Iain Mcarthur
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Freedom of the Press 2009
Freedom of the Press 2009 FURTHER DECLINES IN GLOBAL MEDIA INDEPENDENCE Selected data from Freedom House’s annual survey of press freedom Acknowledgments Freedom of the Press 2009 could not have been completed without the contributions of numerous Freedom House staff and consultants. The following section, entitled “The Survey Team,” contains a detailed list of writers without whose efforts this project would not have been possible. Karin Deutsch Karlekar, a senior researcher at Freedom House, served as managing editor of this year’s survey. Extensive research, editorial, and administrative assistance was provided by Denelle Burns, as well as by Sarah Cook, Tyler Roylance, Elizabeth Floyd, Joanna Perry, Joshua Siegel, Charles Liebling, and Aidan Gould. Overall guidance for the project was provided by Arch Puddington, director of research, and by Christopher Walker, director of studies. We are grateful for the insights provided by those who served on this year’s review team, including Freedom House staff members Arch Puddington, Christopher Walker, Karin Deutsch Karlekar, Sarah Cook, and Tyler Roylance. In addition, the ratings and narratives were reviewed by a number of Freedom House staff based in our overseas offices. This report also reflects the findings of the Freedom House study Freedom in the World 2009: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Statistics on internet usage were taken from www.internetworldstats.com. This project was made possible by the contributions of the Asia Vision Foundation, F. M. Kirby, Free Voice, Freedom Forum, The Hurford Foundation, John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, Lilly Endowment Inc., The Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the National Endowment for Democracy, The Nicholas B. -
ATTACKS O N T H E Press in 2009
A Worldwide Survey by the Committee to Protect Journalists ATTACKS o n t h e press in 2009 Preface by fareed zakaria Founded in 1981, the Committee to Protect Journalists responds to attacks THE COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS on the press worldwide. CPJ documents hundreds of cases every year and takes action on behalf of journalists and news organizations without board of directors regard to political ideology. To maintain its independence, CPJ accepts no government funding. CPJ is funded entirely by private contributions from Chairman Honorary Co-Chairmen executive director individuals, foundations, and corporations. Paul E. Steiger Walter Cronkite (1916-2009) Joel Simon Terry Anderson The Associated Press, Thomson Reuters, and Agence France-Presse provided news and photo services for Attacks on the Press in 2009. directors Andrew Alexander Michael Massing Associated Press Franz Allina Geraldine Fabrikant Metz Christiane Amanpour Victor Navasky Editorial Director: Bill Sweeney Dean Baquet Andres Oppenheimer Deputy Editor: Lauren Wolfe Kathleen Carroll Burl Osborne Designer: Justin Goldberg Rajiv Chandrasekaran Clarence Page Chief Copy Editor: Lew Serviss Sheila Coronel Norman Pearlstine Copy Editor and Proofreader: Shazdeh Omari Josh Friedman Ahmed Rashid Anne Garrels Dan Rather Photo credits James C. Goodale Gene Roberts Cover: Reuters/Oswaldo Rivas—Honduran police surround AP photographer Cheryl Gould María Teresa Ronderos Dario Lopez-Mills as he covers protests that followed the June presidential coup. Charlayne Hunter-Gault Sandra Mims Rowe Back cover: AP/Bullit Marquez—Protesters in Manila call for justice in the mass killings of journalists and others in Maguindanao province, Philippines. Gwen Ifill Diane Sawyer Jane Kramer David Schlesinger David Laventhol Paul C. -
Freedom of the Press 2010 Country Header Data and Narrative Reports/Bullets for Selected Countries
Freedom of the Press 2010 Country Header Data and Narrative Reports/Bullets for Selected Countries Afghanistan Status: Not Free Legal Environment: 22 Political Environment: 33 Economic Environment: 21 Total Score: 76 Survey Edition 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Total Score, Status 68,NF 69,NF 69,NF 71,NF 74,NF • Article 34 of the constitution allows for freedom of the press and of expression, but Article 130 stipulates that courts and Islamic jurists can rule on a case “in a way that attains justice in the best manner.” Several journalists have been arrested under this arbitrary clause. • A revised 2005 Press Law guarantees the right of citizens to obtain information and prohibits censorship. However, there are broad restrictions on any content that is “contrary to the principles of Islam or offensive to other religions and sects.” • A new media law passed in September 2008 contained a number of registration and content restrictions, but President Hamid Karzai has delayed its implementation, since the law would limit the executive’s control over state-run media. Because of the delay, many journalists do not know which law is in effect, causing them to practice self-censorship. • Media outlets are occasionally fined or warned for broadcasting “un-Islamic material,” resulting in self-censorship. In some cases during the year, journalists were arrested for such violations. • Parvez Kambaksh was sentenced to death for blasphemy in January 2008 after he distributed an article on Islam that he had downloaded from the internet. An appeals court reduced the sentence to a 20-year prison term in October, and the Supreme Court upheld this sentence in February 2009. -
