Cultural Resources Assessment

Submitted to Port of Kingston

December 19, 2019

Remote Ferry Holding Lot

Feasibility Study,

Kingston, Kitsap County

CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION – NOT FOR GENERAL DISTRIBUTION

PERTEET.COM 505 FIFTH AVENUE S, SUITE 300 SEATTLE, WA 98104 206.436.0515

CULTURAL RESOURCES REPORT COVER SHEET I.

Author: Emily Peterson

Title of Report: Cultural Resources Assessment for the Remote Ferry Holding Lot, Kingston, Kitsap County

Date of Report: December 19, 2019

County(ies): Kitsap County Section: 26 Township: 27 North Range: 2 East

Quad: Port Gamble Acres: 10.2

PDF of report submitted (REQUIRED) Yes

Historic Property Export Files submitted? Yes No

Archaeological Site(s)/Isolate(s) Found or Amended? Yes No

TCP(s) found? Yes No

Replace a draft? Yes No

Satisfy a DAHP Archaeological Excavation Permit requirement? Yes # No

DAHP Archaeological Site #: 45KP313

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CULTURAL RESOURCES SHORT REPORT

A. INTRODUCTION

1. Proposed Project Activities and Elements:

The Port of Kingston is conducting a feasibility study to determine if a remote ferry holding lot can be constructed on undeveloped land owned by the Washington Department of Transportation (WSDOT)at Lindvog Road NE and SR 104 (Figures 1 and 2). The lot is intended to ease traffic congestion in Kingston. The Port has contracted with Perteet to conduct a cultural resources assessment of the property as part of the feasibility study. Construction elements are expected to include grading, paving, stormwater management, and installation of signs and lighting.

2. Study Area Vertical and Horizontal Depth of Disturbance:

At this stage the exact extent of disturbance is unknown but the proposed lot would occupy two parcels (1-033 and 1-030) totaling 10.2 acres. Stormwater management work is likely to require the deepest disturbance. Typically trenching for stormwater work can extend up to about six feet below surface (fbs).

3. Project Background Key Information:

Location: Section 26, Township 27 North, Range 2 East, Willamette Meridian Size: 10.2 acres Project Proponent: Port of Kingston Agency Name: Washington State Department of Ecology Regulatory Setting: SEPA (feasibility study—ultimate funding sources unknown at this time) Survey Personnel: Emily Peterson, Melissa Ayvaz, Ryan Robinson, Nick DePalma, Joss Whittaker Survey Date: November 18-19, 2019 Report Author: Emily Peterson Report Date: December 18, 2019 Other Individuals/ Dennis Lewarch, THPO, Suquamish Tribe Organizations:

B. NATURAL AND CULTURAL SETTING

1. Natural Setting:

Geology and Geomorphology The project area is in the Puget Lowland geographic province where landforms were shaped by a combination of repeated glacial advances and retreats during the Pleistocene (1.8 million to about 10,000 years ago), followed by subsequent Holocene fluvial processes (Booth et al. 2004; Easterbrook 1992; Porter and Swanson 1998). The Puget lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet covered the Kingston area by about 17,400 years before present (BP) and reached its maximum extent near Tenino during the Vashon Stade of the Fraser Glaciation at approximately 14,000 BP. (Booth et al. 2003, Kovanen and Slaymaker 2004, Porter and Swanson 1998; Thorson 1980). Glaciation blocked northward-flowing streams, dammed valleys, and formed proglacial lakes as ice sheets

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Figure 1. Project location.

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Figure 2. Aerial photo showing the project area an the location of archaeological site 45KP313.

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advanced, causing, glacial scouring, and deposition of advance outwash, till, and recessional outwash (Porter and Swanson 1998).

As the glacier shrank northward, glacial till and outwash were deposited over the Puget Trough, forming a drift upland plain between the Olympic and Cascade mountain ranges estimated at up to 3,700 feet (1,100 m) thick in the Seattle area (Thorson 1980). As the ice sheet melted from the Strait of Juan de Fuca about 13,500 years ago, marine waters inundated the Puget Lowland before isostatic uplift from removal of the weight of the ice began (Dethier et al. 1995; Easterbrook 2003; Kovanen and Slaymaker 2004). By 11,500 years ago, isostatic rebound outpaced global sea level rise, and as a result, the land was lifted to 40 meters above present sea level (apsl) near Everett, and sea level in the Puget Lowland dropped to about 60 meters below present sea level (bpsl). Around 8000 to 7000 BP, sea levels began to rise, drowning those early Holocene shorelines. By 5000 BP, sea level was within 6.5 to 16 feet (2 to 5 m) of present level (Clague et al. 1982).

Soils in the project area are mapped as Poulsbo-Ragnar complex and Ragnar –Poulsbo complex. These are closely related soil units that form from glacial outwash parent material on terraces or moraines and vary primarily in abundance of gravels (Natural Resources Conservation Service 2019). Recent geotechnical investigation of the project area identified unweathered glacial till at two to four feet below the ground surface below 12 to 18 inches of weathered till (Chad McMullen, Terracon personal communication). Geotechnical and archaeological investigations in the project area in 1999 identified four stratigraphic units with an organic silty sand to sand surface layer up to 30-60 centimeters thick overlying as advance glacial deposit and a glacially over-consolidated deposit (Bard and McClintock 1999).

Carpenter Creek, a groundwater fed stream, currently flows from Carpenter Lake, approximately one-half mile west of the project area, to the Carpenter Creek Estuary, a saltmarsh along Appletree Cove approximately one- half mile to the southwest. An 1860 GLO map shows the creek passing through the southwest corner of the project area (Figure 3). Historical maps show the creek in this position through the 1940s, but a 1953 USGS shows the creek in its present position, west of the project area (Figure4). It was most likely re-routed as part of road work on route 104. The creek channel was further modified in 1959 with the installation of a small culvert under South Kingston Road, which was recently replaced by a concrete bridge (WDFW 2016).

Flora and Fauna

The area was once covered with extensive stands of coniferous forest that comprise the Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock) vegetation zone. The dominant species in this zone are western hemlock, western red cedar (Thuja placata), and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Old growth forest understories are typically dense, consisting of shrubs and herbaceous species dominated by sword fern (Polystichum munitum), salal (Gaultheria shallon), Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium), ocean spray (Holodiscus discolor), blackberry (Rubus ursinus), red huckleberry (Vaccinium parviforlium), and red elderberry (Sambucus racemose) (Franklin and Dyrness 1973). Bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum) and red alder (Alnus rubra) are common in moist areas subject to disturbance; stream courses and flood plains are dominated by red alder, black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), bigleaf maple, and other riparian plants. Wetlands are common in river and creek valleys and typically support willow (Salix spp.), alder (A. rubra), cranberries (Viburnum spp.), cattail (Typha latifolia), reeds (Phramites australis), wapato (Sagittaria latifolia), nettles (Urtica dioica), and skunk cabbage (Lysichiton americanus).

Prior to modern development, the immediate project vicinity would have provided a range of habitats supporting large terrestrial mammals like deer, elk, black bear, and mountain lion. Habitats also supported smaller fur bearing mammals, including rabbit, wolf, muskrat, beaver, mink, coyote, raccoon, and bobcat and gained great

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Figure 3. GLO map, 1860, showing project area and the old creek channel.

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Figure 4. Location of Carpenter Creek from historical maps 1860 to present.

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economic importance during the fur trade era and again during the economic depressions of the early twentieth century. Historically, salmon have been a singularly important species for Native American populations. Carpenter Creek provided riparian habitat near, or possibly within, the project area. The stream is currently used by coho (Onchorhynchus kisutch), chum (Onchorhynchus keta), cutthroat trout (Onchorhynchus clarkii), and Chinook (Onchorhynchus tshawytscha). Other important fish and shellfish species include Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi), surf smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus), Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus), clams, oyster (Ostrea lurida), geoduck (Panopea generosa), and Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister).

2. Cultural Setting

Archaeological evidence indicates that humans arrived in the Pacific Northwest at the end of the Pleistocene glaciation over 14,000 years before present, when the modern landscape, climate, and vegetation reached conditions favorable for human occupation. Following the retreat of the continental ice sheet, geomorphic, geologic, and climatic processes continued to shape the landscape, affecting the potential distribution of resources available for human use and creating landforms suitable for their settlement. These processes have also altered the archaeological record itself by selectively preserving or destroying sites that record earlier lifeways. Human modifications that began with Euroamerican settlement have continued to radically alter the landscape, removing or burying earlier remains of pre-contact land use and historical development in response to economic, technological, and demographic changes.

