Index 231 Index

Aaron, Henry, 76 Africa, 49, 23, 25, 46-50, 68, 140, Altitude, 23, 24 Anne Frank: Diary of a Young Girl, AARP Magazine, 154 146-148, 164 of mountains, 49, 50 160 Abaco Islands maps of, 135, 48 of states, 92-100 Anne of Green Gables, 160 See Bahamas countries of, 51-68 of cities, 101-103 Annelida, 35 Abbreviations, 165, 168, 71 religions, 90 of highest flying bird, 36 Antananarivo, Madagascar, 60, 135 of days, 9 See also Continents; Livingstone, Aluminum, 32, 33, 83 Antarctic Circle, 12, 24, 132-33 of months, 10 David; Stanley, Henry Morton Always Room for One More, 158 Antarctica, 49, 23, 25, 36, 50, 48, of state names, 100 African-Americans Alzheimer’s disease, 44 132-33 postal abbreviations, 100 holiday (Kwanzaa), 8 Amazon River, 48, 134 Antares, 13 of parts of speech, 150 suffrage, 118 (Amendment 15) Amendments to Constitution, 112, Antelope, 36, 109 UPI, AP, 153 See also King, Martin Luther, Jr.; 117-120 Anthem, national, 124 measurement units, 204-205, 43 Slavery provision for, 116 (Article 5) Anthony, Susan B., 76 in note-taking, 220 Afsluitdijk, 88 America Anthracite, 30 Abernathy, Ralph, 76 Age of Reason, 74-75 discovery of, 72, 73, 8 Antigua and Barbuda, 51, 132 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 135, 228 Agra, India, 87, 137 See North America; South America; Antiseptic, 83 Abraham, 70, 76, 89 Agriculture, Secretary of, 127 United States; Vespucci, Amerigo Antony, Mark, 76 Abraham Lincoln, (a book), 158 Air, 20-23, 24, 33, 39, 227, 228 American history, 143 Aon Centre, 88 Absolute zero, 205 Air brake See also History Apache tribe, 109 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, See Brake, air American manual alphabet, 163 See also Cochise; Geronimo 67, 135 Airplane, 75, 83, 23 American natives (Indians), 108-109, Apennine Tunnel, 87 Abuja, Nigeria, 62, 135 standard day, 23 8, 106, 229 Apes, 26 Abyssinia phonetic alphabet, 163 origins of state names, 92-100 Aphelion, 227 See Ethiopia Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge, 86 American Red Cross, 210 Apia, Samoa, 64 Acadia National Park, 104 Akron, Ohio, 105, 141 American Revolutionary War, 75, Apollo astronauts, 18 Accidents, 44 Alabama, 92, 100, 131 122, 143 (time line) Appalachians, 50, 28 Accordion, 83 Alaska, 92, 100, 23, 28, 47, 50, 188, American Samoa, Natl. Park of, 104 Appendix in book, 148 Accra, Ghana, 56, 135 191, 129, 130, 132 Amethyst, 10 Appert, Nicolas, 83 Achernar, 13 earthquake, 29 Amman, Jordan, 58, 135 Appleseed, Johnny, 76 Acid, 29 National Parks, 105-107 Ammonia, 33 Aqua-lung Aconcagua Peak, 28, 49, 50, 134 natives, Eskimos, 108 Amos Fortune, Free Man, 159 See Scuba gear Acre (measurement), 204 See also Seward, William H. Amphibians, 35, 26 Aquamarine, 10 Acropolis, 71 Alaska Range, 50, 129 Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 62, Arab, 72-74, 90, 164 Adam of the Road, 159 Albania, 51, 68, 136 136, 228 See also Islam Adams, Ansel, 76 Albany, New York, 97, 131 Amsterdam-Rhine Canal, 86 Arabian Desert, 49 Adams, John, 128, 76, 111 Albert Canal, 86 Amundsen, Roald, 76 Arabian Sea, 47, 135, 137 Adams, John Quincy, 128, 76, 149 Albuquerque, New Mexico, 101, 130 Anaconda, 36 Arachnida, 35 Adams, Richard, 160 Alcohol Anarchism, 121 Arafat, Yasser, 76 Adams, Samuel, 76, 111 prohibition, 119 (Amend. 18 & 21) Anaxagoras, 17 Aral Sea, 46, 228, 137 Adams, Thomas, 84 Alcott, Louisa May, 76, 160 Anchorage, Alaska, 129, 130 Arapahoe tribe, 109 Addams, Jane, 76 See also Invincible Louisa Ancient Empires, 48 Ararat, Mount, 50 Adding machine, 83 Aldebaran, 13 See Roman Empire; Greece, Ancient; Arc de Triomphe, 87 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 56, 149, 135 Aldrin, Edwin E., Jr., 18 Inca Empire; Aztec Empire Archaeopteryx, 26 Addis, William, 85 Alexander, Lloyd, 157, 159 ...And Now Miguel, 159 Arches National Park, 104 Addition, 200 Alexander the Great, 76 Anders, William A., 18 Archimedes, 76 Addresses Alexandrite, 10 Andersen, Hans Christian, 76, 160 Arctic Circle, 12, 24, 131-138 National Parks, 104-107 Algae, 26, 227 Anderson, Marian, 76 zArctic Ocean, 46, 49, 129, 137, 48 government officials, 126-127 Algeria, 51, 135 Andes, 50, 28, 134 Arctic tern, 36 abbreviations in, 165, 100 Algiers, Algeria, 51, 135 Andorra, 51, 136 Arcturus, 13 addressing letters and envelopes, Algonquin tribe, 108 Andorra la Vella, Andorra, 51 Area 189-191 Ali, Muhammad, 76 Andromeda Nebula, 227 of oceans, lakes, seas, 46-47 pen pals, 190 Alice in Wonderland, 160 Anemia, 42, 43 of continents, islands, deserts, 49 in phone directory, 155 Alimentary canal, 40 Anemometer, 23 of countries, 51-68, 228 Adjectives, 180, 150 All Saints’ Day, 8 Anesthetic, 83 of states, 92-100, 229 adjective-forming suffixes, 178 Allah, 90 Angel Falls, 47 of cities, 101-103 Adobe, 109 Allen, Ethan, 76 Angles, 206, 207 of world, 228 Adriatic Sea, 47, 136 Alligator, 35 Anglo-Saxon, 9 measurement of, 204, 207 Adventures of Pinocchio, 160 Alloy, 33, 227 Angola, 51, 135 Area codes, 155 Adverbs, 182, 150 Almanacs, 145, 151, 221, 224 Animals, 34-37, 11, 26, 30, 227 Argentina, 51, 28, 103, 134 adverb-forming suffixes, 178 Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, 163 ground hog, 6 Argon, 32 Advertisements, 153, 154, 155 Alpha Centauri, 13 speeds of, 36, 227 Arikana tribe, 109 Aegean Sea, 47, 136 Alpha Crucis, 13 state birds, 92-100 Aristocracy, 121 Aerophones, 195 Alphabet, 162-164 symbols, 124-125 Aristotle, 76 Aesop, 76, 160 frequency of letters, 162, 229 in National Parks, 104-107 Arithmetic, 198-203 Afar & Issas Alps, 50, 28 Animals of the Bible, 158 Arizona, 92, 100, 88, 102, 103, 26, See Djibouti Altair, 13 Ankara, Turkey, 66, 135 130 Afghanistan, 51, 3, 137 Altimeter, 23 Annapolis, Maryland, 95, 131 National Parks, 105, 107 Annapurna, 50 native tribes, 109 232 Index

ARKANSAS BOISE Arkansas, 92, 100, 106, 128, 131 Augusta, Maine, 94, 131 Bangladesh, 52, 90, 23, 103, 143 Betelgeuse, 13 Arkansas River, 48, 129 Augustus Caesar, 71, 76, 11 (table), 137 Better Homes and Gardens, 154 Arlberg Tunnel, 87 Aurora Australis, 20 Bangui, Central African Republic, Bethune, Mary McLeod, 76 Armenia, 51, 68, 137 Aurora Borealis, 20 53, 135 Bhutan, 52, 137 Armer, Laura Adams, 159 Austin, Stephen, 76 Banjo, 195 Bi Sheng, 84 Armistice Day Austin, Texas, 101, 98, 130 Banjul, Gambia, 56, 135 Bible, 89, 90, 2, 48, 50, 73, 124, 164 See Veterans Day Australasia Bank of China, 88 Bibliography, 148, 220, 224-225 Armstrong, Louis, 76 See Oceania Banneker, Benjamin, 76 library classification, 145 Armstrong, Neil A., 16, 18, 75, 76 Australia, 49, 51, 25, 47, 50, 140, Bannister, Sir Roger, 76 Bicycle, 83, 44 Armstrong, William H., 159 138, 48 Bannock tribe, 108 Big Bend National Park, 104 Arnold, Benedict, 76 Australian Desert, 49 Baptist, 90 Big Dipper, 13 Around the World in 80 Days, 160 Austria, 51, 82, 87, 136 Bar graph, 143 Big Snow, The, 158 Arrow to the Sun, 158 Authoritarianism, 121 Barbados, 52, 132, 134 Biggest Bear, The, 158 Arsenic, 32 Authors, 157, 159-160, 76-81, Barbed wire, 83 Bighorn sheep, 37 Art, 196, 108-109 146-148 Barbuda Bill of Rights, 112, 117, 120 library classification, 145 Autocracy, 121 See Antigua & Barbuda Bills (money), 208 Arteries, 39 Automobiles, 83, 31 Barents Sea, 47, 136, 137 Billy the Kid, 76 Arthropoda, 35 See also Ford, Henry; Car; Motor Barnum, P. T., 76 Bin Laden, Osama, 76 Arthur, Chester A., 128, 76 vehicle tunnels Barometer, 23, 83, 227 Biology, 34-40 Arthur, King, 76 Autumn, 7, 12, 24 Barrie, James M., 160 Birds, 35-36, 26, 125 Articles of Confederation, 120 Avi, 159 Barrow, Alaska, 100, 129, 130 endangered, 37 Artificial respiration, 210 Avocados, 42 Barton, Clara, 76 state birds, 92-100 Ascorbic acid, 42 Awards, 158, 159 Basic food groups, 41 Birdseye, Clarence, 83 Ashanti to Zulu, 158 See also Nobel peace prize Basketball, 83, 44 Birthstones, 10 Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan, 66, 137 Axis of earth, 9, 12, 140 Basketry, 108, 109 Biscayne National Park, 104 Asia, 48, 49, 37, 46-50, 68, 140, 228 Azarian, Mary, 158 Bass (fish), 35 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 59, 137 countries of, 51-68 Azerbaijan, 51, 68, 137 Bass, Sam, 76 Bismarck, North Dakota, 97, 130 map of, 137, 48 Azimuthal equidistant projection, Basseterre, St. Kitts & Nevis, 63 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau, 57, 135 See also Continents 141 Basutoland Bituminous, 30 Asmara, Eritrea, 55, 135 Azov, Sea of, 47, 137 See Lesotho Black and White, 158 Aspirin, 83 Aztec Empire, 73, 74 Bat, 26, 35 Black Canyon of the Gunnison Assali, Lake, 49, 135 See also Cortés, Hernando; Bathyscaph, 46 National Park, 104 Assassination Montezuma II Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 94, 131 Black Death, 73 of Martin Luther King, Jr., 6 Battery, electric, 83 Black Hawk, 76 of Abraham Lincoln Baboushka and the Three Kings, Battle Hymn of the Republic See also Sauk Indians See Booth, John Wilkes 158 See Howe, Julia Ward Black Hills, 107 Assembly, freedom of, 117 Babylonians, 17 Battle of Wounded Knee, 229 Black Holes, 13 (Amendment 1) Baca, Elfego, 76 Baumfree, Isabella Black Kettle, 76 Assiniboine tribe, 109 Bach, Johann Sebastian, 76 See Truth, Sojourner See also Cheyenne Indians Associated Press, 153 Bacon, 43 Bean, Judge Roy, 76 Black Sea, 47, 135-136 Astaire, Fred, 76 Bacteria, 37, 82, 214, 227 Beans, 41, 109, 229 Black, Shirley Temple Astana, Kazakhstan, 58, 137 Baden-Powell, Lord, 76 Bears, 35, 36, 106 See Temple, Shirley Asteroids, 14 Badlands National Park, 104 Beaver, 35 Black Stallion, The, 160 Astoria Bridge, 229 Baffin Island, 49, 129 Becquerel, A. E., 84 Blackbeard, 76 Astronauts, 18, 17 Baghdad, Iraq, 58, 135 Beef, 41, 42, 43 Blackfeet tribe, 109 Astronomy, 13-18, 230 Bahamas, 52, 129, 131 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 76 Blackstrap molasses, 43 Asunción, Paraguay, 62, 134 Bahrain, 52, 68, 135 Beetle, 26, 36 Blackwell, Antoinette Brown, 76 Aswan, Egypt, 88, 135 Baikal, Lake, 46, 137 Beijing, China, 54, 137 Blackwell, Elizabeth, 76 Atacama Desert, 49, 23, 134 Bailey, Carolyn, 159 Beirut, Lebanon, 59 Bleeding, 210 Atahualpa, 76 Baird, John, 85 Belarus, 52, 68, 136, 137 Blindness See also Inca Empire Baking soda, 33 Belgian Congo See Braille; Night blindness Athens, Greece, 56, 71, 136 Baksheesh, 148 See Zaire Bloemfontein, South Africa, 65 Atlanta, Georgia, 101, 93, 131 Baku, Azerbaijan, 51, 137 Belgium, 52, 68, 86, 136 Blood, 39, 40, 38, 42, 43, 82, 210 Atlantic Ocean, 46, 49, 109, 129-136, Balanced diet, 41-43 Belgrade, Serbia, 64, 136 Blood pressure, 44 48 Balboa, Vasco Núñez de, 76 Beliefs, 89-90 Bloodstone, 10 Atlantic salmon, 37 Bald eagle, 125 Belize, 52, 68, 129 Bloomer, Amelia, 76 Atlas, 142, 145, 224 See also Eagle Bell, Alexander Graham, 76, 85 Blos, Joan, 159 Atlas Mountains, 50, 135 Balkans, 68 Bella Coola tribe, 108 Blue Ridge Mountains, 107 Atlatl, 109 See also individual countries Belmopan, Belize, 52, 129 Blue whale, 36, 37, 227 Atmosphere, 20-23, 14, 24, 228 Balloon, hot air, 83 Bemelmans, Ludwig, 158 Bluford, Guion S., Jr., 76 moon, 16-17 Ball-point pen, 84 Benin, 52, 228, 135 Bly, Nellie, 76 Atmospheric pressure, 23, 24, 33, 46 Baltic Sea, 47, 136 Benz, Karl, 83 Body, 34 Atoms, 32-33, 14, 227 Baltic States, 68 Beothuk tribe, 108 body systems, 38-40 atomic bomb, 75 Baltimore, Maryland, 101, 131 Beriberi, 42 nutrition, 41-43 atomic clock, 227 Bamako, Mali, 60, 135 Bering Sea, 47, 129, 137 Body mass index, 55-56, 227 atomic theory, 82 Banda Islands Bering Strait, 129 Bogart, Humphrey, 76 See also Nuclear energy See Indonesia Berlin, Germany, 56, 136 Bogotá, Colombia, 54, 134 Attorney General, 127 Banda Sea, 47, 137, 138 Bern, Switzerland, 65, 136 Bohr, Niels, 32 Attucks, Crispus, 76 Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, 53 Bernhardt, Sarah, 76 Boiling point, 33, 205 Audubon, John James, 76 Bangkok, Thailand, 66, 137 Beta Centauri, 13 Boise, Idaho, 93, 130 Index 233

