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rainian Weekly 1 'U Vol. LI II No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. JUNE 30, 1985 25 cents

Analysis of Soviet press 30 New York congressmen score Article by Dziuba compares education officials' treatment of famine WASHINGTON - Thirty of New Frank Horton. Republican from Ro­ national poets Shevchenko, Petofi York State's 34 congressmen 15 chester; Gary Ackerman. Democrat Republicans and 15 Democrats - have from Queens: Joseph Addabbo. Demo­ signed a letter to State Education crat from Ozone Park: Mario Biaggi, by Verena Rakoczy Commissioner Gordon M. Ambach Democrat from Bronx; Sherwood and Gov. Mario Cuomo sharply criti­ Boehlert. Republican from Utica; Bill NEW YORK - The March 1985 cizing the New York State Department Carney. Republican from Hauppauge: issue of Ukrainska Mova і Litera­ of Education for what they say is "an Joe DioGuardi. Republican from ture v Shkoli (Ukrainian Language Scarsdale; Tom Downey. Democrat and Literature in School) carried affront to Ukrainian Americans and a disservice to the students of New York from West Islip; Hamilton Fish. Jr.. an article by Ivan Dziuba titled Republican from Millbrook: Robert "Shevchenko and Petofi." State." The 30 congressmen say they are Garcia. Democrat from the Bronx; Ben What is interesting about the "dismayed" that the Department of Gilman. Republican from Middletown; article is that it is written by Mr. Education has decided to delete from Bill Green. Republican from New York Dziuba and that the topic is national City; Jack Kemp. Republican from consciousness and Ukrainian na­ the final draft of the Teacher's Guide lor the "Teaching About the Holocaust and Hamburg; John LaFalce, Democrat tionalism — the theme of his famous. from Tonawanda; Norm Lent. Republi­ book "Internationalism or Russifica- Genocide" program the previously planned section about the Soviets' 1932- can from East Rockaway; Stan Lun- tion?." the thesis of which Mr. dine. Democrat from Jamestown; Tom 33 forced famine in Ukraine. Dziuba later recanted. Manton, Democrat fr'bm Queens; David ,- They remind Mr. Ambach and Gov. On this occasion, however, Mr. O`B. Martin, Republican from Canton; Cuomo ihai more people 7 million Dziuba broaches this topic through a Ray McGrath, Republican from Valley Ukrainians - died in the Communist comparative analysis of the works of Stream; Matt McHugh, Democrat Ivan Dziuba in a photo from the holocaust in Ukraine then even in the two great national poets - the from Ithaca; Guy Molinari. Republican 1960s. Nazi holocaust, and they ask that what Hungarian Sandor Petofi (1822- from Staten Island; Robert Mrazek. Shevchenko and Petofi, as in that of 1949) and Taras Shevchenko (1814- they call "perhaps the largest mass Democrat from Huntington; Henry few other great poets, themes of 61), who is considered the poet murder in this century" be studied "as Nowak. Democrat from Buffalo; Major social and national liberation are so laureate of Ukraine. an integral part" of "Teaching About Owens. Democrat from Brooklyn; integrally united; that is why the Holocaust and Genocide." Mr. Dziuba`s essay can be read on Charles Rangel, Democrat from New 'freedom' — the central idea in their The letter was initiated by Fred J. two different levels. On the explicit York City; James Scheuer, Democrat poetry, means at once social and level, the article can be read as an Eckert. Republican from Rochester. from Douglaston; Jerry Solomon, national freedom as well as national academic exercise in comparative The other congressmen from New Republican from Glens Falls; and seif-rule." writes Mr. Dziuba. literary criticism and Marxist socio­ York who signed the letter are: Sam (Continued on page 3) The author shows that Petofi and logy of literature. Stratton. Democrat from Scheneclady: Shevchenko became the national Mr. Dziuba points out the simi­ poets, respectively, of Hungary and larities between Petofi and Shev­ Ukraine because they embodied the chenko in terms of personal, socio- social and national aspirations of House members seek support for OSI historical and literary affinities. their people, and that they could WASHINGTON Six members of dent Ronald Reagan, urging him to join Certain character traits and per­ embody these aspirations because the House of Representatives were the co-signers "in expressing your sonal development as well as literary they, in turn, as poets, drew their seeking co-signers in Congress last week personal support for the significant styles, images, motifs and functions inspiration from the creativity of folk on a letter to the president urging work of this important agency." of their poetry, their national, cul­ traditions. The letter also treated the OSI's tural and political activism, their continued support for the Justice De­ By fusing the aesthetic and the pursuit of deportation proceedings for historical significance and the place partment's Office of Special Investiga­ social and political elements of the suspected war criminals living in the they occupied in the national con­ tions (OSI) in lighl of recent objections Romantic populist tradition, United States "under false pretenses." sciousness of their respective nations voiced by East European groups calling they became both national and "Many of these individuals gained — all these elements are brought out for a congressional investigation of revolutionary poets. Mr. Dziuba in Mr. Dziuba's comparative analy­ OSI procedures. access to our country by purposefully quotes Petofi: "Once a people are withholding information from U.S. sis. The letter appears at a time when masters of their poetry, then they will government officials regarding past vafious ethnic American organizations, But the key basis for comparison come nearer to being masters of their involvement in Nazi criminal activi­ including Americans lor Due Process. in the article is the specific socio- politics. And this is the task of our ties." the letter said. "Wc are confident Americans Against Defamation of historical context in which the poets times." that you would agreed that those who' Ukrainians and Americans for Human and their works developed. It is true that Mr. Dziuba's perpetrated crimes against the Jews and Rights in Ukraine, are urging a "The crucial and decisive moment analysis does not go beyond the other victims of Nazism should not be. probe into the Nazi-hunting agency's of this affinity resided in the fact that socio-historical context of the afforded the privilege of residence in methods, including its continued use of in Hungary as well as in Ukraine the Austro-Hungarian and Russian our country. This is why wcsoemphari- Soviet-supplied evidence and video­ question of social liberation was empires, nor does it draw the cally support the work of the Office of organically intermeshed with the taped eyewitness testimony. political implications of Petofi`s and Special Investigations." question of national liberation to Shevchenko`s poetry for the con­ Reps. Silvio Conic (R-Mass.). Gary The congressmen continued: "Our- such an extent that both developed temporary situation. But Mr. I.. Ackerman (D-N.Y.). Hamilton Fish concern, however, regards an effort in into one single great historical task Dziuba's essay can also be read at an Jr. (R-N.Y.). Barney Frank (D-Mass.). some quarters to discredit the achieve­ one which Engels referred to as implicit level as an Aesopian literary John E. Porter (R-lll.) and Jim Moody ments of the Office ol Special Investiga­ 'the inevitable struggle of each people exercise, a technique which since (D-Wis.) circulated a letter dated June for its existence as a nation.' tions. In light of the recent attacks on time immemorial writers have used 19 asking members "to reiterate con­ OSI. we believe it is time to reaffirm our "That is why in the poetry of to evade the wrath of political and gressional support for the mandate of commitment to sustaining the work of ideological censors. this agency" established in 1979 to look this agency. As members of Congress, Verena Rakoczy is a doctoral One may ask: What is the political into cases of U.S. residents suspected of wc will continue to support the Office degree candidate in the field ol com­ significance of comparing Petofi and being Nazi war criminals. of Special Investigations and we respect­ parative literature. (Continued on pager 16) The "Dear Colleague" letter also fully urge you to publicly express your included the text of the letter to Presi­ support as well." 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 ^^ No. 26