Pre-Contact Culture History The earliest evidence of human presence in Washington comes from distinctive projectile points and stone tools believed to be associated with highly mobile Paleoindian groups adapted to hunting large fauna such as mammoth and mastodon (Martin 1973; Meltzer and Dunnell 1987). Materials from this period are rare in Washington, known from widely separated isolated finds (Meltzer and Dunnell 1987). Evidence for this includes the Manis Mastodon Site near the town of Sequim, approximately 30 miles northwest of the project, where extinct bison and mastodon remains were found in possible association with cultural remains (Gustafson and Manis 1984; Kirk and Daugherty 1978). Radiocarbon dating and DNA analysis confirmed that a mastodon rib on the site was associated with the other remains and is dated to 13,800 years ago (Waters et al. 2011). A fluted point was found in at the Luckey Site near Bremerton, approximately twenty miles south of the project area (Stein et al. 2004; LeTourneau 2010). More recently, large concave, unfluted projectile point bases were found beneath peat radiocarbon dated to 8420 B.P. to 12,820 B.P. at the Bear Creek Site in Redmond, approximately 20 miles southeast of the project area (Kopperl 2016).

The period from about 8000 to 5000 B.P. is characterized by sites referred to as “Olcott” after the type site in Snohomish County and referred to in adjacent areas as “Old Cordilleran” or “Early Lithic” (Butler 1961; Fladmark 1982; Kidd 1964). The distinctive Olcott large, leaf-shaped and stemmed points and cobble and flake tools, often made of heavily weathered volcanic rock like dacite or basalt, are usually found inland on raised terraces where human occupation likely became established as landforms stabilized during the middle Holocene (Carlson 1990; Mattson 1985). Beginning about 5000 B.P., sites in the Puget Sound region appear to represent increased population with more complex socioeconomic organization. Ground stone and tools of bone, antler, and shell associated with fishing and plant processing become more common and increasingly diversified. The developing importance of woodworking is evident in the presence of tools such as adzes, wedges, and mauls (Ames and Maschner 1999; Matson and Coupland 1995).

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Beginning about 5000 BP, sites in the Puget Sound region appear to represent increased population with more complex socioeconomic organization. Favored areas for settlement and resource gathering were littoral, riverine, and estuarine locations where today sites may lie under deep fill (Hudson et al. 2005). Ground stone and tools of bone, antler, and shell associated with fishing and plant processing become more common and increasingly diversified. The developing importance of woodworking is evident in the presence of tools such as adzes, wedges, and mauls (Ames and Maschner 1999; Matson and Coupland 1995). As the climate and sea level stabilized through the Holocene, local populations became increasingly reliant on marine resources and anadromous fish, gradually shifting to semisedentary subsistence patterns marked by the seasonal round (Matson and Coupland 1995). Development of more fully marine‐oriented cultures is apparent after 2500 BP. Archaeological sites from this later period generally consist of three primary types: residential base camps, temporary camps, and special use sites. Large semisedentary populations occupied cedar plank houses located at river mouths and confluences and on protected shorelines (Ames and Maschner 1999; Blukis Onat 1987; Fladmark 1982; Matson and Coupland 1995). These sites are often marked by large shell middens located near the modern shoreline. Temporary camps represent the exploitation of specific plant and animal resources by small task groups from the residential base camp. Examples of temporary camps include hunting and plant processing sites, represented by lithic debris scatters, projectile points, scraping tools, and fire‐modified rock (FMR) features. Special use sites include lithic and mineral quarries, peeled cedars, and spiritual sites. The West Point Site Complex (45KI428 and 45KI429), approximately ten miles south of the project area in Seattle was used continuously from ca. 4300 B.P. to 200 B.P. and consists of two main shell midden sites with a rich assemblage that includes stone and bone tools (Larson and Lewarch 1995).

Significant sites from the period between about 1700 B.P. and the historic contact period beginning in the middle of the nineteenth century have also been documented in the region. These include occupation sites in estuarine settings such as the Duwamish No. 1 Site (45KI123) south of downtown Seattle, approximately 13 miles southwest of the project, which revealed cultural materials dating to three main occupation periods between A.D. 15 and A.D. 1600, with evidence of longhouses, mat lodges, fish drying racks, hearths, and food processing features in association with lithic and bone artifacts and faunal remains (Campbell 1981; Hudson et al. 2005).

Ethnography and Ethnohistory Appletree Cove is an important locality for the Suquamish Tribe who named the area Sisxq meaning “a whisper” in the Lushootseed language (Waterman 2001). Kingston was calledQw3iyaq3olb meaning “twisting a writhe to make it flexible” (Waterman 2001). Like many Northwest Coast Indians, the Suquamish relied on fishing from local rivers, creeks, and the Puget Sound for food (Elfendahl 1997). The Suquamish settled along waterways and at the heads of embayments, living together in large villages of plank longhouses during the winter and widely dispersed in small camps while hunting, fishing, and gathering in the summer (Gibbs 1855; Haeberlin and Gunther 1930; Lane 1974). There were winter villages at Suquamish, Point Bolin, Poulsbo, Silverdale, Chico, Colby, Olalla, Point While, Lynwood Center, Eagle Harbor, Port Madison, and Battle Point (Suquamish Tribe 2015).

During the summer and fall, they stored and smoked berries, plants, and fish for winter consumption. Their resource gathering areas, mainly along beaches and estuaries, supplied five species of salmon, clams, terrestrial mammals, berries, roots, and medicines. They had close ties to the Duwamish and the Puyallup, intermarrying and visiting them frequently (Waterman 2001). The Suquamish also had a large trade network, which they used to obtain resources that were unavailable to them in return for smoked salmon and dried clams. Notable characteristics of Suquamish life included extensive use of storage, seasonal use of specialized resource locations, ascribed social status, and art. Storage may have been associated with aggregated population growth and a ranked society, which became regionally expressed by 1,800 years ago (Ames and Maschner 1999). Archaeologists generally refer to this time period as the Late Period. Late Period shell middens have been

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recorded on the shores of near Kingston. Sites 45KP1 and 45KP18, located on the southern shore of Appletree Cove, are undated shell middens that may represent this period. Waterman recorded the name a point in the vicinity of these sites as DExp3okwi meaning “wild currents” (Waterman 2001).

In the late eighteenth century, the arrival of Euro-American settlers ushered in a period of rapid cultural change and demographic shifts in the Native American population of the region (Boyd 1999). Smallpox and other epidemic diseases often affected native populations even before direct contact (Campbell 1989). The Suquamish were signatories to the Treaty of Point Elliot in 1855, which required Tribes to relinquish traditional territory in return for fishing, hunting, and gathering rights, payment, and non‐monetary benefits such as education and health care. Many Suquamish moved to the Port Madison reservation, established by the Treaty, but some families chose to remain in villages at Elwood, Erland’s Point, Colby, Chico, Phinney Bay, and Bainbridge Island (Suquamish Tribe 2015). In the 1870s, Old Man House, a prominent winter village that had been home to Chief Seattle and Chief Kitsap, was ordered burned by William DeShaw, a U.S. Indian Agent (Lewis 2016; Ruby and Brown 1992; Suquamish Tribe 2015). The destruction of Old Man House was part of a campaign by the U.S. Government to force the assimilation of Native peoples who persisted in their traditional lifeways. Despite this and later harmful U.S. government policies, the Suquamish have maintained traditional arts like weaving, music and have revived Lushootseed through their Traditional Language Program (Suquamish Tribe 2015).

History In 1841 Charles Wilkes led an expedition in the Puget Sound and named Appletree Cove, mistaking the blossoming dogwoods he saw lining the shores for apple trees (Wilma 2006). By 1860, there was a trail or wagon road from running north from Appletree Cove, passing the project area to the east, and continuing toward Port Gamble (GLO 1860). Euroamerican settlement along Appletree Cove began in the 1880s and the townsite was platted in 1890 by Seattle investors C.C. Calkins and Samuel Brierly, who formed the Kingston Land and Improvement Company and planned to develop a summer resort there (Kingston Historical Society 2019). Newspaper announcements that year advertised the new town as “the Jewel City of Puget Sound and the Metropolis of Kitsap County” (Tacoma Daily News 1890: 4).

The protected harbor spurred growth of the community as an important port for shipping lumber from mills on the Peninsula to larger commercial markets in Seattle and Tacoma. By 1909, the Puget Mill Co. owned much of the shoreline of Appletree Cove (Anderson 1909). In 1919, the Port of Kingston purchased and improved a wharf in the location of the current ferry dock (Ott 2010). The public dock was used by the Mosquito Fleet, mostly private steamships operating in the Puget Sound, which served as a primary link between the small, growing communities around the Sound and larger urban centers (Boswell 2017; Johnson 1999). As cars became more common, small car-ferries started to use the Kingston dock. In the 1920s there were car ferry routes between Kingston and Ballard and Kingston and Edmonds.

In the 1950s, the Port of Kingston undertook further development of the harbor with assistance from the Army Corps of Engineers (Ott 2010). Port improvements included dredging in the tidal flat area, spreading the dredge spoils and leveling them. A new ferry dock was built on the dredge spoils, the old, 1907 pier was dismantled, and a new pier and breakwater were built (Osborne 1990).

