Name ______Class ______Date ______

Chapter 16 The Dynamic Ocean Section 16.1 Ocean Circulation This section discusses how movements of surface and deep-ocean waters occur. Reading Strategy Identifying Main Ideas As you read, write the main idea of each topic in the table. For more information on this Reading Strategy, see the Reading and Study Skills in the Skills and Reference Handbook at the end of your textbook.

Topic Main Idea Surface currents a.

Gyres b. .

Ocean currents and climate c.

Upwelling d.

Surface Circulation 1. Is the following sentence true or false? Friction between the ocean and the wind blowing across its surface cause ocean surface currents. Match each definition with its term. Definition Term 2. large whirl of water within an a. gyre ocean basin b. upwelling 3. mass of ocean water that flows c. surface current from place to place © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. d. ocean current 4. rising of cold, deep ocean water to replace warmer surface water 5. horizontal water movement in the upper part of the ocean’s surface

Earth Science Guided Reading and Study Workbook ■ 119 Name ______Class ______Date ______

Chapter 16 The Dynamic Ocean

6. Select the appropriate letter on the map that identifies each of the following ocean currents. North Atlantic Gyre North Pacific Gyre South Atlantic Gyre South Pacific Gyre Indian Ocean Gyre

150° 120° 90° 60° 30˚ 0° 30˚ 60° 90° 120° 150° 80˚ 80˚ L a . br a C Warm d . n o d C a r lan i Cold C n g 60˚ e we 60˚ . re Nor k E. G . as a C l n o A C C. hi . tic C s cific C. lan ya N. Pa At a

40˚ N. n O 40˚ m a ea

r r

Ca St y C. l C

ifo lf io . h A r u s ni C ro a G Ku 20˚ C . 20˚ . C N. li N. Equatorial C. Equatorial C. a m o S 0˚ N. Equatorial C. 0˚ S. Equatorial C. at S. Equ orial C. . C . n B

P S. Equatoria C a

l C. li e .

e in

n . a 20˚ r C r 20˚ u g C w B t u

u n s C s e

. e u

a a e

. i l

l L C a h E A

l l

i a .

C u r

z g t E a D . r A s 40˚ u 40˚ B A . W West Wind Drift West Wind 60˚ East Wind Drift 60˚ East Wind Drift

80˚ 80˚ 150° 120° 90° 60° 30˚ 0° 30˚ 60° 90° 120° 150°

7. How does the Coriolis effect impact ocean currents in the © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

8. Ocean currents moving from low-latitude to higher latitude regions transfer from warmer to cooler areas. 9. Is the following sentence true or false? Winds cause upwelling, which in turn causes an increase in dissolved nutrients at the ocean surface. Deep-Ocean Circulation 10. What are density currents?

11. Ocean water can increase in density as a result of a decrease in temperature or a(n) in salinity. 12. Circle the letter of the area where the ocean water with the highest density occurs. a. at the equator b. near Antarctica c. in the Mediterranean Sea d. near Australia

Earth Science Guided Reading and Study Workbook ■ 120