A life of suffering Soviet feature film attacks for Christ: Lidia Vins Radio Liberty's Ukrainian Service by Bohdan Nahaylo According to the reviewer, "against The following eulogy is reprinted son grow up and eventually challenge the background of one-dimensional from Kesion News Service. Michael the Soviet state over the legality of its A new Soviet feature film which cardboard caricatures of villains who Bourdeaux is the general director of treatment of believers. Khrushchev's attacks the Ukrainian Service of Radio Hash across the screen, the particularly Kesion College. attack against the Church in the early Liberty has apparently failed to live up noble and positive (character) 1960s saw Georgi come to the fore­ to expectations. Rutkovsky looks so outstanding that by Michael Bourdeaux front as a man of utter integrity and Billed as an incisive political thriller you wonder why the professionals from even greater toughness. After his first and an important work of counter- the CIA do not realize that he isa Soviet 1937. A small wooden house in imprisonment in 1966. Mrs. Vins propaganda, the latest production of agent." Omsk. Siberia. A family issittingand became one of the leading figures in the Kiev Film Studios named after With its shallow portrayal of quietly passing the time in the humble the Baptist Council of Prisoners' Oleksandcr Dov/hcnko. "Can-Can in characters other than that of surroundings, no different, it seemed, Relatives. Formed just two years an English Garden," was given Rutkovsky. the film fails to bring home from thousands of others keeping earlier, this group rapidly became considerable advance publicity in the the "moral degeneration" of those their heads down during the Soviet one of the world's outstanding Soviet media. Yet alter its screening engaged in "ideological subversion" purge. But a little boy there noticed human-rights movements, and the earlier this month at the 18th All- against the Soviet Union. From Mr. something unusual. They had only first of its kind under a Communist Union Film Festival in Minsk, the film Smirnov `s review, it would seem that one precious possession: a gospel. system. Over the next 20 years, the has been scored by a Soviet critic for its the only successful aspect ol the film is The boy could scarcely believe his KGB never ceased trying to suppress stereotype and unconvincing approach its depiction ol Munich's night life and eyes when he saw his father cutting it. but it has never stopped sending to its subject. the "sweet life" in the West generally. out the pages along the spine, while regular and reliable information about wrongful imprisonment to the Set in Radio Liberty's Munich The unfavorable inili.il reception of пК mother opened the lining of her West. For nearly two-thirds of this headquarters on the edge of the city's the film comes as quite a surpirse. husband's coat and sewed the pages time Mrs. Vins was either one of its English Garden, the film's plot is a spy Valeriy Pidpaly. the film's director, is inside. Soon the whole book dis­ leaders or in prison herself. story with a difference. Maksym certainlv experienced in making films appeared. Then, when a knock came Rutkovsky. a young writer from Kiev, attacking "Ukrainian bourgeois at the door, the boy understood. visits West Germany and decides to nationalists" (he has two earlier ones to She was arrested in December The boy was Georgi Vins. His remain in the West. Eventually, he is his name), and much was made in the 1970 at the age of 63 and sentenced to lather. Peter, went out to face his accepted for employment in. the Soviet press about the fine group of three years of imprisonment, mainly persecutors for the last time. He Ukrainian section of Radio Liberty actors he had assembled lor "Can-Can because of her leadership role in the never saw his family again and died and ends up working alongside in the English (iarden`` Council of Prisoners' Relatives. "Ukrainian bourgeois nationalists." in a labor camp six years later at age After her son's dramatic expulsion More importantly, the theme of "traitors to the Soviet fatherland." and 45. But the bible had gone with him from the Soviet Union in April 1979. "radio sabotage" has become very their American "paymasters." He falls into prison. This was one of the she soon followed him into a foreign prominent in the Soviet media in recent in love with the section chief's Russian incidents which toughened Georgi exile which was scarcely voluntary. years, and it might be expected that the secretary and deviously obtains mentally and prepared him even­ Even here she was denied the rest of first feature film devoted to this promotion, by betraying the tually to face decades of persecution body she so fully deserved and her question would have its shortcoming "nationalistic" schemes of some of his himself because of his determination last years were dogged by suffering overlooked by the Soviet press. colleagues to U.S. intelligence agents to fight for religious liberty for his from cancer, though she eventually On the other hand, there has recently "l.odccsen"and "Hcnrich." Just as he is Baptist community. died of a stroke. But in spirit she been increasing emphasis on revamping about to gain access to Radio Liberty's Lidia Vins. his mother, died on never yielded - an example not only ideological and counter-propaganda "lists of informers." Rutkovsky is May 19. at age 78. Before the to two generations of her own family work, and it may be that a fairly found out to be a Soviet agent. A group last five years of her life in exile in whose faith she so strongly in­ conventional and uninspired treatment of nationalist enforcers seizes him and America, this redoubtable woman fluenced, but also to countless others. of this subject that might have been experienced a full half century of metes out rough justice. deemed adequate last year, is no longer persecution. She observed and stood At her trial on February 9, 1971, Writing in Sovietskaya Rossiya. P. so now that Mykhail Gorbachev is at strong over "Three Generations of Mrs. Vins had said: Smirnov emphasizes that the makers of the helm. Suffering," to use the title of the "Our council is mainly composed "Can-Can in an English Gardcn"are the book, now unfortunately out of of women: mothers and wives from first Soviet filmmakers to tackle "the print, in which Georgi writes so all the republics. We could not sit theme of unmasking the ideological tenderly of her. When one observes around with our arms folded when sabotage that is being carried out Insurgents' bomb such characters as Mrs. Vins. the our children and our husbands were against our country by numerous miracle of the survival and revival of suffering." Western 'radio voices' " kills 140 persons the Christian faith in the Soviet There was always suffering in her He welcomes their initiative, but Union becomes a little more compre­ life, but no one ever did more to points out that when "an important ISLAMABAD. Pakistan About hensible. counter fierce persecution withaction theme" is taken on. even more is 140 people were killed when a bomb During her more than 40 years of ungirded by selflessness and devo­ expected of the makers. There has to be planted by the Afghan rebels wrecked a widowhood. Mrs. Vins watched her tion. not only a greater than average mastery large building in Mazr-i-Sharif in of film techniques, but also a more northern Afghanistan, reported Reuters imaginative approach. Evidently, the on June 17 citing rebel sources. KGB searches two homes makers of "Can-Can in an English The insurgents said that the bomb, (iarden`` Tailed in this respect. which exploded June 5. destroyed the JERSEY CITY. N.J. Agentsofthc Marina Rumsishkaya. neither of whom Mr. Smirnov delivers a devastating second and third stories of the three- KGB. the Soviet secret police, last know the defendant, according to critique of the film, charging that its story Haji Salccm Shah building. I 'lies month searched the homes of two USSR News Brief. makers have presented an over­ quoted witnesses as saving most ol persons in connection with the case of Nothing was found in the woman's simplified and cliche-ridden picture that those killed were members ol the ruling Naum Yefremov. who was arrested in home, but agents looking through Mr. is unlikely to satisfy Soviet audiences. Communist Party. No independent Rostov-on-Don in February and Smushkev ych`s home reportedly The film's hero, il turns out. is simplv confirmation of the report was im­ charged with circulating underground confiscated three copies of a too good to be true. mediately available. literature. questionnaire asking readers to The searches were carried out at the comment on the Chronicle ol Current homes of Borys Smushkevych and Events, a sami/dat publication. Mi. Yefremov was accused ol circulating the chronicle and photo­ Jewish activist warned copying the works of underground poets. He wascharged with "anti-Soviet Ukrainian Weekly JERSEY CITY. N..I. Jewish emi­ slander" under Article 190-1 of the gration activist and former Soviet FOUNDED 1933 Russian SFSR Criminal Code. political prisoner Yevgeny l.ein was Ukrainian weekly newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a recently warned that he could be non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.J. 07302. charged with "parasitism" if he does not (The Ukrainian Weekly - USPS 570-870) find work, according to dissident Soviets bomb Pakistan Ser.oiiii-i.idss Misuse uaid ai Jersey City, N.J.. 07302 sources. ISLAMABAD. Pakistan Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. The 46-year-old mathematician, a President Muhammad Zia ul-Haq for resident of Leningrad, has been unable the first time accused Soviet pilots of The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: to find work in his field since being bombing Pakistani territory along the (201) 434-0237, 434-0807, 434-3036 (201) 451-2200 released from compulsory labor in late border with Afghanistan, reported The 1982. He was arrested on May I 7. 19X1. Christian Science Monitor, citing a Yearly subscription rate: J8, UNA members - J5. and sentenced to two years' hard labor June 9 Pakistani television broadcast. alter being convicted ol "anti-Soviet President Zia. who has long avoided Postmaster, send address changes to Editor. Roma Hadzewycz slander" for activities with the Jewish criticizing Moscow over Afghanistan, THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Associate editor: George Zarycky emigration movement. said Islamabad might have to revise us P.O. Box 346 Assistant editor: Natalia Dmytrijuk He served his term in Chernogorsk in restrained position if cross-border Jersey City. N.J. 07303 central Siberia. attacks continued. No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 3 150 celebrate Baltic Freedom Day Congressional hearing says human rights ROCKVILLE. Md. - Over 150 legations; and Department of State Baltic and government representatives officials. a condition for improved relations attended the reception held June 18. to The purpose of the reception, held in by Mykhailo Bociurkiw commemorate Baltic Freedom Day the Post Office and Civil Service Com­ (June 14, 1985.) The reception was mittee room, was twofold: to observe WASHINGTON - The Reagan sponsored by the Joint Baltic American the 45th anniversary of the United administration was urged to make Freedom league (BAFL). States non-recognition policy toward respect for human rights a condition for U.S. Reps. William Carney (R-N.Y.), the illegal and forcible incorporation of improved bilateral relations with the Don Ritter (R-Pa.). Helen Bentlev (R- Estonia. Latvia and Lithuania into the Soviet Union during a congressional Md.). William Green (R-N.Y.),' and Soviet Union and to acknowledge hearing into the Ottawa human-rights Paul Kanjorski(D-Pa.), all co-sponsors Baltic Freedom Day (June 14. 1985), parley held here on June 25. of House Joint Resolution 263 on Baltic which allowed for the commemoration of the 45th consecutive year that the The four-hour hearing, attended by Freedom Day. addressed the Baits members of both houses of Congress present at the reception. United States continues to stand behind these small and persecuted countries. and the Commission on Security and "Our doors are always open to you, Cooperation in Europe, reviewed U.S. even if some of you may not be con­ The reception capped a week of policy at the six-week experts meeting stituents," stated Rep. Kanjorski. activities including demonstrations in on human rights which ended June 17 Others who participated in this New York, San Francisco. Detroit, amid disagreements between East and occasion were: Linas Kojelis, associate Washington, Cleveland and Seattle. West. director of the White House Office of JBANC represents and is financed by Sens. Gordon Humphrey (R-N.H.) Public Liaison; Pat Neiburg, director of the three central Baltic organizations, and Malcolm Wallop (R-Wyo.) sharply the Voice of America language pro­ the Estonian American Council, the criticized the Reagan administration's grams; the charges d`affairs of the American Latvian Association and the approach to human rights and called Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian Lithuanian American Council. IMyUuib Boduritiv upon their congressional colleagues to Ambassador Richard Schifter at the withhold approval of Soviet-U.S.agree­ Ottawa conference. ments, until the USSR takes steps to Assemblyman scores Education Department improve its treatment of citizens. of the Commission on Security and Co­ "I am outraged at recent U.S. initia­ operation in Europe, said at the hearing ALBANY, N.Y. - In a letter to New Gorski said he believes that the famine tives to renew and expand trade agree­ that he believes the Soviets are con­ York State Education Department of 1932-33 provides a stark, historical ments with the Soviet Union," said Sen. vinced that the United States is no Commissioner Gordon M. Ambach, example of the potential for Soviet Humphrey. He charged that the Soviets longer serious about human rights. In Assemblyman Dennis T. Gorski (D- repression of the highest degree — are allowed to "break every human- order to force the Soviet Union into Buffalo) voiced his opposition to the genocide. rights accord" and "thumb their nose at honoring its pledges to its own people, removal of a section that covers the "It is incumbent upon all Slavic international law" while the United he said that Congress must insist on Ukrainian famine and the Cambodian peoples, and indeed the world, to States continues to enter into trade and compliance with past agreements before genocide from the teaching guide titled remember that genocide can rear its other agreements with the Soviet Union. entering into new ones. "Teaching About the Holocaust and ugly head in any form and against any Although the Reagan administration Genocide." The guide is to be part of the people — Jews, Armenians, Cam­ has said it will not link human rights to Sen. D`Amato added: "Failure to social studies secondary curriculum in bodians and Ukrainians," the Gorski arms-control agreements, the U.S. dele­ insist on compliance reflects a lack of New York State. letter continued. "New York State's gation in Ottawa said that "the fieldo f political will. Failure to insist on Mr. Gorski stated, "I have received apathy translates into tacit condonation human rights is inextricably linked to compliance leads the other party to lose numerous letters protesting the decision, of policies which have brought and all aspects of improved bilateral rela­ respect for you at the negotiating table both from Ukrainian organizations and continue to bring untold misery to tions." and in bilateral relations generally... I constituents of Ukrainian descent. As millions of persons." The importance of human rights in very strongly believe that when nego­ their representative, it is my duty to Assemblyman Gorski said that the bilateral relations with other countries tiating with an adversary who has a inform you of the magnitude of object­ section on the Ukrainian famine will be was stressed by State Department proven track record of flouting pro­ ion raised in western New York." returned to the main teaching guide, officials at the hearing. visions of treaties and agreements, we In addition Mr. Gorski pointed out specifically the third volume, from the must have verification and demand that he is personally interested in seeing supplemental or companion volume to Degree of linkage compliance." the Ukrainian famine covered in high which it has been relegated. school history courses. As a result of It will not detract from the major "The question in our foreign policy Media scored his sponsorship of the annual legislative topic covered, the Jewish Holocaust of today is not whether we should make resolution commemorating Ukrainian World War II. Rather, it will shed light human-rights concerns a factor in The Western media, and specifically Independence Day, Mr. Gorski has on the fact that no person, group, or bilateral relations with other countries, The Washington Post, came under fire read several accounts of the famine and nation is immune from repression. but rather the degree to which we do so for giving scant coverage to the Ottawa other instances of repression of the When one man, woman or child is the in specific cases," said Gary Matthews, meeting. Ambassador Richard Schifter, Ukrainian nation by the Soviet regime. victim of genocide, all of mankind is the the deputy assistant secretary of state chief of the U.S. delegation to the An American of Polish descent, Mr. victim," Mr. Gorski concluded. for human rights and humanitarian meeting, said that West European and affairs. short wave services did a better job of Mr. Matthews added that the United covering the six weeks of deliberations 30 New York... States must encourage its allies to than did the major North American "make human-rights concerns an essen­ (Continued from page 1) news organizations. tial factor in all aspects of our relations" Rep. Lantos also criticized the media George Wortley, Republican from with Warsaw Pact nations which con­ for doing a bad job in Ottawa and said Fayetteville. tinue to persecute their citizens. that the lack of coverage might be Reps. Charles Schumer and "We have now reached a point where indicative of the apathy people have Edolphus Towns, both Democrats from there can be no dialogue between the towards human rights. Brooklyn, were out of town at the time U.S. and the Soviet bloc, or many other the letter was being circulated. Western nations and the bloc, without "We've got to be honest in recogniz­ Reps. Stephen Solarz (D) of discussion of human-rights concerns." ing that there is boredom amidst Con­ Brooklyn and Ted Weiss (D) of New said Mr. Matthews. gress, the media and the public in the York City declined to sign the letter, Despite assurances from administra­ field of human rights." said Mr. Lantos. sources told The Weekly. tion officials that concessions will not "If The Washington Post chooses to The text of the legislators' June 18 be granted to Warsaw Pact countries ignore the 10th commemorative session letter reads: unless they live up to their human-rights (of the Helsinki Accords), that tells promises, sources on Capitol Hill said volumes on what has happened to the "We understand that the New York that U.S. negotiators in Geneva and at priority that the public, media and State Department of Education is Rep. Fred J. Eckert the Stockholm Conference on Confi­ Congress has had to human rights." developing a program called 'Teaching forced starvation in Ukraine to se­ dence and Security-Building Measures About the Holocaust and Genocide.' M r. Schifter and others at the hearing condary status, to treat it merely as a and Disarmament have been reluctant agreed that increased resources for the We are dismayed to learn that a small footnote. This is an affront to Ukrai­ to bring up human-rights concerns. section of.the teacher's guide on the United States Information Agency and nian Americans and a disservice to the A source at the Wilson International the Voice of America would help gene­ forced famine in Ukraine has been students of New York State. Center for Scholars in Washington omitted in the final draft. rate support and awareness of the "As members of the New York State attributes U.S. reluctance to emphasize Helsinki process in the West. "Seven million Ukrainians died in Congressional Delegation, we respect­ human rights to a shift in priorities by 1932-33 as a result of Stalin's forced fully request that you resist this effort the Reagan administration. Although there were some tense starvation. This event marks perhaps on the part of the Department of "Currently, the Soviets pay no penalty moments during the question and the largest mass murder in this century; Education to minimize the overwhelm­ for suppressing human-rights activi­ answer session between Mr. Schifter indeed, more people died under Stalin's ing historic tragedy of the murder of 7 ties," said the source. and members of the House and Senate, policies in Ukraine than died in the Nazi million Ukrainians. We ask that the the chief U.S. envoy to the Ottawa Holocaust. appropriate sections be restored to their No longer serious meeting was praised for representing "We do not agree with the Education former status as an integral part of the the United States during the six weeks Department's decision to relegate the educational materials on the subject." Sen. Alfonse D`Amato. the chairman of difficult and agoni/ing negotiations. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26 New cardinal visits Ukrainian Catholics Americans for Due Process say B'nai B'rith report is slanderous

WOODHAVEN. NY. Americans integrity and the good name of the for Due Process, a group that monitors entire Ukrainian and Baltic the activity of the Office of Special communities although "obviously, such investigations, has -charged that the is not the case." B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation League's Patrick Buchanan, who is now the report titled "I he Campaign Against White House communications director, the U.S. Justice Department's is the locus of special attention for his Prosecution of Suspected War syndicated columns concerning Criminals" is of a "slanderous and de­ Ukrainian John Dcmjanjuk in the famatory nature." report's section titled "An Influential ADP. which is one of live ethnic Supporter." organizations that, according ui the A separate section called "An Activist ADL report, was "lounded for the sole Attorney" assails the publisher of purpose of opposing the Justice "Exhibits Documenting the U.S. Department's prosecution of Nazi war Department of Justice's Office of criminals." reacted to the report with a Special Investigations Cooperation letter to the B'nai B`rilh`s national with Soviet KGB Procurators." chairman. Kenneth I Bialkin. The Chicago attorney S. Paul Zumbakis. charges made in the report are "either and describes him as a "leading voice in exaggerated or have no basis in fact. We the campaign against the Justice consider them to be ol a slanderous and Department." defamatory nature." noted the ADP's Section VII ol the report is titled June 13 letter. "Anti-Semitism in the Anti-OSI Cam­ Named in the B'nai B'rith report paign." It assails the ethnic press, along with ADP were: the Coalition lor including articles which have appeared Constitutional Justice and Security in Homin Uk rainy, I he I ruth (des­ based in Los Angeles, the Committee cribed as a quarterly distributed by the Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky celebrates liturgy at St. George Ukrainian Against the Use of Soviet Evidence Ukrainian Congress Committee of Catholic Church in New York. With him are Bishop Basil Losten and the Rev. (Cleveland), the Committee to Defend America). The Ukrainian Quarterly and Patrick Paschak. Lithuanian Rights (Chicago) and the an April 19 press release issued bv the Latvian Truth Eund (New York I. NEW YORK Newly consecrated Catholic Church as a symbol of jurisdic­ UCCA. Dr. Petro Mirchuk and his Cardinal Myrosla\ Lubachivsky arrived tion. It consists of a band made ol while Abraham H. Foxman, associate publications and trial testimony are also in North America to visit Ukrainian lamb's wool, passing around the national director of the ADL and head covered in this section. of its International Affairs Division, Catholic communities throughout the shoulders and hanging down in front The organization Americans lor Due said the attempt to halt the OSl`s Nazi United States and Canada. , and back. Process is dealt with extensively in the war criminal prosecutions including Although the cardinal had planned report, and Rasa Razgaitis. ADP co­ abolishing the OSI is a "propaganda an extended lour, visiting the various The cardinal had already visited the ordinator, is described as "one ol the campaign which sometimes includes eparchies, his trip was cut short on major Ukrainian Catholic parishes in principal organizers ol the anli-OS'l anti-Semitism and denial of central Wednesday. June 26. when the pope New York and Chicago. He had been campaign." facts of the Nazi Holocaust in which 6 summonded him to Vatican City to scheduled (o attend the Youth for Since its inception in I9S2. \DP has million Jews were annihilated." receive the pallium, an ecclesiastical Christ convention in Stamford the steadfastly taken the position that the collar bestowed upon hierarchs of the weekend of June 28-30. A special consultant for this report congressional mandate which led to the was Eli M. Rosenbaum. formerly a formation ol a special unit in the Justice prosecutor with the Office ol Special Department, the Office ol Special Investigations (OSI). Investigations, is a noble one. \DP Suspended married priests reinstated The ADL report states that some criticism of the OSI stems from the ethnic organizations have implied that methods and procedures employed in TORONTO Suspensions of the American dioceses were under strict the OSI prosecutions are attacks on the (Continued on page 16) three Ukrainian Catholic priests accused Vatican orders not to ordain married by the Vatican ol having been ordained priests of the Eastern rite. A 1984 letter illegally were officially lilted. The from the Sacred Congregation of the Obituaries Catholic Register recently reported. Eastern Churches said the three were The Revs. Andrew Kormanik. Terry ordained "illicite et in fraudem." Lo"/.ynsky and John Girhiny, married But Eastern rite ordinations at that Terenti Nazaruk, Baptist deacon priests of the Eastern rite, received time were still being granted in special CHICAGO Euneral services were Missionary and Bible Society and for a letters from the Sacred Congregation cases by the Vatican, and. sources told held June 8 for Terenti Nazaruk. a time served as lay pastor of the Ukrai­ lor the Oriental Churches ending all the Register. Bishop Rusnak. who is deacon at the Eirst Ukrainian Baptist nian Baptist Church in Obera. Argen­ censure and allowing them to continue now Eparch of Canadian Slovaks and is Church of Chicago. He died on June 6 tina. at the age of 81. with their duties. I he priests, suspended based in Unionville, Onl.. believed he He came to Chicago in early 1970 and Brother Nazaruk also had been following their 1975 ordinations by then had special verbal permission to ordain in 1972 was ordained a deacon. Auxiliary Bishop Michael Rusnak. the men. chairman for six years and vice-chair­ man for four years of the Church Services were held from the Muzyka were ordained because ol a shortage of All three continued with their duties Euneral Home to Elmwood Cemetery local Eastern rite priests. despite the suspension and were re­ Council, and he served as a Sunday school teacher until 1982. lor burial, with Pastor Olexa R. Harbu- minded of that suspension in a terse ziuk officiating. In its letter, the congregation said it letter from the Sacred Congregation He was born in Volhynia. Ukraine, was "motivated by the desire to give last September. on April 10. 1904. and went to Argen­ Brother Nazaruk is survived by four spiritual peace, alter having heard the The Rev. Lozynsky. pastor of St. tina in 1929. He served there for many daughters, two sons, seven grand­ favorable opinion" of Bishop Isidore Demetrius Church in Weston, Onl.. years as a missionary of the Ukrainian children and lour great-grandchildren. Borecky. The letter was signed by (old the Catholic publication he is glad Cardinal Wladyslaw Rubin, prelect of the matter has been resolved. the secretariat, and its secretary. Arch­ "It's like a-wound that's been fester­ bishop Mvroslaw Marusyn. ing." said the priest who married his Paul Duda, former UNA advisor According to The Register, the priests wile. Veronica, in 1969 and has two WINDSOR. Can. - Paul Duda. were ordained at a time when North children. former UNA supremeadvisorand chief agent in Canada, died here on June 6. He was 87. N.J. commission surveys curricula Mr. Duda was born March 17. 1897. in Kolodno. Ukraine, and served in the TRENTON, N.J. The Governor's recommendations. Ukrainian Galician Army during the Commision on Eastern European and Last year. Gov. Thomas H. Kean liberation struggle of World War I. An Captive Nations History has mailed a signed an Executive Order 69 which activist in Ukrainian communities in questionnaire on East European studies established the Commission on Eastern Canada and Detroit. Mr. Duda also to all secondary schools in New Jersey. European and Captive Nation History. served as honorary chairman of the By the time the survey is completed at The New Jersey Commission is the Detroit UNA District Committee. the end of June, the commission first of its kind in the nation, created in which was established to conduct a response to'grovving concern on the part The funeral liturgy took place on June thorough study of school curricula of many citizens of New Jersey about K in St. Volodymyr`s Church and Mr. dealing with the history of the peoples the inadequacy el such studies and Duda was buried at St. Alphonse of Eastern Europe will be able to about the implications of this situation Cemetery. Mr. Duda is survived by his assess the status of East European in terms of U.S. national interests and wife, Katherine. and children. Roman studies in the state and mak'e' (Continued on page ІЗ) Paul Duda Duda and Irene Lteh. V -' No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985

THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORUM "Batko Soyuz" pays tribute to fathers at Soyuzivka festival KERHONKSON. NY. - Over 800 persons participated in the Ukrainian National Association's first Father's Day Festival held at the fraternal society's upstate resort, Soyuzivka. on Sunday, June 16. Many of the guests arrived on buses chartered by local UNA branches in the districts of Lehigh Valley. Pa.. Newark. N.J.. Troy-Albany. N.Y.. and Provi­ dence" Woonsocket, R.I. The tribute to fathers - which is envisioned as an annual event began with a divine liturgy celebrated in the Holy Trinity Ukrainian Catholic Church A luncheon in Soyuzivka`s main dining room followed. The highlight of the Father's Day Festival was an entertainment program staged in the Veselka auditorium. The program was emceed by UNA Supreme Organizer Stefan Hawrysz. who had taken the initiative in planning the Father's Day program. Introductory remarks were given by UNA Supreme President John O. Flis, who greeted all the guests and noted Roma Pryma Bohachevsky's Syzokryli dancers. that the entire Ukrainian community should honor fathers on this day for raising their children to become good members of that community. Mr. Flis also informed the audience that the UNA had recently established a special committee to combat the defa­ 6 dfr- j mation ol Ukrainians, the Ukrainian .1"? Heritage Defense Committee. The program then proceeded with the presentation of a Father's Day bouton- 1 1 niere to Mr. Flis, as a father and grandfather and as the president of i"sep л^Иг,. "Batko Soyuz," as the UNA is known in к f `` jga^2^A the Ukrainian community. "Mnohaya JB! BK Lita" was sung for all fathers. "' The audience was entertained by the 4ІІІЯ Syzokryli dance ensemble directed by Roma Pryma Bohachevsky, the ban- Jfi ' ^ИИ^ ЩШ durists duo of Julian Kytasty and Ken s ,iP "^ r Bloom, and accordionist AlecChudolij. `.b H ilL лЯ Ш A humorous skit about a UNA Щ . f organizer was staged by Toronto actors Accordionist Alec Chudolij. ` - -- Щ f Volodymyr Dovhaniuk. Maria Levyt- ЩШ і : sky and Yuriy Belsky. Mr. Dovhaniuk year by "baiKo Soyuz" to honor all also appeared solo as the renowned fathers. "Hryts Zozulia." a folk philosopher. The monologue, too, was about the Among UNA`ers in attendance were: Ш," UNA, its leading members and commu­ UNA Supreme Secretary WalterSochan, nity life in the United States. Supreme Advisors Anna Haras. Walter At the conclusion of the program Mr. Kwas, Andrew Keybida and Roman Flis once again took the stage, this time Tatarsky, and District Chairmen to thank all the performers and con­ Tvmko Butrcy of Shamokin, Pa.. Julian ЯЯдИВІ^^и ЯЯ gratulate Mr. Hawrysz on the success of Baraniuk of Newark, Paul Shewchuk of the program he had planned, noting Albany, and Mr. Chudolij of Woon­ Ж ,в socket. - ^'ЩШЩщш that such programs should be held each '. : :`:i.-'`-`` ,:.' йЙ ^м Bandurists Ken Bloom and Julian Kytasty.

` 1 Ш:--'г, щ '1 V feiv-"`'' ' gr^`m ШШі `i` .Л' 1 `'"-' W тЩ eBfe ; f шф `MM Щ ШІ ж і 4Я^КЗ аИр/

Ж Program emcee Stefan Hawrysz and UNA President John Flis. Actors Yuriy Belsky, Maria Levytsky and Volodymyr Dovhaniuk. 6 ЖЕ UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26

Ukrainian Weekly Faces and Places by Myron B. Kuropas Independence Day As the hostage drama continues to unfold in Beirut, Americans are reminded daily of the highly valued yet fragile nature of personal The Anti-Defamation League report freedom. From its infancy, the American nation has revered individual This is the first in a two-part series of editors of Homin Ukrainy. liberty not only as "an unalienable right" but as even more valuable columns in response to the 40-page '2. The January 1982 issue of The than life itself. And this is evident by the place this principle has taken report recently published by the Anti- Truth, described by the ADL as a in U.S. history. Defamation League of the B'nai B`rith UCCA quarterly. No greater symbol of American reverence for freedom exists than tilled "The Campaign Against the U.S. The publication, according to the the Declaration of Independence, perhaps the most unique and Justice Department's Prosecution of ADL, quoted a UCCA spokes­ enduring political document in the history of the West. Dedicated to Suspected Nazi War Criminals. "Part II man who complained that "the the preservation of national independence, the document also secured will appear next week. OSI has been completely influenced and specific individual freedoms needed to attain the goals of "life, liberty controlled by the Jewish lobby,"and an and the pursuit of happiness." Three Jewish American organizations Estonian who complained that the Perhaps the greatest evidence of the value and, concurrently, the have now become part of the KGB- judge who presided over the Karl initiated Ukrainian defamation cam­ fragility of individual liberty, is how frequently it is abrogated and Linnas case was a Jew. paign in the United States. Although I know of no UCCA quar­ used a weapon of terror against Americans. As a friend of one of the The first was the Simon Wiesenthal terly publication titled The Truth, 111 Americans being held hostage said recently, "When one American is a Center for Holocaust Studies in Los assume the accuracy of the quotes and hostage, we all are hostages." Angeles, which provided "research ask: What's anti-Semitic about them? If Let's hope the Fourth of July holiday this year will represent more assistance" for a 1985 book titled the Jewish lobby was instrumental in than just a day off from work, but will`serve as an opportunity for all "American Swastika." creating the OSI why wouldn't it have an Americans to reaffirm their fundamental belief in the value of 1 reviewed that book in The Ukrai­ influence on its activities? Even Allan A. individual freedom. nian Weekly of April 21, clearly demon­ Ryan Jr. acknowledges that the Jewish strating that it was little more than a community has watched the OSI "very warmed-over piece of Soviet disinfor­ closely" from its inception. mation. As for the Estonian quote, would the The second Jewish organization to ADL have us believe that Jewish judges join the Ukrainian defamation cam­ have no feelings regarding the Holo­ paign was the World Jewish Congress caust and are therefore totally impartial (WJC), which on March 29 issued a while sitting in judgement of alleged press release accusing Ukrainian and Nazi war criminals? Baltic "emigre groups" of engaging in " 3. An "open letter" to then Israeli "an intensive and shocking campaign Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir pub­ aimed at undermining the Justice De­ lished in the summer 1984 issue of The partment's Nazi prosecution program." Ukrainian Quarterly, which suggested Alleging that efforts to hold the that "the extradition to Israel of John Justice Department's Office of Special Demjanjuk would tend to generate a Investigations (OS1) accountable for its new wave of anti-Semitism." many blatant violations of due process This statement was taken out of was "fraught with ill-concealed anti- context, but it does refer to the belief Semitism" and "an indecent attempt to among many Ukrainians (including protect the murderers of millions of some Ukrainian Jews living in Israel) men, women and children," WJC offi­ that Mr. Demjanjuk would not receive a cials condemned Ukrainian and Baltic fair trial if he were extradited. Written organizations for attempting to conceal by Nina Strokata and Sviatoslav Кага– the fact "thaiJijtler's annihilation of 6 vansky, two former Soviet political pri­ million Jews waVsarried out not by soners, the letter suggested to the Israeli Germans alone butrsther with the prime minister (perhaps naively) that he extensive collaboration(tmphasis mine) was being used by the KGB. "It seems to of Lithuanians, Latviaas, Ukrainians, us that the government of Israel itself," Estonians and other Europeans." wrote Dr. Strokata and Mr. Karavan- TO THE WEEKLY CONTRIBUTORS: 1 didn't respond to trie WJC because 1 sky, "was caught in the nets laid out by was unable to obtain a copy of its full the enemies of Zionism, an entrapment report, which supposedly-substantiated that would promote mutual hostility We greatly appreciate the materials - feature articles, news stories, the outrageous allegations. among their victims. K)day`s and of the press clippings, letters to the editor, and the like— we receivefrom our The third Jewish American organiza­ future, and that would tend to generate readers. tion to join the fray against Ukrainians a new wave of anti-Semtism." In order to facilitate preparation of The Ukrainian Weekly, we ask is the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) " 4. A UCCA press release dated that the guidelines listed below be followed. of the B'nai B`rith, which released a 40- April 19, which clearly declares that the page report on June 9 echoing many of UCCA "shares the same goals and the WJC allegations. aspirations" of American Jewish or­ " News stories should be sent in not later than 10 days after the Since the ADL was kind enough to ganizations and suggests that the occurrence of a given event. send me its full report, I have an "hysterical responses" of those who obligation to respond. attack Jewish organizations are the ' Information about upcoming events must be received by noon of Like the WJC, the ADL accuses result of the OSI witch hunt. the Monday before the date of The Weekly edition in which the those Ukrainians who question OS1 Although I don't agree with the information is to be published. tactics of somehow being "tainted"with language of the UCCA press release or ' All materials must be typed and double-spaced. anti-Semitism. To substantiate this its implications, I don't sec how one generalization, the ADL offers the can conclude they are anti-Semitic, " Newspaper and magazine clippings must be accompanied by the following evidence. unless, of course, all criticisms of the name of the publication and the date of the edition. "LA July 16. 1982. article in OSI are now to be viewed as anti- Homin Ukrainy which characterized Semitic. " Photographs submitted for publication must be black and white the OSI as "some kind of Old Testa­ " 5. Dr. Peter Mirchuk`s book, "My (or color with good contrast). They will be returned only when so ment vengeance"and referred tocharges Meetings and Discussions in Israel," in requested and accompanied by a stamped, addressed envelope. by Rep. Barney Frank rcgarding"killers which he makes statements which can of Yids" being brought to America easily be interpreted as anti-Semitic. ' Full names and their correct English spellings must be provided. after World War II. Having read Mr. Mirchuk`s book. I What is anti-Semitic about references can defend few of his views. " Persons who submit any materials must provide a phone number to the Old Testament and Jewish per­ And that's it, the complete ADL case where they may be reached during the working day if any additional ceptions of the OSI as a vehicle of justice? against those Ukrainian Americans information is required. And what is anti-Semitic about the term who dare to question the OSI`s viola­ 'zhid," the Ukrainian termfqg^w?That tions of the civil rights of citizens. We're - MATERIALS MUST BE SENT DIRECTLY TO: THE UKRAINIAN he ADL translator chose to'translate anti-Semitic because of one article in WEEKLY, 30 MONTGOMERY, ST., JERSEY CITY, N J. 07302. .hat term as Yid is more an example of Homin Ukrainy. another in a UCCA her anti-Semitism than that of „the (Continued on page 14) No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 7 Ethnic education: is it relevant in American society?

by Bohdan Y. Cymbalist) "common studies" or "experiences,", via teaching of students a sense of their identity in the dimension of an ethnic language at home, or in Saturday/Sunday time." This is particularly important for "modern man. PART HI schools and through participation in the life of an deracinated and transient, who lives in the present and ethnic group. for the future ... Students of history into whose Ethnic education as part of humanities consciousness the past has become incorporated have Ethnic history in this way achieved a more complex identity." (Pratt, This cetical review of American education on the 1974'). elementary, secondary and college levels, particularly Margaret Mead, a renowned cultural anthropolo­ Radical Americanization, in the sense of extinguish­ its emphasis on practical, narrowly defined vocational gist, repeatedly stated how important it is that children ing any memory of historical roots, would lead to a instructions with the neglect of the humanities and be raised with a sense of their own personal history. rootlessness which afflicts modern man. arts, lets us better appreciate the value of ethnic When each individual in a society knows who he is and Youths learning the history of their country of education. where he fits on the long and rich continuum of his origin acquire a better knowledge of the history of To many, ethnic education does not seem to have family history, he becomes protective of that family Europe, Asia, Africa from where their ancestors came. any practical value. It falls in the scope of the and the tradition it so highly values. If, for example, a Ukrainian student learns well U.S. humanities, since it consists mostly of learning history, The honor, traditions of the family and awareness of history in school, and the history of Ukraine, which is ethnic language, literature, art. Thus, ethnic education past achievements creates a sense of responsibility for closely tied to the history of Eastern Europe, in an appears to be a very important humanistic supplement the future. The youth, secure of his own identity and of ethnic school, he will have not only wider knowledge to the education received in the American public his place in a chain of generations, is, according to Dr. but also a better understanding of the past and present schools and, as such, contributes to the idea of what Mead, less prone to violence against the greater social realities in the world. constitutes "an educated person." family. In short, he belongs and he wants to keep According to a report issued by the National Endow­ belonging. Ethnic language ment for HumanitiesrStudentsgraduatingfromcollege The history of the family is tied to the history of the should have encountered a core of common studies nation of which the family is a member, or to the Ethnic education also includes the teaching of an embracing such elements as a careful reading of history of the ethnic group. The knowledge of one's ethnic language, which is done mostly in the early several masterpieces of English, American and roots creates historical consciousness, i.e., awareness years in the family and is continued in special Saturday European literature, proficiency in a foreign language, of one's relationship across generations and time to the schools or bilingual schools. There is a considerable familiarity with at least one non-Western culture or larger group. This helps develop an inner sense of body of research about the effects of bilingualism on civilization." continuity. the cognitive and social-emotional development of A report on "Integrity in the College Curriculum," This inner sense of historical continuity is en­ children. recently published by the Association of American gendered not only by systematic teaching and learning Bilingual education is quite widespread in the Colleges, after three years`study and critical analysis of of political history but also through customs and world. Most nations of Europe are multi-ethnic and, the present college curriculum, proposes "a minimum traditions transmitted from generation to generation. as a result, multilingual: the Catalans and Basques in required curriculum" designed to cover the "intellec­ Ukrainian folk songs, ancient carols, pysanky with Spain; the Bretons and Pfovencals in France; the tual, aesthetic and philosophical experiences" neces­ rich pre-historic symbolism, etc., bind the present Welsh and Scots in the United Kingdom; the Flemings sary to an educated person. The report lists nine generations to their ancestors and permit them to live and Waloons in Belgium;'the Bavarians in Germany; "experiences." among them: historical consciousness, the special experience of the historical continuity of the Romanish, German and French in Switzerland; values, art, international and multicultural ex­ their culture. Antiques, be they furniture, vases, rugs, the Slovenes, Croatians, Serbs, Albanians and periences. utensils, are highly prized, not because of their present Macedonians in Yugoslavia; and many nationalities in Ethnic education provides the best opportunity for usefulness, but because of their antiquity. The the Soviet Union. The Canadian province of Quebec youths to study some of the elements of this core of awareness of their age evokes special associations and has twoVfficial languages: French and English. emotions, and makes us handle them with special care. Via emigration to another country the use of an Bohdan Y. Cymbalisiy, Ph.D.. is director of the The same is valid for ethnic traditions and ethnic folk ethnic language is lost unless a large group settles in ``Pbiclwlogical youth clinic at a Juvenile correctional cultures. A person having the opportunity for such (Continued on page 10) institution in New Jersey. He is also president of the aesthetic and historical experiences has a richer and hoard of trustees of The Ukrainian Museum in New- more interesting life. I. Pratt, D. (1974). "The functions of teaching history.' York. "A major function of history teaching is to give The History Teacher, VII (3). pp. 410-425. For the record:Ukrainian prisoners' submission to Deschenes Commission