BOLIVAR CHICAGO Bolívar, Simón, 76 Bud, Not Buddy, 159 Canada, 53, 47, 48, 50, 129 Catholic Church, 73, 74, 90 Bolivia, 52, 134 Budapest, Hungary, 57, 136 natives, 108-109 See also Pope Gregory XIII Bologna, 43 Buddha, 76, 89 structures, 86 Cattle, 36, 41 Bombay, India Buddhism, 71, 76, 89 Canal zone, 100 Cavendish Laboratory, 32 See Mumbai Budding, Edwin, 84 See also Panama Canal Caves and caverns, 104-107, 69 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 76, 75 Buenos Aires, Argentina, 103, 51, 134 Canals, 86 Cayley, Sir George, 84 Bones, 38, 41-43, 69, 211 Buffalo, 109, 229 Canary, Martha Jane Cayman, 35 in animals, 35 Buffalo Bill Cody, 77 See Calamity Jane Cayuga tribe, 109 use by native tribes, 108-109 Buildings, 87, 88 Canberra, Australia, 51, 138 Celebrations, 6-8 Books, 142, 144-151, 155-160, 70, Bujumbura, Burundi, 53, 135 Cancer, 44 Cell, 34, 39, 40, 42, 43 225 Bulgaria, 53, 68, 164, 136 Cancer, Tropic of, 12, 24, 131-38 Cello, 195 Boone, Daniel, 76 Burbank, Luther, 77 Canned food, 83 Celsius, Anders, 85 Booth, John Wilkes, 76 Burger, Warren E., 127 Canoe, 108-109 Celsius scale (Centigrade), 205, 85 Borman, Frank, 18 Burkina Faso, 53, 135 Canopus, 13 Cenezoic Era, 26 Borneo, 47, 49, 137 Burma Canyonlands National Park, 104 Census, 230 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 52, 68, 228, See Myanmar Canyons, 104-107 See Population 136 Burnett, Frances Hodgson, 160 Cape Town, South Africa, 65, 135 Centigrade Bosporus bridges, 86 Burnford, Sheila, 160 Cape Verde, 53, 135 See Celsius scale Boston, Massachusetts, 101, 95, 131 Burns, 211 Capella, 13 Centipedes, 26 Boston Massacre, 143 (time line) Burns, Robert, 77 Capillaries, 39 Central African Republic, 53, 135 Boston Tea Party, 143 (time line) Burr, Aaron, 77 Capitalism, 121 Central America, 68, 47 Botswana, 52-53, 135 Burroughs, William, 83 Capitalization, 168-169 See also individual countries Boy Scouts Burton, Virginia Lee, 158 first use of lower-case letters, 162 Central Plaza, 88 See Baden-Powell, Lord Burundi, 53, 135 Capitals Century, 2, 10, 72 Boys Town Hot Line, 155 Bush, George H. W., 128, 77 of countries, 51-68, 228 Cereal, 83, 41, 42, 43 Brachiopods, 26 Bush, George W., 128, 77 of states, 92-100, 229 Ceres, 14 Brahman, 89 Bush, Vannevar, 83 See also Washington, D.C. Ceylon Brahms, Johannes, 76 Bushel measurement, 204 Capitol Building, 126 See Sri Lanka Braille, 163, 76, 83 Business letter, 189, 191 Capitol Reef National Park, 104 Chad, 53-54, 135 Brain, 40, 34 Butter, 41, 43, 44 Capone, Al, 77 Chad, Lake, 46 Brake, air, 83 Byars, Betsy, 159 Capricorn, Tropic of, 12, 24 Chadwick, Sir James, 82 Bran, 42, 43 Byrd, Richard E., 77 Car, 69, 31 Chaffee, Roger B., 18 Branches of government, 126-127 See also Automobiles Chain saw, 31 Brando, Marlon, 76 Cabinet of U.S., 127 Caracas, Venezuela, 67, 134 Chalk, 30, 26 Brant, Joseph, 76 Cabot, John, 77 Carbohydrates, 41 Challenger space shuttle, 18 Brasília, Brazil, 53, 134 Cactus, 109, 92 Carbon, 32 Champlain, Samuel de, 77 Brass, 33 Caddie Woodlawn, 159 Carbon dioxide, 33, 34, 39 Chang Heng, 85 Bratislava, Slovakia, 64, 136 Caddo tribe, 109 Carboniferous Period, 26 Channel Islands Natl. Park, 104 Bratsk Dam, Russia, 88 Cadmium, 32 Caribbean Sea, 47, 23, 129, 134 Channel Tunnel, 87 Brazil, 53, 103, 143 (table), 134, 229 Caecilians, 35 countries of, 51-68 Chanticleer and the Fox, 158 Brazzaville, Congo, 54, 135 Caesar, Augustus, 71, 77, 11 Caribou, 108 Chaplin, Charlie, 77 Bread, 41, 42 Caesar, Julius, 71, 77, 10, 11 Carlsbad Caverns Natl. Park, 104 Chapman, John Breathing, 39, 210 Cairo, Egypt, 55, 135 Carlson, Chester, 85 See Appleseed, Johnny Brezhnev, Leonid, 76 Calamity Jane, 77 Carnation, 10, 97 Charlemagne, 77, 72 Bridalveil Falls, 47 Calcium, 32, 33, 43 Carnegie, Andrew, 77 Charles, Prince, 77 Bridge to Terabithia, 159 Caldecott books, 158 Carnivores, 35, 37, 26 Charleston, West Virginia, 99, 131 Bridger, Jim, 76 Caldecott, Randolph, 158 Carothers, Wallace H., 84 Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, 160 Bridges, 86, 87, 229 Calendar, 4-5, 10-11, 2, 70, 72, 227, Carroll, Lewis, 160 Charlotte, N. Carolina, 101, 131 Bridgetown, Barbados, 52 230 Carrots, 42, 44 Charlotte’s Web, 160 Brink, Carol Ryrie, 159 Calendula, 10 Carry On, Mr. Bowditch, 159 Chase, Salmon P., 127, 208 Bristlecone pine, 36, 105, 96 California, 92, 100, 23, 28, 29, 47, 75, Carson City, Nevada, 96, 130 Chavez, Cesar Estrada, 77 British, 122, 143 88, 126, 130 Carson, Kit, 77 Cheese, 41, 42, 43 See United Kingdom; England cities, 101-103 Carter, James E., Jr., 128, 77 Cheetah, 36, 37, 227 Broken bones, 210, 211 National Parks, 104-107 Cartilage, 35 Chemicals and chemical energy, Bromine, 32 natives, 108 Cartoons, 125, 143, 153 31-33, 34 Bronze, 33 structures, 86-88 Cartwright, Edmund, 84 body chemistry, 42-44 Bronze Bow, The, 159 presidents from, 128 Carver, George Washington, 77 See also Dyes, chemical Brooklyn Bridge, 86 California condor, 37 Cascade Tunnel, 87 Cheney, Richard, 77 Brown, John, 76 Call It Courage, 159 Cascades Mountains, 50 Cherokee tribe, 109 Brown, Marcia, 158 Call of the Wild, 160 Cash register, 83 See also Sequoyah; Watie, Stand; Brown pelican, 37, 94 Callisto, 17 Caspian Sea, 46, 49, 135, 137 Tennessee Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 76 Calorie, 41, 44, 227, 230 Castries, St. Lucia, 63 Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, 86 Brunei, 53, 68, 137, 133 Calvin, John, 77 Castro, Fidel, 77 Chesapeake Bay, 124 Brussels, Belgium, 52, 136 Cambodia, 53, 68, 137 Castro, Raul Hector, 77 Chewing gum, 84 Bryan, William Jennings, 76 alphabet, 164 Cat, 36, 31, 26 Cheyenne tribe, 109 Bryce Canyon Natl. Park, 104 Cambrian Period, 26 Cat Who Went to Heaven, 159 See also Black Kettle Bubonic plague, 72, 73 Camel, 26 Catfish, 35 Cheyenne, Wyoming, 130 Buchanan, James, 128, 76 Camera, 83 Cathedrals, 90 Chiang Kai-shek, 77 Bucharest, Romania, 63, 136 television camera, 85 Catherine the Great, 77 Chicago, Illinois, 101, 88, 131 Buchla, Donald, 85 Cameroon, 53, 135 Chicago Sanitary & Ship Canal, 86 234 Index

CHICKASAW CURSIVE Chickasaw tribe, 109 Civil War, American, 75, 69 Common Market (European), 68 Cortina, Juan Nepomuceno, 77 Chicken, 35, 36, 41, 43, 93 Confederate States, 100 Commonwealth of Independent Cosby, Bill, 77 Child Find of America, 155 holidays, 6, 7 States, 68 Cosmonauts, 18 Children’s Crusade, 73 leaders, 76-81 Communism, 121, 75, 89 Costa Rica, 54, 68, 134 Chile, 54, 23, 29,134 Gettysburg Address, 123 Comoros, 54, 135 Côte d’Ivoire, 54, 135, 228 Chimaeras, 35 See also Davis, Jefferson; Grant, Compass, 2, 83, 70 Cotonou, Benin, 228 Chimpanzee, 37 Ulysses S.; Jackson, Stonewall; Compass rose, 141 Cotopaxi, 28, 50 China, 54, 68, 47, 48, 86, 88, 103, 143 Lee, Robert E. Compounds, 33 Cottage cheese, 41, 43 (table), 137, 229 Civilization, history of, 70-75 Computer, 82, 83, 152 Cotton, 109 religions, 89-90 Clams, 26, 142 in libraries, 144, 149, 154 Cotton gin, 83 inventions, 83-85 Clarinet, 195 keyboard, 164 See also Whitney, Eli history, 70-73 Clark, Ann Nolan, 159 Conakry, Guinea, 57, 135 Countries, 51-68, 143 (table), 228 See also Chinese calendar; Chinese Clark, William, 77 Concord, New Hampshire, 96, 131 structures, 86-88 language See also Lewis & Clark Condensing, 33 maps of, 129-138 China, Republic of Classic books, 157-160 Condor, 37 Court, 127 See Taiwan Classified ads, 153 Confederate States, 100 Courtesy, 212-215, 216 China Seas, 47, 137 Clay, Cassius See also Davis, Jefferson Cousteau, Jacques-Yves, 77, 85 Chinese calendar, 11 See Ali, Muhammad Confederation, Articles of, 120 Cow, 35, 36 Chinese language, 162 Clay, Henry, 77 Confucianism, 89-90, 71 Crab, 35 Chinese New Year, 11 Cleary, Beverly, 159 Confucius, 77, 71, 89 Crane, Clarence, 84 Chinook tribe, 108 Cleaver, Vera & Bill, 160 Congaree National Park, 104 Crater, 14, 16 See also Washington (state) Clemens, Samuel L. (Mark Twain), 77 Conglomerate rock, 30 volcanic, 27 Chippewa tribe, 109 Cleopatra, 71, 77 Congo, 54, 135 Crater Lake National Park, 105 Chisinau, Moldova, 61, 136 Cleveland, Ohio, 101, 105, 131, 141 Congo, Democratic Republic of, 54, Crazy Horse, 77 Chlorine, 32 Cleveland, Grover, 128, 208, 77 135, 228 See also Sioux Indians Chlorophyll, 34 Climate, 24 Congo River, 48, 147, 135 Creation, 2, 11, 89 Choctaw tribe, 109 See also Weather Congregationalist Church, 90 Creative thinking, 40 See also Alabama; Oklahoma Clinton, William J., 128, 77 Congress, 126, 104, 125, 144 See also Writing; Music; Art Cholesterol, 43 Clock, 2, 3, 7, 8, 83 in Constitution, 112-120, especially Cree tribe, 108 Chopin, Frédéric, 77 Clothing of native tribes, 108-109 112-114 (Article 1), 116, 118-119 Creech, Sharon, 159 Chord, 194 Clouds, 20-22 (Amendments 14 & 17) Creek tribe, 109 Chordophone, 195 Coal, 30, 31, 26 Second Continental Congress, 110 Crescent and Star, 90 Chrisman, Arthur, 159 Coatsworth, Elizabeth, 159 Conifer, 26 Crescent moon, 16 Christ, 7, 8, 11, 69, 72, 90 Cochise, 77 Conjunctions, 182, 150 Cretaceous Period, 26 Christian Science See also Apache Indians Connecticut, 93, 74, 100, 111, 116, Crime Tips Hot Line, 155 See Eddy, Mary Baker Cockroach, 26 128, 131, 142 Crinoids, 26 Christianity, 90, 6-8, 72-74 Cocoa powder, 43 Consonants, 162, 164 Crippen, Robert L., 18 See also Gregorian calendar Cody, William Frederick, 77 Constantine, 72 Crispin: The Cross of Lead, 159 Christmas, 8 Coelacanth, 26 Constellations, 13 Criss Cross, 159 Chromium, 32, 227 Coelenterata, 35 Constitution, U.S., 112-120, 75 Cristofori, Bartolommeo, 84 Chromosomes, 34 Coffee, 43 Constitutional convention, 120 Croatia, 54, 68, 228, 136 Chronicles of Narnia, 157 Coins, 208 Continental Plates Crockett, David, 77 Chrysanthemum, 10 Cold blooded, 35 See Tectonic Plates Crocodile, 35, 36, 37, 26 Chuang Tzu, 90 Cold front, 22 Continents, 49, 48 Crompton, Samuel, 85 Church, 90 Collins, Michael, 18 countries of, 51-68 Cross (Christian), 90, 7 holidays, 6-8 Collodi, Carlo, 160 Contractions, 166, 180 Cross-references, 148, 149 Churchill, Sir Winston, 77 Colombia, 54, 134 Conversations, 212-213 Crow, 35 Cicadas, 26 Colombo, Sri Lanka, 65, 137 punctuating dialog, 167 Crow tribe, 109 Cincinnati, Ohio, 131, 141 Colonies, American, 10, 74, 124, 110 Conversion, 230 Crum, George, 84 Cinderella, or the Little Glass Colorado, 92-93, 100, 101, 109, 130 fraction-decimal, 203 Crusades, 73 Slipper, 158 National Parks, 104-107 measurement units, 204-205 Crust of earth, 25, 27 Circle, 207, 2, 229 Colorado River, 48, 105, 129 Cook, James, 77 Crustacae (crustaceans), 35, 26 Circle graph, 143 Colorado Springs, Colorado, 101, Cooking, 33 Crystals, 30 Circulatory System, 39 130 Coolidge, Calvin, 128, 77, 122 Cuba, 54, 129 See also Shock Colors, 196 Cooney, Barbara, 158 See also Castro, Fidel Circus holidays, 6-8 Cooper, Susan, 159 Cubic measure See Barnum, P. T. on flag, 124 Copenhagen, Denmark, 55, 136 See Volume Cirrostratus clouds, 20 on maps, 141, 142 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 77, 74, 82, 17 Culture Cirrus clouds, 20 use in organizing notes, 220 Copper, 32, 33, 30 of native Americans, 108-109 CITIC Plaza, 88 Colosseum, Roman, 72 use by native tribes, 108 religion, 89-90 Cities, 101-103, 142, 229 Colt, Samuel, 84 Copyright, 146, 220, 224 Cumulonimbus, 20, 22 capitals of countries, 51-68, 228 Columbia, South Carolina, 98, 131 Coral, 26, 35, 104 Cumulus clouds, 20 capitals of states, 92-100, 229 Columbia space shuttle, 18 Core of earth, 25 Cuquenán Falls, 47 skyscrapers, 88 Columbus, Ohio, 97, 101, 131, 141 Corn, 109, 229, 41 Curie, Marie, 77 Citrus fruits, 42 Columbus, Christopher, 73, 77, 69, 8 See also Paricutin Curie, Pierre, 77 Civil Rights Columbus Day, 6, 8 Corn Flakes Cereal, 83 Currencies, 51-68, 228 See King, Martin Luther, Jr.; Bill of Comanche tribe, 109 Cornucopia, 8 exchange rates in newspaper, 153 Rights Comets, 14-15 Cornwallis, Charles, 77 See also Money Commerce, Secretary of, 127 Cortés, Hernando, 77, 74 Cursive writing, 162 Index 235

