CURRICULUM VITA

W. COLE DURHAM, JR. Susa Young Gates University Professor of Law and Director, International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU J. Reuben Clark Law School, , Provo, Utah 84602 USA Phone: (801) 422-6842 Fax: (801) 422-0399 Email: [email protected]

EDUCATION: A.B., , 1972 (Magna Cum Laude in Philosophy); J.D., , 1975 (Cum Laude); Note Editor, ; Managing Editor, Harvard International Law Journal.

PROFESSIONAL SERVICE:

Teaching:

Director International Center for Law and Religion Studies at Brigham Young University (2000-Present).

Professor of Law J. Reuben Clark Law School, 1983-Present Brigham Young University (Asst. and Assoc. Prof. 1976-83). Susa Young Gates University Professor of Law since 1999.

Visiting Professor , Faculty of Law, Spring, 2004.

Recurring Visiting Legal Studies Department, Central European University, Budapest, Professor of Law Hungary, Spring 1994-present. (Courses on Comparative Law of Religious Freedom and Comparative Constitutional Law).

Guest Professor Mainz, , 1984.

Editorial and Board Positions, Community Service

Member of the Honorary Committee of the International Association for the Defense of Religious Liberty and Member of the Consultative Committee-Board of Experts of Conscience and Liberty Magazine (July 2012-present).

President, International Consortium for Law and Religion Studies (September 2011-Present; Vice President from March 2007-September 2011).

Co-Editor-in-Chief of the Oxford Journal of Law and Religion (May 2011-Present).

Member, International Advisory Board for the G.P. Koirala Center, Kathmandu, (May 2011-Present).

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Member, Editorial Board of Review Dionysiana, University Ovidius Constanta Romania (December 2009-Present).

Honorary Member, Latin American Consortium for Religious Freedom (Elected August, 2009- Present).

Member, Advisory Board for the International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies Journal of Civilization Studies, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2008-Present).

Member, International Advisory Board of the “Revista General de Derecho Canónico y Derecho Eclesiástico del Estado (February 2006-Present).

Member, International Advisory Board of the National Democratic Institute (July 2005- Present).

Member, Constitutional Working Group, America Bar Association’s Iraq Initiative.

Member, OSCE/ODIHR Advisory Council on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Established by the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (the Helsinki Process), (Member of Advisory Panel, 1997-Present; Co- Chair from 2000-2004).

Member, International Advisory Council of the Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief (1999-Present).

Member, Experts Advisory Committee, International Commission for Freedom of Conscience (1998-Present).

Member, Religious Liberty Committee of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA (1998-present).

Board Member and Co-Founder, International Association of Law and Religion Studies, (1998- Present).

Member, Board of Directors, International Religious Liberty Association (1997-Present).

Associate Member, International Academy of Comparative Law (Paris, France) (1995-Present).

Member, Advisory Board, Program on Religious Human Rights, Columbia University, New York, New York (1995-2000).

Member of the Supervisory Council of the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law, Washington, D.C. (1994-Present). Previously served as a member of the Board of Directors, and served as Chairman of the Board from June, 1998 to June 1999.

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Chair, Comparative Law Section, American Association of Law Schools (1992 - 1993).

Honorary Director, German American Law Association (1992-Present). Secretary, American Society of Comparative Law, 1989-1994. Member of Association’s Executive Committee from 1994 to 1996.

Member, Board of Editors, American Journal of Comparative Law.

Chair, Law and Religion Section, American Association of Law Schools, 1985-1987. Previously served as Secretary of the Law and Religion Section from 1981-87. International Liaison, Law and Religion Section, American Association of Law Schools (1992-Present).

Member, Scholars Advisory Board, Center for Church-State Studies, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois (1981-Present).

Member, Advisory Board of the Center for Constitutional Studies, Dawson Church-State Center, Baylor University, 1987-Present.

Vice-President, Board of Directors, International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, Washington, D.C., 1991-Present. (Member of Executive Committee since 1996).

SCHOLARSHIP

Honors:

General Rapporteur, with Javier-Martinez-Torron (Complutense University, Madrid, Spain), for topic “Religion and the Secular State,” 18th International Congress of Comparative Law of the International Academy of Comparative Law, July 2010.

International Recipient, 2009 International First Freedom Award, presented by the First Freedom Center, Richmond Virginia, January 15, 2009.

Award of Merit for outstanding work as promoter and defender of religious freedom in the countries of the former Soviet Union and Europe, for academic contributions in support and defense of religious freedom, and for the role played in advising governments and international organizations on legislation which respects and protects freedom for all (International Religious Liberty Association, 2006).

The John Courtney Murray Award for distinguished service to the Center for Church-State Studies, DePaul University, March 30, 2006.

Susa Young Gates University Professor of Law, Brigham Young University, 1999-Present.

-3- Special University Research Support for work on Religious Freedom in Eastern Europe and Latin America (Brigham Young University, 1997).

Special University Research Support ($4,000) for work on Religious Freedom in Eastern Europe and the former USSR (Brigham Young University, 1995). Grant from the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung in 1986 to help finance my visiting appointment in Mainz, West Germany.

Research Grant ($10,000) for a Research Project Concerning Foreign Church-State Institutions, David M. Kennedy International Center, Brigham Young University, 1983-1985.

Max Rheinstein Fellowship, Alexander von Humbolt Stiftung, West Germany, 1979-80.

Participant, N.E.H. (National Endowment for The Humanities) Faculty Seminar on Law and Religion in Antiquity, University of California (Berkeley) School of Law, Summer, 1978.

Clerkship, 1975-76, with The Honorable Robert A. Ainsworth, Jr., Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit.

1972 George Plimpton Adams Prize ($500) (best senior honors thesis in philosophy) (awarded by Harvard Philosophy Department) (thesis on Kantian jurisprudence).

Publications:

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Brett G. Scharffs, Din Ȫzgürülüğşü (Freedom of Religion), Karşilaştirmali Anayasa Hukuku Açisindan Din ve Devlet İçin Konular, in YENÌ ANAYASA İÇ Ì N YOL HARÌTASI (A ROUTE MAP OF A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR TURKEY) , Dr. Fatih Ȫztürk (Ed.), Adalet ve Hukuk Derneği, 2012.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Matthew K. Richards, and Donlu D. Thayer, Instituting the Future: Advancing the Status of and Threats to International Law on Freedom of Religion or Belief, in ST CONSTITUTING THE FUTURE: ADVANCING THE FIRST FREEDOM IN THE 21 CENTURY, Allen D. Hertzke (Ed.), Cambridge University Press, (forthcoming 2012).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., David M. Kirkham, and Tore Lindholm, ISLAM AND POLITICAL-CULTURAL EUROPE, Ashgate Publishers, (forthcoming 2012).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Patterns of Religion State Relations, in RELIGION AND HUMAN RIGHTS: AN INTRODUCTION, John Witte and M.C. Green (Eds.), (Oxford University Press, 2012).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religious Freedom in a Worldwide Setting: Comparative Reflections, in UNIVERSAL RIGHTS IN A WORLD OF DIVERSITY: THE CASE OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, Mary Ann Glendon and Hans F. Zacher (Eds.), (The Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences, 2012).

-4- W. Cole Durham, Jr., Rik Torfs, David M. Kirkham, and Christine Scott, ISLAM, EUROPE AND EMERGING LEGAL ISSUES, (Ashgate Publishers, 2012).

Javier Martinez-Torrón and W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religion and the Secular State, in GENERAL REPORTS OF THE XVIIITH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF COMPARATIVE LAW, Karen B. Brown and David V. Snyder (Eds.), (Springer, 2012).

W. Cole Durham, Jr.; Malcolm Evans; Silvio Ferrari; Gerhard Robbers, (Eds), OXFORD JOURNAL OF LAW AND RELIGION, Oxford University Press, (January 2012).

Greg Clark, Robert Smith, Paul Godfrey, Cole Durham, Corporate Social Responsibility Panel, in ND THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY 22 ANNUAL CONFERENCE, “THE EROSION OF RELIGIOUS LIBERTIES: IMPACT ON THE INTERNATIONAL CHURCH, (4 April 2011).

William W. Bassett, W. Cole Durham, Jr., and Robert T. Smith, RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS AND THE LAW (Thompson Reuters/West, updated annually, latest edition 2011).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and David Kirkham, “ÉTATS-UNIS,” DICTIONNAIRE DU DROIT DES RELIGIONS, Francis Messner (Ed.), (Editions du CNRS, Paris, France, 2010).

Durham, Jr. and Robert T. Smith, Religion and State in the United States at the Turn of the ST Twenty-First Century, in LAW AND RELIGION IN THE 21 CENTURY, Silvio Ferrari and Rinaldo Cristofori (Eds.), (Ashgate, Farnham, Surrey, United Kingdom, 2010).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Legal Status of Religious Organizations: A Comparative Overview, THE REVIEW OF FAITH & INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS (2010).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Brett G. Scharffs, LAW AND RELIGION: NATIONAL, INTERNATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE LAW PERSPECTIVES (Aspen Publishers, 2010).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Memfasilitasi Kebebasan Beragama atau Berkeyakinan melalui Perundang- Undangan Asosiasi Keagamaan (Facilitating Freedom of Religion or Belief through Religious Association Laws) in TORE LINDHOLM, W. COLE DURHAM, JR., AND BAHIA G. TAHZIB LIE (EDS.), KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA ATAU BERKEYAKINAN: SEBERAPA JAUH?,SEBUAH REFERENSI TENTANG PRINSIP-PRINSIP DAN PRAKTEK. Indonesian Translation edited by Rafael Edy Bosko and M. Rifa’I Abduh. (Yogyakarta, : Penerbit Kanisius, 2010).

TORE LINDHOLM, W. COLE DURHAM, JR., AND BAHIA G. TAHZIB LIE (EDS.), KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA ATAU BERKEYAKINAN: SEBERAPA JAUH?,SEBUAH REFERENSI TENTANG PRINSIP- PRINSIP DAN PRAKTEK. Indonesian Translation edited by Rafael Edy Bosko and M. Rifa’I Abduh. (Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Penerbit Kanisius, 2010).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., OSCE Commitments on Freedom of Religion or Belief in DERECHO Y RELIGIÓN (Madrid, Spain, 2009).

-5- Cole Durham, Jr., The Doctrine of Religious Freedom in LIFE IN THE LAW: SERVICE & INTEGRITY (Brigham Young University Press, J. Reuben Clark Law Society at Brigham Young University (2009).

Cole Durham, Jr. and Brett G. Scharffs, From Identification to Secularism: Comparative Constitutional Law Approaches to Law and Religion in 20 NEPAL LAW REVIEW 33 (2009).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Robert T. Smith, Religion and the State in the United States at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century in LAW AND JUSTICE, THE CHRISTIAN LAW REVIEW (United Kingdom: The Edmund Plowden Trust, Number 162, 2009.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Response to Jean Bethke Elshtain, JOURNAL OF LAW, PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE, (Spring 2009, Volume III, Number 1).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Silvio Ferrari, and Simona Santoro, The Toledo Guiding Principles on Teaching about Religion and Beliefs in Public Schools, 19 SECURITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS 229 (2008).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Michael K. Young, and Brett G. Scharffs, Footings of Mormon Conceptions of Law, Vantage Points for Understanding Constitutional Law and the Law of Religious Freedom in FAITH AND LAW, HOW RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS FROM CALVINISM TO ISLAM VIEW AMERICAN LAW, Edited by Robert F. Cochran, Jr. New York University Press (2008).

TOLEDO GUIDING PRINCIPLES ON TEACHING ABOUT RELIGIONS AND BELIEFS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS (Prepared by the ODIHR [Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe] Advisory Council of Experts on Freedom of Religion or Belief) (the Process for Developing the Toledo Guiding Principles was co-chaired by Professor W. Cole Durham, Jr., and Professor Silvio Ferrari, Faculty of Law, University of Milan) (Warsaw 2007).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Theses Collection of the International Symposium on Charity Legislation of China.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Recognizing Religious Communities in Law, in THE REVIEW OF FAITH AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, (Fall 2007, Volume 5, Number 3).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Elizabeth A. Sewell, Conscientious Objection in the United States, Institute for State-Church Relations, Bratislava 2007.

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Bradley D. Liggett, The Reaction to Islamic Terrorism and the Implications for Religious Freedom After September 11: A United States Perspective, in Derecho y Religión (Madrid: La Fundación Universitaria Española, 2007).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Evolution and Current Context of Religion Laws in Southeast Asia: A Comparative Perspective, RELIGIOUS STUDIES REVIEW (Vol. 1, No. 1, January 2007).

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Cole W. Durham [sic.] and Christine G. Scott, Public Finance and the Religious Sector in the United States: Expanding Cooperation in a Separationist State, 2006 IL DIRITTO ECCLESIASTICO 360.

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Elizabeth A. Sewell, Definition of Religion, in James A. Serritella, et al, eds., RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES: A STUDY OF LEGAL IDENTITY, RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND THE LAW (Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 2006). W. Cole Durham, Jr., Associate Editor, with James A. Serritella, et al, eds., RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES: A STUDY OF LEGAL IDENTITY, RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND THE LAW (Durham: Carolina Academic Press, 2006).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Brett G. Scharffs, State and Religious Communities in the United States: The Tension between Freedom and Equality, in CHURCH AND STATE TOWARDS PROTECTION FOR FREEDOM OF RELIGION 362 (Japanese Association of Comparative Constitutional Law, Proceedings of the International Conference on Comparative Constitutional Law, September 2-4, 2005).

