DOCSLIB.ORG

CALIFORNIA Regional Haze SIP Development Progress Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
CALIFORNIA Regional Haze SIP Development Progress Report CALIFORNIA Regional Haze SIP Development Progress Report IWG Meeting Portland, Oregon August 29-31, 2006 HIGHLIGHTS • Federal Land Managers • IMPROVE • BART • Interstate Consultation • Interstate Transport • Reasonable Progress FEDERAL LAND MANAGERS • Intra-State Consultation • Bi-Annual Meetings • Regional Haze Teach-In IMPROVE MONITORING • Match Air Basins • Similar Elevations • Reasonable Distance • Future Growth and Land Use • Research Value • Rank Importance BART-eligible FACILITIES • Possibly 30 facilities outside the SJV and SC • Sixteen BART categories • RACT and rule stringency • Q/D elimination, then Subject-to-BART modeling • Title V permits • TPY reductions minimal FAR NORTHERN CALIFORNIA concentration extinction REDWOODS • Species Analysis Coastal Avg. Worst 18.45 dv – Haze Drivers – Seasonality TRINITY – Concentration Remote Forest Coast Range (lee) – Extinction Avg. Worst 16.32 dv • Geography LAVA BEDS Inland Plain – Terrain Avg. Worst 15.05 dv – Meteorology LASSEN VOLCANIC – Regional vs. Local Western Base of Mountain – Proximity to eight Avg. Worst 14.15 dv Class 1 Areas FAR NORTHERN ISSUES • Surrounding Land Use - Natural - Anthropogenic - Transport (Pacific, OR, WA, NV, Asia) • Species Reductions –Nitrates, sulfates, woodsmoke •Long-Term Strategy – Smoke Management – On/Off Road Mobile - BART - SB 656 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA • Species Analysis – Nitrates, Sulfates, OC, Coarse Mass, EC • Attribution – Mobile Sources primarily; Boundary Transport • Strategies (NAAQS non-attainment) – Diesel Risk Reduction, Goods Movement, BACM GLIDE PATH BENCHMARKS REGIONAL HAZE BENCHMARKS for Worst Worst 10-year 2018 Per Cent Complete California Class 1 Areas Haze Haze Change Years of Site Name Class I Area(s) Natural II Baseline Glide BENCH by 2018 Data (dv) (dv) Slope MARK • Lowest Hurdles NORTHERN CALIFORNIA REDW1 Redwood Redwood National Park 14.03 18.45 0.07 17.42 5.6% 5 TRIN1 Trinity Marble Mountain Wilderness 8.25 16.32 0.13 14.43 11.5% 3 – coast at sea level Yolla Bolly-Middle Eel Wilderness LABE1 Lava Beds Lava Beds National Monument 7.95 15.05 0.12 13.39 11.0% 4 South Warner Wilderness – lee of Sierra LAVO1 Lassen Lassen Volcanic National Park 7.38 14.15 0.11 12.57 11.2% 5 Volcanic Caribou Wilderness Thousand Lakes Wilderness SIERRA CALIFORNIA BLIS1 Bliss Desolation Wilderness 6.19 12.63 0.11 11.13 11.9% 4 • Highest Hurdles Mokelumne Wilderness HOOV1 Hoover Hoover Wilderness 8.04 12.87 0.08 11.74 8.8% 3 YOSE1 Yosemite Yosemite National Park 7.72 17.63 0.17 15.32 13.1% 5 Emigrant Wilderness – southern Sierra KAIS1 Kaiser Ansel Adams Wilderness 7.26 14.75 0.12 13.01 11.9% 2 Kaiser Wilderness John Muir Wilderness – southernmost C1As SEQU1 Sequoia Sequoia National Park 7.56 24.62 0.28 20.64 16.2% 3 Kings Canyon National Park DOME1 Dome Lands Dome Lands Wilderness 7.53 19.43 0.20 16.65 14.3% 4 COASTAL CALIFORNIA • Regional REDW1 Redwood Redwood National Park 14.03 18.45 0.07 17.42 5.6% 5 PORE1 Point Reyes Point Reyes National Seashore 15.88 22.81 0.12 21.19 7.1% 3 PINN1 Pinnacles PinnaclesWilderness 8.05 18.46 0.17 16.03 13.2% 4 Ventana Wilderness Response to RAFA1 San Rafael San Rafael 7.83 18.86 0.18 16.28 13.6% 2 SAGA1 San Gabriel San Gabriel Wilderness 7.13 19.94 0.21 16.95 15.0% 3 Cucamonga Wilderness AGTI1 Agua Tibia Agua Tibia 7.70 23.50 0.26 19.81 15.7% 4 Reductions SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SAGA1 San Gabriel San Gabriel Wilderness 7.13 19.94 0.21 16.95 15.0% 3 Cucamonga Wilderness SAGO1 San Gorgonio San Gorgonio Wildrness 7.36 22.17 0.25 18.72 15.6% 4 San Jacinto Wilderness AGTI1 Agua Tibia Agua Tibia • Gap Analysis 7.70 23.50 0.26 19.81 15.7% 4 JOSH1 Joshua Tree Joshua Tree National Park 7.25 19.62 0.21 16.73 14.7% 4 AVERAGE 8.42 18.31 0.16 16.00 12.4% 3.6 RANGE lowest 6.19 12.63 0.07 11.13 5.59% 2.00 