Lafforgue Awarded 2019 Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics
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Report for the Academic Year 1995
Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1994 - 95 PRINCETON NEW JERSEY Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1 994 - 95 OLDEN LANE PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY 08540-0631 609-734-8000 609-924-8399 (Fax) Extract from the letter addressed by the Founders to the Institute's Trustees, dated June 6, 1930. Newark, New jersey. It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, above all the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to personnel other than those designed to promote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, creed, or sex. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 5 • FOUNDERS, TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD AND OF THE CORPORATION 8 • ADMINISTRATION 11 REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN 15 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 23 • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 27 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 36 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS AND VISITORS 42 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS AND VISITORS 50 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 55 • REPORT OF THE INSTITUTE LIBRARIES 57 • RECORD OF INSTITUTE EVENTS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1994-95 85 • INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Institute for Advanced Study is an independent, nonprofit institution devoted to the encouragement of learning and scholarship. -
TWAS Fellowships Worldwide
CDC Round Table, ICTP April 2016 With science and engineering, countries can address challenges in agriculture, climate, health TWAS’s and energy. guiding principles 2 Food security Challenges Water quality for a Energy security new era Biodiversity loss Infectious diseases Climate change 3 A Globally, 81 nations fall troubling into the category of S&T- gap lagging countries. 48 are classified as Least Developed Countries. 4 The role of TWAS The day-to-day work of TWAS is focused in two critical areas: •Improving research infrastructure •Building a corps of PhD scholars 5 TWAS Research Grants 2,202 grants awarded to individuals and research groups (1986-2015) 6 TWAS’ AIM: to train 1000 PhD students by 2017 Training PhD-level scientists: •Researchers and university-level educators •Future leaders for science policy, business and international cooperation Rapidly growing opportunities P BRAZIL A K I N D I CA I RI A S AF TH T SOU A N M KENYA EX ICO C H I MALAYSIA N A IRAN THAILAND TWAS Fellowships Worldwide NRF, South Africa - newly on board 650+ fellowships per year PhD fellowships +460 Postdoctoral fellowships +150 Visiting researchers/professors + 45 17 Programme Partners BRAZIL: CNPq - National Council MALAYSIA: UPM – Universiti for Scientific and Technological Putra Malaysia WorldwideDevelopment CHINA: CAS - Chinese Academy of KENYA: icipe – International Sciences Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology INDIA: CSIR - Council of Scientific MEXICO: CONACYT– National & Industrial Research Council on Science and Technology PAKISTAN: CEMB – National INDIA: DBT - Department of Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biotechnology Biology PAKISTAN: ICCBS – International Centre for Chemical and INDIA: IACS - Indian Association Biological Sciences for the Cultivation of Science PAKISTAN: CIIT – COMSATS Institute of Information INDIA: S.N. -
Millennium Prize for the Poincaré
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE • March 18, 2010 Press contact: James Carlson: [email protected]; 617-852-7490 See also the Clay Mathematics Institute website: • The Poincaré conjecture and Dr. Perelmanʼs work: http://www.claymath.org/poincare • The Millennium Prizes: http://www.claymath.org/millennium/ • Full text: http://www.claymath.org/poincare/millenniumprize.pdf First Clay Mathematics Institute Millennium Prize Announced Today Prize for Resolution of the Poincaré Conjecture a Awarded to Dr. Grigoriy Perelman The Clay Mathematics Institute (CMI) announces today that Dr. Grigoriy Perelman of St. Petersburg, Russia, is the