Brett G. Scharffs and W. Cole Durham, Jr., Foreword, in Kim-Kwong Chan and Eric Carlson, RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN CHINA: POLICY, ADMINISTRATION, AND REGULATION: A RESEARCH HANDBOOK (2005).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religion, Universal Human Rights, and the Ambivalence of the Sacred, in GLOBAL JUSTICE AND THE BULWARKS OF LOCALISM (Christopher L. Eisgruber, András Sajó, eds.) (The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2005).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Elizabeth A. Sewell, Religion in Post-Socialist Europe in YEARBOOK OF THE INSTITUTE FOR CHURCH-STATE RELATIONS (Bratislava: Institute for Church-State Relations, 2005).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Nigeria’s ‘State Religion’ Question in Comparative Perspective, in COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES ON SHARI’AH IN NIGERIA (Philip Ostien, Jamila M. Nasir, Franz Kogelmann, eds.) (Ibadan, Nigeria: Spectrum Books Limited, 2005).

W. Cole Durham, Jr.,      (Democracy, Reverence, and Religious Freedom). Published with Proceedings of the Conference “Religion and Politics: from Presidential Elections 2004 to Parliamentary Elections 2006” in Ukraine (2005).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Verfassungsrecht, die Menschenrechte und die drohende krise der religiösen Autonomie in ÖSTERREICHISCHES ARCHIV FÜR RECHT & RELIGION, VOL. 3 (herausgegeben con Herbert Kalb, Richard Potz & Brigitte Schinkele, Verlag Plöchl: Freistadt, 2004)

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religion, Democracy and the Politics of Transition: The Importance of International Norms Governing Freedom of Religion and Belief in a Pluralistic World in

-7- RELIGIONS AND CIVILIZATIONS IN THE NEW MILLENIUM: THE ALBANIAN CASE (Tirana, Albania: Albanian Center for Human Rights, 2004).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Tore Lindholm, and Bahia Tazib-Lie, eds., FACILITATING FREEDOM OF RELIGION AND BELIEF: A DESKBOOK (Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2004). (Chinese, Indonesian, and Russian translations are in progress).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Elizabeth A. Sewell, and Silvio Ferrari, eds., DIRITTO E RELIGIONE NELL’EUROPA POST-COMMUNISTA (Bologna, Italy: Società Editrice il Mulino, 2004). W. Cole Durham, Jr. & Silvio Ferrari, eds., RELIGIOUS REGISTRATION LAWS IN POST-COMMUNIST EUROPE (Leuven, Belgium: Peeters, 2004).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Elizabeth A. Sewell, and Natalie Peterson, Introduction, in REL IGIOUS REGISTRATION LA WS I N POST -COMMUNIST EUROPE (Leuven, Belgium: Peeters, 2004).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and Elizabeth A. Sewell, Virginia Founders and the Birth of Religious Freedom, in LECTURES ON RELIGION AND THE FOUNDING OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC (John W. Welch and Stephen J. Fleming, eds.) (Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 2003).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., CSCE Vienna Document, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM , Catharine Cookson, ed., Routledge, New York, 93 (2003).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., U.N. Declaration on Discrimination, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM , Catharine Cookson, ed., Routledge, New York, 487-88 (2003).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religious Pluralism as a Factor in Peace, 2003 FIDES ET LIBERTAS 43-57.

Silvio Ferrari, W. Cole Durham, Jr., & Elizabeth A. Sewell, eds., LAW AND RELIGION IN POST- COMMUNIST EUROPE (Leuven, Belgium: Peeters, 2003).

Marguerite A. Driessen and W. Cole Durham, Jr., Sentencing Dissonances in the United States: The Shrinking Distance Between Punishment Proposed and Sanction Served, 50 AM. J. COMP. L. (Supp.) 623-641 (2002).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Comparative Perspectives on Religious Freedom in Russia, Published with Proceedings of the Conference on Ten Years Retrospective on Freedom of Religion in Russia. (2002).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. and J. Troy Beatty, Book Review, RELIGIOUS LIBERTY AND INTERNATIONAL LAW IN EUROPE, by Malcolm D. Evans, 16 Journal of Law and Religion, 623 (2001).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Book Review, SHARING THE BOOK: RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVES ON THE RIGHTS AND WRONGS OF PROSELYTISM, Edited by John Witte, Jr. & Richard C. Martin, 16 Journal of Law and Religion, 635 (2001).

-8- W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Doctrine of Religious Freedom, BYU MAGAZINE, Winter 2001; 7 pgs.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Doctrine of Religious Freedom, CLARK MEMORANDUM, Fall 2001; 11 pages.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Recognition and Registration of Religious and Belief Communities: What is Permissible in Law and Practice? in Seminar on Religion or Belief in the OSCE Region: Challenges to Law and Practice, The Hague: 26 June, 2001; 9 pages.

Noveishiye Nasloenia v archaeologii religioznoi svobodi–sovremenneye tendentsi v interpretatsii meshdunarodnich norm religioznoi svobodi, Religiina Svoboda–Mass-Media, Shkola I Tserkva yak Suspilni Faktori Utverdzhennya, Haukovii Shchorichnik No. 5; 5 pages.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Right to Autonomy in Religious Affairs: A Comparative View, in CHURCH AUTONOMY: A COMPARATIVE SURVEY, Gerhard Robbers, ed., Peter Lang, 2001; 31 pages.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Essay on Education Issues, in RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, TOLERANCE AND NON-DISCRIMINATION IN EDUCATION, Rosa M. Martinez de Codes & Jaime Rossell, coordinators; Cáceres, 2001; 27 pages.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., International Human Rights: The Protection of Religious Persuasion, Fides et Libertas, International Religious Liberty Association, 2001; 15 pages.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religious Liberty, in THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF LATTER-DAY SAINT HISTORY 999-1000 (Arnold K. Garr, et al., eds. 2000).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religiosnaya Svoboda i Nationalnaya Identichnost (Amerikanski Opyt), in RELIGIA I NATZIONALISM (Nurullaev, A.A., I. V. Podberezsky, & A. V. Ptchelintsev, eds., Moscow: Institute of Religion and Law, 2000).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Participant in Henry Steiner, ed., Roundtable on Religion and State (Harvard Law School Human Rights Program, 2000).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., FREEDOM OF RELIGION OR BELIEF: LAWS AFFECTING THE STRUCTURING OF RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES, ODIHR Background Paper 1999/4 Published by the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (September, 1999).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., PERSPEKTIVI RELIGIOZNOI SVOBODI: SRAVNITELNI ANALIZ (Moscow: The Institute of Religion and Law in Moscow, 1999).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Right to Engage in Religious Persuasion: Emerging and Minority Religions and Proselytism, 1999 FIDES ET LIBERTAS 59.

-9- W. Cole Durham, Jr., State RFRAs and the Scope of Free Exercise Protection, 32 U. C. DAVIS L. REV. 665 (1999).

James Gordon & W. Cole Durham, Jr., co-authors, Toward Diverse Diversity: The Legal Legitimacy of ExCorde Ecclesiae, 25 J. College & Univ. L. 697 (1999).

PERSPEKTIVI RELIGIOZNOI SVOBODI: SRAVNITELNI ANALIZ , (Moscow: The Institute of Religion and Law in Moscow, 1999).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., State RFRAs and the Scope of Free Exercise Protection, 32 U. C. DAVIS L. REV. 665 (1999).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Distinctive Roles of Church and State, 1998 FIDES ET LIBERTAS 39. W. Cole Durham, Jr., The United States= Experience with New Religious Movements, 5 EUROPEAN JOURNAL FOR CHURCH AND STATE RESEARCH (REVUE EUROPÉENNE DES RELATIONS ÉGLISES-ÉTAT) 213 (1998).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religious Freedom and National Identity: Notes on the American Experience, in Nationalism in Europe/Nationalism in Galicia: Religion as an Element of Nationalist Ideology (Gloria Moran, ed., La Coruña, Spain) (1998).

Krystyna Daniel & W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religious Identity as a Component of National Identity: Implications for Emerging Church-State Relations in the Former Socialist Bloc, in Andras Sajo & Shlomo Avineri, eds., THE LAW OF RELIGIOUS IDENTITY: MODELS FOR POST-COMMUNISM (1999).

W. Cole Durham, Jr. & Lauren B. Homer, Russia=s 1997 Law on Freedom of Conscience and on Religious Associations: An Analytical Appraisal, 12 EMORY INT=L L. REV. 101 (1998).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Volksverhetzung und Redefreiheit aus amerikanischer Sicht, 15 RECHT 213 (1997).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Distinctive Roles of Church and State, in THE ROLE OF THE CHURCHES IN THE RENEWING SOCIETIES: LECTURES AND DOCUMENTS, BUDAPEST SYMPOSIUM, MARCH 3-5, 1997 (Published by the International Religious Liberty Association (European Section) (1998). English Version at 37; Hungarian Version at 112; German Version at 192; Russian Version at 276.

Krystyna Daniel & W. Cole Durham, Jr., A Vallási Azonosságtudat Mint A Nemzeti Identitás Összetevje, 1997/2 FUNDAMENTUM 5.

W. Cole Durham, Jr., John Witte Jr., Marie Zimmermann, & Lauren B. Homer, Liberté de Religion et confessionalité: Les projets de révision de la loi de 1990 de la République de Russie, 14 PRAXIS JURIDIQUE ET RELIGION 3 (1997).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Aspecte ale libertii religioase: Cadru comparativ, 2 ALTERA 4 7-49 (1996).

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Durham, Rousseau=s Civil Religion and the Ideal of Wholeness: Ambiguities in the Quest for Conscience, in Reynolds & Durham (eds.), RELIGIOUS LIBERTY IN WESTERN THOUGHT (1996).

Reynolds & Durham (eds.), RELIGIOUS LIBERTY IN WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT (1996).

Durham, A Comparative Framework for Analyzing Religious Liberty, in Johan D. van der Vyver & John Witte, eds., RELIGIOUS HUMAN RIGHTS IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: LEGAL PERSPECTIVES 1 (1996). Durham, Treatment of Religious Minorities in the United States, in European Consortium of Church State Research, THE LEGAL STATUS OF RELIGIOUS MINORITIES IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 323-79 (1994).

Durham, Bases para un estudio comparativo sobre libertad religiosa, 10 ANUARIO DE DERECHO ECLESIÁSTICO DEL ESTADO 465-88 (1994).

Durham, Freedom of Religion: The United States Model, 42 AM. J. COMP. L. 617 (Supp. 1994).

Durham, Homer, van Dijk, & Witte, The Future of Religious Liberty in Russia: Report of the De Burght Conference on Pending Russian Legislation Restricting Religious Liberty, 8 EMORY INT'L L. REV. 1 (1994).

Durham, Beschleunigung des Strafverfahrens: Externe Massnahmen, in VON TOTALITÄREM ZU RECHTSSTAATLICHEM STRAFRECHT: KRIMINALPOLITISCHE REFORMTENDENZEN IM STRAFRECHT OSTEUROPÄISCHER LÄNDER (Albin Eser, Günther Kaiser, & Ewa Weigend (Hrsg.), 1994).

Durham & Dushku, Traditionalism, Secularism, and the Transformative Dimension of Religious Institutions, 1993 B.Y.U. L. REV. 421.

Durham, The Emerging Structures of Criminal Information Law: Tracing the Contours of a New Paradigm, 64 INT'L REV. OF PENAL LAW 79 (1993).

Durham (trans.), THEODOR VIEHWEG, TOPICS AND LAW (translation of TOPIK UND JURISPRUDENCE) (Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 1993).

Durham, Edgar Bodenheimer: Conservator of Civilized Legal Culture, 26 U. C. DAVIS L. REV. 301 (1993) (expanded version of J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck) publication.

Durham, Edgar Bodenheimer: Conservator of Civilized Legal Culture, in DER EINFLUSS DEUTSCHER EMIGRANTEN AUF DIE RECHTSENTWICKLUNG IN DEN USA UND IN DEUTSCHLAND (Marcus Lutter, Ernst C. Stiefel & Michael H. Hoeflich, eds., 1993).

Durham, Rhetorical Resonance and Constitutional Vision, 14 CARDOZO L. REV. 893 (1993).

-11- Durham, The West German Basic Law After Forty Years: An American Perspective in GERMANY AND ITS BASIC LAW (Paul Kirchhof & Donald P. Kommers eds. 1993).

Durham, Das Grundgesetz--eine grundsätzliche Bewertung aus amerikanischer Sicht, in DEUTSCHLAND UND SEIN GRUNDGESETZ (Paul Kirchhof & Donald P. Kommers eds. 1993).

Durham, Religious Liberty and the Call of Conscience, 42 DEPAUL L. REV. 71 (1992).

L. Farmer, W. C. Durham, & T. Campbell, Modern Federal Jury Instructions: CAPS Practice System Series (New York: Matthew Bender, 1992) [computerized jury instruction system for federal courts].

Durham, Gaffney, Laycock & McConnell, Response: How to Restore Religious Freedom: A Debate, FIRST THINGS 48 (April, 1992). ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MORMONISM: Articles on Church and State (1:281-83) and Murder (2:970-71) (Macmillan 1992).

L. Farmer, W. C. Durham, & T. Campbell, Illinois Forms of Jury Instruction: CAPS Practice System Series (New York: Matthew Bender, 1991) [computerized jury instruction system for Illinois].