to highest 15.88 24.62 0.28 21.19 16.16% 5.00 VISIBILITY IMPROVEMENT • San Gorgonio GAP Analysis – Achieve 70% of 2018 deciview benchmark – 45% reduction in nitrate extinction – 11% reduction in OMC; 37% reduction in EC – slight increase in sulfate, coarse mass, and fine soil extinction • Overall Trend is Improvement WHO IMPACTS WHOM • Uncontrollable Boundary Sources • BART Sources • Large Nearby Sources • Caveats for Attribution Modeling Results Phase 1 Report TSSA: Combined Nitrate & Sulfate • Relative Percentage >50% 25-50% <25% for Consultation REASONABLE PROGRESS • Justify Reasonable Progress Goal using WRAP data analyses – Wildfires – Transport – Mobile sources, transportation corridors – Population growth and land use – Nearby stationary source facility • Long Term Strategy – Explaining California SIP Commitments – Don’t shoot the messenger! CALIFORNIA Class 1 Areas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effectiveness of Limiting Use in Wilderness Areas
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1990 Effectiveness of limiting use in wilderness areas Mary Beth Hennessy The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Hennessy, Mary Beth, "Effectiveness of limiting use in wilderness areas" (1990). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 2166. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/2166 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mike and Maureen MANSFIELD LIBRARY Copying allowed as provided under provisions of the Fair Use Section of the U.S. COPYRIGHT LAW, 1976. Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author's written consent. MontanaUniversity of The Effectiveness of Limiting Use in Wilderness Areas By Mary Beth Hennessy B.A. University of California Santa Barbara, 1981 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science University of Montana 1990 Approved by Chairman, Board of Examiners Dean, Graduate School IfthUocJu /f, Date UMI Number: EP35655 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Wilderness Visitors and Recreation Impacts: Baseline Data Available for Twentieth Century Conditions
    United States Department of Agriculture Wilderness Visitors and Forest Service Recreation Impacts: Baseline Rocky Mountain Research Station Data Available for Twentieth General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-117 Century Conditions September 2003 David N. Cole Vita Wright Abstract __________________________________________ Cole, David N.; Wright, Vita. 2003. Wilderness visitors and recreation impacts: baseline data available for twentieth century conditions. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-117. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 52 p. This report provides an assessment and compilation of recreation-related monitoring data sources across the National Wilderness Preservation System (NWPS). Telephone interviews with managers of all units of the NWPS and a literature search were conducted to locate studies that provide campsite impact data, trail impact data, and information about visitor characteristics. Of the 628 wildernesses that comprised the NWPS in January 2000, 51 percent had baseline campsite data, 9 percent had trail condition data and 24 percent had data on visitor characteristics. Wildernesses managed by the Forest Service and National Park Service were much more likely to have data than wildernesses managed by the Bureau of Land Management and Fish and Wildlife Service. Both unpublished data collected by the management agencies and data published in reports are included. Extensive appendices provide detailed information about available data for every study that we located. These have been organized by wilderness so that it is easy to locate all the information available for each wilderness in the NWPS. Keywords: campsite condition, monitoring, National Wilderness Preservation System, trail condition, visitor characteristics The Authors _______________________________________ David N.
