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IAU Information Bulletin No. 104
CONTENTS IAU Information Bulletin No. 104 Preface ..................................................................................................................... 4 1. EVENTS & DEADLINES ............................................................ 5 2. REMINISCENCES OF PAST IAU PRESIDENTS ............... 7 2.1. Adriaan Blaauw, 18th IAU President, 1976 - 1979 ............................ 7 2.2. Jorge Sahade, 21st IAU President, 1985 - 1988 .............................. 10 2.3. Yoshihide Kozai, 22nd IAU President, 1988 - 1991 ....................... 12 2.4. Lodewijk Woltjer, 24th President, 1994 - 1997 ................................. 14 2.5. Robert P. Kraft, 25th IAU President, 1997 - 2000 .......................... 15 2.6. Franco Pacini, 26th President, 2000 - 2003 ...................................... 16 3. IAU EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 3.1. Officers’ Meeting 2009-1, Paris, France, 6 April 2009 .................... 18 3.2. 85th Executive Committee Meeting, Paris, France, 7 - 8 April 2009 18 4. THE EC WORKING GROUP ON THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF ASTRONOMY 2009 4.1. Status report ......................................................................................... 20 5. IAU GENERAL ASSEMBLIES 5.1. IAU XXVII General Assembly, 3-14 August 2009, Rio de .......... 24 Janeiro, Brazil 5.1.1. Inaugural Ceremony, First Session, Second Session and ................. 24 Closing Ceremony 5.1.2. Proposal for modification of Statutes and Bye-Laws ....................... 27 5.1.2.1 Proposal for modification of Statutes ............................................... -
Giant Magellan Telescope Organization for Immediate Release July 22, 2014
Giant Magellan Telescope Organization For Immediate Release July 22, 2014 Contact Dr. Wendy Freedman <[email protected]> 626-304-0204, Chair, Board of Directors, Giant Magellan Telescope Organization Dr. Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz <[email protected]> +55 11-3038-4010, Scientific Director, São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP Prof. Joao E. Steiner <[email protected]> +55 11-3091-2713 Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of São Paulo Prof. Matthew Colless <[email protected]> +61 2-6125-0266 Director, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics Australian National University College of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Vice-chair, Board of Directors, Giant Magellan Telescope Organization São Paulo, Brazil to Join Giant Magellan Telescope Project Pasadena, CA & São Paulo, Brazil – The São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Brazil, has taken a critical step towards joining the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) project. The GMT, an astronomical observatory of unprecedented scale, will allow astronomers to probe the formation of stars and galaxies shortly after the Big Bang, to measure the masses of black holes and to discover and characterize planets around other stars. The giant telescope will be located at the Las Campanas Observatory, high in the Chilean Andes, and will begin scientific operations at the start of the next decade. Dr. Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz, Scientific Director of FAPESP stated that “the Executive Board of the Foundation has approved $40M toward membership in the GMT project. Discussions between the Foundation and the Ministry of Science and Technology of Brazil are well advanced to share these costs and allow astronomers from all states of Brazil to have access to the telescope." São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP – is an independent public foundation with the mission to foster research and the scientific and technological development of the State of São Paulo. -
Observing the Expansion of the Universe Using the Hubble Space
Observing the Expansion of the Universe Using the Hubble Space Telescope Shoko Sakai Ph.D. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena CA Can you figure out how old the Universe is? How would you carry out such an experiment? Even more, what does the Universe look like? How did it begin? And most of all, what is going to happen in the future, a very distant future? If you are remotely curious, you have probably wondered at some point where everything in the world came from. Cosmology deals precisely with questions as those, and we, astronomers, attempt to solve these puzzles by collecting data using powerful telescopes and by developing theories. Observational cosmology has seen enormous changes in the past two decades, thanks to the dramatic improvement in technology, allowing us to work with an amount of the data that was unthinkable just a decade ago. The Universe started out from a primordial explosion, the Big Bang. This is perhaps the most important scientific discovery of the 20th century. During the 1920s, Edwin Hubble discovered that the galaxies are indeed receding from us, in a sense that galaxies located further away are moving away at a faster speed. This is a direct evidence of the expanding Universe. A stunning confirmation of the Big Bang theory was the discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson in the 1960s, which is a remnant of the Big Bang fireball. Today, 70 years after Edwin Hubble's first discovery of the expansion of the Universe, the basic picture of the history of the Universe has been verified. -
The Universe Is Stranger Than We Thought
presentations The Universe Is Stranger Than We Thought t a meeting sponsored by the American Academy, the Royal Society, and the Carnegie Institution for Science, Wendy Freedman (Crawford H. Greenewalt Chair and Director of Carnegie Observatories at the Carnegie Insti- A tution for Science) and Martin Rees (Fellow of Trinity College; Emeritus Professor of Cosmology and Astrophys- ics at the University of Cambridge; Astronomer Royal; and Visiting Professor at Imperial College London and at Leicester University) discussed what we know and do not know about the universe. Richard A. Meserve (President of the Carnegie Institution for Science) moderated the discussion. The meeting took place on April 29, 2014, at the Carnegie Institution for Science. An edited version of the presentations follows. that we fundamentally do not understand inventory is embodied in dark energy, a sub- the stuff that comprises 95 percent of the stance we have not yet begun to understand. universe: dark energy and dark matter. In But even before the discovery of evidence one sense, in this time of scientific achieve- for dark energy, we had already found evi- ment, our ignorance is a little embarrassing. dence of dark matter. In fact, Vera Rubin, But in another sense, this is a time of enor- a Carnegie astronomer, was responsible mous excitement. There are deep mysteries for the verification of the existence of dark to be solved, presenting a great challenge to matter. Rubin helped prove dark matter’s the researchers of our time. existence through her measurements of its Over the last two decades, we have learned that we fundamentally do not understand the stuff that comprises 95 percent of the universe: dark energy and dark matter.