A Comparison of Intertidal Species Richness and Composition Between Central California and Oahu, Hawaii
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The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. -
COMPLETE LIST of MARINE and SHORELINE SPECIES 2012-2016 BIOBLITZ VASHON ISLAND Marine Algae Sponges
COMPLETE LIST OF MARINE AND SHORELINE SPECIES 2012-2016 BIOBLITZ VASHON ISLAND List compiled by: Rayna Holtz, Jeff Adams, Maria Metler Marine algae Number Scientific name Common name Notes BB year Location 1 Laminaria saccharina sugar kelp 2013SH 2 Acrosiphonia sp. green rope 2015 M 3 Alga sp. filamentous brown algae unknown unique 2013 SH 4 Callophyllis spp. beautiful leaf seaweeds 2012 NP 5 Ceramium pacificum hairy pottery seaweed 2015 M 6 Chondracanthus exasperatus turkish towel 2012, 2013, 2014 NP, SH, CH 7 Colpomenia bullosa oyster thief 2012 NP 8 Corallinales unknown sp. crustous coralline 2012 NP 9 Costaria costata seersucker 2012, 2014, 2015 NP, CH, M 10 Cyanoebacteria sp. black slime blue-green algae 2015M 11 Desmarestia ligulata broad acid weed 2012 NP 12 Desmarestia ligulata flattened acid kelp 2015 M 13 Desmerestia aculeata (viridis) witch's hair 2012, 2015, 2016 NP, M, J 14 Endoclaydia muricata algae 2016 J 15 Enteromorpha intestinalis gutweed 2016 J 16 Fucus distichus rockweed 2014, 2016 CH, J 17 Fucus gardneri rockweed 2012, 2015 NP, M 18 Gracilaria/Gracilariopsis red spaghetti 2012, 2014, 2015 NP, CH, M 19 Hildenbrandia sp. rusty rock red algae 2013, 2015 SH, M 20 Laminaria saccharina sugar wrack kelp 2012, 2015 NP, M 21 Laminaria stechelli sugar wrack kelp 2012 NP 22 Mastocarpus papillatus Turkish washcloth 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 NP, SH, CH, M 23 Mazzaella splendens iridescent seaweed 2012, 2014 NP, CH 24 Nereocystis luetkeana bull kelp 2012, 2014 NP, CH 25 Polysiphonous spp. filamentous red 2015 M 26 Porphyra sp. nori (laver) 2012, 2013, 2015 NP, SH, M 27 Prionitis lyallii broad iodine seaweed 2015 M 28 Saccharina latissima sugar kelp 2012, 2014 NP, CH 29 Sarcodiotheca gaudichaudii sea noodles 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 NP, CH, M, J 30 Sargassum muticum sargassum 2012, 2014, 2015 NP, CH, M 31 Sparlingia pertusa red eyelet silk 2013SH 32 Ulva intestinalis sea lettuce 2014, 2015, 2016 CH, M, J 33 Ulva lactuca sea lettuce 2012-2016 ALL 34 Ulva linza flat tube sea lettuce 2015 M 35 Ulva sp. -
Aglaopheniid Hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from Bathyal Waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic)
Zootaxa 3737 (5): 501–537 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3737.5.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B5FE322D-4D0A-45E6-84BF-F00FA6308DE1 Aglaopheniid hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Aglaopheniidae) from bathyal waters of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland (NW Atlantic) ÁLVARO ALTUNA1, FRANCISCO J. MURILLO2 & DALE R. CALDER3 1INSUB, Museo de Okendo, Zemoria, 12, Apartado 3223, 20013 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 2Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Programa de Pesquerías Lejanas, Apartado 1552, 36280 Vigo, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2C6. E-mail: [email protected] 1Corresponding author Abstract Five species of aglaopheniid hydroids (Aglaophenopsis cornuta, Cladocarpus diana, C. formosus, C. integer, and Nema- tocarpus ramuliferus) were collected from the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and Grand Banks of Newfoundland during sur- veys with bottom trawls, rock dredges, and scallop gear. All are infrequently reported species, with C. diana being discovered for the first time since its original description from Iceland. We document here the southernmost collections of C. diana and N. ramuliferus, both previously unknown in the western Atlantic. Each of the five species is described and illustrated based on fertile material, a key is provided for their identification, and bathymetric distributions are noted. Known depth ranges are extended for A. cornuta, C. diana, and C. -
Venerupis Philippinarum)
INVESTIGATING THE COLLECTIVE EFFECT OF TWO OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ON JUVENILE CLAMS (VENERUPIS PHILIPPINARUM) Courtney M. Greiner A Swinomish Indian Tribal Community Contribution SWIN-CR-2017-01 September 2017 La Conner, WA 98257 Investigating the collective effect of two ocean acidification adaptation strategies on juvenile clams (Venerupis philippinarum) Courtney M. Greiner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Marine Affairs University of Washington 2017 Committee: Terrie Klinger Jennifer Ruesink Program Authorized to Offer Degree: School of Marine and Environmental Affairs ©Copyright 2017 Courtney M. Greiner University of Washington Abstract Investigating the collective effect of two ocean acidification adaptation strategies on juvenile clams (Venerupis philippinarum) Courtney M. Greiner Chair of Supervisory Committee: Dr. Terrie Klinger School of Marine and Environmental Affairs Anthropogenic CO2 emissions have altered Earth’s climate system at an unprecedented rate, causing global climate change and ocean