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Bird Checklist Guánica Biosphere Reserve Puerto Rico
United States Department of Agriculture BirD CheCklist Guánica Biosphere reserve Puerto rico Wayne J. Arendt, John Faaborg, Miguel Canals, and Jerry Bauer Forest Service Research & Development Southern Research Station Research Note SRS-23 The Authors: Wayne J. Arendt, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Sabana Field Research Station, HC 2 Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773, USA; John Faaborg, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-7400, USA; Miguel Canals, DRNA—Bosque de Guánica, P.O. Box 1185, Guánica, PR 00653-1185, USA; and Jerry Bauer, International Institute of Tropical Forestry, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Río Piedras, PR 00926, USA. Cover Photos Large cover photograph by Jerry Bauer; small cover photographs by Mike Morel. Product Disclaimer The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service. April 2015 Southern Research Station 200 W.T. Weaver Blvd. Asheville, NC 28804 www.srs.fs.usda.gov BirD CheCklist Guánica Biosphere reserve Puerto rico Wayne J. Arendt, John Faaborg, Miguel Canals, and Jerry Bauer ABSTRACt This research note compiles 43 years of research and monitoring data to produce the first comprehensive checklist of the dry forest avian community found within the Guánica Biosphere Reserve. We provide an overview of the reserve along with sighting locales, a list of 185 birds with their resident status and abundance, and a list of the available bird habitats. Photographs of habitats and some of the bird species are included. -
RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER Melanerpes Carolinus
texas parks and wildlife RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER Melanerpes carolinus ©Bill Reaves Red-bellied and other woodpeckers are important nest providers for many other species. The holes they excavate in dead trees, poles and fence posts are used by bluebirds, wrens, chickadees and titmice to name but a few. It is important for many bird and animal species that we leave dead trees whenever it's safe to do so! Range Birds RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER Melanerpes carolinus Appearance Life Cycle Length: 10 inches Sexual maturity: Less than a year Wing span: 16 inches Mating season: Spring and summer. Weight: 2 3/4 ounces Red-bellied woodpeckers usually nest 2 or 3 Male red-bellied woodpeckers are medium sized times during a season. birds that have red caps and hind necks, black and Gestation: Eggs hatch in 12-14 days, the white barred backs and tails. Their belly feathers young fledge 24-27 days after that. are off white with a reddish tinge. Females are similar to males but lack the red hind neck. No. of young: 3-8, usually 4-5. Eggs are 1 inch long and white. Behavior Habit: Diurnal, cavity building, altricial, omnivores Diet: Insects, nuts, fruits and berries More Fun Facts! Breeding territory: 1 pair to 14 acres The woodpeckers bill is a multi-use Courtship between red-bellies tool for food gathering and even more includes mutual tapping and v- unusual, to get their courtship shaped flights. Most red-bellies message out. Male woodpeckers do remain year round. In urban areas not sing well, so they use their heads, their nests are often taken over by literally. -
Review of the Conflict Between Migratory Birds and Electricity Power Grids in the African-Eurasian Region
CMS CONVENTION ON Distribution: General MIGRATORY UNEP/CMS/Inf.10.38/ Rev.1 SPECIES 11 November 2011 Original: English TENTH MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES Bergen, 20-25 November 2011 Agenda Item 19 REVIEW OF THE CONFLICT BETWEEN MIGRATORY BIRDS AND ELECTRICITY POWER GRIDS IN THE AFRICAN-EURASIAN REGION (Prepared by Bureau Waardenburg for AEWA and CMS) Pursuant to the recommendation of the 37 th Meeting of the Standing Committee, the AEWA and CMS Secretariats commissioned Bureau Waardenburg to undertake a review of the conflict between migratory birds and electricity power grids in the African-Eurasian region, as well as of available mitigation measures and their effectiveness. Their report is presented in this information document and