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Science Units Grade 12 Advanced

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Science units Grade 12 advanced Contents 12AB.1 Biological energetics 391 12AC.1 The periodic table 455 12AP.1 Gravity and circular motion 507 12AB.2 Transport systems 401 12AC.2 Rates of reaction 465 12AP.2 The nature of matter 515 12AB.3 Control, coordination and 413 12AC.3 Acids and K values 471 12AP.3 Thermodynamics 525 homeostasis 12AB.4 Human immune system 427 12AC.4 Energy and entropy 477 12AP.4 Oscillations 533 12AB.5 Genetic inheritance 435 12AC.5 Organic reaction 483 12AP.5 Electrostatic charge and 543 mechanisms force 12AB.6 Ecological relationships 441 12AC.6 Aromatic organic chemistry 489 12AP.6 Quantum and nuclear 557 physics 12AB.7 Biotechnology 449 12AC.7 Making and using chemicals 495 12AP.7 Astrophysics and cosmology 569 12AC.8 Macromolecules 501 Science scheme of work: Grade 12 advanced units 270 hours 1st semester 124 teaching hours Biology: 48 hours Chemistry: 37 hours Physics: 39 hours Unit 12AB.0: Revision unit Unit 12AC.0: Revision unit Unit 12AP.0: Revision unit Revision of key ideas from Grade 11. Revision of key ideas from Grade 11. Revision of key ideas from Grade 11. 3 hours 3 hours 3 hours Unit 12AP.1: Gravity and circular motion Unit 12AB.1: Biological energetics Unit 12AC.1: The periodic table Centripetal acceleration and force. Angular velocity. Biochemistry of anaerobic and aerobic respiration. Periodicity in ionisation energy, electron affinity and Gravitational field strength. Newton's law of ATP structure and generation. Biochemistry of electronegativity. Properties, compounds and trends gravitation. Satellites in circular orbit. Energy of an photosynthesis. Carbon-14 in study of in s, p and d block elements. Amphiprotic elements. orbiting satellite. photosynthesis. 17 hours 10 hours 15 hours Unit 12AP.2: The nature of matter Stress, strain, Young modulus, strength and Unit 12AB.2: Transport systems Unit 12AC.2: Rates of reaction stiffness. Surface tension and interparticle forces. Blood: structure and function. Tissue fluid and Rate and equilibrium constants. Rate equations. Fluid flow and pressure. Kinetic particle model for lymph. Blood groups and transfusions. Translocation Arrhenius equation. real and ideal gases. Ideal gas equation and and factors affecting transpiration. Xerophytic 10 hours absolute zero. Relationships between pressure, adaptations. molecular speed, kinetic energy and temperature in 12 hours an ideal gas. 15 hours Unit 12AC.3: Acids and K values Unit 12AB.3: Control, coordination and Acidity, titrations, pH, pKa, Kw, buffers. Ksp. Unit 12AP.3: Thermodynamics homeostasis 7 hours Kelvin and Celsius temperature scales. First law of Endocrine glands and hormone regulation. Structure thermodynamics: energy conservation. and function of kidney. Water balance and Thermodynamic systems: heat, work and internal temperature regulation. Structure and function of energy. Second law of thermodynamics: entropy and neurones and brain. Plant hormones. disorder; efficiency of heat engines. 18 hours 11 hours Science scheme of work: Grade 12 advanced units 270 hours 2nd semester 146 teaching hours Biology: 42 hours Chemistry: 53 hours Physics: 51 hours Unit 12AB.4: Human immune system Unit 12AC.4: Energy and entropy Unit 12AP.4: Oscillations Stem cells and monoclonal antibodies. Immune Born-Haber cycles. Second law of thermodynamics. Free oscillations. Simple harmonic motion: system and allergies. Active and passive immunity Standard entropy and free energy changes. equations and graphs for displacement, velocity, and vaccination. Antibiotics and bacterial resistance. 16 hours acceleration, potential and kinetic energy. Damped Cholera, influenza, malaria and TB. Gene therapy. and forced oscillations. Resonance. 12 hours 9 hours Unit 12AC.5: Organic reaction mechanisms Shape of aliphatic organic compounds and electronic structure. Electrophilic and nucleophilic reaction Unit 12AB.5: Genetic inheritance Unit 12AP.5: Electrostatic charge and force mechanisms. Dihybrid crosses. Co-dominance and multiple Uniform electric field. Coulomb's law for point 11 hours alleles. Chi-squared test. Human Genome Project. charges. Electric potential, field strength and Genetic fingerprinting, screening and counselling. potential gradient. Electrical and gravitational fields. 9 hours Capacitors: charge and energy; combination in series and in parallel. Unit 12AC.6: Aromatic organic chemistry 13 hours Nomenclature, structure and bonding of aromatic compounds. Arene chemistry. Mechanism of electrophilic substitution and factors affecting it. Unit 12AB.6: Ecological relationships Nitroarenes, amines and azo-compounds. Unit 12AP.6: Quantum and nuclear physics Adaptations of animals to their environment. 