Following is the text of a brief developed in Ukraine when Hitler that occupational forces of the Third which at the end of November 1941, submitted to the Commission of in­ broke the non-aggression pact with Reich also brought with them a political numbered 11,957 prisoners. In four quiry on War Criminals by Dr. Michael Stalin on June 22, 1941, and invaded the ideology which completely conflicted months all prisoners were liquidated. At Marunchak on behalf of the Commit­ Soviet Union. This invasion generated with Ukrainian culture and political the same time, the civilian population of tee of Ukrainian Political Prisoners and countless crimes and war crimes on this tradition. The concept of Germanic race Kiev was undergoing great losses, presented at the public hearing of the territory. superiority "as the purest Aryans" or including the execution of Ukrainian "highest speciman of humanity on writers and cultural activitists. (Fe­ commission in Winnipeg on May 22. It must be said that Ukrainians earth" as well as the concept of the bruary 1942) initially welcomed the German Army authoritatian state were foreign to the I am pri\ ileged ю submit a brief on because the Ukrainian struggle and The Nazis also started to build Ukrainian soul. behalf of the Con mittee of Ukrainian dream has always been the same: a free concentration camps on Ukrainian Political Pisoners of Nazi Concentra­ and independent Ukraine. In their The envisaged conflict with the territory and simultanously created tion Camps, an organization of national memory was the traumatic experience occupied forces crystali/ed as soon as ghettos for the Jews. In the course of scope base I in Winnipeg which was of the Soviet famine-genocide in U- the Ukrainians proclaimed political time, they constructed 32 concentration formed in 948 after the arrival to kraine during 1932-33 which claimed independence on June30. 1941. It must camps on Ukrainian territory. Most of Canada of he first political prisoners over 7 million lives, liquidated victims be stressed that the proclamation con­ them were Gestapo harboring points for from Eur- ne. The purpose of this of horrendous gulags, and mass execu­ travened the will of the new occupant. the transportation of prisoners from organizati( ha` `n two-fold: tions during the so-called Yezhovsh- Shortly after, the newly established Ukraine to Western concentration ' provis; in o: `,ocial Services for camps. All of them were administered needy members; by the Gestapo - the sole decision- ' espous .1 of democratic ideals for ...German occupation in Ukraine resulted in the exter­ making body in this field. which our members fought in their Within a few months of German native land. mination of 3,898,457 civilians and 7,366,588 military... occupation, the social structure of Having witnessed lately a great deal Ukraine was segregated along the lines of assault in our Canadian mass media of "Nur fur Deutsche": exclusively on various Mhnic groups in regard to chyna, and the liquidation of the na­ Ukrainian government was arrested. German transportation, accommoda­ participat in in war crimes during tional life in Western Ukraine after the The occupiers pressured the leaders of tions, restaurants, casinos, films, living World War II in connection with partition of Poland between Hitler and the Organization of Ukrainian Nationa­ quarters, marketplaces, etc.; Ukrai­ establishment of the Commission of Stalin. In addition, in various cities, lists to revoke the proclamation, and nians and Poles were second-class Inquiry on War Crimes in Eastern Ukrainians discovered human piles of failing to get compliance, in September people; the Jews were designated in Europe and alleged existing war cri­ thousands of murdered prisoners — 1941, they conducted massive arrests of ghettos as third class. minals in Canada, we offered our sons and daughters, who were murdered Ukrainian nationalists on the western Even in the concentration camps, readiness as former political prisoners, by the NKVD (KGB) during the de­ territory of Ukraine, which was at that Ukrainian prisoners receiyed harsher to add some clarification to the situa­ parture of Soviet troops. time part of the so-called General treatment than other nationalities. They tion in Ukraine at the time and as first­ Government administration. were not allowed to wear distinctive hand witnesses. We express our appre­ But Hitler's intentions were far from national identification as had been ciation to the commission for giving us Ukrainian aspirations. He sought in As early as August and September accorded by "the system to the French, the opportunity to submit our presenta­ Eastern Europe lebensraum (living over 2,000 Ukrainian war prisoners Belgian, Czechs, Poles, Russians and tion at this public session. space), and Ukrainian territory, as the were taken to the Auschwitz concen­ others. The Ukrainians were required to Taking into consideration that me­ breadbasket of Europe, was the main tration camp only to be immediately wear the marking initial letters of the mories become distorted with time, and target of occupation. The interests of murdered. From September to Novem­ last occupying powers of Ukraine in very often facts of history need re- the Germans and Ukrainians clashed at ber, concentration camps were created 1939. Also. Ukrainians from the USSR emphasizing, it is necessary first to the very beginning of the German in Auschwitz for the so-called "Russis- were forbidden to receive mail and food recall the political situation which occupation. We should keep in mind che Kriegsgefangene," a special lager (Continued on page 12) 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26 North Dakotans recallyUkrainian Experience' with historical program

DICKINSON, N.D. — North Dakota Ukrainians continue to study and be that a little of the spirit of the French also for the survival of Ukrainian Ukrainians celebrated their heritage compile their heritage, it is safe to say Revolution bestirred their souls?" traditions, especially the Ukrainian during a "Ukrainian Experience" week­ that this bond will not be broken." The Rev. Bobersky identified his 31- Catholic churches, the language and end on May 3-5. Alvin Kapusta. a special assistant year tenure in North Dakota as a community, and placed hope in the Preparation for the historic event, for Soviet nationalities for the U.S. State confrontation with challenges, one of youth. which attracted some 1,000 partici­ Department, who was born in Max, which came from a Latin-rite cleric who The results of a survey conducted pants, began in February 1984 when the N.D., spoke on Baptists in the state, said Ukrainian priests are of little faith. among the North Dakota Ukrainians Ukrainian Cultural institute and noting that in 1898, seven families from The second challenge was a predic­ was presented by Dr. Michael Soper. Dickinson State College obtained a eastern Ukraine emigrated from Kiev to tion by a Latin-rite cleric that all professor of history and director of the grant from the North Dakota Council North Dakota. Ukrainian Catholics of the Ukrainian symposium. The survey revealed a on the Humanities. With matching rite would be absorbed into the Latin strong interest in the traditions and funds from the Ukrainian Cultural rite within 25 years. support for cultural institutions. Several Institute, members of the two institu­ Evangelical Christian Baptists "This to me was not only a challenge, responses indicated a former affiliation tions developed the North Dakota but it was to be a sacrifice." he said. with a Ukrainian church, but a drifting Ukrainian Oral History Project and the They were members of the Protestant away from it as a factor in their lives. Ukrainian Symposium. sect which called itself "Evanhelski Ukrainians today Since the survey was the first of its Throughout 1984. Pamela Evoniuk Khristiany." but pejoratively they were kind, the audience input suggested and /Vgnes Palanuk conducted inter­ called Stundists. The newcomers to this A profile of present-day Ukrainian continued measuring ol community views in three communities with immi­ country called the new land "Svoboda" immigrants, their memories of Ukraine, with this method. grants trom western and eastern (liberty) in honor of the religious their reasons for emigrating, their Ukraine Categorizing the histories of freedom they found, stated Mr. education levels, as gleaned from the The summaries of the papers delivered these immigrants into four groups Kapusta. interviews, was the topic of a presenta­ were published in a 40-page booklet and three emigration periods and first- The Ukrainian Baptists had difficult) tion by Ms. Palanuk. executive director are available for S4 from the Ukrainian generation Ukrainian Americans with their national identity because of of the UCI and a local historian, who Cultural Institute. Box Й6 D.S.C.. they compiled A 100-year history of the tsarist`s ukase which expressly s:ii(t і he immigrants voiced concern Dickinson. N.D. 58601. Ukrainians in Ukraine and in America. forbade the use of the Ukrainian lan-. Oxford scholar Clay Jenkinson photo­ guage. stated Mr. Kapusta. adding that graphed the interviewees in a con­ they were forced to use the Russian Three community pioneers honored temporary setting. language in their Bible reading and \rrtid this display ol portraits of hymn singing. Ukrainian pioneers, the first self-study The religious movement experienced of a Ukrainian community was pre­ increasing levels of Oppression and. sented in the form of a Ukrainian fmiling this intolerable, they searched symposium for a place to emigrate and. coming to America, they were.attracted to North 19th century Galicia: a perspective Dakota specifically by the Homestead Act, he said. Their church was the first Jaroslaw Sztendcra, a professor of Russo-Ukrainian Baptist Church in East European history, opened the North America. symposium with a perspective on 19th century (ialicia. noting that researching Ukrainians on the prairies and compiling the information was not only an intellectual pursuit but also Dr. Theodore Pedeliski. a native son, a way of maintaining a bond with the spoke on rural Ukrainian Catholic land of the forefathers and a way by settlements in North Dakota. His which history', traditions and values are grandparents served as a primary source transmitted from one generation to of information, providing insights into another. the characteristics of the people and the In his overview; Prof. S/tendera. who vehicles which helped them survive, he At the testimonial banquet (from left): Dr. Jaroslaw Terlecki. the Rev. L. was born m Ukraine, presented the said. Brydl, the Rev. Michael Bobersky, the Rev. Nestor Pedeliski and Dr. Bohdan setting in which the Ukrainians, stripped "What accounts for this successful Hordinskv. of their influential leaders, divided settlement'.'" he asked. "Their determi­ among unsympathetic neighbors and nation was one certain factor and their DICKINSON. N.D. - North Ro/alia Prohcra, His father without an economic base, decided that familiarity with primitive techniques of Dakotans honored three golden emigrated from Lopushanka, they would join the family of nations agriculture made them aptly suited for jubilarians, the Rev. Michael Lechnova, and his mother came and gain a voice in their native land. He the settlements on the prairies." Bobersky. Dr. Bohdan Z. Hordinskv from Khorobriv in western Ukraine. detailed the obstacles they had and Dr. Jaroslaw Terlecki. on May 5. He attended the Angclicum Univer­ to overcome in the political structure, in The role of the Church The celebration brought together sity and the University ol the education, in the Ukrainian language Ukrainians from all parts ol the state, Propagation of Faith in Rome and usage and even in their identity as a The Rev. Michael Bobersky. pastor representing emigration from was ordained February 24. 1935. by nation with a history. of the Ukrainian Catholic parishes in western and eastern Ukraine. Bishop Kotsylovsky of Pcremyshl. He gave credit to Austro-Hungarian North Dakota and Montana (1945- Ukrainian Catholics. Orthodox and He served parishes in Massachu­ Empress Maria Theresa and Joseph 11 76). presented accounts of personal Baptists. setts and New Hampshire and in for the cultural revival and to the clergy experiences interacting first with the The ecumenical celebration was 1945 became the pastor of the lor its leadership. Ukrainian immigrants and then with sponsored by the Ukrainian C`ultural Ukrainian Catholic parishes in "Having been exposed to the process their children. He was the first Ameri­ Institute (UCI) of North Dakota. North Dakota and Montana. He of revival, the first immigrants brought can born Ukrainian priest to serve as - To honor and recognize the retired due to poor health and resides this experience to whatever country pastor. f dedication of the jubilarians. the in Arizona during the winter months. they call their home." said Prof. "The congregation as a whole were1 a Ukrainian Cultural Institute He chose to celebrate his golden Sztendcra. "They brought iheirchurches good hospitable people." he said. "They announced .the establishment of a jubilee in the parish where he served and reading rooms. They established moved their church, their pastor and Ukrainian Hall of Eame (to be 31 years. schools, mutual aid societies and the they kept the traditions of their fore­ named) and the admission of the Dr. Hordinskv was born in prc'ss. In the lai distant lands, they fathers. But there was a non-conformists, jubilarians as the first members. western Ukraine. He emigrated continue to maintain a bond with their element in the church. Emigrating to The Rev. Bobersky was bom in during World War II. coming to New native land. And the fact that you arc America, the land of the free, was like Berwick. Pa., the son of John and (Continued on page 14) here today and that the American letting the bird out of the cage. Could it

Symposi"m speakers (from left): Dr. Michael Soper, Jaroslaw Sztendera, Alvin Kapusta, Dr. Theodore Pedeliski, the Rev. Michael Bobersky, Agnes Palanuk. No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 9 The Ukrainian community in Brazil: a traveling bishop's view by Bishop Basil H. Lost en of Stamford as tour guide, chaulfeuring us in the car purchased for the listers last year by the PARTI Diocese of Stamford. First we came to the beautiful section of the city where It had always been my dream to set the monastery of the Basilian Fathers is aside some time to visit our Ukrainians located. The Rev. Dionysius Lia- in Brazil. I would probably never have khovych, the hegumen. greeted us. Soon realized this goal had not Bishop Efraim he was joined by the Rev. Proto- Krevey of Brazil planned a celebration hegumen Theodore Halyckij and the during the last week of April. Rev. Dorothcus Kuyfer, and they gave Ukrainians began to settle in Brazil in us a personal tour of the building. Wc the 1870s. but the first compact groups also paid a visit to Bishop Joseph arrived between 1895 and 1897. Today, Martcncz, now 80 years old and bed­ of the perhaps 200.000 Ukrainian ridden, who was the first Ukrainian Brazilians, only six percent arc origi­ bishop in Brazil. nally from Europe, while the rest arc natives of this large country of 130 With a new driver, Eugene Chomyn. million. The number of Ukrainian a student at the monastery, we went lo Catholics is estimated to be over see the Taras Shevchenko monument 150.000. and they are cared for by- and the convent of the Sister Servants, Bishop Krevey. 60 priests, most of them who conduct a grammar school for 600 members of the Order of St. Basil the children. There wc met Bishops Michael Great, apd some 500 sisters of several Hrynchyshyn of France, Myron Daciuk religious institutes of women. of Winnipeg and Jerome Chimy of New Westminster . as well as Mother A two-hour Might took Bishop Frances, the general superior. Sister Robert Moskal of Parma, Ohio, and me Zita. the provincial, and other sisters over 5.000 miles from New York via from Brazil, the United States. Canada. Miami lo Rio dc Janeiro a long and Bishops Basil I.osten and Robert Moskal on mountaintop overlooking Rio de arduous trip easier to endure than a (Continued on page 13) Janeiro. flight to Europe because there is no time difference