an executive summary is also provided as document UNEP/CMS/Conf.10.29. A Resolution on power lines and migratory birds is also tabled for COP as UNEP/CMS/Resolution10.11. For reasons of economy, documents are printed in a limited number, and will not be distributed at the meeting. Delegates are kindly requested to bring their copy to the meeting and not to request additional copies. The Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) and the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) REVIEW OF THE CONFLICT BETWEEN MIGRATORY BIRDS AND ELECTRICITY POWER GRIDS IN THE AFRICAN-EURASIAN REGION Funded by AEWA’s cooperation-partner, RWE RR NSG, which has developed the method for fitting bird protection markings to overhead lines by helicopter. Produced by Bureau Waardenburg Boere Conservation Consultancy STRIX Ambiente e Inovação Endangered Wildlife Trust – Wildlife & Energy Program Compiled by: Hein Prinsen 1, Gerard Boere 2, Nadine Píres 3 & Jon Smallie 4. -
An Update of Wallacels Zoogeographic Regions of the World
REPORTS To examine the temporal profile of ChC produc- specification of a distinct, and probably the last, 3. G. A. Ascoli et al., Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 557 (2008). tion and their correlation to laminar deployment, cohort in this lineage—the ChCs. 4. J. Szentágothai, M. A. Arbib, Neurosci. Res. Program Bull. 12, 305 (1974). we injected a single pulse of BrdU into pregnant A recent study demonstrated that progeni- CreER 5. P. Somogyi, Brain Res. 136, 345 (1977). Nkx2.1 ;Ai9 females at successive days be- tors below the ventral wall of the lateral ventricle 6. L. Sussel, O. Marin, S. Kimura, J. L. Rubenstein, tween E15 and P1 to label mitotic progenitors, (i.e., VGZ) of human infants give rise to a medial Development 126, 3359 (1999). each paired with a pulse of tamoxifen at E17 to migratory stream destined to the ventral mPFC 7. S. J. Butt et al., Neuron 59, 722 (2008). + 18 8. H. Taniguchi et al., Neuron 71, 995 (2011). label NKX2.1 cells (Fig. 3A). We first quanti- ( ). Despite species differences in the develop- 9. L. Madisen et al., Nat. Neurosci. 13, 133 (2010). fied the fraction of L2 ChCs (identified by mor- mental timing of corticogenesis, this study and 10. J. Szabadics et al., Science 311, 233 (2006). + phology) in mPFC that were also BrdU+. Although our findings raise the possibility that the NKX2.1 11. A. Woodruff, Q. Xu, S. A. Anderson, R. Yuste, Front. there was ChC production by E15, consistent progenitors in VGZ and their extended neurogenesis Neural Circuits 3, 15 (2009). -
South Africa Mega Birding III 5Th to 27Th October 2019 (23 Days) Trip Report
South Africa Mega Birding III 5th to 27th October 2019 (23 days) Trip Report The near-endemic Gorgeous Bushshrike by Daniel Keith Danckwerts Tour leader: Daniel Keith Danckwerts Trip Report – RBT South Africa – Mega Birding III 2019 2 Tour Summary South Africa supports the highest number of endemic species of any African country and is therefore of obvious appeal to birders. This South Africa mega tour covered virtually the entire country in little over a month – amounting to an estimated 10 000km – and targeted every single endemic and near-endemic species! We were successful in finding virtually all of the targets and some of our highlights included a pair of mythical Hottentot Buttonquails, the critically endangered Rudd’s Lark, both Cape, and Drakensburg Rockjumpers, Orange-breasted Sunbird, Pink-throated Twinspot, Southern Tchagra, the scarce Knysna Woodpecker, both Northern and Southern Black Korhaans, and Bush Blackcap. We additionally enjoyed better-than-ever sightings of the tricky Barratt’s Warbler, aptly named Gorgeous Bushshrike, Crested Guineafowl, and Eastern Nicator to just name a few. Any trip to South Africa would be incomplete without mammals and our tally of 60 species included such difficult animals as the Aardvark, Aardwolf, Southern African Hedgehog, Bat-eared Fox, Smith’s Red Rock Hare and both Sable and Roan Antelopes. This really was a trip like no other! ____________________________________________________________________________________ Tour in Detail Our first full day of the tour began with a short walk through the gardens of our quaint guesthouse in Johannesburg. Here we enjoyed sightings of the delightful Red-headed Finch, small numbers of Southern Red Bishops including several males that were busy moulting into their summer breeding plumage, the near-endemic Karoo Thrush, Cape White-eye, Grey-headed Gull, Hadada Ibis, Southern Masked Weaver, Speckled Mousebird, African Palm Swift and the Laughing, Ring-necked and Red-eyed Doves. -
