34730 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973

By Mr. LONG of Maryland (for him­ 11. Res. 615. A resolution to seek peace in of Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ self, Mr. HELSTOSKI, Mr. NIX, Mr. BA­ thd Middle East and to continue to support plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. DILLO, Mr. SEIBERLING, Mr. REES, Mr. Israel's deterrent strength through transfer By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. of Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ PREYER, Mr. PRITCHARD, Mr. QUIE, Mr. BELL, Mr. VEYSEY, Mr. CORMAN, Mr. plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. RAILSBACK, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. REID, WON PAT, Mr. HOGAN, Mr. BROWN of By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. Mr. REUSS, Mr. RHODES, Mr. RINALDO, California, Mr. CouGHLIN, Mr. RAN­ DAVIS of South Carolina, Mr. DE LA Mr. RODINO, Mr. RoE, Mr. RoGERS, GEL, Mr. EILBERG, Mr. CHARLES WIL­ GARZA, Mr. DELANEY, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. RoNCALLO of New York, Mr. SON of Texas, Mr. RONCALLO of New Mr. DENT, Mr. DERWINSKI, Mr. DIGGS, ROONEY Of Pennsylvania, Mr. ROSE, York, Mr. AsHLEY, Mr. YouNG of Mr. DONOHUE, Mr. DORN, Mr. DRINAN, Mr. RosENTHAL, Mr. RousH, Mr. RoY, Georgia, Mr. EDWARDS of California, Mr. DULSKI, Mr. EDWARDS Of Cali­ Mr. RoYBAL, Mr. RYAN, Mr. ST GER­ Mr. FOLEY, Mr. BRASCO, Mr. WALDIE, fornia, Mr. EILBERG, Mr. FisH, Mr. MAIN, Mr. 8ARASIN, Mr. SARBANES, and Mr. MOAKLEY, and Mr. FuLTON): FLOOD, Mr. FLOWERS, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. Mr. SATTERFIELD) : H. Con. Res. 360. Concurrent resolution FORSYTHE, Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN, Mr. H. Res. 620. Resolution to seek peace in the expressing the sense of the Congress with FRENZEL, Mr. FuQUA, Mr. GAYDOS, Mr. Middle East and to continue to s upport respect to the Middle East conflict; to the GILMAN, and Mr. GINN) : Israel's deterrent strength through transfer Committee on Foreign Affairs. H. Res. 616. Resolution to seek peace in of Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ By Mr. LONG of Maryland (for him­ the Middle East and to continue to support plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. self, and Mr. BRECKINRIDGE): Israel's deterrent strength through transfer By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. H. Con. Res. 361. Concurrent resolution of Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ ScHERLE, Mrs. SCHROEDER, Mr. expressing the sense of the Congress with re­ piles; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. SEIBERLING, Mr. SHIPLEY, Mr. SLACK, spect to the Middle East conflict; to the Com­ By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. Mr. SMITH of Iowa, Mr. SPENCE, Mr. mittee on Foreign Affairs. GOLDWATER, Mr. GoNZALEZ, Mr. GRAY, STARK, Mr. STEED, Mr. STEELE, Mr. By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania, Mrs. STEELMAN, Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin, YATES, Mr. JAMES V. STANTON, Mr. GRIFFITHS, Mr. GROVER, Mr. GUDE, Mr. STOKES, Mr. STRATTON, Mr. HAYS, Ms. ABZUG, Mr. PRICE of Illi­ Mr. GUNTER, Mr. GUYER, Mr. HALEY, STUDDS, Mr. SYMINGTON, Mr. TEAGUE nois, Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Call­ Mr. HANLEY, Mr. HANRAHAN, Mr. of Texas, Mr. THOMPSON of New fornia., Mr. VANIK, Mr. BURKE of Mas­ HARRINGTON, Mr. HASTINGS, Mr. Jersey, Mr. TIERNAN, Mr. UDALL, Mr. sachusetts, Mr. ANDERSON of Califor­ HAWKINS, Mr. HECHLER of Wes.t Vir­ VAN DEERLIN, Mr. VEYSEY, Mr. nia., Mr. BURTON, Mr. LONG of Mary­ ginia, Mrs. HEcKLER of Massachu­ VIGORITO, and Mr. WALDIE): land, Mr. EvANS of Colorado, Mr. setts, Mr. HEINz, Mr. HELSTOSKI, Mr. H. Res. 621. Resolution to seek peace in the KOCH, Mr. GIAIMO, Mr. SISK, Mr. HICKS, Mr. HILLIS, Mr. HOLIFIELD, Middle East and to continue to support MORGAN, Mr. BINGHAM, Mr. RONCALIO Miss HOLTZMAN, and Mr. HORTON): Israel's deterrent strength through transfer of Wyoming, Mr. REEs, Mr. MEEDs, H. Res. 617. Resolution to seek peace in of Phantom aircraft and other mllltary sup­ Mr. WoLFF, Mr. FASCELL, Mr. Ros­ the Middle East and to continue to support plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. TENKowsKI, and Mrs. GRASSO) : Israel's deterrent strength through transfer By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. H. Res. 613. Resolution to seek peace in of Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ WALSH, Mr. WILLIAMS, Mr. CHARLES the Middle East and to continue to support plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. WILSON of Texas, Mr. WINN, Mr. Israel's deterrent strength through transfer By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. WYATT, Mr. WYDLER, Mr. WYMAN, of Phantom aircraft and other mlllta.ry sup­ HOWARD, Mr. HUBER, Mr. HUDNUT, Mr. YATRON, Mr. YOUNG of Georgia., plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Mr. HUNT, Mr. JOHNSON of Pennsyl­ Mr. YOUNG Of Illinois, and Mr. DE By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. vania, Mr. JoHNSON of California, LUGO): ADAMS, Mr. ADDABBO, Mr. ALEXANDER, Miss JORDAN, Mr. KARTH, Mr. KEMP, H. Res. 622. Resolution to seek peace in the Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois, Mr. AN­ Mr. KING, Mr. KLuczYNSKI, Mr. Middle East and to continue to support Is­ DREWS of North Carolina., Mr. AN­ KYROS, Mr. LEGGETT, Mr. LEHMAN, rael's deterrent strength through transfer NUNZIO, Mr. ARCHER, Mr. ASHLEY, Mr. Mr. LENT, Mr. LrrroN, Mr. McCLORY, of Phantom aircraft and other mllitary sup­ ASPIN, Mr. BADILLO, Mr. BAFALIB, Mr. Mr. McCORMACK, Mr. McEWEN, Mr. plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. BARRETT, Mr. BELL, Mr. BIAGGI, Mr. McFALL, Mr. McKINNEY, Mr. MAc­ ByMr RANDALL: BLATNIK, Mrs. BOGGS, Mr. BoLAND, DONALD, Mr. MADDEN, and Mr. MAIL­ H. Res. 623. Resolution expressing the Mr. BRADEMAS, Mr. BRASCO, Mr. LIARD): sense of the House of Representatives With BRECKINRIDGE, Mr. BRINKLEY, Mr. H. Res. 618. Resolution to seek peace in respect to U.S. involvement in the Middle BROOMFIELD, and Mr. BROWN of Cali­ the Middle East and to continue to support East crisis; to the Committee on Foreign fornia): Israel's deterrent strength through transfer Affairs. H. Res. 614. Resolution to seek peace in the of Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ Middle East and to continue to support Is­ By Mr. YOUNG of lllinois: plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. H. Res. 624. Resolution to seek peace in the rael's deterrent strength through transfer of By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. Phantom aircraft and other mllltary sup­ Middle East and to continue to support Is­ MATSUNAGA, Mr. MAYNE, Mr. MET­ rael's deterrent strength through transfer of piles; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. CALFE, Mr. MEZVINSKY, Mr. MINISH, By Mr. O'NEILL (for himself, Mr. Phantom aircraft and other military sup­ Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. plies; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. BURKE of Florida, Mrs. BURKE Of MOAKLEY, Mr. MOLLOHAN, Mr. MooR­ California, Mr. CAREY of New York, HEAD of Pennsylvania, Mr. MURPHY Mr. CARNEY of Ohio, Mr. CASEY of of New York, Mr. MURPHY of Illinois, Texas, Mr. CHAPPELL, Mrs. CHISHOLM, PETITIONS, ETC. Mr. CLANCY, Mr. CLARK, Mr. DON H. Mr. MYERS, Mr. NEDZI, Mr. NIX, Mr. CLAUSEN, Mr. CLAY, Mr. CoLLIER, O'BRIEN, Mr. O'HARA, Mr. PASSMAN, Under clause 1 of rule XXII, Mrs. COLLINS of lllinois, Mr. CoN­ Mr. PATTEN, Mr. PEPPER, Mr. PETTis, 330. The SPEAKER presented a petition ABLE, Mr. CONTE, Mr. CORMAN, Mr. Mr. PEYSER, Mr. PIKE, and Mr. of the Texas Shrimp Assocla.tion, Browns­ COTTER, Mr. COUGHLIN, Mr. CRANE, PODELL): vtlle, Tex., relative to protection of the Mr. CRONIN, Mr. CULVER, Mr. DOMI­ H. Res. 619. Resolution to seek peace in the American shrimp industry's fishing rights in NICK V. DANIELS, Mr. DANIELSON, Middle East and to continue to support the Gulf of Mexico; to the Committee on and Mr. DAVIS of Georgia) : Israel's deterrent strength through transfer Merchant Marine and Fisheries.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

JERRY FORD-A LEADER man GERALD R. FoRD for Vice President grams affecting the national interest. is typical of the enthusiastic reaction JERRY FoRD has all these qualifications­ across the Nation. This choice is an ex­ and more. cellent one. It has been my privilege to know HON. LESLIE C. ARENDS The President had previously noted JERRY FORD throughout all of his 25 OF n.LINOIS three basic criteria for the assignment. years in the Congress. In his job as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES First, the nominee must be qualified to minority leader and mine as minority Saturday, October 13, 1973 be President. After all, the Vice Presi­ whip, we have worked even more closely dent is only a heartbeat away. Second, he for the last 8 years. You get to know a Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, the spon­ must share the views of the President on lot about a man in that time. ObserVing taneous acclaim in the East Room of the critical questions of foreign policy him in this day-to-day relationshiP­ the White House when the President and national defense. Finally, he must often under heavy pressure, called upon announced his nomination of Congress- be able to work with Congress on pro- many times to make quick judgments October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34731 which affect the welfare of the country­ to step from under the clouds of diffi­ our country, Polish-American citizens his performance has never failed to in­ culties that sometimes hang over this will always play a vital role. spire confidence. Chamber to reflect on a lighter subject. This early Polish contribution to Then, too, in leaderShip conferences .a.t I refer to Country Music Month, 1973, America gives us a better understanding the White House with the President, the which is transpiring this month at the of our heritage and helps us to appreci­ Cabinet, and top Government o1Iicials, I declaration of President Nixon. Country ate the principles which should guide us hav"' also had a unique opportunity to music has enjoyed unprecedented pop­ in our endeavors through the years to evaluate JERRY's influence on public ularity in recent years, popularity which come. As the Polish-American commu­ policy. Here, as well, we have to give knows no socioeconomic boundaries. Lis­ nity in my congressional district undeni­ him high marks. The success of any leg­ tening to country music iS probably the ably illustrates, the entire history of our islative program-for any administra­ only way to learn what it really is, but Nation-from the first Polish immigrant tion--depends to a great degree on the there are words to describe it, words like to American shores 365 years ago until caliber of the party's leadership in Con­ straightforward, down-to-earth, sincere, today--contains ample evidence that gress. Few fully appreciate the extent homemade, American, and genuine. men and women of Polish blood con­ or importance of his contributions. His Names of people and places speak the tributed their toil and talents to the set­ ab111ty is beyond question. language of country music, too, names tlement and success of our great Nation. As a person, JERRY FoRD knows the like Roy Acuff, Bill Monroe and the Blue These facts, Mr. Speaker, should be re­ meaning of courage, the value of educa­ Grass Boys, Flatt and Scruggs, Eddie Ar­ membered by all of us and we should tion, the decency of sportsmanship, and nold, the Carter family, Nashville, the take pride in them, especially 1n view of the wisdom of moderation. These quali­ Grand Ole Opry, Tom T. Hall, Johnny the diamond jubilee of the Knights of ties are not just the product of his Wash­ Cash, and Merle Haggard, to mention a St. Casmer. We should be equally proud, ington years. They go back early in life­ few. however, of the countless other men and to his midwest childhood, to his studies It was my pleasure not too long ago women who came to this land from Po­ at the University of Michigan and later to see Merle Haggard perform at the land and have contributed immeasur­ at Yale, to his naval service, and the White House, and the Americanism of ably to their local communities. practice of law. They are reflected not the music came through: "We still wave In these days of fast moving events, it only in the character and integrity of Old Glory down at the courthouse," Hag­ is necessary to pause and to refiect upon the man himself, but in the wholesome­ gard sang, and "we like living right and our proud heritage; to draw strength and ness of his family and their lifestyle. being free." inspiration from past accomplishments He has never neglected them in the pur­ Country music is probably only about and use these experiences to achieve suit of his career. 50 years old, but its roots run deep into present goals. The observation of the Considering the heavy demands of his American history. The poor man's mu­ 75th anniversary of the Knights of St. leadership post, JERRY has never been sic, as it has been broadcast every Sat­ Casmer is certainly a day for which we cavalier about his responsibilities, never urday night since. Hank Williams, who can all be proud. callous in his dealings with his col­ called my State of Alabama his home, leagues, never scornful of his adversaries. once remarked that- Such would not be his nature. This is all You got to have smelled a lot of mule part of his success as a leader. His peren­ manure before you can sing country music. WASHINGTON STAR-NEWS GIVES BALANCED VIEW OF ENERGY CRISIS nial advice to House freshmen is to But fortunately, you do not have to "make your office the human link be­ engage in that olfactory exercise to en­ tween a vast Federal Government and joy listening to country music. So I join HON. J. J. PICKLE the individual at home." This, too, is President Nixon and the rest of the Na­ OF TEXAS reassuring. tion in saluting country music, a truly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The House of Representatives has been American art form. called "the forge of democracy." Cer­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 tainly the Nation wlll benefit by JERRY Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, for the past FoRD's experience in a time of great need. 2 days there has been spirited debate on THE 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE the House floor concerning the manda­ KNIGHTS OF ST. CASMER tory allocation of petroleum. During the debate there seems to be a certain dis­ COUNTRY MUSIC MONTH belief that the energy crisis was a nation­ wide crisis, and not just one of the upper HON. GUS YATRON Midwest and the extreme Northeast. HON. JACK EDWARDS OF PENNSYLVANIA In view of yesterday's debate, I in­ OF ALABAMA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clude in the REcoRD an article by John IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, October 18, 1973 Fialka. This article appeared 1n the Thursday, October 18, 1973 Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, the October 17 issue of the Washington Star­ Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama. Mr. Knights of St. Casmer, a Polish-Ameri­ News. The article mentions the various Speaker, most of the words that fill this can brotherhood in Reading, Pa., held its areas that are facing a very cold and Chamber describe serious problems that diamond jubilee celebration recently to dark winter because of the shortage of face our country. We talk about infla­ commemorate the 75th anniversary of its fuel. The article follows: tion, the energy crisis, national defense, foundation. I attended this most mem­ Although it hasn't arrived yet, the winter of 1973-74 already looms as one that will be scarcities 1n the marketplace, loss of orable affair and would like to congratu­ remembered. confidence in government, housing late Mr. John Cebula, chairman of the In terms of energy, the Ghost of Christmas needs, health care, transportation prob­ Diamond Jubilee Committee, for his ex­ Future has already appeared in some areas lems, war in the Middle East, and many cellent work in making the evening are­ as states and municipalities grapple with others. We discuss how these problems sounding success. plans to meet fuel shortages that could be ac­ often seem to interface and how an ex­ The observance of the 75th anniver­ celerated by Arab curbs on imported oil. acerbation in one area seems to cause sary of the Knights of St. Casmer is cer­ For instance, according to the Interior De­ partment's new Petroleum Allocation Pro­ an unraveling in another. We talk again tainly an occasion of deep pride for the gram office, the City of Austin, Tex., has cut and again about problems that we say Polish-American community in my oft street, freeway and public park lighting should have been solved yesterday or hometown of Reading, Pa. Accordingly, because the city's power company does not last year or about problems where no three-quarters of a century ago and be­ have enough natural gas or fuel oil. immediate solution seems possible. yond, it is quite evident that the Poles From the data now going into PAP files, But, Mr. Speaker, America has solved it appears that the Texans groping down have contributed much of their rich cul­ darkened streets will not be struggling alone: tough problems before and will do so tural, historical, and spiritual heritage In Massachusetts, Gov. Francis Sargent has again. In fact, history has shown that to Berks County, our State of Pennsyl­ asked Civil Defense and the Red Cross to America often thrives on adversity. So vania and the Nation. Certainly, in the develop plans to feed and house Massachu­ I think that it is appropriate occasionally development and continuing promise of setts residents if home heating oil runs out. 34732 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 In Oregon, a ruling by the governor to stopped for a visit with friends and was tions 40 times their own size. The Arab shut off all outdoor signs w1ll also apply to so impressed by the valley that a year nations are dictatorships whose armed outdoor Christmas lights this winter. The mayor of St. Paul, Minn., recently re­ later he returned to stay. He purchased might comes from the Soviet Union. vealed that the city was thinking about clos­ land which was covered with cactus and After weighing all of these factors, the ing schools during January and February to mesquite and had no irrigation. The City Council of Philadelphia went on rec­ save fuel. Statewide, Minnesota school sys­ area now boasts productive citrus trees-­ ord in order to do their share in convinc­ tems are short some 13 m1llion gallons of fuel and that is symbolic of the monument ing the Arab world that the mixing of needed to heat classrooms this winter. created by this outstanding man. A pio­ blackmail and oil will not gain them any­ In California, Gov. Ronald Reagan has or­ neer in the valley citrus industry, he was thing in dealing with Americans. dered the heat and air conditioning turned instrumental in securing a year-round off in state office buildings on weekends. The resolution follows: In Detroit, city officials have decided that citrus marketing season for south Texas. REsoLUTION No. 213 the United Fund's 44-foot-high torch will He organized the Hidalgo County Water Resolution memorializing the President burn only two days this winter. Control and Improvement District No. 6 and the Congress of the United States to Some fuel problems are more closely re­ and built the first concrete line canal sys­ continue and maintain a policy in. support lated to the energy crisis than others. For tem for the valley. of the State of Israel and to effectively pro­ example, the Alabama Power Company in During his useful life he received nu­ vide the means for the people of the State Birmingham has been unable to find enough merous awards in recognition of his out­ of Israel to defend themselves in this hour oil to fire up its new coal-powered boiler. OU standing service to the citrus industry. of peril is needed to ignite some coal units. Among these was the Arthur T. Potts Whereas, The overt and vicious attack of Last week, PAP received its third complaint aggression by Egypt and Syria upon the State from a coal mine that was running out of die­ Award presented to him by the Valley of Israel on the most solemn Jewish holy day sel fuel to operate its machinery. Horticultural Society in 1957. of Yom Kippur, was an outrage against all It would appear, however, that in Wash­ Mr. Goodwin, the son of a Methodist men of conscience; and ington, where numerous officials are now preacher, served his church in numerous Whereas, Israel's right to exist within se­ plotting contingency plans to deal with an capacities from young manhood until cure boundaries is now manifestly the cor­ expected crisis, there wm be plenty of fuel to his later years. He was active in civic af­ nerstone of peace in the Middle East, and keep the center of power warm and well fairs and earned the title of "Mr. Rotary since a negotiated peace is the only practical lighted. way for Israel to gain the peaceful recogni­ A White House spokesman said that the of the Valley." He held many offices in tion long sought from its neighbors; and temperature in the Executive Offices will run Rotary International and was much in Whereas, A most earnest appeal must be between 70 and 72 degrees, in line with other demand as a Rotary speaker. He had been directed to the governments of Syria and federal government agencies. honored annually on his birthday by the Egypt to forsake the paths of war and vio­ Although it happened once during the en­ McAllen Rotary Club until last year lence and to enter into face-to-face nego­ ergy-fat years of the Johnson era, the spokes­ when his failing health made it impos­ tiations with Israel for peaceful settlement man said that there are no plans to turn out sible for him to attend. of Middle East problems; and the battery of spotlights that 1llum1nate the Whereas, We laud and support the senti­ outside walls of the White House. Mr. Goodwin is survived by a son, Ray ments of the Senate of the United States "The feeling is that the country wants to D. Goodwin, of Mission, two grandsons expressed in Senate Resolution 179 "deploring mark a place of historical interest." the and five great-grandchildren. They the outbreak• of hostilities in the Middle spokesman explained. He did point out, how­ have a proud tradition to live up to, for East and supporting the good offices of the ever, that the White House no longer keeps Eugene M. Goodwin was in every way a United States by the President and the Sec­ its fleet of limousines idling outside when tremendous human being. I proudly pay retary of State to urge the participants to not in use. my respects to his memory. bring about a cease-fire and a return of the And the national Christmas tree will shine parties involved to lines and positions occu­ too, although this year, according to a Park pied prior to the outbreak of current hosttli­ Service spokesman, indirect lights at the base ties," leading, hopefully for a more stable of the tree will reflect off its ornaments. condition leading to peace in that region; Because the capital's tree will be a live one, CONGRESSMAN NIX POINTS OUT therefore for the first time, he explained, it was feared THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RESO­ Resolved., By the Council of the City of that hanging strings of light on it might LUTION OF THE CITY COUNCll.J OF Philad.elphia, That we hereby memorialize confuse the tree's growing cycle. PHILADELPHIA SUPPORTING IS­ the President and the Congress of the United "But I don't know whether it'll save any RAEL'S FIGHT FOR SURVIVAL States to continue and maintain a policy in juice or not," he added. support of the State of Israel and to effec­ tively provide the means for the people of the HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX State of Israel to defend themselves in thls OF PENNSYLVANIA hour of peril until there is an IsraeU-Arab negotiated settlement based on recognition THE PASSING OF EUGENE M. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES GOODWIN of Israel's right to exist as a soverign nation Thursday, October 18, 1973 with secure borders. Resolved., That certified copies of this Res­ Mr. NIX. Mr. Speaker, the city of olution be forwarded to the President of HON. E de Ia GARZA Philadelphia on October 11, 1973, en­ the United States, the Secretary of State, OF TEXAS acted Resolution No. 213, the wording of the U.N. Secretary General and the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which I will request be included in the RECORD at the conclusion of my remarks. Thursday, October 18, 1973 The importance of a resolution in sup­ Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, funeral port of Israel is that city representatives services will be held this afternoon at of one of America's largest cities are will­ AN IMPORTANT BffiTHDAY Mission, Tex., for one of the most re­ ing to go on record in that support in the markable men I have ever known. face of Arab threats to create a heating HON. JOHN M. SLACK Eugene M. Goodwin, who passed away oil shortage in the United States this OF WEST VmGINIA at the age of 101 years, befriended me winter. This step by the City Council of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES when I was a young man, and I have Philadelphia, under the leadership of its been so fortunate as to retain his friend­ dynamic city council president, George Thursday, October 18, 1973 ship ever since. I remember ba~k through X. Schwartz, is certainly commendable. Mr. SLACK. Mr. Speaker, American the years how he talked with the small We all know what Americans may have Airlines and Charleston, W. Va., are boy I then was as if I were in every to face this winter with cold homes and sharing an important birthday this respect his peer. All through his long sick children. month. life he retained the faculty of gaining But Americans have never submitted It was 40 years ago--on October 18, the confidence of young people, even to blackmail. Americans know, as the 1933-that a Ford Tri-Motor operated children-mainly, I think, because he people of Philadelphia know, that we by one of American's predecessor com­ talked with them instead of at them. have a commitment to democracy around panies, American Airways, took off from A native of Missouri, Mr. Goodwin the world. old Wertz Field to give this city its first first came to the Rio Grande Valley of Israel is a democracy with a popula­ commercial airline service. Texas in 1925, passing through the area tion of 3 million facing the combined The famed "Tin Goose" left here for on his way to Monterrey, Mexico. He hatred of the Arab world with popula- Washington, D.C., at 1:20 p.m. carrying October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34733 a delegation of local and State officials They want to know!! we did not have some State, to the field of entertainment and that was headed by West Virginia Gov. American-born who is qua.lifled for such a indeed to his country. high omce. Having served as a member of the H. G. Kump and Charleston Mayor R. Foreign A1fairs Committee of the House of Because I have the honor of represent­ P.DeVan. Representatives for almost a quarter of a ing Roy's home area in the Congress and With a cruising speed of 122 miles per century, and as ranking minority member for because his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Hester hour, the Tri-Motor took about 2% ten or twelve years, every Secretary of State L. Clark, of Meherrin, Va., are my con­ hours to reach the Nation's Capital. The during that time appeared before our Com­ stituents, I share the pride which they 727 Astrojets that American uses at mittee and I knew them personally, all up­ have in his achievements. Recently while Charleston today could make that same right and honorable men. The most outstand­ in my district, I had the honor of meet­ :flight in under 50 minutes-carrying 93 ing was Charles Evans Hughes of New York ing Mr. and Mrs. Clark and it did my who had a crystal clear mind. Some of the passengers compared to the Tri-Motor's Secretaries were often vague, indecisive and heart good to listen to their accounts of capacity of 11. garrulous. Roy's activities and to see in their faces Said Eric Thon, American's manager I naturally have the highest regard and the satisfaction they enjoy in the prog­ here: respect for the office of Secretary of ~tate ress he has made in his chosen field. Commercial aviation has been a key fac­ as my own grandfather, Ha.m.ilton Fish, In 1970, the Country Music Associa­ tor behind the progress of the Charleston served as Secretary of State for eight years tion honored Roy as the "Comedian of are.a. over the last 40 years, and American is and probably no Secretary of State was bet­ the Year" and he has received many proud to have launched this long and fruit­ ter ve:.-sed on international law. He was of­ other recognitions in the highly com­ ful partnership. fered the appointment of Chief Justice and declined on the grounds he had been holding petitive field of country music. His ver­ Thon estimated that the airline public omce for 20 years and not practicing satility, good humor, and native ability through the years has boarded about law. to communicate have stood him well. 500,000 passengers and 10,000 tons of There has probably been no Secretary of Although he did not have the benefit of cargo here, first at Wertz Field and then State in the last 75 years who ~as had better professional music training, he is accom­ at Kanawha County Airport, which was training and more experience in foreign af­ plished in playing the guitar, violin, fairs than Henry Kissinger. As an instructor banjo, trumpet, trombone, piano, and opened in December of 1947. at Harvard and as the author of books on Between the Tri-Motor and the foreign affairs, he has devoted his adult life drums. "Hee Haw" is seen each week by Charleston introduction of the 727 in to American international policies and stands millions and his personal appearances February 1969, American served the area almost alone as the chief and ablest spokes­ around the country have endeared him with eight different airplanes. They in­ man for our foreign policies. Acting as the to an army of fans who love good coun­ cluded the twin-engine Curtiss Condor representative of President Nixon, he did try music and the light-hearted humor biplane, the famous DC-3, the DC-6 and much to help win the war, bring back our which has become a trademark. the four-engine Lockheed Electra. Armed Forces from Vietnam and to negotiate But Roy is more than an entertainer, an honorable peace. There ~s no one except he has expended much time and effort The airline today operates two daily the President who is more entitled to the 727 :flights between here and Cincinnati Nobel Peace Prize than Henry Kissinger. in the promotion of many worthwhile and Chicago, with one of the westbound I was also asked why appoint to Jew, born causes. One of the principal ones of these :flights going on from Chicago to San in Germany. My answer to that is that the is the "Johnny Horrizon" environmental Antonio, Tex. Thon noted that the 42- United States, particularly at this time, needs program, sponsored by the Department minute trip to Cincinnati used to take the most available, ablest and experienced of the Interior. He has given himself the Tri-Motor 1 hour and 21 minutes. Secretary of State. There is no one who is unselfishly in the promotion of the goals anywhere near so well qualified or who has of this program and officials of the De­ A Charleston newspaper editor was such a record of successful negotiations with one of those on hand when the first Tri­ foreign nations. partment are high in praise of his efforts Motor arrived at Wertz in preparation I predict that Henry Kissinger, like the to promote good environmental practices for the 1933 inaugural, Thon said. He famous Disraell, the Prime Minister of Eng­ and conservation of our natural re­ said the editor summed up the signifi­ land, will succeed in promoting peace and sources. cance of the event for the community understanding among the nations of the Born on April15, 1933, near Meherrin, with this passage from an editorial: world within the next three years and will Roy and his family moved to Washing­ There no longer is a question of the suc­ restore our prestige and leadership in the ton in 1942 and most of his early steps free world, which under recent Administra­ toward a music career were taken in cess of commercial aviation. Airlines even­ tions, sank to a very low level. tually will prove to be as important as rail­ It should be clearly understood by all the metropolitan area, in the company roads and highways now are. Americans, regardless of partisanship, that of Jimmy Dean and other entertainers, Henry Kissinger was appointed Secretary of who also went on to stardom. He travels State because of his well known abilities, widely and makes a favorable imprint e;.perience, record and will make an out­ wherever he goes and I am convinced THE HONORABLE HAMffiTON FISH, standing Secretary of State. that, at heart, countless millions of SR.: "HENRY KISSINGER, AN OUT­ HAMILTON FISH, SR. Americans subscribe to the basic con­ STANDING SECRETARY OF STATE" cepts of honor, patriotism, decency, and love of family which Roy so well exem­ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN plifies. ENTERTAINER OF THE YEAR OF NEW YORK AWARD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DOLLAR DEVALUATION NOW AG­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 GREGATES 30 PERCENT IN 2 HON. DAN DANIEL YEARS Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, the Hon­ OF VIRGINIA orable Hamilton Fish, Sr. who served as a Member of Congress for over 25 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years, representing that portion of New Thursday, October 18, 1973 HON. JOE L. EVINS OF TENNESSEE York State which now comprises my Mr. DAN DANIEL. Mr. Speaker, last congressional district recently wrote to night in Nashville, the Country Music IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES me expressing his thoughts concerning Association honored Roy Clark, cohost Thursday, October 18, 1973 the appointment of Dr. Henry Kissinger of television's "Hee Haw," with its "En­ Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, as our Secretary of State. tertainer of the Year Award." the recent vote by the House on the ap­ In order to give my colleagues t.he ben­ With his millions of fans in this coun­ propri~;ttion of $2.2 billion to maintain efit of the thoughts of former Congress­ try and around the world, Roy's award the value of U.S. contributions to inter­ man Fish, I insert the following text of will win much favor, for he has come to national financial institutions points up his letter in this portion of the RECORD: symbolize many of the good qualities the fact that the value of the dollar has LETTER FROM HAMTI..TON FisH, SR. which all of us like to see in our heroes. dropped about 30 percent in recent DEAR CoNGREss Gn.n:AN: A number of He represents in a commendable way months since the disastrous Smithso­ friends of mine have asked me why Henry the best in good entertainment and has nian monetary conference. Kissinger was appointed Secretary of State. brought pride to his family, to his native The Smithsonian conference in De- 34734 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 1.8, 1973 cember of 1971 was hailed by then Sec­ the best way to prevent accidental kill­ o! Surgicenter, they soon realized the pro­ ings is to make owning a handgun illegal cedure was a good one. Today the big Phoe­ retary of the Treasury John Connally nix hospitals have made their own surgical as the world's greatest monetary meet­ for private citizens. facilities open to ambulatory patients. ing. As a result of this conference the At this time, I would like to include a In the three and a half years since it dollar was devalued 7.89 percent and September 27 article from the Wash­ opened Surgicenter has completed 16,000 Congress then appropriated $1.6 billion ington Post: operations without a dea.th or a life-threat­ to maintain the value of the dollar in NE HOLDUP VICTIM DIES OF WOUNDS ening complication. Most hea.J.th care in­ its participation in international finan­ The manager of a Northeast delicatessen surance companies, both commercial and cial institutions. died yesterday at Freedmen's Hospital from non-profit, pay Surgicenter a portion of what However, the fruits of this conference gunshot wounds he received Sept. 18 during they would pay a hospital for the same a holdup at the delicatessen, Washington services. turned sour-the effort collapsed-and But Medicare, the Social Security Admin­ 10 police reported. this year a further devaluation of per­ Police said Mehmet Derberoglu, 40, o! istration's program that pays a large portion cent was put into effect, further eroding 5823 36th Ave., Hyattsville, was shot by one o! hospital bills for everyone over 65 years the dollar. of the two armed men who held up the Kris o! age, has refused to make payments of any With the increase in the value of other Delicatessen, 2 Quincy Pl. NE. One o! the sort to Surgicenter. currencies, the dollar now is estimated men disarmed Derberoglu and shot him With Surgicenter has been writing letters to, his gun as the second robber took an unde­ and holding conferences with, Social Security to be worth 70 percent of its value 2 Administration otllcials. All efforts to get years ago. termined amount of money from the cash Medicare support for the Surgicenter pro­ The $1.6 billion appropriation and the register. gram have !ailed. $2.3 billion appropriation recently voted Derberoglu's brother, Zeki Ceci, 24, a clerk Last October Congress passed a law au­ in the store, was shot once in the right hand thorizing the secretary o! the Department total $3.9 billion appropriated just to by the robbers as he chased them from the maintain the par value of our contribu­ o! Health, Education, and Welfare to develop store, firing several shots at them from a a demonstration project With Surgicenter. tions to the International Monetary revolver kept in the shop. The Social Security Administration, which Ftmd, the World Bank, the Inter-Ameri­ A suspect, Robert David Grinnage, 21, of is under HEW, was ordered to carry out the. can Development Bank, the Interna­ 203 P St. NW, was arrested shortly after the law's provision. The last communication tional Development Association and the robbery in a nearby alley. He was charged from the Social Security Administration, Asian Development Bank. with robbery and held at D.C. jail. Police dated May 17, suggested that "further de­ said he will be charged with homicide in lays of unpredictable duration are to b4 I voted in opposition to the $2.3 bil­ Derberoglu's death. lion appropriation to these institutions anticipated." The preceding quotation is from a bulletin because I think it is time we faced up Surgicenter recently sent to its Community to reality-! believe the time has ar­ Advisory Committee. In commenting on rived to carefully reconsider, evaluate SURGICENTERS NEED STUDY BY Medicare's delay, Dr. Reed and Dr. Ford and drastically curtail our participation HEW NOW said: "For the first two or three years, we in these foreign-aid programs. Result­ were somewhat amused by this known in­ ing in devaluations of the dollar and bad ability of the federal bureaucracy to move balance-of-payments situation. HON. J. EDWARD ROUSH effectively. Now, however, it's beginning OF INDIANA really to alarm us, not because of what it The facts are that this administration means financially-we are managing to get is willing to do for other countries what IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES along without Medicare Part A paying its it refuses to do for our people at home. Thursday, October 18, 1973 way-but because of what it portends for the We need to strengthen the dollar­ survival o! our society." not continue to weaken it and siphon off Mr. ROUSH. Mr. Speaker, in January It is hard to understand why the federal billions of dollars into the "Alice in Won­ of this year the second free-standing government, which is at least partly respon­ derland" financial world of internation­ surgical center in the United States was sible for spiraling health costs, shows such al monetary institutions. opened in Fort Wayne, Ind. Since that disregard !or a cost-cutting program that has time the Fort Wayne Surgical Center worked well in Phoenix. It is certainly my hope that the ap­ It is impossible to understand why the propriate committees of the Congress has been providing a valuable health care federal government cannot even run a dem­ will carefully review this entire matter service to the people of my district in onstration project to determine for itself and develop legislation to bring about a northeastern Indiana. whether Surgicenter is a success or a failure. more practical approach to our massive I believe it is time for the Department foreign-aid programs. of Health, Education, and Welfare to recognize that surgicenter patients should be eligible for medicare and THE JUVENILE COURTS AND medicaid. And I believe that the "Federal LAWYERS "MURDER BY HANDGUN: THE CASE foot dragging" discussed in the following FOR GUN CONTROL"-NO. 35 article from the September 26, 1973, Arizona Republic should stop: HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI OF NEW JERSEY FEDERAL FooT-DRAGGING HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As anyone who has been sick knows, health OF n!ASSAC~SETTS care costs have mounted astronomically in Thursday, October 18, 1973 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the last few years. Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, every Thursday, October 18, 1973 In 1970 two Phoenix physicians, Dr. Wal­ lace A. Reed and Dr. John L. Ford, came up community, large or small, has been con­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, With an idea that would reduce hospital costs. fronted in varying degrees with the prob­ handguns in today's society do not They secured permission to build a free­ lem of the juvenile delinquent. serve the purpose of the innocent citizen. standing surgical facmty in which minor As the caseload of the juvenile courts Rather, they protect the criminal whose operations could be done and allow patients increases in number and societal impact, victims die quickly and certainly when to go home the same day. it is imperative that laWYers who prac­ A good example is a tonsillectomy. Until tice in this field have a full awareness of assaulted with this deadly weapon. Dr. Reed and Dr. Ford opened Surgicenter, More lives are lost than saved by most persons wanting their tonsils removed the dimensions of their professional re­ homeowners who keep a gun on hand for had to spend two days in a hospital, with sponsibilities to the system, the litigants. protection; neighbors are often mis­ costs running up to $100 a day. In Surgi­ and the bar. taken for prowlers, playing children center a patient can walk in, have the Because of his experience as presiding shoot-and do not miss, and during an operation, spend four or five hours under judge of the Juvenile and Domestic Re­ argument, the gun is easy to wave medical supervision to be sure there are no lations Court of Passaic County, N.J., and around and threaten with; and when complications, and walk out. his formidable credentials of scholar­ Because a surgeon can schedule four or in someone gets killed the regrets are too ftve minor operations in quick succession, he ship and community leadership the late. can save time. Because the patient can walk field of social service, Judge Harold M. The only way to get the guns away in and walk out, without having to stay 1n Nitto is particularly qualified and gives a from the criminals before they use them bed for a couple o! days, he can save money. highly authoritative quality to his views is by handgun control legislation. And Although most hospitals opposed licensing on the functions of the juvenile court October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34735 and the lawyers who practice in that par­ examine witnesses. Of course, this case U.S. TAX DOLLARS SUPPORT THIEU ticular area of the law. opened up the entire spectrum of juvenile POLICE STATE REPRESSION I wish to present to my colleagues the rights. Whether one agrees with Mr. Justice article written for the Reporter, a pub­ Black, who, in his concurring opinion stated, lication of the Passaic County Bar Asso­ "I think the COnstitution requires that he HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING (the juvenlle) be tried in accordance with OJ' OHIO ciation, by Judge Harold Nitto. I com­ all the guarantees of an the Blll of Rights mend this article to my colleagues and made applicable to the States by the Four­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hope that it may serve as a guide to many teenth Amendment," or whether one's views Thursday. October 18. 