Cuaderno De Documentacion
SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DE ECONOMÍA, MINISTERIO SECRETARÍA GENERAL DE POLÍTICA ECONÓMICA DE ECONOMÍA Y ECONOMÍA INTERNACIONAL Y HACIENDA SUBDIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE ECONOMÍA INTERNACIONAL CUADERNO DE DOCUMENTACION Número 94 ANEXO VI Alvaro Espina Vocal Asesor 12 Julio de 2011 ENTRE EL 15 DE MAYO Y EL 15 DE JUNIO DE 2011 (En sentido inverso) 1 EUROPA Y EL MUNDO ORIENTE MEDIO Una Europa desarmada ante las crisis 15 junio 2011 LIBÉRATION PARÍS Glez Partida de ajedrez entre Anders Fogh Rasmussen (jefe de la OTAN), y Bachar El-Assad (presidente sirio), con Gadafi (líder libio) interpuesto entre ambos. Implicados en Libia, los europeos descubren que no cuentan con los medios para responder a sus ambiciones. Y sin medios militares, Europa está condenada a no tener una diplomacia creíble en una región estratégica para el continente. Por este motivo, los países europeos deben poner en común sus programas de Defensa. Bernard Guetta Ha sido un estadounidense el que ha revelado el secreto. Si la mayoría de países europeos no participan, por así decirlo, en las operaciones de apoyo aéreo a la insurrección libia, cuyo principio, sin embargo, sí aprueban, se debe simplemente, tal y como declaraba hace poco [el secretario estadounidense de Defensa] Robert Gates, a que su presupuesto militar es demasiado limitado para poder hacerlo. El jefe del Pentágono lo único que decía era toda la verdad y nada más que la verdad. No sólo muchos países de la Unión prácticamente carecen de fuerzas armadas porque contaban con la protección estadounidense desde el inicio de la guerra fría y la desaparición de la amenaza soviética les ha llevado a reducir sus esfuerzos militares, sino que incluso las grandes potencias europeas, incluidas Londres y París, cuentan con capacidades de proyección extremadamente limitadas. -
Iain Mcarthur
IAIN MCARTHUR Forensic Audio and Video Telephone: 01235 774870 Email: [email protected] Address: Forensic Access Ltd, Grove Business Park, Wantage, OX12 9FA Professional Profile I have previously worked in the film industry within the Research & Development Department of AMS - Neve, developing audio mixing desk technology as Lead Software Test Engineer on their flagship product the DFC: Digital Film Console (Over 70% of the world's blockbuster films are mixed on D.F.C.). In 1999 whilst working there, the company/R&D Dept. was awarded a Technical Oscar by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. I have 23 years’ experience working as an Independent Forensic Audio / Video Enhancement and Transcription Specialist in serious crime for: • Most UK Police agencies • MET Special Ops • Special Branch • PSNI, • PSNI T.I.U. (Terrorist investigation unit) • HMRC Investigations • S.O.C.A. • E.M.S.O.U. • Contracted for all forensic audio and video work for the Royal Military Police in the aftermath of the Iraq war. • International Chamber of Commerce I have trained the Metropolitan Police video unit and the Hungarian Secret Service in Video enhancement, presented training talks at Cheshire, PSNI & GMP Police College CID courses and undertaken work on high profile cases such as the Milly Dowler murder enquiry, the death of the BBC journalist Terry Lloyd, the Rhys Jones murder enquiry, the Daily Mirror's Iraqi fake photograph story, the Glasgow Bin Lorry Enquiry, analysis of Raoul Moat audio footage for Sky News and worked on numerous high profile murder enquiries and investigations throughout the UK, Ireland, Australia, the Middle East, North and South Africa. -
Walking a Tightrope
WALKING A TIGHTROPE NEWS MEDIA & FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN THE MIDDLE EAST A REPORT BY LAYLA AL-ZUBAIDI, SUSANNE FISCHER & MAGDA ABU-FADIL Walking a Tightrope News Media and Freedom of Expression in the Middle East Authors: Layla Al-Zubaidi, Susanne Fischer and Magda Abu-Fadil Copy-editor: Emily Dische-Becker Published by: First published in 2004 by Heinrich Böll Stiftung (hbs) Updated version published by hbs Beirut in November 2012 Pictures: Pictures on pages 8, 12, 15, 19, 26, 33, 93, 100, 119, 131, and 149 © Layla Al-Zubaidi Pictures on pages 25 and 70 (also printed on cover) © Matthew Cassel Pictures on pages 34 (also printed on cover), 40, and 45 © Sana Sbouai Pictures on pages 50 and 109 © Cynthia Karam Pictures on pages 60 and 64 © Randa Shaath Pictures on pages 75 (also printed on cover), 81, 85 and 87 © Susanne Fischer Location of picture on page 132: Bustan al-Qasr, Aleppo, Syria Location of picture on page 139: Homs, Syria Location of picture on page 141: Al-Shaar, Aleppo, Syria Location of picture on page 143: Al-Sekkari, Aleppo, Syria Location of picture on page 145: Kafer Souseh, Damascus, Syria Source of picture on cover depicting man holding Egypt-sign: tumblr Available for download at www.lb.boell.org This work is licensed under the “Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License”: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0 This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the Heinrich Böll Stiftung Middle East Office. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and can therefore in no way be taken to reflect the opinion of the Foundation.