    [Show full text]
  • Campsite Impact in the Wilderness of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Thirty Years of Change
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Campsite Impact in the Wilderness of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Thirty Years of Change Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SEKI/NRTR—2013/665 ON THE COVER Examples of campsites surveyed in the late 1970s and again in 2006-2007. In a clockwise direction, these sites are in the Striped Mountain, Woods Creek, Sugarloaf, and Upper Big Arroyo areas in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Photographs by: Sandy Graban and Bob Kenan, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Campsite Impact in the Wilderness of Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks Thirty Years of Change Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SEKI/NRTR—2013/665 David N. Cole and David J. Parsons Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station 790 East Beckwith Avenue Missoula, Montana 59801 January 2013 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Areas of the National Forest System, As of September 30, 2019
    United States Department of Agriculture Land Areas of the National Forest System As of September 30, 2019 Forest Service WO Lands FS-383 November 2019 Metric Equivalents When you know: Multiply by: To fnd: Inches (in) 2.54 Centimeters Feet (ft) 0.305 Meters Miles (mi) 1.609 Kilometers Acres (ac) 0.405 Hectares Square feet (ft2) 0.0929 Square meters Yards (yd) 0.914 Meters Square miles (mi2) 2.59 Square kilometers Pounds (lb) 0.454 Kilograms United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Land Areas of the WO, Lands National Forest FS-383 System November 2019 As of September 30, 2019 Published by: USDA Forest Service 1400 Independence Ave., SW Washington, DC 20250-0003 Website: https://www.fs.fed.us/land/staff/lar-index.shtml Cover Photo: Mt. Hood, Mt. Hood National Forest, Oregon Courtesy of: Susan Ruzicka USDA Forest Service WO Lands and Realty Management Statistics are current as of: 10/17/2019 The National Forest System (NFS) is comprised of: 154 National Forests 58 Purchase Units 20 National Grasslands 7 Land Utilization Projects 17 Research and Experimental Areas 28 Other Areas NFS lands are found in 43 States as well as Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. TOTAL NFS ACRES = 192,994,068 NFS lands are organized into: 9 Forest Service Regions 112 Administrative Forest or Forest-level units 503 Ranger District or District-level units The Forest Service administers 149 Wild and Scenic Rivers in 23 States and 456 National Wilderness Areas in 39 States. The Forest Service also administers several other types of nationally designated
    [Show full text]
  • VGP) Version 2/5/2009
    Vessel General Permit (VGP) Version 2/5/2009 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) VESSEL GENERAL PERMIT FOR DISCHARGES INCIDENTAL TO THE NORMAL OPERATION OF VESSELS (VGP) AUTHORIZATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER THE NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM In compliance with the provisions of the Clean Water Act (CWA), as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), any owner or operator of a vessel being operated in a capacity as a means of transportation who: • Is eligible for permit coverage under Part 1.2; • If required by Part 1.5.1, submits a complete and accurate Notice of Intent (NOI) is authorized to discharge in accordance with the requirements of this permit. General effluent limits for all eligible vessels are given in Part 2. Further vessel class or type specific requirements are given in Part 5 for select vessels and apply in addition to any general effluent limits in Part 2. Specific requirements that apply in individual States and Indian Country Lands are found in Part 6. Definitions of permit-specific terms used in this permit are provided in Appendix A. This permit becomes effective on December 19, 2008 for all jurisdictions except Alaska and Hawaii. This permit and the authorization to discharge expire at midnight, December 19, 2013 i Vessel General Permit (VGP) Version 2/5/2009 Signed and issued this 18th day of December, 2008 William K. Honker, Acting Director Robert W. Varney, Water Quality Protection Division, EPA Region Regional Administrator, EPA Region 1 6 Signed and issued this 18th day of December, 2008 Signed and issued this 18th day of December, Barbara A.