acidification. Surface ocean pH has increased by 26% since the industrial era and is predicted to increase another 100% by 2100. Additional stress from abrupt changes in carbonate chemistry in conjunction with other natural and anthropogenic impacts may push populations over critical thresholds. Bivalves are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of acidification during early life-history stages. Two substrate additives, shell hash and macrophytes, have been proposed as potential ocean acidification adaptation strategies for bivalves but there is limited research into their effectiveness. This study uses a split plot design to examine four different combinations of the two substratum treatments on juvenile Venerupis philippinarum settlement, survival, and growth and on local water chemistry at Fidalgo Bay and Skokomish Delta, Washington. -
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories Compiled by S. Oldfield Edited by D. Procter and L.V. Fleming ISBN: 1 86107 502 2 © Copyright Joint Nature Conservation Committee 1999 Illustrations and layout by Barry Larking Cover design Tracey Weeks Printed by CLE Citation. Procter, D., & Fleming, L.V., eds. 1999. Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Disclaimer: reference to legislation and convention texts in this document are correct to the best of our knowledge but must not be taken to infer definitive legal obligation. Cover photographs Front cover: Top right: Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome (Richard White/JNCC). The world’s largest concentrations of southern rockhopper penguin are found on the Falkland Islands. Centre left: Down Rope, Pitcairn Island, South Pacific (Deborah Procter/JNCC). The introduced rat population of Pitcairn Island has successfully been eradicated in a programme funded by the UK Government. Centre right: Male Anegada rock iguana Cyclura pinguis (Glen Gerber/FFI). The Anegada rock iguana has been the subject of a successful breeding and re-introduction programme funded by FCO and FFI in collaboration with the National Parks Trust of the British Virgin Islands. Back cover: Black-browed albatross Diomedea melanophris (Richard White/JNCC). Of the global breeding population of black-browed albatross, 80 % is found on the Falkland Islands and 10% on South Georgia. Background image on front and back cover: Shoal of fish (Charles Sheppard/Warwick -
BIO 313 ANIMAL ECOLOGY Corrected
NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COURSE CODE: BIO 314 COURSE TITLE: ANIMAL ECOLOGY 1 BIO 314: ANIMAL ECOLOGY Team Writers: Dr O.A. Olajuyigbe Department of Biology Adeyemi Colledge of Education, P.M.B. 520, Ondo, Ondo State Nigeria. Miss F.C. Olakolu Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, No 3 Wilmot Point Road, Bar-beach Bus-stop, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. Mrs H.O. Omogoriola Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, No 3 Wilmot Point Road, Bar-beach Bus-stop, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. EDITOR: Mrs Ajetomobi School of Agricultural Sciences Lagos State Polytechnic Ikorodu, Lagos 2 BIO 313 COURSE GUIDE Introduction Animal Ecology (313) is a first semester course. It is a two credit unit elective course which all students offering Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Biology can take. Animal ecology is an important area of study for scientists. It is the study of animals and how they related to each other as well as their environment. It can also be defined as the scientific study of interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms. Since this is a course in animal ecology, we will focus on animals, which we will define fairly generally as organisms that can move around during some stages of their life and that must feed on other organisms or their products. There are various forms of animal ecology. This includes: • Behavioral ecology, the study of the behavior of the animals with relation to their environment and others • Population ecology, the study of the effects on the population of these animals • Marine ecology is the scientific study of marine-life habitat, populations, and interactions among organisms and the surrounding environment including their abiotic (non-living physical and chemical factors that affect the ability of organisms to survive and reproduce) and biotic factors (living things or the materials that directly or indirectly affect an organism in its environment). -
Possible Anti-Predation Properties of the Egg Masses of the Marine Gastropods Dialula Sandiegensis, Doris Montereyensis and Haminoea Virescens (Mollusca, Gastropoda)
