Presented by: Michael Goodheart, MD Topics to Review:

• Risk factors

• Symptoms

• Diagnosis and Treatment

• Prevention

What are gynecologic ?

There are five types of gynecologic cancers:

• Cervical • Ovarian • Uterine • Vaginal • Vulvar

Cervical

In 2013, about 12,340 women will be diagnosed with

Good news: Very preventable High cure rate with early diagnosis is available

Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer

• HPV infection • Smoking • A suppressed • Infections with STDs • Multiple sexual partners • Early age at first sexual encounter

HPV Infections and Cervical Cancer

Many cervical cancers are caused by the human , or HPV.

• Most sexually active men and women will be infected with HPV at some time in their life

• All females and males between the ages of 11 and 26 are eligible for the HPV vaccine – –

Symptoms of Cervical Cancer

• between periods

• Bleeding after

• Low back pain

Diagnosis/Treatment of Cervical Cancer

Diagnosis: • • •

Treatment: • Hysterectomy-radical with removal by a GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGIST • Radiation with

Prevention of Cervical Cancer

• HPV vaccine • Discretion….. • Continued routine Gyn care

Uterine Cancer

In 2013, about 49,500 women will be diagnosed with

Good news: Highly curable when detected early

Uterine Cancer Symptoms

• after menopause • Bleeding between periods • Abnormal, watery or blood-tinged discharge

Diagnosis/Treatment of Uterine Cancer

Diagnosis: • Pelvic exam • Biopsy from the uterus

Treatment: • by a GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGIST!! • Hormone treatment • Radiation sometimes with chemotherapy

Prevention of Uterine Cancer

• Do not ignore bleeding after menopause

• Testing for Lynch syndrome – Family history of colon cancer – Family history of uterine cancer

Vaginal &

In 2013, about 2,890 women will be diagnosed with

In 2013, about 4,700 women will be diagnosed with vulvar cancer

Good news: Both are very rare cancers Both have a high cure rate when detected early

Vaginal/Vulvar Cancer Risk Factors

• Age: these cancer increases with age

• irritation

Symptoms of Vaginal or Vulvar Cancer

• Abnormal bleeding

• Unusual vaginal discharge

• Vaginal or vulvar mass

• Pelvic pain

• Vulvar irritation

• Vulvar or vaginal

Diagnosis/Treatment of Vaginal/Vulvar Cancer

Diagnosis: • Pelvic exam • Biopsy from the area

Treatment: • Surgery by a GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGIST!! • Radiation sometimes with chemotherapy

Prevention of Vaginal/Vulvar Cancer

• Do not ignore bleeding after menopause • Continue routine Gyn care

In 2013, about 20,000 women will be affected by ovarian cancer

Problems: Symptoms tend to be vague Difficult to detect in early stages

Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors

• Age: Ovarian cancer increases with age

• Genetics: Certain types of ovarian cancer can be hereditary (ie. BRCA1 & BRCA2)

• Family history: A first degree relative with ovarian cancer, increases your risk

Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

• Pelvic pain or pressure • Abdominal or back pain • Bloating • Loss of appetite or feeling full quickly • Changes in bowel or bladder habits • Sudden weight gain or loss • Constant fatigue • Persistent indigestion or nausea

Diagnosis/Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

Diagnosis: • Pelvic exam • Blood work • CT scan or ultrasound

Treatment: • Surgery by a GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGIST!! • Chemotherapy

Prevention of Ovarian Cancer

• Removal of tubes and in BRCA carriers

Am I feeling normal?

Gynecologic cancer symptoms aren’t always specific to your reproductive system.

Be alert for: • Chronic or severe fatigue • Sudden weight gain or loss • Fever • Pain • GI problems

If you remember only a few things from tonight…

• Many of the symptoms of gynecologic cancers are vague • Many of these symptoms are also present in much less serious conditions • Many of these symptoms are easy for a busy woman to ignore • Many of these symptoms can be investigated by your friendly Gynecologist

Thank you! www.uihealthcare.org/womenshealth

UI Women’s Health Center: 319-356-2294 Iowa River Landing: 319-467-2000