Durham & Skousen, The Law of Computer Related Crime in the United States, National Report for the Thirteenth Congress of the International Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law, 38 AM. J. COMP. L. (Supp.) (1990).

Durham, Book Review: Glendon, Abortion and Divorce in Western Law, 6 J. L. & RELIG. 509 (1988) (published 1990).

Durham, Reminiscence of Dialogue: Beyond the Papers of the Freiburg Conference, 2 RECHTFERTIGUNG UND ENTSCHULDIGUNG: RECHTSVERGLEICHENDE PERSPEKTIVEN (A. Eser & G. Fletcher, eds., 1988).

Durham, Religion and the Criminal Law: Types and Contexts of Interaction, in THE WEIGHTIER MATTERS OF THE LAW: ESSAYS ON LAW AND RELIGION, (J. Witte & F. Alexander, eds., 1988).

Durham, Comparative Law in a Rhetorical Key, HARV. L. BULL. 32 (Spring, 1988).

Durham, Foreword: Comparative Law in the Late Twentieth Century, 1987 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 325.

Durham, Indian Law in the Continental United States: An Overview, 2 LAW & ANTHROPOLOGY: INTERNATIONALES JAHRBUCH FÜR RECHTSANTHROPOLOGIE 93 (1987).

Durham, Foreword: Notes on the Dialogue of German and American Criminal Theory, 1986 B.Y.U. L. REV. 523.

-12- Durham, The Aboriginal and Comparative Law, National Report for the Twelfth Congress of the International Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law, 34 AM. J. COMP. L. 1 (Supp.) (1986).

Durham, The Modification of Law Under the Influence of Computer Technology, National Report for the Eleventh Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law, 30 AM. J. COMP. L. (Supp.) 601 (1982).

Durham, Condie & Wood, Accommodation of Conscientious Objection to Abortion among Nurses: A Case Study of the Nursing Profession, 1982 B.Y.U. L. REV. 253.

Durham, Book Review: The Unity of Strict Law, 29 AM. J. COMP. L. 717 (1981).

Durham, Commentary on Tanaka's "Legal Equality among Family Members in Japan," 53 SO. CALIF. L. REV. 645 (1980).

Durham & Oaks, Constitutional Protections for Independent Higher Education: Limited Powers and Institutional Rights, in National Congress on Church-Related Colleges and Universities, CHURCH AND COLLEGE: A VITAL PARTNERSHIP, Volume 3: ACCOUNTABILITY--KEEPING FAITH WITH ONE ANOTHER 69 (1980).

Durham, Book Review: George Fletcher's Rethinking Criminal Law, 1979 UTAH L. REV. 629.

Wood & Durham, Counseling, Consulting and Consent: Abortion and the Doctor-Patient Relationship, 1978 B.Y.U. L. REV. 783.

Durham & Dibble, Certification: A Practical Device for Early Screening of Spurious Antitrust Litigation, 1978 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 299, cited, Reiter v. Sonotone Corp., 442 U.S. 330, 345 (U.S. Supreme Court, 1979).

Comment, Disfranchisement of Former Criminal Offenders, 88 HARV. L. REV. 101 (1974).

Comment, Scientists' Institute for Public Information, Inc. v. AEC, 87 HARV. L. REV. 1050 (1974).

Note, Law of War: Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflicts, 14 HARV. INT'L L.J. 573 (1973).

Comment, Aliens - United States v. Almeida-Sanchez, 452 F.2d 459 (9th Cir. 1971), 14 HARV. INT'L L.J. 168 (1973).

LDS Publications:

W. Cole Durham, Jr., Moroni, in THE BOOK OF MORMON: IT Begins With a Family 230 (1983).

W. Cole Durham, Jr., The Sacrament and Covenant Making, 8 ENSIGN 45 (Jan. 1978).

-13- W. Cole Durham, Jr., Moroni, 8 ENSIGN 56 (June 1978). Conferences and Law Review Symposium Issues:

I have been responsible for organizing the following conferences and symposia, and for supervising the editing and publication of the resulting papers: The Religion Clause of the First Amendment, 1986 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 245-475; "Symposium on Basic Problems in Criminal Theory," 1986 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 523-807; "Comparative Law in the Late Twentieth Century," 1987 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 325-718; "Current Perspectives on Law and Business in China," 1988 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 477- 642; "The 1988 Omnibus Trade Bill--Issues and Perspectives," 1989 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 365-757; "Symposium: Europe 1992," 1990 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 1269-1822; "Symposium: The Opening of Eastern Europe," 1992 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 1 (1992); "Symposium: Individualism and Communitarianism," 1993 B.Y.U. L. Rev. No. 2; "Symposium: New Directions in Religious Liberty," 1993 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 1; AInternational Church-State Symposium,@ 1995 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 321-730; AInternational Church-State Symposium, 1996 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 731-1139; International Church-State Symposium, 1998 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 337-702; Symposium on International Perspectives on Religious Liberty During the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 6, 1998 (papers published in 1999 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 823-1077); AEmerging Perspectives on Religion and Human Rights,@ Oct. 3- 5, 1999 (papers published in 2000 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 829-1303); AComparative Constitutional Perspectives on Freedom of Religion and Belief@ held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 8-11, 2000 (papers published in 2001 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 413-855); AImplementing the 1981 U.N. Declaration on Religious Tolerance and Non-Discrimination: 20 Years of Experience,@ held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 7-9, 2001 (papers published in 2002 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 205-609); “New Impulses in the Interaction of Law and Religion,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 6-9, 2002 (papers published in 2003 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 451- 759; “Religious Pluralism, Difference and Social Stability,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 5-8, 2003 (papers published in 2004 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 2); “Religion in the Public Sphere: Challenges and Opportunities,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 3-5, 2004 (papers published in 2005 B.Y.U. L. Rev. 555-834); “Religion and the World’s Legal Traditions,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 2-5, 2005 (papers published in 2006 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 619-887); “The 1981 U.N. Declaration on Religious Tolerance and Non-Discrimination: Implementing Its Principles After Twenty-five Years,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 1-3, 2006 (papers published in B.Y.U.L. Rev. 575-856); “The Role of Reconciliation in Sustaining Religious Freedom,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 7-9, 2007; “Educational Choice: Emerging Legal and Policy Issues,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 22-23, 2007 (papers published in 2008 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 227-668; “International Protection of Religious Freedom: National Implementation,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 5-8, 2008 (papers published in 2009 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 513-782); “Connecting Communities of Discourse: How the Judiciary, Academia, Government and International Institutions Further the Work of Religious Freedom,” 2010 B.Y.U.L. Rev., pages 799-1053); “Religion in Contemporary Legal Systems,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 3-5, 2010, (papers published in the 2011 B.Y.U.L Rev. 597-942); “Religious Freedom in a Pluralistic Age: Trends, Challenges, and Practices,” held at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 2-4, 2011, (papers to be published in the 2012 B.Y.U.L. Rev. (forthcoming).

-14-

During the Fourth World Conference on Religious Liberty of the International Religious Liberty Association, I was selected as the Secretary of the Congress, and was the principal draftsman of two major documents approved by the Congress: the “Statement from the Fourth World Congress on Religious Liberty of the International Religious Liberty Association Concerning Legislation Restricting Religious Freedom in Russia,” and the “Concluding Statement from the Fourth World Conference on Religious Liberty of the International Religious Liberty Association.”

Co-Organizer of the following conferences:

Interdisciplinary Conference on “Sharing Sacred Space: Legal, Theological, and Sociological Perspectives,” Rome, Italy, co-organized by the Interdisciplinary Program in Law and Religion, Columbus School of Law, The Catholic University of America, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies, BYU, in addition to the Angelicum’s The John Paul II Center. Additional sponsors were the International Foundation for Interreligious and Intercultural Education (IFIIE), Italy, and the Richard L. Evans Chair of Religious Understanding, BYU, December 14-15, 2011.

Second International Consortium for Law and Religion Studies (ICLARS) Conference on “Religion and the Constitution,” Santiago, Chile, September 8-10, 2011.

Religion and the Rule of Law Symposium: “The Law and Regulation on Religious Affairs,” Beijing, China, co-organized by the Center for Constitutional and Administrative Law, Peking University; the Pu Shi Institute for Social Science; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, July 23, 2011.

Summer Training Program on Religion and the Rule of Law, Beijing, China, co-organized with the Center for Constitutional and Administrative Law, Peking University, the Pu Shi Institute for Social Science, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, July 18-29, 2011.

Conference on Law and Religion: “Legal Regulation of Religious Groups, Organizations and Communities,” Melbourne Law School, Melbourne, Australia, cosponsored by the Melbourne Law School and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, July 15-16, 2011.

Conference on “Religion and the Rule of Law in Southeast Asia: The 3rd Gathering, Deepening the Conversation,” Hanoi, Vietnam, June 17-18, 2011.

“Capacity Building Seminar on Freedom of Religion or Belief” for the State Committee on Religious Affairs of Kyrgyzstan, on behalf of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights,” Istanbul, Turkey, June 14-15, 2011.

Conference on Freedom of Religion and Interfaith Dialogue: A Global Dimension and Local Impressions, Kyiv, Ukraine, co-sponsored by the Coordinating Council of CIS and Baltic States on Theoretical and Practical Religious Studies, the Department of Religious Studies of the G.S.

-15- Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion, the Center for Religious Information and Freedom, the Ukrainian Religious Liberty Association, the Institute of Religious Freedom, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 20-21, 2011.

International Symposium on Religion and Governance in a Secular State, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India, co-sponsored by the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, Amity University, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 9, 2011.

Conference on “Nepal’s Emerging Constitution,” Kathmandu, Nepal, co-organized with the Nepal Bar Association, the Faculty of Law of Tribhuvan University, the Koirala Foundation, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 5-7, 2011.

Conference on “Religion and the Legislative Regime for the New Dominican Republic,” Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, co-organized by the Catholic University of Santo Domingo, El Consorcio Americano de Libertad Religiosa, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 24, 2011.

10th Annual Conference of the Consorcio Latinoamericano de Libertad Religiosa, “Religion and Labor Law,” Lima, Peru, cosponsored by the Consorcio Latinoamericano de Libertad Religiosa and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, September 22-25, 2010.

Training Program on Religion and the Rule of Law, Peking University, Beijing, China, cosponsored by the Center for Constitutional and Administrative Law at Peking University, the Pu Shi Institute for Social Sciences, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU August 3-22, 2010.

Conference on Democracy and Religious Freedom: Old and New Challenges, Kyiv, Ukraine, cosponsored by the Department of Religion, Institute of Philosophy, National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine; Coordinating Council of Countries of CIS and Baltics for Theoretical and Practical Religious Studies; the Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, August 5-6, 2010.

International Workshop on Law and Religion in Mediterranean Islam, Como, Italy, cosponsored by the Università degli Studi dell'Insubria and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, April 6-8, 2010.

Roundtable at the UN on Defamation of Religion: The Relationship Between Freedom of Expression and Freedom of Religion, Washington, D.C., sponsored by the NGO Committee on Freedom of Religion or Belief, the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, October 28, 2009.

Conference on Dialogue Between the State and Religious Communities in the Scope of Modern Culture, Volgograd, Russia, sponsored by the Ombudsman’s Expert Council on Human Rights in the Russian Federation, Volgograd Oblast Administration, Volgograd State University;

-16- Knowledge Association of Russia, Volgograd Chapter of the Academic-Culturological Association of the Pan-Russian Social Organization, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, October 20-23, 2009.

Conference on Cultural and Religious Freedom under a Bill of Rights, Canberra, Australia, sponsored by the University of Adelaide Research Unit for the Study of Society, Law and Religion (RUSSLR), and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, August 13-15, 2009.

Conference on Russia in the 21st Century: Freedom of Conscience, Religion and the Church, St. Petersburg, Russia, sponsored by the Center for Religious Study, Russian Humanitarian University; the State Museum of Religious History; the Russian Social Organization for the Protection of Freedom of Conscience; the Youth for Human Rights; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, August 3-6, 2009.

Conference of the Center for Studies on New Religions (CESNUR) on Mainstreaming and Marginalization of Religious Movements, Salt Lake City, Utah, sponsored by the CESNUR, the J. Willard Marriott Library of the University of Utah, in association with ISAR, The Office of Mayor, Salt Lake City Corporation, the Suitter Axland Foundation, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, June 11-13, 2009.

Conference on Religious Autonomy, Budapest, Hungary, sponsored by Central European University and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 29-30, 2009.

Conference on Christianity in the East: Fostering Understanding, Provo, Utah, sponsored by the Oxford Society for Law and Religion, the David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies, the Richard L. Evans Chair of Religious Understanding, the Religious Education Wheatley Institution, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 14-16, 2009.

Conference on Civil Religion in the United States and Europe: Four Comparative Perspectives, Provo, Utah, co-organized with Prof. Frederick Mark Gedicks and David Kirkham, sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, March 12-14, 2009.

International conference on the Constitution Making of Nepal, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu, Nepal, organized by an Organizing Committee chaired by Sujata Koirala and with members including Prof. Amber Prasad Pant. Prof. Kanak Bikram Thapa, Rakesh Hamal, Prof. Tahir Mahmood, and Prof. W. Cole Durham, Jr., sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 13-15, 2009.

Conference on Religion in Contemporary Society, Moscow, Russia, sponsored by the State Academy of Social Science, Moscow, Russia; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 2-3, 2009.