Land in the project area left the public domain through a homestead claim, proved by Benjamin J. West in 1883 (Figure 5). By 1909, ownership of lands in the project area had transferred to J. Hackett and A. E. Allison (Anderson 1909). Historic aerial photographs of the project area show that by 1941, the west half (parcel 1-033)

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Figure 5. Land claims in the project vicinity.

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had been cleared, and there was a small road or driveway traversing the project area running east-southeast from Route 104 in the northwest and then curving south along the parcel boundary in the center of the project area. No structures are visible in aerial photographs from 1941 and 1951, and none are marked on a 1953 USGS Map. As described above, the Creek which once passed through the southwest corner of the project area was rerouted sometime between 1940 and 1953. A 1977 aerial photograph shows that the project parcels were mostly reforested by this time, as they are today.

3. Previous Studies:

Eleven cultural resources investigations have been conducted within one mile of the project area (Table 1). Bard and McClintock (1999) conducted pedestrian survey and limited subsurface investigations in the project area when WSDOT was planning to develop a park and ride facility there. No cultural resources were identified during this survey but subsurface testing was limited to seven shovel probes. Two investigations were conducted for the Kingston Learning Campus and High School (Trudel and Larson 2004; Trudel et al. 2004). Other cultural resources investigations have been conducted for transportation and infrastructure projects including SR 104 (Robinson 1992; Dellert 2012), Washington Boulevard improvements (Kassa 2017), culvert replacements (Kent 2006; Munsell 2017), the ferry terminal (Hartmann 1998a), a cellular tower (Rooke 2002), and wastewater facilities (Nelson 1994). Projects have also been conducted to evaluate recorded cultural resources including 45KP18 (Hartmann 1998b) and the Nike Battery 92 Launch Area (Hudson 1995).

Table 1. Previous Cultural Resources Investigations Within Approximately 1 Mile of the Project Area. Relation to Results* Author Date Project Project Area Robinson 1992 A Cultural Resources Survey of SR 104: Bond Road to Adjacent to None Kingston Ferry Dock north boundary Nelson 1994 Cultural Resources Investigations for the Proposed 0.44 mi SW Kingston Nike Kingston Wastewater Facilities plan, Kitsap County, and 0.25 mi SE Battery 92 Washington Launch Area Hudson 1995 Evaluation of the Kingston Nike Battery 92 Launch 0.55 mi SW Kingston Nike Area Battery 92 Launch Area Hartmann 1998a A Cultural Resources Survey of the Washington State 0.62 mi SE None Department of Transportation’s Southworth and Kingston Passenger Only Foot Ferry Terminal Projects Hartmann 1998b An Archaeological Assessment of 45KP18, on the 0.63 mi S 45KP18 Arness Property Bard and 1999 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the Kingston Park- Same project None McClintock and-Ride Lot Project area Rooke 2002 Cultural Resources Survey of Cingular Wireless tower 0.38 mi E None site WA-554-1 in Kitsap County, Washington Trudel and 2004 Preliminary Results for the Proposed Kingston 0.35 mi SE Kingston Nike Larson Learning Campus and Kingston High School, Cultural Battery 92 Resources Assessment, Kitsap County, Washington Launch Area

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Relation to Results* Author Date Project Project Area Trudel et al. 2004 Kingston Learning Campus and Kingston High School 0.35 mi SE Kingston Nike Cultural Resources Assessment Battery 92 Launch Area Kent 2006 Cultural Resources Survey for the Carpenter Creek 0.53 mi SW 45KP146 Section 206 Restoration Project Dellert 2012 Final Cultural Resources Assessment for the SR104 0.32 mi SE None Sidewalk and Stormwater Improvement Project Kassa 2017 Cultural Resources Assessment for the Washington 0.5 mi SE The Kingston Boulevard Improvement Project Hotel Munsell 2017 NRCS Cultural Resources Survey for the Susan 0.73 mi S None McClain Project, EQIP 2017 Project

Four sites have been recorded within one mile of the project area (Table 2). Site 45KP18 is the only precontact period archaeological site. It is a shell midden located on private property in the vicinity of a historic homestead near the slough west of Appletree Cove. The site was identified and recorded in 1975 (Lewarch 1975). The other three sites are historical structures. Site 45KP133 is the Kingston Hotel, built in 1890. It is the oldest building remaining in the original townsite plat and is listed on the Washington Heritage Register. The Kingston School House is recorded as 45KP134 and is also listed on the Washington Heritage Register. The four-room school house, built in 1909, is the only one of its kind in the area. Site 45KP146 is the remains of a single stringer log bridge. It has been determined not eligible (Kent 2006). In addition to these historical structures recorded as archaeological sites, ten structures associated with the Nike Missile Site were recorded on an Historic Property Inventory (HPI)(Norman 1994).

Table 2. Previously Recorded Sites Within Approximately 1 Mile of the Project Area. Site No. Relation to Compiler/Date Age Description (45KP-) Project Area 18 Lewarch 1975 Pre-contact Shell midden 0.63 mi S 133 No name 1998 Built 1890 Kingston Hotel, listed on Washington 0.33 mi SE Heritage Register 134 No name 1998 Built 1909 Kingston School House, listed on 0.52 mi SE Washington Heritage Register 146 Kent 2006 Ca. 1900 Bridge remains. Determined not eligible 0.52 SW

C. EXPECTATIONS

Based on its position on an upland glacial landform in close proximity to a protected bay on the Puget Sound and tidal saltmarsh, the project area has moderate potential for buried pre-contact archaeological sites. A review of historical maps and aerial photos suggests that the project area was logged in the early 20th century but was never developed. Therefore, it has low potential for buried historical period cultural resources. Evidence for historical logging suggests that precontact sites, if present, have likely been disturbed. If present, precontact

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archaeological sites would most likely be encountered within approximately 60 centimeters of the surface and would likely have been previously disturbed by historical logging activities.

D. METHODS

Perteet conducted a check of records through DAHP’s Washington Information System for Architectural and Archaeological Records Data (WISAARD) database to update information on previous projects and identified archaeological sites located on or adjacent to the project area. Other background information was collected from available geotechnical reports, ethnographic and historic accounts, and historical maps and photographs.

Background research helped determine the potential for encountering buried archaeological deposits during construction. The research also helped to define areas of previous disturbance with lower archaeological sensitivity. This background information guided field survey, and assisted with analysis, interpretation, and reporting.

The field study consisted of pedestrian survey and photo documentation of the project area and excavation of 50 shovel probes (Figure 6). Probes were approximately 30 meters apart and measured 40 cm (1.3 feet) in diameter. Probes were excavated in the project area to assess subsurface conditions and determine if buried surfaces or deposits bearing cultural material are present. Initially 51 probe locations were selected but one (SP22) was eliminated on the second day of survey, after heavy rain the night before, due to accumulated surface water. Spoils from the probes were screened through ¼-inch wire mesh to identify artifacts. Artifacts identified in the probes were described and reburied in the probe of origin. Notes about content and sediments encountered were kept on standard forms. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates of all shovel probes were recorded with a Trimble hand-held global positioning system (GPS) unit. In addition to identifying cultural resources, areas of previous disturbance in the project area were documented.

E. RESULTS

1. Date(s) of All Field Work Noting the Weather Conditions:

Fieldwork was conducted on November 18-19, 2019 in cool, rainy weather by Emily Peterson, Ph.D., RPA, Melissa Ayvaz, MA, Joss Whittaker, MA, Ryan Robinson, and Nicholas DePalma.

2. Field Conditions:

The project area stretches along the south side of SR 104 north of Lindvog Road. Near the Lindvog intersection, utilities were present at the edge of the Right of Way (Figure 7). In this area the project area slopes unevenly down to the south becoming increasingly wet with vegetation shifting to from mixed cedar and deciduous forest with swordfern and snowberry undergrowth to alder and blackberry in wetland areas (Figure 8). Shallow surface water was present in some areas. Surface visibility was very poor throughout the project area.

The western parcel is slightly elevated relative to the east and rises above SR-104 in the northwest corner. Slopes in the western half of the project area are more regular with three relatively level small upland terraces. The wetland area that covers much of the southern part of the eastern parcel, extends to halfway through the western parcel. West of Apple Jack Lane NE is a dry terrace with second growth trees, grass cover, and several recently excavated shallow pits of unknown origin (Figure 9).

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. Shovel probe locations. 6 Figure Figure

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Figure 7. Lindvog Road intersection showing areas of disturbance from utility installation along the edge of project area.

Figure 8. Typical conditions in the eastern two-thirds of the project area with wetland vegetation in foreground and mixed cedar and deciduous forest cover behind; view west.

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Figure 9. Forested western end of project area with shallow pit showing recent disturbance in foreground; view east.

