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Membrane Processes Practice Quiz/AP Biology

Choose the response which best completes the following statements or answers the following questions.

1. If a solution outside a is more concentrated so that the cell loses water to its environment, the external solution is said to be ______to the cell contents. (1.) hypertonic (2.) in equilibrium (3.) isotonic (4.) hypotonic

2. Which mechanism requires energy? (1.) facilitated (2.) (3.) diffusion (4.)

3. Pinching in of fluids by a unicellular organism is the process of (1.) (2.) osmosis (3.) (4.) (5.) facilitated diffusion

4. Certain types of lymphocytes (white blood cells) in the lymph nodes ingest and debris. This function most likely occurs by (1.) exocytosis (2.) (3.) phagocytosis (4.) pinocytosis (5.) facilitated transport

5. Osmosis is a process that (1.) involves the movement of particles from saturated solutions (2.) moves water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, using energy (3.) involves the active transport of dissolved solids (4.) continues until the medium on each side of the has become hypertonic (5.) equalizes the concentration of particles by the movement of water molecules

Use the information below and your knowledge of biology to answer questions 6 through 7 which follow the reading passage.

Each student in a biology laboratory received two solutions. One solution was distilled water. The other was a salt solution with concentrations of salts slightly greater than that of a living cell. The solutions were labeled X and Y, respectively. The students were instructed to place some fresh-water protozoans in each of the solutions and to identify the solutions on the basis of their observations. The protozoans in solution X shriveled. Those in solution Y swelled up and burst.

6. These results indicate that (1.) solution X was salt water (2.) solution Y contained killer protozoans (3.) solution Y was salt water (4.) solution X was distilled water (5.) solution X was tap water

7. The protozoans in solution X shriveled because (1.) an antagonistic substance was placed into the solution (2.) their were more permeable to the passage of water than the organisms in Y (3.) osmotic pressure failed to operate (4.) a disproportionate amount of water diffused from the protozoans (5.) golgi bodies in the test organisms lost their function 8. In pond water, protozoans pump out excess water by means of their (1.) pellicle (2.) trichocyst (3.) (4.) contractile vacuole (5.) pseudopodia

9. Which substance would have normally have the LEAST difficulty crossing a cell membrane? (1.) water (2.) protein (3.) carbohydrate (4.) salt (5.) there would be little difference in any of the above

10. Which requires the chemical energy of the cell to occur? (1.) diffusion (2.) facilitated diffusion (3.) osmosis (4.) active transport (5.) none of the previous

11. A ______protein allows a particular or ion to freely cross the plasma membrane as it enters or exits the cell. (1.) cell-recognition (2.) carrier (3.) receptor (4.) enzymatic (5.) transport or channel

12. A ______protein combines with a substance and helps to move it across the membrane. (1.) carrier (2.) channel (3.) cell-recognition (4.) receptor (5.) enzymatic

13. Which cell process is represented by the diagram below?

(1.) pinocytosis (2.) osmosis (3.) diffusion (4.) exocytosis

14. Which process requires membrane proteins? (1.) exocytosis (2.) phagocytosis (3.) receptor-mediated (4.) pinocytosis

15. What is the term used to describe the movement of any material from high to low concentration called? (1.) facilitated diffusion (2.) equilibrium (3.) osmosis (4.) diffusion (5.) active transport

16. Which substance is important to the structure of the cell membrane because it helps the cell membrane keep its shape? (1.) cellulose (2.) cholesterol (3.) bilayer (4.) protein

17. Which term is used to describe the carrying of molecules across a membrane that does not require energy. (1.) osmosis (2.) facilitated diffusion (3.) active transport (4.) diffusion

18. Most of the cell membrane is made up of fats that are arranged in a (1.) (2.) cholesterol layer (3.) protein layer (4.) none of the above

19. The current theory of the structure of the plasma membrane is best described by the ______model. (1.) sandwich (2.) fluid-mosaic (3.) unit membrane (4.) electrochemical (5.) unipermeable

20. If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, which will occur? (1.) Salts will move into the cell from the surrounding solution. (2.) Water will move into the cell from the surrounding solution. (3.) Salts will move out of the cell into the surrounding solution. (4.) Water will move out of the cell into the surrounding solution. (5.) None of the above will occur.

