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Palaeontological Society of Japan Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Japan New Series No. 77 Palaeontological Society of Japan April lOth, 1970 Editor: Tokio SHIKAMA Associate Editor: Kiyotaka CHINZEI Officers for 1969-1970 President: Fuyuji T AKAI Councillors (*Executives): Kiyoshi ASANO*, Tetsuro HANAI* (Secretary), Kotora HATAI, Itaru HAYAMI, Koichiro ICHIKAWA, Taro KANAYA, Kametoshi KAN­ MERA, Teiichi KOBAYASHI, Kenji KO NISHI, Tamio KOTAKA, Tatsuro MATSU­ MOTO*, Masao MrNATO, Hiroshi OZAKI* (Treasurer), Tokio SHIKAMA*, Fuyuji TAKA!* Executive Committee (Chairman: Fuyuji T AKAI) General Affairs: Tetsuro HANAI, Takashi HAMADA, Yasuhide IwASAKI Membership: Takashi HAMADA Finance: Hiroshi OzAKI, Saburo KANNO Planning: Hiroshi OZAKI, Hiroshi UJUE Publications Transactions: Tokio SHIKAMA, Kiyotaka CHINZEI Special Papers: Tatsuro MATSUMOTO, Tomowo OZAWA "Fossils": Kiyoshi ASANO, Yokichi TAKA YANAGI Fossils on the cover is Globorotalia truncatulinoides (D '0RBIGNY, 1839). The photograph was taken on a scanning electron microscope, JEOL-JSM-2, x 100. All communications relating to this journal should be addressed to the PALAEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN Geological Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113, Japan Sole agent: University of Tokyo Press Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N. S., No. 77, pp. 205-228, pl. 23, April 10, 1970 561. A MIOCENE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA IN THE PHILIPPINES Y ASUHIDE IWASAKI Department of Geology, University Museum, University of Tokyo 71 !I -:;l:::':,-~f.Jlb~O)I=j:l~Ji'i!t~1t.fi"Wf: 1966~fnllfi!i::.Jv'/ :,-lfb Tayabas !tk!KO)!l[\'.i(f\'4 1i!iiDij:J!l:~fT-:>f.:=*:ftlilt!$ • fRiii.IJPJrjiljj!!;f;J:, f*:ffv;J:.Li!. < t.;:v'i.l;ml: r.d~ili-t Mllifb;~ :Q c ,'(l:l,:b;h, :Q~1t.15r~*~· 2 -7FJftP;J:.U~Lt1f'011!l--:>f.:. ~/±II~Mr!lll Gumaca ~O)J.:!l!IL'$~Jf*lf0) m-e~"? t.::. ~ "Ctl\'l*~~;J:=t!(~ 20 w.. ~~ 16lmi.l;~t&)}1J~n. =1'117Jl~O) u W.H~v''"CT""­ "CP,!/;*rJ0)1t.Elll! • :ffl.itf.l!IC.fiij~~tl.'"C\t':Q. ~~J]':Jt.;:fjfic l....'"C, Vicarya callosa, Anadara multijormis, ]oannisiella cumingi, Paphia exarata t.;: c·~*J;., ..§.-:> '"( MARTIN, SMITH ~ICJ: -:>'"CfiUmi~tJ..t-: 71 !I -:;l:::':/,&~1 :.-' f::f.~7/JlliiiCJA< :$J':fni"":QI=j:l~Jj'Mi:r$ O)~J;R~vr.f*- :.J!~#u:ltfl1t.:fillf.lr.r~-t :Q c J!f4l( J....{~:Q. -/JO)ll[I:BJ:tk Pitogof;Ji[i:O) 2 ~iJ,; ~;tt.t-:: t~*~lHr. -::>v''"C f;J:, =1'3't::$J't.:MH-cv;J:~ :QiJ~ l!~fiiU;IJ-:Q 11[!±\;jj\@il'; §$_0)fillllf fi'ltliH~fjiJ[;""t:Q t. ci.I~L' ~ :Q. t.O)~!f;, :ffl.J:lli$.1Clli:v' Dosinia-Anacf.ara llf.~ci!I!Mi:~tt.t.: c,i(l:l,:btJ..:Q Batillaria llf.~O)jitij~*O)/~il-L.t.:JbO)cfi~~;h,:Q. ]!!lr.. t.O)l/if/Ji "Pitogo fauna" f;J: E*O)m.i~~~t.;: cvr.J;.;tl,.:Q Vicarya ~*tr~1t.15Uc i!lit@J'I':Jir. Jbj;,jlll)"C J: < ~w, 1.... '"Cv' :Q. Jitii~~l.mllfti'ltnX:O)J:il' ;.!U.!(-t :Q c, Jitii!lliO) f.it~O) itv' ~.&:~ J.... "C{!Mk 0) llf.~O)f./ltnX:lli!O))..;h,t< ~ l;l:, r, I iR~IC~It:Q~OCllbcf.l!-=f-7-llbJitii!l[\~O)~J: ~ t::k~v'i.l;, ~-:>t.::< fiiJ-O)it~!ikf_lll!Kvr.~-t:QcJ;."C;fJI'lv;J:t.:v'. 