    [Show full text]
  • Recreation at Mt. Baldy
    c Recreation at Mt. Baldy Angeles National Forest ,* San Gabriel River Ranger District NATIONAL FOREST ADVENTURE PASS AND CAMPFIRES AND CAMPFIRE PERMITS GOLDEN PASSPORT Campfire permits are not required at developed A National Forest Adventure Pass is required for Forest Service campgrounds or picnic areas. vehicles parked in a non-fee area while visitors Visitors may use Forest Service provided stoves, are participating in recreation activities (camp- fire pits and campfire circles or their own barbe- ing in non-fee campgrounds, picnicking, hiking, cues, liquid or gas fuel portable stoves as long as fishing, etc.). proper clearance is maintained. Visitor built “rock ring” campfires are not allowed. A National Forest Adventure Pass is a recreation pass for visitors using the Angeles, Cleveland, Open wood fires and barbecues are not permit- San Bernardino and Los Padres National Forests. ted outside developed Forest Service camp- The Pass must be displayed on visitor's vehicles grounds and picnic areas. Only portable stoves and is available in two forms: a Daily Pass for using gas, jellied petroleum or pressurized liquid $5, and an Annual Pass for $30. Passes may be fuel may be used outside developed sites, and a purchased at many Forest Service locations, California Campfire permit is required for their many local vendors and most major sporting use. Fire restrictions may be imposed during high good outlets. For more information on the Pass fire danger. Free Campfire Permits and current fire and where you may purchase yours, contact a restriction information may be obtained at any local Forest Service office. Forest Service office.
    [Show full text]
  • John Muir Wilderness
    John Muir Wilderness Sierra National Forest +\ The John Muir Wilderness encompasses approxi Group Size mately 584,000 acres in the Sierra and Inyo National Group size is limited to 15 people and 25 head of Forests. It extends along the crest of the Sierra Ne• stock are permitted on overnight trips. vada from Mammoth Lakes southeasterly for 30 miles, and then forks around the boundary of Kings Proper Food Storage Canyon National Park to Crown Valley and Mt. Backcountry and wilderness users are required to store Whitney. food or refuse in a manner designed to keep bears from gaining access to it. Visitors are encouraged to Elevations range from 4,000 feet to 14,496 feet at use bear-resistant food canisters to safeguard food. If Mt. Whitney with many peaks above 12,000 feet. a bear canister is not available, the counter-balance Deep canyons as well as beautiful meadows among method of storing food is also an acceptable method. the many lakes and streams characterize the Wilder ness. The South and Middle Forks of the San Joa• Bear-Resistant Canisters quin River, the North Fork of the Kings River and many creeks, which drain into the Owens Valley, These portable containers are the only effective way originate in the John Muir Wilderness. for backpackers to store food in wilderness. Each can ister weighs less than 3 pounds, fits in a full-sized Stands of jeffery and lodgepole pine, incense cedar, backpack, and is capable of holding up to 3 to 5 day’s and red and white fir can be found on the lower west worth of food for one person.