Small areas lacking undergrowth were observed in several relatively level areas on both parcels, with modern debris on the surface indicating recent use as campsites. In one such location, a rectangular area measuring approximately 2.5 by 4 meters was surrounded by a shallow v-shaped ditch, possibly a prepared tent pad with drainage. Several pillows and modern cans, bottles, and fast-food containers here suggested this campsite was used and probably modified within the last year (Figure 10). Additional indications of recent disturbance include evidence of recent geotechnical test pit excavations and borings, tree tip-ups, and well-worn footpaths crisscrossing the project area.

3. Summary of Shovel Probes:

Terminal depths of shovel probes ranged from 30 to 106 centimeters below surface (cmbs) with an average depth of 70 cmbs. Probes terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposits except where subsurface obstructions like boulders or roots were encountered. Dark brown, organic rich, soil A horizons were encountered in all probes extending to highly variable depths ranging from 6 to 61 cmbs. Typical A horizon soils consisted of dark brown fine to medium sand silt with 5-15% sub-angular to sub-rounded gravels. Similarly constituted, reddish brown to brown soil B horizons were present in most probes extending to an average depth of 44 cmbs (Figure 11). In some cases, soil A horizons directly overlay C horizon glacial material. Bioturbation of the forest soils was frequently observed (Figure 12).

No pre-contact period artifacts were encountered but one probe (SP23) contained historical period artifacts, including glass bottles and jars and rusted metal fragments. Metal fragments were unidentifiable but diagnostic elements were present among the glass artifacts dating the debris scatter to the mid-20th century. One nearly

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Figure 10. Recent campsite in eastern project area surrounded by shallow trench; view west.

Figure 11. Shovel Probe 1, 0-75 cmbs, showing typical A and B horizon soils overlying glacial deposit at 60 cmbs.

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Figure 12. Shovel Probe 17, 0-52 cmbs, showing A horizon directly overlying glacial till.

complete Karo Syrup bottle on the surface next to probe 23 was produced by the Owens-Illinois company and was date stamped 1950. A jar recovered from the probe was heel-embossed “Duraglas” in cursive script. The cursive “Duraglas” embossing was used by Owens-Illinois from 1940-1964 (Lockhart and Hoenig 2015). This debris scatter was recorded on a Washington State Archaeological Inventory Form and filed with DAHP. The site has been assigned Smithsonian number 45KP313 (Appendix C).

F. RECOMMENDATIONS

Archaeological survey of the project area identified one historical debris scatter, now recorded as 45KP313. No formal determination of eligibility by DAHP has been made but 45KP313 has been recommended not eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Nevertheless, Perteet recommends that ground disturbance in this location be avoided. If ground disturbance impacting the site cannot be avoided Perteet recommends that an Inadvertent Discovery Plan (IDP) be developed prior to ground disturbing construction activities. Depending on project funding, additional measures including an excavation permit could be required and should be determined in consultation with DAHP.

G. RESULTS

1. Consultation with Concerned Native American Tribes, SHPO, Local Preservation Personnel, and/or Other Government Agencies:

Perteet contacted Dennis Lewarch, THPO, Suquamish Tribe, to solicit any concerns about cultural resources and to inform them when the field investigation would be taking place (Appendix A).

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H. ATTACHMENTS

1. Appropriate Forms Attached for Each Site: [ X ] Yes Appendix C: 45KP313 Site Form 2. Maps Attached? [ X ] Yes Figures 1-6 3. Photographs Attached? [ X ] Yes Figures 7-12 4. Other Attachments: [ X ] Yes Appendix A: Correspondence, Appendix B: Shovel Probe Table

I. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ames, Kenneth M., and Herbert D. Maschner 1999 Peoples of the Northwest Coast: Their Archaeology and Prehistory. Thames and Hudson, New York.

Anderson Map Company 1909 Plat Book of Kitsap County, Washington. Anderson Map Company, Seattle, Washington.

Bard, James C. and Robin McClintock 1999 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the Kingston Park-and-Ride Lot Project, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for Washington State Ferries by CH2MHill.

Bureau of Land Management (BLM) 2017 General Land Office Record, Township 27 North, Range 2 East. Available at: http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/. Accessed November 25, 2019.

Blukis Onat, Astrida 1987 Draft: Resource Protection Planning Process Identification of Prehistoric Archaeological Resources in the Northern Puget Sound Study Unit. BOAS, Inc., Seattle, Washington.

Booth, D. B., K. G. Troost, J. J. Clague, and R. B. Waitt 2004 The Cordilleran Ice Sheet. In The Quaternary Period in the United States, edited by A. R. Gillespie, S.C. Porter, and B.F. Atwater, pp. 17–43. Elsevier, Seattle.

Booth, Derek B., Kathy Goetz Troost, John J. Clague, and Richard B. Wait 2003 The Cordilleran Ice Sheet. Developments in Quaternary Science 1:17–43.

Boswell, Sharon 2017 King County Historic Settlement Context 1850-1920. King County Cultural Resources Protection Project, Phase 3, Volume 1. SWCA Environmental Consultants, Seattle, Washington.

Boyd, Robert T. 1999 The Coming of the Spirit of Pestilence: Introduced Infectious Diseases and Population Decline among Northwest Coast Indians, 1774-1874. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington.

Butler, B. Robert 1961 The Old Cordilleran Culture in the Pacific Northwest. Occasional Papers No. 5. Idaho State College Museum, Pocatello, Idaho.

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution 19 DECEMBER 19 2019 | CRA FOR THE KINGSTON FERRY HOLDING LOT FEASIBILITY STUDY

Campbell, Sarah K. 1981 The Duwamish No 1 Site: A Lower Puget Sound Shell Midden. Research Report 1. University of Washington Institute for Environmental Studies Office of Public Archaeology, Seattle.

1989 Postcolumbian Culture History in the Northern Columbia Plateau: A.D. 1500-1900. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle.

Carlson, R. L. 1990 History of Research in Archaeology. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 7: Northwest Coast, edited by Wayne P. Suttles, pp. 107–115. William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Clague, J. J., J. E. Armstrong, and W. H. Mathews 1980 Advance of the Late Wisconsin Cordilleran Ice Sheet in Southern British Columbia Since 22,000 Yr B.P. Quaternary Research 13:322–326.

Dellert, Jenny 2012 Final Cultural Resources Assessment for the SR104 Sidewalk and Stormwater Improvement Project, City of Kingston, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for the Kitsap County Department of Public Works by Historical Research Associates, Inc.

Dethier, D. P., F. Pessl Jr., R. F. Keuler, M. A. Balzarini, and D. R. Pevear 1995 Late Wisconsinan Glaciomarine Deposition and Isostatic Rebound, Northern Puget Lowland, Washington. Geological Society of America Bulletin 107(11):1288–1303.

Easterbrook, D. J. 1992 Advance and Retreat of Cordilleran Ice Sheets In Washington, U.S.A. Geographie Physique et Quarternaire 46(1):51–68.

Easterbrook, D. J. 2003 Quaternary Geology of the United States: INQUA 2003 Field Guide Volume. The Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada.

Elfendahl, Gerald 1997 Streams of Bainbridge Island: Names, History, Folklore & Culture. Salmonberry Press, Bainbridge Island, Washington.

Fladmark, Knut R. 1982 An Introduction to the Prehistory of British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Archaeology 6:95–156.

Franklin, Jerry F., and C.T. Dyrness 1973 Natural Vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.

Gibbs, George 1855 Indian Tribes of the Territory of Washington. Report of Mr. George Gibbs to Captain McClellan on March 4, 1854. In Reports of Exploration and Surveys, to Ascertain the Most Practicable and Economical Route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, Volume I, pp. 402– 434. Senate Executive Document 78 (No. 758), 2nd Ed. Ye Galleon Press, Fairfield, Washington.

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Gustafson , Carl E., and Clare Manis 1984 The Manis Mastodon Site: An Adventure in Prehistory. Manis Enterprises, Sequim, Washington.

Haeberlin, Herman K., and Erna Gunther 1930 Indians of Puget Sound. University of Washington Press, Seattle and London.

Hartmann, Glenn D. 1998a A Cultural Resources Survey of the Washington State Department of Transportation’s Southworth and Kingston Passenger Only Foot Ferry Terminal Projects, Kitsap County. Prepared for Washington State Department of Transportation by Archaeological and Historical Services, Eastern Washington University.

1998b An Archaeological Assessment of 45KP18, on the Arness Property, Kitsap County. Prepared for Suzanne T. Arness by Glenn Hartmann

Hudson, Lorelea 1995 Evaluation of the Kingston Nike Battery 92 Launch Area, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for Brown and Caldwell Engineering by Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc.

Hudson, Lorelea, Sharon Boswell, and Stephen C. Cole 2005 Draft: Cultural and Historical Resources Technical Report South Spokane Street Viaduct Widening Project. Prepared for City of Seattle Department of Transportation. Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc., Seattle, Washington.