1/h"Cv':b~:Q "rViR~!Ilb~llf." c ll:ilif(L' ~ :Q, f;J: :Qi.l>ffi/J~:IltJ:ICff:fET :Q ~1t.15Uc 1.... '"C l!lit~:J.i!!fJI!O)fd/#.i.l,; J!it;tt.;: v'. & < c t l=j:l~Ji*ltr!lBO) 13*0) ~{t.1-illf0) itit~ttkJ:lll~~':Jn!t!J;Kv;J:, JRi¥i7 :/7!1!?.~~ Ht ~lCT:Q,Jl,~i.l;~;:, ?. *$&']5-"Cv;l:,~J'fv;l: KIMURA et al. (1968) IC~v'~. ~f,:~{t:Pllf c J...."CJ;.t.::~il"v;J:, ~~il13*0)-=ttJ..CJ:t!J.!(-t:Qcv'?.ll.t~-cJ&tlh'"Cv':Q. :!Ei ·~~ * ~ Introduction summarized with special emphasis on stratigraphy and geological structure In early 1966, a geological survey was (KIMURA, T., TOKUYAMA, A., GONZALES, made jointly by Japanese and Philippine B. A. & ANDAL, D. R., 1968). Marine geologists to contribute to the knowledge molluscan fossils were collected from the of geology and paleontology of Southeast lower Gumaca formation of the lower Asia. The surveyed area is the Tayabas Miocene near Pitogo and the Hondagua Isthmus district in the southern part of formation at southeast of Hondagua, and Luzon Island, the Philippines, where the were fowarded to the writer for paleont­ marine Neogene sediments are distri­ ological study. buted widely and cover the pre-Tertiary The fossil specimens are not well pre. rocks with unconformity. The ages of served and to some extent decalcified. these sediments ranges from the lower However, 36 species of gastropods and Miocene to Pleistocene. The result ob. bivalves are recognized; 25 of them are tained from their field survey has been identifiable with species already known Received June 4, 1969; read Jan. 25, 1969 but 11 are remained indeterminable. As at the Annual Meeting of the Society. already pointed out by DICKERSON, R. E. 205 206 Yasuhide IWASAKI graphy and faunal lists of the Philip­ pine Tertiary by SMITH, W. D. (1913, ..0 . 1924), DICKERSON (1921, 1922) and CORBY, G. W. et al. (1951) are referred fully for ecological evaluation as well as for taxo­ nomical comparison. The knowledge obtained from the study of the Japanese Miocene formations such as recognition of four assemblages in the Kadonosawa­ type fauna (CHINZEI, K. & IWASAKI, Y., 1967) is app1icable in all probability to assemblage analysis of the Pitogo fauna. The species association of the Pitogo fauna can be regarded as a mixture of two paleoecological elements, the Batil­ Fig. 1. Location of Pitogo and Tayabas laria and the Anadara-Dosinia assem­ Isthmus district in the Philippines. blages. The Ostrea assemblage may not be found near the locality of this fauna, (1921), all species are either identifiable but the Pitogo fauna is, in conclusion, to the living species of neighbourhood similar in ecological and taxonomical of the Philippines or common to the nature to the Japanese Kadonosawa-type fossil species of the Miocene of Java. fauna. In the early Miocene age, the Some of these species or their. allied same faunal province covered both the forms such as Vicarya callosa JENKINS, Japanese and Philippine Islands where Anadara multiformis (MARTIN) and ]oan­ the molluscs consist of the similar nisiella cumingi (HANLEY) are found also species association found in sediments in a certain Japanese Neogene fauna in the similar