CURTIS EINSTEIN Curtis, Christopher Paul, 159 Death Valley, 23, 49, 105, 129 DiCamillo, Kate, 159 Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 66, 137 Cushman, Karen, 159 Decade, 2 Dicey’s Song, 159 Dutch Custer, George Armstrong, 77, 75 Decay, 37 Dickens, Charles, 77 See Netherlands Custer’s Last Stand, 75 Decibel, 31, 36, 227 Dickinson, Emily, 77 Dutch East Indies Customs Decimal fractions, 203 Dictatorship, 121 See Indonesia of native Americans, 108-109 Declaration of Independence, 110- Dictionary, 150, 75, 145, 221, 173 Dutch Guiana religion, 89-90 111, 7, 122, 124, 143 (time line) See also Johnson, Samuel; Webster, See Suriname Cuyahoga River, 105 See also Jefferson, Thomas Noah Duvoisin, Roger, 158 Cuyahoga Valley Natl. Park, 105 Decomposers, 37 Diesel, Rudolf, 77, 83 Dwarf planet, 227 Cycles, 2 Decoration Day Diet, 41-43 See Pluto, Ceres water cycle, 21 See Memorial Day of native Americans, 108-109 Dworshak Dam, 88 year cycles in calendars, 11, 227 Deer, 36, 41, 109, 229 Digestive System, 40, 38, 42 Dyes, chemical, 83 cycle of seasons, 12 Defense, Secretary of, 127 Dili, East Timor, 55, 138 Dynamite, 83, 31 moon’s cycle, 16 Deficiency symptoms and diseases, Dillinger, John, 77 energy cycles, 31 42-43, 230 Dillon, Leo & Diane, 158 e=mc2, 82 of holidays in Islamic calendar, 227 Definitions, 148 Dinosaurs, 26, 37 E pluribus unum, 125 Cyclones, 22 homophones, 170-172 Disasters Eagle, 35, 125, 208 Cymbals, 195 of parts of speech, 179-182 weather, 22 Earhart, Amelia, 77 Cyprus, 54-55, 68, 135 Defoe, Daniel, 160 earthquake & volcano, 28-29 Earmuffs, 83 Cyrillic Alphabet, 164 De Gaulle, Charles, 77 Discovery, 82 Earnings Cytoplasm, 34 Degrees (°) of America, 72, 8 per capita GNP–countries, 51-68 Czech Republic, 55, 136, 228 circle, 2, 207 See also Exploration per capita income–states, 92-100 Czechoslovakia, 228 latitude/longitude, 140 Discovery space shuttle, 18 Earp, Wyatt, 77 See Czech Republic, Slovakia thermometer, 205 Discussion, 216 Ears, 31 angles, 206, 207 Disney, Walt, 77 See also Hearing d’Abbans, Claude de Jouffroy, 85 protractor, 207 Distances, 204-205 Earth, 9, 14-15, 74, 82, 227 Daguerre, Louis, 84 DeJong, Meindert, 159 earth’s orbit, 12 escape velocity, 17 Daguerrotype, 84 Delaware, 93, 100, 74, 86, 111, 116, in universe, 13, 227 tides and eclipses, 16-17 Dahl, Roald, 160 131 in solar system, 14-15 atmosphere and climate, 20-24 Daimler, Gottieb, 84 Delaware tribe, 109, 100 to moon, 16 geology, 25-30, 230 Dairy products, 42, 142 Delhi, India, 103, 139 on map, 141 maps of, 129-138, 140-142 See also Milk; Cheese Della (waterfall), 47 sound of whale, 36 See also World; Globe Daisy, 10 Democracy, 121 District of Columbia, 100, 103 Earthquakes, 25, 29, 227, 230 Dakar, Senegal, 64, 135 Democratic Party, 125 See also Washington, D.C. East China Sea, 47, 137 Dali, Salvador, 77 Democritus, 32 Division, 201 East Timor, 55, 138 Dallas, Texas, 101, 130 Demosthenes, 77 Dix, Dorothea, 77 Easter bunny, 7 Dalton, John, 82 Denali National Park, 105 Djibouti, 55, 135 Easter Sunday, 7 Damascus, Syria, 65, 135 Denali Peak DNA, 34 Eastern hemisphere, 140 Damian, Cyrillys, 83 See Mount McKinley Dobry, 159 Eastman, George, 77, 83 Dams, 88, 31 Denim jeans, 83 Dodge, Mary Elizabeth Mapes, 160 Eating Daniel Boone, 159 Denmark, 55, 68, 82, 86, 136, 129 Dodoma, Tanzania, 66, 228 manners, 214-215 Danube River, 48, 136 See also Greenland; Andersen, Hans Dog, 11, 35, 36, 26 See also Nutrition Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 228, 135 Christian use by native Americans, 108, 109 Echinodermata, 35 Dark Frigate, 159 Densities of population Doha, Qatar, 63, 135 Eckert, J. Presper, 83 Darwin, Charles, 77 of countries, 51-68, 228 Doldrums, 24 Eclipses, 17 Date line, 3, 140 of states, 92-100, 229 Dominica, 55, 23, 132 Ecology, 37 Daugherty, James, 159 of continents, 49 Dominican Republic, 55 Ecuador, 55, 28, 134 d’Aulaire, Ingri & Edgar, 158 of world, 228 Donkey (symbol), 125 Eddy, Mary Baker, 77 Da Vinci, Leonardo, 77 Denver, Colorado, 101, 92, 130 Door in the Wall, 159 Edison, Thomas A., 77, 84 Davis, Jefferson, 77 Depression, Great, 75, 122 Dorion, Marie, 77 Editing, 188, 184, 225 Daylight Saving, 3, 7, 8 Depth, 46, 228 See also Iowa Indians punctuation, 166-167 Days, 2, 3, 9, 10, 199, 227 Derosne, François, 84 Douglas, Stephen A., 77 capitalization, 168-169 holidays, 6-8 Des Moines, Iowa, 94, 131 Douglass, Frederick, 77 spelling, 170-175 days per month, 10 Deserts, 49, 23, 24, 105 Dover, Delaware, 93, 131 Editor, 146, 153 of planets, 15 Design, elements of, 196 Dragon, 11 Edmonds, Walter D., 159 of worship, 89-90 de Sivrac, Comte Mede, 83 Dragonfly, 26 Education, Secretary of, 127 See also Calendar De Soto, Hernando, 77 Drake, Sir Francis, 77 Egg Tree, 158 Dead Sea, 47, 49 de Trevino, Elizabeth Borton, 159 Drama, 218 Eggs, 41, 42, 44 Deafness Detroit, Michigan, 101, 131 Drinking straws animals which have, 35 sign language, 163 Devonian Period, 26 See Straws, drinking largest, 36 de Angeli, Marguerite, 159 Dewey Decimal System, 145 Drowning, 211 Easter eggs, 7 Dear Mr. Henshaw, 159 Dhaka, Bangladesh, 52, 103 137 Drummer Hoff, 158 Egielski, Richard, 158 Death Diabetes, 44 Drums, 195 Egypt, 55, 68, 70-71, 135 of Christ, 7, 90 Diagram, 143 Dry Tortugas Natl. Park, 105 structures, 86, 88 leading causes of in U.S., 44, 228 Diameter, 207, 13, 14, 15, 16 Dublin, Ireland, 58, 136 numbers, 198 death toll in earthquakes, 29 of hurricanes, 22 du Bois, William Péne, 159 See also Egypt, Ancient life expectancies, 51-68 of atoms (relative), 32 Duck, 35, 36 Egypt, Ancient, 70-71, 69, 162, 17 dates of, 76-81, 128 Diamond, 10, 30 Due process of law, 117 (Amendment See also Cleopatra; Ptolemy; religion, 89-90 Diatoms, 36 5) Ramses II; Tutankhamen Death of (King) Arthur, 160 Diaz, David, 158 Duffy and the Devil, 158 Einstein, Albert, 77, 82 236 Index

EIRE FRENCH Eire Epicenter, 29 Factors chart, 202 Folklore See Ireland Episcopal Church, 90 Fahrenheit, Gabriel D., 78, 85 Ground Hog Day, 6 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 128, 78 Equator, 9, 12, 24, 140, 229 See also Fahrenheit scale folk literature, 156 El Paso, Texas, 101, 130 Equatorial Guinea, 55, 135 Fahrenheit scale, 205, 85 Food, 41-44, 31, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 83 El Salvador, 55, 68, 129 Equinox, 12 Fairy Tales, 160 of native American tribes, 108-109, Election Day, 8 See Spring, Autumn (first day of) Fairy Tales, 156 229 Electric generator, 84 Equivalents, 202, 204, 205 See Andersen, Hans Christian; holiday, 7, 8 Electric lights, 84, 69 Eras Grimm’s Fairy Tales cooking at high altitudes, 33 Electric motor, 84 geologic, 26 Fall (season) products of Connecticut, 142 Electric shock, 211 of history, 70-75, 228 See Autumn Food pyramid (food chain), 37 Electricity & electric energy, 31, 227 Ericson, Leif, 72, 78 Falling bodies, law of, 82 Fool of the World and the Flying See also Faraday, Michael; Lightning Ericsson, John, 84 Falling stars, 14 Ship, 158 Electromagnet, 83 Erie Canal, 86 Family Circle, 154 Forbes, Esther, 159 Electromagnetic induction, 82 Erie, Lake, 46, 131 Famine, 75 Ford, Gerald R., 128, 78 Electronic encyclopedia, 149 Eris, 227 Famous people, 76-81, 82-85, 122- Ford, Henry, 78 Electrons, 32, 82, 227 Eritrea, 55-56, 135, 228 123, 128 Foreign languages, 9, 162, 164 Electrophones, 195 Erosion, 25, 29, 17 Far East, 68, 122 languages of countries, 51-68 Elements, chemical, 32-33, 227 in National Parks, 104-107 See also individual countries; Polo, Forests, 26 Elephant, 36, 37, 40, 125 Eruption, volcanic, 27, 28 Marco in National Parks, 104-107 Elevation Escape velocity, 17 Faraday, Michael, 78, 82 Formosa highest/lowest of continents, 49 Eskimos, 108 Farley, Walter, 160 See Taiwan highest/lowest of states, 92-100 Esophagus, 40 Farnsworth, Philo, 85 Formula highest/lowest of U.S., 229 Estes, Eleanor, 159 Father’s Day, 7 photosynthesis, 34 of cities, 101-103 Estimation Fats, 41 mathematical, 204-205, 207 of mountains, 28, 50 distance from lightning, 22 Faulting (geology), 28, 29 Fort Jefferson, 105 shown on maps, 142 Fahrenheit/Celsius, 205 FBI, 165 Fort Peck Dam, 88 Elevator, 83 Estonia, 56, 68, 136 See Hoover, J. Edgar Fort Worth, Texas, 101, 130 Elk, 105, 108, 229 Ethiopia, 56, 149, 135, 228 Feathers, 35, 109 Forten, James, 78 Elkhorn Ranch, 107 See also Haile Selassie I Fermi, Enrico, 78, 84 Fossil fuels, 30 Ellesmere Island, 49, 129 Etiquette, 212-215 Ferns, 26 Fossils, 25, 26, 30 Ellington, Duke, 78 Etna, Mount, 28 Ferris, George W. G., Jr., 83 in National Parks, 104, 105 Emberley, Ed, 158 Ets, Marie Hall, 158 Ferris wheel, 83 Foster, Stephen, 78 Embroidery, 108 Etymology, 150 Fertilization of soil, 37 Foucault, Jean, 84 Emerald, 10, 30 Euphrates River, 48 Fiction, 145, 156-160 Founding fathers Emergency, 155, 210-211 Eurasia, 25 Field, Rachel, 159 See Declaration of Independence; Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 78 See Europe; Asia Fields, W. C., 78 Constitution, U.S. Emirates Office Tower, 88 Europa, 17 Fifth Amendment, 117 (Amend. 5) Four Books, 89 Emperors, 121 Europe, 47-50, 68, 90, 140, 18, 164 Fiji, 56, 68, 138 Fourth of July, 124, 110 See Caesar, Julius; Caesar, countries of, 51-68 Fillmore, Millard, 128, 78 See also Independence Day Augustus history, 71-75 Finders Keepers, 158 Fowl, 11, 35 Empire State Building, 88 map of, 136, 48 Finger, Charles, 159 See also Chicken; Turkey; Duck; Empires, Ancient European Community, 68 Fink, Mike, 78 Goose See Roman Empire; Greece, Ancient; European Union, 230 Finland, 56, 136 Fox, 36 Inca Empire; Aztec Empire Evaporation, 20, 21, 33 Fire, 18 Fox, Paula, 159 Ena Tunnel, 87 Everglades National Park, 105 Fireworks, 7, 31 Fractions, 202-203, 141 Encyclopedia, 149, 145, 224, 225 Evolution First Aid, 210-211 in music, 195 Endangered species, 37 See Darwin, Charles First Amendment, 117 (Amend. 1) France, 56, 47, 48, 68, 124, 82-85, Energy, 31 Executive branch of government, Fish, 35, 36, 26, 41, 42, 46, 108 87, 136 of quasar, 13 127 Five Classics, 89 history of, 74-75 of sun, 14 in Constitution, 112-120, Flag Day, 7 See also French language; French fossil fuels, 30 especially 114-115 (Article 2), Flag, U.S., 124, 7 Revolution; Napoleon Bonaparte in food, 41, 44 117-118 (Amendment 12), 119 See also Ross, Betsy Franco, Francisco, 78 e=mc2, 82 (Amendments 20, 22), 120 Fleischman, Paul, 159 Frank, Anne, 78, 160 consumed in U.S., 92-99, 229 (Amendment 25) Fleischman, Sid, 159 Frankfort, Kentucky, 94, 131 Energy, Secretary of, 127 Exercise, 41, 44 Fleming, Sir Alexander, 82 Franklin, Benjamin, 78, 83, 84, 111, Engine, 83 Exploration, 72-75 Florida, 93, 100, 102, 18, 74, 131 116, 122, 151, 208 See also Jet engine explorers, 76-81 National Parks, 104, 105 Free enterprise system, 121 England, 48, 68, 74, 75, 122, 140, Explorer I satellite, 18 See also Ponce de León, Juan Freedman, Russell, 159 173, 32, 10 Explosives, invention of Florida panther, 37 Freetown, Sierra Leone, 64, 135 inventors, 82-85 See Dynamite; Gunpowder Flowers, 34, 10, 26 Freezing, 33, 21, 205 structures, 86, 87 Extinct, 37, 25 of holidays, 6-8 Fréjus Tunnel, 87 See also United Kingdom, Great Eyeglasses, 70, 83 state flowers, 92-100 French language, 9 Britain, British Eyes, 42 Fluorine, 32 origins of state names, 93-100 English language, 162-182, 150, 9 Eyre, Lake, 49, 138 Flute, 195 French Revolution, 75 English measurement, 204-205 Flying shuttle French Somaliland Enright, Elizabeth, 159 Fables, 156 See Shuttle, flying See Djibouti Envelope, how to address, 191 See also Aesop Folding of earth, 28, 29, 30 French Sudan Environment, 37 Fables (book), 158 Folgefonn Tunnel, 87 See Mali See also National Parks Facsism, 121 Folic acid, 42 French Territory of the Afars & Issas Eocene Epoch, 26 See also Mussolini, Benito See Djibouti Index 237

FRESNO HANDFORTH Fresno, California, 101, 130 Genes, 34 Goodyear, Charles, 85 Gregorian Calendar, 10-11, 70 Freud, Sigmund, 78 Genghis Khan, 73, 78 Googol, 199 See also Pope Gregory XIII Friedan, Betty, 78 Geography, 46-68 G.O.P., 125 Grenada, 57, 132, 134 Friendly letter, 189-190 library classification, 145 Gorbachev, Mikhail S., 78 Grey King, 159 Frigg, 9 Geology, 25-30, 230 Gorilla, 37 Grimm’s Fairy Tales, 160 Frisbee, 83 in National Parks, 104-107 Government, forms of, 121 Grissom, Virgil I., 18 Froehlich, John, 85 Geometry, 206-207, 198 See also Confucianism Gros Ventre tribe, 109 Frog, 35, 26 George, David Lloyd Government, U.S., 126-127, 121 Gross domestic product (GDP), 228 Frog Went A-Courtin’, 158 See Lloyd George, David Declaration of Independence, 110- Ground Hog Day, 6 From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. George, Jean Craighead, 159, 160 111 Groundwater, 21 Basil E. Frankweiler, 159 George Washington Bridge, 86 Constitution, 112-120 Group names of animals, 36 Frost, Robert, 78 Georgetown, Guyana, 57, 134 listings in phone book, 155 Growth, 41-43 Fruit, 41, 42, 43, 108, 109 Georgia (state), 93, 100, 101, 74, 111, See also Election Day Guadalupe Mountains National Fuel, 30 116, 128, 131 Goya, Francisco, 78 Park, 105 Fuji, Mount (Fujiyama), 28 Georgia, Republic of, 56, 68, 88, 137 Grahame, Kenneth, 160 Guadeloupe, 23 Fulton, Robert, 78, 82 Gerhardt, Charles, 83 Gram, 204-205 Guam, 100 Fungi, 227 German language, 9 Grammar, 179-182 Guatemala, 57, 68, 129 Funny Little Woman, 158 Germany, 56, 69, 82-85,122, 136, 228 Gran Sasso Tunnel, 87 Guatemala City, Guatemala, 57, 129 Fusion, 14 Geronimo, 78 Grand Canal, 86 Gudvanga Tunnel, 87 See also Nuclear energy See also Apache Indians Grand Canyon, 29, 48, 105 Guiana, British Gerstein, Mordicai, 158 Grand Canyon National Park, 105 See Guyana Gabon, 56, 135 Gestation periods of animals, 36 Grand Coulee Dam, 88 Guiana, Dutch Gaborone, Botswana, 52, 135 Gettysburg Address, 123 Grand Dixence Dam, 88 See Suriname Gagarin, Yuri A., 18, 78 Geysers, 107 Grandfather’s Journey, 158 Guide words, 149, 150 Gagnan, Émile, 85 Ghana, 56, 135 Grand Teton National Park, 105 Guinea, 57, 135 Galarza, Ernesto, 78 Giant panda, 37 Granite, 30 Guinea, Portuguese Galaxy, 13, 227 Gilbert Islands Grant, Ulysses S., 128, 78, 208 See Guinea-Bissau Galileo, 78, 82, 17 See Kiribati Grape Nuts cereal, 83 Guinea, Spanish Gall, 78 Ginger Pye, 159 Graphic aids, 143 See Equatorial Guinea See also Sioux Indians Giraffe, 36 Graphite, 30 Guinea-Bissau, 57, 135 Gall bladder, 40 Girl Scouts Graphs, 143 Guitar, 195 Gambia, 56, 135 See Low, Juliette Gordon Graptolites, 26 Gulf of Mexico, 129 Gamio, Manuel, 78 Girl Who Loved Wild Horses, 158 Gravity, 13, 82 Gull, 35 Gammell, Stephen, 158 Giver, The, 159 effect on tides, 16 Gum, chewing, 84 Gandhi, Indira, 78 Giza, Pyramids of, 70 escape from, 17 Gunnison River, 104 Gandhi, Mohandas, 78 Glacier, 29 See also Newton, Sir Isaac Gunpowder, 70 Ganges River, 48, 137 in National Parks, 105-107 Gray, Elizabeth Janet, 159 Guns Ganymede, 17 See also Ice ages Great Basin, 108 effect on hearing, 227 Garfield, James A., 128, 78 Glacier Bay National Park, 105 Great Basin National Park, 105 See also Machine gun; Revolver Garnet, 10 Glacier National Park, 105 Great Bear Lake, 46, 129 Guru, 89 Garrison Dam, 88 Gladiolus, 10 Great Britain (island), 49, 47, 48, Gutenberg, Johannes, 73, 78, 82, 84 Gas, 33, 20, 227 Glen Canyon Dam, 88 68, 110 Guthrie, Woody, 78 in space, 13, 14, 15 Glenn, John, Jr., 18, 78 See also United Kingdom; England Guyana, 57, 47, 134 in volcano, 27 Glidden, Joseph, 83 Great Depression, 75, 122 Gyroscope, 84 See also Gas, natural; Gasoline Glider, 84 Great Lakes, 48, 109, 222 Gas, Natural, 30, 31 Globe, 140 on map, 129, 131 Habitat, 37 Gasoline, 31 Glorious Flight, 158 See Lakes Superior, Michigan, Hader, Berta & Elmer, 158 See also Engine Glossary in book, 148 Huron, Erie, Ontario Hagfish, 35 Gastropods, 26 Goat, 36 Great Salt Lake, 46, 129, 130 Hague, The, Netherlands, 228 Gates of the Arctic National Park, Gobi Desert, 49, 137 Great Sand Dunes National Park, Haida tribe, 108 105 Goble, Paul, 158 105 Hail, 21, 23 Gathering of Days: A New England Goddard, Robert, 78, 85 Great Seal of the U.S., 125 Haile Selassie I, 78 Girl’s Journal, 159 God, 168 Great Slave Lake, 46, 129 Hair, 35 Gatling, Richard Jordan, 84 Gods and goddesses Great Smoky Mountains National Haiti, 57, 129 Gauguin, Paul, 78 See Religion; Roman gods; Norse Park, 105 Hajj, 90, 8, 148 Gaulle, Charles de gods Great Wall of China, 71 Hale, Nathan, 122, 78 See De Gaulle, Charles Godwin Austen (K-2), 50 Greaves, Captain, 78 Haleakala National Park, 106, 229 Gautama, Siddhartha, 78, 89 Goiter, 43 Greco, El, 78 Haley, Gail E., 158 Gavarnie Falls, 47 Gold, 30, 32, 33, 153 Greece, 56, 47, 68, 136 Hall, Charles M., 83 Gay Nineties, 75 Gold Coast See also Greece, Ancient; Greek Halley, Edmond, 78 Gay-Neck, the Story of a Pigeon, See Ghana language See also Halley’s Comet 159 Gold rush, 75, 48, 50 Greece, Ancient, 32, 71, 17 Halley’s Comet, 15 Geese, 35, 36 Golden Gate Bridge, 86, 87 Greek language, 162 See also Halley, Edmond Gehrig, Lou, 78 Goldman, Sylvan N., 85 alphabet, 164 Halloween, 8 Geiger counter, 84 Golem, 158 word roots, prefixes, suffixes, 176- Hamilton, Alexander, 78, 116, 208 Geiger, Hans, 84 Goliath beetle, 36 178 Hamilton, Virginia, 159 Gemstones, 10, 30 Gong, 195 Greeley, Horace, 122, 78 Hancock, John, 111, 78 General Sherman tree, 36 Gonzales, Rodolfo (Corky), 78 Greenland, 49, 108, 129 Hancock, Thomas, 85 Generation (time), 69 Good Friday, 7 Greenwich, England, 140, 3 Handel, George Frideric, 78 Generator, electric, 84 Good Housekeeping, 154 Greenwood, Chester, 83 Handforth, Thomas, 158 238 Index

