Methods in Enzymology
Volume 184
Avidin-Biotin Technology
Meir Wilchek
Edward A . Bayer
CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 184 x i
PREFACE XVi i
VOLUMES IN SERIES XiX
Section I. Introduction
1. Reflections FREDERIC M. RICHARDS 3
2. Introduction to Avidin-Biotin Technology MEIR WILCHEK AND EDWARD A . BAYER 5
3 . Applications of Avidin-Biotin Technology : Liter- MEIR WILCHEK AND ature Survey EDWARD A . BAYER 14
Section II . Biotin-Binding Proteins
4. Biotin-Binding Proteins : Overview and Prospects EDWARD A . BAYER AN D MEIR WILCHEK 49
5. Avidin and Streptavidin N. MICHAEL GREEN 51
6 . Nonglycosylated Avidin YAFFA HILLER , EDWARD A . BAYER, AND MEIR WILCHEK 68
7 . Cloning and Expression of Avidin in Escherichia GYAN CHANDRA AND call JOHN G . GRAY 70
8 . Isolation and Properties of Streptavidin EDWARD A . BAYER, HAYA BEN-HUR, AND MEIR WILCHEK 8 0
9. Crystal Forms of Avidin ODED LIVNAH AND JOEL L . SUSSMAN 9 0
10. Nonavidin Biotin-Binding Proteins KRISHNAMURTI DAKSHINAMURT I AND JASBIR CHAUHAN 9 3
li . Biotinidase BARRY WOLF , JEANNE HYMES, AND GREGORY S . HEARD 103
12. Monoclonal Antibody to Biotin KRISHNAMURTI DAKSHINAMURTI AND EDWARD S. RECTOR 11 1
Section III. General Methodology A . Preparation of Biotin Derivatives 13. Biotin-Containing Reagents MEIR WILCHEK AN D EDWARD A . BAYER 123 14. Protein Biotinylation EDWARD A . BAYER AN D MEIR WILCHEK 13 8
15 . Enzymatic C-Terminal Biotinylation of Proteins ALEXANDER SCHWARZ , CHRISTIAN WANDREY , EDWARD A . BAYER, AN D MEIR WILCHEK 160 16. Antibodies Biotinylated via Sugar Moieties DANIEL J. O'SHANNESSY 162 17 . 2-Iminobiotin-Containing Reagent and Affinity BARBARA FUDEM-GOLDI N Columns AND GEORGE A . ORR 167 B. Preparation of Avidin and Streptavidin Derivative s 18. Avidin- and Streptavidin-Containing Probes EDWARD A . BAYER AN D MEIR WILCHEK 17 4 19. Phycobiliprotein-Avidin and Phycobiliprotein- ALEXANDER N . GLAZE R Biotin Conjugates AND LUBERT STRYER 18 8 20. Monovalent Avidin Affinity Columns RONALD A . KOHANSKI AN D M. DANIEL LANE 19 4 21. Prevention of Nonspecific Binding of Avidin RAYMOND C. DUHAMEL AN D JAMES S. WHITEHEAD 201 C . Assays for Avidin and Bioti n
22. Enzymatic and Radioactive Assays for Biotin, Av- ERNEST V. GROMAN , idin, and Streptavidin JEFFREY M . ROTHENBERG , EDWARD A . BAYER, AN D MEIR WILCHEK 208 23. Colorimetric Enzyme Assays for Avidin and EDWARD A . BAYER , Biotin HAYA BEN-HUR, AND MEIR WILCHEK 21 7 24 . Sequential Solid-Phase Assay for Biotin Based on DONALD M . MOCK 224 125 I-Labeled Avidin
25 . Fluorometric Assay for Avidin-Biotin Interaction DONALD M . MOCK AND PAUL HOROWITZ 234
Section IV. Applications
A. Isolation and Purificatio n
26 . Isolation of Biologically Active Compounds : A MEIR WILCHEK AN D Universal Approach EDWARD A . BAYER 24 3
27 . Isolation and Characterization of Hormone Re- FRANCES M . FINN AND ceptors KLAUS HOFMANN 244