Ground Woodpecker August–November (Oatley 1995B)
736 Picidae: woodpeckers Breeding: It breeds throughout its range. Egglaying peaks Ground Woodpecker August–November (Oatley 1995b). Nesting may start as early Grondspeg as July and late broods may only emerge in February. The atlas breeding data span July–April, mainly September– Geocolaptes olivaceus December, with an indication of slightly earlier breeding in the south of the range. Tunnel excavation can occur at any The Ground Woodpecker is a notable endemic which has not time of year and is not always indicative of reproductive yet been found ranging north of the Limpopo or in Namibia, activity since some tunnels serve only as dormitories (Oatley and it is unlikely to do so because it is susceptible to heat stress 1995b). and seldom occurs far from surface water suitable for drink- Interspecific relationships: The open and often treeless ing and bathing. This is well illustrated in the distribution map nature of its habitat generally precludes sympatry between this which shows its avoidance of the hot, dry Karoo basin. It is species and other woodpeckers. one of only three terrestrial woodpeckers in the world (Short Historical distribution and conservation: Historical 1971); the other two (genus Colaptes) both occur in South distribution details are few and provide no evidence for major America. alteration of its range or change in its numbers, although Its comparatively large size, loud calls, and habit of perch- Tarboton et al. (1987b) noted that it no longer occurs at ing in family groups on prominent rocks, render this species Woodbush (2330CC) where an early specimen was collected. fairly conspicuous. The atlas data present an accurate picture It was not listed as a Red Data species in South Africa (Brooke of its distribution. -
Distribution, Probable Evolution, and Fossil Record of West Indian Woodpeckers (Family Picidae)
DISTRIBUTION, PROBABLE EVOLUTION, AND FOSSIL RECORD OF WEST INDIAN WOODPECKERS (FAMILY PICIDAE) ALEXANDER CRUZ Department of Biology University of Colorado Boulder, Colorado 80302 R ESUMEN : La familia Picidae (carpinteros) esta representada en la fauna de las Antillas por dote especies vivientes y dos especies fosiles. Las primeras estan comprendidas en dos generos endemicos y seis generos de distribution mas amplia. Las segundas constan de un genero conocido y otro especimen de afinidad desconocida. Los carpinteros estan mejor representados en Cuba, donde hay cinco especies residentes en comparacion con las Antillas Menores, a excepcion de la Guadalupe, donde no hay especies residences. Durante la epoca glacial del Pleistocene el nivel del agua era inferior al actual y muchas zonas fueron expuestas. Durante esta epoca y posiblemente antes (Plioceno), la mayoria de la avifauna de las Antillas se derivo de las regiones continentals cercanas. Los carpinteros de las Antillas probablemente se originaron en tres diferentes regiones: Norte America, Centro America, y Sur America. HE family Picidae, whose fossil history Cayman, Gran Bahama, Abaco, and T dates back to the Lower Pliocene of Watling’s Island), Centurus radiolatus North America (Brodkorb, 1970) is re- (Jamaica), Centurus striatus (Hispaniola), presented in the West Indian faunal region Melanerpes portoricensis (Puerto Rico and (Fig. 1) by twelve living species, eleven Vieques), Melanerpes herminiero (Guada- resident and one migratory. These com- loupe), Colaptes auratus (Cuba and Grand prise two endemic genera (Nesoctites and Cayman), Colaptes (Nesoceleus) fernandi- Xiphiodiopicus) and six genera of a greater nae (Cuba), Xiphiodiopicus percussus (Cuba distribution (Colaptes, Melanerpes, Centu- and the Isle of Pines), Dendrocopos villosus rus, Sphyrapicus, Dendrocopos, and Cam- (New Providence, Andros, Grand Bahama pephilus). -
