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Factors Affecting the Performance of the Head of the Liang State Government of Salahutu District Central Maluku District

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Factors Affecting the Performance of the Head of the Liang State Government of Salahutu District Central Maluku District International Research Journal of Management, IT & Social Sciences Available online at https://sloap.org/journals/index.php/irjmis/ Vol. 8 No. 2, March 2021, pages: 175-183 ISSN: 2395-7492 https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v8n2.1400 Factors Affecting the Performance of the Head of the Liang State Government of Salahutu District Central Maluku District Judy de Fretes a Nurainy Latuconsina b Atikah Khairunissa c Article history: Abstract The problem that occurs in the implementation of the state government is that Submitted: 27 January 2021 the implementation of development policies has not been able to run optimally Revised: 18 February 2021 because of the state's change. Conflict in the head of the king's election, which Accepted: 09 March 2021 has resulted in no country government heads being elected directly and becoming the definitive leader. Qualitative research methods are used to make direct observations in the field. The research results show that there is a lack of evaluation from the local government so that the problem of the emptiness Keywords: of the king is not only in Liang Country but also in other customary countries electoral conflict; in Central Maluku district. The implementation runs optimally because the government performance; head of state officials carrying out their duties properly and planning the public administration; country's development involves the community to participate actively. International research journal of management, IT and social sciences © 2021. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Corresponding author: Judy de Fretes Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia, Email address: [email protected] a Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia. b Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] c Universitas Pattimura, Indonesia. Email: [email protected] 175 176 ISSN: 2395-7492 1 Introduction In general, in Indonesia, a village (or what is called by another name according to the local language) can be the smallest area managed formally and independently by community groups living in it with mutually agreed-upon rules to create order. Happiness and mutual welfare are considered the collective right and responsibility of this community group. Centralization politics was felt during the 70s, when the strategic political policies that were rolled out (regulations in the form of regional government laws) uniformed governance in rural areas, including the designation and system of "villages" known in Java. It is different from many regions in Indonesia that use a conventional system that still recognizes the Nagari, village, hamlet, country system, and so on, complete with governance procedures and authority and power. Uniformity, as referred to above, is intended more as a strategy to avoid the nation's disintegration; this is a crime because slowly, this condition has eliminated the cultural richness of the Indonesian people who have lived and developed amid our society (Daniels & Al-Jumaily, 1975; Sawacha et al., 1999; Iyer & Jha, 2005). The enactment of Law Number 5 of 1979 concerning Village Government states in Article 1 letter a that: "A village is an area occupied by several residents as a community unit including a legal community unit which has the lowest government organization directly under sub-district the and has the right to manage its household within the ties of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia." Has eliminated the concept of a country for a customary law community unit in Maluku because, in Law Number 5 of 1979, there is no other mention of the village. Issued Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government and Government Regulation Number 72 of 2005 concerning Villages, stipulating a Village or what is referred to by another name, is a standard community unit that has territorial borders, is authorized to regulate and manage the interests of the local community based on origin. Local proposals and customs are recognized and respected in the Government system of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and are located in a Regency/City. This refers to Article 18B of the 1945 Constitution (after being amended), which rests on regulating the village, namely diversity, participation, genuine autonomy, democracy, and community empowerment. Even though they experienced ups and downs as a result of government policies implemented in the past, indigenous peoples in Ambon Island and Central Maluku Regency still encounter or still reflect traditional values, including 1) Indigenous countries still have customary institutions such as Saniri, Soa, Kwang, Marino, and so on; 2) Having a petulant area; 3) Has traditional symbols, namely Baileo (Traditional House), Batu Pamale; 4) Conducting traditional ceremonies and events; 5) Still using indigenous or land languages in traditional ceremonies and formal meetings. Customary communities or known as customary law community units and their governmental apparatus, have been around for a long time, have lived and developed, and are maintained in the community's social order. The alliance of customary law communities in Maluku has long been very influential in various aspects, including governance, economy, management and control of natural resources, etc. Especially in Maluku, the village's mention is known by several terms, including in Central Maluku Regency, it is known as country, while in the Kei Islands, it is known as Ohio. State Administration is a sub-system of national government within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, which has the authority to regulate and manage its people's interests. In customary lands, those who can become Kings come from Soa Parentah (Order) and cannot be taken from other SOA. This then caused unrest among indigenous peoples in Central Maluku Regency because the King's candidate's selection and determination were only for individual citizens. State children who are competent and can become King must be eliminated and do not have the competence opportunity to become number one in their country. Each SOA consists of several clans, but not all of these clans have the right to become a king and those clans who later claimed to each other that they were descendants of the King and had the right to become Kings (Carleton et al., 2001; Ghazvini & Khajehpour, 2011; Atuahene-Gima, 1996). Moreover, the weakness in Maluku, especially in Central Maluku, is that the recognition given to a specific person or clan to become King is not accommodated or stipulated in a regulation that has permanent legal force. This recognition is only known through the history that is told (History of Tutor, conveyed or told by word of mouth by a person to their descendants from generation to generation, the existence of community recognition, and evidence of traditional symbols owned). This history is conveyed by the Elders (elders, traditional elders, people who are respected, people who know their country's legal history). The reality is that many customary countries in Central Maluku Regency do not yet have a definitive Head of State Government. At the same time, the Regional Government of Central Maluku Regency has issued Regional Regulation Number 03 of 2006 concerning Procedures for Determining and Election of Heads of State Government. In this Regional Regulation, the procedures and mechanisms for nominating, electing, and inaugurating the Head of the State IRJMIS Vol. 8 No. 2, March 2021, pages: 175-183 IRJMIS ISSN: 2395-7492 177 Government shall regulate without neglecting the principles of customary law and the prevailing laws and regulations. Meanwhile, the wheels of government must run so that to fill the void of the leadership of the Head of the State Government (King), the local government will appoint and appoint the people chosen to become the Acting Head of the State Government (Acting King). The Acting Head of the State Government carries out the duties, powers, and obligations and obtains the same rights as the State Government Head. The Acting Head of the State Government who fills the Head of the State Government's vacancy in carrying out his duties must prioritize the election of the Head of the State Government Definitively, according to the time limit, which is only six months. Moreover, at the time of the inauguration, the Regent also advised the officials to select the Definitive King. Besides carrying out other duties as Acting Head of government, which is temporary, as happened realistically, it shows that most of the officers cannot process the Definitive King's nomination and election. There are even countries that officials have led for more than 10 to 30 years. Even one person became an official in two countries, one of which was Liang and Tulehu. As one of the indigenous countries, Liang Country does not yet have a definitive Head of Government, so the Acting Head of Government leads Liang Country. This has been going on for about 20 years. Even from 2015 to 2018, country Liang was led by Acting Hasanres Lestaluhu whom the Regent also appointed to serve as Acting Head of the Tulehu State Government. Although it did not last long, it lasted for about seven months. This then became a question for many people, including the people of Liang Country, "The question is, is the Central Government in crisis human resources so that it has to keep Lestaluhu as the office even though it has failed and is given the authority to lead two customary countries in Salahutu? Do not let the position be oriented only to village fund projects." 2 Materials and Methods Qualitative methodology is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in written and spoken words from people and observable behavior. The data collected results from the field were obtained through primary data collection such as observation, interviews, literature study, and secondary data collection such as supporting data obtained from existing archives/documents or written literature closely related to the research title (Bogdan et al., 1975; Flick, 2013; Willig & Rogers, 2017).
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