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Typification of Some Species Names in Elaphoglossum Section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae) from Brazil

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Typification of Some Species Names in Elaphoglossum Section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae) from Brazil Acta Botanica Brasilica 28(3): 404-407. 2014. doi: 10.1590/0102-33062014abb3389 Typification of some species names in Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae) from Brazil Fernando Bittencourt Matos1,3 Received: 16 October, 2013. Accepted: 18 March, 2014 ABSTRACT The fern genus Elaphoglossum has received a great deal of attention in Brazil over the last two centuries. Nevertheless, many of the early names remain inadequately typified. In this paper, the nomenclature of some Brazilian species of Elaphoglossum sect. Polytrichia is discussed under the rules and recommendations of the International Code of No- menclature for algae, fungi, and plants. Lectotypes are designated for the following names: Acrostichum amplissimum Fée; A. apodum Kaulf. var. sprucei Baker; A. glaziovii Fée; A. lindbergii Mett. ex Kuhn; A. prestonii Baker; Elaphoglossum spannagelii Rosenst.; and Elaphoglossum ulei H. Christ. Most of these types were collected in Brazil during the 19th century and are now preserved in several European herbaria. Key words: Ferns, neotropics, nomenclature, taxonomy, types Introduction Brazil. The members of this section can be recognized mor- phologically by the presence of subulate scales and absence During the preparation of a taxonomic revision of Ela- of hydathodes on the leaves of adult sporophytes (Mickel phoglossum Schott ex J. Sm. (Dryopteridaceae) in Brazil, I & Atehortúa 1980; Matos & Moran 2013). found several scientific names that needed to be lectotypi- fied. Many of these names were first published in Acrosti- chum L., which formerly included all ferns with acrostichoid Material and methods sori. It is realized nowadays that such an assemblage results in a paraphyletic group containing species now placed in This study was largely based on the examination of distinct families (see Smith et al. 2006). Within Brazil, Ela- types and other specimens from the following herbaria: phoglossum has received a great deal of floristic attention AAU, ALCB, B, BHCB, BM, BR, CEPEC, CGE, COL, CR, (e.g., Fée 1869; 1873; Baker 1870; Rosenstock 1906–1907; F, GH, HB, HBR, HUEFS, INB, INPA, JBSD, K, LE, LIL, Alston 1958; Brade 1961; 1965; Sehnem 1979; Windisch & LSCR, M, MBM, MEXU, MO, NY, P, PH, PI, R, RB, S, SP, Kieling-Rúbio 2010), but many names have yet to be typi- SPF, UC, UPCB, and US (acronyms according to Thiers fied. Brade (1966) studied some types that were collected by 2013). Many of these herbaria are currently in the process of Glaziou in Brazil and are now preserved at the Herbarium databasing their collections, and in several cases the sheets of the National Museum of Natural History in Paris, France are provided with a barcode label and number serving as a (herbarium P). He cited many of these collections as “typus,” unique identifier. Whenever possible, these numbers were in what was then an effective lectotypification, but without used here to refer to a particular specimen of a gathering. designating a specific specimen as a lectotype. This situ- Most of the information about botanical publications, ation is covered by Article 9.17 of the International Code authors, collectors, dates, and types was taken from Urban of Nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2012), which provides for (1906) and Stafleu & Cowan (1976-1988). In some cases, the narrowing of a lectotypification from such a “first-step” I included additional information about collecting locali- designation of a gathering to a “second-step” designation of ties in the nomenclatural paragraphs. Such information is a single specimen. Rouhan & Cremers (2006) also lectotypi- enclosed in square brackets and was inferred from reliable fied some names from Brazil. external evidence other than the protologue. Typification In this paper, I clarify the names of certain species of followed the guidelines established in the Melbourne Code Elaphoglossum sect. Polytrichia H. Christ described from (McNeill et al. 2012). 1 The New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Systematic Botany, Bronx, NY, USA 2 The City University of New York, Graduate Center, New York, NY, USA 3 Author for correspondence: [email protected] Typifi cation of some species names in Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae) from Brazil Typifications Amazonas: Spruce 2186”. Of these two gatherings, Spruce 2186 has more duplicates. Two sheets of Spruce 2186 are at 1. Acrostichum amplissimum Fée, Crypt. Vasc. Brés. 1: 5, tab. K where Baker worked, both being fertile and complete. I 6. 1869. Elaphoglossum amplissimum (Fée) H. Christ, Bull. select K000898850 as the lectotype because it has Spruce’s Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 2(3): 328. 1902 – Lectotype (desig- authentic label annotated as “cotype.” Alston (1958) was the nated here): BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: [Angra dos Reis], first to synonymize this species under Elaphoglossum ray- Serra do Ariro, 19/VI/1868, Glaziou 2436 (P00249820!; waense, a decision followed by Mickel (1991), who did not isolectotypes P00249821 p.p.!, P00249822!, P00249823!). locate the types, in his treatment of Elaphoglossum for Peru. = Elaphoglossum scolopendrifolium (Raddi) J. Sm., Bot. Mag. 72: 17. 