A most beautiful city

Rio dc Janeiro is a city many travelers consider one of the most beautiful human settlements of the world because of its location in a splendid bay. at the foot of spectacular mountains. Rio was onee the capital of Brazil, which is bigger than the 48 contiguous states of the United States In 1960 the seal oft he government was transferred some 600 miles northward into the interior where a new capital. Brasilia, was carved out of the jungle. Rio is still the real heart and mind ol the country: A sightseeing coach took us the next morning. Wednesday. April 24. from the Sheraton Hotel on a panoramic tour. We drove south, first through the rapidly developing residential suburb of Sao Conrado and continued into one of the older parts ol the city, called Cosmc Velho. Irom which we took a train up the mountain to ihc Corcovado. where the gigantic statue of Christ the Redeemer stands at an cle\ation of 2.300 feet. The panoramic view is truly spectacular, encompassing the city of Rio. Ciuanabaro Bay with the oddly shaped I.280-foot-high Sugarloaf Mountain, the Rodrigo dc Freitas La­ goon and the Atlantic Ocean. Then we returned down a winding highway to the Cascatinha waterfall in the Tijuca Forest, once part of a huge coffee plantation. Brazil's Ukrainian center

On Thursday, April 25. wc traveled 700 miles southward by plane to Curi` tiba, wh"crc the Ukrainian Catholic bishop ol Brazil has his scat. We changed planes in Sao Paulo. Brazil's largest city with 12 million inhabitants and the industrial center of the country. At the airport in Curitiba we were met by Bishop Krevey and Sister Michael of the Basilian Sisters, who took us to the sisters' novitiate, where we celebrated the liturgy and enjoyed a free afternoon. The superior of this convent is Mother Macrina. whose life illustrates the lot of an exiled Ukrainian woman who is serving her fellow man wherever this is needed: she left Stanislaviv in 1938 for Belgium, went to Argentina in 1947. then to the Generalite of the Basilian Order in Rome in 1954. and finally on to Brazil in 1977. Enday. ^\pril 26. was reserved for sightseeing, and Sister Michael served The bishops visiting the Kreffers, a Ukrainian family residing in Marcelino colony. о 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26

communication. differences in learning experience may produce Ethnic education... However, many of them preserve certain knowledge different effects on the development of specific (Continued from page 7) of the language, which permits them to understand it abilities as a part of intelligence. one area. If the immigrants are dispersed, the ethnic and to communicate when the need arises. This For this reason, the investigators used a wide variety language ceases to be used in daily life. This constitutes apparently is enough to bind the members of the ethnic of measures of different types of intelligence. For a main concern of parents, educators and community group into one community and distinguishes them example, they distinguished two categories on a verbal leaders. They are alarmed by the failure of the second from other groups. Such knowledge serves as a symbol test: one required spatial-perceptual coordination and third generations to learn the ethnic language. of ethnic solidarity. and another, symbolic reorganization (as in a picture They demand, for example in Canada, publicly arrangement test of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale, supported bilingual schools. The ethnic groups try to Bilingualism and intellectual development which calls for making a story out of a series of teach the ethnic language to the second and third pictures). What were the results? generations, mostly on a supplementary basis, i.e., in Since bilingualism is such a universal phenomenon The investigators concluded that the bilinguals have the evening or on Saturdays and Sundays. it has attracted the attention of many educators, a general intellectual advantage. The bilinguals appear linguists, psychologists, school administrators and ttrfiave a more diversified set of mental abilities, for Research conducted mainly in Canada shows that government officials. The question most asked was example, are more facile at concept formation and language retention - even in rudimentary form, i.e., whether childhood bilingualism affects the intellectual abstract thinking, and have greater mental flexibility. as the ability to read and understand - promotes functioning of the children. J. Vernon Jensen gives a The bilinguals did not perform better on spatial- ethnic group cohesion. About 40 years ago Edward comprehensive survey of the literature - 220 perceptual type of test. However, they did better on 2 4 Sapir proposed a theory that ethnic language references - on the subject. non-verbal tests involving concept formation or retention creates a powerful social force binding the Most of the research conducted in the 1920s and symbolic flexibility. The ability to think in terms of group members together into a cohesive ethnic 1930s concluded that bilingualism has a detrimental abstract concepts and relations, and independence community. Thus, language is not only a vehicle for effect on intelligence as measured in tests. However, from the actual word, is apparently required in the the expression of the thoughts, perceptions, senti­ this research had many methodological flaws. Such symbolic reorganization test. ments and values of the group but also represents "a factors as the social class background of the children, People who learn to use two languages have fundamental expression of collective social identity." educational opportunities, degree of bilingualism, symbols for every object. "From the early age, amount of exposure to both languages, attitude of The history of Ukraine illustrates well the impor­ bilinguals may be forced to conceptualize environ­ parents and teachers, and the prestige of the language mental events in terms of their general properties tance of language in the process of nation-building. were not taken into consideration. The elevation of folk language(the dialect of ihePoltava. without relying on the linguistic symbols." On the contrary, monolinguals may never have been region) to the level of a literary, "national" language Most recent research using a variety of intelligence that unified all classes of U krainian society constituted forced to form concepts or abstract ideas of things; tests, both verbal and non-verbal, found that Ьіііп– they may be more likely to think mainly in terms of the the beginning of the cultural and, later, political guals score lower on standard verbal tests, but there is rebirth of the Ukrainian nation. Aware of the role of concrete. no difference between monolinguals and bilinguals on A second hypothesis suggested by author is that language in this process, the Russian government tried non-verbal tests (McLaughlin, I9785; Peal, Lambert to suppress it by forbiding the publication of books in bilinguals may have developed more "flexibility in 1962"). thinking," at being trained to switch from one Ukrainian, viewing the Ukrainian language as a Another area of research which produced contra­ dialect of the Russian language to another. dictory results is that of the impact of bilingualism on In the study reported here the bilinguals as a group The Soviet government, although officially re­ the educational progress of children. Is it good for a were significantly better in school grades than the cognizing the Ukrainian language, tries to reduce its child to have been exposed to two languages or is such monolinguals. Bilingualism apparently gives them an use in publications and in administrative agencies, and an experience detrimental to educational achieve­ advantage in those skills which depend on verbal to discourage its daily use by intimidation and veiled ment? There is considerable disagreement in the fluency. threats to those who promote its official use. The literature. A number of studies show that a child's John F. Jacobs and Marriela L. Pierce (1966) defense of the Ukrainian language continues to be one interest and aptitude in language learning are summarized the results of their study with 51 children, of the forms of struggle of Ukrainians for their negatively affected by bilingualism. There is also of which 20 were monolingual American, 16 were national survival. research indicating that, on the contrary, bilingualism Greek American, 17 were Spanish American and 18 The common language also binds people of the offers an educational advantage to the children. "The were Czech American. The bilinguals scored con­ same origin dispersed through different countries. The bilingual child has a sense of prestige and accomplish­ siderably higher on the non-verbal "uses" test of Ukrainian American visiting his relatives in Ukraine, ment that the monolingual child lacks. Knowledge of creativity and slightly lower on the verbal "word- or meeting other Ukrainians living in Ukraine, in an additional language stimulates educational efforts meaning" test. The combined score showed the France, Germany or any other non-English-speaking in general." (McLaughlin, 1978). . bilinguals scoring considerably higher on creativity country would hardly be able to communicate with Some authors point out that at a certain stage of measures. them without knowledge of the Ukrainian language. learning the second language a bilingual may suffer Sandra Ben-Zeev8 in her study with Hebrew English Even if these people knew enough English to establish from a "language handicap." It is interesting to note bilingual children in New York and Israel showed that some conversation, the feeling of closeness, of that despite, or maybe because of, this handicap the bilinguals have "greater skill at auditory reorganiza­ solidarity, of a kind of innate brotherhood would be bilinguals have done consistently better in school work tion" of verbal material, much more "flexible missing in such encounters. The Ukrainian Basilian than monolinguals, though their IQs did not differ manipulation of the linguistic code," better perfor­ monks in Brazil exhort the third and forth generations significantly. Particularly on the college level, the mance on tests of "concrete operational thinking and of Ukrainian immigrants to learn the Ukrainian bilinguals are superior academically to monolingual are better able to analyze language as an abstract language by pointing out to them the need tocommuni- counterparts. Perhaps they are higher achievers system." Other studies indicate that bilinguals are cate with Ukrainians in the United States or Canada because they are driven by the need to compensate the advanced in their ability to separate word meaning who often sponsor their studies and would like to felt language handicap. from word sound, which reflects insight and sophisti­ correspond with them. cation and is an important step in cognitive develop­ Sapir's theory on the role of language in ethnic This area of research faces the same difficulty, 3 namely, the lack of adequate control groups. Most ment. group cohesion was tested by Jeffrey G. Reitz of the As Lambert9 summaries: "Since the time the University of Toronto using data from a cross- early studies failed to take into account some important factors such as social and educational carefully conducted studies in Singapore, Switzerland, sectional survey of Italians, Germans. Ukrainians and South Africa. Israel and New York, western Canada, Poles in five Canadian metropolitan areas. background, acculturation difficulties, the altitudes of children, etc. These are significant methodological flaws. using different methods, all indicate that bilingual "The findings of the study provide striking confir­ In recent years many researchers have begun to children show definite advantages on measures of mation for Sapir's theory that language knowledge in examine the effects of bilingualism on an individual's 'cognitive flexibility,' 'creativity' or 'divergent itself can be a powerful force for ethnic group cognitive functioning. Some of them assumed that thought.'" solidarity. Whatever the intentions of parents, learning two languages from childhood has a favorable Some researchers consider divergent thinking an children raised in an environment conducive to effect on the thinking process. It "frees the mind from index of creativity, othcrssceitasadistinctivccognitive language retention are far more likely to remain within the tyranny of words." Learning that the same things style indicating rich imagination and the ability to go the ethnic fold than those who are not." are referred to by different words, the child develops rapidly over a number of possible solutions. Furthermore, "having no knowledge of ethnic an attitude of detachment from the words and pays language, the effect of parental attitudes in encourag­ attention to the essential, to content. It is more ing ethnicsolidarity is virtually nil. However, when the difficult for a monolingual child to dissociate thought 2. Sapir, E. "Language," in Encyclopedia of Social parents are in favor of maintaining ethnic ties, of from word. Sciences. New York: Mc Millan, 1933. participation in ethnic community life and give them To test this aspect of the influence of bilingualism 3. Reitz. J.G. (1974). "Languageand Ethnic Community Peal and Lambert conducted their own research- Survival." Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology: opportunity to learn ethnic language, the effect of the Special issue. parental attitude is strong." comparison between two groups, monolingual and 4. Jensen. J.V. (1962). "Effects ol Childhood Bilingual­ Also interesting was the finding that, even if bilingual children matched by socio-economic class, ism." Elementary English 39. pp. 132-143. 358-366. parental attitude is negative in regard to maintaining sex and age. They were selected from the same school 5. McLaughlin, B. (1978). "Second Language Acquisi­ ethnic ties, but children learn the language to some system in Montreal. Several measures of the degree of tion in Childhood." New York: John Wiles ft Sons. degree, language retention has an effect on their future bilingualism and attitudes toward English Canadians 6. Peal, E. ft Lambert. W. E. (1962). "The relation ol participation in ethnic group life. and French Canadians both on the part of children Bilingualism to Intelligence." Psychological Monograph This research proves that language retention is the and parents were taken into account. They did not No. 546, published by American Psychological Association. cornerstone of the ethnic community. Failure to learn limit themselves to the question of how favorable or 7. Jacobs. J.F. ft Pierce, M.L. (1966). "Bilingualism and the ethnic language leads to failure to participate in the unfavorable are the effects of bilingualism off ^Creativity." Elementary English, 43. pp. 499-503. ethnic community. intelligence, but wanted to research the basic natuje'of . 8. Ben-Zeev. S. (1977). "Mechanism by Which Child­ these effects. C hood Bilingualism Affects Understanding of Language and It is most likely that the ethnic language ceased to be Cognitive Structures." in Hornby. P.A.(ed.)"Bilingualism." used spontaneously in daily intercourse in the second It was assumed that the structure of intelligence, New York: Academic Press. 1977. or third immigrants' generations, unless the ethnic whicti ueveiops gradually uifiiiign a series oi learning. 9. Lambert W.E. (1977). "The Effects of Bilingualism on group resides in one quite isolated area. Not one ethnic experiences, may be different in the two groups since the Individual: Cognitive and Sociocultural Consequences," group living in dispersion in America was able to the development process of monolinguals and in Hornby. P.A.(ed.) "Bilingualism." New York: Academic preserve its ethnic language as the means of daily bilinguals is different in respect to language. Thus, Press. No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 11