28 . Biotinylation of Peptide Hormones : Structural WALTER NEWMAN , Analysis and Application to Flow Cytometry L . DAWSON BEALL, AN D ZAFAR I. RANDHAWA 275
29 . Purification of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ELI HAZUM 285 Receptor s
30 . Biotinylestradiol for Purification of Estrogen Re- GERARD REDEUILH , ceptor CLAUDE SECCO, AND ETIENNE-EMILE BAULIEU 292
31 . One-Step Immunoaffinity Purification of Trans- EDWARD A. BAYER AND ferrin MEIR WILCHEK 30 1
32 . Lectin-Mediated Isolation of Cell Surface Glyco- GEOFFREY M . W . COOK AN D proteins J . WILLIAM BUCKIE 304
33 . Immunoselective Cell Separation JAN WORMMEESTER , FRANK STIEKEMA, AND CORNELIS DE GROOT 31 4
34. Isolation and Analysis of Splicing Complexes PAULA J . GRABOWSKI 31 9
35 . Z-DNA Affinity Chromatography RICHARD FISHEL , PAUL ANZIANO, AN D ALEXANDER RICH 32 8
B . Localization
36. Affinity Cytochemistry MEIR WILCHEK, EDWARD A . BAYER, AN D EHUD SKUTELSKY 340
37 . Double Fluorescence Immunolabeling Studies ANNE H . DUTTON , MARGIE ADAMS, AN D S . J . SINGER 343
38 . Detection of Cell Surface Components Using Flu- ARTHUR J . SYTKOWSKI 35 3 orescent Microsphere s
39. Immunochemistry SU-MING Hsu 35 7
40 . Immunocytochemical Detection of Human T- and ROGER A . WARNKE AN D B-Cell Antigens LAWRENCE M . WEISS 363
41 . Ultrastructural Localization of Retinal Photore- DAVID S. PAPERMASTER , ceptor Proteins BARBARA G . SCHNEIDER, AND IZHAK NIR 370
42. Visualization of Intracellular Trafficking of Pro- RANDAL E . MORRIS AND teins CATHARINE B . SAELINGER 379
43 . Localization of Lectin Receptors RICHARD M . PING 388
44 . Localization of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone GWEN V . CHILDS 395 Receptor s
45 . Localization of Ganglioside GMI with Biotinylated HIROAKI Asou 405 Choleragen
46 . Visualization of Adenosinetriphosphatase Site of KAZUO SUTOH 409 Myosin Using a Photoreactive Adenosine 5'-Di- phosphate Analog
C . Protein Blotting
47 . Analysis of Proteins and Glycoproteins on Blots EDWARD A . BAYER, HAYA BEN-HUR, AND MEIR WILCHEK 41 5
48 . Direct Labeling of Blotted Glycoconjugates EDWARD A . BAYER , HAYA BEN-HUR, AND MEIR WILCHEK 42 7
49 . Identification of Leukocyte Surface Proteins WALTER L . HURLEY AN D EVE FINKELSTEIN 42 9
50 . Staining of Proteins on Nitrocellulose Replicas WILLIAM J . LAROCHELLE AN D STANLEY C. FROEHNER 43 3
51 . Streptavidin-Enzyme Complexes in Detection of CHRISTINE L . BRAKEL , Antigens on Western Blots MARK S . BROWER, AN D KIMBERLY GARRY 43 7
52 . Luminescent Detection of Immunodot and West- MERLIN M . L . LEONG em Blots AND GLYN R . Fox 442
53 . Identification of Calmodulin-Binding Proteins MELVIN L . BILLINGSLEY , JOSEPH W . POLLI , KEITH R . PENNYPACKER, AND RANDALL L . KINCAID 45 1
D. Immunoassay s