environment. The Pitogo which has tropical type species associ­ fauna is of shallow embayment facies, ation. Thus the Philippihe fauna, here which corresponds to the coal-measure called the Pitogo fauna provisionally, facies of CORBY et al. (1951), and makes provides rare opportunity for compara­ a contrast with the fauna of reef or tive study. of the Japanese lower .Mio­ calcareous facies. cene fauna with the Philippine fauna in Such species as Strombus tjilongan­ species to species basis. ensis MARTIN and Oliva cf. funebralis The discussions on paleoecology of LAMARCK are absent or rare in the the Pitogo fauna may be no more than Kadonosawa-type fauna. This differ­ mere general remarks because the re­ ence can be regarded as geographical cord on species association is available within the province and seems to re­ only at one locality, and the mode of present the difference between north­ occurrence, which is not autochthonous, ern margin and near center of a faunal does not permit any further inference distribution. Species association found on the association of species. Mono­ in the Miocene formation of Tanega­ graphs of the Tertiary molluscs of Java shima Island, southern Japan, which is by MARTIN, K. (1879), those of the Gaj the southernmost record of the Kado­ Miocene of Pakistan by .VREDENBURG, nosawa-type fauna, still shows a con­ E. (1928), and discussions on biostrati- siderable difference from that of the 561. Philippine Mioc ene Mollusca 207 T-'itogo fauna. In future, however, the t he Philippines making a correlation ·Occurrence of " Vicarya-bearing fauna" with the Tertiary of Java, and described wi ll connect the Kadonosawa-type and approxin; ately 60 species of gastropods the Pitogo faunas and wi ll make clear and bivalves chiefly from the Neogene ·t he · outline of geographical variations and Pleistocene formations! SMITH (1924) within one faunal province. and DICKERSO ' (1922) made further dis­ cussions oh :, biostratigraphy of the Philippines: · · ~hr e e molluscan fau nas of Fossil molluscs from the lower the· different ages i. e. fauna of the Gumaca· formation in the Miocene Vi go group or Batan formation, Tayabas Isthmus district of the Pliocene Malumbang formation and of the Pleistocene fo rmations were i) General remarks. recognized; and the · similarity ·of the It has been well known that t he molluscan faunas between the Philip­ Neogene molluscan fossi ls occur from pines and the Indonesia was also pointed various lo calities in the Philippines and out. DICKERSON (1924) presented a paper adjacent regions such as the Indonesia on the paleogeographical change of the and Burma. jENKI NS, H. M. (1863) re­ Philippine Islands during the Neogene. ported the Tertiary, probably Miocene, HAy AS AKA, I. (1943, 1944), in his reports fossil molluscs from java. The fauna on some Neogene molluscan fossi ls from -described in the report is composed of the Philippines, recorded the associate ~ 24 species contammg Conus, Oliva, occurrence of Anadara multifonnis and Murex, Vicarya and others. MARTI N Vicarya sp. in the Philippine Miocene.
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