1973 of the juvenile courts throughout the align more so with Mr. Justice Stewart in country. dissent, who said, "Whether treating with a Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, I re­ The article follows: delinquent child, a neglected child, a de­ cently received a petition from 67 people fective chlld, or a dependent child, a ju­ in my district asking for an end to U.S. THE JUVENILE COURTS AND LAWYERS venile proceeding's whole purpose and mis­ aid to the police force and prison system (By Judge Harold M. Nitto) sion is the very opposite of the mission and of South Vietnam. The Juvenile Court is not the forum for purpose of prosecution in a criminal court", assemblyllne treatment of troubled and dis­ the fact remains that the rights of the ju­ The interesting thing about this peti­ turbed children. It is not the unpleasant and venile defendant have been established and tion is that it was circulated by its au­ unprofessional place which, in the past, many must be recognized and protected. thor, a factory worker, among his fellow attorneys may have avoided and many laymen The lawyer of today who practices in tbe workers in a tire-mold plant, and all but criticized. The Juvenlle Court of today is a Juvenile Court must be fully cognizant of the five of the people to whom he showed it sophisticated, complex, professional and con­ fact that there are many crucial stages of the signed the petition. cerned branch of our court system which proceedings in which the juvenlle's right to The people who signed this petition warrants equal recognition with any other certain constitutional guarantees must be have a great respect for human liberty type of court. This positive definition, how­ advanced. This principle applies from time ever, is totally dependent upon the individ­ of arrest, (In re Gault, supra), to the ques­ and self-government, and are disturbed uals who operate within this court. In order tion of waiver of jurisdiction, (Kent v. United that their tax dollars are being used to tor the Juvenile Court to attain its optimum States, 383 U.S. 41 (1966)), to the degree of undermine these principles in South level of effectiveness, both the judge and the proof necessary to substantiate a finding Vietnam. The text of the petition, along attorney must demonstrate a high degree of against a. juvenile defendant (In the Matter with an article from the Akron Beacon sklll, initiative, and concern. of Samuel Winship, 397 U.S. 358 (1969) ). Journal, follows my remarks. This court is but one branch within the These rights are so precious and so significant Mr. Speaker, there are between 50,000 overall court structure which has been de­ that any lawyer who falls to recognize their and 250,000 political prisoners b South veloped to deal with the varied types of prob­ application is doing a. great disservice both to lems which confront our society. The per­ his client and to his profession. Vietnam. The police force in South Viet­ iformance level of sophistication and profes­ The lawyer who practices in the Juvenlle nam has increased from 20,000 men in sionalism in the Juvenlle Court should not Court must not only be well versed in the 1964 to 120,000 in 1972. The South Viet­ be any lower than that in any other court. applicable statutory, procedural, and case namese ground and air forces have in­ The personal trauma to a charged and con­ law, but he must also be equipped to deal creased from 216,000 men in 1964 to 1.1 victed juvenlle defendant is at least as severe with the sociological, psychological, and million in 1972. These forces are being as that of any adult criminal defendant or sometimes medical aspects which surround supported by American tax dollars. one who is ordered to pay damages in a civil many juvenile problems. Before the attorney lawsuit. The important fact which must be can attempt to counsel his client, he must The South Vietnamene economy is remembered is that the judge and the at­ fully understand the underlying causes of largely supported by American dollars torney must approach each juvenile case on the existing problem. This, in all proba.b111ty, as well. The South Vietnamese Govern­ an individual basis. By so doing, we can will involve an in-depth sociological and psy­ ment relles on American aid to maintain achieve a strong and effective Juvenile Court chological analysis of the problem. While at­ the economic, military, and repressive System and maintain and enhance the re­ torneys must rely on the expertise of proba­ political structure in South Vietnam. It spect for all courts. tion officers, psychologists and psychiatrists, seems to me that, at the very least, we The lawyer who practices in the Juvenile they must still prepare themselves to the should insist that none of our economic Court must be a highly trained and skilled extent that they can confer With these ex­ professional advocate whose sole function is perts and participate meaningfully With aid be used to construct or operate to reach a full and proper adjudication of his them in the recommendation process. It is political prisons or a system for repres­ cllent's problems. He must realize that this for this reason that a. skilled and concerned sion of basic liberties and human rights. court is no different from any other court in attorney is needed to represent a. juvenile ANTI-VIET SUPPORT STUNS HIM relation to the time and preparation which defendant. (By Bruce Larrick) must be put into each case. He must also In summary, every lawyer who practices be­ When Phillip LoCascio, 22, went to his reallze that the scope of his preparation must fore the Juvenile Court must realize that this fellow workers at the Goodyear tire mold include a careful factual analysis in the con­ representation is as demanding as any other plant in Stow asking them to sign petitions text of the applicable law. type of case. He must prepare himself to fully opposing foreign aid to South Vietnam, the Representation in this Court requires that understand the underlying problems of the results astounded him. a lawyer should be fully knowledgable of the juvenile and although this aspect may in­ In a plant where LoCascio doubts he would procedural details of practice in the Juvenile volve many hours of prellminary study and Court. Finally, the lawyer must keep hlm.sel! have gotten a handful of signatures four discussion, the time spent is priceless in rela­ years ago, 67 of the 72 men he asked signed informed of those areas of constitutional law tion to the overall result which wll1 benefit which specifically relate to the juvenile of­ the petition "to express support for the the client. The attorney must be fully sen­ deletion of aid to South Vietnam's prison fender. It Is most significant that the base sitive to the needs of his client and he must area of legal rights which are involved in system and pollee force." juvenile law are now frequently overlooked. exert extra effort not only to develop an "I doubt if even I would have signed the Prior to 1967 the parens patriae theory pre­ initial rapport With his client, but to main­ thing four years ago," said LoCascio, of 1006 vailed Within the courts and the juvenile was tain the element of trust throughout. The Oakland av., Akron. considered to have very few personal rights. attorney must assert his legal skills With the "If the men in Stow feel we should dis­ However, in 1967 the landmark decision of same vigor as he would in any other case. continue the support, it's an indication that In re Gault, 387 U.S. I (1967) transformed Finally, because of the special nature and most American people would support it. the Juvenile Court into an entirely different treatment which is accorded juvenile prob­ Most of those guys are over 30 and generally forum. While the Supreme Court in Gault conservative." lems, the initial disposition is not always the The petition written by the 1969 Hower did not make a sweeping conclusion that the ultimate disposition and the attorney must juvenile defendant was entitled to all the High School graduate argues against the procedural guarantees which apply to an be fully aware that each case involves a. good approximately $20.4 mlllion for South Viet­ adult criminal defendant, it did specifically deal of follow-through on his part. This fol­ namese pollee in a foreign aid bill now hold that the due process clause of the Four­ low-through wm, of course, demand his time being considered by a House-Senate con­ teenth Amendment applies to state juvenUe and effort, but again, these additional hours ference committee. court proceedings. The Court explicitly noted will prove to be invaluable 1n the overall It states 1n part: "We believe our hard­ that the defendant is entitled to a reasonable benefits to .the juvenile offender and to the earned tax dollars should not be given to a and fair notice of the charges made against proper solution of his problems. country that detains thousands of civilians him, he is entitled to be represented by legal The lawyer who practices in the Juvenile on charges as minor as •a declara. tion of counsel: he has the right to be free from Court will find full satisfaction for his effort neutrality.'" self-incrimination and also the right to cross and skill. LoCascio said he wrote to the South Viet- 34736 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 namese embassy in Washington, D.C., asking only for Alaska, but for the other 49 its interrogation of Mr. Ford Congress should the oftlclals there to respond to charges that States, both in its employment of local fully satisfy itself on the following issues: as many as 250,000 South Vietnamese may as well as nonlocal skilled workers and (a) The responsibility of a President to be political prisoners. the many benefits this major source of enforce civil rights legislation. "You know how they responded?" he asked. (b) The responsibility of a President to "They said it was only about 50,000 !" oil will have for the entire country. protect civil liberties, including protection LoCascio, a machinist at the plant, mailed I am very proud to have been elected against invasion of privacy and wiretapping. copies of the petition to Sen. J. William to the Congress by this State and I am (c) The responsibillty of the President to Fulbright (D-Ark.), chairman of the Senate sure my colleagues will join me 1n cele­ fully inform the Congress and the American Foreign Relations Committee; Rep. Thomas brating the 106th year of :flying the people and to limit claims of executive privi­ E. Morgan (D-Pa.) , chairman of the House American flag over Alaska. We can ap­ lege and confidentiallty. Foreign Affairs Committee and Rep. John F. preciate now, more than ever, the con­ (d) The responsibility of a President to Seiberling (D-Akron). secure congressional authorization to com­ tributions of a unique culture and beauty mit armed forces to hostllities. that Alaska has brought us. TEXT F THE PETrrlON RECEIVED BY (e) The responsibility of the President to MR. SEIBERLING faithfully execute the laws including expen­ diture of funds for the purposes appropriated "The below signed wish to express sup­ by Congress. port for the deletion of aid to the prison sys­ AMERICANS -FOR DEMOCRATIC AC­ (f) The responsibility of the President to tem and police force of South Vietnam. obey decisions of the courts. We believe our hard-earned tax dollars ~ON OPPOSE FORD NOMITNATION should not be given to a nation that 1m­ ADA LEGISLATIVE NEWSLETTER: GERALD FORD prisons thousands of its own civilians for SHOULD NOT BE CoNFIRMED offenses as minor as "a declaration of neu­ HON. BELLA S. ABZUG trality." We understand that President OF NEW YORK Rep. Gerald Ford (R-Mich.) may be the Nguyen Van Thieu uses approximately 20.4 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES next President of the United States. Richard Nixon could well leave oftlce during the next million U.S. dollars to operate his pollee Thursday, October 18, 1973 three years, through death, resignation-or force and prison system, and we also know impeachment. The decision of the U.S. Ap­ that American manufacturers have supplled Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, on October peals Court ordering the President to release nearly all of the equipment needed for the 14 the National Board of Americans for the tapes makes his future uncertain, to say operation of these institutions. Democratic Action adopted a resolution the least. There have been numerous reports on the opposing the confirmation of GERALD It is in this light that Gerald Ford should tortures, beatings, and executions without FoRD as Vice President of the United be judged. He is not simply a candidate for trial in South Vietnam. However, we do not the vice presidency, a ceremonial job with advocate American intervention into Thieu's States. As a man next in line for the Presidency, nominated by the President few duties. He is not merely a. stand-in for pollcies; we merely want our federal govern­ Spiro Agnew. His nomination should be con­ ment to discontinue funding and con­ whose own tenure is presently in jeop­ sidered in terms of his fitness to be President doning the police-state of South Vietnam. ardy, the nominee must be clearly fit to of the United States. We are Americans who hope to see an im­ serve as President. GERALD FORD is not It is on this basis that Americans for Dem­ provement in our country's reputation such a man. According to ADA, FORD's ocratic Action opposes his confirmation. ADA abroad, as well as at home. It is hard for us voting record over the last decade aver­ urges consideration of Ford's record in oftlce to trust, praise, and respect a nation that ages 9 percent. His latest labor rating just as any candidate for President is so promotes an undemocratic dictator such charted by the AFL-CIO's Committee on judged. Congress should confirm a nominee asThieu. who is clearly fit to serve as President, and South Vietnam has existed 95% on our Political Education was 11 percent in Gerald Ford is not such a man. financial aid for the last ten years, when we 1972. The League of Conservation Voters Its decision on Ford-selecting someone could have used the billions of dollars right gave him a 23 percent environmental who may become President-wm be Con­ here in the United States. rating last year, up from 17 percent in gress' first act under the 25th Amendment. Mr. Seiberling, please work for the cause of 1971 Normally a candidate is subjected for months justice, humanity, and our economy. Stop The ADA resolution on the Vice-Presi­ to public scrutiny during the campaign and financial aid to South Vietnam's prison sys­ dential nominee and the ADA Legisla­ election. That process is not now available. tem and pollee force." tive Newsletter containing a summary of Each Member of Congress should treat Ford's nomination as he or she would treat it in a FORD's voting record follow. I urge my voting booth for in this case Congress ts a colleagues to read these documents care­ surrogate for the electorate. ALASKA DAY fully. The apparent popularity of a nominee The articles follow: should not cause Congress to act quickly. RESOLUTION ADOPTED AT NATIONAL BOARD This Administration's past record of appoint­ MEETING ments makes it clear that other candidates HON. DON YOUNG for high position merited more scrutiny. The OF ALASKA AMERICANS FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION, Washington, D.O., October 14, 1973. Carswell, Haynsworth, Mitchell, Stans, Hal­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES deman, Erllchman, Magruder, Dean and VICE-PRESIDENTIAL NOMINEE Colson selections--to say nothing of Ag­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 On the basis of his record thus far de­ new-highlight the need to consider Ford Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, veloped, ADA opposes the confirmation of fully and deliberately. Speed is not essential; today marks a very special date in Gerald R. Ford as Vice President of the care is. Both the full House and Senate as United States. We urge Congress to confirm well as their respective committees must re­ Alaska. On October 18, 1867, in Sitka, only a nominee who is clearly fit to serve as the Russian flag was lowered and the gard this nomination with great concern. President of the United States. Especially GERALD FORD'S RECORD American flag raised to symbolize the where a nomination is made by a President transfer of sovereignty over the Alaskan whose tenure is in jeopardy, the Congress If elevated to the Presidency, Gerald Ford territory from Russia to the United should deliberate long and carefully before will be called upon to make decisions on key approving the designate. national and international issues. His record States. Alaskans are commemorating hardly qualifies him for that position. that historic occasion today by celebrat­ The apparent popularity of a nominee should not cause Congress to act quickly. The Ford's record, to say the least, places him ing Alaska Day. committees of the House and Senate and the squarely among the most reactionary ele­ Since that memorable date, there have full Congress itself should consider Mr. Ford ments of the House. This record dates back been three major achievements in the fully and deliberately. Speed is not essential; well before he became Minority Leader in development of Alaska-the Statehood care is. Congress must remember the candi­ coup in which he defeated Rep. Charles Hal­ Act, making Alaska the 49th State in dates normally are subjected for months to leck (R-Ind.) in 1965. His ADA rating over 1958, the Native Land Claims Act in public scrutiny during the campaign and the last 24 years follows: election in the usual political process. During 1971, and the passage of legislation for those months the candidates' policy positions 1949 ______Year: Percent 15 construction of the trans-Alaskan pipe­ are made clear. That process is not now line this year. available. Therefore Congress must provide 1950------33 Of these three important victories for an effective substitute, recognizing that it 1951------38 1952------31 Alaska, I have had the very exciting op­ 1s acting as surro.eate for the electorate. 1953------36 portunity of contributing to the last-­ Congress should require a full investi­ 1954------22 the legislation to construct the pipeline. gation into the allegations of mishandling 1955------60 This is a major piece of legislation, not of the nominee's campaign funds. During 1958------57 October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34737 Year: Percent overlook Ford's stands on issues. He should The commitment to withdraw from cam­ 1957------67 be judged as a potential President. bodia and the commitment to withdraw from 1958------42 The Wall Street Journal, in an October 15 Laos--which was unconditional-the com­ 1959------22 editorial, summed up the case on Gerald mitment not to introduce troops or supplies 1960------33 Ford: "The nomination of Mr. Ford caters into South Vietnam-which was also un­ 1961------10 to all the worst instincts on Capitol HUI­ conditional except through authorized check­ 1962------13 the clubbiness that made him the choice of point&--(and) respect for the Demilitarized 1963------0 Congress, the partisanship that threatened Zone on which we spent four weeks in Parts. 1964______15 a bruising fight if a prominent Republican At that same time the State Depart­ 1965------11 presidential contender were named, the 1966------0 small-mtndedness that thinks in terms of ment declared that rebel forces fighting 1967------13 who should be rewarded rather than who in Cambodia are "trained, supplied, and 1968------17 could best :flll the job." supported" by North Vietnamese regular 1969------7 Gerald Ford cannot best :flll the job. It 1s army forces. 1970------12 doubtful that he can :flll the job at all. On July 19, 1973, Michel Gauvin, head 1971------8 of the Canadian delegation to the In­ 1972------6 ternational Commission of Control and His cumulative rating Is 24 percent and h1s Supervision, left Saigon after having record over the last decade averages nine STATEMENT ON NOBEL PRIZE struggled for nearly 6 months to make percent. AWARD TO LE DUC THO Ford's labor rating is not much better. The the commission an effective peace-keep­ AFL-CIO's COPE (Committee on Political ing organization. Education) scores on Ford as complied by HON. PHILIP M. CRANE At a news conference, Mr. Gauvin Congressional Quarterly show Ford with a 33 asserted that the Communists had cre­ percent rating in 1969, 0 percent in 1970, 25 OF n.LINOIS ated insurmountable obstacles to polic­ percent in 1971 and 11 percent in 1972. He IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing the cease-fire. He said that Poland has a lifetime cumulative COPE rating of 14 Thursday, October 18, 1973 and Hungary, which along with Canada percent. and Indonesia made up the commission, Ford's environmental rating is just as bad. Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the an­ The League of Conservation Voters gave Ford nouncement that this year's Nobel Prize had consistently refused to acknowledge 23 percent in 1972 and 17 percent in 1971. His for Peace will be shared by Secretary of publicly violations of the truce by the record on ten key votes in the previous State Henry Kissinger and North Viet­ Vietcong and the North Vietnamese, and decade averaged 10 percent. nam's Le Due Tho has been greeted with charged that the Vietnamese Commun­ On specific issues: enthusiasm by many, but with some seri­ ists generally had not cooperated with Vietnam War-Rep. Ford was a consistent the commission. supporter of the war under Presidents John­ ous questions as well. son and Nixon. He opposed every piece of leg­ The New York Times, for example, in Terror within South Vietnam has con­ islation to end the war, including ten votes its editorial of October 17, 1973, noted tinued since the cease-fire. Officials of this year and eight last Congress. that: the Vietnamese Confederation of Military Spending-Ford has consistently The awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to Labor-SVT, South Vietnam's trade supported high military spending, always op­ Henry A. Kissinger of the United States and union movement, told AFL-CIO leaders posing even modest efforts to restrain defense Le Due Tho of North Vietnam is, at the very that, spending. He voted for the ABM in 1969 and least premature. The truce agreement they The long struggle for control of the South opposed the Aspin (D-Wis.) amendment ear­ achieved in months of tortuous negotiation Vietnamese people 1s entering a new and im­ Her this year to cut $950 million from mUi­ and mutual recrimination was promptly met portant phase, full of uncertainties and dif­ tary authorizations. by new combat. ficulties. The North Vietnamese and the Viet Domestic Spending-WhUe a big spender Cong are stepping up their terror activities, for the military, Ford is very frugal in fund­ The Times noted that: including the assassination of union ofllcials, ing domestic programs. He has voted against The withdrawal of American troops from vUlage and hamlet leaders. public housing, rent subsidies, federal aid to South Vietnam has not yet brought South­ elementary and secondary schools, public east Asia to a state that can conceivably be CVT President Tran Quoc Buu points works in high employment areas, mass tran­ called peace. out that since the January 28 cease-fire sit aid, Medicare, model cities, urban renewal The reason why peace has not been went into effect, more than a dozen labor and the 1967 poverty program. He is more leaders, including Can Van Nang, a vice generous on bllls to help business interests, brought to Southeast Asia is, in large supporting the loan to Lockheed, the SST measure, the same reason for believing president of the strong national federa­ and subsidies to shipbuilders. that the award of the Nobel Prize for tion of tenant farmers, had been ''brutal­ Labor-Ford has a poor labor record. He Peace toLe Due Tho is seriously in error. ly assassinated." Can Van Nang was kill­ voted for "right-to-work" laws in 1965, op­ It is the Communist regime in Hanoi ed in Communist terrorist action in Van posed providing workmen's compensation to which is determined to make the truce Binh province. migrant workers in 1970, publicly opposed Concerning Hanoi's record with re­ the Farm Worker's boycott in 1971, and this signed in Paris a mockery. Its goal of year voted to weaken the mlnlmum wage blll. dominating South Vietnam is the same gard to abiding by the truce agreement, Civil Rights-Ford has a record of voting as it ever was, and its conduct since the columnist James Reston, writing in The for civil rights legislation on the final vote, signing of the truce is an indication that New York Times of March 11, 1973, notes but he supports crippltng amendments while the rhetoric of peace has simply been a that, the bill is in progress. He voted to ellminate smokescreen for the actions of war. ... the plain fact seems to be, if U.S. in­ a provision for federal examiners in the 1965 The evidence of North Vietnamese vio­ telligence reports are even close to the mark, Voting Rights Act which, if successful, would that Hanoi has shipped as many as 300 tanks have emasculated the blll. He voted to recom­ lation of the Paris truce agreement is into the South-the evidence is that they mit the 1966 Clvll Rights BUI in order to overwhelriling. In April, for example, are cheating. delete the fair housing provision. He sup­ Henry Kissinger said that: ports "freedom-of-choice" school desegrega­ It 1s a brutal fact that North Vietnam has We could take pages of the RECORD up tion plans and supports a constitutional systematically . . . and cynically violated the with additional indications of North amendment to ban school busing completely "important clauses of the Vietnam peace set­ Vietnam's continued support of terror­ in civil rights cases. tlement. ism, and violation of almost every pro­ Women's Rights-While Ford voted for the vision of the truce agreement. Equal Rights Amendment. he failed to vote Dr. Kissinger told an Associated Press for or against a weakening amendment. He meeting that: All of this should make it clear that supported an amendment to limit EEOG The United States was very disappointed any Nobel Peace Prize based upon the powers to enforce the law, and voted against in the compliance by the North Vietnamese January 28 cease-fire agreement is not the child care btll. with the agreement. We have believed, and only "premature" but also ill-advised. To Environment-Besides voting for the SST, have said so publicly, that the end of the war give a peace award toLe Due Tho, the Ford has voted to Increase logging tn nation­ 1n Vietnam should start a process of nor­ representative of a government which 1s al forests, and against the 1965 Clean Air Act. malization in the relations between Hanoi committed to imposing its will through In sum, Gerald Ford on the issues has an and the U.S. extremely poor record. Whlle he ts a popular the use of force, makes a mockery of the Ulan throughout Congress, congressional He cited as the major North Vietnam­ values the Nobel Prize was meant to ad­ "clubbiness" should not become an excuse to ese violations- vance. 34738 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 LOSS OF A GREAT ECONOMIST acquired his doctorate in law and economics giving rise to unsound inveStment. Fine.lly, in 1906. In 1909, he became economic ad­ for an assortment of reasons, the inverted viser to the Austrian Chamber of Commerce, pyra.mid of credit shrinks or collapses and a post he held t1111934. brings on panic or depression. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Mises' Socialism is an economic classic OF OHIO In 1913, following the publication of his Theory of Money and Credit the preceding written in our time. It is the most devastat­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES year, he was appointed professor of eco­ ing analysis of the system ever penned. It Thursday, October 18, 1973 nomics at the University of Vienna, a presti­ examines that philosophy from almost every gious but unpaid post that he also held !or possible aspect--its doctrine of violence, as Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, a few 20 years. His famous seminar in Vienna at­ well as that of the collective ownership of days ago one of the few giants in the field tracted and inspired, among others, such the means of production; its ideal of equal­ of economics died. Of course, I am speak­ brilliant students as F. A. Hayek, Gottfried ity; its proposed solution to the problem of ing of Ludwig von 1\Iises who has been Haberler and Fritz Machlup. production and distribution; its probable In 1934, foreseeing the likelihood that Hit· operation under both static and dyn&mic described as ''the greatest analytical ler would seize Austria, Mises left, advising conditions; its national and international economist of his generation." I would add his students to do the same. He first became consequences. that he was one of the major free market professor of international economic rela­ This is by far the ablest and most damag­ economists of any generation. lations at the Graduate Institute o! Inter­ ing refutation of socialism since Eugen von Von Mises wrote 19 volumes during his national Studies in Geneva. In 1940, he came Boehm-Bawerk published his memorable, lifetime as well as hundreds of articles. to the United States. Karl Marx and the Close of His System, in Among his works are "Theory of Money Mises was already the author of more than 1898. It is more. Boehm-Bawerk confined and credit," the manumentaJ "Human half a dozen books, including three master­ himself mainly to an examination of Marx's pieces, but only one of these, Socialism: An technical economics. Mises scrutinized so­ Action," "Omnipotent Government," Economic and Soc!ological Analysis, had cialism in aU its ugly aspects. "The Anti-Capitalist Mentality," "Social­ been translated into English. So Mlses was His outstanding contribution was to point ism," and "Bureaucracy." At a time when practically unknown here, and, as the fash­ out that sociallsm must fail because it is some seem to be in a headlong flight from ionable economic ideology then was Key­ incapable by its very nature of solving "the the free market system, it may do us all neslanism and its New Deal offspring, he was problem of economic calculation." A social­ well to reread his works and remember shrugged off as a reactionary. ist government does not know how to dis­ Gaining an academic appointment proved his message. tribute its labor, capital, land and other ditll.cult. Turning to books, he wrote Omni­ factors of production to the best advantage. At this point, I include in the RECORD potent Government, a history and analysiS Since it does not know which commodities "Salute to von Mises" by Henry Hazlitt of the collapse of German liberalism and the are being produced at a social profit and which appeared in the October 1, 1973 rise of nationalism and Nazism. It was not which at a social loss, it does not know how issue of Barron's. This article commem­ until 1945 that he became a Visiting Pro­ much of each commodity or service to plan orated von Mises' 92d birthday. His work fessor at the Graduate School of Business for. will live on in his many books and arti- Administration of New York University, a In short, the greatest difficulty to the cles. post he held untll 1969. realization of socialism, in Mises' view, is His body of work is large and impressive. intellectual. It is not a mere matter of good­ SALUTE To VoN MisEs-FOR 92 YEARS HE HAs But we can confine ourselves here to con­ FoUGHT THE Goon FIGHT will, or of willingness to cooperate energeti­ sidering two of his three masterpieces-The cally without personal reward, "Even angels, Last Saturday marked the 92nd btrt'hday Theory of Money and Credit, which first ap­ if they were endowed only with human rea­ of Ludwig von Mises, the greatest analytical peared in German in 1912; Socialism, origi­ son, could not form a socialistic commun­ economist of his generation. He has also nally in German in 1922; and Human Action, ity." Capitalism solves this problem of eco­ been one of this century's ablest champions which grew out of a first German version nomic calculation through money prices and of private enterprise and the free market. appearing in 1940. money costs of both consumers' and produc­ Those 92 years have been amazingly fruit­ Mises' contributions to monetary theory ers' goods, which are fixed by competition in ful. In conferring its Distinguished Fellow have been too numerous to list completely. the open market. award in 1969, the American Economic As­ For one thing, he succeeded in integrating On the basis of this single achievement-, sociation credited Mises as the author of 19 the theory of money with the great body of the late Oscar Lange, a Marxist economist volumes if one counts only first editions, but general economic theory. Before him gen­ who later became a member of the Polish of 46 if one counts all revised editions and eral economic theory and the theory of Politburo, once proposed that future social­ foreign translations. money were kept separate, almost as if they ists erect a statue to Ludwig von Mises. Said In his late years other honors have come were unrelated. Lange: "It was his powerful challenge that to Mises. He was made an honorary doctor Mises also saw the fallacies in the proposals forced the socialists to recognize the impor­ of laws at Grove City College in 1957, an of the so-called moneta.rists, that "the price tance of an adequate system of economic honorary doctor of law at New York Univer­ level" could or should be sta.blllzed by gov­ accounting to guide the allocation of re­ sity in 1963, an honorary doctor of political ernment managers who increased the quan­ sources in a socialist economy." Lange was science at the University of Freiburg in 1964. tity of money by a certain percentage every at least brought to recognize the problem In addition, two Festschrijts were devoted to yea.r. He saw that inflation cannot be auto­ and thought he had solved it. In fact, the him-On Freedom and Free Enterprise in matically controlled-that because of its only way that socialists can solve it is by 1956, containing essays in his honor from 19 changing effects on expectations, an in­ adopting capitalism. writers, and Toward Liberty, a two-volume crease in the quantity of money, in its early Because it illustrates not only the cogency work published in 1971 on the occasion of stages, tends to increase prices less than of his logic, but also the depth of his feeling, his 90th birthday, with contributions from proportionally; in its later stages, more than the power of his intellectual leadership, and 66 writers. proportionally. the uncanny foresight with which he judged But such honors, even taken as a whole, Mises also rejected the simpl1st'lc concept the course of eV'ents more than 40 years ago. seem scarcely proportionate to his achieve­ of "the price level." He pointed out that I cannot forbear from quoting a passage ments. If ever a man deserved the Nobel increases In the quantity of money do not from the last page of Mises' Socialism: Prize in economics, it is Mises. But in the raise all prices proportionately; the new "Everyone carries a part of society on his few years of its existence, that award has money goes to specific persons or industries, shoulders; no one is relieved of his share gone to a handful of so-called "mathematical raising their prices and incomes first. The of responsibllity by others. And no one can economists"-in large part, one suspects, be­ effect of infiation is always to redistribute find a safe way out for himself if society is cause only a parade of unintelligible mathe­ wealth and income in ways that distort in­ sweeping towards destruction. Therefore matical equations impresses the laymen re­ centives and production, create obvious in­ everyone, in his own interests, must thrust sponsible for finding laureates as being truly justices, and enkindle social discontent. himself vigorously into the intellectual bat­ "scienti.fic," and perhaps because granting it Moreover, Mises presented in this book, for tle. None can stand aside with unconcern; to economists primarily for their mathe­ the first tl.me, at least the rudiments of a the interests of everyone hang on the result. matical ablllty relleves the donors from satisfactory explantion of the bUSiness cy­ Whether he chooses or not, every man is seeming to take sides in the central political cle. He showed that boom and bust were by drawn into the great historic struggle, the and economic issues of our time-the free no means inherent in capitalism, as the decisive· battle into which our epoch has market vs. government controls and "plan­ Marxists insisted, but that they did tend plunged us." ning," capitalism versus socialism, human to be inherent in the monetary and credilt practices prevailing up to that time (and As the eminent French economist Jacques Uberty versus dictatorship. Rueff once put it: "Those who have heard Ludwig von Mises was born on Septem· largely since) . The fractional bank-reserve ber 29, 1881, in Lemberg, then part of the system, and the support furnished by cen­ him have often been astonished at being Austro-Hungaria.n Empire. He entered the tral banks, tend to promote the over-expan­ led by his cogency of reasoning to places University of Vienna in 1900, studied under sion of money and credit. This raises prices whither they, in their all-too-human timo­ the great Eugen von Boehm-Bawerk, and and artificially lowers interest rates, thus rousness, had never dared to go." October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34739 RUSSIA'S SUCCESSFUL HAMSTRING­ West. No matter how it is bent to and fro, last century has been to bring the black ING OF DETENTE the final result still emerges the same. man from slavery into the mainstream of To compound the bloody, chancy busi­ American society. In the long view of ness, the Russians have emerged with a history, our country will be judged to HON. FRANK J. BRASCO massive airlift of modern weapons to the have made a great effort, unprecedented OF NEW YORK irresponsible aggressor states in the Mid­ in the history of mankind, to achieve IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dle East who staged the Pearl Harbor­ this goal. style sneak attack, Syria and Egypt. The capstone of this effort was to have Thursday, October 18, 1973 Once again, here is the true face of So­ been the integrated school system. It Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, I have long viet thinking and diplomacy. was thought that the integration of hoped that some agreements might at Brezhnev is revealed as the same kind schools would work out very much like last emerge to ease the long years of of cynical Communist dictator as his the integration of athletic teams and of tension between the United States and predecessors. He may wear a business restaurants, motels, movie houses and the Soviet Union. In recent months, it suit, smile, pat children on the head, and other public facilities. Once the dis­ looked as if such a possibility was very make little jokes to the television camera. criminatory laws and customs were real. Regrettably, the events of the past However, in the past few days he and the broken down and blacks, even if only a week have changed my thinking. regime he heads emerge as purveyors of few, were admitted to formerly all white When the Syrians and Egyptians weapons to desperate gamblers who schools, integration would follow natu­ launched their surprise attack upon Is­ would plunge mankind into the ultimate rally and relatively painlessly. Everyone rael, it had to be with the full knowledge and final battle. It is bad enough to place would realize how unfair the past prac­ of the Russians, otherwise why else would a loaded pistol with a hair trigger into tices had been and would welcome the they have evacuated their dependent the hands of an irresponsible child. But new dispensation as lifting a great load personnel in the affected countries? Cer­ what does one think of the person who of guilt from the national conscience. It tainly they had advance knowledge of deliberately does so, and seeks to gain at has not worked out that way, beeause the what was contemplated by the Syrians your expense by it? Does one then pro­ desegregation of schools, unlike the de­ and Egyptians, especially in light of the ceed to trust that calculating, cynical op­ segregation of sports and lunch counters, fact that Russia is the only important portunist with one's life savings, virtue, involves the restructuring of educational supplier of armaments for the combat­ and future? Hardly. institutions and conflicts with other ant Arab States, and has been the sole The Soviets are like a drunkard who important values. supplier for some years now. can never stop. They cannot resist the It is difilcult for liberal and progressive When President Nixon and Brezhnev opportunity to conquer a part of the people to admit that integration is not met last year in Moscow, a number of world on the sly and on the cheap. Hav­ working, for they have invested an enor­ communiques were issued, pledging both ing been burned by Arab irrationality mous amount of emotional capital in the sides to an easing of tensions. Russia's again and again, they seek to maintain ideal of integrated schools, and they con­ leader poured out soothing words like oil control over the uncontrollable, even tinue to see the difficulties as being upon the waters, and everyone congrat­ though it is like running through a caused primarily by white racism. While ulated themselves on all the progress we powder magazine with a lighted torch. a small number of parents may be die­ were making toward detente with the The United States must carefully re­ hard segregationists, I submit that the Soviets. consider any and all agreements, formal majority of them are conscientious and Today, that entire scenario emerges as and otherwise, with the Soviet Union. sincere and are concerned for the wel­ a vast sham, although, to his credit in If they were willing to act in this thrice fare of their children. They are good this, President Nixon cannot be accused deceitful manner in the Middle East, citizens, who by and large, have faith­ of bad faith. When the fighting broke out how will they act in a crisis with us. Sup­ fully supported public education and who in the Middle East, the United States pose in some three-cornered disagree­ have provided the resources to nourish asked for great power cooperation to end ment with China, we suddenly find our­ it. They have also accepted integration it, and was rebuffed. Nor was this all. selves confronted with a unified Russia as right and just. But they are heartsick Rather, it turned out to be merely the and China arrayed against us. Are we to see the deterioration in discipline and commencement of a calculated policy of not fools to believe these people, when in the quality of education in our schools Soviet deceit, warmongering and be­ and what this means for the future of the recent Middle East actions on their their children. They see the education trayal. In the process, the Russians part are piled upon the chicanery of and life chances of their children being played with the very essence and bal­ other similar actions? jeopardized in the interest of improving ance of world peace. Previous to this, only those on the most others. They do not object to leveling up, While the fighting grew in intensity, conservative edge of the American polit­ but violently resist leYeling down. the Russians were engaged in a careful, ical spectrum took such a stance. While Actually, the effort to bring the black methodical campaign throughout the en­ I have not converted to that philosophy, man into the mainstream of society tire Arab world to draw every nation pos­ however, it is my feeling that numbers through school desegregation has been sible into the growing combat. How cal­ of Americans who are of the liberal phil­ both a success and a failure. It has been lously and cold-bloodedly the Russians osophical persuasion share my feelings. a success in that the principle of legal, acted. Tunisia, Algeria, Lebanon, and This by itself does not augur well for the official segregation has been denied Jordan were all actively encouraged by so-called "detente" promoted so assid­ everywhere. The legal structure of segre­ the Russians to join in ganging up on uously by many among us. Perhaps Sen­ gated schools has been destroyed and the Israel, once the hostilities were well un­ ator HENRY JACKSON is right when he idea repudiated. For moral as well as derway. Here was an invitation to holo­ states that the Russians are more like a historical reasons, all of the United caust across the globe. Here was the true burglar walking down a hotel corridor, States stand firmly for the principles of face of the Soviet Union. Each of ·the stating aloud that he has reformed while racial equality. This has been a consider­ letters delivered by every Russian am­ he simultaneously turns the handle of able achievement. But it has been a fail­ bassador repeated the !arne message. In every doorknob he happens to pass. ure in that dismantling the legal, official effect, Russia was saying, "Jump in now, structure of segregation has not auto­ boys, and kill Israel while you have the matically integrated schools. chance." The extent of the failure can be illus­ Detente cannot survive such irrespon­ BEYOND DESEGREGATION-WHAT trated by two points on which there is a sibility. One can only term the Russian OUGHT TO BE DONE? reasonable degree of consensus: First, behavior a calculated policy designed to there is a high degree of racial segrega­ insure Israel's destruction. In the proc­ HON. RICHARDSON PREYER tion in the Nation's public schools despite ess, she acted with incredible cynicism OF NORTH CARO~A Brown v. Board of Education; and, sec­ toward the United States. While putting ond, there is a substantial gap between on the face of reconctliation, the Soviet IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Negro and white educational achieve­ regime was busily engaged in going about Thursday, October 18, 1973 ment levels. its old business of seeking world domina­ Mr. PREYER. Mr. Speaker, a main The exclusive response of courts to tion and hegemony at the expense of the concern of American public life in the these two problems has been to order 34740 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 more actual integration of schools. To practical way. This situation creates two an integrated school system by attempt­ the question of how much further we consequences. It leads to a discriminatory ing other specified remedies. If the goal should push beyond the abolition of offi­ legal double standard whereby law and of a unitary school system is not achieved cial segregation-and thereby increase school policy are applied differently in in this fashion and if it then becomes actual integration in schools-the courts different areas of the country. Further­ necessary to bus, such busing is limited have answered that the objective is "the more, it begs the question of what is to to the school nearest or next nearest to greatest possible degree of actual racial be done about the black inner-city the student's residence. balance as closely as possible through the schools of our large cities, for they should There are several problems with this use of cross-busing. This is where the not be left in isolation while we turn our category of legislation. In addressing it­ trouble begins. attention to integrating those a~hools in self primarily to the question of excessive Racial balance as a remedy for illegal which integration is possible. busing remedies, it is largely silent on the segregation derives a logical and idealis­ The controversy over school integra­ question of reducing racial concentration tic appeal from being the opposite of offi­ tion has, of course, led to demands on in unitary school systems. Its positive cial segregation. The black columnist for Congress to "do something." Congres­ legislative policy toward de facto school the Washington Post, William Raspberry, sional response has been uncertain. Only segregation is weak, putting all its eggs has said: in the past 2 years has Congress con­ in the basket of compensatory education. Racial segregation in public schools is both sidered comprehensive legislation to deal The inner-city school is lett largely foolish and wrong, which has led a. lot of us with the problems as a whole or attempt­ untouched. to suppose that school integration must, ed to express a national policy on the There is also a practical difficulty with therefore, be wise and just. It ain't neces­ subject. The objective of these compre­ the "next nearest school" provision of sarily so. hensive bills, with different degrees of H.R. 13915. In most cities of 50,000 or The courts have been unable to achieve emphasis, is to formulate a national pol­ above in population, blacks tend to live the best educational results using this icy designed to encourage a reduction of together in one or more sections of the racial balance approach because courts de facto-unofficial--school segregation city. These sections are often bordered cannot control all the conditions neces­ and to deal constructively with the prob­ by low-income white areas. As a result, sary to bring about educationally effec­ lem of achievement disparities in those busing to the next nearest school will tive integration. we do not have much situations in which racial concentration usually result in mixing two low-income evidence on what makes for education­ remains. The comprehensive btlls fall groups, since middle-income sections are ally effective integration, but the evi­ into three major categories. often further removed geographically dence we do have, primarily the Coleman The first category of proposed legisla­ from black sections. The educationally Report, indicates that improving the ed­ tion is based on "improving the schools effective mix of middle-income students ucation of low-income students requires where they are." The instrument for do­ with low-income students, as recom­ integration with middle-income students ing this is compensatory spending. The mended by the Coleman Report, is not in a proportion that assures a majority difficulty with this approach, apart from achieved, and the low-income white is of middle-income students. There is no its overtones of a return to the "separate further embittered. benefit derived from mixing low-income but equal" doctrine, is that there is a These problems can be avoided. Con­ students with other low-income students, great deal of evidence to indicate that gress unquestionably has the authority and if low-income students constitute a compensatory spending has no measur­ to deal at large with the problems of edu­ majority when mixed with middle-in­ able effect in improving the educational cation, although it is treading on dan­ come students, the education of both achievements of the recipients. gerous ground whenever it attempts to groups suffers. This means that educa­ Educational achievement appears to control judicial decrees in an area in tionally effective integration requires a depend, as Christopher Jencks has writ­ which the courts are applying the Con­ delicate balancing of low-income and ten, not on the quality of the school it­ situation. H.R. 13915, and other bills in middle-income students. self but "largely on a single input, the the second category of legislation, seek The courts, however, are unable to con­ characteristics of the entering children." to stop the courts from granting certain trol this balance because people are free These characteristics are determined by remedies but do not attack the problems to live wherever they choose and are free a number of factors, including genetics, at which these remedies are directed. to send their children to private schools. environment-especially the first 4 Congress goal should be to use its legis­ As a result, we get the phenomenon of years-family background-including lative power to reduce the need for bus­ "white ftight" from the public schools the nutrition of the mother when preg­ ing in achieving a unitary school system. and "resegregation," and the education­ nant with the child-and the influence of This is much better than creating false ally effective balance is continually dis­ television. Compensatory spending on hopes by attempting to foreclose the turbed. schools touches none of these factors. remedies of the courts. It is difficult to condemn any parent, Compensatory spending as the sole an­ The third category of pending legisla­ rich or poor, for seeking the best school­ swer to our school problem is no answer. tion before Congress attempts to address ing for his child that he can find and af­ But despite the findings that compensa­ the problems rather than the courts. An ford. But parents with lower incomes tory programs have little effect on example of this type of legislation is the have much less choice, and this has an achievement, compensatory spending Preyer-Udall bill which was first intro­ invidious