HANDWRITING ISRAEL Handwriting examples, 162 Hesse, Karen, 159 Housing and Urban Development, Index, cont. Handy, W. C., 78 Hey, Al, 158 Secretary of, 127 book, 148 Hannibal, 78 Hickok, Wild Bill, 78 Houston, Samuel, 79 periodicals, 145, 152, 154, 224 Hanoi, Vietnam, 67, 137 Hieroglyphics, 162 Houston, Texas, 101, 130 encyclopedia, 149 Hans Brinker, or, The Silver Skates, High Aswan Dam, 88 Howe, Elias, 79, 85, 82 India, 57, 70, 71, 73, 87, 89, 103, 3, 160 High Coast Bridge, 86 Howe, Julia Ward, 79 23, 164, 143 (table), 137 Hanukkah, 8 High King, 159 Hsuehshan Tunnel, 87 See also Gandhi, Indira; Gandhi, Harare, Zimbabwe, 68, 88, 135 Highest points Huang He River, 48, 137 Mohandas Harding, Warren G., 128, 78 See Elevation Hudson Bay, 108, 129 Indian Ocean, 46, 23, 29, 47, 49, 135, Hare, 11 Highways on maps, 141, 142 Hudson, Henry, 79 138, 48 Hargreaves, James, 85 Hillary, Sir Edmund, 78 Hughes, Charles E., 127 Indian python, 37 Harp, 195 Himalayas, 50, 28, 137 Hughes, Howard, 79 Indiana, 94, 100, 101, 131 Harpsichord, 195 Hinduism, 89, 70, 48 Hughes, Langston, 79 Indianapolis, Indiana, 101, 94, 131 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, 98, 131 Hippocrates, 78, 71 Human beings, 38-40, 34, 35, 36 Indians, American Harrison, Benjamin, 128, 78 Hirohito, 78 See also Body See Native Americans Harrison, William H., 128, 78 Hiroshima, Japan, 75 Humber Bridge, 86 Indochina Hartford, Connecticut, 93, 131, 142 History, 69-75, 142, 143 (time line), Humidity, 20, 23, 24 See Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam Harvest celebration 228 Hungary, 57, 136 Indonesia, 57-58, 68, 28, 47, 90, 103, See Thanksgiving of holidays, 6-8 See also Liszt, Franz 143 (table), 133, 137 Harvey, William, 82 of religions, 89-90 Hunger Industrial Revolution, 75 Hashemite Kingdom of words, 150 infant mortality rates, 51-68, 228 Infant Mortality Rates, 51-68, 228 See Jordan library classification, 145 Hunt, Irene, 159 Infection, 44 Havana, Cuba, 54, 129 Hitchcock, Alfred, 78 Hunt, Walter, 84 Influenza, 44 Hawaii, 93, 100, 101, 23, 28, 50, 106, Hitler, Adolf, 121, 78 Huron, Lake, 46, 131 Infrared light, 196 132, 130 Hitty, Her First 100 Years, 159 Hurricanes, 22 Inguri Dam, 88 See also Kamehameha I; Pearl Ho Chi Minh, 78 Hussein, Saddam, 79, 121 Injury, 210-211 Harbor Hobbit, 157, 160 Huygens, Christiaan, 83 Inquisition, 73-75 Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hog, 36 Hyatt, John Wesley, 84 Insectivore, 35 106, 229 Hogan, 109 Hydroelectric power, 30, 31 Insects, 35, 36, 26, 108 Hawes, Charles, 159 Hogan, Ben, 78 Hydrogen, 14, 32, 33, 34 Instruments, musical, 195 Hawk, 35 Hogrogian, Nonny, 158 Hygrometers, 23 Interior, Secretary of the, 127 Hawthorne, 10 Holes (book), 159 Hyman, Trina Schart, 158 Interjections, 182, 150 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 78 Holidays, 6-8, 227 International date line, 3, 140 Haydn, Joseph, 78 Holland I, Juan de Pareja, 159 Internet, 144, 152 Hayes, Rutherford B., 128, 78 See Netherlands Ice ages, 26 Interview, 219 Health, 38-44 Holland, John, 85 See also Glaciers Intestines, 40, 42 first aid, 210-211 Holly, 8, 10, 93 Ice cream, 41, 43, 44 Introductions, 212-213 Health & Human Services, 127 Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr., 78 Iceland, 57, 136, 129 Inventions and discoveries, 82-85, Hearing, 31, 227 Holocene Epoch, 26 Idaho, 93, 100, 69, 88, 130 70, 229 Heart, 39, 38, 43 Holy Land, 73 Ideograph, 162 Inventors, 82-85 Heart disease, 44 See also Israel Idiophones, 195 Invertebrates, 35, 26 Heat, 30, 31, 44 Homer, Winslow, 78 Igloo, 108 Invincible Louisa, 159 See also Temperature Homeland Security, Secretary of, Igneous rocks, 30 Io, 17 Heating and cooling 127 Illinois, 94, 100, 101, 86, 128, 131 Iodine, 32, 43 of air by lightning, 22 Homework, 221 See also Chicago Iodized salt, 43 of air by sun, 24 Homicide, 44 Illinois tribe, 109 Ionian Sea, 47, 136 in formation of rocks, 29, 30 Homophones, 170-172 Illness, 210-211 Iowa, 94, 100, 128, 131 of matter, 33 Honduras, 57, 68, 129, 134 See also Disease Iowa tribe, 109 Heaven, 90 Honduras, British Illustrators, 158 See also Dorion, Marie Hebrew, 11, 164, 230 See Belize Imam, 90 Iran, 58, 68, 3, 135, 137 Heidi, 160 Hong Kong, 88, 137 Inca Empire, 73, 74 Iraq, 58, 68, 75, 135 Helena, Montana, 96, 130 Honiara, Solomon Islands, 65, 138 See also Atahualpa; Pizarro, Ireland, Northern, 68 Helicopter, 84 Honolulu, Hawaii, 101, 93, 130 Francisco See United Kingdom Helium, 14, 32 Honshu, 49 Incandescent light Ireland, Republic of, 58, 6, 47, 75, Hello, Goodbye Window, 158 See also Japan See Light bulb 136 Helsinki, Finland, 56, 136 Hoover Dam, 88 Inclined plane, 31 Irish Sea, 47, 136 Hemingway, Ernest, 78 Hoover, Herbert, 128, 78 Income Iron, 32, 33, 25, 43, 227 Hemispheres, 140 Hoover, J. Edgar, 78 in countries, 51-68 Iroquois tribe, 109 Hemoglobin, 42 Hope, Bob, 78 in states, 92-100 See also Kentucky; Ohio Henkes, Kevin, 158 Hopi tribe, 109 Income tax, 118 (Amendment 16) Irregular verbs, 180-181 Henry, Marguerite, 159 Horn, 195 Incredible Journey, 160 Irrigation, 228 Henry, Patrick, 122, 78 Horse, 36, 11, 26, 109, 229 Incubation periods, animals Irving, Washington, 79 Herbivores, 35, 37, 26 Horse Latitudes, 24 See Gestation periods of animals Islam, 90, 72, 164 Hercules moth, 36 Hot lines, 155 Independence Day, 7, 110 Islamic calendar, 11, 227, 230 Heredity, 82 Hot Springs National Park, 106 See also Fourth of July Islamabad, Pakistan, 62, 137 See also Genes Houdini, Harry, 78 Independence, Declaration of Island of the Blue Dolphins, 159 Hero and the Crown, 159 Hour, 2, 3, 7, 8 See Declaration of Independence Islands, 49, 50, 68 Héroult, Paul L. T., 83 House of Representatives, 126 Index Isle Royale National Park, 106 Herschel, Sir William, 78 See also Congress map, 141 contined Israel, 58, 68, 73, 120, 89, 90, 47, 135 See also Judaism; Meir, Golda Index 239

ISTANBUL LIBRARY Istanbul, Turkey, 135, 136 Joshua Tree National Park, 106 Kickapoo tribe, 109 Lansing, Michigan, 95, 131 Italian language, 9 Journal writing, 192-193 Kidd, William, 79 Laos, 59, 68, 137 Italy, 58, 28, 47, 87, 136 Joyful Noise: Poems for Two Kidnapped, 160 Laozi, 79 inventors, 83-84, 17 Voices, 159 Kidney, 42, 43 Lapis lazuli, 10 See also Italian language Judaism, 89 Kidney disease, 44 La Salle, Sieur de, 79 It’s Like This, Cat, 159 holidays, 8 Kiev, Ukraine, 67, 136 Laser, 84 Ivory, 108 Hebrew calendar, 11, 230 Kigali, Rwanda, 63, 135 Lassen Peak, 28, 106 Ivory Coast, 54, 135 See also Israel; Abraham; Jewish Kilauea, 28 Lassen Volcanic Natl. Park, 106, 28 Iwate Ichinohe Tunnel, 87 religion Kilimanjaro, 49, 50, 135 Latham, Jean Lee, 159 Judicial Branch of Government, 127 Kinetic energy, 31 Lathrop, Dorothy P., 158 Jack-o-Lantern, 8 in Constitution, 112-120, especially King Arthur, Death of, 160 Latin, 2, 9, 11 Jackson, Mississippi, 95, 131 115 (Article 3) King of the Wind, 159 word roots, prefixes, suffixes, 176- Jackson, Andrew, 128, 79, 125, 208 Judson, Whitcomb, 85 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 79, 123, 6 178 Jackson, Jesse, 79 Julian Calendar, 10 Kings, 121 Latitude, 140, 2, 229, 230 Jackson, Stonewall, 79 Julie of the Wolves, 159 Kings Canyon National Park, 106 of Arctic Circle, Tropics, etc., 12 Jacksonville, Florida, 102, 131 Julius Caesar, 71, 10, 11 Kingston, Jamaica, 58, 129 of countries, 51-68 Jacob Have I Loved, 159 Jumanji, 158 Kingstown, St. Vincent & the of cities, 101-103 Jade, 30 Juneau, Alaska, 92, 130 Grenadines, 63 Latvia, 59, 68, 136 Jaguar, 37 Jupiter (planet), 14, 15, 9, 17, 18 Kinshasa, Dem. Rep. of the Congo, Lava, 27, 28, 105 Jakarta, Indonesia, 103, 57 Jurassic Period, 26 54, 135 Law, 121 Jamaica, 58, 129 Just So Stories, 160 Kiowa tribe, 109 Constitutional law, 112-120 James, Jesse, 79 Justices of Supreme Court, 127 Kipling, Rudyard, 160 library classification, 145 James, Will, 159 Kira-Kira, 159 Lawn mower, 84 Jamestown, Virginia, 74 K-2 (mountain), 50 Kiribati, 58-59, 68, 132-3, 138 Lawson, Robert, 158, 159 See also Smith, John Kabul, Afghanistan, 51, 137 Kirkpatrick, Jeane, 79 Layers of atmosphere, 20 Janssen, Zacharias, 84 Kadohata, Cynthia, 159 Kishinëv, Moldova, Lazarus, Emma, 125 Janus, 6, 11 Kariba Dam, 88 See Chisinau Lead, 32 Japan, 58, 68, 28, 47, 75, 86, 103, Kaieteur (waterfall), 47 Kitten’s First Full Moon, 158 League, 204 143 (table), 3, 137 Kalahari Desert, 49, 135 Klamath tribe, 108 Leap seconds, 227 structures, 86-87 Kamehameha I, 79 Klondike Gold Rush, 48, 75 Leap year, 6, 10 religions, 89-90 Kampala, Uganda, 66, 135 Kobuk Valley National Park, 106 Leaves, 34, 31 See also Hirohito Kampuchea Kolkata, India, 103, 139 Lebanon, 59, 68, 135 Japan, Sea of, 47, 49, 137 See Cambodia Konigsburg, Elaine, 159 Lee, Robert E., 79 Java Kanchenjunga, 50 Koran, 90 Leeuwenhoek, Anton van, 79, 82 See Indonesia Kansa tribe, 109 Korea, North, 59, 68, 88, 47, 137 Legal holiday, 6, 7, 8 Java Sea, 47, 138 Kansas, 94, 100, 23, 130 Korea, South, 59, 68, 47, 137 Legend of map, 141 Jay, John, 127 Kansas City, Missouri, 102, 131 Korean War, 75 Legislative Branch of Government, Jeans, denim, 83 Karachi, Pakistan, 103, 137 Koror, Palau, 62, 138 126 Jebel Toubkal, 50 Karma, 89 Krakatau, 28 See also Congress Jefferson City, Missouri, 96, 131 Kasner, Edward, 199 Krumgold, Joseph, 159 Lehman Caves, 105 Jefferson, Thomas, 128, 79, 110, 111, Kathmandu, Nepal, 61, 137 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 60, 137 L’Engle, Madeleine, 159 144, 208 Katmai National Park, 106 Kublai Khan, 79 Length Jellyfish, 35, 26 Katmai Volcano, 28 Kutenai tribe, 108 of tunnels, 87 Jenner, Edward, 85 Kauai, Hawaii, 130 Kuwait, 59, 68, 75, 135 of canals & bridges, 86, 229 Jerky, 109 Kay, John, 85 Kwakiutl tribe, 108 of lightning bolt, 22 Jerusalem, Israel, 58, 135 Kayak, 108 Kwanzaa, 8 measurement of, 204-205 Jesus Christ, 90, 7, 11, 69, 72, 79 Kazakhstan, 58, 68, 137 Kyrgyzstan, 59, 68, 137 Legumes, 41 Jet engine, 84, 31 Keats, Ezra Jack, 158 Lenin, V. I., 79 Jewish religion, 70, 11, 164 Keats, John, 79 La Paz, Bolivia, 52, 134 Lenormand, Sebastian, 84 holidays, 8 Keith, Harold V., 159 Labastida, Aurora, 158 Lenski, Lois, 159 See also Judaism; Abraham; Frank, Keller, Helen, 79 Labor Day, 7 Lent, Blair, 158 Anne Kellogg, John Harvey, 83 Labor, Secretary of, 127 Leonov, Alexei A., 18 Jiangyin Bridge, 86 Kelly, Eric P., 159 Labor Unions, 7 Leopard, 37 Jigsaw puzzles, 84 Kenai Fjords National Park, 106 See Walesa, Lech; Chavez, Cesar Lesotho, 59, 135 Jihad, 90 Kennedy, John F., 128, 79, 122, 208 Ladies’ Home Journal, 154 Letter writing, 189-191 Jin Mao Tower, 88 Kentucky, 94, 100, 106, 128, 131 Laënnec, René, 85 to the editor, 153 Joan of Arc, 79 Kenya, 58, 50, 135 Laerdal Tunnel, 87 abbreviations, 165, 100 John Hancock Center, 88 Kepler, Johannes, 79, 82 Lafayette, Marquis de, 79 Letters of alphabet, 162-164, 229 Johnny Tremain, 159 Key (map & graph), 141, 143 Laffite, Jean, 79 Lever, 31 Johnson, Andrew, 128, 79 Key, Francis Scott, 124, 79 Lake Clark National Park, 106 Lewis and Clark, 75, 77, 79 Johnson, Lyndon B., 128, 79 Key signature, 194 Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, 229 See also Lewis, Meriwether; Clark, Johnson, Samuel, 79, 75 Keyboard Lakes, 46, 104-107, 29 William Jones, Casey, 79 computer, 164 Lamb, Charles & Mary, 160 Lewis, C. S., 157, 160 Jones, Elizabeth Orton, 158 division symbol on, 198 Lampreys, 35, 26 Lewis, Elizabeth, 159 Jones, John Paul, 122, 79 musical, 195 Landers, Ann, 79 Lewis, Meriwether, 79 Jordan, 58, 68, 47, 135 Khan, Genghis, 73, 78 Langen, Eugen, 83 See also Lewis and Clark Jordan River, 48 Khan, Kublai, 79 Languages Liberia, 59, 135 Joseph, Chief, 79 Khartoum, Sudan, 65, 135 of countries, 51-68, 228 Liberty Bell, 124 See also Nez Percé Indians Khmer Republic library classification, 145 Liberty, Statue of, 124-125 Joseph Had a Little Overcoat, 158 See Cambodia See English; Foreign languages Library, 144-145 240 Index