Johnson, Larry E. 1999 Puget Sound’s Mosquito Fleet. HistoryLink.org Essay 869. https://www.historylink.org/File/869. Accessed December 5, 2019.

Kassa, Sonja 2017 Cultural Resources Assessment for the Washington Boulevard Improvement Project, Kingston, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for Sealaska Environmental Services by Cultural Resource Consultants.

Kent, Ronald J. 2006 Cultural Resources Survey for the Carpenter Creek Section 206 Restoration Project, Kingston, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District.

Kidd, R. S. 1964 A Synthesis of Western Washington Prehistory from the Perspective of Three Occupational Sites. Unpublished M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle.

Kingston Historical Society 2019 Kingston. Images of America, Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, South Carolina.

Kirk, Ruth, and Richard Daugherty 1978 Exploring Washington Archaeology. University of Washington Press, Seattle.

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Kopperl, Robert (editor) 2016 Results of Data Recovery at the Bear Creek Site (45KI839), King County, Washington. Report Number 15-462. Prepared for City of Redmond and David Evans and Associates, Inc. SWCA Environmental Consultants, Seattle, Washington.

Kovanen, Dori J. and Olav Slaymaker 2004 Relict Shorelines an Ice Flow Patterns of the Northern Puget Lowland from Lidar Data and Digital Terrain Modelling. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography 86(4):385-400.

Lane, Barbara 1975 Identity, Treaty Status, and Fisheries of the Tulalip Tribe of Indians. Prepared for the U.S. Department of the Interior and the Snohomish Tribe of Indians.

Larson, Lynn L., and Dennis E. Lewarch 1995 The Archaeology of West Point, Seattle, Washington: 4,000 Years of Hunter-Fisher-Gatherer Land Use in Southern Puget Sound, Vol. 1, Part 1. Larson Anthropological/Archaeological Services, Seattle, Washington.

LeTourneau, Phillippe D. 2010 A Clovis Point from the Pacific Northwest Coast. Current Research in the Pleistocene 27:115–117.

Lewis, David 2016 The Man Who Burned Down Chief Seattle’s Lodge. Seattle Weekly 25 August, 2016. https://www.seattleweekly.com/news/the-man-who-burned-down-old-man-house/, accessed December 16, 2019.

Martin, Paul S. 1973 The Discovery of America. Science 179:969–974.

Matson, R. G., and Gary G. Coupland 1995 The Prehistory of the Northwest Coast. Academic Press, San Diego, California.

Mattson, John L. 1985 Puget Sound Prehistory: Postglacial Adaptations in the Puget Sound Basin with Archaeological Implications for a Solution to the "Cascade Problem.” Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Meltzer, David J., and Robert C. Dunnell 1987 Fluted Points from the Pacific Northwest. Current Research in the Pleistocene 4:64–67.

Munsell, David A. 2017 NRCS Cultural Resources Survey for the Susan McClain Project, EQIP 2017 Project. Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Natural Resources Conservation Service 2019 Web Soil Survey. Available at: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx. Accessed August 1, 2019.

Contains Confidential Information 22 Not for General Distribution DECEMBER 19 2019 | CRA FOR THE KINGSTON FERRY HOLDING LOT FEASIBILITY STUDY

Nelson, C. N. 1990 Prehistory of the Puget Sound Region. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 7: The Northwest Coast, edited by W. Suttles, pp. 481–484. W. C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Norman, Leslie 1994 Historic Property Inventory Form, 11789, Nike Missile Site. On file, Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Olympia, Washington.

Osborne, H. F. 1990 Little City by the Sea. Apple Tree Press, Kingston, Washington.

Ott, Jennifer 2010 Voters on December 27, 1919, approve Port of Kingston’s plan to purchase and improve a wharf on Appletree Cove. https://www.historylink.org/File/9427. Accessed December 5, 2019.

Porter, S. C., and T. W. Swanson 1998 Radiocarbon Age Constraints on Rates of Advance and Retreat of the Puget Lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet During the Last Glaciation. Quaternary Research 50:205–213.

Robinson, Joan 1992 A Cultural Resources Survey of SR 104: Bond Road to Kingston Ferry Dock, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for the Washington State Department of Transportation by Archaeological and Historical Services, Eastern Washington University.

Rooke, Lara C. 2002 Cultural Resources Survey of Cingular Wireless tower site WA-554-1 in Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for Vertex Engineering Services by Cascadia Archaeology.

Ruby, Robert H., and John A. Brown 1992 A Guide to the Indian Tribes of the Pacific Northwest. Revised Edition. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman and London.

Stein, Julie, Roger Kiers, Laura Phillips 2004 State of Washington Archaeological Site Inventory Form, 45KP139, Luckey Clovis. On file, Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Olympia, Washington.

Suquamish Tribe 2015 History and Culture. Electronic document, https://suquamish.nsn.us/home/about-us/history- culture/, accessed December 16, 2019.

Tacoma Daily News 1890 Advertisement placed by W.H. Frasier &Co., Agents. 19 April: 4. Tacoma, Washington.

Thorson, R. M. 1980 Ice-Sheet Glaciation of the Puget Lowland, Washington, during the Vashon Stade (Late Pleistocene. Quaternary Research 13:303–321.

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Trudel, Stephanie and Lynn L. Larson 2004 Preliminary Results for the Proposed Kingston Learning Campus and Kingston High School, Cultural Resources Assessment, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for North Kitsap School District #400 by Larson Anthropological Archaeological Services, Limited.

Trudel, Stephanie, Gretchen A. Kaehler, and Lynn L. Larson 2004 Kingston Learning Campus and Kingston High School Cultural Resources Assessment, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for North Kitsap School District #400 by Larson Anthropological Archaeological Services, Limited.

Waterman, T. T. 2001 [ca. 1920] Puget Sound Geography. Edited with additional material from V. Hilbert, J. Miller, and Z. Zahir. Zahir Consulting Services/Lushootseed Press, Federal Way, Washington.

Waters, Michael R., Thomas W. Stafford Jr., H. Gregory McDonald, Carl Gustafson, Morten Rasmussen, Enrico Cappellini, Jesper V. Olsen, Damian Szlarczyk, Lars Juhl Jenson, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, and Eske Willerslev 2011 Pre-Clovis Mastodon Hunting 13,800 Years Ago at the Manis Site, Washington. Science 334(6054):351–353.

Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) 2012 Carpenter Creek Estuary Runs Unrestricted Once Again! Fish and Wildlife Planner: A Newsletter for Washington’s Professional Planning Community, July 2012. https://wdfw.wa.gov/publications/01401, accessed November 25, 2019.

Wilma, David 2006 Kitsap County—Thumbnail History. History Link.prg Essay 7864, https://www.historylink.org/File/7864 Accessed December 11, 2019

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APPENDIX A Correspondence

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution A-1

Contains Confidential Information A-2 Not for General Distribution

APPENDIX B Shovel Probe Data

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution B-1

Contains Confidential Information B-2 Not for General Distribution

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 1 5294505.48 537072.35 0-20 Dark brown, gravelly, silty, coarse sand; gravels are None many, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; common rootlets to coarse roots and charcoal flecks; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 20-60 Light reddish brown, gravely, silty fine to coarse None sand; gravels are common, sub-rounded to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; few rootlets and fine roots; diffuse, irregular lower boundary; B horizon 60-75 Light greyish brown, fine to coarse sandy silt; None gravels are few, sub-rounded, very small to very large pebbles; glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 2 5294482.53 537058.66 0-32 Dark greyish brown, very fine sandy silt; gravels are None common, angular to rounded, small to large pebbles and small to large cobbles; Very many rootlets to coarse roots and common charcoal flecks; loose; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 32-80 Yellowish to reddish brown, very fine sandy, None gravelly silt; gravels are many, angular to rounded, small pebbles to large cobbles; Many rootlets to coarse roots; loose; clear, wavy lower boundary; B horizon 80-85 Yellowish brown, very fine sandy silt; gravels are None few, angular to sub-angular, small to large pebbles; few rootlets; compact; glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 3 5294481.82 537090.39 0-15 Dark reddish brown, silty fine to medium sand; None gravels are very few, sub-angular, small to large pebbles;duff to 5 cmbs; many rootlets to coarse roots and common bark and woody debris; clear lower boundary; A horizon 15-40 Greyish brown, silty, fine sand; gravels are few to None common (increasing with depth), sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; duff to 5 cmbs; many rootlets to coarse roots and few charcoal flecks; loose; clear lower boundary; B horizon 40-60 Yellowish to grayish brown, gravelly, silty fine sand; None gravels re common, sub-rounded to rounded, very small to medium pebbles and small cobbles; poorly sorted; few rootlets; glacial till *terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution B-3

