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University Microfilms International 300 N INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material subm itted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “ target” fo r pages apparently lacking from the docum ent photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted you will find a target note listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning” the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. Requests can be made to our Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases we have filmed the best available copy. University Microfilms International 300 N. ZEEB RD., ANN ARBOR, Ml 48106 8129092 Sc h u s t e r , C l a r a Sh a w THE RELATIONSHIP OF PRENATAL AND PERINATAL FACTORS TO THE MOTHER’S PERCEPTION OF HER ONE-MONTH OLD INFANT The Ohio State University PH.D. 1981 University Microfilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, M I 48106 Copyright 1981 by Schuster, Clara Shaw All Rights Reserved PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or p ag e s_______ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print______ 3. Photographs with dark background______ 4. Illustrations are poor copy_______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy______ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page_______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages t 8. Print exceeds margin requirements ______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine_______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print _______ 11. Page(s) _____________ lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(s) _____________ seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered ______________ . Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages _______ 15. Other ______________________________________________________________________________ University Microfilms International THE RELATIONSHIP OF PRENATAL AND PERINATAL FACTORS TO THE MOTHER'S PERCEPTION OF HER ONE-MONTH OLD INFANT DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Clara Shaw Schuster, B.S.N., M.Ed. ***** The Ohio State University 1981 Reading Committee: Approved By Thomas M. Stephens, Ed.D. James L. Collins, Ph.D. Charles Wenar, Ph.D. David S. Hill, Ed.D. Adviser Faculty for Exceptional Children Richard, who made me a mother; Elizabeth, who makes me proud to be a mother. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Every research study is the result of collective efforts, even though only one name may appear on the final product. This document is no exception. It could not, would not, have become a reality without the collaborative assistance of many other persons. Appreciation is expressed to Doctors Alan Fairchild, Deborah Franley, Joseph Nussbaum, and Joseph Poole for their professional support and cooperation in identifying poten­ tial subjects for this study. Their nurses, Ann Smith, Sue Riley, Sue Miller, and Marsha De Chant, made the initial contacts with the clients, informed them about the study, and obtained the initial Permission to Participate forms. Special appreciation is extended to the administra­ tion and to the nursing staff of Knox Community Hospital of Mount Vernon, Ohio. The interest and assistance of the nursing staff helped to shorten the period of investigation, and facilitated optimal conditions for assessing the infants. Their friendliness and their interest in high-quality client care is commended. One would be remiss not to acknowledge the support of her reading committee, Thomas Stephens, James Collins, Charles Wenar, and David Kill. Special thanks goes to the latter for his assistance with data analysis. This study could not have been accomplished without the parents who consented to share their special event with the researcher. These parents opened their homes and their hearts because they, too, want to be a part of help­ ing to make this a better world for the next generation of parents. Their interest, their honesty, and the time they extended to make this study of value is appreciated. Genuine gratitude is felt for the efforts of my husband, Richard Schuster, who typed and retyped the manu­ script, to Bettie Hill, who assisted with proofreading and many other secretarial tasks, and to my father, Robert Shaw, for helping to prepare my data for the computer. VITA September 24, 193$ .... Born - San Francisco, California 1957 - 1959 .......... .. Eastern Nazarene College, Wollaston, Massachusetts 1962 .................. B.S.N., Cornell University •— New York Hospital School of Nursing, Nev.' York, New York 19o2 - 1963 ............ Staff Nurse, Quincy Visiting Nurse’s Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 1963 - 1966................ Instructor, Massachusetts Gen­ eral Hospital School of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts 1965.......................... M.Bb., Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts i960 - I96 S ............Staff Nurse, Massachusetts Gen­ eral Hospital, Boston, Mass­ achusetts I 96S - 1970 ............ Director, Staff Development, Martin Memorial Hospital, Mount Vernon, Ohio 1971 - 1973 ............ Instructor, Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 1973 - 1976 ............ Instructor, School of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1976 - .................. Educational Consultant, Handicap Services, Knox County Head Start, Mount Vernon, Ohio 1980 - 1981 ....... Presidential Fellowship, The Ohio State University v PUBLICATIONS "Modified Tub Bath," videofilm for patient and student edu­ cation. The Ohio State University Medical Audiovisual and Television Center, 1975* "Cord Care," videofilm for patient and student education. The Ohio State University Medical Audiovisual and Tele­ vision Center, 1975* Supervising in orange sneakers, Supervisor Nurse, 1976, 7(9), 57-60. Selected and annotated bibliography on the reactions of parents to physically disabled infants, 1965-1975• Resources in Education, Nov. 1976. (ED 125 177) Normal physiological parameters through the life cycle, Nurse Practitioner, 1977, 2.(3), 25-26. Schuster, Clara S. (in cooperation with Knox County Children Services). Understanding Children's Behavior. Mount Vernon Ohio: Knox County \v elf are t> epar tm en t, '19 *79. Selected and annotated bibliography for parents of preschool aged physically impaired children. Resources in Education, Feb. I960, 15(2). (ED 176 443) ' Schuster, Clara S., and Ashburn, Shirley S. The Process of Human Development, a Holistic Approach. Boston: Little, brown & Co., 19*50. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Education for Exceptional Children Focus: Preschool-Aged Physically Disabled Children Supporting Fields: Developmental Psychology Early and Middle Childhood TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................... iii VITA ............... ............................... v LIST OF T A B L E S ................ x LIST OF F I G U R E S ................ xii Chapter I. INTRODUCTION ......................... 1 Background of the S t u d y .................. S History of a Concept of Infancy ..... S The Role of the Mother in Infant Develop­ ment ...................... 13 Attachment and Bonding Theories ........ 17 The Infant-Mother Relationship .... 17 The Mother-Infant Relationship .... 24 Statement of the Problem.................. 29 General Systems Theory . .............. 31 A Model of M o t h e r i n g .................. 35 Purpose of the S t u d y ...................... 40 Hypothesis .............................. 42 Justification of the Study in Terms of General Value and N e e d .................... 43 Relationship to a Larger Research Project. 45 Limitations of the Study ..... 49 Summary ..... ........................ 51 II. REVIEW OF RELATED L I T E R A T U R E ................. 52 Mother Love ........................ 52 Prenatal ..... .. 54 Biophysical Basis of Bonding . ........ 62 The Influence of the Neonate on the Mother ...................... ..... 70 Visual S k i l l s .
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