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City Research Online
City Research Online City, University of London Institutional Repository Citation: Aversa, P. ORCID: 0000-0003-3175-9477, Schreiter, K. and Guerrini, F. (2021). The birth of a business icon through cultural branding: Ferrari and the Prancing Horse, 1923 - 1947. Enterprise and Society: the international journal of business and history, pp. 1-31. doi: 10.1017/eso.2021.22 This is the accepted version of the paper. This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25916/ Link to published version: https://doi.org/10.1017/eso.2021.22 Copyright: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. Reuse: Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. City Research Online: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/ [email protected] 1 The birth of a business icon through cultural branding: Ferrari and the Prancing Horse, 1923 - 1947 Paolo Aversa* Cass Business School, City, University of London Katrin Schreiter King’s College London Filippo Guerrini Cass Business School, City, University of London *Corresponding author: [email protected] [Forthcoming in Enterprise and Society] ABSTRACT This article examines the origin of the ‘Prancing Horse’ symbol, and its role in helping the racing team Ferrari survive under the Fascist regime in Italy. -
SPAD VII Vs Albatros D III: 1917-18
ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND ILLUSTRATOR JON GUTTMAN, a resident of Leesburg, Virginia, is currently research editor for Weider History Publications. Specializing in World War I aviation, he has written 11 titles for Osprey including the popular Aircraft of the Aces 66: Balloon-Busting AcesofWorldWarl. JIM LAURIER is a native of New England and lives in New Hampshire. He attended Paier School of Art in Hamden, Connecticut, from 19?4-?8, and since graduating with Honors, he has been working professionally in the field of Fine Art and Illustration. He has been commissioned to paint for the US Air Force and has aviation paintings on permanent display at the Pentagon. SPAD VII ALBATRO1917-18 S D III JON GUTTMAN First published in Great Britain in 2011 by Osprey Publishing, Cover Art Midland House, West Way, Botley, Oxford OX2 OPH, UK On 22 April 1917, SPAD VIIs of the Royal Flying Corps' No. 23 Sqn and 443 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016, USA Sopwith Pups of the Royal Naval Air Service's 3 Naval Squadron were E-mail: [email protected] escorting FE 2bs of No. 18 Sqn on a bombing mission when the SPADs became separated from the rest of the formation. At 1900 hrs the No. 23 © 2011 Osprey Publishing Ltd Sqn pilots spotted what they thought to be British aircraft at higher altitude between the French town of Marcoing and Havrincourt Wood, but as they All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private climbed to join them, they suddenly came under attack from what turned study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, out to be a mixed formation of Albatros D Ills from Jastas 5 and 12. -
Black Nobility
DON TRUMP, IRAN, & BLACK NOBILITY BLACK NOBILITY PALLAVICINI Prince Moroello Diaz della Vittoria Pallavicini and his brother Prince Sigieri Diaz della Vittoria Pallavicini are top members of the international banking mafia and the primary owners of the Armenian Mafia with some financial interests in the Lucchese crime family. The Pallavicinis have an Austrian branch and also a Hungarian branch which manage some Slavic-Serbian mafia clans. The Pallavicinis are nobles of Milan, Rome, Vienna, and Genoa. The Genoese were the most dominant bankers for centuries. They financed the creation of what is today called the Bank of America and the Genoese nobles the Pallavicinis, Odescalchis, Dorias, and Cattaneos have covert shares in. Prince Sigieri Pallavicini has worked with Merrill Lynch stated on his business profile for Athena Investments and Bank of America owns Merrill Lynch. The Pallavicinis invest in crime families for the other Black Nobility. Mafias are business enterprises and it costs money to create them and costs money to protect them. Prince Moroello and Prince Sigieri have worked at various international banks and created Global Wealth Management Gwm a private investment firm in Italy, Malta, Switzerland, and Luxembourg and together with JP Morgan in December of 2019 purchased multiple buildings including one in front of the American embassy in Rome. The Pallavicinis have an Italian Muslim branch which are Imams in Milan with Prince Imam Yahya Sergio Yahe Pallavicini. The Pallavicinis are related to ancient Iranian royals and the Pahlavi dynasty which later established itself in Armenian as the Pahlavunis. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi the Shah or Iran was a Vatican Knight of the Order of the Golden Spur. -
Nieuport Ni-17
Nieuport Ni-17 1/48 SCALE PLASTIC KIT ProfiPACK #8071 INTRO The Nieuport 11 fighter, which, at the beginning of 1916 along with the British DH.2, countered the onslought of German Fokker monoplanes, was powered by a 9 cylinder rotary Le Rhone 9c engine rated at 80hp/59kW. Even as a small aircraft, the Nieuport was underpowered, and so the switch was made to the Le Rhone 9J, rated at 110hp / 81kW. This was the development known as the Nieuport 16, and the airframe itself was little changed from its predecessor. The result was a machine with degraded performance, mainly due to a heavier nose end, and for that reason the type was considered interim. Chief designer at Nieuport, Gustav Delage, succumbed to the necessity of completely redesigning the aircraft. The new design inherited the concept of the sesquiplane (1 1/2 Strutter), but was strengthened, especially where the lower wing was concerned, since this component had a tendency to failure during certain harsher maneuvers. Wingspan was increased, and the wing area rose by 1.45sq. m. The engine cowl was redesigned, and the interface to the fuselage was streamlined. The new type, designated Nieuport 17, was armed with two Vickers machine guns, located, thanks to an Alkan synchronization system, in front of the pilot, firing through the propeller arc. In some instances, particularly on machines destined for the British RFC, these guns were replaced by a Lewis machine gun mounted on the center section of the top wing.Nieuport 17s also flew with combinations of the weapons, and could be armed with eight wing mounted rockets by Le Prieur. -