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 4 5294450.20 537083.19 0-15 Dark reddish brown, silty, fine sand; gravels are None very few, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; many rootlets to coarse roots; clear lower boundary; Disturbed A horizon 15-25 Greyish brown, gravelly, silty, fine sand; gravels are None few to common (increasing with depth), sub- angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; many rootlets to coarse roots and few charcoal flecks; clear lower boundary; B horizon 25-60 Yellowish brown, silty, fine sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles and few small cobbles; few rootlets and burned wood fragments near upper boundary; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial till 5 5294455.05 537057.83 0-23 Dark greyish brown, gravelly, very fine sandy silt; None gravels are common, sub-angular to rounded, small pebbles to small cobbles; duff to 3 cmbs; many rootlets and fine roots; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 23-93 Yellowish brown, gravelly, fine sandy silt; gravels None are common, sub-rounded to rounded; small to very large pebbles; few coarse roots; clear, wavy lower boundary; B horizon 93-102 Greyish brown, silty fine sand; gravels are few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; no organics; glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 6 5294429.33 537061.49 0-26 Dark brown, gravelly, fine sandy silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, medium to very large pebbles; many rootlets to coarse roots and charcoal flecks from 15-25 cmbs; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 26-56 Brown, gravelly, fine sandy silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, medium pebbles to small cobbles; few rootlets; loose; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; B horizon 56-74 Light greyish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are few, None sub-angular to rounded, medium to very large pebbles; compact; glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 7 5294481.56 537042.50 0-10 Very dark brown, silty fine sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles t small cobbles; many rootlets to fine roots with a charcoal lens; loose; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon

Contains Confidential Information B-4 Not for General Distribution

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 10-66 Reddish brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; few rootlets to medium-coarse roots; gradual, irregular lower boundary; B horizon 66-82 Dark greyish brown, sandy, clayey, silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; no organics; water seepage at upper boundary; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 8 5294505.00 537047.46 0-19 Very dark brown, silty sand; gravels are common, None angular to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; common rootlets to coarse roots; loose; clear, wavy lower boundary 19-62 Dark brown, clayey silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; few rootlets and fine roots; water seepage; B horizon *Terminated do to excessive water seepage filling probe 9 5294530.44 537050.71 0-14 Very dark brown, gravelly, silty, fine to coarse None sand; gravels are many, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; many rootlets to coarse roots and few charcoal flecks; abrupt, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 14-80 Light reddish brown, gravelly, silty, fine sand; None gravels are many, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; diffuse, irregular lower boundary; B horizon 80-94 Grey, silty, fine to coarse sand; gravels are few, None sub-rounded to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; increasingly compact with depth; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 10 5294546.51 537027.63 0-16 Very dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; common rootlets to medium coarse roots; loose; abrupt wavy deposit; A horizon 16-73 Light reddish brown, gravelly, silty, fine sand; None gravels are common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to boulders; common rootlets to coarse roots, and few charcoal flecks; clear lower boundary 73-88 Greyish, clayey silt; gravels are common, sub- None angular to rounded, small to very large pebbles; very few rootlets; gradual, wavy lower boundary; glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution B-5

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 11 5294512.74 537025.88 0-12 Very dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None rounded to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; common rootlets to coarse roots and few charcoal flecks; clear, wavy lower boundary, A horizon 12-38 Light reddish brown, silty, sand; gravels are few, None sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; common rootlets to medium coarse roots and few charcoal flecks; gradual, wavy lower boundary 38-73 Dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, small pebbles to small cobbles; few rootlets; compact; water seepage around 70 cmbs; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 12 5294460.36 537022.75 0-25 Dark reddish brown, silty, fine sand; gravels are None very few, sub-angular and rounded, small and large pebbles; many rootlets to medium coarse roots and few charred wood debris; clear lower boundary; Disturbed A horizon 25-45 Yellowish, greyish brown, silty, fine sand; gravels None are few to common (increasing with depth), sub- angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; few charred wood fragments; gradual lower boundary; Disturbed B horizon 45-60 Yellowish grey, clayey, silty, fine sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small pebbles and few small cobbles; few rootlets and few burned wood fragments; water seepage at bottom; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 13 5294442.15 537027.49 0-15 Dark reddish brown, silty sand; gravels are few, None sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; poorly sorted; many large pieces of blackened wood and bark; pockets of yellowish brown silty sand (glacial); diffuse lower boundary; Disturbed A horizon 15-30 Yellowish to grayish brown, silty sand; gravels are None few to common (increasing with depth), sub- angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles and small cobbles; few medium coarse roots; clear, bioturbated lower boundary; mixed B/C horizon 30-50 Yellowish to grayish brown, silty fine sand; gravels None are common, angular to rounded, very-small pebbles to small cobbles; compact; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit

Contains Confidential Information B-6 Not for General Distribution

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 14 5294441.08 537005.29 0-14 Dark brown, fine sandy, silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to sub-rounded, small pebbles to small cobbles; many rootlets to fine roots; clear, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 14-59 Light yellowish brown, sandy, silt; gravels are few, None sub-angular to rounded, small to very large pebbles; few rootlets to fine roots; abrupt, wavy boundary; B horizon 59-78 Greyish brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded, very small to medium pebbles; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 15 5294462.36 536993.04 0-27 Dark brownish grey, fine sandy silt; gravels are few, None angular to sub-angular, small to large pebbles; few rootlets to fine roots; very wet; clear smooth lower boundary; Wetland 27-69 Reddish grey, silt; gravels are few, angular to sub- None angular, small to large pebbles; few fine roots; clear, smooth lower boundary; Wetland 69-75 Greyish brown, silt; gravels are very few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles; probe filled with water; Wetland *Terminated due to inundation 16 5294443.25 536975.18 0-21 Dark brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to very large pebbles; common rootlets to fine roots; loose; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 21-67 Greyish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to very large pebbles; many rootlets to fine roots; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; B horizon 67-73 Yellowish brown, gravelly silt; gravels are common, None sub-rounded to rounded, very small to small pebbles; compact; Glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 17 5294488.20 536994.84 0-18 Very dark brown, very silty fine to medium sand; None gravels are few, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small to small pebbles; many rootlets to coarse roots and common cedar bark pieces; loose, abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 18-52 Yellowish brown, silty, fine to medium sand gravels None are common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to very large pebbles and one large cobble; few fine roots and one very coarse root; increasingly compact with depth; weathered glacial till *Terminated due to root obstruction

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution B-7

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 18 5294517.56 536999.38 0-20 Very dark brown, clayey silt; gravels are few, sub- None rounded to rounded, very small to large pebbles; few rootlets to medium roots; abrupt, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 20-30 Light brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; common rootlets; clear, wavy lower boundary; B horizon 30-41 Grey, coarse sand; gravels are very few, sub- None angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; no organics; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 19 5294544.30 536993.84 0-16 Dark greyish brown, fine, sandy silt; gravels are None few, angular to sub-rounded, small to very large pebbles; many rootlets to fine roots; clear smooth lower boundary; A horizon 16-102 Light brown, fine sandy, silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded; small to large pebbles; few fine roots; B horizon *Terminated at maximum extent of shovel excavation 20 5294577.22 536972.02 0-15 Reddish brown, silty fine sand; gravels are few to Rusted metal common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small fragments to large pebbles; gradual lower boundary; Disturbed A/B horizon 15-30 Yellowish, greyish brown, silty fine sand; gravels None are common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; moderately sorted; many rootlets to fine roots; gradual lower boundary; B horizon 30-65 Yellowish grey, slightly silty fine sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; moderately sorted; few rootlets; moderately compact; glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 21 5294543.84 536962.07 0-10 Greyish brown, silty sand; gravels are very few, None sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles and one large cobble near surface; common rootlets to fine roots; clear lower boundary; truncated B horizon 10-70 Yellowish grey, silty, fine sand; few to common, None angular to sub-rounded, very small to medium pebbles and 2-3 small cobbles; few roots and blackened wood pieces; moderately compact; clear lower boundary; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit

Contains Confidential Information B-8 Not for General Distribution

UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 23 5294564.20 536942.76 0-20 Medium brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, Many metal sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to medium fragments, pebbles; many rootlets to fine roots; gradual lower lightbulb and boundary; A horizon chimney glass fragments, one intact Karo syrup bottle 20-100 Grey with orange/reddish mottling, gravelly, Few metal coarse sandy silt; gravels are many, sub-angular to fragments rounded, small to large pebbles; very few fine roots; very wet; B horizon *Terminated at maximum extent of shovel excavation 24 5294596.12 536950.80 0-15 Brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, angular to None sub-angular; very small to medium pebbles; common rootlets and woody debris; clear lower boundary; A horizon 15-45 Light brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None angular to subangular, small cobbles; few rootlets; very wet; B horizon 45-100 Grey, sandy silt; gravels are common, angular to None sub-angular, small to medium pebbles and small cobbles; iron oxide staining; glacial *Terminated at maximum extent of shovel excavation 25 5294595.42 536921.61 0-24 Dark greyish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are None common, sub-rounded to rounded, small to medium pebbles and small cobbles; very many rootlets to coarse roots; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 24-69 Yellowish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are many, None angular to rounded, small pebbles to large cobbles; few fine to coarse roots; clear lower boundary; B horizon 69-88 Light greyish brown, fine silt; no gravels; compact; None glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 26 5294570.01 536916.44 0-13 Very dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-rounded to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; many rootlets to medium roots and few charcoal flecks; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 13-29 Dark brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are many, sub- None angular to rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; common rootlets to coarse roots and charcoal flecks; clear, wavy lower boundary; B horizon