BIRD OBSERVER Vol. 26, No. 1, 1998 Northern New York Are Today at the Northern Limits of the Species’ Range
RANGE EXPANSION OF THE RED-BELLIED WOODPECKER by Jerome A. Jackson and William E. Davis, Jr. The Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) is a species on the move — or so we’ve been told for the past century (Jones 1898, Forbush 1927, Jackson and Jackson 1987, Jackson 1997). With habitat and climatic change, species ranges do fluctuate, gaining new ground, losing old. For some birds range expansion comes as a result of introduction, innate migratory or irruptive tendencies, or elimination of competitors or predators. None of these latter factors apply to the Red-bellied Woodpecker. It is a mostly sedentary species that seems strongly philopatric, and it has expanded its range this century in spite of increasingly documented competition with European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) (e.g.. Ingold 1994). A recent graphic depiction of Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data (Price et al. 1995) shows the species reaching its northern limit along the Atlantic seaboard in extreme south-central Massachusetts, with disjunct populations along Lake Ontario in western New York and in extreme southwestern Ontario, as well as in northern Michigan and central Minnesota. The populations shown as disjunct may in reality be low-density populations that only appear to be disjunct as a result of the discontinuous nature of BBS routes (but see Meade 1988). To the west the species occurs into eastern Minnesota and central Iowa, southeastern and south-central Nebraska, western Kansas, Oklahoma except for the Panhandle, and eastern Texas. Other regional data, for example Christmas Bird Counts (Root 1988), extend the range of the species slightly beyond the limits suggested by BBS data. -
M>Ieiicanjfllsllm
>ieiicanM JfllSllm PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. I0024 NUMBER 2467 SEPTEMBER 28, I97I The Evolution of Terrestrial Woodpeckers BY LESTER L. SHORT1 ABSTRACT Woodpeckers are very specialized for arboreal life. Despite their specializations for climbing, nesting, and foraging in trees, more than 12 species forage regularly on the ground and three are essentially terrestrial. Terrestriality has evolved as a secondary feature, and aspects of terrestrial adaptation, as well as of possible pre- adaptive ancestral woodpecker features that have benefited ground woodpeckers, are discussed. The evolution of walking from hopping, the adoption of ground nesting, the trends toward brown color and dorsal barring, the reduced massive- ness of the skull, the development of a curved, long, thin bill, and other morpho- logical adaptations are also discussed. Behavioral adaptations include the evolution of voices that are louder and carry farther, "flash" color patterns, greater sociality, reduction of sexual recognition markings, and other adaptations. Preadaptations include ant-eating habits, and the ability of the woodpeckers to excavate cavities for nesting. Ground-foraging but arboreally nesting woodpeckers are variously intermediate between arboreally specialized woodpeckers and the fully terrestrial Geocolaptes olivaceus of Africa, and Colaptes rupicola and C. campestris of South America. The arboreal specializations of the ancestors of ground wood- peckers have benefited them in adapting to terrestrial life. INTRODUCTION If a layman were considering birds that he might expect to find in open grasslands, he probably would not think of woodpeckers as a possibility. During the course of their evolution, woodpeckers have become highly 1 Curator, Department of Ornithology, the American Museum of Natural History; Adjunct Professor, City University of New York. -
West Indian Woodpecker Hasanumber of Nuts, Sometrees and Shrubs