MUSIC NOTES Victor Mishalow: a trailblazer Plishka and Dobriansky perform with a vision of bandura's future by Natalia Dmytrijuk He arrived in North America April 19 to rehearse with the Taras Shev- with the Met in Atlanta JERSEY CITY. N.J. - Victor chenko Bandurist Chorus, under the Mishalow considers himself a trail- by Olha Cehelsky duel with Onegin. Zaretski impatiently direction of Volodymyr Kolesnyk, paces up and down stating that Onegin blazer, working at getting the ban- for its tour of western Canada and ATLANTA — Seventy-five years "should have been here, long ago." The dura "on the proper pedestal," The the United States, during which he ago, the Metropolitan Opera brought tension continues after the late arrival 25-year-old bandura virtuoso from was to be featured as a soloist. Mr. its musicians, sets, and stars to Atlanta. of Onegin. As Lensky and Onegin sing Sydney, Australia, who has been in Mishalow had his premier perfor­ The first opera season in 1910 featured of the senseless act of killing, Zaretski North America since April 19, thinks mance with the choir when it was and Onegin's second dramatically load it's about time people "began to take directed by the late Hryhory Kytasty "the world's most famous tenor," during its 1983 tour. Enrico Caruso. The magic continues. pistols and measure distances. Zaretski it to a professional level." The Metropolitan Opera's 1985 season tells the two friends to approach each In America, he explained, playing Also, while on tour this year, Mr. in Atlanta, May 6-11, took a deep look other, and claps his hands thrice. The the instrument seems to have become Mishalow and bandurist Julian at the human experience — from the adversaries take a number of steps a popular past-time, with many Kytasty of New York were featured dark passions of "Simon Boccanegra" without firing Onegin raises his pistol. people expecting to hear folk songs on the"Prairie HomeCompanion,"a and "Rigoletto,"to the lightheartedness Lensky does likewise. Onegin fires and and dumy performed on the instru­ radio program broadcast nation­ of "Cost Fan Tutte" and "Hansel and Lensky falls. It is Zaretski who responds ment. wide from Minneapolis. Gretel." There was romance in abun­ to Onegin's question. "He is dead." The "Some people." he continued, "are But even now that the tour is over, dance in the immortal "La Boheme," curtain falls. against professionalizing the ban- Mr. Mishalow is maintaining a busy the mystical "Lohengrin," and the Mr. Plishka appears in the first scene dura, thinking only those two genres schedule. He has thus far performed heart-breaking "Eugene Onegin." of Act III as Prince Gremin (Tatyana's should be performed on the instru­ at the Garden State Ukrainian Arts ment." Mr. Mishalow attributes this Festival in Holmdel, N.J.. as well as It was this reviewer's pleasure to meet husband of two years). Prince Gremin directs a stunning aria - the joy of attitude toward what he sees is a in Toronto and Edmonton. Hegavea many of the stars, conductors and other general "romanticizing" of the instru­ one-week workshop in advanced dynamic personalities of the South's every basso cantante — to Onegin, who many years ago had rejected Tatyana's ment by Americans. bandura technique in New York and is most important musical event. Of currently in the middle of a two-week advances. The aria portrays the love he "What people don't realize is that particular interest to our Ukrainian the instrument didn't used to have 55 workshop in Montreal. He will be community, however, would be the feels for his wife, the greatest joy of his performing at the Verkhovyna Festi­ life. It is indeed one of the more strings and a chromatic scale and performances of Andrij Dobriansky peremekachi (the devise^hich allows val in Glen Spey, N.Y., and at the and Paul Plishka. Both singers appear memorable arias of "Eugene Onegin" UNA resort, Soyuz`ivka. He also and it was sung with a cultivated voice a performer to raise or lower the in Tchaikovsky's "Eugene Onegin." pitch of any string within seconds). plans to teach at a bandura camp in Mr. Dobriansky (Zaretski) first colored with multi-hued tones. Mr. London, Ont., sponsored byODUM, Plishka is a master of his art, with This is a new tradition. They used to appears in Act II during the ballroom have only 20 strings and wooden pegs and to attend the directors' course scene, but it is not until the second scene impeccable control of dynamic grada­ given by Maestro Kolesnyk in Ed­ tions. His performance won com­ (for tuning)." of Act II that Zaretski dramatically sets "It can be Ukrainian," he added, monton. He has also been engaged to the scene for the ensuing tragedy. With mendations from Atlanta critic Henry perform on several Canadian radio Derrick. "but you don't need to have sharavary the sun barely risen, Lensky (David and embroidered shirts to play." programs and is planning to begin Rendall) sits lost in thought prior to his Two evenings later, Mr. Plishka work on a bandura concerto with appears again in the demanding role of composer George Fiala. Fiesco (also known as Andrea) in Summer in North America Olha Cehelska is director of the Verdi's "Simon Boccanegra."The However, although he has many Cehelska Piano Studio in Atlanta. She Prologue contains the best-known of Mr. Mishalow, a native of Sydney, plans for his stay in North America, holds a master's degree in music and has the entjre score, the bass Fiesco's aria began teaching himself to play the he noted that he may "end it a little published works on music therapy in with chorus "II lacerato spirito." Mr. bandura at the age of 11 and several sooner than planned" because he various scholarly journals. (Continued on page 14) years later studied with Hryhory recently learned that Soviet officials Bashul, a former student of Hnat agreed to grant his wife of two and a Khotkevych. In 1978 he received a half years, whom he met while study­ research grant from the Australia ing in Kiev, an exit visa. "And Met performers hosted ot reception Arts Council enabling him to travel besides," he added, "all this traveling ATLANTA - Several Ukrainians party as well as performances by both to North America to study with is getting on my nerves." from the Atlanta area were among the singers, said that Mr. Dobriansky Petro Kytasty and Pctro Honcha- guests who attended a special "Post Met attended the formal gala at the historic renko, both oftheTarasShevchenko Professional music world Celebration" hosted by Claridge`sat the landmark in Northwest Atlanta owned Bandurist Chorus. estate of A. Stephen Cucich following a by Mr. Cucich, a music critic. Mr. In 1979-81. Mr. Mishalow attend­ Nevertheless, whether he remains weeklong (May 6-11) series of perfor­ Plishka was unable to attend, however. ed the Tchaikovsky Conservatory in in North America or returns to mances here by the Metropolitan Opera Kiev, where he studied with Serhiy Australia. Mr. Mishalow. whtr re­ Company. Among the Met performers Among the other guests at the affair, Bashtan. While in Kiev he also had cently released his second full-length were basses Paul Plishka and Andrij which featured a 20-piece orchestra, the opportunity to study with Hry­ solo album, will channel his efforts Dobriansky, according to Olha Cehel­ were Maestro Nello Santi with his wife hory KrylovychTkachenko. believed toward establishing thebandura in ska, director of the Cehelska Piano and daughter, the Count and Countess to be the only bandurist alive who the professional music world. Studio and a member of the Ukrainian von Baudissin of Germany and Peter performs in the kobzar tradition. "We can't allow bandurists to Cultural Arts Society here. Lucas, former star of "Mission Im­ Mr. Mishalow also holds a bache­ learn from books, by taking one Ms. Cehelska, who attended the possible." lor's degree in music theory from the lesson a year or by just coming to University' of Svdnev. (Continued on page 14)

NEW RELEASE Victor Mishalow's "Bandura II" JERSEY CITY. N.J. Australian- born bandurist Victor Mishalow re­ cently released his second solo album titled "Bandura II." Included among the 12 selections on the album, produced by the Yevshan Corp.. are: Handel's "Passacaglia." Bach's "Sarabandc" and two pieces by Mr. Mishalow. This recording includes more classical melodies and variations on Ukrainian folk themes than his previous album, and four of the pieces arc accompanied Olga Cehelska(center) of the Ukrainian Cultural Arts Society with Robert G.Edge by the sopilka. (left), president of the Atlanta Music Festival Association, and Anthony Bliss Records and tapes are available at (right), general manager of the Metropolitan Opera, during intermission of the Ukrainian bookstores or from Yevshan. Que.. H2A 3L9. at a cost of SIO (in- Met's closing night performance of "Rigoletto" at the Atlanta Civic Center. Box 125 Station St. Michel, Montreal, eludes postage and handling). THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26

between October 1943 and June 1944, masse, quoting statements by such mass by John A. Armstrong, Columbia For the record... there were 1,571 public executions by murderers as Rudolph Hess, the Ausch­ University Press,`I963; "Second Soviet (Continued from page 7) shooting and hanging. We have in our witz lager commandant, and even Republic: The Ukraine After World parcels from Ukraine. In view of these possession a few copies of the public Adolph Eichman, who allegedly said: "In War II," by Jaroslav Bilinsky, 1964; draconic special regulations for Ukrai­ announcement of these executions. general, I found that there were fewer "European Resistance Movement 1939- nians in concentration camps because Nazi occupiers executed the members of problems with local authorities the 1945." by G. Haestrup. Westport, they were designated as nationals of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationa­ farther east you went." (See Simon Mass., 1980; and others. Poland, Russia. Czechoslovakia and lists. Ukrainian insurgents who were Wiesenthal Center's report on the Horrendous war crimes were perpe­ Rumania. Some were registered as always called bandits by the Nazis. The presence of war criminals in Canada by trated by the Nazis in Ukraine, Eastern stateless. Nazis shot people for sheltering Jews, the Canadian representative.) and Western Europe. Germany agreed On the basis of broad research by the for possession of firearms, etc. Allow To analyze this statement one must to pay billions in reparations and League of Ukrainian Political Prisoners me. Your Honor, to cite one of these keep in mind that there were three types admitted the culpability of the Third in Europe immediately after the war, we announcements which were printed in of European nations whose situation Reich. But, on tile other hand, there can conclude thai the number of Ukrai­ Polish. (All such announcements were was crucial in the tragic question of the remains a force which has been in nians that were in death camps such as printed in either Ukrainian or Polish.— Jewish holocaust: constant struggle with the Western Auschwitz. Mouihausen, Flossenburg, It reads: "To counteract banditry " nations occupied by the Third world for domination over democratic Gross-Rosen. Dora and Majdanek. against German reconstruction of the Reich who defended their Jewish values and religious freedom. The fluctuated between 10 percent and 28 General Government, dated 2.10.1943 citizens; these were Sweden. Finland, Soviet Union relentlessly and ceaseless­ percent of the entire prison population I Hansard for Gen. Gov. Nr. 82/43/ and Bulgaria; ly wages hate propaganda for the in 1943. sentenced to death are the following: (a " occupied countries which had their destruction of those who have conduct­ The process of the ghettoizing of the list of 17 men is then given)" "Banditry" own governments and were able to ed a constant struggle with its system. Jews proceeded quite smoothly. The meant seeing members of theOUN and some extent make their own decisions Among them over 2 million Ukrainians Jewish historian. Milton Melt/er. U PA. Sentenced also were three persons and had the opportunity to prolong the in the diaspora have been paiticipating author of the publication "Never to for sheltering Jews. process: in this open struggle. Forget" gave in his 1976 study an According to research of the Ukrai­ ' territories designated for German To attain its objectives against Ukrai­ accurate and objective picture of the nian Academy of Sciences in Kiev "lebensraum." On the territories of nians, the Soviet Union publishes two creation of the ghettos as the first step in conducted by Yuriy Kondufar, director Poland. Ukraine. Byelorussia and the weekly periodicals, one in Ukrainian the concentration and extermination of of the Institute of History, released in Baltic countries, there were not even under the title Visti z-Ukrainy and one the Jews. The process taken was gradual 1984. German occupation in Ukraine any quisling governments. Already at in English under the title News from and essentially the same everywhere. resulted in the extermination of the beginning of occupation these Ukraine. In addition to these periodi­ Ghettos were only a transition measure. 3,898.457 civilians and 1.366,588 mili­ territories were designated as territories cals, brochures are published to smear all Jews were ordered to report to the tary, including prisoners of war a for German "lebensraum" and full those who expose their propaganda in "Judenrat," i.e., Jewish councils in the total of 5,265.045. Western sources power for the extermination of Jews the Western world. A few titles of this was solely in the hands of and the cities, for registration. estimate that out of this number there smear literature are as follows: "Crimi­ were 800,000 U krainian Jews. When we privilege of the Nazi. The decision- nal Hireling" (1975). 32 pp.: "A Plot To carry out their instructions, the making process was the responsibility Nazis set up Jewish councils, their add to this number over 2 million slave Against the Future" (1983). 87 pp.: laborers, ostarbeiters. who perished of the Gestapo. Sicherheit Dienst and "Truth and Myths About USA"(198I). function was to lake charge of the Einsatzkommandos. survival-health, welfare, supplies, as under Allied bombing and those who 57 pp.: "A Word to the Younger Genera­ well as registration, records and police. emigrated from Germany to the Western There were local robots who were tion" (1981). 60 pp.: "Their True Face" Meltzer says: "Some who served them hemisphere, the total losses of Ukraine used in some services, such as guards in (1979) pp. 48: "Who is Who at WCFU" thought the councils would run into would be over 7 million. look-out towers, in transportation of (1984) 63 pp.: and others. internal affairs of the ghetto in the pre­ During 1942 and 1943, lawlessness, inmates, etc.. but once they were caught These various smear publications war tradition o! Jewish self-government rapine, robbery, physical violence, up consciously or unconsciously in this appeared in the compendium, pub­ and speak for Jews before the Nazi shooting and mass liquidation in various Nazi mill of death, there was no escape lished in 1984. titled "We Accuse" (304 authorities controlling the ghettos" (p. forms were everyday events in Ukraine. except by fighting. Joseph Garlinski, pp.) in which it is stated among other 78). "The Nazis, of course were offering Upon the corpses and graves of Ukrai­ author of the Polish study "Oswiencim. such things, that Himmlcr appointed this pretense of sell-government as a nians was to arise a new Europe which Walczacy" reports that on July 3 and 4, Gen. Taras Chyprynka as commander- device to get the Jews to cooperate" negated the laws of people and nations 1943, a group of Ukrainian watchtower in-chief of the Ukrainian Insurgent (ibid.). In Warsaw the Judenrat recruit­ by which humanity had been governed guards observing the brutality in the Army. concentration camp deserted their posts ed 2.000 men for the Jewish police force for thousands of years. Paradoxically enough this parti­ with their arms. Immediately the Ger­ cular publication closely parallels (idid.) In Western Ukraine ghettoizing This barbaric policy resulted in a man SS gave chase, and catching up to was completed by December 1941. counteraction on the part of the Ukrai­ information provided by the Wiesen­ the deserters, a battle ensued, resulting thal Center to the Western world. My own research coincided with the nian people spearheaded by the Or­ in the shooting to death of 16 deserters findings of Milton Meltzer. who says: ganization of Ukrainian Nationalists and a few Nazis. Soviet disinformation has been flowing "The councils, their staff and their (OUN) which stoutly pursued the policy into Canada in the Ukrainian and police forces became agents of the Nazi of self help through national strength, More information about the so called English languages without restrictions killing machine and instruments of their spontaneously supported by vast masses "volunteer services" for the Nazis by the volumes: but not a line of rebuttal own execution" (see chapter "Phan- of the people. This gave rise to the allegedly recorded by Rudolph Hess, can be sent to the USSR because of thoms in the Ghetto." pp. 77-87). After creation of the military force known as can be found in the archive of the Soviet censorship. It is all the more organizing the ghettos, further steps the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council tragic that many alleged accusations, were taken by Nazis in the tragic which got support from nationalists and in New York in the possession of their more accurately insults, in these pam­ destruction of the Jews. socialists. These resistance efforts Representation Abroad. Some of this phlets are repeated by the Canadian After the occupational organiza­ culminated in the creation, in 1944. of information was included in my re­ media and other spokepersons, in tion of the territory in the western part the Ukrainian Supreme Liberation search study. "System of Nazi Concen­ various versions, e.g.: the flagrant of Ukraine, the Nazis started imple­ council (UHWR). tration Camps and the Policy of Exter­ defaming of one Ukrainian leader menting mass terror. This practice of Ukrainian resistance was in a pre- mination in Ukraine." Here we read on speaks for itself. Stefan Bandera whose mass її ror. in a much more intensive/^ .carious position because it had to fight pp. 77-79: name has now became "public pro­ form, had already been applied to the both the Nazis and the Bolsheviks. "Fierce action was taken against perty" was a Nazi prisoner himself and territories of Volhynia.Polissia and the Those who survived the Stalin-Krem­ Ukrainians under the slogan'Mobiliza­ was assassinated by a Soviet agent. eastern part of Ukraine in 1941. lin's forced famine in 1932-33 kept in tion.' In April 1944. the Gestapo for­ Bandera`s two brothers, Alexander and In Kiev itself, on September 29 and mind that there could not be any cibly took 1.700 men from villages of Wasyl. were murdered in the Ausch­ 30. 1941, 33.771 persons of several reconciliation with totalitarianism be it the Berezanshchyna District - between witz concentration camp in 1942. nationalities were killed in Babyn Yar. brown or red: however, Stalin's political 60 and 150 men from each village. They As we all know, the Soviet Embassy In Zhytomyr, as early as December accord with Hitler enabled the Third were offered military services, lager in Ottawa also publishes and distributes 1941. over 200 Ukrainian leaders were Reich to start World War II. Above all. duties or forced labor in Germany, across Canada its own pamphlets con­ shot, .in Kamiansk. the Nazis shot the Ukrainian resistance struggled for depending upon their age. cerning alleged war criminals in Ca­ whole police force which helped in Ukrainian political independence. "In May 1944 the Wehrmacht round­ nada. This creates a very unhealthy sheltering 300 war prisoners. In the archives of the Ukrainian ed up men in Stanislav District and all climate in our country. In the mass In the 1942 and 1943 terror, public Academy of Arts and Sciences in were forced into army service. Also media whole ethnic groups arc being executions and massive extermination Canada, there are several leaflets pub­ during May, similar action was taken in accused of participating in war crimes work intensified. Einsatzkomandos lished by the Ukrainian insurgents in Zolochiv District. Zboriv and Sokal. during World VVar 11. If we take into brought on a bloody harvest which Ukrainian and Russian exorting the Captives were divided into three groups: consideration that the libel against specifically liquidated the Jewish popu­ Ukrainian people to fight for indepen­ those between the ages of 22 and 35 were individual is a clear concept, then we are lation. There were four such komman- dence. Almost all of them are directed taken to Waffen SS Division; those convinced that libel against a group is a dos in Ukraine. Otto Olendorf. who to people in Ukraine and to soldiers of between 35 and 55 were taken to dig clear concept as well. (Sec discussion on directed one of these kommandos, the Red Army. trenches, and those between 17 and 22 "Debating Hate Literature, W.F. Press, liquidated over 90,000 people. Einsatz- Who perpetrated war-crimes in U- were transported to Lviv. assignments May 12, 1928.) kommandos or Districts S.D. police krainc during the second world war? unknown." Interestingly enough, Eric Koch, the liquidated complete Ukrainian villages Posing such a question in view of the reichskommisar of Ukraine, has not as such as Masyna, Kniaziv, Fusiv, Shpy- foregoing, the answer is clear. But, after Attempts to re-write history yet been tried as a war criminal for his kolosy similarly to Lidice in Czecho­ 40 years after the end of the war, voices actions in the executions of millions of slovakia and Oradur in France. Massive are being heard about those who might Analyses of the history of the World victims in Ukraine; but yet there are terror and genocide was rampant over have assisted in these and other alleged War 11 in the Western world seems to some who, with magnifying glasses, entire regions of vast Ukraine. crimes. Some, in order to support their have provided a clear pictures and have been looking for small Nazi As a rule, massive executions were hypothesis that peoples of Eastern summation in such publications as: hangers-on, often borderline cases of practiced. In the western part of Ukraine Europe participated in these crimes en "Ukrainian Nationalism," first edition (Continued on page 13) No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 13

