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Future Farmers of Our Solar System: Growing Gardens in Microgravity – Season 2, Special Episode
Future Farmers of Our Solar System: Growing Gardens in Microgravity – Season 2, Special Episode Amy: Hey everyone, this is Amy Bell from Louisiana Tech University, and you’re listening to a very special episode of Beyond 1894. Amy: On December 2nd, 2020, the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket is scheduled to launch from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. It will be delivering science investigations, supplies, and equipment to the International Space Station. One of the deliveries will be a new technology developed here at Louisiana Tech University by Dr. Gergana Nestorova, an Assistant Professor of Biology in the School of Biological Sciences. Amy: While NASA is taking steps to expand space exploration, they need to ensure astronauts on longer missions—like to Mars or to the moon—will have all the resources they need to successfully complete their mission. One of those resources is food--fresh, nutritious, food—that will help sustain the astronauts in an environment that will not. Amy: Right now, astronauts are dependent on regular shipments of freeze-dried and prepackaged meals, but the farther they travel from Earth, the longer it will take for them to receive those shipments. These meals, like other food, will break down and overtime become less nutritious. If astronauts have to survive without a new shipment for months or years, their prepackaged meals may spoil before the next shipment’s arrival. Amy: Listen to astronaut Serena Auñón-Chancellor as she talks about the food she and her team eat in space. Dr. Serena Auñón-Chancellor: What type of food did we eat? So, you know how the military eats MRE’s? Have you ever seen these green packets with mushy food inside? Yeah, that's what we ate. -
Mrs. Funmilola Adebisi Oluwafemi National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA), Abuja, Nigeria, [email protected]
70th International Astronautical Congress 2019 Paper ID: 48743 oral IAF/IAA SPACE LIFE SCIENCES SYMPOSIUM (A1) Biology in Space (8) Author: Mrs. Funmilola Adebisi Oluwafemi National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA), Abuja, Nigeria, [email protected] Mr. Adhithiyan Neduncheran Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, [email protected] Mr. Shaun Andrews University of Bristol, United Kingdom, [email protected] Mr. Di Wu University of Arizona, United States, [email protected] METHODS OF SEEDS PLANTING IN SPACE: SOIL-LESS OR NOT Abstract Botanists, gardeners, and farmers alike have worked for thousands of years to perfect growth in any environment. Plants and humans are ideal companions for space travel. Amongst many other things for space travel, humans consume oxygen and release carbonIVoxide, plants return the favor by consuming carbonIVoxide and releasing oxygen. Therefore, space farming's need has being greatly recognized in space travel starting from plants need as human companion to its need for feeding the astronauts. As on Earth, the method of planting seeds for short-term and the proposed long-term space missions require the same basic ingredients for the plants to grow. It takes nutrients, water, oxygen and a good amount of light to get it grown. Astrobotany as the study of plants in space therefore needs to know how to grow them. Space environment is characterized by microgravity or reduced gravity and radiation; and cannot fully support germination, growth and development of plants. Therefore, the most efficient processes for the development of crops in space can be done through closed, controlled or soil-less cultivation systems. -
Space Farming Challenges & Opportunities
Space Farming Challenges & Opportunities O. Monje Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899 IFT 2017, June 25 -28, Las Vegas, NV Earth = Our “Bioregenerative” Life Support System Wheeler, 2016 On Earth, explorers ‘live off the land’ • Crew = 33 • 2 years – elk hunting and fishing • Learned food technology from native tribes In space, explorers need in situ food production • Space Farming enables colonization of space • Sustainable: minimize logistics of resupply • Supplies: Light, CO2, O2, Nutrients, Water, Soil, Seeds, Plant chamber • Crew Psychological well-being: green Earth • Food Systems: palatable, nutritious and safe source of fresh food (limited shelf-life) LADA VEGGIE Task: adapt 1g agriculture to fractional g locations Opportunities: Commercial Uses of Cislunar Space NASA – Prepares for missions to Mars Human Exploration and Operations Exploration Objectives, 2016 Deep Space Gateway – crewed spaceport in lunar orbit – access lunar surface & deep space Deep Space Transport – reusable vehicle to travel to Mars and return to the gateway Commercial uses of Cislunar Space ESA – Moon Village & Amazon Moon Deliveries BEAM – Bigelow Expandable Activity Module Space Farming = f ( Plant/Microbial Biology & Engineering ) Research Issues • Sensory mechanisms: Gravity sensing and response to mechanisms in cells, plants & microbes. • Radiation effects on plants/microbes • Plant/microbial growth under altered atmospheric pressures • Spaceflight syndromes: Responses to integrated spaceflight environment, microbial ecosystems and environments, changes in virulence of pathogens. • Food safety • Plant – Microbe Interactions Hardware Issues • Performance: Mitigate spaceflight syndromes for adequate plant growth • Mass, power & volume restrictions • Role in life support systems Space-Flight Environment The absence of gravity induces physical effects that alter the microenvironment surrounding plants and their organs. -