recipient of the Millennium Prize for resolution of the Poincaré conjecture. The citation for the award reads: The Clay Mathematics Institute hereby awards the Millennium Prize for resolution of the Poincaré conjecture to Grigoriy Perelman. The Poincaré conjecture is one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems established by CMI in 2000. The Prizes were conceived to record some of the most difficult problems with which mathematicians were grappling at the turn of the second millennium; to elevate in the consciousness of the general public the fact that in mathematics, the frontier is still open and abounds in important unsolved problems; to emphasize the importance of working towards a solution of the deepest, most difficult problems; and to recognize achievement in mathematics of historical magnitude. The award of the Millennium Prize to Dr. Perelman was made in accord with their governing rules: recommendation first by a Special Advisory Committee (Simon Donaldson, David Gabai, Mikhail Gromov, Terence Tao, and Andrew Wiles), then by the CMI Scientific Advisory Board (James Carlson, Simon Donaldson, Gregory Margulis, Richard Melrose, Yum-Tong Siu, and Andrew Wiles), with final decision by the Board of Directors (Landon T. -
Looking at Earth: an Astronaut's Journey Induction Ceremony 2017
american academy of arts & sciences winter 2018 www.amacad.org Bulletin vol. lxxi, no. 2 Induction Ceremony 2017 Class Speakers: Jane Mayer, Ursula Burns, James P. Allison, Heather K. Gerken, and Gerald Chan Annual David M. Rubenstein Lecture Looking at Earth: An Astronaut’s Journey David M. Rubenstein and Kathryn D. Sullivan ALSO: How Are Humans Different from Other Great Apes?–Ajit Varki, Pascal Gagneux, and Fred H. Gage Advancing Higher Education in America–Monica Lozano, Robert J. Birgeneau, Bob Jacobsen, and Michael S. McPherson Redistricting and Representation–Patti B. Saris, Gary King, Jamal Greene, and Moon Duchin noteworthy Select Prizes and Andrea Bertozzi (University of James R. Downing (St. Jude Chil- Barbara Grosz (Harvard Univer- California, Los Angeles) was se- dren’s Research Hospital) was sity) is the recipient of the Life- Awards to Members lected as a 2017 Simons Investi- awarded the 2017 E. Donnall time Achievement Award of the gator by the Simons Foundation. Thomas Lecture and Prize by the Association for Computational American Society of Hematology. Linguistics. Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Clara D. Bloomfield (Ohio State 2017 University) is the recipient of the Carol Dweck (Stanford Univer- Christopher Hacon (University 2017 Robert A. Kyle Award for sity) was awarded the inaugural of Utah) was awarded the Break- Joachim Frank (Columbia Univer- Outstanding Clinician-Scientist, Yidan Prize. through Prize in Mathematics. sity) presented by the Mayo Clinic Di- vision of Hematology. Felton Earls (Harvard Univer- Naomi Halas (Rice University) sity) is the recipient of the 2018 was awarded the 2018 Julius Ed- Nobel Prize in Economic Emmanuel J. -
Mechanical Aspire
Newsletter Volume 6, Issue 11, November 2016 Mechanical Aspire Achievements in Sports, Projects, Industry, Research and Education All About Nobel Prize- Part 35 The Breakthrough Prize Inspired by Nobel Prize, there have been many other prizes similar to that, both in amount and in purpose. One such prize is the Breakthrough Prize. The Breakthrough Prize is backed by Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg and Google co-founder Sergey Brin, among others. The Breakthrough Prize was founded by Brin and Anne Wojcicki, who runs genetic testing firm 23andMe, Chinese businessman Jack Ma, and Russian entrepreneur Yuri Milner and his wife Julia. The Breakthrough Prizes honor important, primarily recent, achievements in the categories of Fundamental Physics, Life Sciences and Mathematics . The prizes were founded in 2012 by Sergey Brin and Anne Wojcicki, Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan, Yuri and Julia Milner, and Jack Ma and Cathy Zhang. Committees of previous laureates choose the winners from candidates nominated in a process that’s online and open to the public. Laureates receive $3 million each in prize money. They attend a televised award ceremony designed to celebrate their achievements and inspire the next generation of scientists. As part of the ceremony schedule, they also engage in a program of lectures and discussions. Those that go on to make fresh discoveries remain eligible for future Breakthrough Prizes. The Trophy The Breakthrough Prize trophy was created by Olafur Eliasson. “The whole idea for me started out with, ‘Where do these great ideas come from? What type of intuition started the trajectory that eventually becomes what we celebrate today?’” Like much of Eliasson's work, the sculpture explores the common ground between art and science. -