at present. archbishop and several other Latin For the record... I would like to conclude this section The Ukrainian... bishops. Cardinal Lubachivsky. Metro­ (Continued from page 12) on Soviet evidence in Canadian courts (Continued from page 9) politans-Archbishops Hermaniuk and Nazism and very often, for people who with a Roman saying that was used Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Po­ Stephen Sulyk (Philadelphia). Bishops had no idea what Nazism meant. We when serious danger appeared in their land. Andrew Sapelak (Argentina). Deme­ offer our assistance in bringing to country. "Hannibal ante portas" Alter a short visit at the Church of the trius Greschuk (Edmonton). Basil File- justice the likes of Mengelc, Koch and "The enemy is at the door." I repeat this Nativity of the Blessed Mother, staffed vich (Saskatoon). Chimy. Lotocky. similar individuals who were the real slogan today in the name of those who by the Basilian Lathers, we drove Hrynchyhsyn and Diachuk. Nazi warmongers and war criminals. fought the dictatorship and political through the center of Curitiba to sec the Of course, we support the investiga­ injustice of Nazism and Bolshevism. government buildings and the general tion of war criminals in Canada, but this layout of the town. Curitiba. the capital N.J. commission... investigation must be free from hysteria Waffen S S Division Galicia of the state of Parana, is situated 3.000 (Continued from page 4) and conducted with decency towards feet above sea level. It is an important the capacity for international under­ individuals, and without implicating With reference to the "Waffen S S manufacturing center with 500.000 standing. whole ethnic groups. Otherwise it will Division Galiz.ien." we categorically inhabitants and with many monumen­ Dr. I haddeus V. Gromada. whom be reminiscent of the Middle Ages' assert that the Waffen S S Division tal buildings. Ciov. Kean appointed chairman of the debates of how many devils can fit on which was later renamed the 1st Ukrai­ commission, is professor of East the head of one needle. We have faith in nian Division, was exclusively a combat European history and coordinator of Cardinal's arrival our judicial system and trust that all unit and was never assigned to any Multi-Ethnic and Immigration Studies investigations will be done according to. guard duty at concentration camps or to at Jersey City State College. He also Canadian law and rules of evidence. It is any similar duties. It had nothing to do Alter touring the center city we were serves as secretary general of the Polish better to retain the decency and spirit of with German SS ideology which was taken to the airport to greet our new Institute of Arts and Sciences, a democratic law than to twist the law. oriented on German elitism and racism. cardinal. Mvroslav Ivan l.ubachivskv. national learned society based in New We are not looking for the victor's law, The Ukrainian Division was oriented We were joined by Archbishop Maxim York City. Hcrmaniuk ol Winnipeg . Bishop but for justice: and not vengeance, but on Christian ideology and Christian Dr. (iromada has announced that in Innocent Lolocky of Chicago. Ргоіо– objectivity: not collective guilt and teaching, including celebrating Sunday late May. an important step was taken archmandrite lsadore Patrylo of hearsay, but concrete evidence. Other­ masses, practicing confession? etc. in order to fulfill the governor's R.omc. numerous priests, sisters, repre­ wise we will be helping those of ill-will Many members of this division, after mandate. The commission has prepared sentatives ol the Ukrainian community to revive Nazi bestiality. the battle of Brody (in 1944). joined the a short questionnaire which was mailed and a large number of children. The ranks of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, out to all the secondary schools of New We should also be humane and keep cardinal received a warm welcome, which, as we already stated, fought both Jersey with the cooperation of the in mind that Canadian citizens alleged which expressed the joy of the Ukrai­ the Nazis and the Soviets. Department of Education. to have committed crimes have spent nians at this noble gesture of honorthat their whole productive lives in this Pope John Paul II had extended Dr. Gromada stated that when the country. They are entitled to a trial in A personal note toward the Ukrainian Catholic Church survey is completed by the end of the Canada under Canadian laws. Their and our people. month of June, the commission will be children's and grandchildren's roots are At the conclusion of this presentation in a better position to assess the status of From the airport we visited the in this country. We oppose deportation allow me. Your Honor, a personal, East European studies in New Jersey provincial convent of the Catcchists of and extradition to any foreign country, unforgettable recollection. In Septem­ and then make appropriate recom­ St. Anne, founded by the Rev. Josaphat in order to safeguard a fair trial. We ber of 1943. I witnessed, in Auschwitz, mendations. Ananewyc/ in 1930. who later esta­ must also examine closely the basis of in Block 19. the following tragic scene: "The Commission is less interested in blished the Ukrainian branch of the "false entry" for deportation and the pointing out inadequacies of East 137 prisoners were in the process of Friars Minor (Franciscan Fathers) in stripping of citizenships. This was often European studies in our schools." said being transferred somewhere. Kveryone the United States. We also saw St. Anne practiced in order not to be forcibly Dr. Gromada. "rather it is more in the block suspected that this was the Church, another parish church under repatriated to the Soviet Union or interested in assisting schools which final march of these 137 skeletons, but the care of the Basilian Fathers. satellite countries or for the protection no one stated so. desire to introduce courses or units It was explained to us that the pastors of families left behind. We must keep in At the head of the column were two dealing with East European history and mind that our country is composed of live at a central point Irom which they culture." Belgian brothers, both lawyers. They visit the several communities and many ethnic communities, in whose Two committees of the commission, were hardly able to move their feet, as a churches, the so-called colonies, to harmonious co-existence lies Canadian the Materials and Resources result of weakness, but they kept their celebrate the divine liturgy and other strength. Discord creates division. This Committee headed by Dr. Vitaut Kipel heads boldly upright, holding hands services, to administer the sacraments is exactly what our neighbor across the and the Human Resources Committee tightly, in a display of dignity over the and officiate at funerals. Because ol the North Pole - the Soviet Union is headed by Janis Gaigulis. are SS hysteria which reigned at that time. distances between the churches, the striving for. developing materials that should prove At the end of the column, four pri­ pastors are able to come only once or to be helpful to New Jersey educators. soners, the so-called "leichentragcrs" twice a month to the same church to Admissibility of Soviet evidence were carrying two dead bodies. The day provide spiritual care for the people. The following are members of the belore this march, these two corpses The sisters or catcchists who reside in Commission: Dr. G r о m a d a . In pondering the pros and cons of the were alive and were picked up by the the colonies provide religious instruc­ commissioner of education. Saul admissibility of Soviet evidence, one "lagerarzt" to fulfill the quota of 137 tion to the children, and they arc in Coopcrman (ex-ollicio). Francis Baran. concludes that unverifiable evidence so bodies. The "leichentragers" (corpse charge of the other daily needs of the Sol Chaneles. Laszlo Fcketckulv. Janis readily offered at all times from behind collectors) were carrying these corpses parishioners. Gaigulis. Vitaut Kipel. Alexander the I ron Curtain should not be regarded with sugh dignity that I bowed my head Krcnickl. Arno Liivak. Dimitri Dvoi- On our return trip we stopped at the as admissible in our free democratic before these two unknown-to-me. pri­ chcnko-Markov. Daniel Marchishin. home of the Kreffer family, which has Janet S. Pollak. Iskar Shumanov. Jack courts. Otherwise, we will degrade our soners. With the some dignity they given two daughters and two sons to the courts to the political farces practiced in placed the corpses on the platform of a .1. Stukas and I. Robert Zoehowski. service of (iod and the Ukrainian Randolph SchaelTer of the Depart­ the Soviet Union. By usingthisevidence truck. This episode is indelibly en­ Church. we will morally also be approving the graved upon my memory as a heroic ment of Education is secretary of the On Saturday. April 27. we were commission. principle of collective guilt practiced by scene of this Holocaust. joined al the liturgy by Msgr. Basil I he commission is to submit its the Soviets, the Soviet gulags, investiga­ A few weeks ago. a documentary on Wynnyczuk. a Ukrainian priest from report and recommendations to the tions by Soviet psychiatric institutions the Holocaust was shown on American Mendo/a. Argentina, who so wanted to governor bv January I. 19X6. and Soviet political psychiatric treat­ television. A scene was depicted of meet Ukrainian priests again thai he ment, all of which make a mockery of Bergen-Belsen after the liberation, came 1.500 miles by bus across the Soviet human rights. Acceptance of where the vanguished Nazis were continent. Soviet evidence would bring irreparable ordered to collect corpses of prisoners Alter break last. Mr. Chomyntook us Read The Weekly damage in demoralizing dissidents and of the Nazi concentration camp. They in the Stamford car to Marcelino. a incarcerated political prisoners in the did this, ignominiously dragging (he typical Ukrainian colony, situated Soviet Union as well as the minds of bodies into mass graves, where they about 40 miles, from Curitiba. I he millions of varied nationality who direct were dumped like garbage. parish there was Iburidedjn IXN4. and is their political prayers to the West: "help I compared the two scenes: Ausch­ stalled by live Sister Servants who have So. Bound Brook us in our democratic struggle." They witz and Bergen-Belsen. In the first. I served this locality for 55 years. I he trust the West, and only in the West lies saw heroism and dignity, in the second, church holds 300 persons, w ho comeon JnL Monument Co. their hope. By bringing Soviet accusa­ hatred, hostility and vengeance. Sundays and holy days ції f-моі. horse­ tions and evidence to our courts. Soviet Let us. therefore. Ladies and Gentle­ back or in carriages on a dirt road w hich Ж, political strategists will be able to say men, not commit sacrilege against the makes travel difficult. Hie priest cele­ У де 45 Mountain Avenue with case. "We won." as we did in the victims of the Holocaust through hatred, brates the liturgy every second Sunday, 8SBBK Warren. N.J. 07060 World Council of Churches; as we did hostility and vengeance. Let Holocaust while on other Sundays the sisters lead playing the champion of human rights wounds heal. In vengeance its wounds the community in a pniver service. (201) 647-7221 - 647-3492 in Africa, Nicaragua. Abyssinia and will be always fresh and sore. We must other countries." Inasmuch as the ever remember this Holocaust and all Returning home. Bishop Krcvey RAISA CHEJLYK - Owner Soviets themselves do not respect even holocausts, but without vindictivencss. invited us to supper al which we met the the most basic of human rights ol and assure that they will never happen apostolic nuncio lo Brazil. Archbishop Monuments, mausoleums, statues in individuals and nations in their union. again. Carlos Fonios. the local Latin rile cramt. marble, bronze placed on all ceme­ we do not need to emphasize any further teries especially in SI Andrews Ceme­ how much KGB evidence in Canadian tery. So Bound Brook. N J courts would degrade our democratic The UNA: insurance plus Will make bouse calls lor your values and the spirit of.lhosc who have convenience fought and a.re fighting,for these values If THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26

Three community... Responses were sung by a 50-voice special guests were presented to the rise to the jubilee celebration. boys' choir from St. Vladimir's audience bv Agnes Palanuk. "For us." she noted, "the bond (Continued from page 8) College, Roblin. Man. Members of executive director of the UCI. Sheand originated almost 100 years ago in a Jersey in 1947. A specialist in the former St. John's Choir and St. Jaroslaw Sztendera of the Voice of country which today is not allowed asthma, he has practiced medicine in Demetrius of rural Belfield, N.D.. America read the congratulatory- to live its heritage. The perpetuation Drake. N.D.. for over 35 years. He sang the communion hymns. The messages. The jubilarians received of heritage must be outside Ukraine's and his wife lrena(Tysowsky)arethe Rev. Pedeliski, who entered the congratulations from Metropolitan borders. Our jubilarians are parents of Walter of Drake, N.D.. priesthood from the Rev. Stephen Sulyk, Bishop Basil Losten. honored for maintainingthis bond of Dr. Maria Hordinsky Kromarc7.uk Bobersky's parish, delivered the Bishop Isidore Lotocky. Bishop J. heritage." of St. Paul. Minn., and Dr. Jerry sermon. K і n n є у. political leaders, She then presented a medallion of Hordinsky of Oklahoma City. professional colleagues and friends. the jubilee logo to each jubilarian as a Dr. Terlecki was born in western Following the liturgy, a testi­ memento of the celebration. Ukraine. He served in World War II, monial banquet was held at the Daria Hordinsky Karanowyc/ of The highlight of the presentation and in 1951 passed the State Board Knights of Columbus Hall in Irvington, N.J.. sister of jubilarian was the unveiling of the portraits of Examination and settled in Dickinson, with Ronald Makaruk. Dr. Hordinsky, presented piano the jubilarians. which will hang in the Minnewauken. N.D. Dr. and Sophie UC1 vice-president;, the master of sections by Lysenkoand Nyzhankiv- planned Ukrainian heritage room. Terlecki are the parents of Catherine, ceremonies. A lifetime friend of the sky. Vocal selections presented by The photographs were the work of a corporate lawyer in Albuquerque, jubilarian, the Rev. Brydl gave Marlys Ciscar, Larae Dykema and Clay Jenkinson. Oxford scholar and ` N.M., and Dr. Maria Terlecki of Los the invocation. Marlys Ciscar of Rosemary Demaniow were "Oi у photographer for the North Dakota Angeles. Green River, Wyo^,ptayed the piano luzi"and "Choho meni tiazhko."The Ukrainian Oral History Project. The jubilee began with a divine as the audience sang the American Ukrainian Folk Singers, who at one The jubilarians responded with liturgy celebrated by the Rev. and Ukrainian national anthems. lime were led by the Rev. Bobersky. gratitude for the recognition. Bobersky. Concelebrating were the Two special dances by Jacqueline sang his arrangement of "Dumy President Makaruk proposed a toast Revs. Nestor Pedeliski, Wolodymyr Ewoniuk, Pam Evoniuk and Carol moyi." and the audience responded with Kyba, L. Brydl, R.E Feene'y. Palaniuk extended a reverend The main address was given by "Mnohaya Lita." R. Krystosek and R.C. Paluck. welcome after which the Cerkoney Beverly Makaruk, president of the A jubilee booklet containing the Acolytes were from.St. Demetrius children presented a kolach to each UCI. Mrs. Makaruk. a fourth- autobiographies and photographs of and St. John's Ukrainian Catholic jubilarian. generation Ukrainian American the jubilarians was published by the parishes in North Dakota. The honored jubilarians and noted the bond of heritage that gave UCF.

tenor are almost two octaves apart, with Plishka... Paul Plishka being called on to make a (Continued from page 11) low F heard throughout the grand hall THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY PRESS FUND Plishka carries an elegant line against of the Atlanta Civic Center — not an Charles Draskovics', Boonton, N.J .... 56 the chorus which announces the death easy matter and beautifully accom­ Peter Baranchuk, Ajax, Ont .... 17 of his daughter and intones "Miserere." plished at that. A. Maryniuk, Miami Beach, Fla .... 55 Soon after is an extremely lyrical duet Paul Wacek, Makoti, N.D .... 55 for Boccanegra (Sherrill Milnes) and This man's gift is prodigious and I am Anastasia Cwiach, Long Island City, N.Y .... 52 Fiesco, the first of several very powerful sure is rooted in many hours of study, a M.B. Kucyk, Houston, Tex .... 52 numbers for the male principals. In Act dedication of purpose, superb pro­ Wasyl Maruszczak, Clifton, N.J .... 52 I Fiesco blesses the marriage of Amelia fessionalism, and an embracing love of and Gabriele, and he and the tenor opera: His voice has a penetrating (Vasile Moldoveanu) sing a beautiful quality which suggests a thorough duet marked by a spiritual feeling. Near understanding of both the creative and the end of this number, the bass and the recreative processes.