Conference on Religion, Law and Governance in Southeast Asia: Comparative Legal Perspectives,” Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, cosponsored by the International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies (IAIS, Malaysia), the Faculty of Law of the University of Malaysia (Malaysia), the

-17- Institute of Advanced Legal Studies of Amity University (India), the International Consortium for Law and Religion Studies (Italy), and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, January 29-31, 2009.

Conference on Law and Religion in the 21st Century: Religions Between States and Religious Communities, Milan, Italy, sponsored by the International Consortium for Law and Religion Studies, University of Milan; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, January 22-24, 2009.

Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief as a Human Right in Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, sponsored by the Centre for Religious and Socio-Cultural Diversity, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga; the Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of Oslo; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, December 10-12, 2009.

Seminar on Freedom of Religion or Belief: Perspectives and Challenges after Sixty Years of United Nations Protection, New York, co-sponsored by the UN NGO Committee on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Focus on Freedom of Religion or Belief, the Jacob Blaustein Institute, Bahá’í International Community, the Bristol Centre for the Study of Law and Religion, The International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, and the David M. Kennedy International Center at BYU, December 8, 2008.

Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief and Protecting Vulnerable Identities: A Global Snapshot, Geneva, Switzerland, sponsored by Focus on Freedom of Religion or Belief (Focus on FORB) and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, June 20-22, 2008.

Conference on Emerging Legal Issues Involving Islam in Europe, Part II, Budapest, Hungary, sponsored by the Legal Studies Department of Central European University, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, June 13-14, 2008.

Conference on Religion and the Rule of Law, Beijing, China, May 30-June 2, 2008, sponsored by the Institute of World Religions, Beijing Pu Shi Institute for Social Science Research, the Institute for Global Engagement, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU.

International Conference on Religion in Post-Modern Society: Conceptual, Social-Political and Legal Aspects, Kiev, Ukraine, sponsored by the Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 20-21, 2008.

International Conference on Emerging Legal Issues Involving Islam in Europe, Part II, Kiev, Ukraine, sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences, Religious Studies Department; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 20-21, 2008.

Conference on Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Conscience, Right of Association: International and Russian Experience in Implementation for the 60th Anniversary of the Adoption of the University Declaration of Human Rights, Ekaterinburg, Russia, sponsored by the Expert Council

-18- of the Human Rights Ombudsman in the Russian Federation, the Human Rights Ombudsman of the Sverdlovsk Region, “Zanie” Society of Russia, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, April 3-6, 2008.

Conference on Religion and Education: Russian and International Experience, Moscow, Russia, sponsored by the Russian State University for Humanities, Center for Religious Studies; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, March 31-April 1, 2008.

Symposium commemorating the Tenth Anniversary of the Passage of the International Religious Freedom Act, Why International Religious Freedom? The Origins and Promise of the U.S. International Religious Freedom Policy, in Washington, DC, sponsored by the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs at Georgetown University, Council on Faith and International Affairs at the Institute for Global Engagement, the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 25, 2008.

Conference on Religion and the Law in and beyond South Asia: Comparative Perspectives, New Delhi, India, sponsored by the International Association for Religio-Legal Studies, Amicus Juris Lawyers, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 13-15, 2008.

Conference on Religion and Rule of Law in Southeast Asia: Continuing the Discussion, Hanoi, Vietnam, sponsored by the Institute of Religious Studies, Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences, Vietnam-U.S.A. Society, the Institute for Global Engagement, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, November 3-4, 2007.

Conference on Defense of the Human Rights of Freedom of Conscience and Belief: Sphere of Mutual Responsibilities of Government and Society, Recognizing the Tenth Anniversary of the Acceptance of the Federal Constitutional Law of Freedom of Conscience and of Religious Associations, St. Petersburg, Russia, sponsored by the Expert Council under the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, the St. Petersburg Christian University, the Association of Scholars in Religion, the Scientific-Methodical Council of Religiosity, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, June 21-23, 2007.

Conference on Emerging Legal Issues Involving Islam in Europe, Budapest, Hungary, sponsored by the Legal Studies Department of Central European University and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, June 18-19, 2007.

Conference on Religion in a Changing Russia: Problems of Research Religion and Defense of Freedom of Conscience, Perm, Russia, sponsored by the Expert Council under the Commission for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, Administration of Perm Territory, Commission of Human Rights of Perm Region, The “Knowledge” Society of Russia, Perm State Technical University, the Association of Scholars in Religion, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, April 22-25, 2007.

Conference on the European Union and the Religious Dimensions of Law: Issues and Challenges,

-19- Bristol, United Kingdom, sponsored by the Centre for the Study of Law and Religion, University of Bristol; Institute for European Constitutional Law, University of Trier; and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, January 12-13, 2007.

Third International Theoretical and Practical Seminar on Freedom of Conscience in a Multiethnic and Multifaith Society, Krasnodar, Russia, sponsored by the Expert Council for the Russian Federation’s Human Rights Ombudsman, the Russian Society “Znanie,” the Kuban State Agrarian University Department of Philosophy, the Russian Organization of Researchers of Religion, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, September 13-15, 2006.

Conference on Proselytism and Human Rights, Oslo, Norway, sponsored by the Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Norwegian Institute of Human Rights, University of Oslo, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, August 31-September 2, 2006.

Conference on the Interaction of State and Religious Organizations, Kiev, Ukraine, sponsored by the Department of Religious Research of Philosophy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 19- 20, 2006.

Second International Scientific and Practical Seminar on The Freedom of Conscience in the Century of Russian Parliamentarism,” St. Petersburg, Russia, sponsored by the Russian Academy of Government Service for the President of the Russian Federation and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, April 26-29, 2006.

Conference on Religion in Civil Society, Moscow, Russia, sponsored by the Russian Academy of State Service in the Presidential Administration and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 9, 2006.

Conference on Global Processes and Religious Diversity in Russia and the World, Moscow, Russia, sponsored by the Russian State University for the Humanities and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 7-8, 2006.

Conference on Emerging Legal Issues for Islam in Europe, sponsored by the Legal Studies Department of the Central European University, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, Budapest, Hungary, June 3-4, 2005.

International Seminar on Freedom of Conscience, Religion, and Church in the Post-Soviet World, St. Petersburg, Russia, sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 18-19, 2005.

Religion and Politics: from Presidential Elections 2004 to Parliamentary Elections 2006, Meeting of Experts, Kiev, Ukraine, sponsored by Ukrainian Association of Researchers of Religion, International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, February 17-18, 2005.

-20- Conference on the Social Rights of Citizens: Mutual Interests and Responsibilities of State and Public Organizations, Irkutsk, Russia, sponsored by the Ombudsman of the Russian Federation, Administration of the Irkutsk Region, Russian Academy of State Service, Russian Society “Knowledge,” All-Russia Public Organization “Religious Scholars Union,” and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, August 4, 2004.

Conference on “Religious Freedom: Transition and Globalization,” Kiev, Ukraine, sponsored by the Ukrainian Associate State Committee on Religious Affairs, the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, May 26-28, 2004.

Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, April 26-27, 2004.

Conference on Religion and Traditional Culture in China, held at BYU Hawaii, March 18-20, 2004.

Conference on Religion in Contemporary Political Processes in Russia, Russian Academy of State Service, Moscow, Russia, February 19-21, 2004.

Conference on Religious Autonomy, Brigham Young University, February 6-7, 2004.

Conference on Permissible Limitations on Religious Freedom, Manresa, Hungary, December, 2003.

Conference on The Turkish Welfare Party Case: Implications for Human Rights in Europe, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June, 2003.

Workshop on Chinese Religion and Traditional Culture, March 2003, Hong Kong SAR. Conference on Religious and National Relations in Russia: History, Contemporaneity, and Perspectives of Development, Russian Academy of State Service in the Presidential Administration, Moscow, Russia, February 2003.

Training Conference for Religious Freedom Lawyers, Moscow, Russia, January 2003.

Second Kazan Scientific-Theological Conference, Kazan, Russia, October 2002.

Conference on Church-State Issues, Kiev, Ukraine, October 2002.

Third Conference of the European-American Law and Religion Consortium, The Permissible Scope of Legal Limitations on the Freedom of Religion or Belief: A Comparative Perspective, Emory University School of Law, Atlanta, Georgia, September 2002.

CESNUR Fifteenth International Conference, Minority Religions, Social Change, and Freedom of Conscience, Salt Lake City and Provo, Utah, June 2002.

-21- Conference on the Croatian Law on the Legal Position on Religious Communities: International and Comparative Legal Perspectives, Zagreb, Croatia, April 2002.

Conference on Religion and Politics in Russia, Russian Academy of State Service, Moscow, Russia, March 2002.

International Scientific Conference "Religious Freedom: Mass Media, Education and Church as Public Factors of Promotion" in Kiev, Ukraine, May 24-25, 2001.

Conference on Promoting and Preserving a Culture of Tolerance: International Experience and the Albanian Perspective, sponsored by The Ministry of Religious Affairs, Albania, Advisory Panel of Experts on Freedom of Religion or Belief of the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Open Society Institute, Tirana, Albania, February 12-13, 2001.

Conference on “Protection of Religious Rights and Freedoms,” cosponsored by the Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan, OSCE/ODIHR Advisory Panel on Freedom of Religion or Belief, GTZ GmbH, International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, the Oslo Coalition for Freedom of Religion and Belief, and the International Commission for Freedom of Conscience, October 26-27, 2000.

Conference on “From the Policy of State Atheism to the Liberty of Conscience,” cosponsored by the Russian Academy of State Service, the Oslo Coalition for Freedom of Religion or Belief, the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, Moscow, May 23-26, 2000.

Conference on Religious Freedom in Post-Socialist Countries: Legal and State Guarantees, Kiev, Ukraine, October 21-23, 1999.

International Conference on Law, Religion and Democratic Society, Tartu, Estonia, October 19- 20, 1999.

Conference on Religious Freedom, Fullerton Seminary, Los Angeles, California, April 19, 1999.

Conference on AThe Role of Religious Pluralism in Contemporary Society: Comparative Perspectives,@ sponsored by The International Commission for Freedom of Conscience and George Washington University Law School, April 17, 1999.

Consultation on AReligious Pluralism in Northern Europe: Emerging Issues,@ held in Riga, Latvia, sponsored by the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief and the International Commission for Freedom of Conscience, March 18-19, 1999.

Expert Conference on AThe Role of Religious Pluralism in Contemporary Society,@ sponsored by George Washington University Law School and the International Commission for Freedom of Conscience, Washington, D.C., January 29-30, 1999.

-22- International Scientific and Practical Conference, AReligious Freedom in Ukraine in the Context of International Experience,@ held in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Kiev, Ukraine, November 19-20, 1998.

Conference on Religious Freedom in Romania, Bucharest, Romania, sponsored by the State Secretariat of Cults in Romania, the Association for the Defense of Religious Freedom, and the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, November 16-18, 1998.

Conference on Comparative Analysis of European and American Laws on Religious Organizations held at Catholic University of America Law School, June 22-24, 1998.

Forum on the Constitution and Religious Freedom in Peru, sponsored by the Ministry of Justice of Peru and the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, Lima, Peru, June 18-19, 1998.

Seminar on Modern Patterns of State-Church Relations: Russian and Foreign Experience, conference held at the Russian Academy for Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, November 18-19, 1996.

Conference on Religion and Church in the Post-Communist Countries, held in Kiev, Ukraine, September 19-21, 1996.

Conference on Church, State on Religious Freedom, Ukrainian Academy of Science, Kiev, Ukraine, December 4-5, 1995.

"Religious Liberty and Social Peace: Building Understanding Among Mediterranean Countries," an international conference organized by The International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief in Collaboration with the Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies, Foundation for International Studies, University of Malta, Valletta, Malta, October 16-19, 1994.

Symposium on Legal Norms Governing the Religious Sector: Emerging Issues in Legal Systems Around the World, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah: Part I, October 3-4, 1994; Part II, April 3, 1995; Part III, October 2, 1995.

International Consultation on Draft Romanian Law on Religious Organizations and Religious Freedom, Bucharest, Romania, April 4-6, 1994.

Symposium on Criminal Law Reform, Minsk, Belarus, November 1-5, 1993.

International Conference on Freedom of Religion in a Modern World, Moscow, Russia, March 21- 23, 1993.

International Consultation on Religious Liberty, Religious Rights and Ethnic Identity in the New Europe, Budapest, Hungary, May 17-20, 1992.

-23- Presentations:

“Freedom of Conscience: The Russian Approach and Current State and International Practice,” paper presented at conference on The Russian Year of History: State-People-Faith, St. Petersburg, Russia, June 18-19, 2012.

“Hosanna-Tabor and its European Counterparts: ; Comparative Reflections,” ICLRS Religious Freedom Discussion Series, J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University, March 7, 2012.

“The Place of Religious Freedom in the Structure of Peacebuilding,” paper presented at the Workshop for Authors of the Oxford Handbook on Religion, Conflict, and Peacebuilding,” Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Indiana, February 24, 2012.

“The Preston Temple Affair: Limits on Government Subsidy for Sacred Space – A 21st Century Problem for Religious Freedom,” paper presented at the Interdisciplinary Conference on “Sharing Sacred Space: Legal, Theological, and Sociological Perspectives,” Rome, Italy, December 14-15, 2011.

“The Place of the Right to Freedom of Religion or Belief in the Constellation of Human Rights,” paper presented at the Religion and Human Rights Conference, Oslo, Norway, October 24-25, 2011.