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MESTRAL Library of Congress, 144, 230 Logical thinking, 40 Magellan, Ferdinand, 74, 79 Massachusetts, 95, 100, 101, 69, 74, Library of Congress classification See also Mathematics; Science Magellan, Strait of, 134 111, 116, 128, 131 system, 145 Lomé, Togo, 66, 135 Magellanic Clouds, 227 Massasoit, 79 Library research report, 224-225 Lon Po Po, 158 Magma, 27, 30 Match, 84 Libreville, Gabon, 56, 135 London, England (United Kingdom), Magnesium, 32, 43 Matchlock Gun, The, 159 Libya, 59, 23, 120, 135 48, 67, 136 Magnet Mathematicians Lichens, 29, 227 London, Jack, 160 See Electromagnet; Compass See Kasner, Edward Liechtenstein, 59, 136 (next to Long Beach, California, 102, 130 Mahican tribe, 109 Mathematics, 198-208 Switzerland) Long, Crawford W., 83 Maidu tribe, 108 Matter, 32-33, 227 Life Expectancy Long distance telephone, 155 Mail e=mc2, 82 in countries, 51-68, 228 Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 79 See Letter writing Matterhorn, 50 in world, 228 Longhouses, 109 Maiman, Theodore, 84 Mauchly, John, 83 Life Savers candy, 84 Longitude, 140, 2, 3, 229, 230 Maine, 94-95, 100, 104, 131 Maui, Hawaii, 23, 106, 130 Light, 13, 22, 31, 34, 82, 196, 227 of countries, 51-68 Majuro, Marshall Islands, 60, 138 Mauna Kea, 50 Light bulb, 84 of cities, 101-103 Make Way for Ducklings, 158 Mauna Loa, 28 Light year, 13 Loom, power, 84 Malabo, Equatorial Guinea, 55, 135 Mauritania, 60, 135 Lightning, 22, 84, 227 Loon, 35, 95 Malawi, 60, 135 Mauritius, 61, 135 Lightning rod, 84 Lord of the Rings, 157 Malaya Maximilian, 79 Lignite, 30 Los Angeles, California, 102, 103, See Malaysia May I Bring a Friend, 158 Lilongwe, Malawi, 60, 135 130 Malaysia, 60, 68, 88, 137 Mayan civilization, 72 Lily, 7, 10 Los Vegas, Nevada, 102, 130 Maldives, 60, 137 Mayflower, 74 Lima, Peru, 63, 134 Loud, John H., 84 Malé, Maldives, 60, 137 Mbabane, Swaziland, 65, 135 Limestone, 30, 104-107 Loudness, 31, 36 Mali, 60, 135 McAuliffe, Christa, 18 Lincoln, Nebraska, 96, 130 Louisiana, 94, 100, 75, 102, 131, 229 Malory, Sir Thomas, 160 McCloskey, Robert, 158 Lincoln: A Photobiography, 159 Louisiana Purchase, 75 Malta, 60, 136 McCormick, Cyrus Hall, 79, 84 Lincoln, Abraham, 128, 6, 79, 123, Love, goddesses of, 9 Mammals, 35, 36, 26 McCully, Emily Arnold, 158 125, 208 Lovell, James A., Jr., 18 endangered, 37 McDermott, Gerald, 158 books about, 158, 159 Low Countries, 68 Mammoth Cave National Park, 106 McKinley, Robin, 159 See also Booth, John Wilkes See also individual countries Mammoths. 26 McKinley, William, 128, 79, 208 Lincoln Memorial, 123, 208 Low, Juliette Gordon, 79 Man Who Walked Between the Meal Lincoln’s Birthday, 6 Lower Yellowstone Falls, 47 Towers, 158 planning, 41 Lindbergh, Charles, 79 Lowest points Managua, Nicaragua, 62, 129, 134 manners, 214-215 Line graph, 143 See Elevation Manama, Bahrain, 52, 135 Measurement, 204-205, 13 Linear measure Lowry, Lois, 159 Manchester Ship Canal, 86 Meat, 41, 42, 43 See Length Luanda, Angola, 51, 135 Mandan tribe, 109 meat-eating animals, 35 Lion, 35, 36 Lumbee tribe, 109 Mandela, Nelson, 79 Mecca, Saudi Arabia, 11, 90, 135 Lion, Witch & the Wardrobe, 157, Luna 2, 17, 18 Manganese, 32 Medicine, 71 160 Luna 3, 17 Maniac Magee, 159 inventions & discoveries, 82-85 Lippershey, Hans, 85 Lunar eclipse, 17 Manila, Philippines, 63, 137, 138 library classification, 145 Liquid, 33 Lung disease, 44 Mann, Horace, 79 See also Health; Hippocrates Liquid measure Lungfish, 26 Manners, 212-215 Medina, Saudi Arabia, 11, 135 See Volume Lungs, 39 Mantle of earth, 25, 27 Mediterranean Sea, 47, 28, 135, 136 Liquor Lupu Bridge, 86, 229 Manual alphabet, 163 Mei Li, 158 See Alcohol Lusaka, Zambia, 67, 135 Manuscript handwriting, 162 Meigs, Cornelia, 159 Lisbon, Portugal, 63, 136 Luther, Martin, 79, 74, 90 Many Moons, 158 Meir, Golda, 79 Lister, Sir Joseph, 79, 83 Lutheran Church, 90 Mao Tse-tung, 79 Mekong River, 48, 137 Liszt, Franz, 79 Luxembourg, 60, 68, 136 (north of Maps, 141, 142, 140, 129-138 Melanesia, 68 Liter, 204-205 France) time zones map, 3 Melcher, Frederic G., 158 Literature, 156-160 Lyrics, 195 in research report, 225 Melting Point, 33 library classification, 145 to Star-Spangled Banner, 124 Maputo, Mozambique, 61, 135 Membranophone, 195 Lithuania, 60, 68, 136 Marble, 30 Memorial Day, 6, 7 Little House books, 157, 160 M. C. Higgins, the Great, 159 Marconi, Guglielmo, 79, 84 Memory helps, 222, 7, 10, 169, 173, Little House, The, 158 MacArthur, Douglas, 79, 122 Mardalsfossen (waterfall), 47 220 Little House in the Big Woods, 160, Macaulay, David, 158 Margarine, 42, 43 Memphis, Tennessee, 102, 131 157 Macedonia, 60, 68, 228, 136 Mariana Trench, 46, 138 Mendel, Gregor, 79, 82 Little House on the Prairie, 160, 157 See Alexander the Great Marias, 16 Mendelssohn, Felix, 79 Little Island, The, 158 Machine, 31 Marmara Sea, 47, 136 Menominee tribe, 109 Little Rock, Arkansas, 92, 131 inventions of, 82-85 Marriage, goddess of, 11 Menorah, 89 Little Women, 160 Machine gun, 84 Mars, 9, 14, 15, 11 Mercator projection, 141 Liver, 40, 42, 43 MacKenzie River, 48, 129 Marshall, Thurgood, 79 Mercury (element), 32, 33, 23, 85 Liver disease, 44 Mackinac Bridge, 86 Marshall Islands, 60, 68, 138 Mercury (planet), 9, 15 Livingstone, David, 79 MacLachlan, Patricia, 159 Martin Luther King Day, 6 Meridians, 3, 140 Lizard, 35, 26 Madagascar, 60, 49, 135 Martinique, 28 See also Longitude Ljubljana, Slovenia, 64, 136 Madeline’s Rescue, 158 Marx, Karl, 79 Merry Adventures of Robin Hood, Lloyd George, David, 79 Madison, Wisconsin, 69, 99, 131 Mary Poppins, 160 160 Lobel, Arnold, 158 Madison, James, 128, 79, 116, 208 Maryland, 95, 100, 101, 74, 86, 111, Mesa, Arizona, 102, 130 Lobsters, 35, 142 Madrid, Spain, 65, 136 116, 124, 131 Mesa Verde National Park, 106 Locomotive, steam, 84 Magazines, 225, 154, 145 Maseru, Lesotho, 59, 135 Mesosphere, 20 Lofting, Hugh, 159 See also Periodicals Mass movement, 29 Mesozoic era, 26 Mestral, George de, 85 Index 241

METAMORPHIC NEW TESTAMENT Metamorphic rocks, 30 Missouri River, 48, 129 Moscow, Russia, 63, 136, 137 My Friend Rabbit, 158 Metamorphosis, 35 Mixtures, 33 Moses, Grandma, 80 My Side of the Mountain, 160 Meteorites, 14 Mnemonics, 173, 169, 222, 7, 10 Mosques, 90 Myanmar, 61, 68 137 Meteoroids, 14, 16 Modoc Indians Moth, 36 Meteors, 14, 20 See Captain Jack Mother Goose, Tales of, 160 Nader, Ralph, 80 Meter, 204-205 Mogadishu, Somalia, 65, 135 Mother’s Day, 7 Nairobi, Kenya, 58, 135 Methodist Church, 90 Mohawk tribe, 109 Motion, 31 Naismith, James, 83 Methuselah (tree), 36 See also Brant, Joseph Motion pictures, 84 Names, origin of Metric measurement, 204-205 Mohegan tribe, 109 Motor, 84 days, 9 Mexican War, 75 Mohs Hardness Scale, 30 Motor vehicle tunnels, 87 months, 11 Mexico, 61, 28, 48, 50, 68, 73, 74, Molasses, 43 Motorcycle, 84 state, 92-100 103, 129 Mold, 37, 227 Mott, Lucretia, 80 animals (female, group, etc.), 36 See also Aztec Empire Moldova, 61, 68, 136 Motto Namibia, 61, 135 Mexico City, Mexico, 103, 61, 129 Molecules, 33 of states, 92-100 Napoleon Bonaparte, 75, 80, 87 Miami, Florida, 102, 131 Mollusca (mollusks), 35, 26 of United States, 124 See also Wellington, Duke of Miami tribe, 109 Molybdenum, 32 on Great Seal, 125 Narcissus, 10 Mica, 30 Monaco, 68, 136 (between France Mont Blanc Tunnel, 87 Narraganset tribe, 109 Michelangelo Buonarreti, 79 and Italy) Mount Cook, 50 Nash, Ogden, 80 Michigan, 95, 100, 101, 106, 86, 131 Monarchy, 121 Mount Elbert, 50 Nashville, Tennessee, 102, 98, 131 Michigan, Lake, 46, 131 Monet, Claude, 79 Mount Elbrus, 49, 50 Naskapi tribe, 108 Micmac tribe, 108 Money, 208, 124, 203 Mount Etna, 28 Nassau, Bahamas, 52, 129 Microfiche, 144, 152 currencies, per capita GNP of Mount Everest, 49, 50, 137 Natchez tribe, 109 Microfilm, 144, 152 countries, 51-68 Mount Fuji, 28 Nation, Carry, 80 Micronesia, Federated States of, 61, per capita income of states, 92-100 Mount Kenya, 50 National anthem, 124 68, 138 See also Currencies Mount Kilimanjaro, 49, 50 See also Key, Francis Scott Microscope, 84, 34 Mongolia, 61, 68, 137 Mount Kosciuszko, 49, 50, 138 National Geographic, 154 See also Leeuwenhoek, Anton van; See also Genghis Khan Mount Logan, 50 National Parks, 104-107, 229, 230 Cell Monk, 89 Mount McKinley, 49, 50, 105, 129 National Park of American Samoa, Middle Ages, 72-73 Monkey, 11, 26 Mount McKinley National Park 104 Middle East, 68, 47, 48, 90 Monotheism, 89 See Denali National Park Native Americans (Indians), 108-109, Arabic alphabet, 164 Monroe, James, 128, 79 Mount Mitchell, 50 8, 72, 73, 107, 229 See also individual countries Monroe, Marilyn, 79 Mount Rainier, 50, 106, 23 origins of state names, 92-100 Midnight sun, 12 Monrovia, Liberia, 59, 135 Mount Rainier National Park, 106 Natural Gas, 30, 31 Midwife’s Apprentice, 159 Monsoon rains, 24 Mount St. Helens, 28 Nauru, 68, 138 Migration of tern (bird), 36 Mont Blanc, 50 Mount Washington, 227 Nautical mile, 204, 229 Mile, 204, 205, 229 Mont Pelée, 28 Mount Whitney, 107 Navajo tribe, 109 Milhous, Katherine, 158 Montagnais tribe, 108 Mountain ranges, 50 Naylor, Phyllis Reynolds, 159 Military Montana, 96, 100, 88, 105, 130 Mountains, 50, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, Naypyidaw, Myanmar, 61 24-hour clock, 2 Montenegro, 61, 68, 136, 228 228, 129, 135-138 N’Djamena, Chad, 53, 135 Intl. Phonetic Alphabet, 163 Montessori, Maria, 79 in National Parks, 104-107 Neap tides, 16 See also Memorial Day; Veterans Montevideo, Uruguay, 67, 134 See also Hillary, Sir Edmund Nebraska, 96, 100, 102, 128, 130 Day Montezuma II, 79 Mouth, 40, 42 Nebulae, 13, 227 Milk, 41, 43, 44 See also Aztec Empire Movable type, 73, 82 Negros See also Dairy products Montgolfier, Jacques, 79, 83 See also Printing See African Americans; Slavery; Milky Way, 13, 14 Montgolfier, Joseph, 79, 83 Movies King, Martin Luther, Millennium, 2 Montgomery, Alabama, 92, 131 See Motion Pictures Neon, 32 Milne, A. A., 157, 160 Montgomery, L. M., 160 Mozambique, 61, 135 Nepal, 61, 137 Milton, John, 79 Month, 2, 10-11, 227 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 80 Neptune, 15, 18 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 102, 131 holidays, 6-8 Mrs. Frisby & the Rats of Nimh, 159 Nero, 80 Minami Bisan-seto Bridge, 86 See also Calendar Muhammad, 90, 11, 72, 80 Nerves, 40, 42, 43 Minerals, 25, 30, 34, 41, 43, 44, 227 Monticello, 208 Muir, John, 80 Nervous System, 40 Ministers, 90 Montpelier, Vermont, 99, 131 Mukerji, Dhan, 159 Ness, Evaline, 158 Minneapolis, Minnesota, 102, 131 Montresor, Beni, 158 Multiples, 202 Netherlands, 62, 68, 86, 88, 136 Minnesota, 95, 100, 102, 107, 131 Moog, Robert A., 85 Multiplication, 201 (Neth.), 228 Minsheng Bank Building, 88 Moon, 16-17, 2, 9, 18, 69, 75 Multnomah Falls, 47, 224 inventors, 82-85 Minsk, Belarus, 52, 136 Easter holiday based on, 7 Mumbai, India, 103, 137 Neutrons, 32, 82 Minute, 2, 199 calendars based on, 11 Munsee tribe, 109 Nevada, 96, 100, 88, 102, 105, 130 Miocene Epoch, 26 in solar system, 14-15, 17 Muscat, Oman, 62, 135 Neville, Emily, 159 Miracles on Maple Hill, 159 Moose, 108 Muscles, 38, 41-43 New Colossus, 125 Mirette on the High Wire, 158 Mordvinoff, Nicolas, 158 Mushrooms, 227 New Delhi, India, 57, 137 Miss Hickory, 159 Mormon Church Music, 194-195, 31, 70 New Guinea, 49, 138 Missionaries, 164 See Smith, Joseph; Young, Brigham state songs, 92-100 See also Papua New Guinea Missing May, 159 Morning-Glory, 10 musicians/composers, 76-81, 124 New Hampshire, 96, 100, 74, 111, Mississippi, 95, 100, 131 Morocco, 61, 135 Music, cont. 116, 128, 131 (N.H.), 227 Mississippi River, 48, 82, 109, 129 Moroni, Comoros, 54, 135 library classification, 145 New Jersey, 96, 100, 74, 86, 111, 116, See also De Soto, Hernando; La Morrison, Walter F., 83 See also Treble clef 128, 131 Salle, Sieur de Morse code, 163 Muslim, 73, 90, 8, 11 New Mexico, 96-97, 100, 101, 74, Mississippian Period, 26 Morse, Samuel F. B., 79, 85, 163, 229 See Islam 104, 109, 130 Missouri, 96, 100, 102, 103, 128, 131 Mortality Mussolini, Benito, 121, 80 New Orleans, Louisiana, 102, 131 See Death New Testament, 90 242 Index