Kavli IPMU Annual 2014 Report
ANNUAL REPORT 2014 REPORT ANNUAL April 2014–March 2015 2014–March April Kavli IPMU Kavli Kavli IPMU Annual Report 2014 April 2014–March 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD 2 1 INTRODUCTION 4 2 NEWS&EVENTS 8 3 ORGANIZATION 10 4 STAFF 14 5 RESEARCHHIGHLIGHTS 20 5.1 Unbiased Bases and Critical Points of a Potential ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙20 5.2 Secondary Polytopes and the Algebra of the Infrared ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙21 5.3 Moduli of Bridgeland Semistable Objects on 3- Folds and Donaldson- Thomas Invariants ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙22 5.4 Leptogenesis Via Axion Oscillations after Inflation ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙23 5.5 Searching for Matter/Antimatter Asymmetry with T2K Experiment ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ 24 5.6 Development of the Belle II Silicon Vertex Detector ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙26 5.7 Search for Physics beyond Standard Model with KamLAND-Zen ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙28 5.8 Chemical Abundance Patterns of the Most Iron-Poor Stars as Probes of the First Stars in the Universe ∙ ∙ ∙ 29 5.9 Measuring Gravitational lensing Using CMB B-mode Polarization by POLARBEAR ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ 30 5.10 The First Galaxy Maps from the SDSS-IV MaNGA Survey ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙32 5.11 Detection of the Possible Companion Star of Supernova 2011dh ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ -
Economic Perspectives
The Journal of The Journal of Economic Perspectives Economic Perspectives The Journal of Fall 2016, Volume 30, Number 4 Economic Perspectives Symposia Immigration and Labor Markets Giovanni Peri, “Immigrants, Productivity, and Labor Markets” Christian Dustmann, Uta Schönberg, and Jan Stuhler, “The Impact of Immigration: Why Do Studies Reach Such Different Results?” Gordon Hanson and Craig McIntosh, “Is the Mediterranean the New Rio Grande? US and EU Immigration Pressures in the Long Run” Sari Pekkala Kerr, William Kerr, Çag˘lar Özden, and Christopher Parsons, “Global Talent Flows” A journal of the American Economic Association What is Happening in Game Theory? Larry Samuelson, “Game Theory in Economics and Beyond” Vincent P. Crawford, “New Directions for Modelling Strategic Behavior: 30, Number 4 Fall 2016 Volume Game-Theoretic Models of Communication, Coordination, and Cooperation in Economic Relationships” Drew Fudenberg and David K. Levine, “Whither Game Theory? Towards a Theory of Learning in Games” Articles Dave Donaldson and Adam Storeygard, “The View from Above: Applications of Satellite Data in Economics” Robert M. Townsend, “Village and Larger Economies: The Theory and Measurement of the Townsend Thai Project” Amanda Bayer and Cecilia Elena Rouse, “Diversity in the Economics Profession: A New Attack on an Old Problem” Recommendations for Further Reading Fall 2016 The American Economic Association The Journal of Correspondence relating to advertising, busi- Founded in 1885 ness matters, permission to quote, or change Economic Perspectives of address should be sent to the AEA business EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE office: [email protected]. Street ad- dress: American Economic Association, 2014 Elected Officers and Members A journal of the American Economic Association Broadway, Suite 305, Nashville, TN 37203. -
Mathematics Calendar