21. If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, which will occur? (1.) Salts will move into the cell from the surrounding solution. (2.) Water will move into the cell from the surrounding solution. (3.) Salts will move out of the cell into the surrounding solution. (4.) Water will move out of the cell into the surrounding solution. (5.) None of the above will occur.

22. Freshwater protozoans react to a/an ______environment by removing water through ______(1.) hypertonic, turgor pressure (2.) hypotonic, turgor pressure (3.) isotonic, a contractile vacuole (4.) hypertonic, a contractile vacuole (5.) hypotonic, a contractile vacuole

23. Large amoeboid-type cells, called macrophages, remove bacteria and worn-out red blood cells by a process called (1.) facilitated diffusion (2.) osmosis (3.) exocytosis (4.) phagocytosis (5.) pinocytosis

24. The process by which a vesicle is formed at the plasma membrane to bring substances into the cell is called . (1.) endocytosis (2.) exocytosis (3.) plasmolysis (4.) hemolysis

25. Which type of solution has a lower percentage of solute than the cell? (1.) isotonic solution (2.) hypotonic solution (3.) hypoosmotic solution (4.) hypertonic solution

26. Which structure prevents the plant cell from bursting when placed in a hypotonic solution? (1.) central vacuole (2.) lysosome (3.) Golgi apparatus (4.) cell wall (5.) plasma membrane

27. A ______protein has a specific shape such that only a particular molecule can bind to it. (1.) enzymatic (2.) receptor (3.) cell-recognition (4.) channel (5.) carrier

28. molecules in a membrane are arranged with their ____ on the exterior and their ____ on the interior. (1.) hydrophobic heads ... hydrophilic tails (2.) hydrophilic heads ... hydrophobic tails (3.) nonpolar heads ... polar tails (4.) hydrophobic tails ... hydrophilic heads (5.) hydrophilic heads ... hydrophobic tails

29. In osmosis, water always moves toward the ____ solution: that is, toward the solution with the ____ solute concentration. (1.) isotonic ... greater (2.) hypertonic ... greater (3.) hypertonic ... lesser (4.) hypotonic ... greater (5.) hypotonic ... lesser

30. The concentration of calcium in a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 0.1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium? (1.) passive transport (2.) diffusion (3.) active transport (4.) osmosis (5.) any of the prior methods could be used

31. The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called _____. (1.) diffusion (2.) endocytosis (3.) phagocytosis (4.) active transport (5.) osmosis

32. Which statement best describes phagocytosis? (1.) Cells use this process to export products such as insulin or thyroxine. (2.) A cell engulfs a particle by wrapping pseudopodia around it and packaging it within a vacuole. (3.) Small droplets of extracellular fluid and all the dissolved solutes enter the cell by this process. (4.) Only specific extracellular ligands enter the cell in this fashion. (5.) After entry, the endocytotic vesicle migrates to and fuses with the Golgi apparatus.

33. The secretion of neurotransmitters out of the nerve cell, from small vesicles at the end of the axon, can be considered an example of (1.) exocytosis (2.) endocytosis (3.) phagocytosis (4.) pinocytosis (5.) osmoregulation

34. The transport of molecules of a particular solute from inside an animal cell across the cell membrane to the extracellular fluid always requires energy when (1.) the lipid bilayer is permeable to the solute (2.) the concentration of the solute is higher inside the cell than outside it (3.) the concentration of the solute is lower inside the cell than outside it (4.) a transport protein is involved in the movement of the molecules (5.) the cytoskeleton blocks all available channels

35. If the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in an aqueous solution, that solution is said to be ______to the cell. (1.) hypertonic (2.) subatomic (3.) isotonic (4.) cold and cough tonic (5.) hypotonic

36. Which process is best represented by the diagram below

(1.) endocytosis (2.) active transport (3.) exocytosis (4.) biocytosis

37. enters the blood from the alveoli in the lungs by the process of (1.) phagocytosis (2.) active transport (3.) osmosis (4.) diffusion (5.) facilitated diffusion

Identify the structures on the cell membrane below AND briefly but completely discuss their functions.

Link to the answers for this practice quiz