consequence, because where the should not be ruled out as a part of the duced last year. The principal draftsman integration of schools is possible, the bur­ answer. of this blll is Prof. Alexander Bickel, den of bringing it about falls heaviest on The second category of comprehensive Chancellor Kent Professor of Law and low-income whites. Many low-income legislation is addressed to court remedies. Legal History at Yale Law School. The parents have chosen their place of resi­ An example is H.R. 13915, passed last bill does not seek to give a categorical dence largely on the basis of the schools year by the House of Representatives. answer to the problems of schools, be­ available, exercising almost the only de­ This bill also includes compensatory cause in our judgment, the problems of gree of choice they have. It is small won­ spending features, but its main thrust is unequal and inadequate educational re­ der that they explode emotionally when directed at limiting the remedies courts sults and of racial concentration in some they are told that their children must be :may apply when discrimination has been schools are not susceptible of resolution sent elsewhere to further what they con­ found. by a categorical national policy. sider a vague sociological goal rather Such bllls endorse the principle of an The blll also recognizes that the courts than the interests of their children. They integrated school system, but would limit are poor instruments for bringing about resent this as an unfair restriction on the remedies the courts can apply to specific reforms in education. When con­ their freedom of choice, rather than be­ bring an integrated system into existence. fronted with racial isolation in a school ing concerned with busing as such. They do not ban all busing, but tightly district that is doing little on its own to In some areas of the country, especially circumscribe busing remedies that may attack the problem, a court will order the large cities of the North and East, be ordered in de jure cases, that is, cases busing because there is little else it can integration by racial balance seems a in which officially sanctioned segrega­ do that wlll have much impact. A court practical impossibility. For example, it is tion exists. H.R. 13915, for example, di­ may well decide that it is foolhardy to in­ hard to see how the 20-square-mile black rects that a court may not resort to bus­ sist on racial balance, which busing area of Chicago can be integrated in any ing until it has first sought to bring about promsies but all too often falls to achieve, October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34741 as the sole or even the principal means of tion. Experience indicates, however, that it will receive the serious consideration solving the problem of racial isolation in it would not result in any mass exodus. that we believe it deserves. a particular school district. But what else Another feature of the bill is an is the court to do? We need to assist the "equalization of resources" provision VETERANS DAY-1973 courts by offering them alternatives to which directs local educational agencies busing rather than just prohibiting the to eliminate disparities in educational use of busing. practices between schools that result in HON. ROBERT PRICE How can we bring about this new edu­ unequal educational opportunities. Eight OF TEXAS cational reality and develop constructive examples of such disparities are listed, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES alternatives for the courts' considera­ such as comparative overcrowding of Thursday, October 18, 1973 tion? Such alternatives will appear only facilities, higher pupil-teacher ratios, when the reins of education control are provision for fewer student services and Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, the handed back to local officials. Otherwise, inadequate buildings. This provision history of Veterans Day itself reflects embittered communities will continue to could be easily coordinated with new tax the military history of our troubled times. watch from the sidelines as the courts law to provide a structure through which It has evolved from an observance com­ administer clumsy and drastic remedies new financing plans for schools could be memorating the termination of hostili­ to their educational ailments. Com­ channeled. Rather than the hit-or-miss ties of World War I to a day of solemn munity involvement and community con­ system of each school district applying recollection and acknowledgement of the trol might become a reality if local for grants, it would provide for a coordi­ debt we owe to all of the brave men who school districts were required to take a nated statewide program for the use of gave their lives in our country's defense. hard, organized look at their problems such funds. On Veterans Day we now also honor the and then to devise a comprehensive 10- It should be pointed out that the veterans among us who bore the brunt of year plan for improvement. Such a plan Preyer-Udall bill does not require busing. battle and served their country well in its would be more than a simple desegrega­ Our real range of action probably in­ times of peril and need. tion scheme. It would necessarily include volves modest and limited busing, to­ On November 4, 1921, Congress, by methods to reduce racirJ concentrations, gether with the use of other techniques, joint resolution, authorized the President but it would also include any number of such as redrawing of neighborhood at­ to proclaim November 11-of that year innovative techniques to improve the ed­ tendance zones, magnet schools and ma­ only-a Federal legal public holiday in ucational process, as a whole. Signifi­ jority-minority transfers. The recent honor of the burial of the Unknown Sol­ cantly, there is every reason to believe Lambda study indicates that we can re­ dier at the Arlington National Ceme­ that school districts in the process of vise the more extensive busing plans and tery. During the years that passed im­ charting their own educational course still carry forward desegregation. mediately thereafter, the observance, might be viewed differently by Federal It could be argued that the Preyer­ held each November 11 at 11 a.m., the judges who so often in the past have Udall approach is utopian and will month, day, and hour of the cessation of had only a choice of either issuing a bus­ only provide an excuse for more delay World War I hostilities, became known ing decree or seeing nothing done. and foot dragging. However, there are throughout the country as Armistice The Preyer-Udall bill carries out this two powerful inducements for the States Day. suggestion. It would require that each to submit plans for approval. The first In 1938, Congress declared the day to State within 2 years of enactment sub­ inducement is Federal financial support be a permanent Federal legal public holi­ mit a plan to carry out the objectives for needed educational programs. The day. The statutory language of the act of of the act, that is, to improve and equal­ second is the threat of a court takeover, Congress by which this was achieved was ize educational results throughout the with the probable imposition of a mathe­ brief and businesslike for a day that car­ Nation and to alleviate racial isolation. matical racial balance decree if no good ried such a heavy burden of emotion, Federal financial assistance would vary· faith effort is made to achieve the ob­ especially for those who had lost a loved not only in accordance with the popula­ jectives of reducing racial concentrations one in the First World War: tion of a State, but also in accordance and reducing the disparities of educa­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House o! with the number of minority families. tional achievements among schools. Representatives o! the United States o! America in Congress assembled; that the 11th Plans would be reviewable annually and All three branches of the Federal Gov­ day o! November 1n each year, a day to be would be geared to achieve their objec­ ernment can share the blame for the dedicated to the cause o! world peace and tives in 10 years. Acceptable plans would emotional controversy over busing. to be herea.i'ter celebrated and known as include one or more of such features as Clearly, something must be done. But it Armistice Day, is hereby made a legal public magnet schools, educational parks, co­ is important that the balance to be hollday to all intents and purposes and 1n the operative exchanges, and joint partici­ struck be morally and intellectually same manner as (other legal public holi­ pation programs for minority-group and right. Congress should act in cooperation days). nonm.inority-group children who attend with the courts and not in conflict with After World War ll and the Korean different schools, whether public or them. conflict, the inappropriateness of con­ private. The list contained in the bill is The question is one not of goals but of fining a holiday to the commemoration not exclusive. Its purpose is to give ex­ the wisest choice of means to achieve of the ending of the First World War was amples of techniques that might be in­ racial desegregation in the schools. The apparent; Congress, therefore, by an act cluded in a State plan. courts have adjudged proportional racial approved on June 1, 1954, changed the Each plan would be developed in con­ balancing, achieved by busing, as the name of the day from Armistice Day to sultation with local educational agencies, best temporary answer. But this is a bad Veterans Day. Thus the designation was a local advisory committee, including long-term answer. It is disruptive to so­ made all-inclusive, and November 11 was parents of students, and a State advisory ciety. It damages our educational sys­ thereafter observed in honor of both the council. A National Advisory Council, ap­ tem. It results in resegregation and there­ dead and the living members of the pointed by the President, would work fore is futuile by its own terms. Propor­ Armed Forces of the United States. with the Secretary of Health, Education, tional racial balance, as ordered by the This year, under the provisions of the and Welfare in developing criteria for courts, is not the best and only way to Monday Holiday Act, we observe Vet­ the approval of plans and in reviewing reach the goals of improving our schools, erans Day on the fourth Monday in Oc­ the operation of the plans. providing equal educational opportunity tober. I would like to say that I am very The bill also includes a "majority and overcoming racial concentration. much opposed to the moving of Veterans transfer" provision which gives a student Rather. we should put our funds and Day from its traditional day of observ­ a right at the beginning of the school energies into developing new educational ance-November 11-to its present date. year to transfer from a school in which I have sponsored legislation to return his race is in a majority to a school in plans, locally evolved and locally admin­ istered. Veterans Day to its rightful historical which his race is in a minority, with place, and I trust that the Congress and transportation furnished. This is a first Mr. Speaker, yesterday the gentleman the President will join in making the step and would result in siphoning otf from Arizona (Mr. UDALL) and I are 11th day of the 11th month once again some students from inner-city schools to reintroducing our legislation of last year our national and honored Veterans Day. the suburbs, thus relieving racial isola- in substantially identical form. I com­ In honoring Veterans Day, let us re­ cXIX--2189-Part 27 mend this bill to our colleagues and hope member that each man answered his 34742 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 country's call according to the dictates ity. The Ambulatory Care Advisory Commit­ party was underscored in 1963 when he was of his own conscience. One of the most tee is deeply concerned with health services elected head of the Republican State Com­ moving expressions of this individual in the entire borough of Queens as well as in mittee--a post in which he served with our own hospital. We wish to go on record characteristic vitality and effectiveness. sense of responsibility was made by that we oppose the closing of St. Albans Hos­ Known to fellow Republicans throughout Washington during the first year of his pital. the nation, Fred was also vice chairman of Presidency when he addressed the Leg­ There is a serious shortage of hospital beds the New York delegation to the GOP Na­ islature of the State of Connecticut in and ambulatory care facilities in the borough tional Convention in 1964. these words: of Queens. We suggest that the hospital be His accomplishments as Presiding Judge of I have obeyed a summons to which I can converted to a Veterans Administration hos­ the Court of Claims are a matter of record. never be insensible . . . When my country pital which will also include community He took justifiable pride in the reduction of demands the sacrifice, personal ease must al­ health facil1ties and thus provide needed a large backlog of cases before the Court ways be a secondary consideration. health care to veterans, their families, and during his last term as Presiding Judge. to the Queens community. Fred Young's generosity and humanity For those veterans who were fortunate Very sincerely yours, will always be legendary. It is virtually enough to have returned unscathed, we GEORGE McCOY, impossible to chart the number of worthy must remember the war-caused disrup­ Ambulatory Care Advisory Committee causes to which he dedicated himself. He tion of their lives, their willingness to of Jamaica Hospital. was my friend and I valued that friendship. Mrs. Rockefeller and I extend our deepest risk the desperate hazards of combat, THE PODIATRY SOCIETY OF sympathies to Mrs. Young, their two chil­ and the agonizing separation from their THE STATE OF NEW YORK, dren and all other members of the family. loved ones which they endured. October 9, 1973. We are also well aware that the con­ Hon. LESTER WOLFF, tribution of our veterans to the national Great Neck, N .Y. welfare is not limited only to wartime. DEAR MR. WoLFF: As president of the GLYPTOTHECA,PINACOTHECA, AND The evidence of their leadership is all Queens Podiatry Society of the State of New THE NEED FOR THE MUSEUM about us, in business, in public life, and York, I would like to inform you that our Executive Board and Board of Trustees in SERVICES BILL in the professions. Our last five Presi­ Queens County has gone on record to oppose dents have been veterans, and today vet­ the discontinuance of the present program at erans are contributing to a stronger and the St. Albans Naval Hospital. It is our firm HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM better America through their efforts in conviction that this facilit y be reorganized to OF NEW YORK every form of human endeavor. service the surrounding community as a But we are all tragically aware that public health center. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES all the Veterans Days that have been ob­ Yours very truly, Thursday, October 18, 1973 Dr. LESTER S. KELLER, served, and all these that will be ob­ President. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the strike served, can never bring back those who by the Museum of Modern Art's em­ have died, or fully compensate the ployees in New York City is but one in­ maimed and ill among our veterans. Yet NEW YORK STATE LOSES A dication of a growing need for Federal we must do something to express our DISTINGUISHED CITIZEN financial assistance to insure the well­ devotion and thanks, and our Veterans being of the Nation's museums. H.R. Day observance are one of the ways that 10596, the Museum Services Act, would we have adopted. Let us therefore ob­ HON. ROBERT C. McEWEN establish a program of grants and tech­ serve Veterans Day in the proper spirit OF NEW YORK nical assistance to ease the financial of humble thanksgiving for the gift of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strains affecting many, if not all, of the freedom bestowed upon us by our Amer­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 country's museums. ican fighting men, and pray that we The purpose of the Museum Services shall not again be forced to ask our young Mr. McEWEN. Mr. Speaker, the death Act is to enable institutions with small men to take personal risk in our defense. of the Honorable Fred A. Young took endowments, such as the Museum of from my constituency one of its most Modern Art, to absorb increased labor, outstanding and respected citizens. Judge material, acquisition, and exhibition costs Fred A. Young, who died on October 16, without sacrificing their hard-earned KEEP ST. ALBANS NAVAL HOSPITAL was an able lawyer who had distin­ reputations that are so important in OPEN guished himself as a legislator, jurist, drawing the viewing public, and hence, and, above all, as a politician in the very local fiscal support. The bill would not HON. LESTER L. WOLFF best sense of the term. Beginning as a place the entire burden on the Federal justice of the peace in his village, he Government as the only source of money, OJ' NEW YORK went on to serve as a member of the New IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but would provide the support needed York Assembly, a State senator, judge to insure that the educational and cul­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 of the New York State Court of Claims tural benefits provided the public through Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, evidence of and, finally, as presiding judge of that this medium are not lost. community support for keeping St. court. A former county chairman, he was I commend to my colleagues an ar­ Albans Naval Hospital open continues to elected in 1963 as chairman of the New ticle that appeared in the October 16, mount. This support is not for turning York Republican State Committee. Most 1973, edition of the New York Post de­ this facility into an animal quarantine of my New York colleagues on both sides tailing the situation facing the Museum center, as the Department of Agriculture of the aisle knew Fred Young as a friend. of Modern Art: has proposed, but rather to keep the I include the following statement by IT Is THE BOTTOM LINE IN A PAY PROTEST hospital operating to serve the half a Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller on the death (By Jane Perlez) million veterans of Queens, Nassau, and of Judge Young: There were several prints of Picasso's "Boy Suffolk Counties. These veterans, many STATEMENT BY Gov. NELSON A. ROCKEFELLER Leading the Horse," stuck on cardboard and of whom became disabled in an unpopu­ The death of Judge Fred A. Young takes strung around the neck of strikers parading lar war, deserve the best attention that from New York State a man respected for his outside the Museum of Modern Art on E. 53d this country can provide. I would like to abilities as legislator, political leader and St. The boy had a sign scrawled across the judge-beloved for his kindness to his lower part of his torso. It reads: "We're insert the following statements of the fellowman. Down to the Bare Minimum." Jamaica Hospital and the Podiatry So­ Fred Young served the people of New The museum's 135 professional and admin­ ciety of New York in the REcoRD: York with distinction and energy. He won istrative employes who walked out a week THE JAMAICA HOSPITAL, acclaim as a practicing attorney and county ago begin a new round of negotiations today. Jamaica, N.Y., October 11, 1973. chairman in Lewis County. He rose through They feel they are down to the bare minimum Congressman LESTER WoLFF, the ranks of public life to become suc­ in dollars. Great Neck, N.Y. cessively a State Assemblyman, a State Sena­ More than 40 earn less than $7000 a year. DEAR CONGRESSMAN WOLFF: The Ambula­ tor and Judge of the Court of Claims. Many earn the minimum $6100. Some of tory Care Advisory Committee of Jamaica A lifelong Republican, Fred served as a them, like the 26-year-old chairman of the Hospital consists of consumers and provid­ county chairman for more than 15 years. His union negotiating team, Susan Bertram, ers of health care, and has a consumer major- popularity among the men and women of his earn $9750. October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34743 A senior program assistant responsible for refused to compromise those beliefs for rn a brief order the court dealt a strategic eXhibitions sent to Sout h America, Miss Ber­ expediency or profit. He opposed totali­ setback to the administration, which now tram says her salary jumped $3000 in the last tarianism in any form. He maintained must continue to fi.ght impoundment bat­ year. She credits the rise to the formation of an independent stance throughout his tles in lower courts, where it has lost nearly the Professional and Administrative Staff every case. Assn., the first union of professional museum entire career. The court's refusal to entertain the Geor­ staff in the country. Mr. Copley believed that the press had gia. case was among 900 actions taken as an obligation to present the news fairly the justices disposed of cases accumulated SOME QUESTIONS during the summer. "Eighty per cent of the negotiating unit and completely. He epitomized the kind are women, 75 per cent of the stat! are women of responsibility we expect and deserve but 75 per cent of the management are men," in our daily newspapers. His newspapers The bid for a Supreme Court trial over says the vigorous, lanky blond. "Why," she reflected the professionalism that is a impoundment came 1n a suit by Georgia. asked, "do the salaries of the 40 manage­ hallmark of good journalism. demanding appropriated funds for highway, ment stat! total more than $1 mlllion, and When I served in the California State education and anti-pollution projects. Geor­ the total for the 170 people in the bargain­ gia invoked the high court's power to hear Assembly in Sacramento, I had occasion lawsuits in which states are a. party, ing unit only $1.2 million?" to deal frequently with the Copley Press Inside the main doors, film department but the justices adhered to their practice of director Wlllard Van Dykes, a gray-haired and the Sacramento Union, his local avoiding such suits where possible. man with a striped bow tie and gray flan­ paper, on many issues. Although we Both the state and Solicitor General nel suit, was answering questions at the in­ sometimes did not see eye to eye on a Robert H. Bork conceded that lower courts formation desk. Film screenings stopped last particular issue, my side was always rep­ also had jurisdiction over the controversy. week after the projectionists refused to cross resented factually and fairly. I can say But they said the fight could be settled the picket line. that I always got proper coverage. sooner by bypassing the lower tribunals. • "If they stuck to the questions of wages Ten states and New York City, also locked Mr. Copley defended our institutions in impoundment litigation, urged the court I could listen with more equanimity," he and our heritage with vigor and courage. said, looking at the strikers on the sidewalk. to ignore the suit and wait for cases to "But there's an attempt to take over some We are all somewhat the less for the pass­ come up in the regular appell81te process. of the prerogatives of the management." ing of Mr. Copley. They argued that the court might actually And that, according to the museum's la­ However, I understand that his widow, slow the development of other cases if it bor counsel, Robert Batterman, is the key Mrs. Helen Copley, has pledged to carry took charge of the entire problem in pro­ to the talks. The union wants 16 people in on in the same tradition. For that, we longed proceedings here in Washington. supervisory position&-curators and assistant are grateful and wish the Copley Press "It cannot be overlooked that the gov­ curators included-given union status. continued life and success. ernment's interests in an impoundment "We've discussed this at great length," Bat­ case are served by any delay," the states terman said last night. "But we're at an argued. impasse on it." Today's meeting with state mediator Sol­ omon Kreitman is the first since the strike ADMINISTRATION CONTINUES TO IMPOUNDMENT: ADMINISTRATION LOSES MOST began last week. The museum offered a 5¥2 LOSE IMPOUNDMENT BATTLES IN COURT TEsTS per cent across-the-board increase over two COURT As Congress nears final agreement on leg­ years. islation to prohibit executive impoundment The union wants a rise in the minimum of appropriated funds, the Nixon Adminis­ from $6100 to $7200. As well, it has asked HON. JOE L. EVINS tration's impoundment policies are taking a for a nine per cent increase on all salaries OF TENNESSEE solid drubbing in the courts as well. (Legisla­ for the first year. And it wants a representa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion, Weekly, Report p. 2359) tive on the board of trustees. According to a study being prepared by Elizabeth Shaw, director for public infor­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 the Library of Congress, about 30 cases deal­ mation, sat in her fifth floor office yesterday Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, ing with the impoundment issue have been afternoon with the chance of the youthful decided, primarily at the federal district picketers drifting through the windows. the administration is continuing to lose court battles contesting the massive and court level. The government was on the "IT'S VERY DIFFICULT" excessive impoundment of funds appro­ losing side in all but five, according to aLi­ "We all know that museum work is not brary of Congress expert, but will appeal at paid as well as any institution that makes priated by the Congress. least 10 of the adverse decisions. money," she said. "This museum has a tiny The latest development is a recent re­ Several suits are aimed at prying loose al­ endowment and it's very ditficult. I think fusal by the U.S. Supreme Court to hear most one-third of the $1.8-billion the De­ we'd like to do better in times of infiation." a case directly from the State of Georgia partment of Health, Education and Welfare How long can the museum tolerate the which was not channeled through normal (HEW) impounded in fiscal 1973 under a strike? "We're not hurting," she said. appeal procedures. The administration self-imposed spending plan. Because of the But some vocal pickets were confident. had requested that the case be heard. pending cases, according to an HEW official, "Attendance is down 50 per cent. Book sales States who resisted the effort for a about $559-Inillion was earmarked as "con­ are right down," said one, citing "friends on tingent obligations" before July 1, when the the inside." direct trial of the suit in the Supreme funds would have reverted to the Treasury. AI Evanoff, vice president of District 65 of Court pointed out that this might delay Most courts have swept aside the admin­ the parent Distributive Workers of America, other cases which will reach the court istration's contention that in order to looked over the picket line and said his through the normal appeals process. "faithfully execute" the laws, the President 30,000 members were prepared to back the Congressional Quarterly reported re­ may impound funds to control inflation or strike. Already, he said, food for the restau­ cently that the administration has lost prevent a tax increase. In most cases, spe­ rant was not being delivered and garbage 25 of 30 impoundment cases in lower cific anti-impoundment language covering not being collected. courts. certain programs supersedes the President's discretionary authority to withhold funds, Because of the interest of my col­ the courts have ruled. leagues and the American people in this Typical was a decision handed down Aug. s most important matter, I place in the JAMES S. COPLEY by Federal District Court Judge Gerhard A. REcoRD excerpts from an article in the Gesell ordering HEW to process grant awards Washington Post concerning the recent totaling $52.1-million for community mental Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court and health centers. He termed the President's economic concerns "pertinent," but cited OF CALIFORNIA an article from Congressional Quarterly clear statutory obligation to spend the funds. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES summarizing legal developments in im­ Because of the special anti-impoundment Thursday, October 18, 1973 poundment cases. provision of a 1970 act covering the program, The articles follow: Gesell wrote, the President "does not have Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. HIGH COURT DECLINES IMPOUNDMENT 'I'RLU. complete discretion to pick and choose be­ Speaker, a great California newspaper t ween programs when some of them are made publisher, Mr. James S. Copley, died on (By John P. MacKenzie) mandatory by conscious, deliberate congres­ October 6. His death was not only a great The Supreme Court, rejecting pleas by the sional action." state of Georgia and the Nixon administra­ loss to the newspaper publishing enter­ tion, refused yesterday to conduct a full­ SPENDING PLAN CONTROVERSY prise he headed, but to all Californians. scale trial over the administration's power The dispute between HEW and Congress He was a man with a steadfast belief to impound funds appropriated for Geor­ over how much was appropriated for HEW in American ideals and principles, and gia and other states. programs in fiscal 1973 is a complicated one, 34744 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 stemming !rom the fact that two regular priation, were withheld from the schools. A Economic Stabilization Act Amendments of appropriations btlls for HEW 1n :fiscal 1978 ruling on a final injunction is expected in 1971 and the debt limit imposed by Congress were vetoed. Funding was covered by a con­ September. in 1972. tinuing resolution; its requirements are at Suits aimed at the release of about $480- WEINBERGER DEFENSE the core of the initial controversy. (1972 Al­ million in education funds have been brought Weinberger's defense of the impoundments manac p. 865) by several states. Pennsylvania, joined by has centered on the requirements of his in­ Congress cleared the resolution June 30, some other states, won a ruling June 28 from terpretation of the continuing resolution. 1972, before the first HEW appropriations bill Federal District Court Judge Joseph C. Wad­ ". . . It would be quite unrealistic, quite had emerged from conference. Under the dy requiring HEW to set aside $380-mlllion in absurd, really," he said in an Aug. 6 television congressional interpretation, the resolution elementary and secondary education funds. interview, "for the President to say, well, I required spending at the lower of the House­ A final ruling is expected in early Septem­ must pick the interpretation that requires passed or senate-passed figures contained 1n ber. Other suits deal with library services me to spend at the level I vetoed twice, when the first bill. The fact that this blll was and construction funds and special equip­ clearly, from my point of view, from the point vetoed would not alter the resolution's re­ ment programs. of view that the Department of Justice ad­ quirements, according to the congressional MANDATORY LANGUAGE vised me, it doesn't require that.'' viewpoint. Key to the outcome in the HEW cases is He also maintained that more spending, Another section of the resolution allowed the existence of provisions of law specifically especially for programs which the adminis­ spending at the lower of the administration's requiring expenditure of health and educa­ tration believes have outlived their useful­ 1973 budget request or fiscal 1972 appropria­ tion funds. A provision (Section 601) of the ness, would not guarantee improved health tions, 1f neither the House nor Senate had 1970 extension of the Hill-Burton hospital programs. passed a fiscal 1973 appropriations blll for construction act, passed over a presidential ROGERS REPLY HEW. The administration, citing the two veto, required spending in major health pro­ Appearing on the same television program, ·vetoed bills, has contended that this provi­ grams. The provision was extended through Rep. Paul G. Rogers (D Fla.), chairman of sion governed required spending. fiscal 1974 as part of the omnibus health ex­ the House Interstate Commerce Subcommit­ The deadlock was complicated further by tension btll (PL 9~5). (1970 act, 1970 Al­ tee on Public Health and Environment, hotly the administration's decision in January to manac p. 221; 1973 extension, Weekly Re­ contested Weinberger's interpretation of the submit revised fiscal 1973 budget requests port p. 1465) continuing resolution. Earlier, Rogers had for many health programs it proposed to Section 601 is identical to a 1970 amend­ threatened subcommittee hearings aimed at kill or phase out in fiscal 1974. Because these ment to the General Education Provisions seeking the resignation of the HEW officials requests were the lowest available funding Act, covering most education programs. Both "who failed to carry out the law" by im­ levels !or the disputed programs, HEW has provisions provide that funds appropriated pounding health funds. used them as its fiscal 1973 spending plan. before July 1, 1973, for the programs cov­ Even in the HEW documents on health These interpretations have caused both ered "shall remain available for obligation impoundments delivered to the Commerce confusion and anger in Congress. " ... The ad­ and expenditure until the end of such fiscal Committee, Rogers said, the department had ministration's spending plan changes from year." recognized that congressionally approved day to day and !rom hour to hour," com­ In his ruling, Gesell admitted that the health spending was $1.1-billion more than plained Rep. Daniel J. Flood (D Pa.), chair­ meaning of this language was not "readily what HEW spent. It "is a little ludicrous, that man of the House Labor-HEW Appropria­ apparent on its face nor free from doubt," people who are supposed to receive health tions Subcommittee, on June 26. "It is like but decided that the legislative history of funds have to go to court to get the secre­ a railroad timetable." Section 601 mandated spending of the mental tary of HEW to carry out the laws that the But at the request of House Interstate and health funds, regardless of the President's Congress passed," Rogers complained. Foreign Commerce Committee Chairman Har­ general impoundment authority. SUPREJIIE COURT J'IGHT? ley 0. Staggers (D W.Va.), HEW June 20 sub­ Moreover, Gesell said, the President im­ mitted figures detailing HEW's impoundment pllctly recognized this requirement by stat­ Although the administration has decided of $1.1-billion Congress claims it appropriated ing in his veto message on the 1970 act that not to appeal several adverse rulings in im­ for health programs in fiscal 1973. Staggers Section 601 amounted to congressional in­ poundment suits, including the first decision termed the impoundments a "sad failure of sistence that funds "to carry out the pro­ in a Missouri highway fund case handed our government's commitment to serve its grams involved must be spent." Passage of down Aprll 2, Weinberger has pledged to ap­ people." On July 12, he asked HEW Secretary the act over the veto reaffirmed this intent, peal all Bl!W cases to the Supreme Court 1f Caspar W. Weinberger to submit a detailed Gesell ruled. necessary. (Highway case appeal, Weekly Be­ port p. 2284) justification for the impoundnients. (Pro­ ADMINISTRATION ARGUMENTS grams affected, box, next page) Weinberger dismissed adver!le decisions to In addition to the $1.1-billion withheld for Government attorneys arguing the HEW date as the rulings of lower courts without health programs, an HEW budget official told impoundment cases have preferred to ignore the force of a "definitive Supreme Court de­ Congressional Quarterly that $642-million the special anti-impoundment provisions and cision." He and Rogers clashed again Aug. 6 was impounded for education programs. An stress the administration's general justifica­ on the requirements of the lower court rul· additional $70-million was not spent for the tions for executive impoundment. Accord­ ings. Social Security program, he said, because the ing to Pennsylvania Deputy Attorney General Weinberger: ''You practiced law and you funds were not needed. James R. Adams, who argued the education know perfectly well that 1f you have an suit, government attorneys "effectively con­ adverse-" COURT S'OITS ceded that it (the education provision) was Rogers: "That I am bound by the conn Angered by the loss of funds required under not discretionary." order untll it is overturned, right?" the congressional interpretation of the reso­ Weinberger wrote Staggers in June that Weinberger: "But you certainly have every lution, states and groups representing recip­ the meaning of the special provisions "re­ right to appeal it and not to carry (it) out ients of HEW funds turned to the courts for mains unclear and most debatable." But re­ while it's under appeal.'' relief. Their arguments have centered not so acting to HEW's impoundment of $1.1-billlon Rogers: "That's not true." much on the general authority of the Presi­ for health programs, sen. Jacob K. Javits (R­ Weinberger: "Well, that is true.'' dent to impound funds, but on the require­ N.Y.) and 10 other Republican senators wrote Georgia Case. Because the impoundment ments of special congressional directives, Weinberger Aug. 2 to question his inter­ suits deal with funds appropriated before written into law, to spend funds appropriated pretation of the provisions. final passage of any general anti-impound­ for the programs. At Jan. 17 confirmation hearings by the ment bill, some Supreme Court test of the Some key cases were: Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee, President's impoundment authority, in the The National Council of Community Men­ the senators wrote, Weinberger said of the face of special congressional directives to tal Health Centers won a final injunction mandatory spending requirement for edu­ spend funds, 1s considered likely. Failure by Aug. 3 when Judge Gesell ordered HEW to cation programs:"... I know the mandatory Congress to override a probable veto of an award $52.1-milllon 1n mental health center clause requires the spending. That 1s my in­ impoundment blll could magnify the imme­ staffing grants. Gesell refused to delay the terpretation of it.'' diate importance of any Supreme Court order pending a likely appeal of the decision. Arguments over special provisions aside, decision. The National League for Nursing has filed a the government has relied on legal justifica­ Georgia, which has brought suit challeng­ suit aimed at the release of $21.7-m1llion in tions for impoundment outlined Feb. 6 by ing impoundment of highway, water pollu­ nurse training funds. On July 10, the group Deputy Attorney General Joseph T. Sneed tion and education funds, is seeking to have obtained a. preliminary injunction from before a joint hearing of two Senate com­ the Supreme Court hear its case directly Gesell requiring HEW to carry over the funds mittees. (Weekly Report p. 291) without lower court action. The Justice De­ until the case 1s settled. Sneed said the President had "an implied partment is believed sympathetic to the re­ Associations representing schools of optom­ constitutional right" to impound funds 1f quest because its current approach-fighting etry, pharmacy and podiatry obtained a spending would aggravate shaky economic impoundment cases all over the country-is similar injunction June 26 from a. federal dis­ conditions or require a tax increase. Laws re­ proving costly and time-consuming. trict judge in Washington, D.C. quiring the President to control the economy, IMPACT OF DELAY Funds totaling $13.7-milllon, or 50 per he said, include the Anti-Deficiency Act of The time required to mount even a suc­ cent of the congressionally required appro- 1905, the Full Employment Act of 1946, the cessful court challenge to HEW impound- • October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34745 ments is discouraging also to groups fighting John E. Fogarty Interna­ followed by a continued support of the the suits. They are fighting for the release of tional Center------­ 709, ooo public employment programs during funds they contend were needed last year Health manpower------297, 562, 000 1975. and are needed even more desperately now. Impoundment of $21.7-mUllon of the •Total ------1,095,431,000 $38.5-mUlion Congress maintained it appro­ • Does not equal the total of listed amounts priated for grants to nursing schools in 1973 UNITED STATES NEEDS THE because of omission of some unspent funds "BRICKER AMENDMENT" wm force nursing schools to open their doors and some spending in excess of amounts in­ in September without enough funds to keep cluded in the continuing resolution, as inter­ accepted students in school, according to nursing association representatives. preted by Congress. HON. BILL ARCHER OF TEXAS FISCAL 1873 HOLDING PATTERN In addition, according to an HEW internal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES memo made public Aug. 26, the department MANPOWER LEGISLATION Thursday, October 18, 1973 plans to continue to withhold health and education funds in fiscal1974, pending enact­ Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, the pro­ ment of an HEW appropriations bUl for fiscal posed constitutional amendment I in­ 1974. HON. MARVIN L. ESCH troduce today would better define the Until Sept. 30, fiscal 1974 HEW appropria­ OF MICHIGAN treatymaki.ng power of the United tions are covered by a new continuing reso­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States. lution which specified that programs were Thursday, October 18, 1973 This amendment has been known over to be funded under the congressionally ap­ the years the Bricker amendment, proved terms of the fiscal 1973 continuing as Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, today, I join named for Senator John Bricker who in­ resolution. The dispute over the fiscal 1973 with Chairman DoMINICK DANIELs of the resolution thus has been continued. (Fiscal troduced it in 1952. Unfortunately, the 1974 resolution, Weekly Report p. 1855.) Select Labor Subcommittee introducing proposed legislation failed to receive the The controversy could last even longer if comprehensive manpower reform legis­ two-thirds vote necessary to pass the Congress does not override an expected pres­ lation. I believe that this represents a Senate. The Bricker amendment was a idential veto of the fiscal 1974 bUl, which truly significant step in our current ef­ worthwhile idea then and it is especially passed the House June 26. The House-passed forts to reform our job training pro­ a worthwhile idea today. It is time we version exceeded the President's budget re­ grams. give serious consideration the content quests by $1.3-bUlion. Presidential Counselor to The chairman and other members of of this amendment. Melvin R. Laird has said he would recom­ the majority have worked long and hard mend a veto of a bUl with that funding level. The participation of the United States The Senate version of the legislation is ex­ to make this possible and I commend in World War II and the aftermath of pected to contain even higher funding. them for their actions. I also thank our that war extensively involved our coun­ (Weekly Report p. 2361.) ranking Republican member, Mr. QUIE, try in world affairs through treaties HEALTH IMPOUNDMENTS and Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin for their which required the advice and consent Documents submitted to the House Inter­ efforts. of the Senate and executive agreements, state and Foreign Commerce Committee It should be emphasized that our international agreements made by the June 20 by the Department of Health, Edu­ agreement today was to disagree. In both President without the advice and con­ cation and Welfare and released by the com­ bills there is language which specifically sent of the Senate. These international mittee July 25 listed the following amounts includes public employment programs to agreements have resulted in a whole unspent for major health programs in fiscal be utilized at the discretion of the local series of major foreign commitments for 1973: prime sponsors. In both bills there is a Mental Health ______the United States. $199,209,000 special public employment program. Title Article VI, section 2, of the Constitu­ Health Services Planning and II is targeted into the areas of prime Development: tion declares that the Constitution, laws unemployment and, more importantly, made in pursuance of the Constitution, Research and develop- targeted to the individuals who are in ment ------13,001,000 and all treaties made under the author­ Comprehensive health most need of job training and employ­ ity of the United States are considered planning ------­ 6,886,000 ment. the supreme law of the land. The courts Regional medical pro- The specific disagreement is this: have declared that Presidential power in granos ------89,900,000 Should we mandate from an authorized the domestic field is limited by the Con­ Hill-Burton hospital con- committee or is this the responsibility of stitution but this limitation does not ap­ struction ------­ 195,254,000 the Appropriations Committee. We would Health Services Delivery: ply to the matter of foreign affairs. be remiss if we did not give credit where Treaties are not made under the author­ Comprehensive health credit is due; that is, to the coopera­ services ------­ 5,283,000 ity of the Constitution but "under the Maternal and chUd health_ 12,697,000 tive efforts not only of the interested authority of the United States." Treaties Family planning ______32,442,000 parties involved but also the Office of and executive agreements stand outside Preventive Health Services __ 15,982,000 Management and Budget and those in the limits of the Constitution. National Institutes of Health: the administration who have worked This "loophole" in the Constitution has National Cancer Institute_ 58,859,000 diligently toward a compromise position. never become a serious problem until re­ National Heart and Lung The specific offer to request $250 mil­ cent years. However, with a large num­ Institute ------­ 44,217,000 lion for the remainder of fiscal year 1974 National Institute of Den- ber of proposed interational treaties was a most significant contribution by tal Research ------­ 6, 112,000 which could affect the basic rights of National Institute of Ar­ the White House. It is imperative that American citizens like the genocide con­ thritis, Metabolism and we move forward on this legislati-on to vention, it has become necessary to make Digestive Diseases ______24,043,000 utilize the $250 million this year. sure that treaties are not brought into National Institute of Neu­ The majority believes that they must effect which could adversely affect the rological Diseases and mandate in the legislation specific rights and procedural guarantees of Stroke ------­ 22,741,000 amount for fiscal year 1975. The minor­ American citizens protected by the U.S. National Institute of Al- ity view is that that is the responsibility Constitution. According to article VI, lergy and Infectious Dis- and the prerogative of the Appropriations section 2, treaties may be held valid even eases ------10,392,000 Committee. It is unreasonable to suggest though they might achieve a result National Institute of Gen- that the White House can at this time eral Medical Sciences __ _ which would be unconstitutional if con­ 28,966,000 concur with a specific dollar amount National Institute of ChUd tained in other legislation. A treaty has prior to the preparation of the fiscal year never been declared unconstitutional by Health and Human De­ 1975 budget. What they have emphasized, velopment ------19,033,000 the U.S. Supreme Court. A treaty could National Eye Institute ___ _ 4,120,000 I believe, is their good faith 1n recogniz- grant extensive new authority to the National Institute of En­ ing the value of public employment pro­ Federal Government or some interna­ vironmental Health Sci- grams and in the immediate allocation tional agency. We need to close this ences ------4,736,000 of $250 million for this fiscal year. It is "loophole.'' Research Resources ______2,155,000 obvious that this good faith act will be We have seen the expanding role of 34746 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 • the President in foreign affairs and the tions imposed on treaties, or the making of ACCOLADES FOR "THE STAR­ treaties, by this article. SPANGLED HUSTLE" erosion of the power of Congress in this "SEC. 5. The Congress shall have power to field. The conflicts in Korea and Indo­ enforce this article by appropriate legislation. china merely emphasize this develop­ "SEc. 6. This article shall be inoperative HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS ment. unless it shall have been ratified as an OF CALIFORNIA This Congress has been concerned amendment to the Constitution by the leg­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with a war powers bill which would re­ islatures of three-fourths of the several store to Congress the power to join the States within seven years from the date of its Thursday, October 18, 1973 President in deciding whether to com­ subinission." Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, last year mit the Nation to a long term war by I was delighted to be able to contribut~ limiting the time a President could com­ CONFIRMATION OF THE VICE the foreword to an important new book mit U.S. troops in an undeclared war PRESIDENT "The Star-Spangled Hustle," writtex{ without congressional authorization. by Arthur Blaustein and Geoffrey Faux The proper time to assert congres­ tand dealing with the relationship be~ sional control is before a commitment tween the Nixon administration and the is made in a treaty or executive agree­ HON. JOHN J. RHODES minority business community. ment, not after U.S. troops are com­ OF ARIZONA Since its release, the book has re­ mitted under some international agree­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ceived numerous accolades from lead­ ment. We need to prevent the problem Thursday, October 18, 1973 ers throughout the Nation and at this rather than merely reacting to it. This time, I would like to place a n~ber of amendment I propose would also discour­ Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, because these comments in the RECORD: age a president from entering into an the 25th amendment provides that the House, as well as the Senate, will confirm ACCOLADES FOR "THE STAR-SPANGLED HUSTLE" executive agreement because approval of Edward M. Kennedy, United States Sen­ a treaty on a controversial matter ap­ a nominee for Vice President, the House ate: "In a first rate book that mixes the re­ peared doubtful. finds itself with an unaccustomed task search of acadeinic scholars and the plain This amendment would prevent a to perform. To the Senate, this is old hat. writing of old-time reporters Arthur Blau­ treaty or other international agreement They have confirmed appointments ever stein and Geoffrey Faux have taken a sharply from abridging our constitutional rights since the founding of the Republic. The critical look at the Nixon Administration's and no treaty could become effective as House does not even have an established policies toward the disadvantaged-policies internal law but only through appropri­ procedure for this job. that comprise 'The Star-Spangled Hustle' for It is my hope that the Committee on poor Americans. This is a book that should ate legislation adopted by the Congress. be read by all who are concerned with This amendment would also protect the Rules will provide a procedure to insure America's pressing social issues." rights of United States citizens and limit that a resolution on the confirmation Senator George S. McGovern: "The Star­ the overwhelming potential power of of a designee, filed by the Committee on Spangled Hustle is a hard hitting and fas­ treaties and executive agreements. the Judiciary, will be brought expendi­ cinating book. It reveals how the Nixon Ad­ We must deal with closing this "loop­ tiously to the floor of the House and that ministration has been fooling the American hole'1 now. This amendment would not a roll call vote will be made mandatory. public for four years. Blaustein and Faux This is certainly a matter of great im­ have done a fine service to those who are only protect our constitutional rights but genuinely concerned with this country's would give the Congress a more respon­ portance, and each Member should cast major domestic problems." · sible and more effective role in foreign his vote on the record, with no delay. Representative Shirley Chisholm: "There affairs. It is my hope that the Committee on may be debate in some quarters about the The amendment follows: the Judiciary will conduct an adequate real purpose of the highly touted "Black inquiry into the qualifications of the Capitalism" drive by the Nixon Adininistra­ TEXT OF THE "BRICKER AMENDMENT" designee. The American people need tc. tion, but there can be little discussion about JOINT RESOLUTION have confidence that the new Vice Pres­ the results. In The Star Spangled Hustle, Proposing an amendment to the Constitu­ ident is completely qualified in every way Arthur Blaustein and Geoffrey Faux have pro­ tion of the United States relative to force duced a highly readable critical analysis of and effect of treaties. to hold that office, and, if necessary, to the sort of thinking which first conceived Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep­ hold the office of the President. of the Adininlstration's programs for Ininor­ resentatives of the United States of America I~ is also my hope that the temptation, ity enterprise, and the often cynical exploita­ in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each which I am sure exists, to try to obtain tion of people's dreainS. Society needs to House concurring therein). That the follow­ some partisan advantage will be fore­ know about the desperation of a people al­ in g article is proposed as an amendment to sworn. This is not a matter for partisan lowed to hope-for a moment, only to see the Constitution of the United States, which politics. There is a constitutional crisis, those hopes disappear even more rapidly than shall be valid to all intents and purposes as and the people of the country expect it the small businesses they had mortgaged a part of the Constitution only if ratified by their lives for. the legislatures of three-fourths of the sev­ to be resolved expeditiously. I feel cer­ "The figures and the facts are there, but eral StRtes within seven years from the date tain that the people would be angered Blaustein and Faux have not forgotten about of its submission by the Congress. with the Congress if undue delay were to the "people" who are the victims of the cause this constitutional crisis to exist "ARTICLE - "Hustle," and they have let us know, in their longer than absolutely necessary. compelling book, also who the "Hustlers" and "SECTION 1. A provision of a treaty which I am particularly certain that were the their leaders are. denies or abridges any right enumerated in confirmation of the Vice-President-des­ "There were many of us who wondered this Constitution shall not be of any force ignate to be held hostage for some peri­ why so many of the Government's plans to or effect. · pheral reason, such as production of the help develop healthy econoinic growth in mi­ "SEc. 2 . No treaty shall authorize or permit Watergate tapes, the people of our coun­ nority communities were so poorly planned, any foreign power or any international or­ and so tragically underfinanced, so lacking ganization to supervise, control, or adjudi­ try would be particularly incensed. They in potential that the outcome was entirely cate rights of citizens of the United States should be. The matter of the tapes is in predictable. Who among us was willing, at within the United States enumerated in this the courts, where it belongs. I am sure first, to believe that the tragic failures were a price that the Administration in collusion Const itution or any other matter essentially the good sense of the majority of the Democratic Members will prevail, and with big business was willing to pay, "be­ within the domestic jurisdiction of the United cause the corporations were interested in States. that nothing as reprehensible as this type image not performance." "SEc. 3. A treaty shall become effective as of blackmail will be attempted. To pro­ "The Star-Spangled Hustle has shredded int ernal law in the United States only long our constitutional crisis for such an the veil of benevolent concern with which through the enactment of appropriate legis­ unworthy purpose would be an act of these programs have been surrounded Mr lation by the Congress. irresponsibility unworthy of the great Blaustein and Mr. Faux point out that th~ "SEc. 4. All executive or other agreements, Democratic Party and its fine Members total amount of the loans made to minority between the President or any international businesses by the Federal Government in organization, foreign power, or official thereof serving in the Congress of the United 1971, for example, was less than that which shall be made only in the manner and to States. the same Federal Government guaranteed the extent to be prescribed by law. Such We have a job to do. Let us do it well­ one white-owned firm-the Lockheed Aircraft agreements shall be subject to the limita- and expeditiously. Corporation-to save it from bankruptcy. October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34747 "This great nation and its incredible tech­ Therefore, it should be compelling to those The following day, the San Jose Bees (K.C. nology brought us from horse-and-buggy who are concerned with political science, eco­ Royal Farm team) honored Joe and his days to a walk-on-the-moon within the space nomics, sociology, history, business adminis­ entire Executive Board with a plaque pre­ of less than three-fourths of a century surely tration and community planning." sented at home plate before the game. we possess the talent and the knowledge to solve the problems faced by Black people, Spanish-speaking people, women and others who want to become part of the system of CALIFORNIA LITTLE LEAGUE SUP­ Democratic capitalism. We must not tolerate AffiLINES OVERSELL TICKETS any further tampering with the aspirations PORTER RETIRES of these people. "Arthur Blaustein and Jeff Faux have pro­ HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER HON. THOMAS L. ASHLEY duced an outstanding investigative report OF OHIO which will prove not only an accurate guide OF CALIFORNIA to clinical observers and potential victims IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of this Administration version of the old Thursday, October 18, 1973 Thursday, October 18, 1973 "shell-game," but a starting point for the future planning-needed to avoid recurrence Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, as an en­ Mr. AS!llJEY. Mr. Speaker, on October of this nightmare. thusiastic supporter of Little League, it 9 my secretary telephoned the American "John Kennedy once said, "A journey of a is with regret that I take note of the re­ Airlines ticket office and received a con­ thousand miles must begin with one step." I tirement of Mr. Joseph Kuczler, who has firmed reservation for October 11 on their believe that The Star-Spangled Hustle will dedicated over 20 years of hard work to fiight 377 to Chicago, first class. The help society take that first step." ticket was subsequently issued and Reverend Jesse L. Jackson, President, Peo­ Little League baseball. I am honored to ple United to Save Humanity, Operation have several Little League teams in my picked up and I arrived at the American P.U.S.H.: "Many of the books now written congressional district under Mr. Kucz­ Airlines check-in counter at the airport by literary "hustlers" contribute to pollu­ ler's leadership, and am proud of the rec­ some 15 minutes prior to scheduled tion, this book, if re-ad, understood and action ognition which he has brought to the departure. ensues, is part of the solution. west coast. I applaud Mr. Kuczler's fine There I was told that my reserved seat "The scholarship as reflected in the re­ efforts, and recognize what his dedica­ was not available because the flight had search and clarity by Blaustein and Faux is been oversold. I was further told that a major contribution to contemporary, po­ tion in carrying out the principles of litical analysis." Little League has meant to our youth. this was a common practice which the Congressman Louis Stokes ( Cha.lrman, Some comments about Joe's back­ airline engaged in to offset customers Black Caucus): "The Star Spangled Hustle ground follow: who might not show up after booking a shows how the promise of black capitalism BIOGRAPHY reservation. The American Airlines em­ grew dim and finally disappeared under the Joseph Kuczler was born on April 22, 1920, ployee acknowledged that when all pas­ Nixon Administration. It carefully proves in Wallsenburg, Colorado. His family moved sengers with confirmed reservations in that the concerns of this Administration­ to McKeesport, Pennsylvania, where they re­ fact do show up, their policy is one of for minority poor and disadvant&ged Ameri­ sided until 1943 before coming to California. first come, first served. cans-went no further than former Attorney Joe first became involved in Little League What this means, of course, is that a General John Mitchell's statement, "As far in 1952 as a Coach at Sunnyvale Southern as we're concerned, blacks don't exist." It is confirmed reservation, whether first or this attitude that black and poor citizens will Little League and later became a Manager second class, does not mean a thing as have to combat in the fight for economic and League President. By 1958 he had risen far as American Airlines is concerned. It equality. Blaustein and Fla.ux have written an to Assistant District Administrator and the following year became Administrator of Cali­ means, to cite my own example, that important book." when 20 "confirmed" first-class pas­ Ernesto Cortez, Jr., Mexican-American fornia District No. 44 which encompasses Campbell, Cupertino, Santa Clara, Sunny­ sengers show up for a fiight that can ac­ Unity Council: "The Star Spangled Hustle is 18 an important and thoughtful book that vale and West San Jose, providing recreation commodate only such passengers, then should be read by every Chicano leader." for approximately 7000 boys ranging in age none of the 18 have a confirmed reserva­ DeForest Brown, Executive Director, Na­ from 8 through 18. tion. They may get on or they may not. tional Congress for Community Economic De­ Joe is a true volunteer. He has received no It all depends on when they arrive. In velopment: "The Star Spangled Hustle is a salary whatsoever for his 20 years of serv­ my case, obviously, it meant that arriv­ highly readable and important book. Par­ ice to our youth. At his own expense he ing 15 minutes before flight time was too ticularly for elected officials and community has attended several Administrator seminars in Wlllia.msport, Pennsylvania, and has at­ late, and instead of me a person was leaders, i.e. those who are working with com­ seated who bought his ticket after the munity Action Agencies, Model Cities Pro­ tended the semi-annual Little League Con­ grams, Community Development Corpora­ gresses in Los Angeles, New York, Washing­ fiight was sold out. tions, co-ops and Legal Services Progm.ms­ ton, Detroit, Houston, Portland and Tampa. The customer's recourse in this kind of a.cross the nation. The practical problems and Four of Joe's teams from Congressional situation is interesting. If a person is solutions that the book deals with focus di­ District No. 10, represented by Congressman actually denied passage on a given fiight rectly on the problems of blacks, Chicanos, Charles S. Gubser, have competed in Little and the airline cannnot get him to his Indians, Puerto Ricans and white poor (rural League World Series play during the past 11 destination on another flight within 2 and urban ethnic) •.. and in a very practical years. Moreland LL won the world title in 1962; Briarwood LL became the 1969 National hours of the originally schedUled time, and real sense the subject matter is not very the airline has to pay "denied boarding far removed from the problems of mid-Amer­ Champion; Campbell LL was the 1970 runner­ ica." up and in 1971 his Big League team (16-18) compensation"-under title 14, CFR 250, Samuel S. Beard, President, the Develop­ won the World Championship. Civil Aeronautics Board of Regulations­ ment Council: "Blaustein and Faux have No other District in the United States can with a minimum of $25 and a maximum written and excellent and incisive book. It match this record. of $200. is by far the most thoughtful on one of This year, in recognition of Joe's admin­ When no other flights are available America's most vital domestic issues. It is istrative abllity, the Western Regional Di­ and the purpose of the travel is to ar­ especially important that this book be read rector, AI Houghton, awarded the State rive at a destination by a specific time, by the leaders of corporate America-bank­ Championship Tournament to his District-­ ers, businessmen and other corporate execu­ the first time ever to be held outside South­ then the only recourse of the consumer tives who have spoken so often about the ern California. is to abandon the trip entirely and :ftle private sector having the capacity, the will Recently Joe was honored by the Santa for a refund. and the "social conscience" to deal with the Clara Valley Sportswriters and Broadcasters Obviously this customer-be-damned problems of race and poverty." Association for his contribution to Little attitude and practice on the part of Robert Browne, Director, Black Economic League Baseball. American Airlines and other carriers 1s Research Center: "A hard hitting and effec­ Friday, August 10, a Joe Kuczler Testi­ condoned with an understanding wink tive book on a subject of vital importance to monial Dinner was held by the District No. from the CAB. I can only conclude, Mr. the black community and indeed to all of 44 Executive Board at which time State As­ America. The authors have amassed a wealth semblyman Richard Hayden presented Joe Speaker, that if this is the extent of the of informative detail and woven them into a with a commendation; Santa Clara Mayor responsibility that air carriers and their highly readable narrative that tells the black Gary Glllman gave a plaque and commen­ regulatory agency feel the traveling capitalism story as it is!! What is most dis­ dation and Chairman Ralph Mehrkens of the public is entitled to, then it is the obli­ tinguishing about the Star Spangled Hustle Santa Clara Board of Supervisors presented gation of Congress to propose and adopt is that in a very direct and cogent manner a Resolution concerning Joe's untiring ef­ specific legislation. This I will offer it interrelates various fields and d1scipllnes. forts in behalf of the youth of this area. shortly. 34748 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 FEDERAL ENERGY REGULATION The White House Fact Sheet accompany­ A BILL REQumiNG FEDERAL COM­ ing the President's Statement further stated: PREHENSIVE SCHOOLBUS SAFETY STUDY "A Wide variety of interests and objectives are involved, including economic, public REGULATIONS INTRODUCED health and safety, environment, and ade­ HON. CHET HOLIFIELD quacy and conservation of energy (demand). OF CALD'ORNIA The interface With state and local regulatory HON. LES ASPIN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES activities Will also be considered and oppor­ OF WISCONSIN tunity for Congressional and public partici­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, October 18, 1973 pation in the study will be provided." Mr. HOLIFIELD. Mr. Speaker, for sev­ Mr. Daub, a Commissioner of the Atomic Thursday, October 18, 1973 Energy Commission, was asked to head the eral decades the Federal Government's study, which is focused on ways in which Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, 100 Members role in regulating all forms of energy Federal energy-related regulatory activities of the House have cosponsored a bill in­ has continued to grow. This role has might be improved. He emphasized that the troduced by the distinguished gentleman sometimes been expanded to achieve study w111 identify alternatives for improving from California Indianapolis Five Hundred for injuries if the bus had been properly built. in Newton, Massachusetts. Eventually all school bus drivers. It's not a race, of course, The results of this UCLA school bus test, and school buses may look like this. Newton just the opposite. The drivers are supposed its own studies of real accidents have caused school officials seem satisfied with the new, to show how skillfully they can pilot the the Safety Board to demand safer buses. safer buses, although some aren't sure how clumsy-looking buses through a complex ob­ In this test UCLA placed life-like dummies the safety seat backs will affect student stacle course. in a conventional school bus. Most were put behavior. The contractors say this event encourages in the low-backed seats commonly used to­ The Newton buses are leased from a pri­ the drivers to develop their sk1lls. Their as­ day. A number of improved safety seats also vate contractor. The safety features cost sociation does admit that driver training is were tested. Newton a total of one hundred nine dolla.rs a big problem. The federal government has (Crash.) more a day for the twenty-seven bus fleet. even ordered the states to come up with If these dummies were real children, many So far, it's been a popular investment. training programs for school bus drivers. At of them would not have survived. Almost five MAN. We recognize our responsiblllty to least a quarter of the states have ignored years after the UCLA test the federal govern­ take them from home to school and back to this federal order and many others have not ment proposed a safety standard on school home in a fashion that each pa-rent would complied fully. bus seats; another rule on body strength may want. be proposed soon. • • • • Doctor Charles Warner of the Highway MAN. What we looked to was what we were Traffic Safety Administration explained what receiving for the additional costs. The fact his office is trying to do: thBit the School Committee, in its judgment RESTRUCTURE OF NATION'S DOCTOR CHARLES WARNER: . . . I'm not could feel that they had provided the safest FOREIGN TRADE POLICY hBippy with it today. I think there needs to vehicle for children that they were respon­ be a substantial improvement in the form sible for. These young peopre are our most o! padding and anchorage and restraint o! expensive and most valuable commodity. HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL seats and children, and I mean to restrain KALBER. A lot of manufacturers o! school OF VIRGINIA children by improving seats and their an­ buses and school bus equipment apparently IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chorages. have decided that safety has become a sell­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 KAI.BER. Why do you want to revise the ing point. At this trade show in Chicago a seats, first? new safety bus and a safety seat conversion Mr. BROYHll.aL of Virginia. Mr. WARNER. Well, there are several things kit got a lot of attention. Speaker, as a member of the Ways and that are wrong with the seats. I think if you DEMONSTRATOR .... along the outside and Means Committee which recently re­ were to imagine yoursel! sitting in a school the inside of the bus.. . ported out a bill to restructure this Na­ bus seat, as you probably remember it, there's MAN. We have taken the old seat and have tion's foreign trade policy, I am very CXIX--2190-Part 27 34750 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 much concerned by the actions of the e1fort, and I certainly do, that we should ing such goups are scheduled to appear Soviet Union in the war in the Middle write to Mr. Norman Halliday, the As­ at the Chicago meeting. East. I am particularly concerned by the sistant Postmaster General, urging that The Communist Party, U.S.A., is pro­ e1fect that Russia's actions are having the stamp be issued for the Vietnam vet­ viding the apparatus to organize this on this Nation's trade, our economy and, erans. Letters of support should be mailed conference. The conference coordinator world peace. to the Postmaster General in care of the is Franklin Alexander, member of the The trade bill is very kind to the So­ Congressional Liaison Office, Govern­ National Council of the Communist Par­ viet Union--a little too kind to my waY mental Relations Department, 475 L'En­ ty. The eastern region coordinator for of thinking-in view of the part the fant Plaza, Washington, D.C. 20260. the conference is Tony Monteiro, a Com­ Communists are playing in this conflict. Mr. Speaker, I am happy to join my munist Party member who ran as a Com­ Last year our Nation made vast con­ colleagues in this e1fort today and direct munist candidate for Congress from cessions to Russia-at considerable cost my support for the Presidential procla­ Philadelphia in the 1972 election. The to our people-in an e1fort to establish mation and the stamp to commemorate public announcement of the organiza­ detente between us. I believe the Ameri­ the Vietnam veterans. tion of the conference was made by Tom can people truly thought the Commu­ I will point out that there have been Curtis, an associate editor at the Com­ nists wanted to bury the hatchet and such statements of honor and commemo­ munist Party publishing house, Inter­ bring peace to the world. rations for veterans of wars previous to national Publishers, and a teacher at a Mr. Speaker, it appears the American the Vietnam era veteran and I believe Communist Party school, the Harlem In­ people have been taken by the Com­ such tributes are in order for the vet­ stitute for Marxist Studies, in New York munists as a bunch of suckers. In my erans of the most recent Southeast Asian City. book there are two ways to play this war. Among the speakers scheduled at this game. One is for this Nation to immedi­ conference are Thami Mhlambiso of the ately halt the shipment of all our farm African National Congress and Thea­ produce and goods to that country until THE COMMUNIST PARTY, U.S.A., Ben Guiriaias of the Southwest African such time as the Russian Government PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE, AND Peoples Organization. Both of these men ceases to fan the fires of war in the WARS OF NATIONAL LIDERATION are in the United States representing Mideast by stopping the shipment of their organizations at the United Na­ war supplies to the Arab world. tions. Both organizations-ANC and I, as one Member of Congress, am HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK OF OHIO SWAPO-are presently involved in guer­ ready to take this action today. rilla warfare and terrorism and have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their publications printed for them by Thursday, October 18, 1973 the Communist governinent of East Germany. VETERANS DAY Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, as far as the average, trusting American citizen Other speakers at the Chicago confer­ is concerned, I would venture to say that ence are Henry Winston, chairman of the HON. JOHN D. DINGELL his interpretation of the doctrine of Communist Party, U.S.A., and Angela OF liiiiCffiGAN "peaceful coexistence" as it applies to Davis, another Communist Party func­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our relations with the Soviet Union is tionary. The sponsors of the Chicago confer­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 synonmous with the spirit of "live and let live." Unfortunately, the Soviet in­ ence include a number of identified Com­ Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, the United terpretation is quite different. Here is munist Party members. These include States will honor the American veteran a definition of peaceful coexistence as it Carl Bloice, Angela Davis, Jesse Gray, and service men and women of the appears in the Soviet publication, Philo­ Esther Jackson, Charlene Mitchell, Wil­ Armed Forces October 22, 1973-4 days sophical Encyclopedia: liam L. Patterson, John Pittman, Carlos hence-on the first occasion in many Peaceful coexistence is a specific form of Russell, Jose Stevens, Victoria Stevens, years of a Veterans Day observance that class struggle between socialism and capital­ Jarvis Tyner, and Henry Winston. A part finds U.S. troops not committed to battle. ism in the international arena . . . The po­ iallist of sponsors follows: However, the international ramifications licy of peaceful coexistence which is car­ LIST OF SPONSORS of the current Mideast crisis are most ried out by socialist countries represents a powerful factor hastening the global revolu­ Rev. Ralph Abernathy-National President. concerning. tionary process . . . SCLC. It is my privilege at this time to have Rev. Forest Adams-Tucker Baptist Church this opportunity to honor Americans and The Soviet definition then goes on to Syracuse, New York. their comrades who have fallen in the say that- Afro-American Hlstory and Cultural So- line of duty in previous U.S. military Peaceful coexistence does not exclude rev- ciety, Inc. confrontations and full-scale wars. The oluttons in the form of armed uprisings and Lerone Bennett--senior Editor, Ebony. just national liberation wars against 1m- Black American Law Students Association, American service men and women de­ Depauw University Chapter. serve the thanks of this country for their periallst oppresson which takes place within Black Women and Men-Los Angeles, Call- dedicated e1forts to preserve the country, the framework of the captallst system. fornia. the peace, and the freedom. The use of "revolutions in the form of Carl Bloice-Editor, Peoples World. I think it is indeed appropriate that armed uprisings" as a factor of the Walter Boags-Kentucky Political Prison- the Congress urge the White House to peaceful coexistence doctrine must come ers Committee. issue a proclamation designating the as a surprise to those Americans who Edward Bragg-New York Black Trade Un- ionists. month of March 1974 to honor the Viet­ view the term in its literal sense. Professor Dennis Brutus-Northwestern nam veteran. The Communist Party, U.S.A., has University, Sec., Int'l Campaign Against Ra.­ In this instance, I am referring to the been very careful in recent years to deny cism in Sports, President, South African letter I received from our colleagues, COn­ that tt advocates the overthrow of the Non-Racial Olympic Committee. gressmen THAD DULSKI, H. R. GROSS, and Government by force and violence or Professor George Bunch-Afro-American BILL ScHERLE. These gentlemen, in their that it supports violent revolutionaries Studies, Syracuse, New York. October 10, 1973, letter noted: and terrorists in other countries. we Haywood Burns-Executive Director. Na- Next March will mark the anniversary of have long known, of course, that these tional Conference of Black Lawyers. the last soldier's departure from Vietnam. public pronouncements of the Commu- Margaret Burroughs-Founder, DuSable These veterans served their country well and Museum, Chicago, Tillnois. honorably. ni:sts were a lie. New evidence of Com- Father Robert Chapman-Former Director munist support for violent revolution, of social Justice National council of Church­ In their letter, these three Members of guerrilla warfare, and terrorism has just es. the House of Representatives suggested become available. This weekend in Chi­ Rev. Ben Chavis-Com.mtsslon of Racial "that a stamp be issued to commemorate cago, lll., a conference will take place Justice, United Church of Christ. their-the Vietnam veterans-contribu­ for "Solidarity With Africa." The pur­ Rev. Robert Clay-st. Paul A.M.E. Church. tion." pose of the conference is to organize Chicago, Tilinols. The Members informed me that 1f support for guerrilla warfare and terror­ Matt CraWford--Chairman, Berkeley Black other Congressmen wanted to join in this ist groups in Africa. Speakers represent- Caucus. October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34751 McKinley Dabney-Third World Students Scottie Ray-African American Solidarity, girls every success in this :first season's Union, University of Kentucky. Solidarity Committee, Chicago, lllinois. competition. Margot Dashiell-Ben-Berkeley Black Cau­ Professor Harold Rogers--Editor, African cus. Agenda. Angela Davis-Co-Chairperson, National Carlos Russell-Dean of the School of Con­ Alliance Against Racist and Political Repres­ temporary Studies, Brooklyn, New York. sion. Bill Scott-committeeman; Local #664, HELP FOR ELDERLY AMERICANS Mrs. Sallye Davis-Birm1ngham, Alabama. United Auto Workers, Tarrytown, New York. Rev. AI Dortch-8.CL.C., Los Angeles, Vermont McKinney-President, Los An­ California. geles Chapter National Association of Black HON. WILUAM D. FORD O'Dell Franklin-Becretary-Treasurer, Lo­ Social Workers. OF MICHIGAN cal No. 10 International Longshore and Midwest Coalition of Black Trade Union­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Warehousemen's Union. ists. Hoyt Fuller-Editor, Black World. Charlene Mitchell-Executive Secretary. Thursday, October 18, 1973 Emily Gibson-Los Angeles Sentinel, Col­ National Alliance Against Racist and Political Mr. wnLIAM D. FORD. Mr. Speaker, umnist. Repression. the cost of living has brought such an Jesse Gray-New York State Assemblyman. Professor Leith Mullings-Yale University, National Tenants Organization. Chairperson, Continuations Committee, lOth economic crunch that for some, daily Dick Gregory-chicago, IDinols. World Youth Festival. existence is a life or death matter. I am Odela Gr1ff1n-8outhern Committee to Free K. Shaba.zz-W. E. B. DuBois Community speaking now for our elderly Americans. All Political Prisoners. League, Memphis, Tennessee. There is no doubt that intlation has Irving Hamer-Urban League, Harlem Judi Simmons--Southern Conference Edu­ taken its toll on everyone's pocketbook, Street Academy. cational Fund. but those who struggle on limited, fixed Jack Hart--International Representative Mary Smith-Black Labor Leaders; Inde­ incomes have been particularly hard hit. of the United Electrical, Radio and Machine pendent Service Employees Union, Chicago, lllinois. President Nixon's September 10 state Workers of America. of the Union message proposed few bene­ Professor Freddye Hill-Northwestern Uni­ -Black Panther Party, Memphis, Tennes­ versity. see. fits for the elderly. Not only is there a Esther Jackson-Managing Editor, Free­ Ray Smith-Teamsters, Local #208, Los lack of initiative on the part of Mr. domways. Angeles, California. Nixon, but he has fought against more Hulbert James--President of the Board, Jose Stevens--Director, W. E. B. DuBois social security increases and has recom­ Pan-African Skills Program, New York. Community Center, New York, New York. mended even higher medicare payments. Minerva Johnican-Democratic Coalition, VIctoria Stevens-campus Director, Young This could cost senior citizens $1 bil­ Memphis, Tennessee. Workers Liberation League. Lola Taylor-Afro-American Exhibits, lion more for medicare next year. Professor Leon Johnson-Trenton State Combating these difficulties, Congress College. Memphis, Tennessee. Professor Charles Junior-Rennsaeler Poly­ Johnnie Tillman-Executive Director, Na­ has made some good strides for legisla­ technic Institute. tional Welfare Rights Organization. tion to serve the needs of the elderly. The William Lucy-secretary-Treasurer, Amer­ Edward Todd-Textile Workers Union of following areas of legislation are espe­ American, AFL-CIO. cially important: ican Federation of State, County and Munic­ Jarvis Tyner-National Chairman, Young ipal Workers. Workers Liberation League. Social security. To combat spiraling Rev. Wycltlf Jangda.rrie-Philadelphia, Rev. Cecil Williams--Glide Memorial inflation, Congress has passed legislation Pennsylvania. Church-Ban Francisco, California. which will allow recipients to receive a Malcolm X Student Government-chicago, Rev. Hosea W11liams-President. Atlanta 5.9 percent across-the-board increase, lllino1s. Branch, SCLC. beginning in June of 1974. Professor Bernard Magubane-University Agnes Willis-President, National Afro­ of Connecticut. Unfortunately, as you are well aware, American Labor Council, New York, New the cost of living continues to rise and to Kavin Mercodel-President, Harvard-Rad­ York. cliffe University Association of African and Clarence Willis-Memphis Committee to rise sharply. The price of food alone has Afro-American Studies. End Repression and Free All Political Pris­ taken over 27 percent of our budgets and Ronald McCantz-.-.Seafarers Local 777, Chi­ oners. has increased by 20 percent over last cago, Tilinois. Stan Wi111s-University of Chicago Organ­ year. An average $10 increase in monthly L. A. Dunigan-International Representa­ ization of Black Students. benefits does not suffice. tive of Textile Workers Union of America; Henry Winston-National Chairman, Com­ It is for these reasons that I have co­ Vice President, Black Labor Leaders, Chicago, munist Party, U.S.A. lllinois. sponsored legislation which will increase John Woodford-Reporter, Chicago Sun social security benefits to 7 percent. Curtis Ellis-owner, Ellis' Book Stores. Times. Carl Farris--Labor Director, SCLC. Benefits would also be paid in January For Members Only (Black Students Organi­ 1974, rather than in June. zation)-Northwestern University. ADAK IDGH SCHOOL Pension. I :firmly believe that we must George Murphy-Editor, Washington Afro­ seek a system which insures that a person American. Mellka A. Najiolar--Progressive Black will benefit from every pension contribu­ Youth, Memphis, Tennessee. tion made on his or her behalf. Because of HON. DON YOUNG this concern, I have introduced the Wil­ Dr. Lendor C. Nesbitt---chicago, Tilinois. OF ALASKA Prexy Nesbitt--African Information Serv­ liams-Javits pension protection bill in the ice, New York, New York. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES House of Representatives. My bill con­ Rozell Rufus Nesbitt. Thursday, October 18, 1973 tains a provision for portability-it per­ Juana Nkomo-Young Workers Liberation mits a working man or woman to retain League, Martin Luther King Branch. Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, it his or her pension protection insurance Organization of Black Students-Univer­ gives me great pleasure today to call to even though he or she changes jobs. sity of Chicago, Chicago, illinois. the attention of my colleagues a unique Nareshiamh Osei-United Defense Against Services. The comprehensive older Repression, Los Angeles, California. contribution to the world of sports from Americans services bill was signed into Frank Paige-Black Students Union, Uni­ the 'State of Alaska. law May 3, 1973. As a cosponsor of this versity of Kentucky. Adak High School, located at Adak in bill, I am pleased that I had a part in Lu Palmer-Editor, Black X-Press. the Aleutian Islands, is the westernmost establishing this necessary and impor­ William L. Patterson-Author, We Charge school in the world under the American tant legislation. Genocide. :flag. For the first time in its history, Adak Gwen Patton-Woods-Former Co-ordinator The measure contains many programs National Association of Black Students. High has a girls' varsity basketball team. for community activities and services. It Janis Payne-Black Panther Party, Mem­ This team will travel in February to the establishes an administration on aging phis, Tennessee. regional tournaments on the mainland, and a national information and resource Peoples Action Union-Los Angeles, Calif. with the hopes of advancing to the State center which will prepare information Peoples Voters League-Bhrevesport, Lou­ tournament. isiana. related to the needs of senior citizens. John Pittman-Editor, Daily World. I am very proud of the Adak High It provides for library services, useful Leo Rabouine-Black Caucus; Chairman, School and the fine contribution of Willie part-time work opportunities. and ex­ Citywide Brewery Workers, New York, New Theis, the girls' basketball coach. I am pands the foster grandparent and retired York. sure my colleagues join me in wishing the senior volunteer programs. There also 34752 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 1.8, 1973 will be a national older Americans volun­ served in battle or performed less hazard­ supported Dick from the start, so that it does ous, but equally important, duties else­ not provide any way for people who are "sec­ teer program for senior citizens who wish ond guessers" to make any claim on the Sen­ to serve their community. where. For each veteran answered duty's ator's particular interest. Nutrition. The national nutritional call according to the needs of history and We have also limited contributions to a program for the elderly, administered by in tune with individual conscience. One minimum of $100 a year and a maximum of the Administration on Aging, is designed of the most moving expressions of this $500. The reason for the minimum is that to provide older Americans, particularly individual sense of responsibility was anybody who is not in position to come in with low incomes, with low cost, nutri­ made by George Washington during the for at least that amount Without feeling it, first year of his Presidency when he should be left to contribute only to regular tionally sound meals. party activities and campaigns when they Michigan has just recently received addressed the Legislature of the State of come around. The reason for the maximum $3,518,273 for this program. The program Connecticut in these words: was so that it can never be charged that will provide hot meals at least 5 days a I have obeyed a summons to which I can anyone is contributing so much as to think week for persons 60 years or older who never be insensible . . . When my country he is entitled to special favors. do not wish to prepare and eat a meal demands the sacrifice, personal ease must The type of activities for which this money alone or who have difficulties with trans­ always be a secondary consideration. would be used would be such as the fol· lowing: potration to grocery stores or are unable Yes, Mr. Speaker, Veterans Day is a Transportation and hotel expenses to cover to prepare nourishing meals for them­ day for remembrance, gratitude, hope, trips by the Senator to California more fre­ selves. and prayer. The freedom and liberty quently than his mileage allowance permits. Another piece of legislation, of special which are our heritage today have been Payment of air-mail and long-distance interest to the elderly, is the portion of preserved only through the sacrifices of phone charges above his allowances, and the the Agriculture and Consumer Protec­ our veterans. payment of long-distance charges whlle here tion Act of 1973 which allows persons age Let us make Veterans Day, 1973, there­ in California. 60 and over and their spouses to use Preparation of material for the Senator to fore, a time when we pay respect to these send out to the people over the State who food stamps to purchase meals prepared bravest of men and women-and a time have supported him, so as to keep in touch by public or private nonprofit eating es­ when we pledge ourselves to continue to with them and let them know what he is tablishments which regularly serve the work for a world in which peace, free­ doing and why, and obtain their views. elderly at designated times. dom, dignity, mutual understanding, all Defraying the expenses of his Christmas Even though Congress has enacted the that they fought for, become part and cards to the people who worked in his cam­ above measures, there is much more to paign or contributed financially to it. Much be acted upon. parcel of the normal life of men and to our surprise, we find that this group num­ nations everywhere. bers 20,000. Health is one major area of concern. Paying for getting out material for radio The average elderly American now pays broadcasts and television programs, and for more out of his own pocket for medical advertising and publicity in connection with treatment than he did before the medi­ CAMPAIGN FINANCING them. care program was inaugurated in 1966. There are of course variom~ other simllar There are proposals to establish new items involved. programs of health care for aged persons HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN As I was Finance Chairman for Dick dur­ ing his campaign, he and Bernie asked me to at a cost related to income. However, the OF RHODE ISLAND look after this fund, so I am handling it administration is sadly uncooperative. It IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through a trust account subject to review by is indeed distressing that President Nixon Thursday, October 18, 1973 Bernie and a couple of other stalwarts of vetoed the Emergency Medical Services Dick's campaign. Nobody is drawing any Act which would have provided $185 mil­ Mr. TIERNAN. Mr. Speaker, in this salary or other compensation out of this, so lion over 3 years toward saving the lives time of uncertainty regarding the Presi­ you can count on it that the money will be of at least 175,000 men and women who dency and the Vice Presidency and the effectively used where it will do all of us, in­ die each year for lack of adequate med­ question of political campaign financing cluding Dick, the most good. As you helped Dick very substantially dur­ ical services. I include two articles from the October 3, ing the campaign, I am writing you about it Housing and property tax relief are 1952, issue of U.S. News & World Report with a two-fold purpose: other important areas of concern. There in the RECORD at this point: 1st: So that when you see or hear of money are proposals to provide special allow­ LETTER OF DANA C. SMITH ExPLAINING THE being spent on Dick's behalf you will know ances for the housing costs of senior citi­ PuRPOSES OF THE NDrON FuND how it has been raised and that there isn't zens and to allow certain property tax (Following is the letter written by Dana C. anybody who is thereby acquiring any kind deductions for the elderly. Smith to Arthur Crites on Sept. 25, 1951, ex­ of a hold on our Senator. Mr. Speaker, I urge that social security plaining the nature and purposes of the 2nd: So that if you agree with the useful­ Nixon fund.) ness of such a program, both to the Senator benefits be increased to a minimum of 7 and all of the rest of us including yourself, percent and that Congress proceed quick­ Mr. ARTHUR CRITES, and want to come in with us on it, you will ly with enacting further legislation to 1001 Oleander Avenue, know about it and have the opportunity to combat the difficulties faced in the areas Bakersfield, Calif. do so. Re: Senator Nixon's activities. Within the limits of the contribution sizes of health, housing and tax relief. DEAR MR. CRITES: Bernie Brennan sug­ The desperate needs for our elderly above indicated, we '\"'OUld be delighted to gested that you wlll be interested in knowing have you join with us in this program, and Americans can no longer wait. about a program which we have set up to Dick will of course be very appreciative of make Senator Nixon's work more effecrive, your continuing interest. We do not, however, and that you might perhaps be interested in want to conflict with other needed candidate participating in it with us. A group of us and party contributions, so if you do join us, VETERANS DAY-1973 here, after the dust of battle had settled and it should not be with the thought that this we found that Dick was safely elected, began will affect what you might otherwise con­ to realize that electing him was only part of tribute other places where needed. Your what we really wanted to accomplish. We not check should be drawn t o me and will be HON. ROBERT P. HANRAHAN only wanted a good man in the Senate from deposit ed in my trust account for this fund, OF ILLINOIS this State, but we wanted him to continue to which is subject to periodic audit. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sell effectively to the people of California the economic and political systems which we Very sincerely yours, Thursday, October 18, 1973 all belteve ln. DANA C. SMITH Mr. HANRAHAN. Mr. Speaker, Veter­ It was immediately apparent to us that this would take money and that Dick him­ RADIO ADDRESS OF SENATOR NIXON EXPLAINING ans Day is once again with us, and it is self was not 1n position financially to provide HIS U S E OF THE EXPENSE FUND only fitting that a grateful Nation pause it. We have therefore set up a. pool, to which (Following is the text of the radio and tele­ to honor those who have answered the a considerable number of us here are con­ vision address of Senator Nixon from Los tributing on an annual basis, to meet ex­ call of their country in its time of great­ penditures which seem necessary to accom­ Angeles on Sept. 23, 1952.) est need. We earnestly pay our respect to plish this object. We have aimed at a total of My fellow Americans: I come before you the millions of brave men and women $20,000 or $25,000 and have succeeded in rais­ tonight as a candidate for the Vice Presi­ who served America all over the world. ing a large proportion of it here. We have dency and as a man whose honesty and in­ And we honor them all, whether they only included in our group people who have tegrity has been questioned. October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34753 Now, the usual political thing to do when his GI policy-items of that type, for ex­ And let me say I am proud of the fact that charges are made against you is to either ample. But there are other expenses which not one of them has ever asked me for a spe­ ignore them or to deny them without giving are not covered by the Government. And I cial favor. I am proud of the fact that not details. I believe we have had enough of that think I can best discuss those expenses by one cJf them has ever asked me to vote on a in the United States, particularly with the asking you some questions. bill other than my own conscience would dic­ present Administration in Washington, D.C. Do you think that when I or any other tate. And I am proud of the fact that the To me the office of the Vice Presidency of Senator makes a political speech, has it taxpayers by subterfuge or otherwise have the United States is a great office, and I feel printed, should charge the printing of that never paid one dime for expenses which I that the people have got to have confidence speech and the mailing of that speech to the thought were political and should not be in the integrity of the men who run for taxpayers? charged to the taxpayers. that office and who might attain them. Do you think, for example, when I or any Let me say, incidentally, that some of I have a theory, too, that the best and other Senator makes a trip to his home State you may say, "Well, that is all right Senator, only answer to a smear or to an honest mis­ to make a purely political speech that the that is your explanation, but have you got understanding of the facts is to tell the truth. cost of that trip should be charged to the any proof?" And I would like to tell you this And that is why I am here tonight. I want to taxpayers? evening that just an hour ago we received tell you my side of the case. Do you think when a Senator makes politi­ an independent audit of this entire fund. I I am sure that you have read the charge, cal broadcasts or political television broad­ suggested to Governor Sherman Adams, who and you have heard it, that I, Senator Nixon, casts, radio or television, that the expense is the chief of staff of the Eisenhower cam­ took $18,000 from a group of my supporters. of those broadcasts should be charged to the paign, that an independent audit and legal Now, was that wrong? And let me say that taxpayers? report be obtained, and I have that audit in it was wrong. I am saying it, incidentally, that I know what your answer is: It is the same my hand. it was wrong, not just illegal, because it isn't answer that audiences give me whenever I It is an audit made by Price Waterhouse a question of whether it was legal or illegal, discuss this particular problem. & Co. firm, and the legal opinion by Gib­ that isn't enough. The question is, was it The answer is no. The taxpayers should son, Dunn & Crutcher, lawyers in Los Angeles, morally wrong. I say that it was morally not be required to finance items which are the biggest law firm, and incidentally one of wrong-if any of that $18,000 went to Senator not official business but which are primarily the best ones in Los Angeles. Nixon, for my personal use. I say that it was political business. I am proud to report to you tonight that morally wrong if it was secretly given and Well, then the question arises, you say, this audit and this legal opinion is being for­ secretly handled. "Well, how do you pay for these and how warded to General Eisenhower, and I would And I say that it was morally wrong if any can you do it legally?" And there are several like to read to you the opinion that was pre­ of the contributors got special favors for the ways that it can be done, incidentally, and pared by the certified publtc accountants. contributions that they made. it is done legally in the United States Senate "It is our conclusion that Senator Nixon And now to answer those questions let me and in the Congress. did not obtain any financial gain from the say this. not 1 cent of the $18,000 or any The first way is to be a rich man. I don't collection and disbursement of the funds by other money of that type ever went to me happen to be a rich man. So I couldn't use Dana Smith; that Senator Nixon did not for my personal use. Every penny of it was that. violate any federal or State law by reason used to pay for polttical expenses that I Another way that is used is to put your of the operation of the fund; and that did not think should be charged to the tax­ wife on the pay roll. Let me say, incidentally, neither the portion of the fund paid by Dana payers of the United States. that my opponent, my opposite number for Smith directly to third persons, nor the por­ It was not a secret fund. As a matter of the Vice Presidency of the Democratic ticket. tion paid to Senator Nixon, to reimburse him fact, when I was on "Meet the Press"- some does have his wife on his pay roll and has for office expenses, constituted income in a of you may have seen it, last Sunday-Peter had her on his pay roll for the past 10 years. sense which was either reportable or taxable Edson came up to me, after the program, and Now just let me say this: That is his busi­ as income under income tax laws. he said. "Dick, what about this fund we ness, and I am not critical of him for doing "(s) GmSON, DUNN AND CRUTCHER. hear about?" and I said, "Well, there is no that. You will have to pass judgment on that By ELMO H. CONLEY." secret about it. Go out and see Dana Smith, particular point, but I have never done thaJt who was the administrator of the fund," and for this reason: That is not Nixon speaking, but that is an I gave him his address. And I said you will I have found that there are so many de­ independent audit which was requested be­ find that the purpose of the fund simply was serving stenographers and secretaries in cause I want the American people to know to defray political expenses that I did not feel Washington that needed the work that I just all the facts and I am not afraid of having should be charged to the Government. didn't feel it was right to put my wife on independent people go in and check the And, third, let me point out, and I want the payroll-My wife sitting over here. facts, and that is exactly what they did. to make this particularly clear, that no con­ She is a wonderful stenographer. She used But then I realized that there are still tributor to this fund, no contributor to any to teach stenography and she used to teach some who may say, and rightly so--and let of my campaigns, has ever received any con­ shorthand in high school. That was when I me say that I recognize that some will con­ sideration that he would not have received as met her. And I can tell you folks that she tinue to smear, regardless of what the truth an ordinary constituent. has worked many houra nights and many may be--but that there has been under­ I just don't believe in that, and I can say hours on Saturdays and Sundays in my office, standably, some honest misunderstandings that never, while I have been in the Senate and she had done a fine job, and I am proud on this matter, and there are some that will of the United States, as far as the people to say tonight that in the six years I have say, "Well, maybe you were able, Senator, to that contributed to this fund are concerned, been in the House and in the Senate of the fake this thing. How can we believe what have I made a telephone call for them to an United States Pat Nixon has never been on you say-after all, is there a possibility that agency, nor have I gone down to an agency the Government pay roll. maybe you got some sums in cash? Is there in their behalf. What are other ways that these finances a possibility that you might have feathered And the records will show that, the records can be taken care of? Some who are lawyers, your own nest?" And so now wha~I am going which are in the hands of the Administra­ and I happen to be a lawyer, continue to to do--and, incidentally, this is unpreced­ tion. practice law, but I haven't been able to do ented in the history of the American pol1- Well, then, some of you will say, and that. tic&-I am going at this time to give to this rightly, "Well, what did you use the fund I am so far away from California and I television and radio audience a complete for, Senator? Why did you have to have it?" have been so busy with my senatorial work financial history, everything I have earned, Let me tell you in just a word how a Sen­ that I have not engaged in any legal practice everything I have spent, everything I own, ate office operates. First of all, the Senator and, also, as far as law practice is con­ and I want you to know the facts. gets $15,000 a year in salary. He gets enough cerned, it seemed to me that the relation­ I will have to start early. I was born in money to pay for one trip a year, a round ship between an attorney and the client was 1913. Our family was one of modest circum­ trip, that is, for himself and his family, be­ so personal that you couldn't possibly repre­ stances, and most of my early life was spent tween his home and Washington, D.C., and sent a man as an attorney and then have an in a store, out in East Whittier. It was a then he gets an allowance to handle the peo­ unbiased view when he presented his case grocery store, one of those family enterprises. ple that work in his office to handle his to you in the event that he had one before The only reason we were able to make it mail. the Government. go was because my Mother and Dad had five And the allowance for my State of Cali­ And so I felt that the best way to handle boys, and we all worked in the store. I fornia is enough to hire 13 people. And let these necessary political expenses of getting worked my way through college and, to a me say, incidentally, that this allowance 1s my message to the American people and the great extent, through law school. And then, not paid to the Senator. speeches I made--the speeches that I had in 1940, probably the best thing that ever printed for the most part concerned this one happen~d to me happened. I married Pat, It is paid directly to the individuals that message of exposing this Administration, the who is sitting over here. the Senator puts on his pay roll, but all of Communism in it, the corruption in it-the We had a rather difficult time, after we these people and all of these allowances are only way that I could do that was to accept were married, like so many of the young for strictly official business; business, for the aid which people in my home State of couples who might be listening to us. I prac­ example, when a constituent writes in and California, who contributed to my campaign ticed law. She continued to teach school. wants you to go down to the Veterans' Ad­ and who continued to make these contribu­ Then, in 1942, I went into the service. Let ministration and get some information about tions after I was elected, were glad to make. me say that my service record was not a 34754 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 particularly unusual one. I went to the I should say this, that Pat doesn't have a. and that is why I suggest that Mr. Steven­ South Pacific. I guess I'm entitled to a couple mink coat. But she does have a. respectable son and Mr. Sparkman, if they are under of battle stars. I got a couple of letters of Republican cloth coat, and I always tell her attack, that should be what they are doing. commendation. But I was just there ·when that she would look good in anything. Now, let me say this: I know that this iS the bombs were falling. And then I returned. One other thing I probably should tell you not the last of the smears. In spite of my I returned to the United States, and in 1946, because if I don't they will probably be say­ explanation tonight, other smears will be I ran for the Congress. When we came out ing this about me, too. We did get some­ made. Others have been made in the past. of the war, Pat and I-Pat during the war thing, a gift after the election. And the purpose of the smears, I know, is had worked as 1\ stenographer, and in a bank, A man down In Texas heard Pat on the this, to silence me, to make me let up. and as an economist for a Government radio mention the fact that our two young­ Well, they just don't know who they are agency-and when we came out, the total of sters, would like to have a dog, and, believe dealing with. I'm going to tell you this: I our savings, from both my law practice, her it or not, the day before we left on this remember, in the dark days of the Hiss trial, teaching, and all the time that I was in the campaign trip we got a message from Union some of the same columnists, some of the war, the total for that entire period was just Station in Baltimore, saying they had a. pack­ same radio commentators who are attacking a little less than $10,00~very cent of that, age for us. We went down to get it. You know me now and misrepresenting my position, incidentally, was in Government bonds-­ what it was? were violently opposing me at the time I was well, that's where we start, when I go into It was a little cocker spaniel dog, in a after Alger Hiss. But I continued to fight, politics. crate that he had sent all the way from because I knew I was right, and I can say to Now, whatever I earned since I went into Texas, black and white, spotted and our this great television and radio audience that politics-well, here it is. I jotted it down. little girl, Trlcia, the six-year-old, named it I have no apologies to the American people Let me read the notes. Checks. for my part in putting Alger Hiss where he is First of all I have had my salary as a And, you know, the kids, like all kids, loved today. And as far as this is concerned, I in­ Congressman and as a Senator. the dog, and I just want to say this, right tend to continue to fight. Second, I have received a total in this past now, that regardless of what they say about Why do I feel so deeply? Why do I feel that six years of $1,600 from estates which were it, we are going to keep it. in spite of the smears, the misunderstand­ in my law firm at the time that I severed my It isn't easy to come before a nation-wide ing, the necessity for a man to come up connection with it. And, incidentally, as I audience and bare your life, as I have done. here and bare his soul, as I have-why is it said before, I have not engaged in any legal But I want to say some things before I con­ necessary for me to continue this fight? And practice, and have not accepted any fees clude, that I think most of you will agree on. I want to tell you why. from business that came into the firm after I Mr. Mitchell, the Chairman of the Demo­ Because, you see, I love my country. And went into politics. cratic National Committee, made the state­ I think my country is in danger. And I think I have made an average of approxlma.tely ment that lf a man couldn't afford to be in the only man that can save America at $1,500 a year, from nonpolitical speaking en­ the United States Senate, he shouldn't run this time is the man that's running for gagements and lectures. for the Senate. And I just want to make my President, on my ticket, Dwight Eisen­ And then, fortunately, we have inherited a position clear. hower. little money. Pat sold her interest in her I don't agree with Mr. Mitchell when he You say, why do I think it is in danger? father's estate for $3,000, and I inherited says that only a rich man should serve his And I say, look at the record. Seven years •1,500 from my grandfather. We lived rather Government, in the United States Senate or of the Truman-Acheson Administration, and modestly. in the Congress. I don't believe that repre­ what's happened? Six hundred million peo­ For four years we lived in an apartment sents the thinking of the Democratic Party, ple lost to the Communists. in Parkfairfax, Alexandria, Va. The rent was and I know it doesn't represent the thinking And a war in Korea in which we have $80 a month. And we saved for the time that of the Republican Party. lost 117,000 American casualties, and I say we could buy a house. Now, that was what we I believe that it's fine that a. man like Gov­ to all of you that a policy that results In a took in. ernor Stevenson, who inherited a fortune loss of 600,000,000 people to the Communists What did we do with this money? What do from his father, can run for President. But and a war which costs us 117,000 American we have today to show for it? This will sur­ I also feel that it is essential in this country casualties isn't good enough for America, prise you, because it is so little, I suppose, of ours that a man of modest means can and I say that those in the State Department as standards generally go of people in public also run for President, because, you know­ that made the mistakes which caused that life. remember Abraham Lincoln-you remember war and which resulted In those lossel First of all, we've got a house In Washing­ what he sald-"God must have lovec' the should be kicked out of the State Depart­ ton, which cost $41,000 and on which we owe common people, he made so many of them." ment just as fast as we can get them out $20,000. We have a house in Whlttier, Calif., And now I'm going to suggest some courses of there. which cost $13,000, and on which we owe of conduct. And let me say that I know Mr. Stevenson $3,000. My folks are living there at the pres­ First of all, you have read in the papers won't do that, because he defends the Tru­ ent time. about other funds, now. Mr. Stevenson ap­ man policy, and I know that Dwight Elsen­ I have just $4,000 in life insurance, plus parently had a couple. One of them in which hower wru do that, and that he will give my GI policy, which I have never been able a group of business people paid and helped America the leadership that it needs. to convert, and which will run out in two to supplement the salaries of State employes. Take the problem of corruption. You have years. Here Is where the money went directly to read about the mess in Washington. Mr. I have no life insurance whatever on Pat. Stevenson can't clean It up because he was their pockets, and I think that what Mr. picked by the man, Truman under whose I have no life insurance on our two young­ Stevenson should do should be to come be­ sters, Patricia and Julie. Admlnlstratlon the mess was made. fore the American people, as I have, give the You wouldn't trust the man who mac1e I own a 1950 Oldsmobile car. We have our names of the people that contributed to the mess to clean it up. That ie Truman. And, furniture. We have no stocks and bonds of that fund, give the na::nes of the people any type. we have no interest of any kind, by the same token you can't trust the man who put this money Into their pockets, at who was picked by the man who made the direct or indirect, in any business. Now, that the same time that they were receiving money is what we have. What do we owe? mess to clean It up, and that Is Stevenson. from their State government and see what And so I say, Eisenhower, who owes nothing Well, in addition to the mortgage, the $20,- favors, if any, they gave out for that. 000 mortgage on the house in Washington, a to Truman, nothing to the big-city bosse&­ I don't condemn Mr. Stevenson for what he is the man who can clean up the mess In •10,000 one on the house in Whittier. I owe he did, but until the facts are In there is ~4,500 to the Riggs Bank, In Washington, Washington. a doubt that would be raised. And as far as Take Communism. I say that as far as D. c., with interest at 4 per cent. Mr. Sparkman is concerned, I would suggest [In his speech, Senator Nixon indicated at that subject is concerned the danger Is great the same thing. He's had his wife on the to America. In the HJss case they got the one point that the mortgage on the $13,000 pay roll. I don't condemn him for that, but home in Whittier was $3,000, at another secrets which enabled them to break the I think that he should come before the American secret state Department code. point that it was $10,000. The latter figure is American people and Indicate what outside correct. Nixon's secretary, James Bassett, told They got secrets in the atomic-bomb case, sources of Income he has had. I would sug­ which enabled them to get the secret of the reporters later, explaining the d.lscrepancy as gest that under the circumstances both Mr. "a verbal error."] atomic bomb five years before they would Sparkman and Mr. Stevenson should come have gotten it by their own devices. And I I owe $3,500 to my parents, and the in­ before the American people, as I have, and terest on that loan, which I pay regularly, say that any man who called the Alger Hiss make a complete financial statement as to case a red herring isn't fit to be President ot because it 1s a part of the savings they made their financial history, and if they don't it the United States. through the years they were working so will be an admission that they have some­ I say that a man who, like Mr. Stevenson, hard-! pay regularly 4 per cent interest. thing to hide. has pooh-poohed and ridiculed the Commu­ And then I have a $500 loan, which I have And I think you will agree with me-be­ nist threat in the United States-he said on my life insurance. cause, folks, remember, a man that's to be that they are phantoms among ourselves­ Well, that's about it. That's what we have. President of the United States, a man that he has accused us, that have attempted to And that's what we owe. It isn't very much. Is to be Vice President of the United States, expose the Communists, of looking for com­ But Pat and I have the satisfaction that must have the confidence of all the people. munists In the Bureau of Fisheries and Wlld­ every dime that we have got is honestly ours. And that's why I'm doing what I'm doing, llfe. I say that a man who says that isn't October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34755 qualified to be President of the United feel upon the selection of our distin­ the October 19, 1973, issue of the Na­ States. guished minority leader as President tional Catholic Reporter. It is my con­ And I sa.y that the only ma.n who ca.n Nixon's choice for Vice President. tention in this article that no President lead us into this fight to rid the Government of both, those who are Communists and Needless to say, I was highly pleased has any right to give classified or secret those who have corrupted this Government when the President announced Con­ information to selected Members of the is Eisenhower, because General Eisenhower, gressman FoRD's nomination last Fri­ House or Senate. you ca.n be sure, recognizes the problem, a.nd day evening. Upon returning to the 31st President Nixon has asserted that he knows how to handle it. District Saturday morning I was also told certain congressional leaders about Let me say this, finally. This evening I pleased to learn that so many of my con­ the secret 3,630 bombings of Cambodia want to read to you just briefly excerpts from stituents share my feeling that JERRY during the 14 months prior to April 30, a. letter that I received, a letter which after is all this is over no one can take away from FORD the best man for the job. 1970. This clandestine war cost an esti­ us. It reads as follows: It was gratifying Saturday evening to mated $140,000,000. It is my ever deep­ "Dear Senator Nixon: discover that one of the earliest editorial ening conviction that those congressional "Since I am only 19 years of age, I can't endorsements of Congressman FORD's leaders who knew of these raids and vote in this presidential election, but believe nomination appeared in the Utica Ob­ these expenditures and who withheld me if I could you and General Eisenhower server-Dispatch, a highly respected this information from their colleagues in would certainly get my vote. My husband is newspaper in my district. the Congress are, consciously or other­ in the Fleet Marines in Korea. He is in the front lines. And we have a two-month-old In order to give my colleagues the wise, implicated in ~he deception of the son, he has never seen. And I feel confident benefit of these observations I wish to in­ President. that with great Americans like you and Gen­ sert this editorial in the RECORD. The article follows: eral Eisenhower in the White House, lonely FoRD WISE CHOICE NIXON BOMBING DEFENSE "INADEQUATE" Americans like myself will be united with In making his nomination for vice presi­ (By Robert F. Drina.n) their loved ones now in Korea.. I only pray dent last evening, President Nixon listed In the statement which I submitted on to God that you won't be too late. Enclosed three qualities that he believed necessary. July 31 justifying the resolution of impeach­ is a. small check to help you in your cam­ They were ( 1) a. man qualified to serve as ment of the president, I pointed to the se­ paign. Living on $85 a month it is all I can President, (2) one who shared the President's crecy of the bombing in Cambodia as a afford at present, but let me know what else views on both foreign and domestic policy, clearly impeachable offense. In his press con­ I can do." and (3) a. nominee who could be quickly ap­ ference at San Clemente, President Nixon Folks, it is a check for $10, and it is one proved by the Senate and House of Repre­ that I shall never cash. And just let me say pretended that he had resolved this problem sentatives. in his Aug. 20 address in New Orleans to the this: We hear a lot about prosperity these No one fits these conditions more fully Veterans of Foreign Wars. The justification days, but I sa.y why can't we have prosperity than Gerald R. Ford, who has been minority attempted in that talk of the secrecy of the bullt on peace. rather than prosperity built leader of the House since 1965. He is 60 3,630 air raids during 14 months in Cambodia on war? Why can't we have prosperity and years old. is inadequate on several counts. an honest Government in Washington, D.C., He has served for a. quarter century in The president stated that the United at the same time? Washington so he knows government, poli­ States was under "no moral obligation to re­ Believe me, we can. And Eisenhower is tics and issues intimately. He has been a spect the sham" of the neutrality of Cam­ the man that can lead the crusade to bring strong Republican partisan, working with bodia occupied by the North Vietnamese. The us that kind of prosperity. Mr. Nixon and defending the administra­ president clearly concedes that the United And, now, finally, I know that you won­ tion's record. Finally-as events last eve­ States was under a. legal obligation not to der whether or not I am going to stay on ning at the White House suggested-he is bomb a neutral nation. the Republican ticket or resign. Let me sa.y highly respected and popular with his con­ The president's allegation that the· "en­ this: I don't believe that I ought to quit, gressional colleagues. emy-occupied sanctuaries" of Cambodia. because I am not a quitter. And, inciden­ The President wisely took the route away "were no more neutral •.. than was north­ tally, Pat is not a. quitter. After all, her name from the so-called glamour possibilities. ern France or Belgium in the late spring of was Patricia Ryan and she was born on John Connally, Nelson Rockefeller, Ronald 1944 when those territories were occupied by St. Patrick's Day, and you know the Irish Reagan all were on any lists, but, while all the Germans" is obviously false. France and never quit. are capable, all would have encountered Belgium were our allies in a war declared by But the decision, my friends, is not mine. trouble in winning congressional confirma­ the U.S. against Germany while Cambodia I would do nothing that would harm the tion. Too ma.ny associate them with am­ has always been neutral a.nd is not even a possibilities of Dwight Eisenhower to be­ bition for 1976 attention. member of SEATO. come President of the United States. And Mr. Ford inevitably wlll be viewed as a The fact that allegedly the "Cambodian for that reason I am submitting to the Re­ contender for the presidential nomination. government did not object to the strikes" publican National Committee tonight President Nixon, resourceful politician that cannot justify the first military assault in through this television broadcast the deci­ he is, understands this, but, more important­ American history on a. neutral nation with sion which it is theirs to make. Let them de­ ly, he sees in the man he has picked, one who which America. is at peace. Title 18 of the cide whether my position on the ticket will will work easily and effectively with him, who U.S. Code specifically forbids such a.n as­ help or hurt. And I am going to ask you to will bring a high sense of integrity to the sault. In addition, Prince Sihanouk has on help them decide. Wire and write the Repub­ No. 2 place, and who will be able to maintain several occasions after Aug. 20 expressly de­ lican National Committee whether you· strong ties with Congress. nied that he ever agreed to the bombing. think I should stay on or whether I should Although he is well and favorably known The president states, furthermore, that he get off. And whatever their decision i~ I will in the Congress, Representative Ford should informed "appropriate congressional leaders" abide by it. receive full and careful assessment in the of the bombings. In a matter of this gravity But just let me say this last word. Regard­ Senate and House. All of the nooks and cran­ there iS no such thing as an "appropriate" less of what happens. I am going to con­ nies of his personal and political life should congressional leader. The president has no tinue this fight. I am going to campaign up be examined. In view of the crisis in con­ constitutional or statutory right of any na­ and down America until we drive the crooks fidence that fills much of the national life ture to give information to selected congres­ and the Communists a.nd those that defend today, the American people want to know sional leaders. Any practice to the contrary them out of Washington; and remember, all about this man who now stands the pro­ violates my rights as a member of Congress folks, Eisenhower is a. great man. Folks, he is verbial heart beat away from the presidency. and the rights of the 474,000 citizens I rep­ a. great man, and a vote for Eisenhower is resent. If classified information is to be given a vote for what is good for America. to Congress all 53 members should be given (or denied) that security clearance which is granted, when necessary, even to the GS-4 CONGRESSIONAL LEADERS HAVE NO typist. GREATER RIGHT TO CLASSIFIED GERALD FORD EXCELLENT CHOICE The president, seeming to recognize hfs INFORMATION THAN ALL MEM­ vulnerability because of his action in launch­ BERS OF CONGRESS ing an air war without telling the American people, states that "there was no secrecy as HON. DONALD J. MITCHELL far as the government leaders were con­ OF NEW YORK HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN cerned who had any right to know or neect IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MASSACHUSETTS to know" (emphasis supplied) . Thursday, October 18, 1973 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Can a. very few congressional "leaders" (a Thursday, October 18, 1973 title acquired by sheer seniority and not by Mr. MITCHELL of New York. Mr. a.ny selection by the members of Congress Speaker, as with all of my colleagues in Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I attach or the people) have a.ny "right" or "need" to the House, I share in pride and honor we herewith an article which I published in know about a secret war costing at least 34756 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 $140,000,000 which is greater than the iden- years the first significant solar space heating heated and cooled house. The key factor will tical "right" and "need" of all 535 members project had been initiated. Since then almost be the addition of a lithium-bromide absorp­ of Congress? The answer has to be "no." two dozen buildings have been designed and tion a.1r conditioner, modified to utilize hot The most outrageous contentions made by built utilizing solar energy for heating. Dur­ water from a solar collector instead of a ga.s Nixon to justify 14 months of secret bombing ing the years 1958-1960 alone, eight different flame. The University of Wisconsin wlll col­ rest on his assertion that "had we announced buildings were constructed, four of which laborate on the design, and Honeywell will the air strikes, the Cambodian government were designed as laboratories, and four des­ engineer the controls. would have been compelled to protest" and tined to be used as residences. Now, with the There is a considerable advantage to solar "the bombing would have had to stop." This energy crisis demanding new alternatives, cooling since peak demands for air condi­ shocking double standard evokes two there is another surge of interest in solar tioning usually coincide with peak solar radi­ comments: buildings. ation levels. It should be stressed, however, cambodia would have been "compelled" There is enough sunshine in this country- that solar systems are designed to supple­ to protest, we are told, because that nation an average of 4 kilowatt-hours of solar en­ ment, and not replace, conventional heating is and must continue to be a neutral coun- ergy per square meter per day-to supply and cooling units. It is more economical to try. If Cambodia asserted this neutral status twice the energy need to heat and cool every provide auxiliary energy for prolonged bad the United States, Nixon tells us, would have building. A solar energy system does not weather than to design a solar system which been required to recognize the truth and stop require clear days, but also collects diffused would handle the entire load and be usea the bombing! The U.S., in other words, will solar radiation. Deciduous trees do not in­ only a few days a year at full capacity. bomb a neutral nation until or unless that terfere with collection. The National Science Convinced of these facts, a wide variety nation protests and proclaims its neutrality Foundation predicts that in/ by the year 2020, of architects and engineers are making con­ before the court of world opinion. In ad- 35 % of our buildings will use solar heating siderable strides in the solar field. One engi­ mltting to this incredible way of acting, and cooling at a savings of $12 blllion at neering consultant, Frederick Dubin of Nixon concedes that the U.S. would not air present electricity rates. Dubin, Mindel, Bloome Associates of New bomb a neutral nation-even to save the While the prospects of using solar energy York City, is already working on four proj­ lives of American soldiers in South Viet- for power generation are still in the stages of ects involving solar energy. Two of the proj­ nam-if that nation asserted its neutrality considerable uncertainty, the heating of ects are for the General Services Adminis­ as a shield against our B 52s I buildings by solar energy is now technically tration of the federal government, and con­ Mr. Nixon claims that Prince Sihanouk in- feasible and nearly economically competitive. sist of solar heating systems for office build­ vited him to visit Cambodia during the first Locations of successful solar heated buildings ings to be located in Manchester, N.H. and spring of the bombings. The president claims in the United States range from Arizona and Saginaw, Mich., In addition, Dubin has this as evidence of approval by Sihanouk of New Mexico to Colorado and Massachusetts. plans for a ten-unit condominium in Ver­ the bombings. If, however, the head of the Techniques have varied with the use of air mont and an office/ laboratory for the New Cambodian government is this friendly why or water as the heat transfer medium, use York Botanical Gardens. He feels that large­ would a public protest by him of the bomb- of crushed rock, water, or heat of fusion of scale systems are more feasible than single ings-a protest which would have allegedly certain salts for heat storage, widely varying family residences and that primary empha­ been inevitable if the U.S. made public the configurations of a solar collector, and a wide sis in all projects should be on energy con­ air raids-have compelled the U.S. to stop the range of percentage load carried by the sys­ servation and totally integrated systems. strikes? It would not be the point of inter- tem. But technical feasibility must have an Gerson Meckler, an engineering consult­ national law raised by Sihanouk but, to be economic counterpart. ant in Washington, D.C., is also currently blunt, by American public opinion. ECONOMICS working on several designs for solar energy Mr. Nixon has elaborated hypotheses and Richard A. Tybout, Professor of Economics systems. One of them has already been used premises to justify his secrecy about his esca­ at Ohio State University and author L

TABLE 1.-COMBAT AIRCRAFT INVENTORIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Country/aircraft type ______1967~81 196H9 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73 Country/aircraft type ______1967~81 196H9 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73

Egypt: Mig-21 interceptor______100 110 100 150 200 220 Iraq ______------170 213 213 229 220 189 Mig-19 all-weather fighter_____ 45 80 ------======Su-7 fighter-bomber.------______40 90 105 110 120 libya: M!g-15 fighter ______} Mirage V ground attack/inter- 60 120 120 165{------M•~-17 fighter-bomber______200 200 60 II- 8 light jet bomber______20 40 30 28 25 10 12 Tu-16 medium bomber______10 12 15 18 18 10 ~~~i~r:rr~~~~~~n:~~~~~~~~-~:======Total. ______::;::::::::;: Total. ______225 400 352 463 553 2 568 7 82 Syria: Algeria: ______------______------______Mig-21 interceptor______60 55 90 100 at 140 M!g-21 interceptor ______} { 30 30 Su-7 fighter-bomber______20 20 40 30 30 Mlg-15, 17 fighter-bomber______140 140 140 60 95 Mig·7 fighter-bomber------______80 11-28 light jet bomber______30 30 30 24 30 Mig-15 fighter______125 70 70 80 80 ------Magister armed trainer __ ------28 26 TotaL ______------25 150 145 ' 210 210 2 250 Tota'------170 170 170 142 181 Saudi Arabia: Jordan: BAC-167 ground attack------24 20 21 Hunter ground attack______12 11 20 18 35 lightning fighter______4 24 28 35 20 35 F-104A fighter bomber______18 15 15 Hunter ground attack______4 4 4 ------F-86 fighter ______------______4 ______F-86 fighter______12 11 11 16 15 15

TotaL ______------__ 16 11 38 33 50 Total __ _------20 39 43 75 55 771 Footnotes at end ot table. 34758 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 TABLE 1.-COMBAT AIRCRAFT INVENTORIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST-Continued

Country/aircraft type ______1967-681 196Pr.S9 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73 Country/aircraft type ______1967-681 1968-69 1969-70 1970--71 1971-72 1972-73

Israel: Mystare IVA fighter-bomber ___ 25 35 35 30 27 27 F-4E fighter-bomber/inter- Oragan fighter-bomber------50 45 35 30 30 30 (8) 36 75 41120 Super Mystere interceptor----- 25 15 12 10 9 9 A-~~~0 i.iliti!r=ilaiiiiier:::::::::::::::::··----4s· 48 67 72 125 Magister trainer with limited Mirage fighter-bomber/inter- ground attack capability _____ 50 65 65 85. 85 85 ceptor _____ ------. 65 65 65 60 60 50 Vautour light bomber. •• ------15 15 15 12 10 10 Total. __ ----.---__ .----•••• 230 288 275 330 368 2456

1 All data in this table and those following are generally fro"! June 30 to June 30. Losses incurred o About 60 have been delivered according to Israeli Foreign Minister Abba Eban. in the fighting which broke out on Oct. 6, 1973 are not taken mto account. :As of Oct. 8, 1973, Institute for Strategic Studies figures are: Egypt 620, Syria 326, lsrael488. ~ g~:~ ~~t ~~~~~te t~?~~~dd~f~~rri~~ ~~ ~~~an~~~~~~ ,:::n1~9~Le Monde, Sept. 29, 1973.) (Washington Post, Oct. 8, 1973.) . . • Does not reflect losses incurred in the Sept. 13, 1973 lsraeli-Syrian air battle. •Includes 40 that reportedly were delivered during prevaous 3 months. (Washmgton Post, Apr. Source: International Institute for Strategic Studies, The Military Balance 1967-1968 (london 21 4 ~~~~~a~l Expected To Seek More Arms,'' Washington Post, June 19, 1973. 1967), and succeeding issues through 1972-73. ' I Includes some MIG-17's and 21's. TABLE 4.-HELICOPTER INVENTORIES IN THE MIDDLE 1967-68 1972-73 would not have been liable for damage EAST Country and aircraft type caused to the environment by earth­ quakes or other acts of God. Country and aircraft type 1967-68 1972-73 Syria: The conferees have apparently agreed Js-3_------30 T-54/55 ____ ------900 to include "no-fault" liability and to pro­ Egypt: T-34.------200 240 vide for a $100 million trust fund for the Mi-4 and Mi-6 ______30 T-54------150 ------Mi-l, 4, 6, and 8------180 Pt-76. __ ------(1) purposes of paying for any damages Old German tanks______50 ------caused by the operation of oil tankers. Syria: Mi-l. __ ------­ 7 4 The establishment of such a fund is to 3 10 Tota'------==4=00==1=,1=7=0+== Mi-4 __ ------­ (1) be commended as it insures the availabil­ Mi-8. _------Jordan:M-60 ______----- 14 ity of moneys to pay for any such dam­ TotaL ____ ------10 14+ M-47 and M-48 .... ------190 age regardless of the financial condition Centurion______50 140 of the operator of the pipeline or tanker Jordan: M-48·------50 ------Alouette Ill ______------4 company. Whirlwind __ --__ ------4 TotaL ______------100 344 ===== TotaL.------======8 Israel: AFL-CIO INSTITUTIONAL TRAINING M-60 ______------______(1) Iraq: M-48·------225 450 PROGRAM 4 Ben Gurion______250 250 Mi-1 ••. ------Centurion ______------700 Mi-4 ___ ------30 Mi-8.------11 12 !sherman and Super Sherman______200 HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT Wessex .•. ------~'AA'~~~~~~r-~~~==::::::::::::::::: u~ :::::::::: OF MARYLAND TotaL.------===20=='=46=+= Tl-67 ------100 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES T-54.------200 ------libya:a 2 Thursday, October 18, 1973 AB-206 ______------TotaL______990 1, 700+ OH-13 ...------lg Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, much lip­ Alouette 111------Super Frelon.------______6_ 1 Exact number unknown. service has been paid in support of job training programs for inmates in our TotaL ______------=====2=1= &Source : Military Balance 1967-68 and 1972-73. penal institutions. However, often these A~~: 4 programs show little discemable evidence ~1:1 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::=-----·.-so- 42 of results. Hughes 269A------~ Dominic Fornaro, president of the Sa-330. _------ALASKA PIPELINE BILL Metropolitan Baltimore Councll of AFL­ TotaL.------===50===5=4= CIO Unions, has brought to my attention HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN an offender training project sponsored Saud~~~~~!:ll'------2 1 OF RHODE ISLAND by his organization, in cooperation with AB-204 ______------1 the Maryland Department of Correc­ AB-205 ..------• 8 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions, and private industry. Authorities AB-206------~ --- 20 Thursday, October 18, 1973 in this field have testified that the proj­ TotaL.------===2===1=0= Mr. TIERNAN. Mr. Speaker, I read in ect is demonstrating positive results. today's Washington Post that the con­ I would like to quote from a letter writ­ lsrae~~=~~~::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~ ferees have reached a tentative agree­ ten by Paul A. Wageley, superintendent Super Frelon ______{ } 12 ment in their attempts to resolve differ­ of the Maryland Correctional Training Alouette______40 20 ences between the House and the Senate Center in Hagerstown, Md.: S-58.------version of the Alaska pipeline bill. With The Maryland Correctional Training Cen­ TotaL.------40 72 ter, its residents and indeed Corrections it­ the current uncertainty concerning a self, needs salient programming of this very long-term supply of oil from the Middle nature which can and has produced valid 1 Number is unknown. s Iraq has also reportedly received an unspecified number of East due to the political instability of accomplishments if it is to ever attain its/ Mi-6 helicopters. (Dusko Doder, "Soviets Ship Jets, Arms to that region and the fact that the Arabs their goal of reintegrating the offender to Syria," Washington Post, 21 Apri11973.) apparently intend to use oil as a political the community. I cannot emphasize too 8 In the summer of 1970 libya had some helicopters, inc I uding 3 Alouette lis. (Military Balance 1969-1970.) weapon, it is important that we begin to strongly the desire of the Maryland Correc­ • 1969-1970 was earliest information available. develop domestic oil reserves with as tional Training Center to have this project Source: Military Balance 1967-68, 1969-70, and 1972-73. much speed as possible. Further the 70- continued. percent increase in crude oil prices Robert R. Lucas, assistant director of TABLE 6.-NUMBER OF TANKS IN THE MIDDLE EAST, 1968 which has been announced makes the Urban Services for the National Council AND 1973 (AS OF 30 JUNE) production of domestic oil even more im­ on Crime and Delinquency, midwestern portant in relation to our balance-of­ office, says: Country and vehicle type 1968 1973 payments problem. Undoubtedly, the AFL-CIO Institutional I commend Chairman MELCHER and Training Program that you have going 1s the other House conferees for refusing one of the best CY! its kind in the United EgypJ~3------20 50 States today. T-62. ------10 to give in to the pressures that I under­ stand were put on them by the adminis­ In future deliberations by this body tration on the question of absolute liabil­ on projects of this type, the AFL-CIO Ef~i~~=~~,~i=~~~~~~=~~~~~~~~~------~~- ___ :~~-- ity. If the Senate version of the liability program will certainly serve as a valuable TotaL. ___ --.------370 2,060 clause had prevailed the oil companies source of reference. October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34759 PEER REVIEW FOR COMPLAINTS The health facilities association is coor­ CAHF has found that much of the criti­ AND CRITICISMS OF NURSING dinating its efforts with those of the Depart­ cism leveled at long-term care faclllties comes HOMES ment of Health, according to Howard A. Wor­ from misunderstanding and lack of knowl­ ley, director of Governmental Relations for edge about the role of the faclllty in the CAHF since October 1972. "Copies of reports community. The association hopes that Cool of surveys of member facllities by the state Line wlll open up dialogue between the fa­ HON. JEROME R. WALDIE department wlll be supplied to local chapter cllities and those who use them. "E1fective OF CALIFORNIA Peer Review Committees," he said. "The com­ dialogue can be another tool in the effort to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mittees will seek to upgrade the quality of provide high quality care for people needing care by review of the activities of each long-term residential care," Worley added. Thursday, October 18, 1973 member on a periodic basis, and by special Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, through­ review when there are repeated or serious out the Nation there exist 22,000 long­ deficiencies reported by the Department of Health." THE ROAD TO PEACE IN THE term residential care facilities for the Worley emphasized that about 60 percent elderly. Both Federal regulations and of California's long-term care faclllties are MIDDLE EAST State licensing requirements guaran­ members of CAHF. "Of course, we cannot tee certain standards of quality in these assist those faclllties that are not mem­ homes. But quality can always be im­ bers," he added. "But, in the case of mem­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL proved and every effort should be made ber facilities, we can offer our suggestions, OF NEW YORK to better the lives of our respected elder­ advice, and help in their efforts to conform to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the high standards set by the state and the ly citizens. assoclation." Thursday, October 18, 1973 The California Association of Health As part of its efforts to cooperate with the Facilties has initiated a program that Department of Health in policing the stand­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, as the will improve the quality of care for their ards of CAHF members, the association has tragic war in the Middle East goes on, patients. been working with the Manpower Training there is a growing concern by all men, Mr. Speaker, I wish to share that plan Section of the department. "Our Peer Review whatever their allegiances or political with my colleagues, and I would like to Committees need assistance in learning philosophy, over the carnage and the include in the RECORD at this time an methods of survelllance and review, which terrible, wasteful loss of human lives. article which appeared in Health News, the department is arranging for us," Worley Our attention must turn towards an explained. effort to find a way out of this horrible the monthly publication of the Cali­ While CAHF cannot revoke licenses of fornia Department of Health: war and a way to provide a lasting those members who refuse to improve their peace in this area of the world. LEADERSHIP ROLE-NURSING HoME ADMINIS­ standards of care to conform with state re­ TRATORS ADOPT PEER REVIEW SYSTEM quirements, it has recourse to other dis­ The General Coordinating Committee In an effort to upgrade the quality of life ciplinary actions, the governmental relations of the Jewish Cultural Clubs and Socie­ in long-term care facilities, the California director asserted. "The association can expel ties has adopted a resolution on the war Association of Health Facllities has insti­ from its membership those who cannot or in the Middle East that is addressed to­ tuted a. program which will enable its mem­ wlll not comply, thereby withdrawing its ap­ wards finding a way toward a lasting bers to impove standards of care for their proval of their operation,'' he stated. "Such peace. It calls first and fundamentally patients. a disciplinary measure would be publicized in the media, as well as communicated to the for a guarantee of the continued exist­ Using a system of Peer Review and an ad­ ence of Israel, the existence of which vertising campaign which actively encour­ Department of Health." ages patients and their fam11les to communi­ To provide a mechanism for patients, their cannot be questioned as a basis for peace cate criticism and complaints, CAHF plans relatives, or friends to talk to someone about in the Middle East. The resolution also to work with members whose standards do their problems, frustrations, or difficulties calls for the formation of an Arab Pales­ not meet state licensing requirements, mak­ with nursing homes or other health facilities, tinian State on the territories won by ing it unnecessary !or the Department o! CAHF is pioneering a program which it calls Israel in the 1967 war, and for United Health to take action against them. "Cool Line." Posters advertise the avall­ Nations guarantees of a permanent Adoption o! guidelines for Peer Review of ab111ty of nursing home personnel to discuss complaints and criticism. In the event that cease-fire. nursing homes and other long-term resi­ Without endorsing these specific pro­ dential care facilities which are members of the administration of a faclllty seems unre­ nAHF were announced in August by Henry ceptive to such communication the posters posals, I strongly endorse the thrust of Heil, president o! the association. provide the telephone number of the CAHF the resolutions issued by the Jewish Cul­ Peer Review is a manifestation of the belief offices. tural Clubs and Societies toward finding "Anyone who calls CAHF can be assured that CAHF can and must take a leadership that someone wlll look into his complaint a viable basis for a cease-fire to put an role in upgrading quality of care, according and report back," Worley promised. "Infor­ end to the cu...