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Renewable Energy in KOREA

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Renewable Energy in KOREA Status and Prospects of New & Renewable Energy in KOREA November 25, 2013, Chile SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, SUNGKYUNKWAN UNIVERSITY, KOREA Youn-Jea Kim CHILE ↔ KOREA 30 Hour Republic of Korea Chile . Population : 48,955,203 . Population : 17,216,945 . Area : 99,720 km2 . Area : 756,102 km2 . Language : Korean . Language : Español . GDP (person) : $23,679 . GDP (person) : $15,453 . Capital : Seoul . Capital : Santiago CHILE ↔ KOREA Korea Free Trade Agreement Chile Tendency of import and export US$ million Import Export Total 2004. 04 SUNGKYUNKWAN UNIVERSITY SINCE 1996 ESTABLISHED, 1398, SKKU CONTENTS INTRODUCTION NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY COLLABORATING FUTURE WORKS INTRODUCTION Greenhouse gas Source : EIA, AEO 2013 The exhaustion of natural resources & Global warming Fossil fuel Environmental pollution Environmental pollution •GHG(Green House Gas) emission •1997, Kyoto Protocol New & Renewable Energy Development INTRODUCTION Major Renewable Energy Development Tidal power Solar thermal Hydro power Geothermal power Wind power Biomass Renewable energy is plentiful, and the technologies are improving all the time. There are many ways to use renewable energy. Most of us already use renewable energy in our daily lives. INTRODUCTION 1600 Geothermal Etc 1400 Solar thermal 1200 Solar energy (PV + solar thermal) 1000 800 Wind power 600 Biomass Energy consumption [EJ/a] consumption Energy Hydro power 400 Nuclear 200 Coal Oil 0 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2100 INTRODUCTION Global New Investment in Renewable Energy Developed VS Developing countries, 2012, Global new investment in renewable energy and total growth on 2011, $BN by region, 2012, $BN Asia & Oceania Source : Bloomberg New Energy Finance Total values include estimates for New investment volume adjusts undisclosed deals. New investment volume for re-invested equity. Total values adjusts for re-invested equity. Includes include estimates for undisclosed estimates for small distributed capacity, deals. corporate and government R&D. Developed volumes are based on OECD countries excluding Mexico, Chile and Turkey. INTRODUCTION Global New Investment in Renewable Energy by Region, 2004-2012, $BN Source : Bloomberg New Energy Finance China shows the steepest and the most constant growth in investment : 2004 ($2.6 billion) 2012 ($66.6 billion) The America excluding the US and Brazil shows a steadily rising line : 2004 ($1.4 billion) 2012 ($9.5 billion) via a temporary peak at 11.5 billion in 2010 INTRODUCTION Chile 20/20 PROJECT Renewable energy Energy efficiency Carbon emission 20% 20% 20% Renewable energy generation 684.33MW [4%] Total electricity generation 1,7144MW [96%] Source : Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency, KOTRA RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power Annual global energy consumption by humans Source : National petrleum council Photovoltaic The global solar flux [kWh/m2/y] Solar thermal Source : (top) Breyer and Schmidt, 2010 RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power Compound Annual Growth Rate, CAGR of PV System Key areas with high marketability, technological feasibility and urgency Technology level Technologies Global market Domestic production (Max=100%) Rapid growth of global Photovoltaic $20 billion $140 million 83% markets Wind Power $37.5 billion $400 million 79% Development of related domestic industries LED $14 billion $1.16 billion 65% ⇨ Early development Power IT $13 billion $70 million 85% Large potential of Hydrogen Fuel Cells $3.2 billion - 66% global markets urgency of securing IGCC $8.6 billion - 56% technological CTL/GTL $28.5 billion - 50% competitiveness Energy Storage $0.5 billion - 60% ⇨ Next generation development CCS - - 65% RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power, KOREA PV Dissemination RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power, KOREA Distribution of VLS-PV Plants • The number of PV plant reaches to 997 • The cumulative PV generation is 287GWh by 2009 (132 million) RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power, KOREA Major Companies RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar energy, CHILE Climate in the Atakama Desert Ideal conditions for solar energy. The highest solar radiations in the world. Up-to 9.28 kWh/m2 Solar power demand in the Chile. Widespread cuts of hydroelectric generation by the drought in resent year. High dependence in fossil fuel energy in the northern region Continuous expanding of the mining industry in northern region. Vast disused area in the northern region. RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power, Trend of Research KOREA PV Vision 3 Activate Private Sector Investment 1.3 GW installation Industry, National Lab, University Key Tech. ownership 2 Leading Tech. and