    [Show full text]
  • Emigrant Wilderness: a Profile ROG 16-25 12/2019
    United States Department of Agriculture Emigrant Wilderness: A Profile ROG 16-25 12/2019 The 113,000-acre Emigrant Wilderness is located in the Stanislaus National Forest, on the upper west- ern slope of the central Sierra Nevada mountain range. Bordered on the south by Yosemite National Park and on the east by the Hoover Wilderness on the Toiyabe National Forest, this wilderness measures roughly 25 miles long and 15 miles wide. Major watersheds drain to the Stanislaus and Tu- olumne rivers. The area is entirely within Tuolumne County. Driving distance is approximately 138 miles from San Francisco and 125 miles from Lake Tahoe. The Emigrant Wilderness is a glaciated landscape of great scenic beauty. The northeastern section of the wilderness is characterized by volcanic ridgelines and peaks. The remaining sections are sparsely vegetated granite ridges, with lakes and meadows scattered around the area. Elevations range from below 5,000 feet near the Cherry Reservoir to the majestic 11,750-foot Leavitt Peak. The range of ele- vation in the most popular high use areas lies between the 7,500-foot to 9,000-foot levels. Precipitation averages 50 inches annually; 80 percent is in the form of snow. The snowpack typically lingers into June, and sometimes even later after a very wet winter. Summers are generally dry and mild, but after- noon thundershowers occur periodically and nighttime temperatures can dip below freezing. Always be prepared for cold and wet weather! History as the Emigrant Basin Primitive Area. The Wilder- Various Native American tribes (among them ness Act of 1964 established the National Wilder- the Me-Wuk) populated this area for 10,000 ness Preservation System, “to secure for the Amer- years, spending the summer and early autumn ican people of present and future generations the months hunting game and gathering acorns in the benefits of an enduring source of wilderness.” On high country.
    [Show full text]
  • The ANZA-BORREGO DESERT REGION MAP and Many Other California Trail Maps Are Available from Sunbelt Publications. Please See
    SUNBELT WHOLESALE BOOKS AND MAPS CALIFORNIA TRAIL MAPS www.sunbeltpublications.com ANZA-BORREGO DESERT REGION ANZA-BORREGO DESERT REGION MAP 6TH EDITION 3RD EDITION ISBN: 9780899977799 Retail: $21.95 ISBN: 9780899974019 Retail: $9.95 Publisher: WILDERNESS PRESS Publisher: WILDERNESS PRESS AREA: SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA: SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA The Anza-Borrego and Western Colorado Desert A convenient map to the entire Anza-Borrego Desert Region is a vast, intriguing landscape that harbors a State Park and adjacent areas, including maps for rich variety of desert plants and animals. Prepare for Ocotillo Wells SRVA, Bow Willow Area, and Coyote adventure with this comprehensive guidebooks, Moutnains, it shows roads and hiking trails, diverse providing everything from trail logs and natural history points of interest, and general topography. Trip to a Desert Directory of agencies, accommodations, numbers are keyed to the Anza-Borrego Desert Region and facilities. It is the perfect companion for hikers, guide book by the same authors. campers, off-roaders, mountain bikers, equestrians, history buffs, and casual visitors. The ANZA-BORREGO DESERT REGION MAP and many other California trail maps are available from Sunbelt Publications. Please see the following listing for titles and details. s: catalogs\2018 catalogs\18-CA TRAIL MAPS.doc (800) 626-6579 Fax (619) 258-4916 Page 1 of 7 SUNBELT WHOLESALE BOOKS AND MAPS CALIFORNIA TRAIL MAPS www.sunbeltpublications.com ANGEL ISLAND & ALCATRAZ ISLAND BISHOP PASS TRAIL MAP TRAIL MAP ISBN: 9780991578429 Retail: $10.95 ISBN: 9781877689819 Retail: $4.95 AREA: SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA: NORTHERN CALIFORNIA An extremely useful map for all outdoor enthusiasts who These two islands, located in San Francisco Bay are want to experience the Bishop Pass in one handy map.