Concluding Remarks presented at the Eighteenth Annual International Law and Religion Symposium on “Religious Freedom in a Pluralistic Age: Trends, Challenges, and Practices,” Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 4, 2011.

“Religion and the World’s Constitutions,” keynote address presented the Second ICLARS Conference, Santiago, Chile, September 8-10, 2011.

“Institutional Conscience,” paper presented at the International Academic Conference “Religion as a Social Institution.” The conference was sponsored by Center for Religious Studies “ReligioPolis” (Moscow, Russia); Department of Sociology and Administration of Social Processes, Academy of Labor and Social Relations (Moscow, Russia); International Center for Law and Religion Studies (Provo, Utah, USA); Department of Philosophy of Religion and Religious Studies, Philosophy Faculty; Saint-Petersburg State University (Saint-Petersburg, Russia); and the Coordinating Council for CIS and Baltic Countries on Theoretical and Practical Religious Studies (Kyiv, Ukraine), Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia, September 5-6, 2011.

Commented on Melissa Crouch, “Regulation of Permits for Places of Worship: Lessons from Democratic Indonesia,” at Programme for the Law and Religion Early Career Workshop, Melbourne, Australia, July 14, 2011.

-24- “The Role, Meaning and Legitimacy of Religious Autonomy”, presented at the Conference on “Law and Religion: Legal Regulation of Religious Groups, Organizations and Communities,” Melbourne Law School, Melbourne Australia, July 15-16, 2011.

“Typical Features of Effective Laws on Religion: A Comparative Perspective,” presented at the Conference on “Religion and the Rule of Law in Southeast Asia: The 3rd Gathering, Deepening the Conversation,” Hanoi, Vietnam, June 17-18, 2011.

“Conscientious Objection in Health Care Settings,” at the 19th Annual Conference on the Individual and the State, “An Enforceable Right to Health?” Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June 10-11, 2011.

“The Problem Setting of the Lautsi Decision,” presented at a workshop on “Perspectives on the European Court’s Italian Crucifix Decision,” held at Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June 8, 2011.

“Asymmetries in the Protection of Freedom of Religion or Belief,” presented at the Christian- Jewish-Muslim Interfaith Dialogue Conference, sponsored by the State Secretariat for Religious, Minority and Civil Society Affairs of the Ministry of Public Administration and Justice, Gödöllö, Hungary, June 1-3, 2011.

“Do We Need the Right to Freedom of Religion or Belief,” presented at the Seminar on Human Rights and Diversity, Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, May 27, 2011.

“The Place of the Right to Freedom of Religion or Belief in the Constellation of Human Rights,” lecture resented in honor of Tore Lindholm, Associate Professor, Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, Faculty of Law, at the University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, May 26, 2011.

“Resisting Erosion of Religious Freedom: A Comparative Perspective,” presented at the Conference on Freedom of Religion and Interfaith Dialogue: A Global Dimension and Local Impressions,” cosponsored by the Coordinating Council of CIS and Baltic States on Theoretical and Practical Religion Studies, the Department of Religious Studies of the G.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Association of Researches of Religion, the Center for Religious Information and Freedom, the Ukrainian Religious Liberty Association, the Institute of Religious Freedom, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, Kyiv, Ukraine, May 20-21, 2011.

“Recent Developments in Religious Freedom Law,” presented at the Conference on the Position of Churches and Religious Communities in Society, sponsored by the Theological Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, May 19, 2011.

“The Serbian Religion Law in International and Comparative Perspective,” presented at the Symposium on the Occasion of Five Years of the Enactment and Implementation of the Law on Church and Religious Communities,” sponsored by the Ministry of Religion and Diaspora, Faculty

-25- of Law of Belgrade University, and the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Belgrade, Serbia, May 18, 2011.

“Secular Hazards to Secularity: How Erosion of Religious Freedom Threatens the Secular State,” presented at the International Symposium on Religion and Governance in a Secular State, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India, May 9, 2011.

“The Problem of Anti-Conversion Provisions in the Proposed Constitution of Nepal,” presented at the Conference on Nepal’s Emerging Constitution, Kathmandu, Nepal, May 7, 2011.

“Pluralizing Secularism: Guaranteeing the Openness of Secularity,” presented at the Conference on Nepal’s Emerging Constitution, Kathmandu, Nepal, May 5, 2011.

“Religious Freedom in a Worldwide Setting: Comparative Reflections,” presented at the Seventeenth Plenary Session of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences, Rome, Italy, April 29- May 3, 2011.

“Corporate Social Responsibility: Marshaling the Business Community in Defending Religious Freedoms,” panel discussion at the 22nd Annual Conference of the LDS International Society on Erosion of Religious Liberties: Impact on the International Church, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, April 4, 2011.

“The Importance of Religious Freedom,” presented at the meeting of the Silicon Valley Section of the J. Reuben Clark Law Society, Palo Alto, California, March 23, 2011.

“Discrimination and Identity Politics,” presented at the Conference on Equality Freedom of conscience and the Common Good, Lincoln’s Inn, London, United Kingdom, March 2011.

“Current Developments in International Religious Freedom,” first lecture in the ICLRS Religious Freedom Discussion Series, J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University, March 3, 2011.

“Religious Liberty Law: The First Freedom of Home and Abroad,” panel discussion at the 2011 J. Reuben Clark Law Society Annual Conference, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, February 17-19, 2011.

“Emerging Challenges for Religious Freedom in the 21st Century,” presented at Brunel University, London, United Kingdom, November 18, 2010.

“The First Amendment’s Religion Clauses: University Norm or Peculiarly American?” panel discussion at the Annual Meeting of the America Bar Association, San Francisco, California, August 8, 2010.

“Defamation of Religion and the Philosophy of Human Rights,” presentation given at the 16th Annual Conference of the International Society for African Philosophy and Studies, “Culture and

-26- Justice in the Contemporary World,” University of Ghana Legon, Accra, Ghana, March 17-19, 2010.

“The Defamation of Religion Debate,” presented at a meeting sponsored by Freedom House, “Free to Express, Free to Believe: The Defamation of Religions Debate,” Geneva, Switzerland, March 10, 2010.

“The Defamation of Religion Debate: The Need for an Alternative,” address at the Geneva Summit for Human Rights, Tolerance and Democracy, Geneva, Switzerland, March 8-9, 2010.

The Scope of Freedom of Conscience, paper presented at the Symposium on the Future of Rights of Conscience in Health Care: Legal and Ethical Perspectives, sponsored by the Ave Maria Law School, the J. Reuben Clark Law School and the University Faculty for Life at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, February 26, 2010.

The Role of Religion and Law in Fostering Good Governance,” paper presented at the Conference on Religion, Law and Governance in Southeast Asia,” Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January 29-31, 2010.

“Facilitating Freedom of Religion or Belief at the International Level: Selected Issues Warranting Focused Attention,” presentation for the Witherspoon Institute’s Task Force on International Religious Freedom, Berkley Center, Georgetown University, January 8, 2010.

“Human Rights and Religious Freedom,” paper presented at the Conference on Religion, Ethics, and Peace: Honoring the Career of Professor David Little,” Harvard Divinity School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 13-14, 2009.

“Protecting the Framework for Dialogue and Religious Respect: International Perspectives,” presented at the Conference on Dialogue of Government and Religious Organizations in Modern Culture, Volgograd, Russia, October 21-22, 1009.

A Framework for Comparative Analysis of Religion-State Relationships, lecture at the University of Adelaide, sponsored by the Research Unit for the Study of Society, Law and Religion at the University of Adelaide, August 17, 2009.

Problems Arising in Connection with Places of Worship: Enhancing Implementation of a Core Human Right, paper presented at the Conference on Russia in the Twenty-First Century: Freedom of Conscience, Religion and Church, St. Petersburg Christian University, St. Petersburg, Russia, August 3, 2009.

Places of Worship: Enhancing Implementation of a Core Human Rights, introductory remarks presented at Session III of the Supplementary Human Dimension Meeting on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Hofburg, Vienna, Austria, July 9-10, 2009.

-27- Global Challenges in Advancing Religious Freedom, presentation at Conference on “Let Freedom Ring,” Southern Virginia University, Buena Vista, Virginia, June 6, 2009.

Conference Conclusion, Conference on Religious Autonomy, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, May 20-30, 2009.

The Global Context of Freedom of Religion or Belief: Starting Points for the Future, presented at “Constituting the Future: A Symposium on Religious Liberty, Law, and Flourishing Societies,” sponsored by the John Templeton Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey, April 20-22, 2009.

Protection of Religious Liberties: Global Challenges and Current Initiatives, International Society Annual Meeting, Hinckley Alumni Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, April 6, 2009. Reverence, Virtue Ethics and the Grounding of Religious Freedom, paper presented at the Villanova School of Law, 2008-2009 Faculty Workshop Series, March 18, 2009.

Civil Religion and Religious Liberty, comment presented at the Conference on Civil Religion in the United States and Europe: Four Comparative Perspectives, sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies, March 12-14, 2009.

(With Robert T. Smith), State and Religion in Canada and the United States, presentation at the First Meeting of the International Consortium for Law and Religion Studies, Milan, Italy, June 23, 2009.

Countering Religious Violence with Religious Respect: Reflections on Current Challenges, paper presented at the Panel Presentation: Religious Violence, Religious Freedom: How Can We Fight One and Protect the Other?, sponsored by the Jacob Blaustein Institute of the American Jewish Committee, New York, New York, December 8, 2008.

International Protection of Freedom of Religion or Belief after Sixty Years: Micro-Battles or Macro-Achievements, paper presented at the Seminar on Freedom of Religion or Belief: Perspectives and Challenges after Sixty Years of United Nations Protection, New York, New York, December 8, 2008.

Limiting Limitations on Freedom of Religion or Belief, panel presentation at the Side Event on Freedom of Religion or Belief hosted by the Permanent Missions of the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands and organized by Focus on Freedom of Religion or Belief, an independent think tank, UN Conference Room, New York, New York, October 1, 2008.

Religious Freedom and the Relationship of State and Religious Institutions in Comparative Perspective, paper presented at the Conference on Church-State Relations and Religious Liberty: Comparative Perspectives, sponsored by the Nanovic Institute for European Studies, Notre Dame Law School; the College of Arts and Letters, the Institute for Scholarship in the Liberal Arts, the Office of Research, and the Program in American Democracy, all of the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, September 22-23, 2008.

-28-

The Toledo Guiding Principles: A Global Perspective on Rights, Responsibility and Respect, presentation at the Conference on Religious Liberty, Public Education and the Future of American Democracy, sponsored by Three-Rs Project, Westminster College, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 5, 2008.

Religious Employment Cases, presentation at Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief and Protecting Vulnerable Identities: A Global Snapshot, sponsored by Focus on FORB and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, June 22, 2008.

Religious Elements of Constitutional Axiology, paper prepared for the 16th Annual Conference on The Individual and the State: Constitutional Axiology, or is There Anything Behind/Above the Constitution, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June 7-8, 2008.

Legal Status of Religious Organizations: A Comparative View, paper presented at the Conference on Religion and the Rule of Law: The Legal System and Religion in a Harmonious Society. Convenors: Institute of World Religions, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing Pu Shi Social Sciences Institute, Institute for Global Engagement, International Center for Law and Religion Studies, J. Reuben Clark Law School, Brigham Young University; cosponsored by the Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief, J.M. Dawson Institute of Church-State Studies, Baylor University. Beijing, Peoples’ Republic of China, May 30-June 2, 2008.

Religion Laws in Eastern Europe in Comparative Perspective, paper presented at the International Conference on Religion in Post-Modern Society: Conceptual, Social-Political and Legal Aspects, Kiev, Ukraine, May 20-21, 2008.

The Rights of Religious Communities, paper presented at the Conference of the Consejo Argentino para la Libertad Religiosa (Argentine Council for Religious Liberty): Religious Liberty: The Source of All Liberties, Universidad Católica Argentina, Auditorio San Agustín, Av. Alicia, Moreau de Justo 1300, Buenos Aires, Argentina, April 29-30, 2008.

Freedom of Religion or Belief: The Need for Strengthened Implementation, paper Presented at the Conference on Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Conscience, Right of Association: International and Russian Experience in Implementation, sponsored by Expert Council of the Human Rights Omudsman in the Russian Federation, the Human Rights Ombudsman of the Sverdlovsk Region, and the “Znanie” Society of Russia, Ekaterinburg, Russia, April 4-5, 2008.

Comment on Jean Bethke Elshtain, International Justice as Equal Regard and the Use of Force, paper presented at the Conference on A Common Morality for the Global Age: In Gratitude for What We Are Given, Catholic University of America’ s Center for L aw, Philosophy and Culture, March 27-30, 2008.

Religion, Politics and Secularity: A Comparative Perspective, paper presented at the Boston Col l ege L aw School , L aw and Religion Program Symposium on The Intersection of L aw and Religion in Politics around the World, March 18, 2008.

-29-

Rel i gi on and Cr i mi nal L aw: Compar ati ve Per specti ves, paper pr esented at the International Conference on State, Religion and L aw in and beyond South Asia: Compar ati ve Per specti ves, New Delhi, India, February 14-16, 2008.

Reverence, Virtue Ethics and the Grounding of Religious Freedom, paper presented at the Oxford Society for Law and Religion, Law and Religion Colloquium, Balliol College, Oxford, February 9, 2008.