NEW YEAR'S DAY PERCOLATION New Year’s Day, 6 Northern Ireland, 68 Omaha, Nebraska, 102, 130 Papua New Guinea, 62, 68, 138 New York, 97, 100, 102, 111, 116, 47, See also United Kingdom Omaha Indians Papyrus, 70, 144 74, 86, 88, 7, 128, 131 Northern lights, 20 See Picotte, Susan La Flesche Parachute, 84 See also New York City Northern Rhodesia Oman, 62, 68, 120, 135 Paraguay, 62, 134 New York City, 102, 103, 88, 124, See Zambia Omnivore, 35 Parallel, 140, 206 6, 131 Northwesterly winds, 24 Once a Mouse, 158 See also Latitude See also New York Norway, 62, 68, 88, 47, 136 One Fine Day, 158 Paramaribo, Suriname, 65, 134 New York Times Index, 152 Notable people, 76-81, 228-9 Onion John, 159 Parchment, 144 New Zealand, 62, 47, 50, 120, 133, inventors, 82-85 Ontario, Canada, 53 Parenthetical phrases, 167 138 presidents, 128 Ontario, Lake, 46, 131 Paricutín, 28 See also Hillary, Sir Edmund Note-taking, 220, 224 Opal, 10, 30 Paris, France, 48, 56, 87, 136 Newbery Books, 158, 159 Nouakchott, Mauritania, 60, 135 Opera Park, Linda Sue, 159 Newbery, John, 158 Nouns, 179, 166, 150 See Wagner, Richard Parker, Ely, 80 Newspapers, 152-153, 145 noun-forming suffixes, 178 Opinions, 153 Parkinson’s disease, 44 See also Press, freedom of Nuclear energy, 30, 31 Oral Reading, 216 Parks Newton, Sir Isaac, 80, 82, 17 in stars and sun, 13, 14 Orangutan, 37 See National Parks Nez Percé tribe, 108 invention of nuclear reactor, 84 Orbit, 15, 12, 18, 227 Parks, Rosa Lee, 80 See also Joseph, Chief See also Atoms in atoms, 32 Parthenon, 71 Niacin, 42 Nucleus/Nuclei Ordovician Period, 26 Parties, etiquette, 215 Niagara Falls, 47 of atom, 32 Oregon, 97-98, 100, 102, 47, 105, Parties, political, 125 Niamey, Niger, 62, 135 of cell, 34 130, 229 Parts of speech, 179-182, 150 Nicaragua, 62, 68, 129, 134 Nuku‘alofa, Tonga, 66 Organ, musical, 195 Passover, 8 Nicholas II, 80 Number the Stars, 159 Organs of the body, 38-40 Pasta, 41 Nickel Numbers, 198-208, 166 Orion, 13 Pasteur, Louis, 80 element, 32, 33, 25, 227 atomic numbers, 32 Oroville Dam, 88 Patent, 82 coin, 208 Latin words for, 11 Orthodox Church, 90, 73 Paterson, Katherine, 159 Nicknames of states, 92-100, 229 Numerals, 198, 163 Osage tribe, 109 Patton, George Smith, Jr., 80 Nicosia, Cyprus, 54 Nurek Dam, 88 Osaka, Japan, 103, 137 Patuxet Indians Niger, 62, 135 Nutrients, 39, 40, 41-43 Osceola, 80 See Squanto Niger River, 48, 135 in soil, 37 See also Seminole Indians Pawnee tribe, 109 Nigeria, 62, 143 (table), 135 Nutrition, 41-44, 230 Oshimizu Tunnel, 87 Peace pipe, 109 Night, 9 Nuts, 41, 42, 43, 108, 109 Oslo, Norway, 62, 136 Peale, Norman Vincent, 80 Night blindness, 42 Nyasa, Lake, 46, 135 Ostrich, 35, 36, 37 Peanuts, 42 Nightingale, Florence, 80 Nyasaland Otis, Elisha, 83 Peanut butter, 41, 44 Nile River, 48, 70, 135 See Malawi Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 53, 129 Pearl, 10 Nimbus, 20 Nylon, 84 Ottawa Indians Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 75 Nine Days to Christmas, 158 See Pontiac Peary, Robert, 80 Nirvana, 89 Oahe Tailings Dam, 88 Otto, Nikolaus, 83 Peat, 30 Nissen, George, 85 Oahu, Hawaii, 130 Ouachita Mountains, 106 Peck, Richard, 159 Nitrogen, 20, 32, 33 Oakland, California, 102, 130 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 53, 135 Peking Nixon, Richard M., 128, 80 Oakley, Annie, 80 Out of the Dust, 159 See Beijing Noah’s Ark, 50 Oatmeal, 42 Outboard motor, 84 Pelican, 37, 94 Noah’s Ark (book), 158 Oboe, 195 Outline, 187, 168, 217, 224 Pellagra, 42 Nobel, Alfred, 80, 83 O’Brien, Robert C., 159 Owens, Jesse, 80 Pemaquid Indians Nobel peace prize, 123 Obsidian, 30 Owl, 35 See Samoset See also Nobel, Alfred Ocean, 46, 16, 21, 22, 48, 49, 228 Owl Moon, 158 Pemmican, 109 Noble Eightfold Path, 89 Oceania, 68 Ox, 11 Pen, ball-point, 84 Noon, 2, 3 See also individual countries Ox-Cart Man, 158 Pen pal, 190 Nootka tribe, 108 Octave, 194 Oxygen, 20, 32, 33, 34, 39, 43 Pencil, wooden, 84 Nonfiction, 145, 156 Octavian Oysters, 43 Penguin, 35 Norse gods, 9 See Caesar, Augustus Ozone, 20, 82 Penicillin, 82 North America, 48, 25, 29, 46, 49, O’Dell, Scott, 159 Penn, William, 80, 98 50, 140 Officer Buckle & Gloria, 158 Pacific Ocean, 46, 3, 22, 25, 49, 68, Pennsylvania, 98, 74, 100, 102, 111, map, 129, 48 Ohio, 97, 100, 101, 105, 128, 131, 141 107, 108, 132-33, 48 116, 124, 128, 131 countries of, 51-68 Oil (petroleum), 30, 31, 75, 191 See also Cook, James See also Philadelphia; Penn, William history, 69-75 Oil shale, 30 Paine, Thomas, 122, 80 Pennsylvanian Period, 26 religions, 89-90 O’Keeffe, Georgia, 80 Painted Desert, 107 Pentagon, 75 National Parks, 104-107 Okhotsk, Sea of, 47, 137 Paiute tribe, 108 People, 168 natives of, 108-109 Oklahoma, 97, 100, 102, 103, 130 Pakistan, 62, 90, 103, 143 (table), 137 notable people, 76-81, 228-9 North Carolina, 97, 100, 101, 111, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 102, 97, Palau, 62, 138 inventors, 82-85 116, 74, 120, 128, 131 130 Paleocene Epoch, 26 People, cont. North Cascades National Park, 106 Old Faithful geyser, 107 Paleozoic Era, 26 presidents, 128 North Dakota, 97, 100, 88, 107, 130 Old Glory, 124 Palikir, Micronesia, 61, 138 See also Human beings North Pole, 9, 12, 24, 140 Old Testament, 164 Panama, 62, 68, 86, 134 Per capita GDP, 51-68, 228 North Sea, 47, 136 Oligarchy, 121 Panama Canal, 86 Per capita energy consumption, North Sea Canal, 86 Oligocene Epoch, 26 See also Canal Zone 92-100, 229 Northeast trade winds, 24 Olympia, Washington, 99, 130 Panama City, Panama, 62, 134 Per capita income, 92-100, 229 Northern hemisphere, 140, 7, 8, 12 Olympic games, 71 Panda, 37 Percentiles, 223 rotation of winds, 22 Olympic National Park, 107 Paper, 72, 84, 70 Percolation, in soil, 21 See also Northern lights Om, 89 Papin, Denis, 84 Index 243

PERCUSSION QUITO Percussion instruments, 195 Piñon pine, 96, 97, 109 Population, cont. Pretoria, South Africa, 65, 135 Peregrine falcon, 36 Pinocchio, Adventures of, 160 of cities, 101-103 Prewriting, 186-187 Peridot, 10 Pitcher, Molly, 80 of continents, 49 Priest, 90 Perihelion, 227 Pixii, Hippolyte, 84 of world, 228 Priestley, Joseph, 80 Perimeter, 204 Pizarro, Francisco, 74, 80 Porifera, 35 Prime meridian, 140, 3 Periodic Table of the Elements, 32 Place value, 199, 203 Pork, 41, 42 Prime numbers, 202 Periodicals, 154, 144, 145, 224-225 Plagiarism, 224 Port-au-Prince, Haiti, 57, 129 Primrose, 10 Perkin, William, 83 Plague, 72, 73, 69 Port Louis, Mauritius, 61, 135 Printing, movable type, 73, 82, 84 Perkins, Lynne Rae, 159 Plains tribes (native American), Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, Prism, 196 Permian Period, 26 109, 229 62, 138 Prizes Perpendicular, 206 Planets, 14-15, 17, 18, 9, 82, 227 Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, See Awards Perpetual calendar, 4-5 Plants, 34, 36-37, 26, 29, 30, 31, 66, 134 Problem solving, 216 Perrault, Charles, 160 21, 227 Port-Vila, Vanuatu, 67, 138 Procedures, 210-226 Persia, 73 state plants, 92-100 Portland, Oregon, 102, 130 for spelling study, 173 See also Iran in National Parks, 104-107 Porto-Novo, Benin, 52, 135 for solving word problems, 198 Persian Gulf, 135 use by native Americans, 108-109 Portugal, 63, 136 Procyon, 13 Persian Gulf States plant-eating animals, 35 See also Magellan, Ferdinand Product map, 142 See United Arab Emirates See also Burbank, Luther Portuguese Guinea Prohibition, 119 (Amendments 18 Persian Gulf War, 75 Plasma, 227 See Guinea-Bissau & 21) See also Schwarzkopf, Norman Plastic, 84 Portuguese West Africa Projections, map, 141 Peru, 63, 73, 74, 134 Plate tectonics, 25 See Angola Pronouns, 179, 150 See also Atahualpa; Pizarro, Platinum, 32 Possessive nouns, 179, 166 Pronunciation key, 150 Francisco Plato, 80 Post, C. W., 83 Proofreading, 188 Pesach, 8 Plays, 218, 156 Post, Wiley, 80 Propeller, screw, 84 Peter Pan, 160 library classification, 145 Postal abbreviations, 100 Proper nouns, 168-169, 179 Peter Rabbit, Tales of, 160 See also Shakespeare, William Potassium, 32, 43 Proteins, 41 Petersham, Maude & Miska, 158 Pledge of Allegiance, 124 Potato chips, 84 Protestant Church, 74, 90 Petrified Forest National Park, Pleistocene Epoch, 26 Potatoes, 75, 142, 41 See also Luther, Martin; Calvin, John 107, 26 Plimpton, James L., 85 Potawatomi tribe, 109 Protons, 32, 82 Petroleum, 30, 31, 191 Pliocene Epoch, 26 Potential energy, 31 Protozoa, 35 See also Oil Pluralization, rules for, 179, 166 Potlach, 108 Protractor, 207 Petronas Towers, 88 Pluto, 14, 15, 227 Potter, Beatrix, 160 Provensen, Alice & Martin, 158 Pettus, J., 84 Plutonium, 32 Pottery, 69, 109 Proverbs, 151 Pharaohs, 70 Plymouth Colony, 8, 74 Poulsen, Valdemar, 85 Providence, Rhode Island, 98, 131 See also Ramses II; Tutankhamen Pneumatic tire Poultry, 41, 142 Proxima Centauri, 13 Phases of moon, 16 See Tire, pneumatic See also Chicken; Turkey Prydain Chronicles, 157 Pheasant, 35 Pneumonia, 44 Powell, Colin L., 80 Psychoanalysis Philadelphia, 102, 110, 112, 124, 131 Pocahontas, 80 Power loom See Freud, Sigmund Philip, King, 80 See also Powhatan Indians See Loom, power Ptolemy, 17, 80 Philippines, 63, 68, 28, 46, 47, 122, Podgorica, Montenegro, 61, 136 Powhatan, 80 Pueblo tribes, 109 137, 138 Poe, Edgar Allan, 80 See also Powhatan Indians See also Arrow to the Sun Philosophy, 71 Poetry, 156, 168, 10 Powhatan tribe, 109 Puerto Rico, 103, 100 Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 53, 137 Poinsettia, 8, 10 See also Pocahontas; Powhatan Pulley, 31 Phoenix, Arizona, 102, 92, 130 Poisoning, 211 Prague, Czech Republic, 55, 136 Pulse, 39 Phonetic alphabet, 163 Poland, 63, 82, 17, 136 Praia, Cape Verde, 53, 135 Pumice, 30 Phonetic spelling, 150 Polar easterlies, 24 Prayer for a Child, 158 Pumpkin, 8, 43 Phonograph, 84 Polar Express, The, 158 Preachers, 90 Punctuation, 166-167, 162 Phosphorus, 32, 43 Polio Precambrian, 26 in letter writing, 189-191 Photography inventions, 83-85 See Vaccines; Salk, Jonas Precipitation, 21, 24 in bibliography, 225 Photosynthesis, 34 Politeness, 212-215 See also Rain; Snow; Hail in interpreting index, 148 Physical map, 142 Politi, Leo, 158 Prefixes, 177, 204 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), 228 pi (π), 207, 229 Political map, 142 for numbers, 199 Purim, 8 Piano, 84, 195 Political parties, 125 Prehistory, 69 Puzzles Picasso, Pablo, 80 Polk, James K., 128, 80 Prepositions, 182, 150 See Jigsaw puzzles Pico de Orizaba, 50 Polo, Marco, 73, 70, 80 Presbyterian Church, 90 Pyle, Howard, 160 Picotte, Susan La Flesche, 80 Polynesia, 68 Presidential seal, 208 P’yongyang, North Korea, 59, 137 Pictograph, 143, 162 Polytheism, 89 President’s Day, 6 Pyramids of Egypt, 70 Pie graph, 143 Pomo tribe, 108 Presidents, 128, 6, 8, 122-123, 127 Pyrite, 30 Pierce, Franklin, 128, 80 Pompeii, 28 Oath of Office, 115 (Article 2, Sect. 1) Python, 37 Pierre, South Dakota, 98, 130 Ponce de León, Juan, 80 See also Executive branch of Pig, 11, 41 Pontiac, 80 government Qatar, 63, 68, 135 Pigment, 34, 196 Pooh books, 157, 160 Presley, Elvis, 80 Quadrilaterals, 207 Pikes Peak, 50 Poor Richard’s Almanac, 151 Press, Freedom of, 117 (Amend. 1) Quartz, 30 Pilgrims, 74, 8 Pope Gregory XIII, 10, 74 Pressure Quasars, 13 See also Samoset; Squanto See also Gregorian calendar air, 22, 23, 24, 33, 46, 228 Quaternary Period, 26 Pima tribe, 109 Poppy, 10, 92 in volcanoes, 27 Quebec Bridge, 86 Pin, safety, 84 Population, 69, 126, 142, 143 (table), in geology, 28, 29, 30 Queens, 121 Pinatubo, 28 228, 229, 230 under water, 46, 228 See Cleopatra Pine tree, bristlecone, 36, 105, 96 of countries, 51-68 contined Pressure cooker, 84 Quito, Ecuador, 55, 134 244 Index