    [Show full text]
  • See the Forest Order
    SAN BERNARDINO NATIONAL FOREST Forest Order No. 05-12-00-21-12 Wilderness Occupancy and Use Pursuant to 16 U.S.C. § 551 and 36 C.F.R. § 261.50(a), and to protect natural resources and provide for public safety, the following acts are prohibited within the San Bernardino National Forest. This Order is effective from September 1, 2021, through August 31, 2022. 1. Entering or being in the San Gorgonio, San Jacinto, or Cucamonga Wilderness Areas. 36 C.F.R. § 261.57(a). 2. Being on any National Forest System trail within the San Gorgonio, San Jacinto, or Cucamonga Wilderness Areas. 36 C.F.R. § 261.55(a). 3. Being within the San Gorgonio, San Jacinto, or Cucamonga Wilderness Area as part of a group larger than 12 persons. 36 C.F.R. § 261.58(f). 4. Camping in the San Gorgonio, San Jacinto, or Cucamonga Wilderness Areas, or within the Stonehouse Crossing Campsite. 36 C.F.R. § 261.58(e). Pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 261.50(e), the following persons are exempt from this Order: 1. Persons with a valid wilderness area day use permit issued by the San Bernardino National Forest are exempt from Prohibition Nos. 1 and 2, provided they are in compliance with the conditions contained in the permit. 2. Persons with a valid wilderness area overnight permit issued by the San Bernardino National Forest are exempt from Prohibition Nos. 1, 2, and 4, provided they are in compliance with the conditions contained in the permit. 3. Persons with a valid “PCT Long-Distance Permit” issued by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Wilderness Inventory and Evaluation Planning
    U.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region Wilderness May 2015 Update Wilderness Inventory and Evaluation Background: The Inyo, Sequoia and Sierra National Forests are revising their land and resource management plans using the 2012 Planning Rule. This rule requires the agency to identify and evaluate lands that may be suitable for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System (NWPS). In 1964, Congress created the NWPS to protect some of the most natural and undisturbed places in America. Only Congress can designate wilderness; however, federal land managers, citizens or other groups can make wilderness recommendations to Congress. In August 2014, the Forest Service shared a preliminary wilderness inventory with the public and tribes to gather feedback on the lands that had been inventoried to determine those areas that should or should not be further considered for wilderness recommendation. Forest Service Current Work: The inventory and evaluation (steps 1 and 2 of the 4-step wilderness inventory process) on the Inyo, Sequoia, and Sierra National Forests have been completed. The results will be included as an appendix in the draft environmental impact statement (DEIS) being prepared for these forest plan revisions. Not all lands included in the inventory and subsequent evaluations are required to be carried forward. In total, the Forest Service is considering 10 areas for analysis as recommended wilderness. Of these areas, 3 are potential new recommended wilderness areas, and 7 are potential recommended additions to current
    [Show full text]
  • Sequoia National Forest
    FOREST, MONUMENT, OR PARK? You may see signs for Sequoia National Forest, Giant Sequoia National Monument, and Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks… and wonder what is the difference between these places? All are on federal land. Each exists to benefit society. Yet each has a different history and purpose. Together they provide a wide spectrum of uses. National Forests, managed under a "multiple use" concept, provide services and commodities that may include lumber, livestock grazing, minerals, and recreation with and without vehicles. Forest employees work for the U.S. Forest Service, an agency in the Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service was created in 1905. National Monuments can be managed by any of three different agencies: the U.S. Forest Service, the National Park Service, or the Bureau of Land Management. They are created by presidential proclamation and all seek to protect specific natural or cultural features. Giant Sequoia National Monument is managed by the U.S. Forest Service and is part of Sequoia National Forest. It was created by former President Bill Clinton in April of 2000. National Parks strive to keep landscapes unimpaired for future generations. They protect natural and historic features while offering light-on-the-land recreation. Park employees work for the National Park Service, part of the Department of the Interior. The National Park Service was created in 1916. Forests, Monuments, and Parks may have different rules in order to meet their goals. Read "Where can I..." below to check out what activities are permitted where within the Sequoia National Forest, Giant Sequoia National Monument, and Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Parks.
    [Show full text]