Artwork by John Thompson WEST INDIAN WOODPECKER SCIENTIFIC NAME Melanerpes superciliaris COMMON NAMES Red-headed Woodpecker, Pecker-wood, Red-Head DESCRIPTION The West Indian Woodpecker at approximately 10 inches in length, is the largest of the three woodpeckers that occur in The Bahamas. Its back and wings are striped black and white. Its underparts are a buff-cinnamon to brownish gray and its abdomen is red. Males have a scarlet crown, which extends down the back of the neck. In females the red is restricted to the rear of the head and back of the neck. DIET Birds of the Bahamian Pine Forest Woodpeckers play a special role in the food chain. They drill into trees to uncover insect food, to create nesting shelters and to communicate with other woodpeckers. While they do punch holes in trees, these trees are rarely healthy ones. By stripping the bark from dead or dying trees and cleaning up the resident wood borers or carpeneter ants, they prevent these pests from spreading to nearby healthy trees. Woodpeckers feed mainly on wood-boring grubs, insects, insect eggs and pupae. They also consume sap, nuts, and the fruit of some trees and shrubs. The West Indian Woodpecker has a number of body adaptations, which make it ideally suited for its unique place in the food chain. It has a sharp, stout bill with a chisel-like tip for chipping and digging into tree trunks and branches. Bones between the beak and the unusually thick skull are not as rigidly joined as they are in other birds. -
Lewis's Woodpecker (Melanerpes Lewis)
COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Lewis’s Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis in Canada THREATENED 2010 COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2010. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Lewis's Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. x + 23 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Previous report(s): COSEWIC. 2001. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Lewis’s Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vi + 18 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Velland, M. and V. Connolly. 1999. COSEWIC status report on the Lewis’s Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-18 pp. Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge Suzanne M. Beauchesne for writing the status report on the Lewis’s Woodpecker, Melanerpes lewis, in Canada, prepared under contract with Environment Canada, overseen and edited by Marty Leonard, Co-chair, COSEWIC Birds Species Specialist Subcommittee. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: 819-953-3215 Fax: 819-994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur le Pic de Lewis (Melanerpes lewis) au Canada. Cover illustration/photo: Lewis's Woodpecker — supplied by author (courtesy of U.S. -
Cuba Caribbean Endemic Birding VIII 3Rd to 12Th March 2017 (10 Days) Trip Report
Cuba Caribbean Endemic Birding VIII 3rd to 12th March 2017 (10 days) Trip Report Bee Hummingbird by Forrest Rowland Trip Report compiled by Tour Leader, Forrest Rowland Tour Participants: Alan Baratz, Ron and Cheryl Farmer, Cassia Gallagher, George Kenyon, Steve Nanz, Clive Prior, Heidi Steiner, Lucy Waskell, and Janet Zinn Trip Report – RBL Cuba - Caribbean Endemic Birding VIII 2017 2 ___________________________________________________________________________________ Tour Top Ten List: 1. Bee Hummingbird 6. Blue-headed Quail-Dove 2. Cuban Tody 7. Great Lizard Cuckoo 3. Cuban Trogon 8. Cuban Nightjar 4. Zapata Wren 9. Western Spindalis 5. Cuban Green Woodpecker 10. Gundlach’s Hawk ___________________________________________________________________________________ Tour Summary As any tour to Cuba does, we started by meeting up in fascinating Havana, where the drive from the airport to the luxurious (relatively, for Cuba) 5th Avenue Four Points Sheraton Hotel offers up more interesting sights than about any other airport drive I can think of. Passing oxcarts, Tractors hauling cane, and numerous old cars in various states of maintenance and care, participants made their way to one of the two Hotels in Cuba recently affiliated with larger world chain operations. While this might seem to be a bit of an odd juxtaposition to the indigenous parochial surroundings, the locals seem very excited to have the recent influx of foreign interest and monies to update and improve the local infrastructure, including this fine hotel. With the Russian embassy building dominating the skyline (a bizarre, monolithic, imposing structure indeed!) from our balconies, and the Caribbean on the horizon, we enjoyed the best Western Spindalis by Dušan Brinkhuizen accommodations in the city.