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UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 29-48 Grey gravelly silt; gravels are many, sub-angular to None rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; poorly sorted; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; redeposited glacial 48-106 Dark reddish brown, silty, coarse sandy gravel; None gravels are predominant, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; many rootlets to coarse roots and common charcoal flecks; buried A horizon *Terminated at maximum extent of shove excavation 27 5294536.58 536912.41 0-61 Very dark brown, clayey silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; few rootlets to medium roots; abrupt, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 61-75 Grey, clayey, silty, coarse sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; very wet; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 28 5294532.02 536886.93 0-14 Brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, sub- None angular to sub-rounded; small to medium pebbles; common roots; clear lower boundary; A horizon 14-40 Reddish brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles; common rootlets and roots; wet gradual lower boundary; B horizon 40-90 Greyish brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; wet; increasingly compact with depth; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposits 29 5294598.98 536894.08 0-10 Brown, silty fine sand; gravels are few; sub-angular None to sub-rounded, very small to medium pebbles and two small cobbles near the surface; very few roots; clear lower boundary; A horizon 10-30 Yellowish brown, slightly silty, fine sand; gravels None are common, sub-angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; few rootlets to medium roots; clear lower boundary; B horizon 30-80 Yellowish grey, slightly silty, fine sand; gravels are None few, angular to rounded, small pebbles to large cobbles; charcoal flecks; loose; weathered glacial till *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 30 5294631.24 536901.64 0-22 Dark brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, medium pebbles to large cobbles; few fine to coarse roots; abrupt smooth lower boundary; A horizon

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UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 22-57 Yellowish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are few, None angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; few fine roots; abrupt, uneven lower boundary; B horizon 57-60 Pale yellowish brown, fine silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; compact; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 31 5294562.96 536896.48 0-15 Dark brown, silty fine sand; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, very small to medium pebbles and few small to large cobbles; Many bark and leaf litter mixed in matrix; disturbed A horizon 15-25 Greyish brown, fine sand; gravels are few, angular None to sub-rounded, very small to medium pebbles; podkets of cedar bark at 20 cmbs; clear lower boundary; B horizon 25-65 Yellowish to greyish brown, fine sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small to medium pebbles and few rounded small to large cobbles; blackened woody debris; weathered glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 32 5294602.91 536864.53 0-18 Dark brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are common, None angular to rounded, large to very large pebbles; many fine roots; abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 18-64 Light brown, gravelly, fine sandy silt; gravels are None many, angular to rounded, small pebbles to large cobbles; clear, sloped lower boundary 64-73 Light yellowish brown, gravelly, fine sandy silt; None gravels are common, sub-rounded to rounded, small to large cobbles; compact; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 33 5294631.73 536866.32 0-14 Dark orange-brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are None few, angular to sub-angular small to large pebbles and few rounded small cobbles; many fine roots, abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 14-46 Yellowish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are few, None sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; few fine roots; gradual, sloped lower boundary; B horizon 46-62 Light yellowish brown, fine sandy silty; gravels are None few, sub-angular to sub-rounded, medium to large pebbles; compact; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 34 5294628.03 536833.93 0-15 Dark brown, silty fine sand; gravels are few, sub- None rounded to rounded, very small pebbles and small to large cobbles; common fine to coarse roots and woody debris; clear lower boundary; A horizon

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UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 15-30 Yellowish to greyish brown, silty fine sand; gravels None are few, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles; compact; gradual lower boundary; B horizon 30-60 Reddish to yellowish brown with grey mottling, fine None sand; gravels are common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; very few rootlets; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 35 5294660.80 536831.84 0-12 Greyish brown, fine sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, small to very large pebbles; many fine roots; clear wavy lower boundary; A horizon 12-48 Reddish brown, gravelly fine sandy silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, medium pebbles to large cobbles; many fine roots; gradual, smooth lower boundary; B horizon 48-60 Yellowish brown, gravelly silt; gravels are common, None rounded, medium pebbles to large cobbles; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 36 5294575.25 536859.04 0-37 Dark brown, silty fine to medium sand; gravels are None few, sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles and one small coble; many coarse roots (blackberry and alder); abrupt, smooth lower boundary; A horizon 37-43 Yellowish brown with grey mottling, silty fine to None coarse sand; gravels are common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; common iron oxide staining; compact; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 37 5294535.78 536863.72 0-45 Very dark brown, clayey, silty sand; gravels are None few, subangular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; few rootlets to medium roots; water seepage at 29 cmbs; wetland *Terminated due to excessive water seepage 38 5294540.66 536830.59 0-20 Yellowish brown, very gravelly, angular to None rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; duff to 10 cmbs; common roots and charcoal flecks; truncated B horizon 20-80 Light, yellowish brown, silty, sandy gravel; gravels None are predominant, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to boulders; few charcoal flecks; loose; former creek channel 39 5294540.11 536789.57 0-20 Very dark brown, gravelly, silty sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; many fine to medium roots and charcoal flecks; clear, wavy lower boundary

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UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 20-71 Light brown, fine sandy gravel; gravels are None predominant, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to boulders; many rootlets to fine roots and few charcoal flecks; gradual, irregular lower boundary; former creek channel 71-80 Light grey, gravelly, coarse sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 40 5294533.08 536773.37 0-10 Dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded; many roots and common charcoal flecks; clear lower boundary; A Horizon 10-20 Light reddish brown, sandy silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; very many fine to coarse roots; moderately compact; B horizon 20-45 Medium yellowish brown, gravelly, silty sand; None gravels are many, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; common roots; compact; weathered glacial *Terminated on large root obstruction 41 5294574.57 536768.91 0-9 Dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded, small pebbles; many roots and leaf litter mixed in matrix; clear lower boundary; disturbed A horizon 9-20 Reddish brown, sandy silt; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, small pebbles to large cobbles; common roots; moderately compact; A/ B horizon 20-71 Light yellowish brown, gravelly, silty sand; gravels None are many, sub-angular to rounded, very small to large cobbles; few roots; moderately loose abruptly becoming compact around 70 cmbs; weathered glacial *Terminated on culturally sterile glacial deposit 42 5294568.89 536800.34 0-17 Very dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; common rootlets to medium roots; clear wavy lower boundary; A horizon 17-70 Dark brown, coarse sand; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, very small to large cobbles; few rootlets to fine roots and charcoal flecks; gradual lower boundary; B horizon 70-75 Grey to dark grey (mottled); coarse sand; gravels None are few, sub-angular to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit

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UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 43 5294567.61 536828.90 0-10 Dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles; gradual lower boundary; A horizon 10-30 Light yellowish brown, silty sand; gravels are None common, angular to sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles; no organics; very compact; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 44 5294599.74 536832.59 0-30 Greyish brown, silty fine sand; gravels are few, sub- None rounded, medium to large pebbles; many leaves and rootlets to coarse roots; A horizon 30-40 Yellowish light grey; fine sand; few, sub-angular to None sub-rounded vary small to large pebbles and one rounded, small cobble; B horizon 40-85 Very light grey, silty, fine to medium sand; gravels None are common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles and few rounded, very large pebbles; moderately sorted; few rootlets to fine roots; compact; glacial 45 5294595.15 536796.27 0-25 Dark brown, gravelly sand silt; gravels are, many None angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; duff to 9 cmbs; common roots; loose; A horizon 25-60 Very light yellowish brown, gravelly, silty sand; None gravels are many, angular to rounded, very small pebbles to boulders; increasingly compact with depth; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 46 5294597.27 536770.56 0-11 Dark brown, fine to medium sandy silt; gravels are None few, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to medium pebbles; many rootlets to fine roots; few charcoal flecks; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 11-23 Reddish brown, fine to medium sandy silt; gravels None are common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small to medium pebbles; increasingly gravelly with depth ; gradual, wavy lower boundary; B horizon 23-65 Light yellowish brown, silty, gravelly, fine to None medium sand; gravels are many, sub-rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; few fine to medium roots and very few charcoal flecks; poorly sorted, loose; bioturbated glacial *Terminated on large cobble obstruction 47 5294634.38 536774.96 0-6 Very dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, None angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; common rootlets to medium roots; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon

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UTM SP Depth (Zone 10N, NAD 83) Stratigraphic Description Cultural Material No (cmbs) Northing Easting 6-62 Light brown, silty fine sand; gravels are common, None angular to rounded, small pebbles to large cobbles; common rootlets to coarse roots and charcoal flecks; gradual, wavy lower boundary; B horizon 62-71 Light grey, gravelly, coarse sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 48 5294625.46 536799.51 0-18 Very dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; common rootlets to fine roots; clear, wavy lower boundary; A horizon 18-49 Dark brown, silty fine sand; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, very small to large pebbles; common rootlets to small roots; clear, wavy lower boundary; B horizon 49-62 Grey, gravelly, coarse sand; gravels are common, None sub-angular to rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 49 5294659.09 536800.54 0-21 Dark brown, fine to medium sandy, silt; gravels are None common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, small to large pebbles; common rootlets to fine roots; clear, wavy lower boundary; A Horizon 21-48 Reddish brown, gravelly, fine sandy silt; gravels are None many, sub-angular to rounded, very small to very large pebbles; clear lower boundary; B Horizon 48-56 Yellowish brown with grey mottling, silty, gravelly, None fine to coarse sand; gravels are many, sub- rounded, very small pebbles to small cobbles; no organics; poorly sorted; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 50 5294667.71 536772.51 0-8 Dark brown, sandy silt; gravels are few, angular to None rounded, very small to large pebbles; many roots, leaf litter and fir needles mixed in matric; clear lower boundary; disturbed A horizon 8-28 Medium brown, sandy silty; gravels are few, sub- None angular to rounded, small to large pebbles; common roots; loose; B horizon 28-55 Very light, yellowish grey, gravelly, silty sand; None gravels are many, angular to rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; glacial *Terminated in culturally sterile glacial deposit 51 5294694.24 536776.40 0-30 Greyish brown, silty fine sand; gravels are None common, sub-angular to sub-rounded, very small pebbles to large cobbles; poorly sorted; many rootlets and fine roots; disturbed A horizon *Terminated due to boulder obstruction

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APPENDIX C Archaeological Site Inventory Form

Contains Confidential Information Not for General Distribution C-1

Contains Confidential Information C-2 Not for General Distribution STATE OF WASHINGTON ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE INVENTORY FORM

Smithsonian Number: 45KP00313 County: Kitsap Date: 12/12/2019 Human Remains? DAHP Case No.: Compiled By: Emily Peterson Perteet, Inc.

Archaeological Sites are exempt from public disclosure per RCW 42.56.300 SITE DESIGNATION Site Name: Field/Temporary ID: Site Type: Historic Debris Scatter/Concentration As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this request for determination of eligibility meet the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the site meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level(s) of significance: Criteria Statement of Significance The historical debris scatter is limited to a few mid 20th century jars and bottles on the surface and shallowly buried in bioturbated soil. It does not demonstrate any association with significant persons or events and due to the small size of the deposit it is not likely to yield information important to the history of the Pacific Northwest. The site is recommended Not Eligible for the NRHP. Integrity Most artifacts were found on the surface. SHPO Determination Eligibility Potentially Eligible Determined On 12/17/2019 Determined By Whitney Emge SHPO Comments

SITE LOCATION USGS Quad Map Name(s): PORT GAMBLE T: 27 R: 02 E/W: E Section: 26 UTM: Zone: 10 Easting: 536943 Northing: 5294563 Latitude: 47.803 Longitude: -122.507 Elevation (ft/m): Drainage, Major: Puget Sound Drainage, Minor: River Mile Aspect Slope Location Description (General to Specific): The site is approximately 0.5 mile north of Appletree Cove, northwest of downtown Kingston, Kitsap County, Washington. It is on the margin of a small wetland area on an undeveloped, forested parcel on the south side of Route 104, west of Lindvog Road.

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Directions (For Relocation Purposes): From the Kingston Ferry Terminal, take State Highway 104 and travel 0.8 mile northwest. The site is on the left 675 feet northwest of the intersection of Lindvog Road NE, 195 feet south of Route 104 and 190 ft north of the home at 26424 Granny Smith Lane NE. SITE DESCRIPTION Narrative Description (Overall Site Observations): The site was identified during a reconnaissance survey of the parcel. Historical artifacts were observed on the ground surface and in shovel probe #23. Surface artifacts were scattered next to the SP23 location among leaf litter. SP23 was excavated to 100 cmbs and excavated material was screened through ¼͟mesh. Cultural material was concentrated in the A horizon from 0-20 cmb. A horizon soil consisted of medium brown, sandy silt with 15-30% gravel. Gravels were sub-angular to sub-rounded, small and medium pebbles. Leaf litter was mixed in near the surface and many rootlets and roots from surrounding shrubs were encountered. At approximately 20 cmbs a gradual transition to glacial till was observed. Glacial till consisted of gray, gravelly, sandy silt with orange to reddish iron oxide staining. Poorly sorted gravels comprised 30- 50% of excavated material in this layer. A few rusted metal fragments were observed in the transition between A and C horizons.

A 1951 aerial shows that the site was about 25 feet south of a drive that traversed the parcel from Highway 104 to a house and barn south of the site. The barn was approximately 150 feet south and the house was approximately 300 feet south. There were no structures near the site and the area was not forested at that time. Site Dimensions (Overall Site Dimensions): Length: 9 m Direction: NW-SE Width: 5 m Direction: NE-SW Method of Horizontal Measurement: Tape Depth: 30 cmbs Method of Vertical Measurement: Tape

Vegetation (On Site): Local: swordfern, snowberry, Regional: Tsuga heterophylla blackberry, alder, holly

Landforms (On Site): Local: Upland terrace Regional: Glacial upland Water Resources (Type): Carpenter Creek Distance: 0.3 mile Permanence: Perennial CULTURAL MATERIALS AND FEATURES Narrative Description (Specific Inventory Details): Four clear glass jars, one bottle, and non-diagnostic light bulb and bottle glass fragments were observed. Complete or nearly complete vessels include: Two narrow, elongated, straight bodied jars with threaded closures One curved, wide-mouth jar, embossed ͞Williams Horseradish and Vinegar San Francisco, Portland, Seattle͟with a threaded closure One curved, wide-mouth jar with a threaded closure, heel embossed ͞Duraglas͟(cursive) One broken, straight bodied jar without an intact closure One Karo syrup bottle base with an Owens-Illinois maker's mark, date stamped 1950. Embossing on the base is in a circle surrounded by stippling.

Method of Collection: None collected Location of Artifacts (Temporary/Permanent):

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Reburied in SP23 SITE AGE Component Type Historic Dates circa 1950 Dating Method Diagnostic artifact Phase Basis for Phase Designation SITE RECORDERS Observed By Address Emily Peterson 2707 Colby Ave. Suite 900, Everett, WA 98201 Date Recorded: 11/19/2019 Recorded by (Professional Archaeologist): Emily Peterson Organization: Perteet, Inc. Phone Number: 206-818-9765 Address: 2707 Colby Ave. Email: [email protected] Suite 900, Everett, WA 98201 SITE HISTORY Previous Archaeological Work: A pedestrian survey with limited subsurface testing was conducted on the parcel in 1999 but did not identify the site. LAND OWNERSHIP Owner Address Parcel Washington State 310 Maple Park Avenue SE, P.O. Box 47300, Olympia, WA - 1404698 Department of 98504-7300 Transportation RESEARCH REFERENCES Items/Documents Used in Research: Bard, James C. and Robin McClintock 1999 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the Kingston Park-and-Ride Lot Project, Kitsap County, Washington. Prepared for Washington State Ferries by CH2MHill.

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USGS MAP

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SKETCH MAPS Source Information 11/19/2019 Inventory - Perteet, Inc.

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Photographs, Tables and Additional Information

Photo ID 453143 Title 01 USGS.jpg Year Taken Is Circa? Notes Type image/jpeg Photo View Source 11/19/2019 Inventory - Perteet, Inc. Copyright

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Photo ID 453148 Title 06 1951 air photo.jpg Year Taken 1951 Is Circa? Notes Historical aerial photograph showing site location Type image/jpeg Photo View Source 11/19/2019 Inventory - Perteet, Inc. Copyright

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Photo ID 453146 Title 04 OV South.jpg Year Taken 2019 Is Circa? Notes Overview of SP 23 location with 26424 Granny Smith Lane NE visible through trees Type image/jpeg Photo View South Source 11/19/2019 Inventory - Perteet, Inc. Copyright

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Photo ID 453145 Title 03 Jars.jpg Year Taken 2019 Is Circa? Notes Partial and complete glass vessels Type image/jpeg Photo View Plan Source 11/19/2019 Inventory - Perteet, Inc. Copyright

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Photo ID 453144 Title 02 Karo bottle base.jpg Year Taken 2019 Is Circa? Notes 1950 Karo Syrup bottle base Type image/jpeg Photo View Plan Source 11/19/2019 Inventory - Perteet, Inc. Copyright

Tuesday, December 17, 2019