There's no place like Soyuzivka tion League of the B'nai B`rith has The Anti-Defamation...forgotte n the principles upon which it (Continued from page 6) was founded and is now engaging in the SOYUZIVKA publication which no UCCA official I very actions it is pledged to fight. The talked with knew existed, an open letter Ukrainian community is being defamed from two former Soviet political pri­ because of the writings of a handful of soners, a UCCA press release and people, most of whose ideas the ADL statements in a book by a Ukrainian has chosen to misunderstand. Such whose views are hardly representative attacks, of course, serve no other of the community. purpose than to open old wounds, burn 1985 SUMMER/FALL How sad it is that the Anti-Defama­ bridges and delight the KGB. to support himself by playing or CAMPS u WORKSHOPS Victor Mishalow... teaching the bandura, believes that (Continued from page 11) all the hours spent rehearsing or at SOYUZIVKA ensemble rehearsals," because to studying can pay off. play the instrument well you have to "Surely," he said, "the Ukrainian TENNIS CAMP - June 23 - July 3 play precisely, and that takes a lot of community can support at least half (Boys and Girls ages 12-18). Food and lodging 5180.00 (UNA members), work, explained Mr. Mishalow, a dozen professional bandurists. and S210.00 (non-members). Tennis fee: 560.00. who says he tries to practice three I'm sure the Anglo-Saxon commu` - hours a day. nity could support a dozen." BOYS' CAMP - June 29 - July 13 "There are 40 ways to play tre- After all, he added, "people who mello on the bandura," he said, are interested arc always happy to Recreation camp for boys ages 7-12, featuring hiking, swimming, games. "whereas on the piano you can't even help." Ukrainian songs and folklore. UNA members: 5100.00 per week; non-members do tremello and on the mandolin "But we have to work on the 5120.00 per week. there is only one way."To perfect all psychology of bandurists to produce the different techniques requires a professional sound and to have a GIRLS' CAMP - July 14-27 hours, countless hours of practice. professional attitude to the instru­ But Mr. Mishalow, who manages ment," he concluded. Similar program to boys' camp; same prices.

UKRAINIAN FOLK DANCE WORKSHOP - July 28 - August 10 Traditional Ukrainian folk dancing for beginners, intermediate and advanced TO MEMBERS OF BRANCH 150 dancers. Instructor: ROMA PRIMA-BOHACHEWSKY. Limit 60 students. Food and OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION in PITTSFIELD, Mass. lodging 5195.00 (UNA members), 5225.00 (non-members). Instructor's fee: Following the death of WALTER HUSKA, the late Secretary of your Branch, 5100.00. Mrs. Lydia Huda UKRAINIAN CULTURAL COURSES - August 10-24 has assumed the post and the obligations of the Branch Secretary Classes in Ukrainian language, history, geography, literature, arts. of Branch 150. UNA members 5200.00, non-members 5230.00. Please contact the new secretary regarding all business pertaining to UNA membership and insurance, at the following address: For more information, please contact the management of Soyuzivka: Mrs Lydia Huda, 19 Commonwealth Ave., Pittsfield, Mass. 01201 SOYUZIVKA UNA ESTATE or telephone her at (413) 442-1619 Foordemoore Rd., Kerhonkson, N.Y. 12446 ш (914) 626-5641 HOME OFFICE OF THE UNA No. 26 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985

SUNDAY, JULY 14, 1985 Rochester, N.Y. Semi-annual meeting of the Young UNA'ers "Zaporozka Sitch" Branch 367 of the UNA will be held on Sunday. July 14, 1985 in the St. Josaphats Cafeteria at 1:30 P.M. Members are requested to attend. Important matters to be dis­ cussed. William Popowych, Secretary

Good Reading for Summer THE KILLING OF BLACK CAT (And Other Atrocities in War-Torn UKRAINE) Booklet. 9 pages (1985)

THE WORLD THAT WAS (Story of the world destroyed by a deluge; ^S^W^'^^N.v based on ancient sources) Book. 48 pages (1983) Special: Both for S5.00.

VLESSIANA Three new members of UNA Branch 83 in Philadelphia, all enrolled by their grandparents, John and Anna Kusen, are Box 422 m Dublin. Ohio 43017 (from left): Marko and Natalka, children of Bohdan and Patricia Kusen, and Stephen, son of Stephan and Deborah Kusen. ^llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllilllllll(lllllllllllllllill^ I ART PROGRAM AT SOYUZIVKA 1 | on JULY 1985 1 1 Friday, 10 p.m. - DANCE I I Orkestra „Iskra" і

5 Saturday, July 6 | | 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT 1 s Lida Havryluk - vocalist s І Oles Kuzyshyn - musician vocalist І 1 "Hromovytsia" - dance ensemble Щ | 10.00 p. m. - DANCE | Щ Orchestra "Iskra" Щ

І Saturday, July 13 | | 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT 1 I Wasyl Melnychyn - tenor в I "Vesnivka" Chorus f | Directed by K. Zorych-Kondracky | | 10:00 p.m. - DANCE | Ш "Tempo" Orchestra Щ 3 g Ї Saturday. July 20 I Marko Pytiak, the son of Wolodymyr | 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT | and Maria Pytiak, is one of the youngest 15-year-old Christopher Miele was re­ І "Romashky" - vocal ensemble Щ members of UNA Branch 341 in Wind- cently enrolled in UNA Branch 372 in І Alex Chudolij - soloist accordeomsl I sor, Ont. Little Marko was enrolled by Plainfield. N.J., by his mother, Anne, | 10:00 p.m. - DANCE 1 his great-grandfather, former UNA His proud grandparents are Mychajlo Supreme Advisor Paul Duda. and Olena Banasewycz. S Orchestra "Nova Chvyla" Ш

Щ Saturday, July 27 I 1985 tennis season at Soyuzivka | 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT | USCAK East (Juniors A and В) July 6-7 Ц "Kashtan" - dance ensemble | | Alex Chudolij - soloist accordeomsl I Doubles August 10-11 LiSCA K Nationals A ugust 30 - September 2 | 10:00 p.m. - DANCE | і Orchestra "Veselka" E UNA Invitational September 14-15 Plast September 28-29 | SOYUZIVKA UNA ESTATE Щ Щ Kerhonkson. N.Y 12446 Tel (914) 626-5641 1 KLK October 12-13 ^ІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІПІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІПІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІПІІІІІІІІІІІІІІІШІІІШІІШІІІІІІІІІІІІГ

There's no place like Soyuzivka SOYUZIVKA — Ukrainian National Association Estate ,ж. 10:00 p.m. - DANCE 1985 "Iskra" Band Master of Ceremonies Anya Dydyk, 8:30 p.m. - CONCERT SEASON OPENING gues/ appearance Lida Hawryluk, vocalist TENNIS TOURNAMENT Oles Kuzyshyn, musician-vocalist Saturday, July 6th USCAK-East "Hromovytsia", dance ensemble Soyuzivka. Kerhonkson. N.Y. 12446 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 1985 No. 26

At Soyuzivka PREVIEW OF EVENTS July 6 discount is offered for families Season opener, July 5-7 registering more than one child. The NORTH COLEBROOK, Conn.: first child pays SiOO,others pay S50 Camps for Plast youths begin today per person. To register call (215)884- and run through July 27. For appli­ 2218. or stop by the Continuing cations write to: 1. Rudko, 386 Old Education Office on Manor's Colchester Road, Amslon, Conn. campus. Fox Chase Road and Forrest 06231. Avenue. The two workshops will be repeated July 22-August I. July 7

STRATFORD, Conn.: The second PLEASE NOTE: Preview items annual Ukrainian National Associa­ must be received one week before tion/ Ukrainian Fraternal Associa­ desired date of publication. No tion picnic will be held beginning at information will be taken over the noon. Sponsors are UNA Branch 59 phone. Preview items will be and UFA Branch 30. The site of the published only once (please note picnic is Booth Memorial Park, 134 desired date of publication). All Main St. Admission is free, and items are published at the discretion Ukrainian and American foods will of the editorial staff and in accor­ be a\ailable. dance with available space.

JulyS PREVIEW OF EVENTS, a listing of Ukrainian community events open JENKINTOWN, Pa.: Manor Junior to the public, is a service provided' Lydia Hawryluk Oles Kuzyszyn College's two computer skills work­ free of charge by The Weekly to the shops begin today and run through Ukrainian community. To have an KERHONKSON. NY. - The at 8:30 p.m. July 18. The "Computers for Kids" event listed in this column, please season opener at the Ukrainian A dance to the music of the Iskra workshop is geared for children age. send information (type of event, National Association's resort. Soyu­ band will be held beginning at 10 7-Ю. Sessions are held Monday date, time, place, admission, zivka, will feature an entertainment p.m. Iskra will also play for the through Thursday. 9:30 - 11:30 a.m. sponsor, etc.), along with the phone program on Saturday, July 6. Friday night. July 5. dance. and the fee is S100. The second work­ number of a person who may be The performers will be: singer shop. "Elementary Programming for reached during daytime hours for' Lydia Hawryluk, musician-singer For more information on Soyu­ Young People." is geared for teens additional information, to: PRE­ Oles Kuzyszyn and the Hromovytsia zivka programs and accommoda­ age 11-14. The class meets Monday VIEW OF EVENTS, The Ukrainian dance ensemble. The program begins tions call the resort at (914) 626-5641. through Thursday, at 12:30 - 2:30 Weekly, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey p.m. Fee: SI00. A special family Citv, N.J. 07302. This is precisely the method Article by Dziuba... employed by Mr. Dziuba in "Inter­ Pittsburgh radio program marks 35th (Continued from page 1) nationalism or Russification?" in PITTSBURGH The Ukrainian information about Ukraine and Ukrai­ Shevchenko? In terms of historical which Lenin is quoted instrumentally community in Pittsburgh and . the nian activities on the local, national and analysis, the significance is to show how today's reality deviates surrounding tri-state area encompass­ international scenes. immediate and obvious. Both fought from the original project. ing western Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio The program has raised hundreds of for the independence of their nations Given the significance of Mr. and northern West Virginia, will cele­ thousands of dollars for the Ukrainian from, respectively, the Austro- Dziuba`s book in the rebirth of brate the 35th anniversary of its Ukrai­ Research Institute at Harvard Univer­ Hungarian and the tsarist empires. national consciousness in Ukraine in nian Radio Program on Sunday. July sity, the Ukrainian Nationality Roomat But the moment one compares, at the 1960s and in light of Mr. Dziuba`s 14. with an excursion on Pittsburgh's the University of Pittsburgh, the United least implicitly, this historical subsequent recantation, the question three rivers aboard the Gateway Party Ukrainian American ReliefCommittec, condition with the situation today, one has to ask is: What is the meaning one can well draw the implication of the publication ofsuch an essay by Liner. Music for dancing will be pro­ and for orphans, army veterans, dis­ Mr. Dziuba today? vided by the 'Tradition' band of placed persons and indigent Ukrai­ that while Petofi's "task" has been at Youngstown. Ohio. nians. For this public service activity, least partially realized in so far as Here, of course, one can only Michael Komichak has been the host Mr. Komichak has been cited in the Hungary is, at least formally, an speculate. And the speculation can of Pittsburgh's Ukrainian Radio Pro­ Congressional Record. independent nation - even though, range from the most negative and gram for the past 35 years. His The afternoon program features the in the political sense, it is still under pessimistic, but perhaps also the popular broadcasts in Ukrainian best and the latest releases of Ukrainian Soviet domination — the aspirations most realistic, interpretation - and English arc heard each Sunday at I popular music, news of and for Ukrai­ of Shevchenko remain as unrealized namely, that Dziuba is permitted to nians, social and civic announcements, today as during the time of the tsars. write once again on this favorite p.m. and 6 p.m.. over stations WPIT theme in the context of an innocuous (5.000 watts) and WPIT-FM (20,000 birthday and anniversary announce­ Mr. Dziuba asks, "What was the situation in Ukraine at the time (Of exercise in comparative literature watts) in Pittsburgh. ments, obituaries and commercials. which the Soviet propaganda The evening program, "A Sunday Shevchenko)?" The answer he The program's objectives over the gives is equally valid for Mr. machine can either neutralize or Serenade of Ukrainian Music" features manipulate - to the more positive years have been to champion the cause uninterrupted semi-classical music. At Dziuba`s own time. " "...In of freedom and independence for U- Ukraine tsarism liquidated local and optimistic, but perhaps also naive, times it is pre-empted by "The Ukrai­ assessment - namely, that we are krainians in their homeland, to main­ nian Concert Hall of the Air." featuring autonomy, fiercely crushed the national liberation movement, witnessing yet another stage in the tain the ethnicity of the Ukrainian Ukrainian classical music. personal political-ideological community in the iri-state-area. and to Mr. Komichak can be reached by uprooting the aspirations for the odyssey of Mr. Dziuba, which may reflect the best image of Ukrainian writing to the Ukrainian Radio Pro­ creation of a Ukrainian state, be connected with as yet unclear Americans. For many listeners the gram. Box 52. Pittsburgh, Pa. 15230, or forcefully implemented a policy of cultural developments in Ukraine. program is the primary source of by calling (412) 28NI900. Russificaiion. impeded the develop­ ment of Ukrainian language and In order to convey the tone of Mr. criticized Soviet testimony. Among the literature.' " Dziuba`s article, it seems appro­ Americans... reasons cited were a "lack of credibility" Mr. Dziuba, is not using his own priate to end with his own concluding (Continued from page 4) (U.S. vs. Uiipenieks). "coercive and words; he is quoting an official paragraph: "And to go back once its Nazi hunting. intimidating atmosphere" (U.S. vs. document of the Communist Party, again to the beginning of my essay, to It is the contention of Al)l' that the Sprogis) and "the impossibility of "Thesis of the Central Committee of the question of what constitutes the OSl's prosecutions should be carried providing the usual safeguards of trust­ the Communist Party of the Soviet basis for the commonality in the out in accordance with the American worthiness" (U.S. vs. Kungys). Union on the 300th Anniversary of work of these two great poets, what concept of due process. Certain rights, ADP spokespersons said the group the Reunion of Ukraine with makes these two powerful currents, such as a right to a jury trial, right to sees no reason for the OS1 to travel to Russia." This and other quotations which flow on both sides of the Carpathians, so much alike, we can legal counsel and equal access to evi­ the USSR to accommodate the Soviets. from Lenin and Marx are used to dence should be afforded the accused. present theses which otherwise could say: they spring from one common Soviet witnesses should be brought to source - love for one's nation; they A controversial issue in these prose­ the United States to testify. be regarded as ideologically heretical cutions is the use of Soviet-supplied are fed by one mighty current — the Mrs. Ra/gaitis tiail) denied the B'nai and dangerous. Such quotations do lifeforce of the love for one's nation: evidence and the OSl's desire to deport not have the perfunctory function of individuals to the Soviet Union. ADPis B`rilh's charges ol anti-Semitism. "Anti- they flow into one sea, the most Semitism is not the issue: one govern­ affirming the official ideology, but international sea of the most interna­ adamantly opposed to any deportations ) rather play a critical function by to Communist-controlled countries. ment agency's unchecked use of power tional feeling - love for one's is. We are aware of what happened showing the discrepancy between nation." Several federal court judges have during Joe McCarthy's era. Let's not let existing reality and official doctrines. been troubled by and have roundlv it happen again." she concluded.