Possible anti-predation properties of the egg masses of the marine gastropods Dialula sandiegensis, Doris montereyensis and Haminoea virescens (Mollusca, Gastropoda) E. Sally Chang1,2 Friday Harbor Laboratories Marine Invertebrate Zoology Summer Term 2014 1Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 2University of Kansas, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Lawrence, KS 66044 Contact information: E. Sally Chang Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas 1200 Sunnyside Avenue Lawrence, KS 66044 [email protected] Keywords: gastropods, nudibranchs, Cephalaspidea, predation, toxins, feedimg, crustaceans Chang 1 Abstract Many marine mollucs deposit their eggs on the substrate encapsulated in distinctive masses, thereby leaving the egg case and embryos vulnerable to possible predators and pathogens. Although it is apparent that many marine gastropods possess chemical anti-predation mechanisms as an adult, it is not known from many species whether or not these compounds are widespread in the egg masses. This study aims to expand our knowledge of egg mass predation examining the feeding behavior of three species of crab when offered egg mass material from three gastropods local to the San Juan Islands. The study includes the dorid nudibranchs Diaulula sandiegensis and Doris montereyensis and the cephalospidean Haminoea virescens. The results illustrate a clear rejection of the egg masses by all three of the crab species tested, suggesting anti- predation mechanisms in the egg masses for all three species of gastropod. Introduction Eggs that are laid and then left by the parents are vulnerable to a variety of environmental stressors, both biotic and abiotic. A common, possibly protective strategy among marine invertebrates is to lay encapsulated aggregations of embryos in jelly masses (Pechenik 1978), where embryos live for all or part of their development. -
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS of the 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project March 2018 DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project Citation: Aguilar, R., García, S., Perry, A.L., Alvarez, H., Blanco, J., Bitar, G. 2018. 2016 Deep-sea Lebanon Expedition: Exploring Submarine Canyons. Oceana, Madrid. 94 p. DOI: 10.31230/osf.io/34cb9 Based on an official request from Lebanon’s Ministry of Environment back in 2013, Oceana has planned and carried out an expedition to survey Lebanese deep-sea canyons and escarpments. Cover: Cerianthus membranaceus © OCEANA All photos are © OCEANA Index 06 Introduction 11 Methods 16 Results 44 Areas 12 Rov surveys 16 Habitat types 44 Tarablus/Batroun 14 Infaunal surveys 16 Coralligenous habitat 44 Jounieh 14 Oceanographic and rhodolith/maërl 45 St. George beds measurements 46 Beirut 19 Sandy bottoms 15 Data analyses 46 Sayniq 15 Collaborations 20 Sandy-muddy bottoms 20 Rocky bottoms 22 Canyon heads 22 Bathyal muds 24 Species 27 Fishes 29 Crustaceans 30 Echinoderms 31 Cnidarians 36 Sponges 38 Molluscs 40 Bryozoans 40 Brachiopods 42 Tunicates 42 Annelids 42 Foraminifera 42 Algae | Deep sea Lebanon OCEANA 47 Human 50 Discussion and 68 Annex 1 85 Annex 2 impacts conclusions 68 Table A1. List of 85 Methodology for 47 Marine litter 51 Main expedition species identified assesing relative 49 Fisheries findings 84 Table A2. List conservation interest of 49 Other observations 52 Key community of threatened types and their species identified survey areas ecological importanc 84 Figure A1. -
Introduced Aquatic Species in California Open Coastal Waters -2007
INTRODUCED AQUATIC SPECIES IN CALIFORNIA OPEN COASTAL WATERS -2007 Final Report September 2008 California Department of Fish and Game Office of Spill Prevention and Response Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Marine Pollution Studies Laboratory 1 AUTHORS Erin R. Maloney, Russell Fairey, Ashleigh Lyman, Zea Walton, Marco Sigala Moss Landing Marine Laboratories/Marine Pollution Studies Laboratory This report should be cited as: Maloney, E., Fairey, R., Lyman, A., Walton, Z., Sigala, M. 2007. Introduced Aquatic Species in California’s Open Coastal Waters - 2007. Final Report. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA., 84 pp. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was completed thanks to the efforts of the following individuals: California Department of Fish and Game: Project Management and Reporting Steve Foss, Michael Sowby, Peter Ode San Jose State University Foundation- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Marine Pollution Studies Laboratory: Project oversight, field sampling, literature review and data analysis: Russell Fairey, Erin Maloney, Ashleigh Lyman, Mark Pranger, Marco Sigala, Cassandra Lamerdin, Zea Walton, Paul Tompkins, Kim Quaranta, Aurora Alifano, Selena McMillan, Jon Walsh, Jason Felton, Lewis Barnett, Vince Christian. Marine Benthic Ecology Laboratory: Project oversight, training, sample transfer, sorting and gross taxonomy, data entry: Aurora Alifano, Stepheni Ceperley, Cori Gibble, Kamille Hammerstrom, Andy Hansen, Scott Hansen, Brian Hoover, Erin Jensen, Jim Oakden, John Oliver, Sierra Perry, Jasmine Ruvalcaba, Jared -
The Behavioral Ecology and Territoriality of the Owl Limpet, Lottia Gigantea