Comparative Analysis of Religion-State Issues, presentation to a group of visiting Chinese scholars to Brigham Young University, January 2008.

Freedom of Religion or Belief – OSCE Context, presented at the Conference on Freedom of Religion and Belief in a Global Perspective: Changes and Opportunities, sponsored by Focus on FORB, Berlin, Germany, December 9-11, 2007.

International Standards Protecting the Freedom of Religion or Belief: Implications for the Law and Religious Associations, paper presented at the Roundtable on Freedom of Conscience and Religion in Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia, November 30, 2007. (Because of the unexpected death of a close friend, I did not actually deliver this paper, although it was sent to the conference organizers for reference of the Roundtable participants).

Developing Effective Laws on Religion: An International Perspective on Challenges and Solutions, paper presented at the Conference on Religion and the Rule of Law in Southeast Asia: Continuing the Discussion, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 3-4, 2007, sponsored by the Institute of Religious Studies, Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences, Vietnam-U.S.A. Society, the Institute for Global Engagement, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU. (Vietnamese translation was prepared).

Teaching about Religion: Preview of the OSCE/ODIHR Toledo Guiding Principles on Teaching About Religions and Beliefs, paper presented at the World Conference on Dialogue Among Religions and Civilizations, Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia, October 26, 2007.

Protecting Freedom of Religion or Belief, paper presented at the side event sponsored by Focus on FORB on Protecting Freedom of Religion or Belief, held in conjunction with the meeting of the UN Human Rights Council, Geneva, Switzerland, September 14, 2007.

Reflections on Justice, Reconciliation, and Religious Freedom, paper pr esented at the International Religious L iberty Association Meeting of Experts on “ The Role of Reconciliation in Sustaining Religious Freedom,” Richmond, Virginia, September 9-13, 2007.

Implementing Freedom of Religion or Belief: Recent Developments in the European Court of Human Rights, Paper Presented at the Conference on Implementing Religious Freedom, St. Petersburg, Russia, June 22-23, 2007.

-30- Conference Conclusion, Conference on Emerging Legal Issues in Europe: Part II, Sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU and the Legal Studies Department of the Central European University, June 13-14, 2007.

Re-Evaluating Foreign Evaluations of the 1997 Law on Freedom of Conscience and on Religious Organizations: The Perspective after Ten Years,” paper presented at the Conference on Religion in a Changing Russia: Problems of Researching Religion and Defense of Freedom of Conscience,” Perm, Russia, April 20-22, 2007.

(With Christine G. Scott), Public Finance and the Religious Sector in the United States: Expanding Cooperation in a Separationist State, paper presented at the Conference on Church Finance, Milan, Italy, March 23, 2007.

“Will Religious Freedom Restrictions be a Factor of Peace?,” paper Pr esented at the 6th World Congress of the International Religious L iberty Association: Combating Religious Hatred Through Freedom to Believe, Sponsored by the International Religious L iberty Association, Cape Town, South Africa, February 27-March 1, 2007.

Mormon Attitudes toward Law: The Beginnings of International Perspectives, paper presented at the J. Reuben Clark Law Society Conference, Malibu, California, February 16, 2007.

Comparative Constitutional Themes, address sponsored by the Office of Judicial and Legal Affairs, Office of the Judiciary, Bangkok, , January 26, 2007.

Globalization and Freedom of Religion: Respecting the Dignity of Difference, paper presented at the International Symposium on Religion and State in Europe, Islam Araştirmalari (ISAM), Istanbul, Turkey, December 9-10, 2006.

The Availability of Legal Entities to Religious Communities: Comparative Legal Perspectives, presented at the Conference on Law and Religion in Transitional Societies in Oslo, Norway, December 1-4, 2006.

Welcoming Address, presented at the International Charity Law Comparative Seminar in Beijing, People’s Republic of China, October 27-28, 2006.

The Role of Interreligious Dialogue in Conflict Resolution: A Smaller Community Perspective, paper presented at the Panel Discussion on the Role of Interreligious Dialogue in Conflict Resolution, Sponsored by the U.S. Mission to the United Nations, Dag Hammerskjold L ibrary Auditorium, United Nations Building, New York, New York, Friday, October 6, 2006.

Religion, Nationalism, and Identity: The Risk of Religious Freedom, presented at the Third International Theoretical and Practical Seminar on Freedom of Conscience in a Multiethnic and Multifaith Society in Krasnodar, Russia, September 13-15, 2006.

-31- Reflections on Religion, Nationalism and Religious Freedom: The View from a Minority Standpoint, Paper Presented at the Conference on Nationalism and Religious Freedom, Sponsored by U ni ver si té Paul Cezanne A i x-M ar sei l l e I I I (U PCA M ) L abor atoi r e D r oi t et M utati ons Soci al es (JE 2425, L idems) and theInternational Religioius L iberty Association, Aix en Provence, Fr ance, September 10-14, 2006.

Evolution and Current Context of Religion Laws in Southeast Asia, paper presented at the International Academic Conference on Beginning the Conversation: Religion and the Rule of Law in Southeast Asia, Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Religious Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam, September 6-11, 2006.

Proselytism and Human Rights: Legal Issues in an International Perspective, paper presented at the Conference on Proselytism and Human Rights, Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Norwegian Institute of Human Rights, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, August 31- September 2, 2006.

Participant at the Summit on Church Autonomy, Christian Legal Society, Springville, Virginia, June 22-23, 2006.

Principal Trainer, Training Program on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, June 2006.

The Way Forward: Strengthening the Role of the OSCE in Facilitating Inter-Cultural, Inter- Religious and Inter-Ethnic Understanding, paper presented at the Tolerance Implementation Meeting on the Promotion of Inter-Cultural, Inter-Religious and Inter-Ethnic Understanding, Almaty, Kazakhstan, June 12, 2006.

Russian State Policies and Practices on Religion, paper presented at the Conference on Religion in Russian Society: State Policy, Regional Challenges, and Individual Rights, Kennan Institute, Washington, D.C., June 8-9, 2006.

Religious Freedom and Political Stability, paper presented at the International Scientific Conference on the Interaction of State and Religious Organizations: Legal and Political Aspects,” Department of Religious Research of Philosophy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine, May 19-20, 2006.

Religion and the Limits of Liberal Order: Can the International Limitations Clauses be Saved, paper presented at the 14th Annual Conference on the Individual vs. the State; Free Speech and Religion: The Eternal Conflict in the Age of Selective Modernization, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, May 12-13, 2006.

Co-Chair, Conference on Islam, the Law and the State Under the Iraqi Constitution, National Democratic Institute, Amman, Jordan, April 29-May 3, 2006.

-32- Religious Freedom in Historically Comparative Perspective, paper presented at the Second International Scientific and Practical Seminar on The Freedom of Conscience in the Century of Russian Parliamentarism: Historical Lessons, Modern Legal Collisions, Barest Tasks of the Human Rights Protection, Russian Academy of Government Service for the President of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia, April 26-29, 2006.

Case Studies: Perspectives on Legal Standards and their Application, paper presented at the Lawyer Training on International Law Related to Violations of Religious Rights, sponsored by the American Bar Association (ABA) and the Central European and Eurasian Law Initiative (CEELI), Urgench, Uzbekistan, March 18, 2006.

Principal Trainer, Lawyer Training International Law Related to Violations of Religious Rights, sponsored by the American Bar Association (ABA) and the Central European and Eurasian Law Initiative (CEELI), Bukhara, Uzbekistan, March 16, 2006.

Supporting Charitable Activity in a Global Setting, paper presented at the National Training Course for Senior Chinese Charity Officials, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, February 24, 2006.

The Role of Religious Organizations within Civil Society in a Pluralistic World Order, paper presented at the Conference on Religion in Civil Society, Russian Academy of State Service in the Presidential Administration, Moscow, Russia, February 9, 2006.

Religious Rights and Legal Regulation: Protecting Conscientious Differences,” paper presented at the International Conference on Global Processes and Religious Diversity in Russia and the World, The Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia, February 7-8, 2006.

Rethinking Free Exercise Defenses: Responding to Burdens on Conscience Emanating from Same- Sex Marriage Norms, paper pr esented at the Beckett Fund Conference on The Implications of Same Sex M ar r i age L aw f or Rel i gi ous Fr eedom Washington, D.C. December 15, 2005.

Religion and the World’s Legal Traditions: Gateways for Understanding, paper presented at the Twelfth Annual International Law and Religion Symposium, Religion and the World’s Legal Traditions, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 2-5, 2005.

The Right to Religious Autonomy: Comparative Legal Developments, presented at the Conference on Law, Religion and Ethics in the North in Reykjavik, Iceland, September 14-18, 2005.

Emerging Law and Religion Issues in Comparative Perspective, presented at an International Seminar on Freedom of Conscience, Religion, and Church in the Post-Soviet World, St. Petersburg, Russia, March 18-19, 2005.

Democracy, Reverence, and Religious Freedom, presented at the Conference on Religious Freedom in Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine, February 17-18, 2005.

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International Standards and OSCE Commitments: Rule of Law and Freedom of Religion or Belief, presented at Conference on Religion, Tolerance, and Law in Georgia: International Standards and Domestic Needs, Tbilisi, Georgia, December 6-7, 2004.

Types of Registration of Religious and Belief Organizations: A Comparative Overview, presented at the Conference on Comparative Approaches to Regulating Religion and Belief: State Authority and the Rule of Law, Beijing. China, October 18-19, 2004.

The United States Law of Charities: A Summary (with Brett G. Scharffs and Michael W. Durham), prepared for the International Charity Law Comparative Seminar held in Beijing, China, October 12-14, 2004.

Reflections on the Emergence of Public Religion, paper presented at the Eleventh Annual International Law and Religion Symposium, Religion in the Public Sphere, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 3-5, 2004.

Comparative Perspectives on Current Religious Freedom Developments in the United States and Europe, paper presented at the IRLA International Congress, Taipei, Taiwan, August 30-31, 2004.

Religious Freedom and Religious Association Laws, paper presented at the Interparliamentary Conference on Human Rights and Religious Freedom, Brussels, Belgium, August 5-7, 2004.

Religious Freedom in Eastern European Countries: Achievements and Challenges, paper presented at the Conference on the Social Rights of Citizens: Mutual Interests and Responsibilities of State and Public Organizations, Irkutsk, Russia, August 4, 2004.

Religious Freedom and the Role of Religion in Public Life, paper presented at the Conference on “Religious Freedom: Transition and Globalization,” Kiev, Ukraine, May 26-28, 2004.

Verfassungsrecht, die Menschenrechte und die drohende Krise der religiösen Autonomie, Vortrag für die Österreichische Gesellschaft für Kirchenrecht, Vienna, Austria, April 29, 2004.

Freedom of Religion or Belief and Central Asia, paper presented at the Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, April 26-27, 2004.

The Emergence of Public Religion, paper presented at the Fifteenth International Society Annual Conference on Church Development in the Development World, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, April 5, 2004.

-34- Lectures on Essentials of Democracy, Federalism, Obstacles to Democracy in Countries in Transition, Institutions of Government, and Negative and Positive Freedom, presented at seminars on “Principles of Iraqi Constitutionalism: Putting Theory into Practice,” sponsored by the American Bar Association Iraq Initiative, February 20-March 3, 2004.

New Perspectives on Religion in the Public Sphere in a Global Setting, paper presented at Conference on Religion in Contemporary Political Processes, Russian Academy of State Service, Moscow, Russia, February 20, 2004.

“The Emergence of Public Religion,” paper presented at the Conference on Religious Freedom, Russian Academy of State Service, February 20, 2004.

“The Resurgence of Public Religion: An International Rights Perspective,” paper presented at the First Annual LDS Law Student Conference on “LDS Perspectives on the Law: Unique Contributions?” Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 14, 2004.

“Reflections on the Relationship of Religion and the State,” lecture presented at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, January 20, 2004.

“Comparative Perspectives on Religion and State,” lecture presented at the Centre for Democratic Research and Training, Mambayya House, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria, January 19, 2004.

“Nigeria’s ‘State Religion’ Question in Comparative Perspective,” paper presented at the International Conference on Comparative Perspective on Shari’ah in Nigeria, cosponsored by the University of Jos Faculty of Law and Department of Religious Studies in conjunction with Universität Bayreuth, Lehrstuhl für Religionswissenschaft, Jos, Nigeria, January 15-17, 2004.

“Perspectives on Relationship of Church and State,” paper presented at the University of Ghana, Ghana, January 12, 2004.

“Freedom of Religion or Belief and Constitutional Orders,” paper presented at OSCE/ODIHR Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Osh, Kyrgyzstan, December 2003.

“Religious Liberty and Public Order in OSCE Countries,” paper presented at the International Symposium on Religious Liberty and Inter-Religious Relations in the Perspective of European Integration, Bucharest, Romania, November 2003.

“Religion, Democracy and the Politics of Transition: The Importance of International Norms Governing Freedom of Religion and Belief in a Pluralistic World,” paper presented at Conference on Religions and Civilizations in the New Millenium: The Albanian Case, Tirana, Albania, November 2003.

“Religion, Universal Human Rights, and the Ambivalence of the Sacred,” draft prepared for the Conference on “Universalism and Local Knowledge in Human Rights,” sponsored by Central

-35- European University, Budapest, Hungary, and the Program in Law and Public Affairs of Princeton University, Princeton, October 2003.

