Shaping the Future : Military and Veteran Health Research / Edited by Alice B
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Shaping the Future: Military and Veteran Health Research Edited By Alice B. Aiken and Stéphanie A.H. Bélanger Copyright © 2011 Her Majesty the Queen, in right of Canada as represented by the Minister of National Defence. Canadian Defence Academy Press PO Box 17000 Stn Forces Kingston, Ontario K7K 7B4 Produced for the Canadian Defence Academy Press by 17 Wing Winnipeg Publishing Office. WPO30607 Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Shaping the future : military and veteran health research / edited by Alice B. Aiken and Stéphanie A.H. Bélanger. Issued by: Canadian Defence Academy. Available also on the Internet. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-100-19408-0 (bound) ISBN 978-1-100-19409-7 (pbk.) Cat. no.: D2-287/1-2011E (bound) Cat. no.: D2-287/2-2011E (pbk.) 1. Veterans--Services for--Canada--Congresses. 2. Veterans--Health and hygiene--Canada--Congresses. 3. Veterans--Medical care--Canada--Congresses. 4. Soldiers--Services for--Canada--Congresses. 5. Soldiers--Health and hygiene --Congresses. 6. Soldiers--Medical care--Canada--Congresses. I. Bélanger, Stéphanie A. H., 1972- II. Aiken, Alice B., 1965- III. Canadian Defence Academy IV. Title: Shaping the future : military and veteran health research. U22 M54 2010 174’.9355 C2010-980188-1 Printed in Canada. 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This volume was created in recognition of the extent of research that exists to benefit military personnel, veterans and their families. Through this collection of proceedings a diversity of research areas are explored and new ideas are generated. Congratulations and thank you to each author. The researchers who contributed to this volume were part of the Military and Veteran Health Research (MVHR) Forum that took place in November 2010, hosted by Queen’s University and the Royal Military College of Canada. This Forum was a stepping stone to launch the Canadian Institute for Military and Veteran Health Research (CIMVHR). This volume is one of the many ways CIMVHR is connecting researchers, government stakeholders, and, most importantly, the beneficiaries through knowledge exchange while also working towards our mission: to optimize the health and well-being of Canadian military personnel, veterans and their families by harnessing and mobilizing the national capacity for high-impact research, knowledge creation and knowledge exchange. A special thank you is extended to our government stakeholders, especially the Canadian Forces Surgeon General, Commodore Hans Jung, Veterans Affairs Canada Director of the Research Directorate, Dr. David Pedlar, the Director of the Defence Security and Research Institute, Dr. Jacques Lavigne, and the scientists of Defence Research Development Canada. Without your support this volume would not have been possible to create. The Editors would also like to thank the co-chairs of the CIMVHR Implementation Committee; Susan Marlin, Assistant Vice Principal Research at Queen’s University, and Brigadier-General (Ret’d) William Richard who have dedicated endless hours to the development of CIMVHR, the MVHR Forum and engaging the Canadian community. Many aspects of this project would not have been possible without the support of Queen’s University, Principal Daniel Wolfe and Dr. Steven Liss, Vice-Principal Research, as well as of the Royal Military College of Canada, Principal Joel Sokolsky and Dr. Jean Fugère, Vice-Principal Research. We would also like to acknowledge the support and patience of our 18 peer reviewers; Dr. Allan English, Department of History, Queen’s University; Dr. Michael Greenwood, Department of Chemistry, Royal Military College of Canada; Dr. Dianne Groll, Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University; Dr. Kate Harkness, Department of Psychology, Queen’s University; Dr. Cheryl King Van-Vlack, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University; Dr. Joy Klammer, Department of Military Psychology and Leadership, Royal Military College of Canada; Dr. Mélanie Lavoie-Tremblay, School of Nursing, McGill University; Dr. Christian Leuprecht, Department of Politics and Economics, Royal Military College of Canada; Dr. Bob Martyn, Fellow, Queen's Centre for International and Defence Policy; Dr. Mary Ann McColl, Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, Queen’s University; Dr. Bradford McFadyen, Centre CIMVHR • ICRSMV • i CIMVHR Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Réadaptation et Intégration Sociale (CIRRIS), Laval University; Dr. Candice Monson, School of Psychology, Ryerson University; Dr. Richard Morchat, Defence Security and Research Institute, Royal Military College of Canada; Dr. Eric Ouellet, Sociology, Canadian Forces College; Dr. Lucie