-rent war and towards find­ to John Drobney, newly appointed executive mation will be referred to the chapter presi­ ing a solution to the grave hostilities be­ vice president o! CAHF. "Such review should dent, chairman of the Peer Review Commit­ tween Arab and Jew that threaten con­ be on a. regular basis to encourage improve­ tee, or other appropriate persons for inves­ tinued warfare in the Middle East. ment, not merely to respond to complaints," tigation and report." he said. "Voluntary action on the part of the JEWISH CULTURAL CLU!IS AND industry is the best means of achieving the The California Association of Health Fa­ SOCIETIES, goal of improving qua.Ilty of care." clllties is affiliated with the American Nurs­ New York, N.Y. ing Home Association. The CAHF Peer Re­ STATEMENT ON THE WAR IN THE JIIIDDLE EAST Drobny, who had been deputy director of view program is based on ANHA's Code ot the state Department of Consumer Affairs Ethics, to which all member faclllties must (By the General Coordinating Committee, (formerly the Department of Professional and subscribe: Jewish Cultural Clubs and Societies, Vocational Standards) until assuming his ... A basic human right of all Americans adopted October 10, 1973) oresent position in July, emphasized that is to have quality health care which is ac­ The Jewish Cultural Clubs and Societies Peer Review is an educational process, not a cessible and acceptable. express their deep shock and concern at the punitive action. "The objectives of the pro­ . . . Members wlll provide care which will violation of the cease-fire by Egypt and Syria. gram are to help facilities correct any defi­ meet the physiological, psychological, envi­ War is now raging in the Sinal and Golan ciencies and meet accepted standards," he romental, and spiritual requirements of the Heights. Many lives--both Israeli and Arab-­ added. "CAHF will, as much a.s possible, pro­ patient-resident in licensed faclllttes. are being lost and more thousands wounded. vide consultants to visit !aciUties and offer ... Members will provide qualified staff in It is in the interest of both sides that this advice about problems in specific areas." sufficient numbers to perform competent war be ended at once, for the termination of Formerly known as the California. Associa­ services to meet the patient's/resident•s re­ the Middle East crisis lies in a political solu­ tion of Nursing Homes, Sanitariums, Rest quirements. tion, not in war. This was true before Egypt Homes and Homes for the Aged, Inc., CAHF . . . Members are encouraged to engage in and Syria. attacked, and it will be true when is a nonprofit organiZation which has as its research and education which will be done a. truce is restored. published objectives improving the quallty with the assurance that the interest and dig­ Foremost 1n our thoughts is the very of life of those persons who are patients or nity of the individual is preserved and the existence of Israel. Israel must live, we pro­ residents in long-term care faclllties and conduct of the program is of professional claimed from the day it was founded, and we assisting the owners, administrators, and quality. say it today when many Arab leaders, heads employees of such facllities in achieving this . . . Members wlll clearly delineate their of governments and leaders of terrorist orga­ goal. Membership in CAHF is open to all li­ policies and will receive and act upon com­ nizations like El Fatah, which are supported censed residential care or long-term health plaints and suggestions, utillzing established by many Arab governments, plot and work to care facllities in Oallfornta. which subscribe procedures of the state and national associa­ destroy Israel. t.o the association's principles and which are tions and related community resources. We call for a cease-fire at once. It is im­ accepted after an evaluation by the local ... Members will be an integral part of perative in behalf of peace, for which the chapter Peer Review Committee. the community's health program. United Nations was established, that theSe- 34760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 curtty Council overcome the malaise of power passage of the Emergency Petroleum percent; coal, 17 percent; hydroelectric rivalries and demand a cease-fire and end to Allocation Act of 1973, I commented that, power, 4 percent; and nuclear power, 1 the war in the Middle East immediately. necessary though it was, the legislation percent. Every day's delay results in the tragedy of increased bloodshed among combatants and did nothing to increase our overall sup­ Major energy markets are industrial, innocent men, women and children on both ply of energy. With that action now be­ 32 percent; electric utilities, 25 percent; sides. Delay also intensifies the danger of hind us, there is an urgent need to take transportation, 14 percent; residential, 14 the Middle East war growing into a world stock of our overall energy problems and percent; and commercial 5 percent. Of conflagration. press for their resolution. the utilities sector 68 percent goes for Most important, it is necessary to end the The fact is that this country is running industrial and commercial purposes, the causes of the wars between Israel and its short of energy. It is not a matter of re­ remainder to residential consumers. Arab neighbors by taking definite steps on Against this background, it has been both sides to effectuate the United Nations sources; they remain abundantly avail­ Security Councll Resolution 242 of November able. But we do not have effective access estimated that we fail to recover more 22, 1967. This would mean agreement tore­ to them in terms essential to the Nation's than a fraction of the resources discov­ turn the occupied territories by Israel on welfare: adequate supplies of all forms, ered and we waste half of what we the basis of a peace agreement which will at reasonable and stable prices, without produce. guarantee Israel and the Arab countries se­ sacrificing our environmental quality, NO OVERALL ENERGY POLICY cure and recognized borders. economic vitality, or national security. The Jewish Cultural Clubs and Societies More striking to me is the fact that the oppose the annexation of Arab lands as a I am convinced that this is a reason­ Nation has not developed a comprehen­ barrier to peace in the Middle East. We de­ able goal and one we are capable of sive energy policy, with responsibilities cry the lack of past initiatives on part of the achieving. But it will demand top prior­ fragmented among dozens of executive Israeli government to establish a lasting ity, long-term efforts rivaling, in urgency, agencies in Washington, committees of peace with the Arabs. We condemn the re­ resources, and commitment, our Man­ the Congress, and the States. fusal of the Arab countries to enter negotia­ hattan project in World War II and our Regulatory actions and narrowly fo­ tions for peace and their support of the ter­ program to land men on the moon. cused environmental restrictions in the rorist organizations which operate from Surely, a nation, which by the coopera­ bases in their territories and commit some absence of a comprehensive energy policy of the most heinous crimes on record against tive effort of Government and industry, have created distortions in consumption Israel and humanity. On the one side the has built the world's greatest transporta­ and fostered uncertainty that deter mo­ terror and threats against the existence of tion network-the interstate highway bilization of industrial resources to do the Israel must be halted; on the other side the system-can create and implement a long-rang job that must be done. moves to annex large areas of Arab land must national strategy to meet this fundamen­ This is reflected in the origins of the be reversed. tal need. Significantly, the New York Times of Octo­ short-term aspects of the energy prob­ ber 4, 1973, reports a speech by Israel's For­ Evidence that such an effort is neces­ lem. Prices of clean-burning natural gas eign Minister, Abba Eban, made the day be­ sary lies in the role energy plays in our sold nationally have been held down by fore at the United Nations General Assem­ society. Our entire way of life is based on Federal regulation to unrealistic levels. bly in which he said, "it would be agreeable a modern industrial economy, made pos­ This is demonstrated by higher unregu­ to Israel that a peace settlement include two sible by the substitution of energy for lated prices paid for gas within producer nations in the area of the former Palestine human toil. Everything we use-from States, higher prices paid for liquefied mandate 'on both sides of the Jordan be­ basic food, clothing, and shelter to the natural gas imported from abroad and tween the desert and the sea.' amenities of modern life-depends "One of these nations would be Israel, and higher prices paid for synthetic gas. This the other would be 'a Palestinian Arab state largely on energy for production, distri­ situation has vastly increased demand for in its composition, whatever its name or con­ bution, and use. natural gas in recent years, deterred ex­ stitutional structure,' and "that it would be Yet, for all its importance to the Na­ ploration for new resources, and distorted up to the Arabs to determine the precise tion, we are beginning to run short. The the economics of other forms of energy. nature of the state bordering Israel on the reasons are easy enough to identify. With The resulting natural gas shortage has East.'' Then: "Israel, he said, is ready to the same recklessness with which we prompted utilities and others to switch withdraw forces from the land occupied dur­ have abused our environment, we have ing the six-day war of 1967, but this with­ to oil, already under increased demand drawal can come only in a permanent peace let abundance blind us to the need for pressure from conventional users. Be­ agreement and 'to the positions and boun­ conservation. We have adopted wasteful cause of environmental restrictions on daries determined in the peace agreements.'" consumption practices and depleted the mining and burning of coal, additional This is in line with the U.N. resolution in most easily recoverable sources of oil and demand for oil results. Despite drastic­ 1947 for the establishment of two independ­ natural gas. ally higher costs, some utilities are be­ ent states, an Arab and a Jewish state on Yet we continue to increase our reli­ ginning to produce synthetic natural gas the territory of Palestine. There may be a ance on energy. There are estimates that hopeful basis for peace in the policy out­ from naphtha, a petroleum derivative, lined by Foreign Minister Eban, but before per capita use of energy will increase by again adding demand for oil. At the same any measures for solving the Middle East two-thirds by 1985 over 1970, with each time, fuel consumption has been increas­ crisis can be considered the present war must of us consuming the energy equivalent of ing rapidly in the transportation mar­ be ended. 100 barrels--4,200 gallons-of on per ket, which means mostly oil. With auto­ Only a future of Arab-Israel friendship year. With population increase, that mobiles accounting for more than half and cooperation can auger well for the ex­ means a doubling of demand. the demand in transportation, fuel econ­ istence of Israel and peace in the Middle At the same time, for a people who East. All those who cherish Israel and world omy has declined sharply with increased peace must work to achieve this, and the pride ourselves on our technological so­ vehicle weight, power options like air Jewish Cultural Clubs and Societies have phistication, we have failed dismally in conditioning and the automatic trans­ dedicated themselves to this goal. applying this capability to the energy mission, and environmental restrictions GENERAL COORDINATING COMMITl'EE. field. To be sure, we have spent heavily on exhaust emissions. GEDALIA SANDLER, General Secretary. in research on nuclear power generation. TOUGH DECISIONS AHEAD SAM PEvzNER, Executive Director. But we have neglected or severely short­ Without massive, long-term efforts to changed other resources. Total public and improve our energy posture, we will be private spending for energy research and confronted with three totally unaccepta­ development was roughly $1.5 billion last ble alternative: A drastic cutback in THE ENERGY PROBLEM-SCARCITY year, with industry spending estimated energy consumption, with the inevitable AMID PLENTY at $1 billion and Government at a half economic consequences; wholesale aban­ billion. For the Government portion, well donment of our environmental goals; or HON. JAMES C. CLEVELAND over half of the research dollar has been vastly increased oil imports-if, indeed, devoted to nuclear energy. we can get them-with dangerous de­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE This imbalance is highlighted by our pendence on one of the most politically IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dependence for the foreseeable future on unstable areas of the world. Thursday. October 18. 1973 other sources of energy. The breakdown We cannot rely on consumption cut­ Mr. CLEVELAND. Mr. Speaker, in my for all sources of energy for 1972 was: backs alone to bring demand into bal­ remarks yesterday in connection with the petroleum, 46 percent; natural gas, 32 ance with supply. This overly simplistic October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34761 solution would have serious drawbacks. claimed its intention to reduce exports of fuels are depleted only by nuclear power. It would guarantee stagnation of our crude to this country to reduce its own But we should not be captivated by com­ economy and abandonment of the as­ imports from Venezuela and the Middle plexity to the point of ignoring resources pirations of those who do not share in East and thus hold prices down. The cut­ far simpler in concept. Tree farming for our general affluence. We would forfeit back could be as much as 50 percent over fuel has been suggested, for example, as our ability to bring the disadvantaged 3 years. To point this out does not neces­ generation of a renewable resource which into the mainstream of the economy, sarily mean to question Canadian coop­ basically represents one form of solar and sacrifice environmental goals. For eration unduly, but merely to emphasize energy conversion. example, the billions my Public Works that our national interests•too do not in­ Self-sufficiency will demand fuller use Committee has voted to clean up our variably coincide. Both governments of available resources, including coal, ad­ rivers and streams simply would not be have primary responsibility to their own ditional oil offshore, oil shale and nu­ there. people. clear energy. This may well involve Nor can we relinquish the environ­ ENERGY: KEY TO OUR WAY OF LIFE higher costs, and will demand immense mental goals and our hard-won progress An element to all these considerations efforts in research and conservation of toward them to date. This does not in­ is cost. With energy use so pervasive in energy, which in turn will depend largely volve an either-or choice between the our national economy, energy costs func­ on research. standard of living and environmental tion as a sort of value-added tax, increas­ Environmental protection alone poses quality. A clean, healthful and attractive ing cost at each stage of production and an awesome research task in the con­ environment is becoming recognized for distribution from the raw material to the text of our policy objectives. Since pro­ what it is: A very basic element in our finished product. It thus influences our duction and use of energy involves the standard of living in which all should standard of living and world standing in harnessing of natural forces, no form of be able to share. This is not to say that exports, an area in which technology energy yet devised by man has been with­ environmental concern should rule out holds the greatest promise for our con­ out some impact on the natural environ­ any rescheduling of regulatory action in tinued vitality. ment. Two examples of energy processes response to temporary shortages of crisis Many examples of domestic well-being often cited as cleanest, hydroelectric proportions, provided health standards and strong export position can be cited, power, one of the oldest, and solar en­ are maintained. But in our fundamental, including aircraft manufacture and com­ ergy, one of the newest, illustrate the long-range policies we must continue to puters. But I prefer to cite American point. Hydro power generation emits no rank steady improvement of the environ­ agriculture as a striking illustration of pollution into the atmosphere, but ef­ ment among top priorities. vast productivity stemming from our in­ fects downstream fiow and aquatic life, Undue reliance on imports should be dustrial base. Few realize it, but agricul­ and requires large amounts of acreage to quickly ruled out on national security ture and directly related industries repre­ be :flooded for impoundment. Large-scale and economic grounds. We often tend sent the single largest consumer of our use of solar energy would require in all to think of world hostilities and antagon­ energy-intensive industrial output, ac­ probability vast amounts of land for sys­ isms in terms of persistent East-West counting for a giant share of demand tems of energy conversion cells; alterna­ tensions and nuclear stalemate. On re­ on the national transportation system, tive systems of reflectors to concentrate flection, however, economic rivalries, the chemical industry, equipment for ex­ solar rays could be attacked as esthet­ anti-U.S. sentiment based on resentment tensive mechanization and a vast edu­ ically unacceptable. In reality, many en­ of size and affluence, con:flicts based on cational establishment. Development of ergy policy decisions may well increas­ religion, race, language, and national our advantages in mobility, education, ingly become a matter of choice among ambition all suggest vast potential for communications and other amenities has environmental objectives. instability. In these circumstances, gone hand in hand with the release of Demands for cleaner-burning fuel will legitimate self-interest demands that we manpower from agriculture and the com­ lead to continuing research and develop­ maintain a reasonable degree of self­ paratively low proportion of disposable ment in production of synthetic gas and sufficiency. Indeed, to the extent that we income expended for food. liquid fuel from coal, the most abundant continue to import petroleum, the ability By another measure, the average work­ remaining fossil fuel in this country. Vast to weather a cutoff of import supplies and er in the United States worked 15 min­ additional reserves of oil in this country resist blackmail through increased self­ utes for a pound of medium-priced beef await economic and technological devel­ sufficiency should help reduce the likeli­ in April 1972, compared to 36 minutes in opments to make feasible petroleum ex­ hood of being threatened. Germany, 37 minutes in England, 46 in traction from shale deposits. But re­ At the moment, the Arab petroleum France and 116 in Japan. In the period search also must include new techniques exporting nations are threatening to use since, food prices worldwide have in­ for reclamation of land, if strip-mined, oil as leverage to force a change in our creased at rates comparable to or exceed­ and measures to control pollution of un­ Middle East policies, emphasizing the ing our own. Spot checks by world capi­ derground water and subsidence in the reality of these concerns. But over the tals in early July showed boneless sirloin case of deep mining. long pull, even that area's vast supplies running $1.99 a pound in Washington, Conservation in the broadest sense will are not unlimited. versus $4.55 in Bonn, $2.99 in London, also require new and improved explora­ Petroleum demand in the other indus­ $2.73 in Paris and Rome, and $14.04 in tion techniques to discover the location trialized nations of the world is increas­ Tokyo. of resources and to recover higher per­ ing at a rate twice our own. Develop­ Thus, adequate energy at reasonable centages of reserves once discovered. For ing nations, while starting from a much cost in this field alone serves to illustrate example, it has been estimated that oil smaller base, are increasing their con­ the implications of energy policy in terms production from a given site can yield sumption of petroleum at an even higher of meeting our domestic needs and reap­ from 5 to 80 percent of the oil in rate. ing additional advantage through ex­ the ground, with averages improved from Canada is an example closer to home. ports. 18 to 30 percent over the past two dec­ When the trans-Alaskan pipeline legisla­ NATIONAL GOALS ades; but 30 percent in unacceptable. tion was first before the House, a trans­ Hence the goal is indicated at the out­ Offshore oil also will require improved Canada route was proposed as an alter­ set: adequate supplies of all forms of exploration measures and development of native. This I viewed with great skeptic­ energy, at reasonable and stable prices, safeguards to prevent pollution by "blow­ ism. For one thing, I find it difficult to without sacrificing our environmental outs," and clean-up measures should they believe that Canada would welcome a quality, economic vitality or national occur. pipeline across thousands of miles of security. NEED FOR RESEARCH Canadian soil, carrying American oil to Our fundamental policy in the years With electric power generation, as Americans, through a pipeline our own ahead must therefore be to develop a well, we must look to research for greater country rejected because of possible high degree of self-su:fficiency in conven­ e:fficiency and reduction of pollution. damage to our own environment. tional resources while developing the Existing systems convert combustion en­ But, I also concluded that it would be technology for new sources of energy. ergy at a rate of less than 40 percent. unwise to repose control over a signifi­ The experts are virtually unanimous that Reduced emission of pollution and de­ cant portion of our supply in non-U.S. we can assure future generations of an mand for raw energy sources would re­ hands. Shortly afterward, Canada pro- abundance of clean energy when fossil sult from substantially increased effie!- 34762 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 ency in the conversion process. One be expanded to avoid repetition of the tive as a point of beginning for its ra­ promising process in the advanced re­ cycle of shortages of gasoline during tional solution. search stage would pass hot gases summer and heating oil in winter as ex­ Then we must mobilize public support through a magnetic field to convert oth­ isting plants work at capacity. For New for the massive commitment of public erwise wasted heat-a form of pollu­ England, development of capacity is resources-Federal spending-which wtll tion-into energy. essential to assure availability and to be necessary to solve the problems we Research must be followed by incen­ reduce costs, since transportation of face. While the public role wtll be great, tives, particularly in the environmental refined products substantially affects it will be dependent on our success in area. A White House statement issued price. · stimulating the ability and creativity at the time of the President's April 18 As we confront the prospect of short­ which unquestionably exists in the pri­ energy message referred to technology ages this winter, the mandatory alloca­ vate sector. developed in this country to remove sul­ tions program we voted yesterday must phur dioxide from coal combustion, a be administered so as to assure fair al­ major source of pollution from this re­ location of available supplies where VETERANS DAY, 1973, WITH LIBERTY source. The statement said two operat­ needed. Controls, however, have a poor AND JUSTICE FOR ALL ing installations in Japan have proven record for any long term solution to the highly efficient and reliable, and the energy problems and indeed have seri­ HON. PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. ously aggravated various aspects of it. process should be applied here in small OF CALIFORNU quantities by 1975. Introduction of such STEPS TOWARD SOLUTION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES innovations must be accelerated sharply. As indicated earlier, we do not yet The list of energy research topics is have the decision-making structure ade­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 nearly endless. New materials alone quate to the task. My own activities have Mr. McCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, on would have application in new nuclear included support for the Trans-Alaska October 18, I introduced two bills pro­ conversion processes, generation by con­ pipeline, a resolution calling for coop­ viding amnesty for those who sought to ventional systems at higher tempera­ eration among petroleum using nations avoid military service during the recent tures and greater efficiency, transmis­ to forge a common front against divide­ hostilities in Vietnam. sion with less resistance and hence less and-conquer tactics by Arab producer The first bill, H.R. 10979, is conditioned loss. nations, efforts to obtain information upon 2 years of humanitarian service-­ Energy research, like energy policy concerning domestic producers' pricing Peace Corps, hospital assistance, fire­ must be a coordinated whole, As we move policies, support for legislation to curb fighting, conservation work, and the into a more technologically-dependent oil pollution of the seas, support for geo­ like-the second, H.R. 10980, provides for era decisions involving energy will re­ thermal energy research, pressure on the an unconditional amnesty. semble those in the defense and space Administration to adopt a fuel alloca­ I have been working on the details and fields. We identify an objective, deter­ tion program, and cosponsorship of a phraseology of the first bill for some mine the elements of an interrelated measure to centralize legislative respon­ months, since the cease-fire of last Janu­ system to bring us toward that objec­ sibility for energy in a single committee ary 25. It has been my view until recently tive, and invent, research and innovate in the House. that fairness to those who did serve in our way forward. Risks and costs are The Administration is pressing for Vietnam required at least an equal period high. But there is no alternative. Federal reorganization with creation of a of humanitarian service on the part of TOO MUCH WASTED ENERGY Department of Natural Resources, and those who did not. Energy conservation-waste in extrac­ reorganization of research responsiblli­ The events of the past week, however, tion and conversion aside--also means ties. This is a worthwhile objective in its give me great pause in seeking less than less consumption where possible. The own right, and if adopted should help re­ full and unconditional amnesty for those range of possibilities includes more effi­ form the Congress' own approach to en­ who declined to kill fellow human beings cient industrial applications, conserva­ ergy matters. in a cause in which they did not believe. tion at the individual consumer level, The day of cheap and abundant energy Justice is the cornerstone of our sys­ and development of less-wasteful auto­ is past. We can meet our energy objec­ tem of government. We daily pledge al­ mobiles. Possibilities at the consumer tives in terms of our economy, our en­ legiance to our fiag with the ringing level may appear slight, since residential vironment and national security. But it declaration: ''With liberty and justice and commercial consumption is a small will require an end to the swings between for all." portion of overall use. But because of the crisis and complacency, and an extended Last week a Vice President of the inefficiencies or loss of energy in the pro­ period of sustained, informed concern. United States was granted his liberty duction, conversion, and transmission Simplistic approaches which attempt after admitting that he had wilfully and chains, end-use economies have multiple to deal singly with surface aspects of the knowingly filed a false income tax re­ effect. Potential savings here depend on problem, such as rigid regulation of turn and had evaded payment of his individual effort. Lower consumption of prices at one point or another in the pro­ taxes. energy for lighting, insulation to improve duction chain, must be rejected. We have A few days later, a Member of Con­ heating and cooling, and greater empha­ seen how a distorted sense of the "con­ gress was granted his liberty after ad­ sis on more efficient air-conditioning can sumer" interest has contributed to the mitting that he had obstructed justice make a substantial contribution. One natural gas shortage and fuels. As con­ and committed mail fraud. utility in Michigan has recently offered trols on fuel prices and other products If justice for all permits leniency for customers interest-free loans to finance have demonstrated more recently, severe high public officials who violate their home insulation. Labeling of energy­ distortions of price and supply can re­ trust, it seems to me it must also include consumption ratings of appliances and sult, with manifest unfairness to seg­ leniency for those young men who did gas economy of automobiles will help. ments of the industries involved. Broader not want to fight in a war which Congress Recent trends toward smaller cars indi­ and deeper understanding of the prob­ never declared. cate that information programs toward lems in all their interrelated aspects 1s I do not condone the refusal to obey the these objectives will find a receptive re­ essential to sound public decisionmak­ law by those who went to Canada or de­ sponse by the public. ing. It is my hope that this statement serted between March 1965 and January Companion measures for the near makes some contribution toward that 1973. term will include development of deep­ I do feel, however, that their crimes water ports, a subject recently explored end. were of no greater degree than those for by my Energy Subcommittee of the Pub­ It is also my hope we can avoid the which 2 of the 537 elected leaders of the lic Works Committee. Capable of han­ simplistic and demagogic solution that Nation have just been sentenced to a fine dling imports by way of the new super­ selects villains for each crisis and so­ and straight probation. tankers, these will drastically reduce lutions for none. The problem has many Service to the Nation's Armed Forces transportation costs and involve far less facets and is immensely complex. Part should be considered no more important danger of spills resulting from collision of the problem is the refusal of politi­ than honest service by those who are or grounding. cians to recognize this publicly. Our en­ elected to high office. Domestic refining capacity must also ergy problem must be placed in perspec- We should not impose heavier penalties October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34763 on ordinary citizens than we do on our They now have title to 5.6 acres and also some and public interest organizations and in­ leaders. nationally rated historic buildings. About 50 dividuals. NEDA was establshed for the pur­ additional acres are avallable. The French are pose of promoting the conservation, devel­ Justice for all is our most precious pos­ interested in some form of participation in opment, and use of America's resources to session as a nation. It remains an elusive the project which is in close proximity to enhance "the quality of its human environ­ goal, yet our constant and continuing I-16 and I-95. ment" 42 U.S.C. 4332. NEDA endeavors to do quest for equal justice is among the most It would be fitting lf this project could this by encouraging public awareness and important effort we can pursue at a time reach fruition by the time of America's Bi­ informed input on such proposed or prevail­ when we are assiduously seeking to re­ centennia.l. This was the site of one of the ing public policies as xna.y serve to attain store public faith in the fairness of our bloodiest battles of the Revolution, and a or impair that overriding human goal. system of government and law. great example of the ethnic contribution to As to the matter before the Subcommit­ American freedom by Poles, French, Irish tee, we espouse as all men must, the objec­ In this vein, Mr. Speaker, I urge re­ and others who gave their lives in this battle. tives of the Clean Air Act--and those other consideration by those who have set Why not a national monument, like Ander­ objectives of full employment and economic their hearts against amnesty in the past. sonville? growth essential to the general welfare of The situation is di.fierent now. Thus would be created a site of great pride all Americans. In these and other statutory If justice includes freedom for tax for Polish Americans who would want to visit matters affecting the huxna.n environment, evaders and obstructors of justice, it the battlefield during their travels on the it is our insistent view, however, that each should include freedom for draft evaders two major Interstate Highways. be pursued in a xna.nner compatible with at­ as well. Permit me to echo the warm sentiments tainment of the others. you have expressed on the part Polish­ It is therefore fitting that the Subcommit­ On the eve of Veterans Day, 1973, we Americans played in making America great. tee undertake this oversight review of the might well accept the principle that jus­ Sincerely, Clean Air Act at this time, for it is our con­ tice for all now should mean amnesty for FRANK P. RossiTER, sidered belief that we are now at a point all. Mayor pro tempore. where one of that Act's major constraints must be moderated, or modified, to accord with the policy of this Nation's National En­ THE 365TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE vironmental Policy Act.1 We discuss that LANDING OF POLISH IMMIGRANTS NEDA URGES CLEAN AIR particular constraint later. LEGISLATION As we look back over the past two and a half years, there have been many gains under HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI the Clean Air Act, all of which served to OF ILLINOIS substantially improve air quality, nationwide. HON. ANCHER NELSEN The Subcommittee is famlliar with these. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MINNESOTA EPA has promulgated both national primary Thursday, October 18, 1973 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES air quality standards, insuring protection of the public health, and national secondary Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, on Thursday, October 18, 1973 air qua.lity standards, protecting public October 3, I held a Special Order with Mr. NELSEN. Mr. Speaker, a declared welfare. The States have taken and are taking the cooperation of a number of Members purpose of this Nation's Clean Air Act emission control actions which reduce air on the 365th anniversary of the land­ is "to promote the public health and wel­ pollution concentrations, not only in heavlly ing of the first Polish immigrants in polluted areas, but also in their outer pe­ fare and the productive capacity of its ripheries, and in the outlying rural areas Jamestown, Va. population." As a result of this, I have received a beyond. Einission standards for new motor As with all environmental measures, vehicles have effected a steady reduction letter from Frank P. Rossiter, mayor pro it is important to distinguish between its in new motor vehicle emissions, and wlll tempore of the city of Savannah, Ga., goals, which we all support, and what continue to do so through the nineteen which I am pleased to insert in the REc­ may be humanly achievable within a seventies and on into the eighties. And the ORD at this point: given period of time. As we have learned Federal standards for new stationary sources CITY OF SAVANNAH, GA., of emissions, inhibiting atmospheric reac­ OFFICE OF THE MAYOR PRO TEMPORE, through bitter experience, monitoring of tions, further reduce concentration of October 11, 1973. such laws is essential and modifications atmospheric particulates. In brief, it must DEAR CONGRESSMAN: Impressed by your are occasionally required to accommo­ be admitted that much has been accom­ comments in the Congressional ~ord on date reality. plished to fulfill the goals of the Clean Air Polish contributions to the United States To use the recent words of the Presi­ Act over the past two and a half years. and the sacrifice of such noblemen as Casi­ dent, addressed to "those who concen­ We must also stress however, that the cost mir Pulaski on the a.lta.r of American free­ trate entirely on clear air:" If a person of those accomplishments, the context in dom, I thought you would like to know that freezes from lack of fuel, "it doesn't which they were imposed, and certain of Savannah did not let the observance pass their other consequences, have been equally un-noticed. make any difference whether the air is arresting. These same past two and a half Fourth Degree Knights a! Columbus held clean." years have also been a period of disturbing, impressive ceremonies on Sunday, October In this connection, as ranking Repub­ cumulating economic crises-of towering 7th at the Pulaski Monument, located in a lican on the House Public Health and consumer and other price rises, of inflation­ beautiful Savannah park. U.S. District Judge Environment Subcommittee, I was much ary erosions of savings, take home pay, and Alexander A. Lawrence, historian, author and interested in last month's testimony on living standards, of shortages and threatened student of the law, wa.s the speaker. As Mayor the Clean Air Act which was presented shortages of energy, fuel and other com­ Protem, I introduced him. modities, of stymied but neeeded new Fed­ Monsieur de la Gorce, minister plenipoten­ before our panel by Mr. Thomas A. eral and non-Federal projects and productive tiary of France, and the French consul gen­ Young, President of the National En­ capacity, of increasing restrictions on re­ eral from New Orleans were also here for the vironmental Development Association. source use, or mounting dependency on for­ observance of the 194th anniversary of the It appears of such pertinence, I submit eign imports, of continuing unemployment Siege of Savannah in which Pulaski was it for publication in the RECORD at this for xna.ny, and of steadlly increasing costs of kllled, along with more than 1,000 French­ government--all of which must continue to men. The battlefield is only a few city blocks point in my remarks: be borne by the remaining economic activity away from the monument. STATEMENT OF NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL of other Americans. And we see signs of more Speakers at the various functions brought DEVELOPMENT AsSOCIATION BEFORE THE of the same to come. out detalls of Pulaski's heroic death, and SUBCOMMITTEE ON PuBLIC HEALTH AND THE We are not prepared to ascribe those in­ how the loss of his religious scapulars, had ENVIRONMENT, HOUSE COMMITTEE ON IN­ creasingly adverse social and economic given him a premonition of his impending TERSTATE AND FOREIGN COMMERCE CON­ trends to the Clean Air Act, or to the Federal death. CERNING THE CLEAN Am AMENDMENTS OF Water Pollution Control Act, or Noise Pollu­ LaFayette was in Savannah in 1825 to lay 1970, SEPTEMBER 1973 tion Control Act, or Coastal Zone Protection the cornerstone for a Pulaski monument. Mr. Chairman, honorable members of the Act, or National Environmental Policy Act, He noted at the cornerstone laying ceremony Subcommittee, the National Environmental or any of the numerous other recent environ- that he had introduced Pulaski to the Amer­ Development Association appreciates this ican Army, had introduced him to the com­ opportunity to set forth our overviews on mander in chief, George Washington, and now the implementation of Public Law 91-604, 1 That ls: "to foster and promote the gen­ some 46 years later he was participating in a the Clean Air Amendments of 1970. eral welfare, to create and maintain condi­ ceremony at a monument to the gallant Pole. National Environmental Development As­ tions under which man and nature can exist The Savannah Historic Site and Monu­ sociation (NEDA) is a non-profit, non-polit­ ln productive harmony, and fulfill the social, ments Commission after ten-year struggle ical, non-stock corporation comprised of la­ economic, and other requirements of" all has a toe-bold to restore the battlefield slte. bor, agriculture, industry and other prlva.te Americans PL 91-190, 42 U.S.C. 4331 (a). 34764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 mentalist measures enacted by Congress. It has been the Soviet Union's unwilling­ METALS FORMED IN SKYLAB'S WEIGHTLESSNESS is sufficient merely to point out that there is ness to work with the United States to RETURN WITH AsTRONAUTS, MAY MAKE a necessary and we submit substantial con­ bring about a fair and equitable solution SPLASH nection between those many measures, and to this war. They have demonstrated HousToN.-Aboard the spacecraft that re­ the enormous costs they have entailed, and turned from Skylab late yesterday were a few these adverse social and economic trends. their full and unequivocal support of the ounces of what may be temporarily the We therefore respectfully urge that in any Arab cause with their massive shipments world's most precious metals. report the Subcommittee may issue at the of sophisticated aircraft and other weap­ They ar-e some alloys and crystals that were conclusion of these hearings, it emphasize onry to assist the Arabs in achieving formed in the weightlessness of space and that the objectives of this Clean Air Act must their objective of destroying the sover­ may be unllk:e any ever seen on earth. The hereafter be implemented, and interpreted by eign State of Israel. alloys, for instance, are mixtures of elemental the courts: with greater awareness of the While I and others in the House have metals that can't be mixed on earth because huge cost burdens they and other environ­ spoken out deploring the outbreak of gravity would cause them to separate as they mentalist measures impose on the American are melted or cooled. economy, and in a manner and at a rate that hostilities in the Middle East, one fact The metals were formed in a small electric does not further impair its carrying capacity emerges; the United States has an im­ furnace aboard the space laboratory by the and that of the many millions of its people mediate responsibility to support Israel Skylab 2 astronauts during their record­ it must sustain. in her fight for survival. Our policy to­ breaking 59-day ftlght. The space venture, More specifically, we respectfully urge that ward Israel should not be intimidated by the second of three planned Skylab filghts, the Subcommittee recommend new legisla­ Saudi Arabia's or any Arab nations ended when the command module carrying tion overriding recent court determinations, threat to cut off oil supplies to this coun­ the three astronauts and a cargo of experi­ holding that the Clean Air Amendments of mental results splashed down in the Pacific 1970 now require States to prohibit any try. We have never allowed threats of yesterday at 6:20p.m. (EDT) about 230 miles "significant deterioration" of air quality, intimidation to govern U.S. policy be­ southwest of San Diego. anywhere (i.e., Sierra Club et al. v. Admin­ fore, there is no reason to begin now. Our Included in the scientific cargo were three istrator of EPA, 344F. Supp. 253, DC 1972; need for Middle East oil is nowhere as alloys and several semiconductor crystals of affirmed 4 ERC 1815, DC Cir. 1972; affirmed great as the need to prevent the demo­ the kind used to make transistors and other by tie vote, U.S. Supreme Court, 41 U.SL.W. cratic State of Israel from falling under electronic devices. A dozen industrial and 4825, June 11, 1973). the clutches of Russian communism. university scientists are anxiously awaiting a Those rulings now bar numerous categories The aforementioned resolution would chance to study the materials to see if manu­ of economic activity, essential economic ac­ facturing in space can produce stronger, tivity, across the boundless clean air regions provide this necessary support by calling purer, more reliable or even new materials. of the country. Unless altered, those rulings for the release of all Phantom aircraft as Of the alloys one is a mixture of lead, zinc permanently deny the use and benefit of well as tanks and other military equip­ and antimony, a second is composed of gold much of America, and American resources, to ment which have been contracted for and germanium and the third is lead, tin and present and future generations. but have not yet delivered to Israel. The indium, said Jo Reger, a materials scientist Those rulings clearly were not the legisla­ need for these materials is immediate and for TRW Inc. in Redondo Beach, Calif. tive intent of the Clean Air Amendments of imperative if the beleaguered Israelies Because these materials have different 1970, or of any other statute with which we densities, they can be alloyed only in tiny are familiar. Whatever the reason for them, are to survive as a nation against the amounts under extremely unusual conditions be it inapposite legislative language or ju­ relentless attacks of the Arab nations. on earth, such as forcing them to cool dur­ dicial rigor, resolution of the primal policy Yet we must remember that the road ing a two or three-second drop from a question those rulings now present should to peace is not limited to one lane. As high tower. In cooling a molten mixture of not be abandoned to the unguided discretion much as we can assist the Israelies in lead, tin and indium under the influence of of an administering agency. Further, what­ achieving military successes, we must also gravity, for example, the tin will precipitate ever its eventual answer, as and if reached, continue to pursue a displomatic solution out before the other two metals solidify, it may be overturned anew by the courts, as with an equal if not a greater sense of Mr. Reger said. now happens so often in so many seemingly Although the alloy samples weigh only abstract environmental matters. urgency. I applaud Secretary of State fractions of an ounce each, they are "bulk" Accordingly, we urge the Subcommittee to Kissinger for his dedicated efforts at quantities compared with what scientists recommend clarifying legislation, affirming promoting a durable peace in the Middle have had to work with before, Mr. Reger that an otherwise allowable undertaking or East. said. "They're really priceless,'' he said. activity may go forward, in any area-pro­ We are experiencing an extremely What the alloys will be like and what their viding it meets the primary and secondary perilous time in international relations. potential uses will be is, however, uncertain, ambient air quality standards of section 109, It is time that the two superpowers begin he added. The experiments are really de­ protecting both the "public health" and to act responsibly in this matter, mak­ signed to provide basic clues on why some "public welfare from any known or antici­ metals mix and others don't on earth. How­ pated adverse (air quality) effects." ing their sole objective, peace in this ever, he added, one of the alloys, the lead­ Thank you very much. battle-torn area of the world. But, let zinc-antimony mixture, might be a new THOMAS A. YOUNG, us assure the Russians that our support superconductor, a material that when cooled President. of Israel will not waver, and her security to near absolute zero, loses all resistance to and survival remains our foremost electricity. priority. Also on board was a sample of a semicon­ ductor crystal of indium antimonide which SUPPORT OF ISRAEL was melted and resolidified aboard the METALS FORMED IN SKYLAB'S Skylab. The key to making highly reliable and efficient transitors and other semicon­ HON. MARIO BIAGGI WEIGHTLESSNESS ductors is getting atoms and molecules of OF NEW YORK an impurity material distributed uniformly throughout a semiconductor crystal, ex­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE plained Harry C. Gatos, professor of metal­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 OF TEXAS lurgical and materials science at Massachu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I am setts Institute of Technology. Gravity inter­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 feres with getting a uniform distribution; pleased to join with the distinguished the molten materials become disturbed be­ majority leader (Mr. O'NEILL) in intro­ Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, cause the cooler molecules tend to sink and ducing a resolution reaffirming the con­ each day a new and important contribu­ the warmer ones to rise. tinued strong support of the U.S. Gov­ tion is added to the list of the Skylab pro­ "None of these problems should exist in ernment for the nation and people of gram's achievements. In the most recent space where zero gravity should allow the Israel 1n their struggle for survival fiight to Skylab, a number of experi­ solids to grow from undisturbed melts,, Mr. against the Arab States. Gatos said. When the crystals from the Sky­ ments were done with metals to deter­ lab are returned to the scientists, "we wlll This latest tragic and untimely war in mine how the weightless condition of study extensively the way they grew in space, the Middle East continues to command space could be used to provide new or the way the active ingredients were distri­ the attention and fears of the entire different alloys. The Wall Street Journal, buted there and how the electrical proper­ world. The rapidly changing develop- Wednesday, September 26, 1973, de­ ties 1n all their details have changed." ments 1n this conflict make it impossible scribes the samples returned from Sky­ If the experiments show that weightless­ for Americans to remain aloof from this lab and their significance as possible con­ ness can produce better or even new mate­ crisis. tributors to improved metals useful to rials, it isn't inconceivable that commercial A particularly alarming development our daily lives. The article follows: manufacturing might be done in space. Mr. October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34765 Reger noted that the quantities needed of the Diocese of Buffalo include member­ of State mental hospitals, and commend some materials, such as semiconductors, are ship on the Executive Board of the it to my colleagues: measured in ounces or only a few pounds. Bishop's Lay Council of the Diocese of REMARKS OF DR. WILLIAM Such quantities wouldn't be dlfticult to pro­ RoY duce in a spacecraft during flights in only a Buffalo and of the Pastoral Council of The state mental hospital is not dead, nor few days or weeks." the Diocese, and he has also served· as a is it necessarily dying-but it most certainly trustee of Catholic Charities of Buffalo. 