Study Guide for Spanish – Cultural Competency Assessment

 Geography o Location Spanish-speaking regions, countries, and capitals in . Europe . North America . Central America and the Caribbean . South America . Spanish-speaking areas within the United States o Identifying major geographical features of Spanish-speaking regions and countries such as . Climate and seasons  Opposite seasons in Northern and Southern Hemispheres  Agricultural features, natural resources, exports  Landmarks (e.g., Chichén Itzá, Nazca, Lake Titicaca, Iguazú Falls_  Rivers, mountains areas, borders  Lifestyles and Societies o Food and mealtimes . Traditional dishes . Regional dishes . Food and beverages important to cultural traditions o Customs . Salutations . Register . Monetary units . Family events (e.g., quinceañeras) . Surnames . Expression of times of day, weeks (calendars usually begin on Monday) . Expression of dates . Extended family units o Holidays . Año Nuevo, . El Día de los Reyes Magos . Carnaval . Semana Santa . El Día de los Muertos . Las Fallas . La Tomatina . Cinco de Mayo . Los Sanfermines . Navidades . Nochebuena o Regional Variations . Good . Languages . Schedules o Foreign Influences . Bordering nations . Language influences  Sociolinguistic Elements of Spanish o Social interaction patterns . Greetings and good-byes . Introductions o Language appropriate to task and audiences . Situationally appropriate discourse . Conversational transitions o Idiomatic expressions, common sayings, proverbs . Me estás tomando el pelo. (You’re pulling my leg.) . Hay que dejarle tiempo al tiempo. (You have to let time take its course.) . Más vale pájaro en mano que cien volando. (A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.)  History o Key eras . Pre-Columbian civilizations in the western hemisphere  Toltec, Maya, Inca, Aztec, Chibcha, Guaraní . Early civilizations in the Iberian peninsula . Jewish, Moorish, and Christian civilizations in Iberia/Spain . Exploration of the “New World”  Columbus, Cortés, Pizarro, Ponce de León . Colonization and expansion in the Western Hemisphere . Notable monarchs and other figures in Spain  The Catholic Monarchs . Independence movements of Spanish America  Notable figures o Bolívar o San Martín o Martí  The Mexican Revolution and its reforms o Benito Juárex o Pancho Villa o Father Hidalgo . United States Intervention  The Spanish-American War . Current events in Spanish America  Farm workers in the United States o César Chávez  Revolution and change o Juan Perón o Salvador Allende o Fulgencio Batista o Violeta Chamorro o Fidel Castro o Che Guevara o Óscar Arias  Current events in Spain o Notable figures and transitions . The Spanish Civil War . Francisco Franco . Juan Carlos I  Contributions of the Spanish language/culture to other countries o English words derived from Spanish o Spanish words derived from English  Basic economic and trade factors o Currencies o Vocabulary o The Panama Canal o Tourism  Literature and the Arts o Major works and authors of the literature of Spain, Spanish America, and Spanish or bilingual writers in the United States. For example, . El Cantar del Mío Cid . El libro de buen amor . La Araucana . La Celestina . Don Quijote de la Mancha . Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz . Literatura picaresca . Literatura del Siglo de Oro . Literatura gauchesca . Gustavo Adolfo Béquer . La Generación del ‘98 . Federico García Lorca . El realimso mágico . Gabriel García Márquez . Isabel Allende . Esmeralda Santiago o Significant figures, works, and events in the arts . Pre-Columbian art and architecture  Isla de Pascua  Líneas de Nazca  Machu Picchu  Teotihuacán  Tulúm  Uzmal . Early art in the Iberian Peninsula  Las Cuevas del Altamira  Roman architecture  Moorish architecture o La Alhambra o La mezquita de Córdoba . Art and architecture of Spanish America  Colonial art and architecture  The muralist movement o Rivera o Orozco o Siqueiros  Kahlo  Botero . Art and architecture of Spain  El Greco  Velázquez  Goya  Picasso  Miró  Dalí  Gaudí . Music and musicians  Pasodoble  Tango  Salsa  Flamenco  Zarzuelas  Andrés Segovia  Pablo Casals  Celia Cruz  Isaac Albéniz  Plácido Domingo . Theater  Calderón de la Barca  Lope de Vega  Tirso de Molina  Los corrales  García Lorca  Teatro campesino . Museums  El Prado en Madrid  Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao  El Museo del Barrio in New York