QUOTATIONS SAND PAINTING Quotations, 122, 16 Religion, cont. Robin, 35, 93, 95, 98 Russian Orthodox Church punctuation/capitalization, 167, 168 See also Mount Fuji (sacred Robin Hood, 80 See Orthodox Church in note taking, 220 mountain in Japan); Ganges River Robin Hood, Merry Adventures of, Rust, 33 Qur’an (sacred river in India) 160 Ruth, Babe, 80 See Koran Rembrandt, 80 Robinson Crusoe, 160 Rutherford, Ernest, 82, 32 Remington, Frederic, 80 Robinson, Jackie, 80 Rwanda, 63, 135 Rabat, Morocco, 61, 135 Renaissance, 73-74 Robinson projection, 141 Rylant, Cynthia, 159 Rabbi, 89 See also Da Vinci, Leonardo; Rock, 30, 21, 25-30 Ryugyong Hotel, 88 Rabbit, 35, 36, 37, 109 Michelangelo; Raphael in space, 14, 16 Easter bunny, 7 Renoir, Pierre, 80 Rock and roll band, 31 Sabbath, 89 See also Hare Rehnquist, William H., 127 Rockefeller, John D., 80 See also Creation Rabbit Hill, 159 Report, 224-226 Rocket, 85 Sabine-Neches Waterway, 86 Radio, 84 Representative democracy, 121 See also Von Braun, Wernher Sacagawea, 80, 208 Radium, 32 Reptiles, 35-36, 26 Rockwell, Norman, 80 See also Shoshone Indians Radon, 32 endangered, 37 Rocky Mountain National Park, 107 Sachar, Louis, 159 Railroad engineers Republic (form of government), 121 Rocky Mountains, 50, 28, 107, 108- Sacramento, California, 102, 92, 130 See Jones, Casey Republican party, 125 109, 129 Safety pin, 84 Railroad tunnels, 87 Research report, 224-225 Roemer, Olaus, 82 Saguaro National Park, 107 Railroads, 3, 75 Respiratory system, 39 Roentgen, Wilhelm, 80, 82 Sahara Desert, 49, 135 See also Locomotive, steam See also Breathing Rogers, Will, 80 Sailboat, diagram of, 143 Rain, 20-23, 24, 29 Resurrection of Christ, 7 Rohmann, Eric, 158 Saint Augustine, Florida, 74 Rain dance, 109 See also Christianity Rojankovsky, Feodor, 158 Saint Christopher-Nevis Rainbow, 196 Réunion, 23, 135 Rokko Tunnel, 87 See Saint Kitts and Nevis Rainfall map, 142 Revere, Paul, 80, 143 (time line) Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, 159 Saint George and the Dragon, 158 Raleigh, North Carolina, 97, 131 Revising, 184, 225 Roller skates, 85 Saint George’s, Grenada, 57 Raleigh, Sir Walter, 80 See also Mini Thesaurus; Roller Skates, 159 Saint Gotthard Tunnel, 87 Ramadan, 90, 8 Parenthetical phrases Roman Catholic Church, 73, 74, 90 Saint Helens, Mount, 28 Ramses II, 80 Revolution of earth and heavenly See also Pope Gregory XIII Saint John’s, Antigua & Barbuda, 51 Raphael, 80 bodies (orbits), 12, 14, 16 Roman Empire, Ancient, 71-72 Saint Kitts and Nevis, 63, 132 Rapunzel, 158 See also Copernicus, Nicolaus; Year alphabet, 162 Saint Lawrence River, 48 Raschka, Chris, 158 (of planets) See also Latin; Roman gods; Roman Saint Lawrence Seaway, 86 Raskin, Ellen, 159 Revolutionary War numerals Saint Louis, Missouri, 103, 131 Rat, 11 See American Revolutionary War Roman gods, 6, 9, 11 Saint Lucia, 63, 132, 134 Rathman, Peggy, 158 Revolver, 84 Roman numerals, 187, 198 Saint Patrick’s Day, 6 Rawlings, Marjorie, 160 Reykjavik, Iceland, 57, 136, 129 Romania, 63, 68, 136 Saint Paul, Minnesota, 95, 131 Rawls, Wilson, 160 Rhine River, 48, 136 Rome, Italy, 58, 136 Saint Valentine, 6 Rays (animal), 35 Rhinoceros, 37, 26 See also Roman Empire, Ancient Saint Vincent & the Grenadines, Reader’s Digest, 154 Rhode Island, 98, 100, 74, 111, 120, Roosevelt, Eleanor, 80 63-64, 132, 134 Readers’ Guide to Periodical 131 (R.I.) Roosevelt, Franklin D., 128, 80, Saints Literature, 154 Rhodes, Greece, 98, 136 122, 208 See Joan of Arc Reading, 216 Rhodesia Roosevelt, Theodore, 128, 80, 107, Salad oil, 41, 42 See also Books See Zambia; Zimbabwe 122 Salamander, 35 Reagan, Ronald W., 128, 80 Rhythm, 194-195 Rooster Crows, The, 158 Salem, Oregon, 97, 130 Reaper, 84 in poetry, 156 Roots of plant, 34, 29, 108, 109 Salisbury, Zimbabwe Recommended Daily Dietary as a memory aid, 222 Roots, word, 176 See Harare Allowances Ribbon Falls, 47 Rose, 10, 93, 94, 97 Saliva, 40 See Reference daily intake Riboflavin, 42 Rose hips, 42 Salk, Jonas, 80, 85 Red Cross, 210 Rice, 41, 43, 109 Roseau, Dominica, 55 Salmon, 35, 37, 106, 108 See Barton, Clara Rice, Condoleezza, 80 Rosh Hashanah, 8 Salt, 30, 33, 43 Red Sea, 47, 135 Richmond, Virginia, 99, 131 Ross, Betsy, 80 Salt Lake City, Utah, 99, 130 Redwood National Park, 107 Richter scale, 29, 227 Rotation, 9, 3, 14, 140, 227 Sam, Bangs, and Moonshine, 158 Reed instruments, 195 Rickenbacker, Eddie, 80 of hurricane winds, 22 Samoa, 64, 68, 133 Reed, Walter, 80 Rickets, 42, 43 See also Days (of planets) Samoa, American, 104 Reference books and materials, Ride, Sally K., 18, 80 Royal Gorge, 48 Samoset, 80 142-155, 221 Rifles for Watie, 159 Rubber bands, 85 Samuelson, Ralph, 85 in research report, 224-225 Riga, Latvia, 59, 136 Rubber, vulcanized, 85 San Andreas Fault, 28 Reference daily intake, 42-43, 227 Rigel, 13 Ruby, 10, 30 San Antonio, Texas, 103, 130 Reformation, 74, 90 Ring of Fire, 25 Rulers, English and metric, 204 See also Cisneros, Henry Gabriel See also Luther, Martin; Calvin, John Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 103, 134 Rumania San Diego, California, 103, 130 Refrigerator, 31 Rio Grande River, 48, 129 See Romania San Francisco, California, 103, 29, Regions of the world, 68 See also Big Bend National Park Runaway Switchboard, 155 87, 3, 130 Reincarnation, 89 Rio Niterói Bridge, 229 Runyang Bridge, 86 San Jose, California, 103, 130 Relativity, Theory of, 82 Ritty, James, 83 Ruppel’s vulture, 36 San José, Costa Rica, 54, 134 Religion, 89-90 Rivers, 48, 21, 29, 70, 129, 134-138 Russia, 63, 18, 47, 50, 68, 73, 75, 88, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 103 holidays, 6-8 in National Parks, 104-107 108, 143 (table), 228, 136, 137, 129 San Marino, 64 calendars, 11 of Connecticut, 142 alphabet, 164 San Salvador, El Salvador, 55, 129 history of, 70-75 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 64, 135 See also Catherine the Great; Sanaa, Yemen, 67, 135 freedom of, 117 (Amendment 1) Road maps, 141, 142 Nicholas II Sand dunes, 105, 106 library classification, 145 contined Roberts, John G., 127 Sand painting, 109 Index 245

SANDBURG SOVIET UNION Sandburg, Carl, 80 Secret of the Andes, 159 Sicily, 28, 136 Snowdrop, 10 Sandpiper, 35 Sedimentary rock, 29, 30 Siddhartha Gautama, 78, 89 Snowfall, greatest, 23 Sandstone, 30 Seed drill, 85 See also Buddhism Snowflake Bentley, 158 Sanskrit, 89 Seeds, 34, 41, 42, 43, 108 Sidjakov, Nicolas, 158 Snowshoes, 108 Santa Claus, 8 Seelisberg Tunnel, 87 Sierra Leone, 64, 135 Snowy Day, The, 158 Santa Fe, New Mexico, 96, 130 Seikan Tunnel, 87 Sierra Nevadas, 28, 106 So You Want to be President? 158 Santiago, Chile, 54, 134 Seine River, 48, 136 Sign language, 163, 109 Soapstone, 108 Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, Seismograph, 85 Sikorsky, Igor, 84 Socialism, 121 55 Selassie, Haile Silk, 70 Socrates, 71, 81 São Tomé & Principé, 64, 135 See Haile Selassie I Silurian Period, 26 Sodium, 32, 43, 227 São Paulo, Brazil, 103, 134 Seminole tribe, 109 Silver, 32, 33, 153 Sofia, Bulgaria, 53, 136 Sapphire, 10, 30 See also Osceola Silver Strand waterfall, 47 Soil, 21, 37, 29, 34 Sarah, Plain and Tall, 159 Senate, 126, 127 Simont, Marc, 158 Solar eclipse, 17 Saratoga, New York, 143 (time line) See also Congress; Glenn, John, Jr. Simplon I & II tunnels, 87 Solar system, 14-15, 18, 227 Sardonyx, 10 Sendak, Maurice, 158 Sin, 90 Solar wind, 15 Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina, 52, Seneca tribe, 109 Sinatra, Frank, 81 Solid, 33 136 Senegal, 64, 135 Singapore, 64, 68, 137 Solomon Islands, 65, 68, 138 Satellites, 18 Senses and sense organs, 40 Singer, Isaac, 82 Solstice, 12 moons, 15, 16-17 Sentences, 166, 167, 168 Single Shard, 159 See Summer; Winter (first day of) Saturn, 14, 15, 9, 17, 18 Seoul, South Korea, 59, 137 Sioux tribe, 109, 229 Somalia, 65, 135 Saudi Arabia, 64, 68, 47, 135 Sequoia National Park, 107 See also Gall; Sitting Bull; Crazy Somaliland, French Sauk tribe, 109 Sequoia trees, 36, 107, 26 Horse; Deloria, Vine, Jr. See Djibouti See also Black Hawk Sequoyah, 81 Sirius, 13 Song, 124 Sawyer, Ruth, 159 See also Cherokee Indians Sitting Bull, 81 state songs, 92-100 Sax, Adolphe, 85 Serbia, 64, 228 See also Sioux Indians Song and Dance Man, 158 Saxophone, 85 Seredy, Kate, 159 Sivrac, Comte Mede de Song of the Swallows, 158 Say, Allen, 158 Seward, William H., 81 See de Sivrac, Comte Mede Sonoran Desert, 107 Scale of miles, 141 Sewing machine, 82, 85 Size Soo Canal, 86 Scandinavia, 68 Seychelles, 64, 135, 133 of stars, 13 Sorensen, Virginia, 159 See also individual countries Shackleton, Sir Ernest Henry, 81 of sun & planets (diameter), 14, 15 Soto, Hernando de Schedules, 143 Shadow, 158 of moon, 16 See De Soto, Hernando Schist, 30 Shadow of a Bull, 159 of atoms, 32 Soule, John, 122 Schoenherr, John, 158 Shah Jahan, 87 of animals and plants, 36 Sound, 22, 31, 36, 227 Schönbein, Christian, 82 Shakespeare, Tales from, 160 measurement of, 204-205 music, 194-195 Schubert, Franz, 80 Shakespeare, William, 74, 81, 173 Skeleton, 38 Sounder, 159 Schulz, Charles, 81 Shale, 30 Skin, 34, 41-43 Sousa, John Philip, 81 Schumann, Robert, 81 Shamrock, 6 use by native Americans, 108-109 South Africa, Republic of, 65, 135, Schwarzkopf, Norman, 81 Shanghai, China, 103, 139 Skis, water 228 Schweitzer, Albert, 81 Shannon, Monica, 159 See Water skis See also Mandela, Nelson; Tutu, Science, 12-44 Shark, 26, 35, 36 Skopje, Macedonia, 60, 136 Desmond measurement, 204-205 Shavuot, 8 Sky, 13 South America, 48, 49, 25, 48, 50, projects, 226 Shawnee tribe, 109 Skylab, 18 68, 140 library classification, 145 See also Tecumseh Skyscrapers, 88, 229, 230 countries of, 51-68 Science Projects, 226 Sheep, 11, 36, 37 Slate, 30 map of, 134, 48 Scorpions, 35 Shellfish, 26, 35 Slave Dancer, The, 159 See also Continents Scotland, 68, 85 Shelter, of native Americans, 108-109 Slavery, 69, 75, 125 South Carolina, 98, 100, 74, 104, 111, See also United Kingdom Shen of the Sea, 159 abolished, 118 (Amendment 13) 116, 128, 131 Screw, 31 Shenandoah National Park, 107 by native Americans, 108 South China Sea, 47, 137, 138 Screw propeller Shepard, Alan B., Jr., 18 See also Lincoln, Abraham South Dakota, 98, 100, 88, 104, 107, See Propeller, screw Shiite Muslim, 90 Sleet, 21 130 Scuba gear, 85 Shiloh, 159 Slobodkin, Louis, 158 South Pole, 140, 9, 12, 24 Scurvy, 42 Shimao Intl. Plaza, 88 Slovakia, 64, 136, 228 See also Amundsen, Roald Sea, 47, 49, 129-138, 228 Shin Kanmon Tunnel, 87 Slovenia, 64-65, 68, 228, 136 Southeast Asia, 68, 47, 48, 89 Sea urchin, 35 Shintoism, 90 Small, David, 158 See also individual countries Seafood, 43 Shock, 210-211 Smallpox Southeast trade winds, 24 See also Fish; Shellfish Sholes, C. Latham, 85 See Vaccines Southern Cameroons Seal Shooting stars Smith, John, 81 See Nigeria of the U.S., 125 See Falling stars See also Jamestown Southern Cross, 13 presidential, 208 Shopping cart, 85 Smith, John Stafford, 124 Southern hemisphere, 140, 12 Seal (animal), 35, 36, 108 Shoshone tribe, 108 Smith, Joseph, 81 rotation of winds, 22 Seaman, Elizabeth Cochrane See also Sacagawea Smoking Southern lights, 20 See Bly, Nellie Shrew, 35 See Tobacco Southern Ocean, 46, 228 Search and seizure, 117 (Amend. 4) Shrimp, 35 Smoky Night, 158 Southern Rhodesia Sears Tower, 88 Shulevitz, Uri, 158 Smoky the Cowhorse, 159 See Zimbabwe Seasons, 12, 2, 7, 8, 24 Shun Hing Square, 88 Snail, 26 Southwest Africa Seattle, Washington, 103, 130 Shuttle, flying, 85 Snake, 11, 35, 36 See Namibia Second in time, 2, 199 Siam See also Indian python Southwesterly winds, 24 leap second, 227 See Thailand Snow, 21, 23, 24 Soviet Union (U.S.S.R), 68, 75, 18, Secret Garden, The, 160 Siberia, 47, 137 Snow leopard, 37 228 Continued on p. 246 246 Index

SOVIET UNION THIRD WORLD Soviet Union (U.S.S.R), cont. Staple food, 229, 108-109 Summer of the Swans, 159 Taxes See also Russia; Armenia; Star of David, 89 Sun, 2, 9, 12, 13, 14-15, 16-17, 24, 29, constitutional provision for, 113- Azerbaijan; Belarus; Estonia; Star Spangled Banner, 124 31, 34, 74, 82, 90, 227 114 (Article 1, Section 8), 118 Georgia, Republic of; Kazakhstan; See also Key, Francis Scott and Vitamin D, 42 (Amendment 16) Kyrgystan; Latvia; Lithuania; Starfish, 35 escape from gravity, 17 Tblisi, Rep. of Georgia, 56, 137 Moldova; Tajikistan; Turkmenistan; Stars, 13, 17, 227 Sun dance, 109 Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich, 81 Ukraine; Uzbekistan Stars and Stripes, 124, 7 Sunflower seeds, 42, 43 Tea, 42, 143 Soybeans, 43 State, Secretary of, 127 Sunni Muslim, 90 Teasdale, Sara, 81 Soyuz, 18 States, Confederate, 100 Superior, Lake, 46, 106 131 Tectonic plates, 25, 27, 29 Space, 13-18 See also Davis, Jefferson See also Isle Royale National Park Tecumseh, 81 See also Moon States of U.S., 92-100, 124, 130-131, Supreme Court, 127 See also Shawnee Indians Space Age, 18, 75 229 See also Marshall, Thurgood Teepee, 108, 109 Space shuttle, 18 States rights, 114 (Sections 9 & 10), Surgery Teeth, 41-43 Spain, 65, 74 136 117 (Amendment 10) See Antiseptic Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 57, 129, 134 See also Spanish language Statue of Liberty, 124-125 Suriname, 65, 134 Teheran, Iran, 58, 135, 137 Spangler, James Murray, 85 Steam engine, 75, 85 Sutherland Falls, 47 Telegraph, 85, 163 Spanish-American War, 75 Steam locomotive Suva, Fiji, 56, 138 Telephone, 75, 85, 155 Spanish language, 9 See Locomotive, steam Swan, 36 time zones, 3 origins of state names, 92-96 Steamship, 82, 85 Swaziland, 65, 135 etiquette, 213-214 Speare, Elizabeth George, 159 Steel, 227 Sweden, 65, 68, 83, 84, 85, 86, 136 Telescope, 85, 17 Species, 35, 37, 230 Steig, William, 158 Sweet Pea, 10 Teletype, 153 Spectrum, 196 Stethoscope, 85 Switzerland, 65, 82, 85, 87, 88, 136 Television, 75, 85, 18, 31 Speech, freedom of, 117 Stevenson, Robert Lewis, 160 Syllables, 150 Telstar I, 18 (Amendment 1) Stock market, 75 Sylvester & the Magic Pebble, 158 Temperance Speech making, 217 in newspaper, 153 Symbols See Prohibition; Nation, Carry See also Library research report Stockholm, Sweden, 65, 136 holiday, 6-8 Temperate zone, 24 Speeches, 123 Stomach, 40 chemical, 32 Temperature, 23, 24, 205, 35 Speed Stone, Harlan F., 127 religious, 89-90 of sun and planets, 14-15 of earth’s rotation, 9 Stone, Marvin, 85 of America, 124-125 on moon, 16 of earth’s revolution, 12 Storebaelt Bridge, 86 in maps, 141 of layers of atmosphere, 20 of light, 13, 22, 227 Storms, 22-23 in graphs, 143 wind chill, 21 of sun around Milky Way, 13 Story A Story, 158 in phonetic spelling, 150 of earth’s core, 25 of planets, 15, 227 Story of Mankind, The, 159 hieroglyphics, Chinese, 162 to refine oil shale, 30 needed to escape gravity, 17 Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 81 mathematical, 198 melting/freezing, 33 wind speed and temperature, 21 Strait of Gibraltar, 135, 136 Synagogue, 89 calorie measurement, 44 of sound, 22, 227 Stratocumulus clouds, 20 Synonyms, 151, 150 Temperature map, 142 of winds, 22, 23, 227 Stratosphere, 20 Synthesizer, 85, 195 Temple, Shirley, 81 of electrons, 32 Stratus clouds, 20 Syria, 65, 68, 135 Tennessee, 98, 100, 102, 105, 131 of animals, 36, 227 Strauss, Johann, 81 Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 81 Spelling, 173-175, 169, 150 Strauss, Levi, 83 Taback, Simms, 158 Tephra, 27 homophones, 170-172 Strauss, Richard, 81 Tables (graphic aids), 143 Teresa, Mother, 81 adding endings, 179, 180 Stravinsky, Igor, 81 Taft, William H., 128, 127, 81 Tereshkova, Valentina V., 18, 81] phonetic spelling, 150 Strawberry Girl, 159 Taipei, Taiwan, 66, 137 Terrorist, 75 Sperry, Armstrong, 159 Straws, drinking, 85 Taipei 101, 88 See also bin Laden, Osama Sphinx, 70 Stringed instruments, 195 Taiwan, 66, 68, 86, 88, 90, 137 Tertiary Period, 26 Spica, 13 Stroke, 44 Taj Mahal, 87 Tesla, Nikola, 84 Spices, 43 Stromboli, 28 Tajikistan, 66, 68, 88, 137 Tests, 223 Spiders, 35 Strontium, 32 Tale of Despereaux, 159 Texas, 98-99, 100, 18, 23, 86, 101, Spier, Peter, 158 Structures, 86-88 Tales from Shakespeare, 160 103, 104, 105, 109, 128, 130 Spilsbury, John, 84 Studying, 221 Tales from Silver Lands, 159 See also Houston, Samuel; Dallas; Spinal cord, 40 Sturgeon, William, 83 Tales of Mother Goose, 160 Houston Spinelli, Jerry, 159 Subatomic particles, 32 Tales of Peter Rabbit, 160 Thailand, 66, 68, 137 Spinning, inventions, 85 Submarine, 46, 85 Tallahassee, Florida, 93, 131 Thames River, 48 Sponges, 35, 26 Subtraction, 200 Tallinn, Estonia, 56, 136 Thanksgiving, 8, 74 Spring, 7, 12, 24 Sudan, 65, 68, 135 Talmud, 89 Thatcher, Margaret, 81 goddess of, 11 Suez Canal, 86 Tamborine, 195 THC, 44 See also Ground Hog Day Suffixes, 178 Tanganyika The Center (skyscraper), 88 Spring tides, 16 rules for adding, 173, 179-180 See Tanzania Theater Springfield, Illinois, 94, 131 Suffrage Tanganyika, Lake, 46, 135 See Drama Sputnik I, 18 black, 118 (Amendment 15) Tanzania, 66, 228, 135 Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Spyri, Johanna, 160 women, 119 (Amendment 19) Tao Te Ching, 90 107 Squanto, 81 youth, 120 (Amendment 26) Taoism, 90, 71 Thermometer, 205, 21, 23, 85 Squash, 109, 229 Sugar, 33, 34, 41, 44, 109 Tape recorder, 85 Thermosphere, 20 Sri Lanka, 65, 3, 89, 137 Suicide, 44 Tarawa, Kiribati, 58, 138 Thesaurus, 151, 221 Stalin, Joseph, 121, 81 Sukkot, 8 Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 67, 137 They Were Strong and Good, 158 Stamp Act, 143 (time line) Sulfur, 32 Tasman Sea, 47, 138 Thiamine, 42 Standardized tests, 223 Sulu Sea, 47, 137, 138 Tatara Bridge, 86 Thimble Summer, 159 Stanley, Henry Morton, 81, 48 Sumatra, 49, 137 Taylor, Mildred D., 159 Thimonnier, Barthélemy, 82 Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 81 Summer, 7, 12, 24 Taylor, Zachary, 128, 81 Thimphu, Bhutan, 52, 137 Third World, 68 Index 247