“Religious Pluralism, Difference, and Social Stability: Concluding Reflections,” remarks prepared for the Tenth Annual International Law and Religion Symposium on “Religious Pluralism, Difference and Social Stability, co-sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at Brigham Young University; the J. Reuben Clark Law School; the David M. Kennedy International Center of Brigham Young University; the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, Interdisciplinary Program in Law and Religion, Columbus School of Law, Catholic University of America; the International Commission for Freedom of Conscience; the International Religious Liberty Association; and the George Washington University Law School, Provo, Utah, October 7, 2003.

“Protection of Religious Diversity in the United States,” paper presented at the Conference on Public Management of Religious Diversity: Dangerous Religion and Endangered Religion, co- sponsored by le Centre d’Analyse des Politiques Publiques (Laval University,) The Law and Religion Program (Emory University), and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at Brigham Young University, University Laval, Quebec, September 2003.

“Guarantees of Religious Freedom in International Law: What Every MP Should Know,” presentation to the Interparliamentary Conference on Human Rights and Religious Freedom, sponsored by the Institute on Religion and Public Policy, Brussels, Belgium, September 2003.

“Old and New Challenges for Religious Freedom in Eastern Europe,” (Viejos y nuevos desafios en la Europa del Este), Paper Presented at Congreso Internactional de Libertad Religiosa, sponsored by the International Religious Liberty Association, Santiago, Chile, August 2003.

“Comparative Perspectives on Freedom of Religion or Belief,” presentation to visiting Russian participants in Open World Program, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., June 2003.

“Religion, Universalism and Democracy: Challenges of the Welfare Party Case,” paper presented at the Conference on The Turkish Welfare Party Case: Implications for Human Rights in Europe,” sponsored by the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at BYU, CEU Humanities Center Project on Universalism and Local Knowledge in Human Rights, Università di Milano – Facoltà di Giurisprudenza – Cattedra di Diritto Canonico, and the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June 2003.

“Old and New Challenges for Religious Freedom in Eastern Europe,” (Viejos y nuevos desafios en la Europa del Este), paper presented at Congreso Internactional de Libertad Religiosa, sponsored by the International Religious Liberty Association, Santiago, Chile, August 2003.

“The Shifting Legal Definitions of ‘Religion,’” paper presented at the Workshop on Chinese Religion and Traditional Culture, organized jointly by Hong Kong Institute for Culture, Commerce and Religion, Department of Religious Studies, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Centre for

-36- Anthropological Research, University of Hong Kong, and sponsored and administered by The Institute for the Study of American Religion, Department of Religion, University of California at Santa Barbara, and the International Center for Law and Religion Studies at Brigham Young University, Hong Kong SAR, March 2003.

“The Significance of International Commitments in the Sphere of Religious Minorities,” paper presented at Conference on Religious and National Relations in Russia: History, Contemporaneity, and Perspectives of Development, Russian Academy of State Service in the Presidential Administration, Moscow, Russia, February 2003.

“International Law and Human Dignity: What Does the Center Hold?”, paper presented at The Twenty-Second Annual Federalist Society, Student Symposium on Law and Public Policy, Notre Dame Law School, Notre Dame, Indiana, February 2003.

“Applying International Freedom of Religion Norms under Russian Law,” paper presented at a Training Conference for Religious Freedom Lawyers, Moscow, Russia, January 2003.

“Comparative Perspectives on the Proposed Religious Associations Law,” paper presented at a Conference on Church-State Issues, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, December 2002.

“Comparative Perspectives on the Proposed Bulgarian Legislation,” paper presented at a Conference on the Draft Bulgarian Legislation, Sofia, , December 2002.

“Religious Freedom and the End of History,” paper presented at the Second Kazan Scientific- Theological Conference, Kazan, Russia, October 2002.

“Developments in Religious Freedom: An OSCE Perspective,” paper presented at a conference on Church-State Issues, October Kiev, Ukraine, October 2002.

“Libertad Religiosa: Compartiendo Perspectivas del Derecho Civil y Derecho Común, paper presented at Congreso Internacional de Libertad Religiosa, Ciudad de México, México, October 2002.

“Grounds for Limiting Religious Freedom in the Registration Process,” paper presented at the Third Conference of the European-American Law and Religion Consortium, The Permissible Scope of Legal Limitations on the Freedom of Religion or Belief: A Comparative Perspective, Emory University School of Law, Atlanta, Georgia, September 2002.

I worked on a drafting committee to develop and present a Voluntary Code of Conduct for Religious and Belief Communities, which was presented at the 31st World Congress of the International Association for Religious Freedom, Budapest, Hungary, July 2002.

“Religion, Universal Human Rights and the Ambivalence of the Sacred,” paper presented at the Tenth Annual Conference on Universalism in Law: Human Rights and the Rule of Law, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June 2002.

-37- “Religious Pluralism as a Factor in Peace,” paper presented at the Fifth World IRLA Congress, Religious Freedom: A Basis for Peace,” Manila, Philippines, June 2002.

“International Protection of Religious Freedom at the Level of Regional Organizations,” paper presented at the 2002 CESNUR Fifteenth International Conference, Minority Religions, Social Change, and Freedom of Conscience, Salt Lake City and Provo, Utah, June 2002.

“The Proposed Croatian Law on the Legal Position of Religious Communities: International and Comparative Perspectives,” paper presented at the Conference on the Croatian Law on the Legal Position on Religious Communities: International and Comparative Legal Perspectives, Zagreb, Croatia, April 2002.

“Human Rights and Government Policy Concerning Religious Extremism and Terrorism,” paper presented at Conference on Religion and Politics in Russia, Russian Academy of State Service, Moscow, Russia, March 2002.

“Emerging Trends in Religious Freedom: A Comparative Perspective,” paper presented at Conference on the Proposed Serbian Legislation on Religion, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, March 2002.

“Update of Analysis of Proposed Amendments to the Republic of Kazakhstan’s Law on Freedom of Religion and Religious Associations,” paper presented on behalf of the OSCE/ODIHR Advisory Panel of Experts on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Washington, DC, January 2002.

"Comparative Perspectives on Religious Freedom in Russia." paper presented at the Conference on Ten Years Retrospective on Freedom of Religion in Russia in Moscow, Russia, November 16, 2001.

"Issues in Contemporary Legislation Dealing with Registration of Churches," Sofia, Bulgaria, July 2, 2001.

"Recognition and Registration of Religious and Belief Communities: What is Permissible in Law and Practice." introductory paper presented at the Seminar on Freedom of Religion or Belief in the OSCE Region: Challenges to Law and Practice Sponsored by the Foreign Ministry of the Netherlands at De Ridderzaal, The Hague, Netherlands, June 26, 2001.

"Trends in Protection of Freedom of Religion in Eastern Europe: Course Correction or Compromise?" paper presented at the International Scientific Conference "Religious Freedom: Mass Media, Education and Church as Public Factors of Promotion" in Kiev, Ukraine, May 24-25, 2001.

"The Evolution of Church-State Relations in Eastern Europe Since 1989." paper presented at Convegno Internazionale Diritto e religione nell'Europa post-comunista in Turin, Italy, May 10-11, 2001.

-38- "The Emerging Legal Environment Faced by Smaller Religious Communities in Central and Eastern Europe." paper presented at The 2001 CESNUR International Conference, The Spiritual Supermarket: Religious Pluralism and Globalization in the 21st Century: The Expanding European Union and Beyond. London School of Economics, April 19-22, 2001.

"The Doctrine of Religious Freedom," Brigham Young University, Marriott Center, BYU. April 3, 2001.

Advancing Religious Freedom in Eastern Europe, paper presented at International Bermuda Conference on Religious Freedom, The Fairmont Hamilton Princess Hotel, Bermuda, March 14-16, 2001.

"Analysis of Proposed Amendments to the Republic of Kazakhstan's Law on Freedom of Religion and Religious Associations," prepared on behalf of the OSCE/ODIHR Advisory Panel of Experts on Freedom of Religion or Belief, Responses to New Legislation in Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan, March 2001.

"International Norms Governing Freedom of Religion and Belief," paper presented at Conference on Promoting and Preserving a Culture of Tolerance: International Experience and the Albanian Perspective, Sponsored by The Ministry of Religious Affairs, Albania, Advisory Panel of Experts on Freedom of Religion or Belief of the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Open Society Institute, Tirana, Albania, February 12-13, 2001.

Presentation to the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, Washington, D.C., January 2001.

“Freedom of Religion or Belief: Possible Directions for Improved Implementation,” presented as one of two principal addresses at the Seventh Annual Day for Freedom of Religion or Belief, organized by the UN Non-governmental Organization Committee for Freedom of Religion and Belief. New York City, November 14, 2000.

“Comparative Reflections on Freedom of Religion in the Balkans: Compliance with Minimum Standards in a European Environment,” paper presented at Réunion des ministres aux affaires religieuses, sponsored by the State Secretary for Religious Affairs of Romania, Bucharest, Romania, October 31-November 3, 2000.

“The United States Model of Registration of Religious Organizations,” Conference on “Protection of Religious Rights and Freedoms,” cosponsored by the Constitutional Court of Azerbaijan, OSCE/ODIHR Advisory Panel on Freedom of Religion or Belief, GTZ GmbH, International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, the Oslo Coalition for Freedom of Religion and Belief, and the International Commission for Freedom of Conscience, October 26-27, 2000.

“Protecting Religious Minorities in the Helsinki Process,” Conference Session on Social Justice and Minority Religions, Tel Aviv, Israel, September 18, 2000.

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“Joint Religious Action: Religious Freedom and Opportunities for Peace and Conflict Prevention,” paper presented at the UNESCO International Congress on Interreligious Dialogue and a Culture of Peace, held under the auspices of UNESCO and the Government of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, September 14-18, 2000.

“International Standards of Religious Freedom: Minimum Standards for New Legislation on Religious Associations,” paper prepared for the International Conference on Portugal and the New Europe in Global Perspective, Lisbon, Portugal, January 15-16, 2000.

“Legal Protection of Religious Freedom: A Euro-American Comparative Perspective,” prepared for the Parliament of the World’s Religions, Session on Interfaith Perspectives on Religious Freedom: European and American Perspectives, Cape Town, South Africa, December 4, 1999.

“Religious Freedom in Comparative Constitutional Perspective,” prepared for the World Conference on Religious Freedom, “Religious Freedom: A Fundamental Right in the 21st Century,” New Delhi, India, November 16-18, 1999.

“Warming the House: Practical Tools and Issues for Strengthening Religious Freedom,” presented at the Conference on Religious Freedom in Post-Socialist Countries: Legal and State Guarantees, Kiev, Ukraine, October 21-23, 1999.

“Religious Freedom: International and Comparative Constitutional Perspectives,” International Conference on Law, Religion and Democratic Society, October 19-20, 1999, Tartu, Estonia. AThe Impact of Secularization on Proselytism in Europe: A Minority Religion Perspective,@ presentation at the Annual Conference of the International Society, David M. Kennedy Center, August 16, 1999.

AA Century of Mormon Theory and Practice of Church-State Relations: Constancy amidst Change,@ presentation prepared for DePaul University=s Center for Church/State Studies Centennial Lecture Series, June 7, 1999.

AThe Right to Autonomy in Religious Affairs: A Comparative View,@ paper prepared for the Second American/European Conference on Religious Freedom, Trier, Germany, May 27-30, 1999.

AThe Right to Engage in Religious Persuasion: Emerging and Minority Religions and Proselytism, Presentation at the Conference of Experts on Proselytism and Religious Freedom,@ sponsored by the International Religious Liberty Association and The Ministry of Justice of Spain, held at Hotel Felipe II, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid Province, Spain, May 13-16, 1999.

AOn Memory, Forgiveness and Forgetting,@ comment presented at conference held at Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, May 7, 1999.

-40- AThe Clergy-Penitent Privilege and Constitutional Protection of Religious Freedom,@ presented at Conference on Clergy Confidentiality in Diverse Legal Traditions, Cardozo Law School, Yeshiva University, May 2, 1999.

APressure and Positive Measures: Finding an Optimal Balance Under the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998,@ presentation prepared for the Roundtable on The International Religious Freedom Act of 1998, sponsored by an Inter-University Consortium Consisting of the Law and Religion or Human Rights Programs of Baylor University, Brigham Young University, Catholic University of America, Columbia University, DePaul University, Emory University, George Washington University, April 16, 1999.

AFreedom of Religion and Belief in a Democratic Society: A Comparative Perspective,@ prepared for the International Scientific and Practical Conference, AReligious Freedom in Ukraine in the Context of International Experience,@ held in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Kiev, Ukraine, November 19-20, 1998.

AFreedom of Religion and Belief in a Democratic Society: A Fundamental Human Right,@ prepared for the Conference on Religious Freedom in Romania, Bucharest, Romania, November 16-18, 1998.

AReaching the Concerns of Religious Minorities,@ presentation before the State Department Advisory Committee on Religious Freedom Abroad, Washington, D.C., November 4, 1998.

AImplementing Religious Freedom: A Continuing Agenda after Fifty Years,@ presented at the Symposium on International Perspectives on Religious Liberty During the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 6, 1998.

AReport of the Concurrent Session on Research, Information Collection, and Databases,@ Oslo Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief, August 15, 1998.

AThe Relationship of Civil and Religious Jurisdictions in the United States,@ U.S. National Report on the Topic AReligious Law and Its Application by Civil and Religious Jurisdictions,@ XVth International Conference of Comparative Law, Bristol, England, July 30, 1998.

