 September 2018 REPORTS AND STUDIES REPORTS AND STUDIES 100 IMO FAO UNESCO-IOC WMO UNIDO IAEA UN Environment UNDP REPORT OF THE 45th SESSION OF GESAMP STUDIES Rome, Italy, 17 to 20 September 2018 AND REPORTS The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition.” Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. Published by The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy Cover photograph: Lungomare Pontino, Borgo Grappa, Lazio, Italy. ISSN: 1020-4873 Notes GESAMP is an advisory body consisting of specialized experts nominated by the Sponsoring Agencies (IMO, FAO, UNESCO-IOC, UNIDO, WMO, IAEA, UN, UN Environment, UNDP). Its principal task is to provide scientific advice concerning the prevention, reduction and control of the degradation of the marine environment to the Sponsoring Agencies. The report contains views expressed or endorsed by members of GESAMP who act in their individual capacities; their views may not necessarily correspond with those of the Sponsoring Agencies. Permission may be granted by any of the Sponsoring Agencies for the report to be wholly or partially reproduced in publication by any individual who is not a staff member of a Sponsoring Agency of GESAMP, provided that the source of the extract and the condition mentioned above are indicated. Information about GESAMP and its reports and studies can be found at: http://gesamp.org ISSN 1020-4873 (GESAMP Reports & Studies Series) Copyright © IMO, FAO, UNESCO-IOC, UNIDO, WMO, IAEA, UN, UN Environment, UNDP, 2019 For bibliographic purposes this document should be cited as: GESAMP (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/UNIDO/WMO/IAEA/UN/UN Environment/UNDP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection), 2019. Report of the forty-fifth session of GESAMP, Rome, Italy, 17-20 September 2018. Rep. Stud. GESAMP No. 100. 70 p. Rome, FAO. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ v 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 1 Adoption of the agenda ................................................................................................................................ 1 2 REPORT OF THE CHAIR OF GESAMP ...................................................................................................... 1 GESAMP and the wider community ............................................................................................................. 1 3 REPORT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE SECRETARY OF GESAMP ........................................................... 2 Outcome of the meeting of the Executive Committee of GESAMP (ExCom) .............................................. 2 Activities and achievements of the Sponsoring Organizations of GESAMP since its last session .............. 2 4 PLANNING OF GESAMP ACTIVIES ........................................................................................................... 2 4.1 Evaluation of the hazards of harmful substances carried by ships (WG 1) ....................................... 2 4.2 Review of applications for “active substances” to be used in Ballast Water Management systems (WG 34)................................................................................................................................ 5 4.3 Atmospheric input of chemicals to the ocean (WG 38) ...................................................................... 6 4.4 Establishment of trends in global pollution in coastal environments (WG 39 .................................... 7 4.5 Sources, fate and effects of plastics and microplastics in the marine environment (WG 40) ............ 8 4.6 Marine geoengineering (WG 41) ........................................................................................................ 9 4.7 Impacts of wastes and other matter in the marine environment from mining operations, including marine mineral mining (WG 42) ........................................................................................ 10 5 CONTRIBUTION TO OTHER UN PROCESSES ..................................................................................... 11 The UN Regular Process ........................................................................................................................... 11 The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ........ 12 The United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development .......................................... 12 Presentations by Observers ....................................................................................................................... 13 6 IDENTIFICATION OF NEW AND EMERGING ISSUES ............................................................................ 14 The Pacific Ocean Clean-up ...................................................................................................................... 14 Impact of armed conflict on the marine environment ................................................................................. 14 Sea based sources of marine litter including fishing gear and other shipping related litter ....................... 15 7 SCOPING ACTIVITIES .............................................................................................................................. 15 Relevance of inputs of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) into the marine environment ............................... 15 Impacts of residues of chronic oil spills ...................................................................................................... 16 Causes and impacts of massive accumulations of the brown macro-algae Sargassum in the nearshore environment of the Caribbean and West Africa .............................................................. 16 Issue of emerging pollutants in pharmaceutical waste and other novelty chemicals ................................. 16 Sand and gravel mining .............................................................................................................................. 16 Update the Information on Sources of the Main Pollutants Impacting the Global Marine Environment (The 80:20 Conundrum) ........................................................................................................ 16 GESAMP Report and Studies No. 100 REPORT OF THE 45th SESSION OF GESAMP · iii 8 GESAMP SIDE EVENT .............................................................................................................................
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