1s headed for a radical change. He is a Knight of St. Gregory, a Knight In many states throughout the country, of Malta and a Past Grand Knight and as many of you are aware, the llecision has A TRIDUTE TO JOHN GALVIN, OUT­ Past District Deputy of Buffalo Council already been made to substantially trans­ No. 184, Knights of Columbus. form the mental hospital system. In many STANDING CITIZEN OF WESTERN other states, the decision is about to be NEW YORK Mr. Speaker, John Galvin has through­ made. out his career served the people of Buf­ And these decisions have been made, or falo and western New York with honor are being made, because over the past decade HON. JACK F. KEMP and distinction and I am proud to num­ two experiences matured which literally OF NEW YORK ber him among my friends. I congratu­ compelled a shift in orientation of the state IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES late John for his devotion and dedica­ mental hospital system as we have tradi­ tionally known it. Thursda11. October 18, 1973 tion to the cause of humanity throughout his lifetime and I extend to him my First was the increasing wide-spread use Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, if one is warmest wishes for his continued health, of psychotropic drugs which facllltated the lucky in his lifetime, he will run across happiness, and prosperity in the years treatment and rehab111tation of the mental someone who has devoted his entire patient, and thereby sharply dimlnlshed the ahead. When a man is so filled with life need for institutional care. life to public service-to serving the peo­ as John Galvin, I know that this step Second-and really the most compelling­ ple at any cost, sacrificing his own time means not an end but a beginning-his was the flowering of first the concept and for the benefit of others. Such a person undampened energies and enthusiasm then the realization of treatment in the is John M. Galvin of Amherst, N.Y. will be channeled from old triumphs to community setting-a happening that was John is retiring on November 1 as a new pursuits. crystalliZed by the community mental health director of Marine-Midland Bank, but centers program. his record of 52 years of outstanding By 1966 or 1967 when the centers program service to the community makes me quite was fully underway-underway in the sense that a number of facilities were then op­ sure that he will continue. FUTURE ROLE OF THE STATE HOS­ erating and delivering services pursuant to John's life truly exemplifies the Amer­ PITAL-ADDRESS BY WILLIAM R. the comprehensive model-it was rapidly be­ ican dream. He entered the banking field ROY coming clear that the community setting in 1921 as a messenger for the old Lafay­ had dramatic advantages over the state ette National Bank, which later became mental hospital for the treatment of the a part of Buffalo Trust Co. before it was HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI mentally 111. Advantages in terms of both dol­ merged into Marine in 1925. OF NEW YORK lar savings to both the patient and to the After being named an assistant treas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES state, as well as savings in terms of human suffering-separations from family, job and urer in 1933, he organized Marine's first Thursday, October 18, 1973 . friends. Midland time plan department when We all know the story-with the compre­ the bank entered the consumer field 3 Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, on Octo­ ber 11 in Buffalo, N.Y., my distinguished hensive community program the patient can years later. get treatment sooner and complete the John's career continued to rise as he colleague, Dr. WILLIAM RoY, of the Sec­ therapy sooner so that his "time out of was promoted to assistant vice president ond District of Kansas, addressed a con­ circulation"-if there 1s any-is drastically in 1945 and to vice president in 1948. He ference of the future role of the State reduced. returned to Marine Midland Bank­ hospital, sponsored by the Division of With these experiences--the psychotropic Western, in 1951 as director of public Community Psychiatry of the State drugs and community mental health cen­ University of New York at Buffalo and ters-the public state mental hospital ex­ relations. John was elected senior vice perienced a dramatic decline in the number president in 1958, executive vice pres­ the Western New York Education and Training Team of the New York State of resident patients: from 540,604 in 1963 to ident in 1961, and chief executive officer, 275,995 in 1972. And the population con­ chairman of the executive committee, Department of Mental Hygiene. tinues to decline. and a director in 1962. From 1968 to The conference was indeed fortunate Where, then, goest the state mental health 1971, he served as vice chairman of the to obtain a speaker with his unique faclllty-the often old, the often rural facil­ bank's board of directors. qualifications. As a physician for over 20 ity that too often has been used to ware­ John has earned for himself a reputa­ years, he has firsthand knowledge of house the mentally 111? medical problems and health needs of Several states, we know, have made the tion for public service for which he can decision to get out of the business of op­ hold his head high. Among his many the country; as a lawyer and member erating state hospitals. In some cases the awards for these services are the Award of the Kansas Bar Association, he is ownership has simply been transferred to Citation from the Buffalo Council on aware of the legal intricacies involved in another level of government, usually the World Affairs, the Distinguished Citizens implementing governmentally assisted county, but in most cases, the change has Achievement Award from the Board of health care; and as an active member been a sincere one designed to alter the mode Regents at Canisius College, "Boss of the of the House Subcommittee on Public of treatment--to really capitalize on the ad­ Year" Award from the Buffalo Area Jay­ Health and Environment, he is striving vantages of the community model. to correlate information from around The most typical reassignment scheme for cees, "Man of the Year" Award from a state mental hospital 1s for it to take on Buffalo magazine of the Buffalo Area the Nation and working to formulate the role of a community service facUlty, Chamber of Commerce, a National constructive legislation from it. most likely with broader responsib111ties than Brotherhood Citation of the National Dr. RoY's thoughtful speech reflects it formerly had. In such cases as the facllity Conference of Christians and Jews, and his combined training and experiences. takes on a new role, it also takes on a new a Silver Beaver Award from the Boy Recent administration proposals for image. The walls and fences come down, the Scouts of America. slashing Federal assistance in health spacious campuses are opened up to general care, including dropping community public use and the inhibitions of the com­ A member of the Board of Trustees of munity to use the facllity tend to drop. Rosary Hill College since 1966, John has mental health centers, have been post­ This 1s essentially the change that is taking throughout his long career taken an ac­ poned pending a thorough congressional place at St. Elizabeth's Hospital in Washing­ tive leadership role in educational, civic, study. Scientific and technological ad­ ton, D.C. One unit was turned into a com­ and religious affairs of the community. vances in medical science as well as munity mental health center to serve one of He is a past president of the Buffalo Area changing sociological factors call for the city's four catchment areas. Other parts Chamber of Commerce, a cofounder of reevaluation of our health care delivery of the hospital have changed their style of service or orientation-and the public has the United Way of Buffalo and Erie systems, and the address last week in begun to think of St. Elizabeth's as a re­ County and has served as a regent of Buffalo is a very perceptive one. source for them, rather than just a huge but Canisius College. I am pleased to insert the text of Dr. Isolated facility that divided up the com­ John's activities in religious affairs in RoY's timely remarks on the future role munity. 34766 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973

In Wisconsin, another technique was used on the rapidity with which the transition is starving before they have died, we know for its two state mental hospitals--they were made. that they are going to die. We know so much, turned into specialized treatment and re­ For example, one of the proposals for na­ and we can do so little. We turn away.... search facllities. Each of the hospitals has tional health insurance-S. 22, the Kennedy­ We draw what in England we call curtains, several such specialized facllities, and the Griffiths b111-has in it a provision relating and we try to make an enclave of our own. purpose is to develop new insights, new skllls, to coverage of treatment for mental illness new techniques into the treatment of par­ which says, in effect, that there should be Certainly the same can be said of ticular mentallllness problems-as well as to unlimited coverage for services provided America. For although our Nation has treat those who are residents of the fac111ty within the setting of a community mental the scientific expertise to send men to and therefore part of the research effort. health center, but that the coverage should and from the moon, and the technical Such a scheme is patterned after the Na­ be restricted for those services provided in a know-how to provide a new heart or tional Institutes of Health, which-although hospital sett ing. kidney for a few, it seems that we have prlmarUy research facilities-treat people Obviously, enactment of such a provision with specialized problems as part of the tomorrow would intensely accelerate the rate not yet mustered our national will and research. at which states move from delivering serv­ resources to tackle the basic problems In some instances, conversion to commu­ ices through a system of hospitals to delivery of hunger and malnutrition. nity treatment may not be so simple. Where through a system of community programs. For most Americans this is an unprece­ there is no viable use for the state mental National health insurance is still some dented year of national crisis. Engrossed hospital for the treatment of the mentally distance off. as we are, however, in the selection of a 111, and the facllity is stlll a good one, then it But enactment of legislation which wlll new Vice President, in the labyrinth of should be turned over to other pursuits have an impact on the kind of change I am which are in the public interest-schools, talking about is probably not so far off. the Watergate scandals and with our general health care facilities, recreational One very real possibility has to do with current economic problems, we here in units, and the like. a change in the Medicaid law. Under the Congress must not forget the basic and And some state mental hospitals, indeed, program as presently designed, the provision ominous fact, that everyday throughout wm simply need to be abandoned. Old facUl­ of clinic--or outpatient-mental health serv­ the world, more than 130,000 human be­ ties which are su1Hciently dUapidated that ices is optional within the state plan. The ings die of starvation and malnutrition. they wm require near-total rebuUding to be Administration has all along opposed the It is true that we Americans no longer useful. Perhaps these buildings should be inclusion of required outpatient mental torn down and the land used for a totally health services because of· a fear that the have unlimited food surpluses, but cer­ different purpose. cost wlll be too great, although it has ac­ tainly we can allocate our priorities to There are, of course, many problems con­ cepted-and it is part of the Medicaid law­ better serve food shortages in the less­ nected with the transfer of a state mental that inpatient hospital services for the men­ developed countries. Indeed, it is esti­ hospital to new functions. Where these fa­ tally 111 shall be covered. And Congress has mated that America's garbage cans over c111ties are the main-perhaps the only sig­ gone along with this distinction. the next year alone will contain enough nificant-employer in a community, the com­ But now that the Administration is pro­ wasted food to prevent a significant pro­ munity understandably views such a shift posing that federal support for the com­ as a serious threat to its economic well-being. munity mental health centers program be portion of famine deaths that will other­ But there is no need for serious concern ellminated, it is under pressure-as well as wise occur in Asia and Africa. here. The employees of a state mental hos­ a moral obligation-to help develop alterna­ The facts also indicate that congres­ pital can be retrained to provide simUar tive sources of funding for community men­ sional response to the problems of world types of services within the community­ tal health programs. Since the federal CMHO famine are not equal to the severity of oriented program, or even retrained to serve staffing grant--once the center is fully opera­ the world crisis. World production of in the new program to be operated out of the · tional--essentially goes for paying the cost food has declined for the first time since facUlty. of delivering services to the poor, an obvious In those instances where the residents of device for supplying some relief is by broad­ World War II, but our humanitarian the ! acUities continue to need residential ening the medicaid law to require the inclu­ food shipments under the food for peace care and the hospital is abandoning that sion of outpatient mental health services in a program have decreased by as much as role, often the solution has been to find an state medicaid plan. And if the change were 40 percent. In the Sahelian nations of alternative residential facility, but one accomplished in such a way as to make the West and Central Africa, where 8 to 12 which is-it often turns out-more appro­ delivery of such services in the clinic or com­ million human beings face imminent priate. The elderly constitute a large seg­ munity program setting more attractive starvation within the next several ment of this population, and often the financially than for those provided in the change to smaller residential fac111ties more state mental hospital, then there would be months, the President has contributed a part of the community and particularly another impetus for states to accelerate the only $12 million and three Air Force adapted to the needs of the elderly has conversion process. planes to supply relief for these drought proven beneficial. But I think the Administration and the areas. So I foresee no problem in continuing the Congress can do more to speed the shift. U.S. funds for world projects in food transition away from t he traditional mental Every time we in the Congress consider and production, nutrition, and population hospital. It is happening, it will continue to pass a piece of legislation that relates in planning are the smallest to be allocated happen-the real question is how swift the some way to the delivery of mental health transition will be. services, then we ought to make it clear­ in the past 27 years. Indeed, as Fred One of the important questions remaining through the establishment of incentives­ Bergsten of the Brookings Institute says: relating to this transition is what is the that the way of the future is service delivery The U.S. is the least responsive to Third appropriate role for federal government. within the community program setting. World needs of any industrialized country. Although the federally sponsored commu­ And every time the Administration deals U.S. help is small in quantity, and getting nity mental health centers program has with such issues through the implementation smaller. It lags far behind the policies of played a key role in developing the commu­ of rules and regulations or other devices, Europe and Japan. The Administration and nity programs and demonstrating their via­ then it, too, should make sure that the em­ Congress must share in this indictment. bllity-an d thus creating the countervailing phasis is on community service programs. During the next 30 years, the popula­ force to the state hospital system-much of For the momentum is underway. It is now the impetus for redesigning the use of state only a question of how swift the transition tion of the world will double. Of the 7 hospitals, or for closing them down, has come shall take place. billion people who will be alive in 2000 from leaders within the states themselves. A.D., nearly 90 percent of them will re­ This leadership has come mainly from two side in the less developed countries. r.Urections- Probably one half of these people will be Those responsible for the fiscal stab111ty DRAWING THE CURTAIN OF condemned at birth to an early death of the state-the money managers who see INDIFFERENCE because of hunger and malnutrition. the savin gs in terms of dollars primarily, and There is a direct cause and effect re­ only secondarily in terms of benefits to hu­ lationship between an increasing popu- man beings. lation and food scarcity, but birth con­ And those responsible for the delivery of HON. JOHN E. MOSS an effective mental health service program, OF CALIFORNIA trol is a complicated economic-religious­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES educational and cultural process that re­ who do see the savings primarily in terms quires significant financial commitment o! improved well-being !or those receiving Thursday, October 18, 1973 care. in order to be even partially successful. The momentum is there-the thrust is Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, C. P. Snow, Yet, for the past 2 years, America's con­ there at the state level, but what the Con­ the late British writer, once said of the tribution to contraceptive research and gress and the Administration does in Wash­ world's hunger crisis: development has been frozen at $40 mil­ ington w111 also have a significant impact We know it is happening. We see people lion a year. This is an amount equal to October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34767 what the Department of Defense spends of exportable wheat, t :_1 Kansas City price for pated total world production this year of 330 in less than 7 hours and is $60 million a basic grade, !or September delivery, has million tons, up 20 million tons from last less than what the Department of shot up from $2.06 a bushel in April to an un­ year. None of the industrialized countries is heard of $5.05. There 1s also a multl-mlliion in the slightest danger of going hungry, and Health, Education, and Welfare has es­ ton shortage of rice in Asia. there is in fact ample grain. timated is needed in order to carry out In considering the massive grain deficit, it But the problem is to find mechanisms in­ the mandate of the Family Service and should be kept in mind that one million tons suring that enough of it wlll be shared with Population Research Act of 1970. All of of grain represents a year's minimum food the dozen or so less developed countries this in spite of the recent report of supply fer between !our million and five mil­ where it is urgently needed, and this 1s a the U.S. Commission on Population lion people in a less-developed country, and problem of profound difficulty. To solve it Growth which recommended substantial the total grain shortage will probably add up will require a maximum effort by the wealthy increases in governmental assistance for to between 10 million and 15 mlliion tons. countries to help, an effort which will almost Minimum estimates of the shortage in the certainly have to be led and galvanized by improved birth control methods and edu­ worst hit countries are: the moral authority of the United States in cation. order to be successful, and which would We hear a great deal of talk these days Country: Tons have to mobilize public cooperation and in­ about the research for a "generation of IndiaPakistan ------_____ .. ______4,500,0001, 500, 000 ternational technical resources on a scale peace,'' yet we continue to spend $80 virtually unmatched since the food-saving Bangladesh ------1, 000, 000 billion a year for weapons of war, but African Drought Belt______1, 000, 000 plus and food-transporting efforts of World War II. only pennies for food for peace. Phllippines ------500, 000 Perhaps it was Adlai E. Stevenson who To deal with the grim prospects of the next Substantial shortages also are likely in In- 12 months, a series of specific steps will be best summed up the obvious political donesia and Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and perhaps needed: problems created by hunger, malnutri­ in several other countries as well. (1) The U.S. should send a delegation of tion, and over-population: Moreover, the shortage wlli not be "spread highest stature and prestige to the Rome We travel together, passengers on a little out" over the whole population, which would conference called by the FAO for next week. ship all committed for our safety to its be had enough. For tens of millions of Asi­ Given the fact that one of the great calami­ security and peace. We cannot madntain it ans whose crops have been destroyed or who ties of the century is almost upon us, it hal! fortunwte, hal! misemble, half confident, live in cities whose supply sources have dried would not be out of line if Secretary of State­ balf despa.1r1ng; half slave--to the ancient up, and for millions of African herdsmen designate Henry Kissinger were to attend enemies of man-half free in a liberation of who have lost the cattle which are their sole personally. Paradoxically, however, at mid­ resources undreamed of urutil this day. No means of support, the dependence on im­ week some officials at the Department of craft, no crew can travel safely with such ported foodstuffs over the next year will be Agriculture were working actively to boycott vast contradiotions. On their resolutions de­ almost total. the conference. Apparently bureaucratic pends the survival of us all. PESTILENCE AND FLOODS feathers were ruffied when the FAO failed to consult with ·them in advance before the No one knows all the answers to the Already, widespread food riots have oc­ call for the conference went out two weeks problems of worldwide hunger and mal­ curred in India. And malaria, largely dor­ mant since the 1950s, is showing signs of an ago. nutrition and most of us realize that (2) If the five-nation conference (U S. America alone cannot resolve them. But unwelcome resurgence among the under­ Canada, Australia, France and Argentina) nourished population. In Pakistan, the confirms the full gravity of the situation, as we must not permit such complexity to floods have hit hardest at the nation's two lead to inaction and indifference. it is expected to do, a series of deliberate most populous provinces, Punjab and Sind, emergency measures should then be taken: Justice Brandeis once said, that the destroying a m1llion tons of stored food First, to bring home the urgency of the greatest menace to freedom is an inert grains and inundating 5 million acres under problem, it might be appropriate to have a people. This year alone an estimated 50 cultivation. In the Phil1ppines, the govern­ two-part television presentation, in which a million human beings will die from star­ ment has had to call on the army to super­ statement by the President was followed by a vation and malnutrition. I only hope that vise rice distribution. statement by leaders of Congress. This would If nothing is done to head off the impend­ be a dramatic means of sounding the alarm Congress will be aroused by their su1fer­ ing disaster, the starvation of mlliions could ings and react accordingly. To stimulate be accompanied by a widespread breakdown and of emphasizing that this was a matter debate on this vital subject, I insert the of social and political order that would bring transcending all personal differences. following article from the Wall Street chaos to Asia and invite a series of great One major emphasis of all public an­ power clashes. The destruction of central nouncements and appeals should be a World Journal by Roy L. Prosterman, entitled War II-type message: Don't waste food. It is "The Growing Threat of World Famine":. government control and the "balkanization" of India, for example, could well be the sig­ hardly an exaggeration to say that America's THE GROWING THREAT OF WORLD FAMINE nal for a cataclysmic Sino-Soviet conflict as garbage cans over the next year will contain (By Roy L. Prosterman) the two powers struggled for areas of domi­ a large enough amount of thrown-away food to prevent a significant proportion of the A disaster that could cost as many lives as nation or influence. Neither from a humani­ World Warn currently threatens the world. tarian, nor a religious, nor a pragmatic view­ famine deaths that will otherwise occur in The disaster stems directly and indirectly point can Americans stand aside as starva­ Asia and Africa. But in all probability, with­ from the severe food shortage in the less-de­ tion engulfs large parts of the Asian and out a conscious, grassroots effort to prevent veloped countries. Over tue next 12 months, African continents. waste of food, the surpluses needed to feed there may be from 10 million to 30 million in­ Distressingly, however, press reports in the the hungry of Asia and Africa simply wlli not cremental deaths in these countries as a re­ past few days have indicated that America's exist. Restaurants offering "two-thirds" or sult of starvation and of diseases rendered humanitarian food shipments under the "four-fifths" portions on all their dishes: fatal by malnllltrition. Only a larger effort by Food for Peace program-instead of being dieters starting their diets now rather than the fortunate minority of developed, well-fed increased, which is the clear need-may act­ later; diners having only one appetite stim­ nations can prevent this disaster. ually be decreased 40% from last year's rice ulating drink before dinner instead of two, The enormous scope of the pending di:;as­ quantities, and 66% from last year's wheat thus achieving a double saving of grain-all quantities. Even this may be optimistic un­ will help. ter has been obscured until very recent weeks (A saving of about 100 calories a day, or by several factors-the difficulty of collecting der the current approaches at the Depart­ and analyzing farm production data, the re­ ment of Agriculture. The volume of food around 3% in the food that Americans buy luctance of governments in the affected poor available !or distribution through the volun­ would be equivalent to what is needed to pro­ countries to set off a panic or hoarding l'eac­ tary agencies (such as CARE) that have ad­ vide a supplemental and probably life-saving tion, and the hard-dying hope in each govern­ ministered a good part of America's long­ 1,000 calories a day to 21 million people in ment that it, at least, would somehow be standing antifamine programs is now ex­ the less-developed countries.) able to buy the needed grain. BUJt even !or the pected to be the equivalent of only 25% of VOLUNTARY COOPERATION most determined optimist, the signs are now last year's $197 million volume. The cur­ In all these efforts, the emphasis should clear that the situation is desperate. rent year's $80 million available appropria­ be on voluntary public cooperation. At no World surplus grain stocks are at a 20-year tion will buy only about what $50 million time should the attempt be made to "take low. A series of floods, droughts and crop dis­ would buy last year. away" food that the buying public wants, asters in the past year have htt the Philip­ If the public and lts leaders understand the even if they want it only to overeat or to pines, India, Bangladesh, and particularly historic gravity of the issues, this disaster throw away into their garbage cans. There is need not occur. Despite the low level of world no way that the individual or collective buy­ Pakistan and six West African countries. The surplus stocks, most of the famine can still UN Food and Agriculture Organization has ing power of Indians, Africans or Filipinos be avoided. World consumption estimates making $20 to $30 a month can bid it away­ just called an urgent meeting of the great are artificially inflated not only to allow for even to fend off starvation-from Americans grain-exporting nations in Rome next Thurs­ overeating and waste in the affiuent societies or Canadians making $20 to $50 a day. Only day to develop coordinated measures to deal but for their hard currency grain acquisi­ the voluntary withholding of the bid, con­ with an anticipated nine mlllion ton wheat tions from one another. The expected nine scious of the moral choices to be made, can shortage in the less developed nations. mill1on ton shortfall of wheat in certain less free that food so that the Indian or African Meanwhile, reflecting the drastic shortage developed countries compares with antlci- or Filipino wtll not die. 34768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 As soon as it became clear that even 1% marketers have faced serious threats to The general wording of this provision or 2% was being saved in food consumption their economic well-being and, in some will reinforce the specific passages in the through the elimination of waste, action by cases, have met wtih extinction. Their allocation bill regarding passthrough of the Department of Agriculture would be costs and use of identical dates. The pro­ needed to declare corresponding amounts problems have originated both from the available for famine relief. It is almost cer­ behavior of the major petroleum com­ vision should also effectively prohibit the tain that certain clarifying changes--changes panies, which have taken advantage of Council from unfairly treating independ­ already in the legislative hopper-by Con­ the current oil shortage to cut their sup­ ents in the future. gress in Public Law 4:80 or other existing law ply commitments to independents, and These two measures are concrete would be needed to expedite this process. Ad­ from the administration's Cost of Liv­ means of aiding the independent mar­ ditional appropriations to acquire the sur­ ing Council, which designed more bur­ keter. It seems to me, however, that per­ plus grain would be necessary in the several densome price regulations than for the manent justice for the independent small hundred million dollar range. businessman in the petroleum industry Two other measures might add to avail­ petroleum majors. able surpluses for export to the less-devel­ The independent marketers did not can come only by divestiture legislation­ oped nations. One would be the identlftca­ play dead and accept this damage to the divorce of marketing activity from tion of present grain delivery contracts for themselves. They communicated the sit­ the other components of the petroleum aflluent importing nations, including Russia uation to Congress in a well documented industry and the effective breakup of and Western Europe. The latest Agriculture and impressively organized lobbying ef­ the monopolistic petroleum majors now Department figures show at least nine million fort. On September 12, 20 independents dominating the industry. In a recently tons of wheat firmly committed for ship­ from my district visited me in Wash­ completed 2-year study, the Federal ment to these countries over the balance of the fiscal year. Where such grain has only ington to describe their personal predica­ Trade Commission concluded that the in­ marginal or future benefits for the import­ ments and present their proposals for dustry was indeed beset with a situation ing nation-to raise consumption from 2,800 corrective action. of monopoly in which the major oil firms to 3,000 calories per day, for example, or for Since then, three developments prom­ cooperated rather than competed with use many months from now-there should ise substantial relief for the independent each other. be strong representations from the U.S. sector. First, in response to pressure from Pending this kind of long-term assist­ government asking these relatively rich na­ independents and Congress, the Cost of ance to the cause of free and genuine tions to accept deferred delivery, so that the Living Council has recently permitted economic competition in the petroleum grain intended for them can be diverted for field, legislation of the type approved by immediate delivery to the desperately hun­ upward adjustments in petroleum prod­ gry nations. A second measure would be to uct ceiling prices. Congress in the last several weeks is work out exchange arrangements, under Then, on October 17, the House ap­ critical to the survival of independent which nations geographically close to the proved the Emergency Petroleum Allo­ marketers. most needy nations would be urged to send cation Act, which is almost certain to be I look forward to working with all of immediate supplies out of their existing approved by the Senate. The measure di­ my colleagues to improve the business stockpiles, with the U.S. and other grain ex­ rects petroleum producers to a.Uocate position of independents in the future. porting nations making good the loss in later their products according to supply rela­ months as transportation becomes available. Transportation, of course, is a related ur­ tionships existing during corresponding gent need. To transport the surplus food that times of the year in 1972. As one who Is found would require a large-scale coor­ joined my colleague from Massachu­ TimP~UCmTimmTMIDM~ dinated effort to mob111ze world merchant setts, Congressman MACDONALD, in co­ CHARTERING fleets for the shipment of food to the needy sponsoring the bill when he first intro­ countries on a highest priority basis. duced i~. I want to congratulate him for HON. FERNAND J. ST GERMAIN (3) Over the longer run, the present crisis the skill and care he has shown in guid­ underlines the need for vastly improved and ing this legislation to passage. OF RHODE ISLAND Increased assistance to agriculture In the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES less-developed world: Deep-rooted problems The bill provides priority treatment such as land tenancy and smallholder credit to independents by directing that the Thursday, October 18, 1973 must be solved If we are not simply to move program of mandatory allocations con­ Mr. ST GERMAIN. Mr. Speaker, yes­ from crisis to crisis. (The Asian nations that tribute to the "preservation of an eco­ terday I addressed the House for the have already made progress In these matters nomically sound and competitive petro­ purpose of advising my colleagues of the are precisely the nations that are not caught leum industry; including the priority up in the present disaster.) Banking and Currency Committee's in­ needs to restore and foster competition tention of bringing to light all facts sur­ THE MORAL REQUIREMENT in the producing, refining, distribution, rounding the recent disapproval action If astronomers told us that a comet would marketing, and petrochemical sectors of by the Comptroller of the Currency of an crash into the earth one year f.rom today such industry, and to preserve the com­ probably kllling 30 million or more people application for a national bank in Key petitive viability of independent refiners, Biscayne. Press and media comments and possibly spinning the whole planet out nonbranded marketers, and branded in­ of its orbit, the whole world would mobtllze clearly implicate the close personal friend Its technical resources to try to deflect the dependent marketers." of the President, Mr. C. G. Rebozo, and comet from Its path and avoid the disaster. In addition to requiring allocations, by inference casts doubt upon the integ­ It remains to be seen whether this less the bill permits a dollar-for-dollar pass­ rity of reviewing officials charged with tangible but equally certain threat, of mas- through of net increases in the cost of the duty of rea.ching such decisions solely sive starvation and polltical upheaval, can be refined products to all marketers or dis­ based upon the general public's need for dealt with in time. The technical resources tributors at the retail level. It also di­ additional services in a free and competi­ to avoid the disaster certainly exist on thls rects the President, through the Cost of planet. The crucial question is whether the tive environment. moral resources exist to practice the degree Living Council, to use the same date in For the edification of my colleagues, of self-disclpllne and pulllng together which the computation of markup, margin, Mr. Speaker, I insert at this point in the will be needed to moblUze those technical and posted prices for all marketers or RECORD the transcript of Monday's Wal­ resources in time. distributors of refined products. ter Cronkite's newscast, Wall Street In addition to the allocation measure, Journal stories of October 15 and 18, and on October 11 the House passed an Chairman PATMAN's letter of October 115 amendment to a bill providing operating to Comptroller of the Currency, James E. CONGRESS ACTS TO AID THE Smith. INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM MAR­ funds for the Cost of Living Council for­ bidding the Council to impose discrim­ TRANSCRIPT OF NEWSCAST KETER CRoNKITE. Bebe Robozo's intimate relation­ inatory price regulations on independent ship with President Nixon has caused some petroleum marketers. The amendment questions to be asked about Rebozo's rela­ HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON reads: tionship with the government agency which OP MASSACHUSETTS None of the funds made available by this regulates a major business interest of his. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Act shall be used by the Cost of Living Coun­ Robert Pierpoint looked into 'i;he situation. ROBERT PIERPOINT. Charles G. ••Bebe" Re- Thursday, October 18, 1973 c11 to formulate or carry out a program which discriminates among petroleum marketers in bOZO is President Nixon's closest friend, con­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, for the method of establishing prices for petro­ sidered almost a member of the Nixon family. the last 6 months independent petroleum leum products. A Florida businessman, Rebozo is the chair- October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34769 man of the board and the president of the state savings and loan association charter vestigators that he held the money in a Key Biscayne Bank and Trust Company. Last for the Key. After an initial refusal by the safety deposit box until returning it last year, it was one of the most profitable banks Federal Home Loan Bank Board in Wash­ spring. in the country for its size, earning a net in­ ington for federal insurance required by President Nixon is having a White House come as a percent of capital almost twice the Florida, Wakefield submitted new data al­ dinner tonight in honor o! former Secretary national average. It is also one o! the fastest­ most identical to the population growth of State William Rogers. The list of invited growing banks in a fast-growing area. Its data submitted earlier by the rival bank guests includes former Commerce Secretary assets have almost tripled since 1968. Key group. and Nixon campaign fund raiser, Maurice Biscayne Bank is currently the only financial The construction moratorium having in Stans, who's under federal indictment in New institution on the island. the meantime been lifted, Wakefield's appli­ York in the Vesco case. Because o! the opportunities !or fun in the cation also pointed out the strong need for sun, more and more people are moving to Key mortgage loans on the Key and for another [From the Wall Street Journal, Oct. 15, 1973) Biscayne, and more and more buildings are financial institution to grant them. On July A PLAN FOR A BANK TO COMPETE WITH BEBE being constructed to house them. As Key 19th of this year, the savings and loan in­ REBOZO'S Is BARRED BY UNITED STATES; "IT Biscayne's population keeps growing, so does surance was granted to the Wakefield group, BOILS DOWN TO CLOUT" business here. There are half a dozen hotels, although the Federal Home Loan Bank Board six service sta.tions, !our grocery stores, but says it discourages interlocking directorates. (By Stanley Penn) only one bank. Last year, a groupo! residents With the application to the board was a NEw YoRK.