1846. 3. Acrostichum glaziovii Fée, Crypt. Vasc. Brés. 1: 6, tab. 1, There are four sheets of Glaziou 2436 at P. From among f. 1. 1869. Elaphoglossum glaziovii (Fée) Brade, Sellowia these, I select P00249820 as the lectotype because it has Fée’s 18: 99. 1966 – Lectotype (designated here): BRAZIL. Rio original label and a paper tag with the collection number de Janeiro: [Floresta da] Tijuca, 18/XI/1867, Glaziou 2059 (n. 2436) attached to the petiole. It also has a handwritten (P00249745!; isolectotypes BR0000006972530!, P00249746!, note suggesting that the specimen was used to prepare the P00249747!, P00249748!). illustrations for the original publication (Fée 1869: Tab. 6). There are four sheets of Glaziou 2059 at P and one at Sheet number P01398966 bears the same collection BR, all of which are fertile and complete (i.e., leaves attached number as the type (i.e., Glaziou 2436), but should not be to the stem). I select P00249745 as the lectotype because considered part of the original material for two reasons: it is the only one with Fée’s original label and has a paper First, the label has a different collection date (i.e., 1870), tag with the collection number (n. 2059) attached to the indicating that the specimen was collected after the name petiole. There is also indication that this material was used was validly published. Second, this specimen was probably to prepare the illustrations for the original publication (Fée never examined by Fée, as suggested by a label stating that 1869: Tab. 1, Fig. 1). it was transferred to P from the “Herbarium Cadomense” Sheet number P01604287 of Glaziou 2059 should (CN) on 6 November 1974. not be considered an isolectotype for the same reasons Sheet number P00249821 is a mixed collection contain- presented above for P01398966 (see under Acrostichum ing two different species. Only the specimen at the bottom amplissimum Fée). corresponds to the original description, being a young In tentatively transferring Acrostichum glaziovii Fée to sporophyte of Acrostichum amplissimum [= Elaphoglos- Elaphoglossum, Brade (1961) did not provide a full and di- sum scolopendrifolium (Raddi) J. Sm.], and not E. glaziovii rect reference to the basionym and its place of valid publica- (Fée) Brade as stated by Brade (1966). In his treatment of tion. Being made after 1 January 1953, this new combination the Brazilian species of Elaphoglossum, Alston (1958) was was not validly published (McNeill et al. 2012: Art. 41.5). the first to synonymize A. amplissimum under E. scolo- After five years, however, the same author validly published pendrifolium (Raddi) J. Sm. After observing plants in the the new combination E. glaziovii (Fée) Brade (Brade 1966) field and studying both types, I can confirm that Alston’s by indicating the basionym, as well as its author and place interpretation was correct. of valid publication. 2. Acrostichum apodum Kaulf. var. sprucei Baker in 4. Acrostichum hybridum Bory var. minor Baker in Mart., Mart., Fl. Bras. 1(2): 578. 1870 – Lectotype (designated Fl. Bras. 1(2): 574. 1870 – Holotype: [BRAZIL. Rio de here): [BRAZIL. Amazonas: São Gabriel da Cachoeira], Janeiro:] Serra dos Órgãos, s.d., Gardner 5925 (BM!). “Prope San Gabriel da Cachoeira, ad Rio Negro, Brasiliae = Elaphoglossum hybridum (Bory) Brack., U.S. Expl. Ex- borealis”, I–VIII 1852, Spruce 2186 (K000898850!; iso- ped., Filic. 16: 69. 1854. lectotypes B200071758!, B200072410!, BM001026214!, This infraspecific taxon (as “Var. ß. minor”) was de- BR0000006972011!, CGE13097!, CGE13098!, CGE13099!, scribed from a single specimen, Gardner 5925 (BM). This GH!, K000898849!, P01464083!, P01464084!, P01464085!, specimen must, therefore, be regarded as the holotype US00067318!, US01100827!). (McNeill et al. 2012: Art. 9, Note 1). The sheet contains an Another syntype: [BRAZIL. Pará:] “Tanaii, ad Rio Acara, entire plant, with two sterile leaves and one fertile leaf at- juxta Para,” VII–IX 1849, Spruce s.n. (CGE13096!, K: on 3 tached to a short creeping stem. sheets!, P01464087!). = Elaphoglossum raywaense (Jenman) Alston, Bol. Soc. 5. Acrostichum lindbergii Mett. ex Kuhn, Linnaea 36: 46. Brot., sér. 2, 32: 24. 1958. 1869. Elaphoglossum lindbergii (Mett. ex Kuhn) Rosenst., This varietal name (as “Var. ß. apodum”) was based Hedwigia 46: 153. 1907 – Lectotype (designated here): on two syntypes, both from Amazonian Brazil: [1] “prope BRAZIL. [Minas Gerais:] Caldas, Chácara do Olivei- Tanaii ad Rio Acara prov. Paraensis: Spruce s.n.”; and [2] “in ra, I/1855, Lindberg 537 (B200071096!; isolectotypes sylvis Caatingas prope S. Gabriel da Cachoeira prov. do Alto B200071099!, K!). Acta bot. bras. 28(3): 404-407. 2014. 405 Fernando Bittencourt Matos = Elaphoglossum hybridum (Bory) Brack., U.S. Expl. Ex- two duplicates of the original material at Kew, both being ped., Filic. 16: 69. 1854. sterile but complete (i.e., leaves attached to a stem). Between There are two duplicates of Lindberg 537 at B, which them, I select the herbarium sheet that has three leaves is where the German pteridologist Kuhn used to work.
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