Mathematics Calendar Please submit conference information for the Mathematics Calendar through the Mathematics Calendar submission form at http:// www.ams.org/cgi-bin/mathcal-submit.pl. The most comprehensive and up-to-date Mathematics Calendar information is available on the AMS website at http://www.ams.org/mathcal/. June 2014 Information: http://www.tesol.org/attend-and-learn/ online-courses-seminars/esl-for-the-secondary- 1–7 Modern Time-Frequency Analysis, Strobl, Austria. (Apr. 2013, mathematics-teacher. p. 429) * 2–30 Algorithmic Randomness, Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 2–5 WSCG 2014 - 22nd International Conference on Computer National University of Singapore, Singapore. Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision 2014, Primavera Description: Activities 1. Informal Collaboration: June 2–8, 2014. 2. Hotel and Congress Centrum, Plzen (close to Prague), Czech Repub- Ninth International Conference on Computability, Complexity and lic. (Jan. 2014, p. 90) Randomness (CCR 2014): June 9–13, 2014. The conference series 2–6 AIM Workshop: Descriptive inner model theory, American “Computability, Complexity and Randomness” is centered on devel- Institute of Mathematics, Palo Alto, California. (Mar. 2014, p. 312) opments in Algorithmic Randomness, and the conference CCR 2014 2–6 Computational Nonlinear Algebra, Institute for Computational will be part of the IMS programme. The CCR has previously been held and Experimental Research in Mathematics, (ICERM), Brown Univer- in Cordoba 2004, in Buenos Aires 2007, in Nanjing 2008, in Luminy sity, Providence, Rhode Island. (Nov. 2013, p. 1398) 2009, in Notre Dame 2010, in Cape Town 2011, in Cambridge 2012, and in Moscow 2013; it will be held in Heidelberg 2015. 3. Informal 2–6 Conference on Ulam’s type stability, Rytro, Poland. -
4. a Close Call: How a Near Failure Propelled Me to Succeed By
Early Career When I entered graduate study at Princeton, I brought A Close Call: How a my study habits (or lack thereof) with me. At the time in Princeton, the graduate classes did not have any home- Near Failure Propelled work or tests; the only major examination one had to pass (apart from some fairly easy language requirements) were Me to Succeed the dreaded “generals’’—the oral qualifying exams, often lasting over two hours, that one would take in front of Terence Tao three faculty members, usually in one’s second year. The questions would be drawn from five topics: real analysis, For as long as I can remember, I was always fascinated by complex analysis, algebra, and two topics of the student’s numbers and the formal symbolic operations of mathe- choice. For most of the other graduate students in my year, matics, even before I knew the uses of mathematics in the preparing for the generals was a top priority; they would real world. One of my earliest childhood memories was read textbooks from cover to cover, organise study groups, demanding that my grandmother, who was washing the and give each other mock exams. It had become a tradition windows, put detergent on the windows in the shape of for every graduate student taking the generals to write up numbers. When I was particularly rowdy as a child, my the questions they received and the answers they gave for parents would sometimes give me a math workbook to future students to practice. There were even skits performed work on instead, which I was more than happy to do. -
3-Manifold Groups
3-Manifold Groups Matthias Aschenbrenner Stefan Friedl Henry Wilton University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA E-mail address: [email protected] Fakultat¨ fur¨ Mathematik, Universitat¨ Regensburg, Germany E-mail address: [email protected] Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, Cam- bridge University, United Kingdom E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract. We summarize properties of 3-manifold groups, with a particular focus on the consequences of the recent results of Ian Agol, Jeremy Kahn, Vladimir Markovic and Dani Wise. Contents Introduction 1 Chapter 1. Decomposition Theorems 7 1.1. Topological and smooth 3-manifolds 7 1.2. The Prime Decomposition Theorem 8 1.3. The Loop Theorem and the Sphere Theorem 9 1.4. Preliminary observations about 3-manifold groups 10 1.5. Seifert fibered manifolds 11 1.6. The JSJ-Decomposition Theorem 14 1.7. The Geometrization Theorem 16 1.8. Geometric 3-manifolds 20 1.9. The Geometric Decomposition Theorem 21 1.10. The Geometrization Theorem for fibered 3-manifolds 24 1.11. 3-manifolds with (virtually) solvable fundamental group 26 Chapter 2. The Classification of 3-Manifolds by their Fundamental Groups 29 2.1. Closed 3-manifolds and fundamental groups 29 2.2. Peripheral structures and 3-manifolds with boundary 31 2.3. Submanifolds and subgroups 32 2.4. Properties of 3-manifolds and their fundamental groups 32 2.5. Centralizers 35 Chapter 3. 3-manifold groups after Geometrization 41 3.1. Definitions and conventions 42 3.2. Justifications 45 3.3. Additional results and implications 59 Chapter 4. The Work of Agol, Kahn{Markovic, and Wise 63 4.1. -
