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To Mars and Beyond Help Us Improve Diversity and Inclusivity by Updating Your Details on the Member Portal Today! PN Issue 117 / Winter 2020 Physiology News Space physiology: To Mars and beyond Help us improve diversity and inclusivity by updating your details on the member portal today! Log into the portal to update your details now: physoc.org/details TPS12405 - Diversity and inclusivity advert - text update V2REPRO.indd 1 13/08/2019 11:48:49 Physiology News Scientific Editor Keith Siew University College London We welcome feedback on our membership magazine, or letters and suggestions for articles for publication, including book reviews, from our Members. Managing Editor Please email Julia Turan at [email protected]. Julia Turan Physiology News is one of the benefits of membership, along with reduced registration rates Editorial Board for our high-profile events, free online access to our leading journals,The Journal of Physiology, Ronan Berg University Hospital Rigshospitalet Experimental Physiology and Physiological Reports, and travel grants to attend scientific Angus Brown University of Nottingham meetings. Membership offers you access to the largest network of physiologists in Europe. Havovi Chichger Anglia Ruskin University Karen Doyle NUI Galway Join now to support your career in physiology: Visit www.physoc.org/membership or call 0207 269 5721. Lalarukh Haris Shaikh Palantir Technologies Richard Hulse Nottingham Trent University Philip Lewis University Hospital of Cologne Dervla O’Malley University College Cork Membership Fees for 2020 FEES Michael Preedy Queen Mary University of London Fellow £120 Christopher Torrens University of Southampton Member £90 [email protected] Retired Member – YOUTUBE LOGO SPECS on light backgrounds on dark backgrounds Affiliate £40 PRINT www.physoc.org standard standard main red gradient bottom PMS 1795C PMS 1815C Associate £30 C0 M96 Y90 K2 C13 M96 Y81 K54 white black WHITE BLACK no gradients @ThePhySocno gradients Undergraduate – C0 M0 Y0 K0 C100 M100 Y100 K100 /physoc Opinions expressed in articles and letters submitted by, or commissioned from, Members or outside watermark watermark bodies are not necessarily those of The Physiological Society. Physiology News is a member magazine and therefore is not subject to peer review and authors are advised to not include unpublished hard /company/The-Physiological-Society scientific data. stacked logo (for sharing only) stacked logo (for sharing only) © 2020 The Physiological Society ISSN 1476-7996 (Print) ISSN 2041-6512 (Online). /physoctv The Physiological Society is registered in England as a company limited by guarantee: No. 323575. Registered office: Hodgkin Huxley House, 30 Farringdon Lane, London EC1R 3AW. Registered Charity: No. 211585. “The Physiological Society” and the Physiological Society logo are trademarks belonging to The Physiological Society and are registered in the UK and in the EU Community, respectively. Designed, produced and printed by Lavenham Press Ltd. 2 Physiology News / Winter 2020 / Issue 117 Contents Help us improve diversity and inclusivity by updating your details on the member portal today! Welcome to the Winter 2020 edition of Physiology News Introduction Features 5 Editorial: Space is in the air 22 Don’t lose sight under pressure: Cranial consequences of a life without gravity 6 President’s View: Looking back on a great year 26 Space brain: The adverse impact of deep space radiation 7 Letters to the Editor exposure on the brain 30 May the (Gz) force be with you: Gravity and human space exploration News and Views 36 The invisible space killers: The dangers of space radiation from both inside and outside the solar system 8 Reports of The Society’s recent committee meetings 40 Getting to the heart of it: The cardiovascular consequences 9 Physiology Feed of spaceflight 10 Physiologist among the stars: A conversation with Log into the portal to update your details now: Jim Pawelczyk physoc.org/details 12 Physiological discoveries abound within NASA samples Membership 14 Sex in space: Our final reproductive frontier 44 Why research space physiology? 15 Book Review: How to live in space by Colin Stuart 46 Obituary: William Stanley Peart TPS12405 - Diversity and inclusivity advert - text update V2REPRO.indd 1 13/08/2019 11:48:49 16 The NASA Twins studies 47 Obituary: Paul M Vanhoutte Events 19 Partnerships, communities and inclusion to drive better research 21 Europhysiology 2020: Bringing together the physiology community Cover image: “Knowledge Space” by Martin Sati. 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