Space Food and Nutrition in a Long Term Manned Mission
ᇔ ࡵ ბ ࡔ ࣷ ዐ C Advances in Astronautics Science and Technology (2018) 1:1–21 S H C I I N T E U S E A N S O O R CI T https://doi.org/10.1007/s42423-018-0016-2 ETY OF AS ORIGINAL PAPER Space Food and Nutrition in a Long Term Manned Mission Funmilola Adebisi Oluwafemi1 · Andrea De La Torre2 · Esther Morayo Afolayan3 · Bolanle Magret Olalekan-Ajayi4 · Bal Dhital5 · Jose G. Mora-Almanza6 · George Potrivitu4 · Jessica Creech4 · Aureliano Rivolta7 Received: 17 June 2018 / Revised: 30 June 2018 / Accepted: 20 July 2018 / Published online: 25 August 2018 © The Author(s) 2018 Abstract Fulfillment of space exploration mission is key, but much more important are the lives of the explorers. Keeping the astronauts alive, jolly and healthy for long term manned mission has recently being a major and important research area. A major contribution seems to be the food they eat. For short term space manned missions, astronauts food could be taken along with them from Earth, but for manned missions to the Moon, Mars and Venus which are the current research destinations for long term space missions, they must find a means for their nutrition such as growing plants and finding any other alternatives for their survival. As most of these proposed missions have being designed to be one-way missions whereby the astronauts will not come back to the Earth. Good food and nutrition for astronauts help to keep their psychology and physiology in good shape. In this paper, solutions will be made on the various alternatives for feeding astronauts in the long term missions to various celestial bodies: Moon, Mars and Venus, where the atmosphere, gravity, soil, radiation and other conditions vary from one to the other and may not support germination, growth and development of plants. -
Science Fiction Films of the 1950S Bonnie Noonan Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected]
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2003 "Science in skirts": representations of women in science in the "B" science fiction films of the 1950s Bonnie Noonan Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Noonan, Bonnie, ""Science in skirts": representations of women in science in the "B" science fiction films of the 1950s" (2003). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 3653. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3653 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. “SCIENCE IN SKIRTS”: REPRESENTATIONS OF WOMEN IN SCIENCE IN THE “B” SCIENCE FICTION FILMS OF THE 1950S A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of English By Bonnie Noonan B.G.S., University of New Orleans, 1984 M.A., University of New Orleans, 1991 May 2003 Copyright 2003 Bonnie Noonan All rights reserved ii This dissertation is “one small step” for my cousin Timm Madden iii Acknowledgements Thank you to my dissertation director Elsie Michie, who was as demanding as she was supportive. Thank you to my brilliant committee: Carl Freedman, John May, Gerilyn Tandberg, and Sharon Weltman. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 356 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2019) A New Exploration of the Combined Treatment of Symptoms and Social Work Psychology in Male Sexual Addiction Patients Chengchung Tsai Minyi Li School of Management School of Social Sciences Putian University University of Macau Putian, China Macau, China Abstract—Post-Orgasmic Illness Syndrome (POIS) was progesterone, low cholesterol, low dehydroepiandrosterone, first discovered by Professor Waldinger and Schweitzerl in low cortisol, high prolactin or hypothyroidism. Some cases 2002. After publishing several papers such as "POIS Records encountered by the author team indicate that when the of Emotional, Psychological and Behavioral Changes in Male mother was pregnant in the early years, she or her family had Patients" and "POIS Patients", "Clinical Observation Records smoking habits. Some mothers had long-term use of of Psychological and Behavioral Changes" and "POIS Male contraceptives or were used to eating animal internal organs. Disease Self-reports and Treatment Methods", in this paper, Even some cases were diagnosed as male gynecomastia. the author will cite the views of Chinese medicine practitioners on the treatment of POIS, and hope to provide more practical treatment methods and references for future research. TABLE I. SEVEN GROUPS OF POIS SYMPTOMS FOUND BY WALDINGER AND OTHER MEDICAL TEAMS Keywords—POIS; male; ejaculation; mental state; disorder; Body parts Various local sensations emotion Behavioral symptoms extreme fatigue, exhaustion, palpitations, forgetting words, being too lazy to talk, incoherent, inattention, irritability, I. INTRODUCTION photophobia, depression The main research objects of this paper are journalists, Flu symptoms fever, cold, hot, sweaty, trembling writers and other text workers, as well as creative designers Head symptoms head dizziness, groggy, confused and heavy who take creativity as the selling point as the research object. -