ALa Libertad Religiosa en el Derecho Internacional: Implicaciones Por Peru@ (with Prof. Kevin J. Worthen), prepared for Forum on the Constitution and Religious Freedom in Peru, sponsored by the Ministry of Justice of Peru and the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, Lima, Peru, June 18-19, 1998.

AOrganizing Religious Associations: The View from Utah,@ prepared for the Conference on Comparative Analysis of European and American Laws on Religious Organizations held at Catholic University of America Law School, June 22-24, 1998.

-41- Testimony before the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the United States House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary at Hearing on The Religious Liberty Protection Act of 1998, June 16, 1998.

AReligion and National Identity: Toward an Alternative View for Bulgaria,@ lecture presented at the New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria, May 14, 1998.

AReligion and the Quest for National Identity in Ukraine: An American Perspective,@ presented at the Colloquium on Ethnos and Religion: Theory and Contemporary Context, Kiev, Ukraine, April 24-25, 1998.

Preliminary Report of the Panel of Experts on Religious Freedom, submitted to all member states of the OSCE at the November Human Dimension Implementation Meetings held in Warsaw in November, 1997. (This report was of course prepared by a committee of experts from several OSCE countries; I served as one of the drafters of this report.)

AProblems of Religious Intolerance in Europe: The Challenge of Maintaining Minimum Standards,@ testimony at the Hearing on Religious Intolerance in Europe Today, held before the U.S. Congressional Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Washington, D.C., September 18, 1997.

“The New Russian Legislation on Religious Freedom from a Global Perspective,@ Conference in Honor of Alexander Minh, Moscow, Russia, September 11, 1997.

AReligious Freedom and National Identity: Notes on the American Experience,@ presented at the Conference on Nationalism in Europe/Nationalism in Galicia: Religion as an Element of Nationalist Ideology,@ La Coruña, Spain, September 4-6, 1997.

AAn Open Agenda for Religious Liberty on the Threshold of the 21st Century,@ panel presentation at the Fourth World Congress on Religious Liberty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 26, 1997.

AVolksverhetzung und Redefreiheit aus amerikanischer Sicht,@ lecture held at Universität Berne, Institut für Strafrecht und Kriminologie,@ May 5, 1997.

AThe Distinctive Roles of Church and State,@ paper prepared for the Budapest International Symposium on The Role of Churches of the Renewed Societies, Budapest, Hungary, March 2-5, 1997.

AModern Patterns of Church-State Relations: Paradigms Underlying Contemporary Regimes and Constitutional Discourse,@ presented at Seminar on Modern Patterns of State-Church Relations: Russian and Foreign Experience, conference held at the Russian Academy for Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, November 18-19, 1996.

-42- APathways, Clearings, and Pathlessness: Reflections on Comparative Methodology,@ Conference on Comparative Law held at the University of Utah College of Law, Salt Lake City, Utah, October 11, 1996.

AThe Relevance of Human Rights to Practical Problems in Church-State Relations,@ presented at the Conference on Religion and Church in the Post-Communist Countries, held in Kiev, Ukraine, September 19-21, 1996.

AThe Need to Strengthen the Right to Religious Persuasion,@ lecture presented at annual meeting of the International Society, David M. Kennedy Center, Brigham Young University, August 19, 1996.

Krystyna Daniel & W. Cole Durham, Jr., Religious Identity as a Component of National Identity: Implications for Emerging Church-State Relations in the Former Socialist Bloc, prepared for the Conference on Separation of Church and State and Personal Identity: Western Models in Emerging Democracies, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary, June 20-23, 1996.

AContemporary Models of Church-State Relationships: A Comparative Perspective,@ prepared for the Conference on The Freedom of Conscience in Modern Democratic State and Society, sponsored by the International Religious Liberty Association, the Council on Religious Freedom and Other Churches and Religious Organizations, Moscow, Russia, February 21-22, 1996.

AA Religious Human Rights Perspective on the Phenomenon of Proselytism in Formerly Communist Lands,@ Initial Scholars Meeting of the Pew Proselytizing Project, Emory University Law and Religion Program, Atlanta, Georgia, January 18-21, 1996.

AThe Archaeology of International Religious Human Rights,@ presented at the Conference on Church, State on Religious Freedom, Ukrainian Academy of Science, Kiev, Ukraine, December 4- 5, 1995.

AThe Structural Power of Rhetoric: The Molding of the Common Law Tradition,@ presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Speech Communication Association, San Antonio, Texas, November 21, 1995.

AReligious Liberty: A Global Perspective,@ presented at the Third Conference on Legal Norms Governing the Religious Sector: Emerging Issues in Legal Systems Around the World, a symposium sponsored by the J. Reuben Clark Law School, the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, and the David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies, October 2, 1995.

AReligious Freedom in Japan: Comparative Reflections,@ presented at the Symposium on Japan=s Constitutional Challenges, held at Miyazaki International College, Miyazaki, Japan, September 28-30, 1995.

AReport on Global Freedom of Religion or Belief,@ prepared (with Michael Roan) for a Briefing by the U.S. Commission on Cooperation and Security in Europe, September 27, 1995.

-43- ADefinition of Religion,@ presented at the Centerpiece Conference on Legal Structures Available for Religious Organizations, DePaul Center for Church/State Studies, DePaul University College of Law, April 6-8, 1995.

AToward a Common Core in Religious Human Rights: Emerging Consensus on Religious Freedom,@ presented at the Second Symposium on Legal Norms Governing the Religious Sector: Emerging Issues in Legal Systems Around the World, sponsored by the International Academy for Freedom of Religion and Belief, the J. Reuben Clark Law School and the David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies at Brigham Young University, April 3, 1995.

"Philosophical Foundations of Religious Liberty: A Comparative Framework," presented at the International Conference on Religious Human Rights in the World Today: Legal and Religious Perspectives, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, October 6-9, 1994.

"Securing Religious Freedom Internationally: Law and the Religious Sector in the 1990s," presented at the Symposium on Legal Norms Governing the Religious Sector: Emerging Issues in Legal Systems Around the World, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 3-4, 1994.

"Understanding Freedom of Religion: A Comparative Analysis of Recurring Religious Freedom Issues in Eastern Europe Presented at the International Conference on Freedom of Conscience: Church and State in Ukraine, September 29, 1994.

"Religious Freedom and Human Rights: Forging Non-Secular Alternatives in the International Arena," Conference on Professionals as Guarantors and Protectors of Rights, 125th Anniversary Celebration of Notre Dame Law School, Notre Dame, Indiana, September 15-17, 1994.

"Contemporary Religious Liberty in the United States: Tensions Between Secularism and Traditionalism," lecture presented at the American College, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculteit Kerkelijk Recht, Leuven, Belgium, May 2, 1994.

"The Significance and Requirements of Romania's International Human Rights Commitments for the Romanian Draft Law on Religious Cults and Religious Freedom," presentation at the International Consultation on Draft Romanian Law on Religious Organizations and Religious Freedom, Bucharest, Romania, April 5-6, 1994.

"International Human Rights Norms and Religious Freedom in Russia," presentation at the Conference on Religious Freedom in Russia, International Religious Liberty Association, Moscow, Russia, March 30, 1994.

"Emerging Challenges for Religious Liberty in Eastern Europe," presentation at the Comparative Law Section, Annual Meeting of the American Association of Law Schools, Orlando, Florida, January 9, 1994.

-44- "Treatment of Religious Minorities in the United States," presentation at the Annual Meeting of the European Consortium for Church-State Research, Thessaloniki, Greece, November 19-20, 1993.

"After Euphoria: Emerging Challenges for Religious Liberty in Europe," testimony before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on International Security, International Organizations and Human Rights of the United States Congress, October 28, 1993.

"A Comparative Framework for Analyzing Religious Liberty," presentation at the Conference on First Amendment Freedoms and Constitution Writing in Poland, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, May 24-25, 1993.

"Comparative Perspectives on Religious Liberty: The View from Europe," presentation at the Constitutional Section at the Meeting of the Inter-American Bar Association in Santiago, Chile, April 20, 1993.

"Implications of International Human Rights Instruments for National Legislation on Religious Liberty and Religious Organizations,” International Conference on Freedom of Religion in a Modern World, Moscow, Russia, March 21-23, 1993.

"Church and State in Utah: Toward an Accommodationist View," conference sponsored by the Humanities Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, February 12-13, 1993.

"Broken Cisterns: Transcending Reductionist Theories of Religious Liberty," conference on New Directions in Religious Liberty, Brigham Young University Law School, January 22, 1993.

"Culture Wars: Pathways from a Dark Wood?," Annual Meeting program of the Section on Law and Religion of the American Association of Law Schools, San Francisco, California, January 9, 1993.

"Globalization and Substantive Criminal Law," Mini-Workshop on Teaching the First Generation of Global Lawyers, Annual Meeting of the American Association of Law Schools, San Francisco, California, January 6, 1993.

"Radical Changes in Constitutions and Constituent Power: A United States Perspective," Round Table, Conference of the International Association of Constitutional Law, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, October 30, 1992.

"Freedom of Speech and Invasion of Privacy," Istanbul University, October 16, 1992.

"General Report: Developments in the Law of Computer Crime," Colloquium of the International Association of Penal Law, Würzburg, Germany, October 5, 1992.

"Religion and the Tension Between Individualism and Communitarianism: A Fragile Balance," paper presented at the Joint Annual Meetings of the American Society of Comparative Law and

-45- the International Association of Legal Science, held at Brigham Young University, September 10- 12, 1992.

The Theory of the Third Sector in Contemporary Civil Society," lecture given as part of a special conference on the Third Sector by the Union of Bulgarian Foundations, Sofia, Bulgaria, July 21, 1992.

"Die Beschleunigung des Strafverfahrens: Externe Mittel," Conference on Criminal Law Reform in East Central Europe, Max-Planck Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht, Freiburg, Germany, May 1992.

"Toward Heightened Religious Liberty in the New Europe," Address during Opening Session of the International Consultation on Religious Liberty, Religious Rights, and Ethnic Identity in the New Europe, Budapest, Hungary, May 17, 1992.

"Damage-Control in Sacral Practices, Faith Healing, and Refusal of Medical Treatment," Bicentennial Conference on the Religion Clauses: Religion in Public Life – Access, Accommodation and Accountability, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 30-June 1, 1991.

"Speech Crimes and the Structure of Freedom," Criminal Law Workshop, Central and East European Law Initiative, American Bar Association, Prague, Czechoslovakia, November 12-17, 1990.

"Reconstructing Civil Society: Cultivating the Intermediate Structures of the Social Environment," Symposium on Eastern Europe, Eason-Weinmann Center for Comparative Law, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, November, 1990.

"Föderalismus und Strafrecht," lecture delivered at Bayreuth University, May 21, 1990.

"The West German Basic Law After Forty Years: An American Perspective," German-American Conference: Federal Republic of Germany – 40 Years of the Basic Law: Experience and Prospects, October 23-25, 1989.

"Real Estate Issues," Legal Issues for Religious Institutions, conference sponsored by the Center for Church/State Studies, DePaul University College of Law, November 8-9, 1989.

Respondent, Conference on Critical Legal Studies and Freedom of Expression, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, September 20, 1986.

"Verfassung und Rechtsphilosophie: Schwerpunkte zur Theorie der Auslegung der amerikanischen Verfassung," Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, West Germany, June 30, 1986; Augsburg University, Augsburg, West Germany, July 3, 1986.

"Tötungsdelikte in amerikanischem Recht," Frankfurt University, Frankfurt, West Germany, June 9, 1986.

-46- "Comparative Perspectives on Church-State Issues: The Federal Republic of Germany and the U.S.A.,” Conference on Comparative Constitutional Law, held at Notre Dame Law School, April, 1986.

"Religious Freedom as a Cornerstone of Human Rights", address at a national conference on "Human Rights and World Peace," Fredericksburg, Virginia, June 30, 1985.

"Religion and the Criminal Law," address at a Symposium on Law and Religion at Loyola Law School, Los Angeles, California, April 27, 1985.

"General Defects in Arguments Concerning the Relationship of Legislation and Personal Freedom," panel presentation for the University of Utah Liberal Education Program, April 18, 1985.

"Shifting Contours of the Religion Clause: A Comparative Perspective," address to the Annual Meeting of the Section on Law and Religion of the American Association of Law Schools, Washington, D.C., January 6, 1985.

"The Need to Enrich Common Law Thinking on Complicity: A Comment on Kadish," Comment on Prof. Sanford Kadish's article on complicity presented at the German/Anglo-American Workshop on Basic Problems in Criminal Theory, Max-Planck-Institut fu"r Ausla"ndisches und Internationales Strafrecht, Freiburg, West Germany, July 16, 1984.

"Toward a General Theory of Religious Tax Exemptions," panel presentation at Conference on Freedom and Faith, sponsored by the Christian Legal Society, April 7, 1984.

"Verfassung und Strafrecht: Neuere amerikanische Entwicklungen im Recht der Schwangerschaftsunterbrechung," address before the German-American Lawyer Association, Bonn-Bad Godesberg, West Germany, March 22, 1980.

"White-Collar-Kriminalität und die Ausdehnung von Verschwörerhaftung in amerikanischem Strafrecht," lecture at the University of Cologne, Cologne, West Germany, February 11, 1980.

"Religion and the Public Schools: Constitutional Analysis in Germany and the United States," presented at Annual Meeting of the Western Association for German Studies, October 21, 1977.

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