THOMSON VOLUME Thomson, Sir Joseph J., 82 Travel, time zones, 3 Tyrrhenian Sea, 47, 136 Van Buren, Martin, 128, 81 Thomson, Robert W., 85 Travers, Pamela L., 160 Vandals, 72 Thor, 9 Travois, 109 Uganda, 66-67, 135 Van Gogh, Vincent, 81 Thoreau, Henry David, 81 Treasure Island, 160 Ukraine, 67, 68, 136, 137 Van Loon, Henrik, 159 Thorpe, Jim, 81 Treasury, Secretary of, 127 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 61, 137 Vanuatu, 67, 68, 138 Three Pigs, 158 Treble clef, 194 Ultraviolet light, 196 Veal, 41 Thunder, 22, 31 memorization of notes, 222 Ulu, 108 Vega, 13 gods of, 9 Tree is Nice, A, 158 Umiak, 108 Vegetables, 41, 42, 43, 142 Thyroid, 43 Trees, 36, 26 Uncle Sam, 125 Veins, 39 Ticks, 35 state trees, 92-100 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Velcro, 85 Tides, 16 Christmas tree, 8 See Soviet Union Venezuela, 67, 47, 134 Tiger, 11, 37 Trenton, New Jersey, 96, 131 Unions, 7 See also Bolívar, Simón Time, 2, 3, 199, 221 Trevino, Lee, 81 See Walesa, Lech; Chavez, Cesar Venison, 41 in music, 195 Trevithick, Richard, 84 United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), 67, Venus, 15, 9 for least expensive phone calls, 155 Trial by jury, 117 (Amendments 6, 7) 68, 88, 135 Verbs, 180-181, 150 Time line, 70-75, 143, 228 Triangles, 204, 207 United Kingdom, 67, 68, 120, 136 verb-forming suffixes, 178 Time Magazine, 154 Triassic Period, 26 See also England; Great Britain; Verenia Tunnel, 87 Time of Wonder, 158 Trilobites, 26 Scotland; British Vermont, 99, 100, 128, 131 Time zones, 3, 140, 230 Trinidad and Tobago, 66, 132, 134 United Press International (UPI), 153 Vernal equinox, 12, 7 Timor Sea, 47, 137, 138 Tripitika, 89 United Nations, 68, 230 Verne, Jules, 160 Tin, 32, 33 Tripoli, Libya, 59, 135 United States, 67, 3, 18, 44, 50, 68, Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, 86 Tiranë, Albania, 51, 136 Trombone, 195 69, 143 (table), 144, 129-131, 229 Vertebrates, 35, 26 Tire, pneumatic, 85 Tropic of Cancer, 12, 24, 7 climate, 24 Vertical file, 144, 145 Titan, 17 Tropic of Capricorn, 12, 24, 8 history, 74-75, 143 (time line) Vespucci, Amerigo, 81 Tito, Josip Broz, 81 Tropical storms holidays of, 6-8 Vesuvius, 28 Tiw, 9 See Hurricanes; Monsoon rains notable people, 76-81 Veterans’ Affairs, Secretary of, 127 Tlingit tribe, 108 Tropics, 24 inventors, 83-85 Veterans Day, 8 Toad, 35 Troposphere, 20 structures, 86-88 Vettisfoss Waterfall, 47 Tobacco, 44, 142 Trotsky, Leon, 81 religions, 89-90 Vibration, 194-195 Tobago Trucial States rivers, 48 Vice President of U.S., 127 See Trinidad and Tobago See United Arab Emirates cities, 101-103, 229 See also Cheney, Richard; Burr, Toboggan, 108 Truman, Harry, 128, 81, 122 National Parks, 104-107 Aaron Tofu, 41 Trumpet, 195 native Americans, 108-109 Victoria Falls, 47 Togo, 66, 135 Trumpeter of Krakow, The, 159 government, 110-121, 126-127 Victoria, Lake, 46, 135 Tokyo, Japan, 103, 58, 3, 137 Truth, Sojourner, 81 symbols of, 124-125 Victoria Island, 49, 129 Toledo, Ohio, 131, 141 Ts’ai Lun, 84 presidents, 128 Victoria, Seychelles, 64, 135 Tolkien, J. R. R., 157, 160 Tsimshian tribe, 108 periodicals in, 154 Vienna, Austria, 51, 136 Tom Sawyer, 160 Tsing Ma Bridge, 86 money, 208 Vientiane, Laos, 59, 137 Tomatoes, 42 Tuba, 195 Universal time, 3 Vietnam, 67, 68, 75, 137 Ton (measurement), 204-205 Tubman, Harriet, 81 Universe, 13, 89 Vietnam War, 75 Tonga, 66, 68, 133 Tucson, Arizona, 103, 130 Up a Road Slowly, 159 See also Ho Chi Minh; Tools, 69 Tuesday (book), 158 Upper Volta Westmoreland, William invention of, 83-85 Tull, Jethro, 85 See Burkina Faso View from Saturday, 159 of native Americans, 108-109 Tulsa, Oklahoma, 103, 130 Upper Yosemite Falls, 47 Viking, 72 Toothbrush, 85 Tungsten, 32 Uranium, 32, 33 Villa, Pancho, 81 Topaz, 10, 30 Tunis, Tunisia, 66, 135 Uranus, 15, 18 Vilnius, Lithuania, 60, 136 Topeka, Kansas, 94, 130 Tunisia, 66, 135 Urban areas, 103, 228, 229 Vinson, Frederick M., 127 Topographical map, 142 Tunnels, 87 See also Cities Vinson Massif, 49, 50 Torah, 89 Tuntex Sky Tower, 88 Uruguay, 67, 134 Viola, 195 Tornado, 22, 23 Turbines, 31 Usage, word, 182, 212 Violet (flower), 10 Torricelli, Evangelista, 83 Turkey, (animal), 8, 41 U.S.S.R. Violin, 195 Totalitarianism, 121 Turkey (country), 66, 68, 47, 50, 86, See Soviet Union Virgin Islands, 100, 107 Totem pole, 108 135 Utah, 99, 100, 104, 107, 109, 130 Virgin Islands National Park, 107 Tourmaline, 10 Turkmenistan, 66, 68, 137 Ute tribe, 108, 99 Virginia, 99, 100, 74, 103, 107, 111, Township, 204 Turquoise, 10, 30 Uzbekistan, 67, 68, 137 116, 128, 131 Tractor, 85 Turtle, 26, 35 Virginia Beach, Virginia, 103, 131 Traditions Tutankhamen, 70, 81 Vaccines, 85 Visit to William Blake’s Inn, 159 holidays, 6-8 Tutu, Desmond, 81 See also Salk, Jonas Vital statistics, 153 religious, 89-90 Tuvalu, 68, 138 Vacuum, 227 Vitamins, 41, 42, 44, 227 folk literature, 156 TV, 75, 85, 18, 31 Vacuum cleaner, 85, 31 Voice, 195 Trains TV Guide, 154 Vaduz, Liechtenstein, 59 decibel levels, 31 See Railroads Twain, Mark, 81, 160 Valdés Peninsula, 49 Voight, Cynthia, 159 Trampoline, 85 Twenty-One Balloons, 159 Valentine’s Day, 6 Volcanoes, 27-30, 25, 50, 26, 230 Tranquilizers, 44 Twisters, 22 Valium, 44 in National Parks, 104-106 Transpiration, 21 Two Intl. Finance Center, 88 Valletta, Malta, 60 Volga River, 48, 136, 137 Transportation, 31 Tylenol, 44 Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, 143 Volta, Alessandro, 83 inventions, 83-85 Tyler, John, 128, 81 (time line) Volume (measurement), 204-205 of native Americans, 108-109 Typewriter, 85 Valley of 10,000 Smokes of water in rain, 21 bridges, canals, tunnels, 86-87 keyboard, 164 See Katmai National Park of blood pumped in body, 39 Transportation, Secretary of, 127 Typhoons, 22 Van Allsburg, Chris, 158 of air breathed, 39 248 Index

VON BRAUN ZUNI Von Braun, Wernher, 81 Webster, Daniel, 81 Wind diagram, 24 Writing, cont. Vote, right to, 118-120 (Amendments Webster, Noah, 81 Wind in the Willows, 160 research report, 224-225 14, 15, 19, 22, 26) Wedge, 31 Wind instruments, 195 See also Sequoyah Vowels, 162, 164 Week, 2 Windhoek, Namibia, 61, 135 Wyeth, Andrew, 81 Voyager spacecraft, 18 Weight Windward Islands Wyoming, 100, 47, 105, 107, 130 Voyages of Dr. Dolittle, 159 measurement of, 204-205 See Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent & the Voyageurs National Park, 107 on moon, 17 Grenadines X rays, 82 Vulture, 36 of water, 21, 46, 228 Winnie the Pooh, 157, 160 Xerography (copy machine), 85 of air, 23 Winnipeg, Lake, 46, 129 Xiaowan Dam, 88 Wages of largest hailstone, 23 Winter, 8, 12, 24 See Income atomic weight, 32 See also Ground Hog Day Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire, 54, 135 Wagner, Richard, 81 of animals, 36 Wire services, 153 Yang, 90 Wales, 68 of muscles in body, 38 Wireless Yangtze Kiang River, 48, 137 See also United Kingdom of food eaten in lifetime, 40 See Radio Yaoundé, Cameroon, 53, 135 Walesa, Lech, 81 of brain, spinal cord, 40 Wisconsin, 99-100, 69, 102, 131 Yaqui tribe, 109 Walk Two Moons, 159 of Liberty Bell, Statue of Liberty, 124 Wisniewski, David, 158 Yates, Elizabeth, 159 Walker, Fred, 85 Weisgard, Leonard, 158 Witch of Blackbird Pond, 159 Year, 2, 6, 10, 11, 12, 199 Wall of China, 71 Weisner, David, 158 Woden, 9 of planets, 15 Wall Street crash Weiss, Ehrich Wojciechowska, Maia, 159 See also Calendar See Stock Market See Houdini, Harry Wolves, 37 Year Down Yonder, 159 Waltz Welland Ship Canal, 86 Woman’s Day (magazine), 154 Yearbook, 149 See Strauss, Johann Wellington, New Zealand, 62, 138 Women Yearling, The, 160 Wampanoag Indians Wellington, Duke of, 81 in space, 18 Yeast, 37, 42 See Massasoit; Philip, King See also Waterloo; Napoleon right to vote, 119 (Amendment 19) Yellow pages, 155 Wampum belts, 109 Bonaparte See also Human being Yellow River, 48, 131 War, 74, 75 Wells, H. G., 160 Wonder, Stevie, 81 Yellow Sea, 47, 137 holidays, 7, 8 West Virginia, 99, 100, 131 Woodchuck Yellowstone National Park, 104, 107 gods of, 9 Western hemisphere, 140, 50 See Ground Hog Day See also Lower Yellowstone Falls War of 1812, 75, 124, 125, 144 Westing Game, 159 Woodwinds, 195 Yeltsin, Boris N., 81 War of the Worlds, 160 Westinghouse, George, 81, 83 Word problems, 198 Yemen, 67, 68, 228, 135 Ward, Lynd K., 158 Westmoreland, William, 81 Words Yerevan, Armenia, 51, 137 Warm blooded, 35 Whale, 36, 37, 26, 108, 227 dictionary, 150 Yin & Yang, 90 Warm front, 22 Wheat, 43 mini-thesaurus, 151 Yogi, 89 Warren, Earl, 127 Wheatley, Phillis, 81 homophones, 170-172 Yogurt, 41, 43 Warsaw, Poland, 63, 136 Wheel and axle, 31 spelling, 169, 173-175 Yom Kippur, 8 Washington (state), 99, 100, 23, 28, Wheel of Life, 89 roots, prefixes, suffixes, 176-178 Yosemite Falls, Upper, 47 86, 88, 103, 106, 107, 130, 229 Wheel on the School, 159 grammar and usage, 179-182 Yosemite National Park, 107 Washington, Booker T., 81 Where the Lilies Bloom, 160 Wordsworth, William, 81 See also Yosemite Falls, Upper Washington, D.C., 103, 67, 100, 123, Where the Red Fern Grows, 160 World Young, Brigham, 81 126-127, 144, 129, 131 Where the Wild Things Are, 158 statistics, 69, 228 Young, Ed, 158 Washington, George, 128, 6, 81, 116, Whipping Boy, 159 map of, 132-133 Young, John W., 18 143 (time line), 208 Whistler, James McNeill, 81 See Earth; Geography; Geology; Young of animals, 36 See also George Washington Bridge White, E. B., 160 History; Population; Cities; Yugoslavia, 228 Washington Monument, 123 White, Edward D, 127 Countries; Maps; Time zones Yukon River, 48, 129 Washington’s Birthday, 6 White, Edward, II, 18 World history Yung Fu of the Upper Yangtze, 159 Waste, 37 White House, 127 See History Yunnan Dam, 88 Water, 20-21, 33, 46-48, 16, 24, 29, White Sea, 47, 136 World Trade Center, 75, 229 34, 35, 41, 227, 228 White Snow, Bright Snow, 158 World War I, 75, 122, 7, 8 Zagreb, Croatia, 54, 136 tides, 16 White Stag, The, 159 World War II, 75, 122 Zaire Water cycle, 21 Whitman, Walt, 81 See also MacArthur, Douglas See Congo, Democratic Republic of Water Lily, 10 Whitney, Eli, 81, 83 Worms, 35, 26 Zaire River (Congo), 48, 147 Water skis, 85 Whittle, Frank, 84 Wounds, 42, 210-211 Zambia, 67, 88, 135 Water vapor, 21, 23, 33 Why Mosquitoes Buzz in People’s Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, 107 Zanzibar Waterfalls, 47, 107, 228 Ears, 158 Wreaths, 8 See Tanzania Waterless Mountain, 159 Wickiup, 108 Wright Brothers, 75 Zelinsky, Paul O., 158 Waterloo, 75 Wien, Wilhelm, 82 See also Wright, Wilbur; Wright, Zemach, Margot, 158 Waterman, Cameron B., 84 Wiesner, David, 158 Orville Zen Buddhism Watership Down, 160 Wigwam, 109 Wright, Frank Lloyd, 81 See Buddhism Waterspout, 22 Wilder, Laura Ingalls, 157, 160 Wright, Orville, 81, 83 Zimbabwe, 68, 135 Watie, Stand, 81 Wildlife, 104-107 See also Wright Brothers Zinc, 32, 33, 43 Watt, James, 75, 81, 85 See also Animals Wright, Wilbur, 81, 83 Zion National Park, 107 Waves, 29 Wilkins, Roy, 81 See also Wright Brothers Zip Codes, 191 Weapons Willard, Nancy, 159 Wrinkle in Time, 159 of state capitals, 100 invention of, 83-85 Williams, Daniel Hale, 81 Writing, 184-193 See also Addresses right to bear arms, 117 (Amend. 2) Williams, Hank, 81 handwriting, 162 Zipper, 85 Weather, 20-24, 16, 230 Wilson, Woodrow, 128, 81, 122, 208 editing helps, 166-169 Zircon, 10 in newspaper, 153 Wind, 21, 22, 23, 29, 16, 227 writing a speech, 217 Zones Weather map, 22, 142 Wind Cave National Park, 107 interview, 219 time, 3 Weathering of rock, 29 Wind chill, 21 writing notes, 220 climate, 24 Zuni tribe, 109