Symbiosis in City
Symbiosis in City How can vertical farming be integrated in a high rise mixed use development? Supervisors Dushko Bogunovich Cesar Wagner Explanatory Document A Research Project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture (Professional) Unitec Institute of Technology, 2016 Jaskirat Matharu 1352624 1 2 3 Symbiosis In City How can vertical farming be integrated in a high rise mixed use development? 3 Symbiosis is derived from Greek words ‘Together’ and ‘Living.’ It is a close and long term interaction between different biological species.1 1. Wikipedia, “Symbiosis,” last modified September 20, 2016, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiosis 4 Abstract Vertical farming is one of the promising This research project takes into account solutions – we should start experimenting existing state of knowledge, to create a high with it.. Vertical farming has a wide range rise mix use building with a vertical farming of benefits that can provide a sustainable facility. As a result, the proposed building alternative to traditional farming. The design combines wide range of uses, functions and solution needs to become a model that not procedures to create a functional artificial only provides food security but also raises ecosystem. In the process, a harmonic awareness about an issue that requires symbiotic relationship is established between broader attention. humans, plants and all other components involved. Architecturally this project addresses implications of putting a vertical farming With population rapidly rising, arable in the heart of the city. Urban design land diminishing and cities sprawling ever requirements, full exposure to allow bigger, the way we grow food is going to maximum sunlight into the building and require a revolution. -
Humanity and Space Design and Implementation of a Theoretical Martian Outpost
Project Number: MH-1605 Humanity and Space Design and implementation of a theoretical Martian outpost An Interactive Qualifying Project submitted to the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute In partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Degree of Bachelor Science By Kenneth Fong Andrew Kelly Owen McGrath Kenneth Quartuccio Matej Zampach Abstract Over the next century, humanity will be faced with the challenge of journeying to and inhabiting the solar system. This endeavor carries many complications not yet addressed such as shielding from radiation, generating power, obtaining water, creating oxygen, and cultivating food. Still, practical solutions can be implemented and missions accomplished utilizing futuristic technology. With resources transported from Earth or gathered from Space, a semi-permanent facility can realistically be established on Mars. 2 Contents 1 Executive Summary 1 2 Introduction 3 2.1 Kenneth Fong . .4 2.2 Andrew Kelly . .6 2.3 Owen McGrath . .7 2.4 Kenneth Quartuccio . .8 2.5 Matej Zampach . .9 3 Research 10 3.1 Current Space Policy . 11 3.1.1 US Space Policy . 11 3.1.2 Russian Space Policy . 12 3.1.3 Chinese Space Policy . 12 3.2 Propulsion Methods . 14 3.2.1 Launch Loops . 14 3.2.2 Solar Sails . 17 3.2.3 Ionic Propulsion . 19 3.2.4 Space Elevator . 20 i 3.2.5 Chemical Propulsion . 21 3.3 Colonization . 24 3.3.1 Farming . 24 3.3.2 Sustainable Habitats . 25 3.3.3 Sustainability . 27 3.3.4 Social Issues . 28 3.3.5 Terraforming . 29 3.3.6 Harvesting Water from Mars . -
For Bioregenerative Life Support Systems
Ph.D IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES XXXI CYCLE NUTRIENT DELIVERY AND WATER MANAGEMENT FOR PRODUCING LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa L.) FOR BIOREGENERATIVE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS COORDINATER CANDIDATE Prof. Guido D’Urso Christophe El-Nakhel PROMOTER Prof. Youssel Rouphael Co-PROMOTER Prof. Stefania De Pascale 1 Table of content 1 Chapter 1- Introduction .......................................................................................... 6 1.1 BLSS history .............................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Plant role in BLSS ..................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Candidate crops for BLSS ......................................................................................... 9 1.4 Influence of lettuce genetic material ........................................................................ 11 1.5 Nutrient solution management: Macro-elements concentration & composition ..... 12 1.6 Importance of biofortification .................................................................................. 13 1.6.1 Iron biofortification ................................................................................................. 14 1.6.2 Selenium biofortification ......................................................................................... 14 1.7 Research objective ................................................................................................... 15 1.8 References ............................................................................................................... -