11 hours Population growth dynamics. Ecological succession. Emission and absorption spectra. Photoelectric Biological control. Conservation and preservation effect. Quantisation of electron orbital energy. issues. Quantisation of electric charge. Wave-particle 13 hours Unit 12AC.7: Making and using chemicals duality of electrons. Equivalence of mass and Economics of the alkali industry. Industrial processes energy. Schrödinger model of hydrogen atom. versus environment. Exploitation of Qatar's natural 14 hours gas. 7 hours Unit 12AB.7: Biotechnology Genetically engineered human insulin. Biosensors Unit 12AP.7: Astrophysics and cosmology and blood glucose. Monoclonal antibodies. The visible Universe: stars and galaxies; scale and Unit 12AC.8: Macromolecules Immobilised enzymes. structure. Very distant objects: look-back time; Structure and function of amino acids, proteins, 8 hours redshift; universal expansion; the Big Bang; nucleotides and nucleic acids. Relationships between spacetime. Formation and evolution of stars and physical properties of polymers and their structures. planets. Polymer additives, plasticisers, foams. 15 hours 8 hours GRADE 12A: Biology 1 UNIT 12AB.1 15 hours Biological energetics About this unit Previous learning Resources This unit is the first of seven units on biology for To meet the expectations of this unit, students should already be able to The main resources needed for this unit are: Grade 12 advanced. describe the structural features of mitochondria and how these relate to the • overhead projector (OHP), whiteboard The unit is designed to guide your planning and chemical processes of respiration. They should know that ATP is the • yeast culture, thermostatically controlled water baths immediate energy source in cellular processes and be able to relate this to teaching of biology lessons. It provides a link • video clip of a sprint race respiration. They should be able to outline the reaction steps in the between the standards for science and your • models of ATP, ADP and glucose lesson plans. glycolysis, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation stages of respiration. They should be able to describe the structural features of chloroplasts and • photomicrographs of mitochondria The teaching and learning activities should help know how these relate to the chemical processes of photosynthesis. They • sets of prepared cards (e.g. for glycolysis, Krebs cycle) you to plan the content and pace of lessons. should know that ATP is the immediate energy source in cellular processes • Internet access Adapt the ideas to meet your students’ needs. and be able to relate this to photosynthesis. They should be able to outline • model waterwheel or OHT diagram For consolidation activities, look at the scheme of the reaction steps in the light-dependent and light-independent stages of work for Grades 10A and 11A. • calorimeter photosynthesis. They should be able to relate the structure of a plant leaf to • cabbage, centrifuge, buffer solution, dichlorophenolindophenol You can also supplement the activities with its function in photosynthesis and understand the factors limiting the rate of • chromatography paper and/or thin-layer plates appropriate tasks and exercises from your photosynthesis. school’s textbooks and other resources. • hand spectrometer and strong light source Introduce the unit to students by summarising Expectations what they will learn and how this builds on earlier Key vocabulary and technical terms work. Review the unit at the end, drawing out the By the end of the unit, students understand the basic biochemistry of Students should understand, use and spell correctly: main learning points, links to other work and real anaerobic respiration and compare this with aerobic respiration. They know world applications. the structure of ATP and ADP, the reactions in the three stages of aerobic • anaerobic respiration, aerobic respiration respiration and the role of NAD and ATP. They understand why aerobic and • glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation anaerobic respiration yield different amounts of energy in the form of ATP. • pyruvate, lactic acid, fermentation, oxygen debt They understand respiratory quotient and relate this to energy values of • NAD, FAD, ATP, chemiosmosis respiratory substrates. They know the reactions in the two stages of • respiratory quotient photosynthesis and the importance of the Calvin cycle. They know about • light-dependent reactions, light-independent reactions cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation and the use of ATP in the light- • cyclic photophosphorylation, non-cyclic photophosphorylation independent stage of photosynthesis. They know how carbon-14 has been used to investigate photosynthesis. They understand the absorption • photolysis, NADP spectrum of chlorophyll and know that the pigments of chlorophyll can be • carbon-14
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