-The Nixon administration has on the Key, dissatisfied with the services lease showing the new Key Biscayne savings done a good turn for one of President's Nix­ offered by the Key Biscayne Bank, decided to and loan will locate next door to the bank. on's dearest friends, Charles (Bebe) Rebozo. organize and try to acquire a charter !or a The building is owned by C. G. Rebozo. Mr. Rebozo runs the only commercial bank new bank, but none o! them had ever !ought Federal Home Loan Bank Board Chairman in the affiuent community of Key Biscayne, a monopoly controlled by a close friend o! a Thomas R. Bomar, a recent Republican ap­ Fla. A rival group, consisting of lawyers and President o! the United States. Here's what pointee, declined to talk to CBS News, but, '6usiness people, tried to start a bank in com­ happened. through an aide, Bomar said he had no need petition with Mr. Rebozo's But the Treasury At the outset, a government official warned to defend the board's decision to grant the Department, through the Comptroller of the they might have what he bluntly called "po­ Wakefield group federal insurance, since it Currency in Washington, last month rejected lit ical problems." There followed a careful in­ ha.d been treated as "a routine case." the group's application for a bank charter. vestigation o! the economic and service needs The federal approval surprised Florida's The rejection came despite a recommenda­ of Key Biscayne by a federal bank examiner, comptroller, who was interviewed by Bruce tion by a hearing examiner last year that the Mr. Richard Sherlock. But in his report, Sher­ Hall. new group be given a charter to compete lock noted that "comments of local residents BRucE HALL. How long has it been since a against Mr. Rebozo. tended to indicate that satisfied business savings and loan association had been ap­ The rival group is bitter. "It boils down to people either owned stock in the existing proved in the state of Florida? who's got the clout,'' charges Mortimer Fried, bank or were taken care of and were afraid FRED DICKINSON (Florida Comptroller). a Key Biscayne lawyer and a member of the to make any adverse comment." Key Biscayne That's an interesting question, Bruce. None group. Bank is operated much more like an invest­ have been approved, since I've been comp­ "The Rebozo bank doesn't meet the com­ ment house than a full-service bank. Partly troller, which has been nine years, until this munity's needs, and it enjoys a monopoly !or that reason, Sherlock concluded, "I! the one. And, we have sent others to the Home position," argues B. Mark Fried, a Spring­ existing bank were responsive to the needs Loan Bank Board, and they've always, per­ field, Va. lawyer, who's another member of o! the community, there would be hardly any functorily or otherwise, finally just turned the investing group. (The Frieds aren't re­ need !or a new bank at all. However, this is them down. lated). not the case." PIERPOINT. The Federal Home Loan Bank Joseph M. Ream, a spokesman for the After a thorough investigation, Sherlock Board's chairman had no explanation for why comptroller, denies the favoritism charge. He recommended that the application for a fed­ Wakefield's group acquired the first fed­ says the application was turned down for eral bank charter be approved. But, in eral insurance in Florida in nine years. Wake­ strictly economic reasons. The Key Biscayne Atlanta, Sherlock's immediate superior, field was asked how he could refute certain population is too small to justify another Joseph M. Ream, reversed the field investi­ data to keep out one financial institution, commercial bank, says Mr. Ream, who's the gator. Ream's disapproval was upheld in and then use essentially the same data to comptroller's Atlanta-based, regional admin­ Washington by the Comptroller of the Cur­ support another. istrator of national banks. rency, William B. Camp. The rival banking THOMAS H. WAKEFIELD (Director, Key Bis­ Mr. Rebozo, for his part, made it quite group then requested, and was granted, the cayne Bank). A savings and loan association clear to federal banking omcial8 that he right to re-submit its application. A public can be founded for probably the same rea­ didn't want a competing bank in his own hearing was held at Atlanta by Regional sons which, if stated for a commercial bank backyard. To dramatize his opposition, he Administrator Ream. Present at the hearing application, might not support a commer­ showed up at public hearings on the matter were officials of the existing Key Biscayne cial bank operation. Now, that's--that's my in Atlanta last June. Bank, the bank's lawyers, and a director, answer to your question, I believe. "Bebe was sitting there right in the front Robert Abplanalp, another close friend of PIERPOINT. What is the relationship of Mr. row,'' Mortimer Fried recalls. President Nixon, as well as Rebozo, himself. Rebozo to this savings and loan group? He's Also attending the hearings in full view of Mr. Fried, what did Mr. Rebozo and Mr. not listed as a founder, I note. banking officials was another of J.!r. Nixon's Abplanalp do during the hearing? WAKEFIELD. No, Mr. Rebozo, as I say, when close friends, Robert Abplanalp, the wealthy MoRT FRIED (rival bank group). Nothing. I first mentioned the board of directors on industrialist. Mr. Abplanalp is a director of Nothing more than I did. We sat there and this bank recognize the need of a savings Mr. Rebozo's bank, according to the comp­ listened, but--it's--it's a different type of and loan, approved the concept the same as troller's office. sitting and a diiferent type of listening, de­ the rest of the board. He has certainly en­ Key Biscayne is a six-mile-long island con­ pending on who you are and where you are. couraged us. He is not a member CYf it. He nected to Miami by a causeway. It has an PIERPOINT. Joseph Ream declined to be did not participate in any phase of my a.ppll­ estimated 8,000 to 9,000 population. Among filmed but denied political pressure. At one cation and its re-consideration. the prominent property owners is Mr Nixon, point, however, Ream told CBS NEWS that, PIERPOINT. Wakefield also declared, "We use who maintains a vacation residence there. with Rebozo's interest in the case, Ream no infiuence whatsoever in keeping out com­ Mr. Rebozo, a companion of the President knew he had a problem. "I was," he said, petition on the Key." when Mr. Nixon is in Key Biscayne, formed "damned if I did and damned if I didn't Rebozo, himself, declined to be interviewed Key Biscayne Bank & Trust Co. in 1964. It grant the charter to a rival bank." He didn't, and would not even return calls from CBS has had a rapid growth, with total assets now and his decision was upheld by the Comp­ NEWS. of about $20 mlllion. troller of the Currency. We have found no concrete evidence that The rival group that got turned down During the time that Rebozo's bank was Rebozo or his associates did anything lllegal largely based its argument on the contention fighting the charter application of a po­ in maintaining their financial monopoly on that Key Biscayne's growth warrants a second tential competitor, its lawyer was a director the Key. But the fact remains that a charter commercial bank. "By the end of the '70s, of the Key Biscayne Bank, Thomas H. Wake­ was granted the savings and loan based on we're projecting a population o! about field. In his letter to federal officials. Wake­ essentially the same da.te on which a che.rter 20,000," says Mortimer Fried. field opposed the new bank, in part, because was denied the rival bank. Don MacFarland, a Key Largo, Fla., inves­ he claimed the resident population growth PIERPOINT. Robert Pierpoint, CBS News, tor in the unsuccessful group, says federal factor of Key Biscayne is vastly exaggerated, Key Biscayne. omcials were asserting that Key Biscayne and added, there is a highly restricted and CRoNKITE. By the way, in another m8/tter wouldn't grow much above 10,000 people. limited growth potential for the area. Wake­ of involving Rebozo, the White House today "That's ridiculous," Mr. MacFarland says. field also cited a moratorium on construc­ said Mr. Nixon was not aware of any con­ Mortimer Fried, who patronizes Mr. Rebo­ tion, "the end of which," he stated, "is not tributions by blllionaire, Howard Hughes. zo's bank, claims the service leaves a lot to in sight." At the same time, however, a group Rebozo reportedly received $100,000 in cash be desired. "You go in there on a Friday headed by Wakefield, and including another from Hughes associates in 1969 and 1970 as around lunch time, there could be 40 to 50 member of the board of the Key Biscayne a contribution to the President, but Rebozo people there, and you find just one teller," Bank, had an application pending for a reportedly has told Senate Watergate in- he says. 34770 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 The rival group also made the point to The a.pplication for a charter was first re­ As the Yom Kippur war nears the end federal oftlcials that Mr. Rebozo's bank is jected by William Camp, then the comp­ of its second week, reports about the allegedly stingy in handing out loans to the troller, earlier this year. tragic conflict in the Middle East be­ needy, including small business loans. The rival group was then granted a. re­ come more ominous with new evidence Thomas Wakefield, vice chairman of Mr. consideration, only to be turned down laSt Rebozo's bank, denies it. "We make 95% of month by Comptroller Smith. of Soviet involvement. We know that the all loans requested," he says. "We advertise Mr. Ream said he opposed the applica­ Soviet Union has been airlifting enor­ heavily in Key Biscayne. The whole area. is tion both times. mous supplies of sophisticated arms and statistically proven to be high income, and equipment to Egypt and Syria. We know the end result 1s you don't have a. high loan COMMITTEE ON BANKING that the Soviet Union's fleet is massing demand for our area.." AND CURRENCY, in the Mediterranean. If another commercial bank came in, Mr. Hon. JAMES E. SMITH, Rumors of impending peace proposals Wakefield charges, neither bank would make Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and formulas for achieving a settlement any money. Washington, D.C. Mr. Ream, the regional administrator for DEAR JIM: As you are aware, the news are also increasing, and these are wel­ the comptroller, concedes that a local exam­ media has reported major questions about a come. A protracted war would mean in­ iner found in favor of the rival group when it charter application for a national bank to credible suffering and sacrifice for the first applied for a. charter. "But a. charter compete with the Key Biscayne Bank and people involved and would also escalate application goes through five levels"-two in Trust Company headed by C. G. Rebozo. the threat of an international con­ Atlanta., including the local examiner, and If the news reports are correct, the appli­ flagration. The Israelis, who are fighting three levels in Washington before a. decision cation of the rival group has been faced with for the survival of their nation, have is made by the comptroller. several conflicting decisions at various levels Mr. Ream says that William Camp, then within the Comptroller's office. The end re­ made abundantly clear their basic posi­ the comptroller, rejected the first applica­ sult has been the rejection of the application tion; they are willing to negotiate, but tion. The rival group sought-and was leaving the Rebozo bank as the sole commer­ the security of Israel must be para­ granted-a reconsideration. cial bank in the immediate area.. mount. During the second go-round, a. different The news reports, which emanate from As Israeli Foreign Minister Abba Eban local examiner looked into the matter. He various media, raise very serious questions said at the United Nations yesterday: recommended against the group. Mr. Ream, which I feel must be answered both in the who opposed the application the first time, interests of the public and the integrity of If you want to know what we will give for says he was against it when the group reap­ the Comptroller's office. At this point, I do a peace agreement, then we will certainly be plied. James Smith, the current comptroller, not have any data. wh!ch would either refute ready for the most substantial compromises, then rejected the second application. or support the position taken by your office provided that our basic security is not af­ Mr. Ream is quick to admit that this was and I am in no way prejudging the case. fected. a. hot potato. "We pored over this. We knew In the past, when these questions have While everything must be done to we'd be damned 1f we do, and damned 1f we been raised about charters, this Committee don't," he says. Mr. Ream adds the comp­ has taken the position that it should review promote a peaceful settlement, we dare troller's omce has been sued "innumerable the pertinent facts and I feel that it is im­ not relax in our determination to main­ times" over the granting and nongra.ntlng of portant that we do so in this instance. There­ tain our commitment to the sovereignty, charters. "We've never lost a case," he says. fore, I am requesting that your office furnish independence, and preservation of the me with the entire file on this application State of Israel. Our Government has now [From the Wall Street Journal, Oct. 18, 1978) and the letters and records of telephone calls rightfully decided to continue supplying NIXON AmES DENY ROLE IN RULING BARRING which bear on the case in any way and which Israel's defense forces, whose arms, air­ BANK RIVALING REBOZO'S BANK would indicate what outside contracts, if craft, and material have been depleted Presidential spokesman Gerald Warren said any, were made with the Comptroller's omce, as a result of the Arab aggression. Under there was "no White House involvement at any level, concerning this application. You are acquainted with the news stories existing legislation, which authorizes the whatsoever "in the Comptroller of the Cur­ President to transfer to Israel by credit rency's rejection of an application by a. group and the television broadcasts in the past of businessmen and attorneys to open a. new few days and I would hope, in addition to the sale whatever arms may be needed to en­ Florida. bank in Key Bisoa.yne to compete raw file, you would respond to the questions able Israel to defend itself, we are help­ with a. bank headed by Charles (Bebe) Re­ raised in these news articles in the fullest ing Israel to the material without which bozo, President Nixon's close friend. manner possible. I am enclosing a copy of its survival would be jeopardized and its On Monday, this newspaper reported that a story which appears in the Wall Street negotiating position hopelessly com­ Journal and I also call your attention to the the rival group's application was turned down promi~ed. A clear statement by the last month by Comptroller James Smith de­ CBS Evening News program of October 15. In conclusion, I am requesting that you House in support of that position, as spite an earlier recommendation by a bank proposed in this resolution, is of the ut­ examiner in Mla.ml that a charter to form produce for the Committee the fullest re­ a new national bank be granted. Mr. Re­ port possible on the reason why this appli­ most importance. bozo's Key Biscayne Bank & Trust Co. 1S cation for a rival bank was turned down by It is also important not to let ourselves the only commercial bank on the island, you and your predecessor and why the earlier be blackmailed by the statement of the which is connected to Miami by a cause­ decisions at lower levels in the Comptroller's Arab oil-producing nations yesterday way. office were reversed and what economic data. that they are cutting oil exports by 5 Tuesday, Wright Patman, chairman of the is available to support the decisions. Sincerely, percent a month. There is no need for House Banking and Currency Committee, any alarm about this particular threat. asked Comptroller Smith to turn over the WRIGHT PATMAN, whole file in connection with the applica­ Chairman. The fact is that less than three percent tion's rejection. The comptroller's omce, an of oil consumption by the United States, agency of the Treasury Department, regu­ about 620,000 barrels a day, comes from lates na. tiona! banks. Arab producers. Just recently the Treas­ Mortimer Fried, a Key Biscayne attorney OUR COMMITMENT TO ISRAEL ury Department, issued a statement that who was a member of the group that sought if the American public took steps to cut to form a competing bank, has charged that back on energy waste, "savings could favoritism was responsible for his group los­ HON. BELLAS. ABZUG amount to the equivalent of about 3 mil­ ing out. "It bolls down to who's got the OF NEW YORK lion barrels of oil a day. clout," he said. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The comptroller's omce has contended that While taking every necessary measure Key Biscayne doesn't have a big enough Thursday, October 18, 1973 to guarantee the survival and security of population to justify a second commercial Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, I hope there Israel, the United States must use its bank. The Rebozo bank, formed in 1964, has will be speedy House action on a resolu­ good offices, in conjunction with other total assets of about $20 million. interested governments, to support the In another development, a regional ad­ tion introduced today, which I am co­ ministrator in the comptroller's Atlanta of­ sponsoring, calling on the U.S. Govem­ search for a peaceful and lasting solu­ fice conceded he'd been in error when he ment to maintain Israel's deterrent tion in the Middle East. The American previously told this newspaper that although strength and provide her with Phantom people have long been steadfast friends one examiner had favored the application aircraft and other equipment necessary of the courageous Israelis, who built a another examiner had later opposed it. to repel the surprise aggression by the greS~t and democratic nation with the "I was wrong," said Joseph M. Ream, the strength of a people who suffered the In­ regional administrator. "I didn't have the :fUe Arab nations and to offset the massive at the time, and I was talking from memory. airlift of supplies to Egypt and Syria by credible agonies of nazism and who are Both ex.am.lners did recommend approval." the Soviet Union. determined to survive. We must rea.ffirm October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34771 our commitment to that humanitarian The major difierence between the bills pursuant to certain mergers and consolida­ goal and to the secure existence of Israel. is that H.R. 14 and H.R. 21 would allow tions, 37 F.R. 15000, 25818; The text of the resolution follows: the CPA to appeal to the courts the final 2. Addition of new sections to Title 12 of H. RES. 613 actions, including inactions, of other the Code of Federal Regulations setting forth the eligibility, pursuant to request, of cer­ Resolution to seek peace in the Middle East agencies; the Fuqua-Brown bill would tain securities for purchase, dealing in and to continue to support Israel's deter­ not grant such an extraordinary power underwriting and anllm1ted holding by na­ rent strength through transfer of Phan­ to the nonregulatory CPA. tional banks under paragraph Seventh of 12 tom aircraft and other military supplies In this regard, it should be noted that, U.S.C. 24, 37 F.R. 21622; Resolved, Whereas the people of the United not counting refusals to act and other 3. Adoption of amendments to Part 9, States deplore the outbreak of hostilities in inactions, under all bills except the Fu­ Chapter 1 of Title 12 of the Code of Federal the Middle East and earnestly hope that Regulations dealing with the application for peace may be negotiated in that area; and qua-Brown bill- The Federal Home Loan Bank Board exercise of fiduciary powers by national Whereas the President is supporting a banks pursuant to 12 U.S.C. 92a, 37 F.R. strong and secure Israel as essential to the reports that all of its final actions would 24161. interests of the United States; and be subject to CPA court appeal; QUESTIONS TWO THROUGH FIVE Whereas the armed forces of Egypt and FDIC makes a similar statement, cit­ None. Syria launched an attack against Israel shat­ ing the Administrative Procedure Act, QUESTION SIX tering the 1967 cease fire; and but also notes specifically that the 85- Whereas Israel refrained from acting pre­ The following is a representative list of emptively in its own defense; and bank merger approval and 10 cease-and­ public and nonpublic activities of the type desist order actions taken by it in 1972 proposed or initiated by this Office during Wherec:~.s the Soviet Union, having heavily calendar year 1972: armed the Arab countries with the equip­ would be appealable by the CPA under ment needed to start this war, is continuing its organic statute. Proceedings to amend, revise, delete or a massive airlift of sophisticated military The Comptroller of the Currency spe­ alter the folloWing regulations: equipment to Egypt and Syria; and 1. Investment securities. cifically lists, for 1972, 1,443 application 2. Loans secured or covered by government Whereas Public Law 91-441 authorizes the actions, 147 reorganization actions, 18 guaranties. President to transfer to Israel by credit sale such arms as may be needed to enable Israel conversion actions and 125 Freedom of 3. Supplemental application procedures for ro defend itself. THEREFORE BE IT RE­ Information Act actions which would charter, branches, mergers and relocations. have been appealable by CPA, and 4. Loans secured by obllgations of the SOLVED THAT: United States. It is the sense of the House that the The Federal Reserve did not respond 5. Interpretive Rulings. President, acting in accordance with the an­ to the question. 6. Fiduciary powers of national banks; nounced policy of the United States Govern­ As indicated in the responses, many collective investment funds. ment to maintain Israel's deterrent strength, of these CPA appealable actions, by 7. Securities Act disclosure rules. and under existing authority should continue 8. Ownership reports. to transfer to Israel the Phantom aircraft statute, would have to be resolved by de novo court review. That is, the court 9. Employee stock option and stock pur­ and other equipment in the quantities chase plan. needed by Israel to repel the attack and to would be forced, in efiect, to act as an offset the military equipment and supplies administrative agency and come to a 10. Changes in capital structure. 11. Reports of change in controlling own­ furnished to the Arab states by the Soviet final decision on the matter when the ership. Union. CPA appealed. 12. Offering circulars---..capital debentures Mr. Speaker, for the important reasons and new ba.nk securities. already stated, I ask unanimous consent 13. Required notification to nominate bank CPA AND THE BANKING to have printed in the RECORD the re­ directors. REGULATORS sponses from these four agencies de­ 14. Form and content of financial state­ lineating the various categories of their ments. 15. Cease and desist orders; rules and pro­ 1972 proceedings and activities that cedures. HON. DON FUQUA would have been subject to CPA advocacy 16. International operations. OF FLORIDA under the three pending CPA bills. 17. Minimum security devices and proce­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The responses follow: dures. Hearings held at the request of an, in­ Wednesday, October 17, 1973 THE ADMINISTRATOR OF terested party on appllcations to: NATIONAL BANKS, Mr. FUQUA. Mr. SJ1eaker, I wish to 1. Charter national banks. Washington, D.C., October 1, 1973. 2. Merge, consolldate with or purchase the continue in my attempt at clarifying the Hon. DoN FuQuA, assets of another bank where the resulting impact of the pending Consumer Pro­ House of Representatives bank is a na tiona.I bank. tection Agency on Federal agencies most Washington, D.C. 3. Establish branches. DEAR MR. FuQuA: This is in reply to your likely to be subject to the new unit's 4. Relocate offices of national banks. advocacy powers as defined in the three letter of September 7, 1973, requesting cer­ Informal Activities: tain factual information in connection with bills now before the Government Opera­ several pending bills (H.R. 14, 21, 564) which 1. Preparation of competitive factor re­ tions Subcommittee on which I serve. would create an independent consumer pro­ ports issued pursuant to section 3 (b) of the As you may remember, yesterday I set Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 aa tection agency (CPA). In order to avoid the amended (12 U.S.C. 1842(b)). ' forth the proceedings of the Cost of delay which would necessarily be incurred if this Office were to comment upon or make 2. Proceedings necessary to enforce com­ Living Council, a small agency, that pliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act would be subject to the CPA's advocacy recommendations concerning this important (15 U.S.C. 1681, et seq.). powers as proposed in the bills. legislation, our response is herein 11mited to Today, I shall also be concerned with supplying the factual data requested. Crea­ QUESTION SEVEN tion of a CPA could bring about important The following is a summary representation four relatively small agencies: The Office changes in the operations of the three fed­ of an those actions taken by the Comptrol­ of the Comptroller of the Currency; the eral banking agencies, and this is particularly ler's Office in 1972, with certain exceptions, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; true of the Comptroller's supervisory func­ which might have been reviewed by the the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, and tions. We therefore appreciate the opportu­ courts. It should be noted that it is assumed, the Board of Governors of the Federal nity to comment upon and make recom­ solely for the purpose of answering your in­ Reserve System. mendations concerning the proposed legisla­ quiry, that petitioners for review in each in­ As mentioned yesterday, to increase tion and herewith reserve our right to do so stance would meet the requisite standing re­ at a subsequent date. quirements to seek judicial review: perspective and avoid undue speculation, The following is a question-by-question I have asked the selected agencies to list response to your inquiries: Applications for: Charters (de novo)------­ those actual proceedings undertaken last QUESTION ONE 144 year that would be subject to CPA ad­ Branches (de novo>------­ 1,041 The following items subject to 5 U.S.C. f:53 Relocations ------1 200 vocacy under the various bills. were proposed by this Office during calendar Mergers ------61 The bills being considered by us are year 1972: Reorganizations: 1. An amendment to the Securties Act H.R. 14 by Congressman RoSENTHAL, H.R New banks ------80 21 by Congressmen HoLIFIELD and HoR­ disclosure rules regarding the exemption "Phantom" banks ------67 from § 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act Conversions ------­ 18 TON, and H.R. 564 by Congressman of 1934 {short swing profit prohibition) of Requests for information under the BROWN of Ohio and myself. disposition of securities of national banks Freedom of Information Act______2 125 34772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS October 18, 1973 We trust this letter has been responsive to (1) Conducting regular and special exami­ tions of associations during 1972. These in­ your inquiry. nations of insured banks. vestigations include the authority to issue Very truly yours, (2) Instituting proceedings to correct un­ subpoenas and to administer oaths so that JAMES E. SMITH, safe or unsound practices of insured non­ witnesses could be compelled to testify con­ Comptroller of the Currency. member banks. cerning the affairs of the association or their (3) Determining the eligiblllty of State­ part in transactions affecting the association FOOTNOTES chartered nonmember banks for deposit under investigation. As a. direct result of 1 Figures for relocations are not available these investigations, the Board issued eight at this time, so in the interest of speedy insurance. (4) Authorizing certain bank mergers and final cease-and-desist orders and one officer reply, an estimate is presented. removal order. Four other investigations re­ 11 This Office does not maintain figures on the establishment of branches by insured State nonmember banks. sulted in negotiated agreements or other in­ the total number of requests received under formal actions. The remainder either resulted the Freedom of Information Act or their dis­ QUESTION 7 in no action, because of inconclusive evi­ position. In answer to a. Freedom of Infor­ As regards the request for all final appeal­ dence, or are in various stages of comple­ mation Act Inquiry from the House Foreign able actions taken by the Corporation 1n tion. Operations and Government Information 1972, we would note that the Administrative Subcommittee 1n September 1971, this Of­ QUESTION 4 Procedure Act permits any final agency ac­ What adjudications under any provision fice conducted a search of its records and tion to be appealed by anyone adversely af­ found that approximately 100 formal re­ of 5 U.S.C. Chapter 5 seeking primarily to fected on the grounds that the action was impose directly (without court action) a. fine, quests were received for the period July 4, "arbitrary, capricious [or] an abuse of dis­ 1970, through July 4, 1971. penalty or forfeiture were proposed or ini­ cretion" (5 U.S.C. 701-06). With respect to tiated by your agency during calendar year those final actions which are appealable FEDERAL DEPOSIT 1972? under a. specific statutory provision, the During 1972 the Federal Home Loan Bank INSURANCE CORPORATION, FDIC approved 85 proposed bank mergers washington, D.C., September 20, 1973. Board neither proposed nor initiated any ad­ which are subject to de novo court review judicative procedures which fit this descrip­ Hon. DoN FuQuA, if challenged under the antitrust laws (12 House of Representatives tion. U.S.C. 1828(c)). The 10 cease-and-desist QUESTION 5 Washington, D.C. orders issued by the Corporation under sec­ DEAR MR. FuQUA: By letter dated Septem­ tion 8 (b) of the FDI Act would also be ap­ Excluding proceedings subject to 5 U.S.C. ber 7, 1973 you requested that the Corpora­ pealable. 554, 556 and 557, what proceedings on the tion answer seven questions concerning its record after an opportunity for hearing did We hope the foregoing information wlll your agency propose or initiate during calen­ activities during the calendar year 1972 1n be of assistance to you. order to provide information for the cur­ dar year 1972? Sincerely, During 1972 the Board acted on 1,103 ap­ rent hearings on the proposed independent FRANK WILLIE, Chairman. Consumer Protection Agency. plications for the creation of, or for signi­ The nature of bank supervision is such ficant changes in the operation or structure that resort by the Corporation to adjudica­ FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK BOARD, of, Federal and insured savings and loan as­ tive proceedings under the Administrative Washington, D.C. sociations. These activities are detailed in At­ Procedure Act (APA) seldom occurs. We Hon. DoN FuQuA, tachment "B". While these proceedings are are usually able to discover potentially un­ U.S. House of Representatives, not covered by the provision.e of the A.P .A., safe or unsound practices at an early stage Washington, D.C. Chapter 5 of Title 5 of the U.S. Code, Board through the ongoing bank examination DEAR MR. FuQuA: In response to your letter regulations do provide for an administrative process, and voluntary remedial action is of September 7, 1973, requesting information hearing before a. supervisory agent with an often undertaken by the bank before any regarding the administrative activities of the opportunity for an oral presentation of argu­ for~nal enforcement proceedings are neces­ Federal Home Loan Bank Board, we are sub­ ments. sary. We are nevertheless responding to your mitting the following information: QUESTION 8 inquiry with the relevant factual informa­ QUESTION 1 Wlll you please furnish me with a. list of tion we do have. What regulations, rules, rates or policy in­ representative public and nonpubllc activi­ QUESTION 1 terpretations subject to 5 U.S.C. 553 (the Ad­ ties proposed or initiated by your agency The Corporation proposed three regula­ ministrative Procedures Act notice and com­ during calendar year 1972? tions for comment under the notice and ment ruleinaklng provisions) were proposed (a) The Office of Finance established and comment provisions of the APA (5 U.S.C. by your agency during calendar year 1972? implemented during 1972 a. new investment A complete listing of these actions can be policy which allows the Federal Home Loan 563) 1n 1972. Regulations were proposed to Banks a. diverse range of investments, includ­ further implement the nondiscrimination found in Attachment "A.'' The list is sub­ divided as follows: ( 1) proposals ca.rred over ing additional money market instruments. requirements in residential lending, to per­ (b) During 1972 the respon.eib111ty for co­ mit FDIC employees to own shares of mutual from earlier years, (2) proposals made during 1972-without final adoption, and (3) propo­ ordinating, planning, and establishing ac­ funds which hold the stock of insured banks, counting and auditing policies was cen­ and to revise the provision relating to the sals made and finalized during 1972. In sum­ mary, there was a. total of 88 proposals con­ tralized in the Chief Accountant's omce, of valuation of trust interests for purposes of the Office of Examinations and Supervision. deposit insurance coverage. sidered during 1972, of which 60 were fina.lly adopted. These policies cover the auditing and report­ QUESTION 2 QUESTION 2 ing practices for savings and loan association& No regulations subject to the on-the-rec­ in connection with their annual audit re­ ord rulemaking provisions of section 6 What regulations, rules, rates, or policy in­ ports and certain required financial reporU!. and 7 of the APA (5 U.S.C. 656 and 557) were terpretations subject to 5 U.S.C. 656 and 657 (c) There were 15 new registrations of sav­ (that is, A.P.A. rulemaking on the record) ings and loan holding companies during 1972 proposed in 1972. were proposed or initiated by your agency QUESTIONS 3 AND 4 and 9 deregistrations. Appllcatlons to acquire during calendar year 1972? 25 insured associations were processed for The only administrative adjudications During 1972, the Federal Home Loan Bank under the APA proposed by the Corpora­ review and decision by the Federal Home Board initiated no proceedings which were Loan Bank Board; 24 applications for holding tion during calendar year 1972 are as follows: subject to sections 556 or 557 of Title 5 of (1) The Corporation initiated five termi­ companies and their nonsa.vings and loan the U.S. Code involving regulations, rates or subsidiaries to borrow funds were consid­ nation-of-deposit-insurance proceedings policy interpretations. ered and approved; and 91 applications for against Insured banks pursuant to section QUESTION 3 8 (a.) of the Federal Deposit Insurance transactions with affiliates were approved by Excluding proceedings 1n which your agen­ District Office Supervisory Agents. (FDI) Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(a.)). (d) The Otnce of the Federal Savings and (2) The Corporation initiated 10 cease­ cy sought primarily to impose directly (with­ out court action) a fine, penalty or forfeiture, Loan Insurance Corporation is primarily re­ and-desist proceedings against insured non­ sponsible for furnishing financial assistance member banks pursuant to section 8 (b) of what administrative adjudications (includ­ ing llcensing proceedings) subject to 5 U.S.C. such as insurance payouts, loans, contribu­ the FDI Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(b)). tions, and purchases of assets of problem in­ (3) The Corporation initiated one Notice 556 and 557 were proposed or initiated by your agency during calendar year 1972? stitutions. The Corporation, as receiver, is of Removal against an otncer of an insured Under the provisions of the Financial In­ now managing the liquidation of five de­ nonmember bank pursuant to 8(e) of the stitutions Supervisory Act of 1966, the Fed­ faulted associations. FDI Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(g)). eral Home Loan Bank Board has the power (e) In 1972, the Otnce of Economic Re­ QUESTION 5 to oversee various aspects of the operations search continued its policy, originated in The Corporation proposed no proceedings of Federal savings and loan associations and 1969, of disseminating the findings of its re­ on the record other than those mentioned institutions the accounts of which are in­ search very quickly to the Board, District in the answers to questions 3 and 4. sured by the Federal Savings and Loan In­ Banks, and others through a. series of work­ ing papers. These papers summarize the work QUESTION 6 surance Corporation. Based on recommenda­ The following is a Ust of representative tions and examination reports from the field, done by OER staff econoinlsts on housing problems related to the mission of the Agen- activities of the FDIC during 1972: the Board authorized 34 formal investiga- October 18, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 34773 cy and are reproduced at the Board for dis­ then we would recommend the insertion of easier for "prison guards to bait and pressure tribution to all who desire the information. the following language on page 19, line 10, us." At yearend, there was a total of 41 staff by deleting the period and inserting: YAKm DENOUNCED working papers on hand. In addition, OER , except when the agency for good cause They also denounced the former dissident publishes "invited" working papers, produced finds that such intervention or participation Pyotr Yakir, who last month pleaded guilty by researchers outside the Agency. is impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary with Vlktor Krasln to anti-Soviet activities QUESTION 7 to the public interest. and displayed his wlllingness to recant his Excluding actions designed primarily to "To be consistent, the same language beliefs at a Press conference for Soviet and impose a fine penalty or forfeiture, what final should be inserted on line 8, page 22. foreign journalists. actions taken by your agency in calendar year "Also, the following should be inserted on Both were sentenced to three years im­ 1972 could have been appealed to the courts line 17, page 18, after striking the period: prisonment to be followed by three in exile. for review by anyone under a statutory pro­ in accordance with subsection (c) below. Later, on appeal, their prison sentences were vision or judicial interpretation? "For further substantive commentary on cut drastically and later this month they Given the normal requirements, such as the three bills, the Board defers to the Office are expected to start their period of exile in standing and case or controversy, virtually, if of Management and Budget and other Execu­ Siberia. not actually, all of the final administrative tive Branch agencies. We appreciate the op­ The 16 prisoners comment: "We are taking actions taken, as described in the answers to portunity you have afforded us to comment this precious occasion to reject before the the questions above, could have been ap­ on these bills, and express the hope that whole world the lies of the traitor Pyotr Yakir pealed. our comments will prove useful to you and about the actions in the Soviet Union of the I hope the foregoing information adequate­ your committee in the consideration of this democratic movement. Hundreds of political ly responds to the questions you raised. Please important legislation." prisoners have not chang£:d their democratic call on me if you require any further in­ I hope the foregoing information will prove convictions and believe that the cause of formation. helpful to you and the other members of democracy in the Soviet Union will win. Sincerely, the Subcommittee. Please let me know if I One of those who has signed the letter is THOMAS R. BoMAR. can be of further assistance. Simas Kudlrka, the Lithuanian sailor who Sincerely yours, jumped from his ship onto an American ROBERT L. CARDON, Coastguard vessel off the New England coast BOARD OF. GOVERNORS, Assistant to the Board. in 1970. He was handed back by the Ameri­ FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM, can ship and is now serving a ten-year sen­ Washington, D.C., September 27,1973. tence at the camp. Hon. DoN FuQUA, Another letter handed to Western corres­ House of Representatives, pondents yesterday was signed by Vladimir Washington, D.C. VOTES FOR FREEDOM FROM A SO­ VIET FORCED LABOR CAMP Osipov, who has served a seven year sentence DEAR MR. FuQUA: I am writing in response for his involvement in the underground to your letter of September 7 concerning H.R. newspaper Phoenix in the early Sixties. 14, 21, and 564, bills which would create a He appealed to amnesty international to Consumer Protection Agency within the Ex­ HON. ROBERT J. HUBER OF MICHIGAN intervene over Soviet political prisoners. He ecutive Branch. gave the names of 63 persons detained for Because hearings by the Subcommittee on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their political beliefs. Legislation and Mil1tary Operations have begun, we have not undertaken the exten­ Thursday, October 18, 1973 sive research which would be necessary to Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, support for answer precisely each of the questions you the efforts of Andrei Sakharov in his raised in your letter. We are, instead, sup­ PROTECTING THE INTEGRITY OF plying information which we believe will be fight for human freedom and dignity in PRIVATE PENSION PLANS generally responsive to your inquiry. the Soviet Union came to light recently Enclosed are: in Moscow. The London Dally Telegraph 1. A copy of the Board's 1972 Annual Re­ of October 12, 1973, reports that a letter port, which contains on pp. 67-103 a section signed by 16 political dissidents lodged HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK entitled, "Record of Policy Actions of the in one of the more notorius forced labor OF OHIO Board of Governors." This section describes camps in Perm reached Moscow and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the regulations issued by the Board last year, Western newsmen. Most significant, in giving a good indication of the scope of the Thursday, October 18, 1973 Board's regulatory activities. my view, is the fact Simas Kudirka, the Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, a grow­ 2. A list of proceedings and activities of Lithuanian sailor we turned back to the ing percentage of the American labor the Board which would be affected by one or Soviets in 1970 was among the signers force is being covered by private pension more of the pending bills. of this letter. plans. The expansion of these plans to Finally, I should like to quote an excerpt Therefore, I feel that my House con­ from a letter dated April 12 which the Board current resolution granting Sakharov uncovered workers should be encouraged. sent to Chairman Holifield in response to and Solzhenitsyn honorary U.S. citizen­ These private pensions have enabled his request for comment on the pending bills. many people to enjoy a more fruitfUl re­ "Another area of concern to the Board is ship can become more than just a ges­ tirement. the power granted the new agency to inter­ ture in these times and play a role in At the present time more than 30 mil­ vene in the proceedings of other Federal achieving real detente. lion Americans are covered by private agencies. Both bills would allow the Con­ The newspaper article follows: pension plans. It is expected by 1980 that sumer Protection Agency to intervene in [From the (London) Dally Telegraph, more than 42 million workers will be the formal rulemaking proceedings of other Oct.12, 1973] covered. Today more than $8 billion in agencies, the kinds that are conducted on SOVIET LABOUR CAMP BACKING FOR 8AKHAROV the record with an opportunity for a hear­ benefits are paid ·to approximately 6 mil­ ing. But H.R. 14 would go further, and allow . (By Tony Conyers in Moscow) lion retirees. Voluntary private pension the new agency to intervene in less formal A letter smuggled from a Soviet labour plans are now making contributions to proceedings as well. This authority, if given camp and signed by 16 political dissidents the retirement security of about 50 per­ to the new agency, would present very seri­ backs Academican Andrei Sakharov, the Rus­ cent of the private nonfarm labor force. ous problems to the Board. There are cer­ sian nuclear physicist, in his fight for human rights and freedom in the Soviet Union. It is estimated that this figure will reach tain actions the Board takes, such as setting 60 percent by 1980. margin requirements for the purchase of It reached Western correspQndents yester­ securities on credit, and approving changes day through dissident sources, who said it With the growing number of plans, it in the discount rate at Reserve Banks, which had been brought to Moscow from Perm, is important that the rights of the work­ are directly related to the Board's respon­ one of the most notorious labour camps in ers covered be protected. It is also im­ siblUties in the area of monetary policy. In­ the country. portant that encouragement be given to tervention by the new agency in the proc­ It lies in the foothllls of the Urals, some the continued growth of plans and im­ esses which lead to such action would de­ 700 miles north-east of Moscow, which In the days of Stalinism was a sprawling camp provement of benefits. To further these stroy the confidentiality which is essential ends, the House Education and Labor for the conduct of monetary policy and empire. One of those who was detained there would severely impair the Board's capacity was Anatolv Marchenko, author of "My Testi­ Committee on which I serve has been in­ for timely, decisive action. mony"-a harrowing account of camp con­ vestigating pension reform legislation for "The Board supports the provisions of ditions. the past 4 years. The bill that we have H.R. 21, which would limit the new agency The prisoners' letter condemns the recent reported out of committe&-H.R. 2-is to intervening in formal rulemaking or ad­ campaign 1n the Soviet Press v1111!ying Sak­ much superior to H.R. 4200 which has judicatory proceedings. However, if the harov, and claims that all those Soviet citi­ already been passed by the Senate. committee adopts the approach of H.R. 14, zens who participated in it had made it A number of people who depend upon CXIX--2191-Part 27

• 34774 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE October 23, 1973 profit-sharing plans to help finance their periods of service with an employer. This minations with the approval of the Sec­ retirement programs have rightfully bill also requires plans to meet minimum retary of Labor; been concerned about the effects that standards of funding. These two provi­ Third, to provide fund distribution pri­ H.R. 4200 would have on their plans. sions by requiring stringent vesting and orities on termination so there will be a H.R. 4200 would seriously hurt the pen­ funding standards negate the need for more equitable distribution of all assets; sion plans which use _profit sharing pro­ plan termination insurance which un­ Fourth, to prevent "raiding" of assets ceeds. Sears, J. C. Penney, General Mills fortunately is also contained in the bill. by participants who leave the plan. and many old companies have estab­ Although legislation cannot eliminate I will continue to work to maintain the lished excellent records in this area and all pension plan terminations, possible integrity of the private pension system. should be encouraged rather than legis­ losses by any such termination would be No bill passed by the Congress should latively discouraged to continue these drastically reduced by including provi­ have the eiiect of reducing those contri­ fine practices. sions in the bill: butions or limiting the size of pensions Protection of the rights of those work­ First, to prevent dilution of benefit se­ that workers may obtain. Private pension ers presently covered is assured in H.R. curity in business acquisition and merger plans are worthwhile. More and better 2. This bill requires vesting the accrued situations; plans should be encouraged to be devel­ benefits of employees with significant Second, to provide for partial plan ter- oped.

SENATE-Tuesday, October 23, 1973 The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon and two areas where stability is vital if we are The United States is making every was called to order by the Acting Presi­ to build a global structure of peace. eiiort to bring this conflict to a very dent pro tempore (Mr. METCALF) . For more than a quarter of a century, swift and honorable conclusion, meas­ as strategic interests of the major ured in days not weeks. But prudent PRAYEJ.{ powers have converged there, the Middle planning also requires us to prepare for The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward East has been a fiashpoint for potential a longer struggle. I am therefore re­ L. R. Elson, D.D., oiiered the following world conflict. Since war broke out again questing that the Congress approve prayer: on October 6, bringing tragedy to the emergency assistance to Israel in the people of Israel and the Arab nations amount of $2.2 billion. If the conflict Eternal Father, unto whom in all ages alike, the United States has been actively moderates, or as we fervently hope, is men have lifted up their hearts in prayer, engaged in eiiorts to contribute to a brought to an end very quickly, funds as we draw near to Thee, draw near to settlement. Our actions there have re­ not absolutely required would of course us. We know not what to ask, but we trust flected my belief that we must take those not be expended. Thee, and Thou knowest what we need­ steps which are necessary for maintain­ I am also requesting $200 million clean hands and pure hearts-goodness ing a balance of military capabilities and emergency assistance for Cambodia. As and grace and wisdom. Come upon this achieving stability in the area. The re­ in the case of Israel, additional funds Nation at this moment of dismay, dis­ quest I am submitting today would give are urgently needed for ammunition and appointment, and distress. Give to it a us the essential flexibility to continue consumable military supplies. The In­ new sense of purposeful direction. Grant meeting those responsibilities. creased requirement results from the enabling grace to the President, the Con­ To maintain a balance of forces and larger scale of hostilities and the higher gress, and all in authority, that they may thus achieve stability, the United States levels of ordnance required by the Cam­ unite their best efforts for the health Government is currently providing mili­ bodian Army and Air Force to defend and strength of the Nation and for peace tary material to Israel to replace combat themselves without American air sup­ and justice in the world. losses. This is necessary to prevent the port. We pray in His name who came to emergence of a substantial imbalance The end of United States bombing on serve and give Himself for others. Amen. resulting from a large-scale resupply August 15 was followed by increased of Syria and Egypt by the Soviet Union. communist activity in cambodia. In the MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT The costs of replacing consumables ensuing fight, the Cambodian forces RECEIVED DURING ADJOURNMENT and lost equipment for the Israeli Armed acquitted theiW5elves well. They succe&s­ Forces have been extremely high. Com­ fully defended the capital of Phnom Penh Under authority of the order of the bat activity has been intense, and losses and the provincial center of Kampen~ Senate of October 18, 1973, the Secretary on both sides have been large. During Cham, as well as the principal supply of the Senate, on October 18 and 19, 1973, the first 12 days of the conflict, the routes. Although this more intense level received messages from the President of United States has authorized shipments of fighting h~ tapered off somewhat the United States. to Israel of material costing $825 mU­ during the current rainy season, it is lion, including transportation. virtually certain to resume when the dry Major items now being furnished by season begins about the end of the year. EMERGENCY SECURITY ASSIST­ the United States to the Israeli forces During the period of heaviest fighting ANCE FOR ISRAEL AND CAM­ include conventional munitions of many in August and September, ammunition BODIA-MESSAGE FROM THE types, air-to-air and air-to-ground mis­ 'Costs for the Cambodian forces were run­ PRESIDENT siles, artUlery, crew-served and individ­ ning almost $1 million per day. We antic­ ual weapons, and a standard range of ipate similar average costs for the re­ The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- . fighter aircraft ordnance. Additionally, mainder of this fiscal year. These ammu­ pore