Mars Regolith Simulant Ameliorated by Compost As in Situ Cultivation Substrate Improves Lettuce Growth and Nutritional Aspects
plants Article Mars Regolith Simulant Ameliorated by Compost as In Situ Cultivation Substrate Improves Lettuce Growth and Nutritional Aspects 1, 1, 1, 1 Luigi G. Duri y, Christophe El-Nakhel y , Antonio G. Caporale *, Michele Ciriello , Giulia Graziani 2 , Antonio Pannico 1 , Mario Palladino 1, Alberto Ritieni 2,3 , Stefania De Pascale 1 , Simona Vingiani 1,4, Paola Adamo 1,4 and Youssef Rouphael 1,* 1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; [email protected] (L.G.D.); [email protected] (C.E.-N.); [email protected] (M.C.); [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (S.D.P.); [email protected] (S.V.); [email protected] (P.A.) 2 Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; [email protected] (G.G.); [email protected] (A.R.) 3 Staff of Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, 80131 Napoli, Italy 4 Interdepartmental Research Centre on the ‘Earth Critical Zone’ for Supporting the Landscape and Agroenvironment Management (CRISP), University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.G.C.); [email protected] (Y.R.) These authors contributed equally. y Received: 14 April 2020; Accepted: 12 May 2020; Published: 14 May 2020 Abstract: Heavy payloads in future shuttle journeys to Mars present limiting factors, making self-sustenance essential for future colonies. Therefore, in situ resources utilization (ISRU) is the path to successful and feasible space voyages. This research frames the concept of planting leafy vegetables on Mars regolith simulant, ameliorating this substrate’s fertility by the addition of organic residues produced in situ. -
International Space Station Benefits for Humanity, 3Rd Edition
International Space Station Benefits for Humanity 3RD Edition This book was developed collaboratively by the members of the International Space Station (ISS) Program Science Forum (PSF), which includes the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Canadian Space Agency (CSA), European Space Agency (ESA), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), State Space Corporation ROSCOSMOS (ROSCOSMOS), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI). NP-2018-06-013-JSC i Acknowledgments A Product of the International Space Station Program Science Forum National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Executive Editors: Julie Robinson, Kirt Costello, Pete Hasbrook, Julie Robinson David Brady, Tara Ruttley, Bryan Dansberry, Kirt Costello William Stefanov, Shoyeb ‘Sunny’ Panjwani, Managing Editor: Alex Macdonald, Michael Read, Ousmane Diallo, David Brady Tracy Thumm, Jenny Howard, Melissa Gaskill, Judy Tate-Brown Section Editors: Tara Ruttley Canadian Space Agency: Bryan Dansberry Luchino Cohen, Isabelle Marcil, Sara Millington-Veloza, William Stefanov David Haight, Louise Beauchamp Tracy Parr-Thumm European Space Agency: Michael Read Andreas Schoen, Jennifer Ngo-Anh, Jon Weems, Cover Designer: Eric Istasse, Jason Hatton, Stefaan De Mey Erik Lopez Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency: Technical Editor: Masaki Shirakawa, Kazuo Umezawa, Sakiko Kamesaki, Susan Breeden Sayaka Umemura, Yoko Kitami Graphic Designer: State Space Corporation ROSCOSMOS: Cynthia Bush Georgy Karabadzhak, Vasily Savinkov, Elena Lavrenko, Igor Sorokin, Natalya Zhukova, Natalia Biryukova, -
Ethical Implications of Pregnancy on Missions to Colonize Other Planets Haley Schuster and Steven L
Schuster and Peck Life Sciences, Society and Policy (2016) 12:10 DOI 10.1186/s40504-016-0043-5 RESEARCH Open Access Mars ain’t the kind of place to raise your kid: ethical implications of pregnancy on missions to colonize other planets Haley Schuster and Steven L. Peck* * Correspondence: steven_peck@ byu.edu Abstract Originally presented at the Annual International Mars Society The colonization of a new planet will inevitably bring about new bioethical issues. Convention, Washington, DC One is the possibility of pregnancy during the mission. During the journey to the August 13-16, 2015 target planet or moon, and for the first couple of years before a colony has been Biology Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, established and the colony has been accommodated for children, a pregnancy USA would jeopardize the safety of the crew and the wellbeing of the child. The principal concern with a pregnancy during an interplanetary mission is that it could put the entire crew in danger. Resources such as air, food, and medical supplies will be limited and calculated to keep the crew members alive. We explore the bioethical concerns of near-future space travel. Introduction A non-profit organization called Mars One has begun to sort through candidates to take the nine month journey to Mars and establish a human colony with the goal to make Mars habitable. The colonization of a new planet will inevitably bring about new bioethical issues. One is that the possibility of pregnancy during the mission could jeopardize the safety of the crew and the wellbeing of the child.