54 . Avidin-Biotin Mediated Immunoassays : Over- MEIR WILCHEK AND view EDWARD A . BAYER 467
55 . Avidin-Biotin System in Enzyme Immunoassays THE` RESE TERNYNCK AND STRATIS AVRAMEAS 469
56. Two-Site and Competitive Chemiluminescent Im- CHRISTIAN J . STRASBURGE R munoassays AND FORTUNE KOHEN 48 1
57 . Biotinylated Protein A in Immunoassay IKUO TAKASHIMA , NOBUO HASHIMOTO, AN D HSHI-CHI CHANG 49 7
58 . Slide Immunoenzymatic Assay for Human Im- EVERLY CONWAY DE MACARIO , munoglobulin E ROBERT J . JOVELL, AND ALBERTO J . L . MACARIO 501
59 . Quantification of Carcinoembryonic Antigen in CHRISTOPH WAGENER, Serum and Analysis of Epitope Specificities of LUCIA WICKERT, AN D Monoclonal Antibodies JOHN E . SHIVELY 507
60 . Selective Precipitation of Biotin-Labeled Antigens CHRISTOPH WAGENER, or Monoclonal Antibodies by Avidin for Deter- ULRICH KRÜGER, AN D mining Epitope Specificities and Affinities in JOHN E . SHIVELY 518 Solution-Phase Assay s
61 . Immunoassays for Diagnosis of Infectious Dis- ROBERT H . YOLKEN 529 ease s
62 . Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay WILLIE F. VANN , ANN SUTTON, AND RACHEL SCHNEERSON 537
63. Rapid Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus LATA S . NERURKAR 54 1
64 . Sensitive Immunoassay for Human Immunodefi- KENNETH R . HUSKINS , ciency Viral Core Proteins KEVIN J . REAGAN , JOHN A . WEHRLY, AND JEANNE E . NEUMANN 556
E. Gene Probe s
65. Gene Probes MEIR WILCHEK AN D EDWARD A. BAYER 560
66 . Biotinylated Nucleotides for Labeling and Detect- LEONARD KLEVAN AN D ing DNA GULILAT GEBEYEHU 561
67 . Biotinylated Psoralen Derivative for Labeling Nu- COREY LEVENSON , cleic Acid Hybridization Probes ROBERT WATSON, AN D EDWARD L. SHELDON 57 7
68 . Chemically Cleavable Biotin-Labeled Nucleotide TIMOTHY M . HERMAN AND Analogs BARBARA J . FENN 58 4
69 . Preparation and Uses of Photobiotin JAMES L . MCINNES , ANTHONY C . FORSTER , DEREK C . SKINGLE, AN D ROBERT H . SYMONS 588
70. Modification of Cytosine Residues on DNA RAPHAEL P. VISCIDI 600
71. Direct Incorporation of Biotin into DNA MEIR WILCHEK , JEFFREY M . ROTHENBERG , AVI REISFELD, AN D EDWARD A . BAYER 608
72. Colorimetric-Detected DNA Sequencing STEPHAN BECK 61 2
F. Composite and Special Applications
73. Composite Applications MEIR WILCHEK AND EDWARD A . BAYER 61 8
74. Third Component of Human Complement: C3 MELVIN BERGER 61 9
75 . Purification and Characterization of Membrane JEAN-PIERRE KRAEHENBUH L Proteins AND CLAUDE BONNARD 62 9
76 . Facilitated Cell Fusion for Hybridoma Production MARY K . CONRAD AND MATHEW M . S . Lo 64 1
77 . Complex Neoglycoproteins MING-CHUAN SHAG , LING-MEI CHEN, AND FINN WOLD 65 3
78. Probing ß-Adrenergic Receptors KATHRYN E . MEIER AN D ARNOLD E . RuoHo 66 0
79 . Probing Adenosine Receptors Using Biotinylated KENNETH A . JACOBSON 66 8 Purine Derivative s
AUTHOR INDEX 67 3
SUBJECT INDEX 705