Shtukas for Reductive Groups and Langlands Correspondence for Functions Fields
SHTUKAS FOR REDUCTIVE GROUPS AND LANGLANDS CORRESPONDENCE FOR FUNCTIONS FIELDS VINCENT LAFFORGUE This text gives an introduction to the Langlands correspondence for function fields and in particular to some recent works in this subject. We begin with a short historical account (all notions used below are recalled in the text). The Langlands correspondence [49] is a conjecture of utmost impor- tance, concerning global fields, i.e. number fields and function fields. Many excellent surveys are available, for example [39, 14, 13, 79, 31, 5]. The Langlands correspondence belongs to a huge system of conjectures (Langlands functoriality, Grothendieck’s vision of motives, special val- ues of L-functions, Ramanujan-Petersson conjecture, generalized Rie- mann hypothesis). This system has a remarkable deepness and logical coherence and many cases of these conjectures have already been es- tablished. Moreover the Langlands correspondence over function fields admits a geometrization, the “geometric Langlands program”, which is related to conformal field theory in Theoretical Physics. Let G be a connected reductive group over a global field F . For the sake of simplicity we assume G is split. The Langlands correspondence relates two fundamental objects, of very different nature, whose definition will be recalled later, • the automorphic forms for G, • the global Langlands parameters , i.e. the conjugacy classes of morphisms from the Galois group Gal(F =F ) to the Langlands b dual group G(Q`). b For G = GL1 we have G = GL1 and this is class field theory, which describes the abelianization of Gal(F =F ) (one particular case of it for Q is the law of quadratic reciprocity, which dates back to Euler, Legendre and Gauss). -
Meetings & Conferences of The
Meetings & Conferences of the AMS IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING MEETINGS PROGRAMS: AMS Sectional Meeting programs do not appear in the print version of the Notices. However, comprehensive and continually updated meeting and program information with links to the abstract for each talk can be found on the AMS website. See http://www.ams.org/meetings/. Final programs for Sectional Meetings will be archived on the AMS website accessible from the stated URL and in an electronic issue of the Notices as noted below for each meeting. abstract submission form found at http://www.ams.org/ Knoxville, Tennessee cgi-bin/abstracts/abstract.pl. University of Tennessee, Knoxville Algebraic Methods in Graph Theory and Combinator- ics (Code: SS 7A), Felix Lazebnik, University of Delaware, March 21–23, 2014 Andrew Woldar, Villanova University, and Bangteng Xu, Friday – Sunday Eastern Kentucky University. Arithmetic of Algebraic Curves (Code: SS 9A), Lubjana Meeting #1097 Beshaj, Oakland University, Caleb Shor, Western New Eng- Southeastern Section land University, and Andreas Malmendier, Colby College. Associate secretary: Brian D. Boe Commutative Ring Theory (in honor of the retirement Announcement issue of Notices: January 2014 of David E. Dobbs) (Code: SS 1A), David Anderson, Uni- Program first available on AMS website: February 6, 2014 versity of Tennessee, Knoxville, and Jay Shapiro, George Program issue of electronic Notices: March 2014 Mason University. Issue of Abstracts: Volume 35, Issue 2 Completely Integrable Systems and Dispersive Nonlinear Deadlines Equations (Code: SS 12A), Robert Buckingham, University of Cincinnati, and Peter Perry, University of Kentucky. For organizers: Expired Complex Analysis, Probability, and Metric Geometry For abstracts: January 28, 2014 (Code: SS 11A), Matthew Badger, Stony Brook University, Jim Gill, St.