cost Role Play Common center operation Next Gen Tech Share standard test unit 50 MW installation 1 International Cooperation Year: 2004-2006 2007-2012 2013-2020 Industrial Tech. Future Tech. R&D World Top 3 Infra-Structure Activate market RENEWABLE ENERGY : Solar power, Trend of Research Real-time analysis of low-concentration photovoltaic PV Engineer Education Program in SKKU systems: A review towards development of sustainable energy technology, 2013 RENEWABLE ENERGY : Tidal power Rance Annapolis Kislaya Jiangxia France Canada Russia China Max. tidal 13.5 8.7 3.9 8.39 Industry 240 20 0.4 3.2 capacity Annual energy 544 50 1.2 6. production The Year of 1966 1984 1968 1980 completion Tidal Power is the power of electricity generation achieved by capturing the energy contained in moving water mass due to tides. Two types of tidal energy can be extracted: kinetic energy of currents between ebbing and surging tides and potential energy from the difference in height between high and low tides. All coastal areas experience high and low tide. If the difference between high and low tides is more than 16 feet, The differences can be used to produce electricity. There are approximately 40 sites on earth where tidal differences are sufficient. Tidal energy is more reliable than wave energy because it based on the moon and we can predict them. It is intermittent, generating energy for only 6-12 hours in each 24 hour period, so demand for energy will not always be in line with supply. RENEWABLE ENERGY : Tidal power Benefits of tidal power generation include Predictable source of clean energy No dependence on foreign fuel sources Flood protection Transport links for road and/or rail Better shipping and boating conditions behind the barrier Disadvantages include The timing of the tides doesn’t often correlate with peak demand times(less of a problem if there are good energy storage options available ) Existing ecosystems behind the barrage tend to be heavily altered Enhance flood risk on the seaward side Shipping would have to navigate locks Industrial discharges behind the barrage are less likely to be dispersed out to sea RENEWABLE ENERGY : Tidal power, KOREA Tide Spring Station Area embank range capacity [km2] ment [m] [GMh] [km] Sihwa 7.8 56.5 12.67 552 Ganghwa 8.97 84.9 8.34 1,556 Incheon 7.3 106 16.9 2,414 Sihwa Ganghwa Incheon RENEWABLE ENERGY : Tidal power, CHILE Potential region Energy potential Chacao, Magallanes 164.9GW Coastline of Chile Expect possibility 4,270km of development Source : CNE, Garrad Hassan & Partners Limited Development potential Capacity of generate Annual energy [MW] production [GWH] Chacao tidal power 150~200 500~1000 generation Sihwa tidal power 254 552 generation RENEWABLE ENERGY : Tidal power, Trend of Research Impact of different operating modes Operational planning of an Evaluation of vertical axis turbine for a Severn Barrage on the tidal independent micro-grid characteristics for tidal current power and flood inundation in the containing tidal power generators, power plant based on in situ Severn Estuary, UK, 2010 SOFCs, and photovoltaics), 2013 experiment, 2013 RENEWABLE ENERGY : Wind power Wind turbines are systems that harness the kinetic energy of the wind for useful power. Wind flows over the rotor of a wind turbine, causing it to rotate on a shaft. The resulting shaft power can be used for mechanical work, like pumping water, or to turn a generator to produce electrical power. RENEWABLE ENERGY : Wind power Wind power • No pollution, No fuel energy • Job creation • Economically feasible • Utility value of territory Source : Summary of Anthropogenic Causes of Bird Mortality RENEWABLE ENERGY : Wind power, KOREA Source : WWEA, World Wind Energy Association, 2012 Annual Report Wind turbine generation manufacturers, Korea Manufacturers function Hyosung 750kW, 2MW Union 750kW, 2MW Hyundai 5/3.6MW Doosan 3MW Samsung 2.5MW Hanjin 1.5MW RENEWABLE ENERGY : Wind power, CHILE Global installed wind power capacity [MW], Regional distribution Source : GWEC, Global Wind Report 2010 Denmark Tuno ocean complex Denmark Middelgrunden ocean complex RENEWABLE ENERGY : Wind power, Trend of Research Wind tunnel testing of a horizontal Validation of a CFD model of Development of a 20 kW wind turbine axis wind turbine rotor and wind turbine wakes with simulator with similarities to a 3 MW comparison with simulations from terrain effects, 2013 wind turbine, 2013 two Blade Element Momentum codes, 2013 RENEWABLE ENERGY : Geothermal power Energy Potential Investment cost cost future energy US$/kW [US$/kWh] cost US$/[kWh] Biomass 1–5 1–5 250-750 Wind 0.5–5 0.5-5 200-2000 Solar 5–13 3-10 1100-1700 Geothermal 3–20 2-10 500-1700 Source : IGA, 2013 Hydrothermal resources at high temperatures (300 to 700oF) can be used to make electricity. These high-temperature resources may come from either dry steam wells or hot water wells. We can use these resources by drilling wells into the Earth and piping the
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