Pelland, School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen’s University; Dr. Caroline Pukall, Department of Psychology, Queen’s University; Dr. Heidi Sviestrup, School of Occupational Therapy, University of Ottawa; and Dr. Elizabeth Taylor, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta. The opportunity to create a volume such as this simply would not exist without the leadership and logistical support of the Canadian Defence Academy (CDA) Press, particularly the CDA Press Program Manager, Mélanie Denis. Colonel Bernd Horn is keenly aware of the importance of providing an opportunity for the academic community and our military members, past and present, to exchange knowledge and share experiences. He has provided ready access to the resources of CDA Press to see this volume through to completion. We would like to thank the College Information Services section at the Royal Military College of Canada for the book editing process, with a special mention to the Information Management Services section head, Ms. France Couture and the two Graphic Artists, Mr. Terry Hutchinson and Mr. Darryl Berger, who collaborated with the production of this book. As editors, we are very proud of the final product. The copy editing and layout were handled with expertise by Michelle Moore and Lauren Hanlon, their professionalism and attention to detail have made this final product the work that it is. While any discrepancies are the sole responsibility of the co-editors, it is the combined efforts of Mélanie, Terry, Michelle and Lauren that have resulted in a volume in which we can all take great pride: thank you. Alice B. Aiken and Stéphanie A.H. Bélanger i i • CIMVHR • ICRSMV TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...........................................................................................................i Alice B. Aiken, PhD and Stéphanie A.H. Bélanger, PhD FOREWORD ....................................................................................................................................ix Hugh Segal, Senator INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................x Stéphanie A.H. Bélanger, PhD; Alice B. Aitken, PhD; Michelle Moore, MA(Cand) Lauren Hanlon, BA. CHAPTER 1 .......................................................................................................................................1 CF Surgeon General’s Keynote Address Commodore H.W. Jung, OMM, CD CHAPTER 2 ....................................................................................................................................15 Research in the Life Courses of Canadian Military Veterans and Their Families David Pedlar, PhD; James Thompson, MD SECTION 1: PHYSICAL HEALTH CHAPTER 3 ....................................................................................................................................32 Composite Tissue Allotransplantation to Treat Veterans with Complex Amputation Injuries Major Vivian McAlister; Commander Ray Kao; Major Brian Church; Lieutenant-Colonel Markus Besemann; Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Stiegelmar CHAPTER 4 ....................................................................................................................................37 Advanced Real-Time 3D Imaging, Planning and Navigation in Orthopaedic Surgery David Pichora, MD; Randy Ellis, PhD; Tim Bryant, PhD; John Rudan, MD CHAPTER 5 ....................................................................................................................................52 Potential Benefits of Interval Training for Active Military Personnel and Military Veterans Brendon Gurd, PhD; Jasmin K Ma CIMVHR • ICRSMV • i i i TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 6 ....................................................................................................................................68 Wearable Wireless Medical Devices in a Dynamic and Open Architecture Alain Beaulieu, PhD; Sandra Smith; Brittany van den Tillaart; Jenifer Lindsay CHAPTER 7 ....................................................................................................................................79 The Effect of Neck Muscle Exercise Training on Self-Reported Pain in CH-146 Griffon Helicopter Aircrew Danielle Salmon, PhD; Michael Harrison, PhD; Donald Sharpe, PhD; Darren Candow, PhD; Wayne Albert, PhD; Patrick Neary, PhD CHAPTER 8.................................................................................................................................106 Blast Exposure Induced Neurodegeneration and Changes in the Expression of Cell Surface Glutamate Receptors in the Rat Brain Yushan Wang, PhD; Tracy Weiss, PhD; Mikulas Chavko, PhD; Saleena Adeeb RichardMcCarron, PhD; Taesup Cho CHAPTER 9.................................................................................................................................119