THE BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND TERRITORIALITY OF THE OWL LIMPET, LOTTIA GIGANTEA by STEPHANIE LYNN SCHROEDER A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of Biology and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2011 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Stephanie Lynn Schroeder Title: The Behavioral Ecology and Territoriality of the Owl Limpet, Lottia gigantea This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in the Department of Biology by: Barbara (“Bitty”) Roy Chairperson Alan Shanks Advisor Craig Young Member Mark Hixon Member Frances White Outside Member and Richard Linton Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies/Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded March 2011 ii © 2011 Stephanie Lynn Schroeder iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Stephanie Lynn Schroeder Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biology March 2011 Title: The Behavioral Ecology and Territoriality of the Owl Limpet, Lottia gigantea Approved: _______________________________________________ Dr. Alan Shanks Territoriality, defined as an animal or group of animals defending an area, is thought to have evolved as a means to acquire limited resources such as food, nest sites, or mates. Most studies of territoriality have focused on vertebrates, which have large territories and even larger home ranges. While there are many models used to examine territories and territorial interactions, testing the models is limited by the logistics of working with the typical model organisms, vertebrates, and their large territories. An ideal organism for the experimental examination of territoriality would exhibit clear territorial behavior in the field and laboratory, would be easy to maintain in the laboratory, defend a small territory, and have movements and social interactions that were easily followed. -
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: PATTERNS IN
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: PATTERNS IN DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC MOLLUSCS ALONG A DEPTH GRADIENT IN THE BAHAMAS Michael Joseph Dowgiallo, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation directed by: Professor Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla Department of Biology, UMCP Species richness and abundance of benthic bivalve and gastropod molluscs was determined over a depth gradient of 5 - 244 m at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas by deploying replicate benthic collectors at five sites at 5 m, 14 m, 46 m, 153 m, and 244 m for six months beginning in December 1993. A total of 773 individual molluscs comprising at least 72 taxa were retrieved from the collectors. Analysis of the molluscan fauna that colonized the collectors showed overwhelmingly higher abundance and diversity at the 5 m, 14 m, and 46 m sites as compared to the deeper sites at 153 m and 244 m. Irradiance, temperature, and habitat heterogeneity all declined with depth, coincident with declines in the abundance and diversity of the molluscs. Herbivorous modes of feeding predominated (52%) and carnivorous modes of feeding were common (44%) over the range of depths studied at Lee Stocking Island, but mode of feeding did not change significantly over depth. One bivalve and one gastropod species showed a significant decline in body size with increasing depth. Analysis of data for 960 species of gastropod molluscs from the Western Atlantic Gastropod Database of the Academy of Natural Sciences (ANS) that have ranges including the Bahamas showed a positive correlation between body size of species of gastropods and their geographic ranges. There was also a positive correlation between depth range and the size of the geographic range. -
Genetic Evidence for the Cryptic Species Pair, Lottia Digitalis and Lottia Austrodigitalis and Microhabitat Partitioning in Sympatry
Mar Biol (2007) 152:1–13 DOI 10.1007/s00227-007-0621-4 RESEARCH ARTICLE Genetic evidence for the cryptic species pair, Lottia digitalis and Lottia austrodigitalis and microhabitat partitioning in sympatry Lisa T. Crummett · Douglas J. Eernisse Received: 8 June 2005 / Accepted: 3 January 2007 / Published online: 14 April 2007 © Springer-Verlag 2007 Abstract It has been proposed that the common West rey Peninsula, CA to near Pigeon Point, CA, where L. digi- Coast limpet, Lottia digitalis, is actually the northern coun- talis previously dominated. terpart of a cryptic species duo including, Lottia austrodigi- talis. Allele frequency diVerences between southern and northern populations at two polymorphic enzyme loci pro- Introduction vided the basis for this claim. Due to lack of further evi- dence, L. austrodigitalis is still largely unrecognized in the Sibling species are deWned as sister species that are impos- literature. Seven additional enzyme loci were examined sible or extremely diYcult to distinguish based on morpho- from populations in proposed zones of allopatry and symp- logical characters alone (Mayr and Ashlock 1991). Marine atry to determine the existence of L. austrodigitalis as a sibling species are ubiquitous, found from the poles to the sibling species to L. digitalis. SigniWcant allele frequency tropics, in most known habitats, and at depths ranging from diVerences were found at Wve enzyme loci between popula- intertidal to abyssal (Knowlton 1993). We will refer to spe- tions in Laguna Beach, southern California, and Bodega cies that are indistinguishable morphologically, whether or Bay, northern California; strongly supporting the existence not they are sister species, as “cryptic species” and will of separate species.