Francesco Baracca Indagine Sulla Morte Di Un Eroe Italiano 1A Edizione 2013
Francesco Baracca Indagine sulla morte di un eroe italiano 1a edizione 2013 Grafi ca e impaginazione di Stefano Gambarotto Editrice Storica è un marchio di proprietà di ISTRIT Istituto per la Storia del Risorgimento Italiano Comitato di Treviso Via Sant'Ambrogio di Fiera, 60 31100 - TREVISO [email protected] Ringraziamenti: Gregory Alegi - Roberto Gentili - Paolo Varriale - Ulisse Berti Giancarlo Zanardo - Fausto Bernardini - Francesco Ballista Uffi cio Storico Aeronautica Militare Italiana Civica Biblioteca «Angelo Mai» Brescia ISBN 978-88-96674-15-4 FRANCESCO BARACCA Indagine sulla morte di un eroe italiano Stefano Gambarotto Renato Callegari con un capitolo di Giuseppe Piccolo Editrice Storica Treviso 2013 IL CAVALIERE DEL CIELO Giugno 1918 Il giugno del 1918 fu un mese cruciale per il regno d'Italia. Il Paese, strema- to da una lunga guerra che ormai da tre anni lo vedeva contrapposto all'impero austro-ungarico, assisteva con trepidazione ai sanguinosi scontri che si com- battevano sul Monte Grappa, sui declivi del Montello e sulle rive del Piave. Era in corso la Battaglia del Solstizio, come Gabriele D'Annunzio la battezzò. Negli intendimenti dell'Alto Comando viennese, doveva essere risolutiva. Un grande attacco lanciato agli inizi dell'estate con l'obiettivo di dilagare nella pianura Padana e mettere così fi ne alla guerra sul nostro fronte. L'offensiva iniziò alle 2 del mattino del 15 giugno.1 Il Regio Esercito vi si oppose con tutte le forze di cui disponeva. I due schieramenti contrapposti si battevano ormai da quattro giorni e martedì 18 giugno il tempo non era buono. Al campo di Quinto di Treviso: la 91ª Squadriglia Aeroplani da Caccia A Quinto di Treviso, un piccolo paese che sorge a pochi chilometri dalla città capoluogo della Marca, gli italiani hanno costruito uno dei tanti campi di volo realizzati nei pressi del fronte, per consentire agli Aviatori di dare man forte alla Fanteria che si dissangua sul terreno. -
Il X Gruppo Caccia Terrestre Operazione Halberd:Ustica 27
Lettera del Centro Studi e Documentazione Isola di Ustica n. 34/35 gennaio-agosto 2010 O R T N E C Il X Gruppo Caccia Terrestre L E D Operazione Halberd : Ustica 27 Settembre 1941 T I V di Giuseppe Giacino I T T A l X Gruppo Caccia Terrestre fu costituito a Pasian di he X Fighter Group for Ground Combat was for - Prato (Udine) il 10 Aprile 1917. Ebbe durata breve in med in Pasian di Prato (Udine) on the 10 th April Iquanto al termine del primo conflitto mondiale, nel T1917. It didn´t l last a long time: at the end of the Gennaio del 1918, il reparto venne sciolto. Per la sua ricosti - First World War, in January 1918, the department was dis - tuzione si dovette attendere 13 anni, quando il primo Giugno solved. Thirteen years later, on the 1 st June 1931 at the del 1931 presso l’Aeroporto di Campoformido (Udine) venne Campoformido Airport (Udine) the 4 th Wing of the Italian inaugurato il 4º Stormo della Regia Aeronautica Militare, ac - Royal Air Force was constituted, combining the IX Fighter corpando il IX Gruppo Caccia (con la 73 a , 96 a, 97 a squadri - Group (the 73 rd , 96 th , 97 th Squadron) and the newly recon - glia) e il neo ricostituito X Gruppo C.T., in cui confluirono le stituted X Fighter Group, which merged also the 84 th , 90 th squadriglie 84 a, 90 a e 91 a, in particolare quest’ultima nota, and 91 st squadrons. In particular, the latter was known as come la squadriglia degli assi , che aveva raggruppato i pi - the Aces’ Squadron , because it included pilots which, du - loti che si contraddistinsero nel corso della prima guerra mon - ring the First World War, had collected a high number of diale collezionando un numero elevato di vittorie: Ferruccio victories: Ferruccio Ranza, Luigi Olivari, Fulco Ruffo di Ranza, Luigi Olivari, Fulco Ruffo di Calabria, Pier Ruggero Calabria, Pier Ruggero Piccio and the famous Francesco Piccio e il celebre Francesco Baracca. -
Nieuport Ni-17 8051
Nieuport Ni-17 8051 FRENCH WWI FIGHTER d r 1:48 SCALE PLASTIC KIT a u d e INTRO... The Niuport 11 fighter, which, at the beginning of 1916 along with the British DH 2, countered the onslought of German Fokker monoplanes, was powered by a 9 cylinder rotary Le Rhone 9c engine rated at 80hp/59kW. Even as a small aircraft, the Nieuport was underpowered, and so the switch was made to the Le Rhone 9J, rated at 110hp/81kW. This was the development known as the Nieuport 16, and the airframe itself was little changed from its predecessor. The result was a machine with degraded performance, mainly due to a heavier nose end, and for that reason the type was considered interim. Chief designer at Nieuport, Gustav Delage, succumbed to the necessity of completely redesigning the aircraft. The new design inherited the concept of the sesquiplane (1 1/2 Strutter), but was strengthened, especially where the lower wing was concerned, since this component had a tendency to failure during certain harsher maneuvers. Wingspan was increased, and the wing area rose by 1.45sq. m. The engine cowl was redesigned, and the interface to the fuselage was streamlined. The new type, designated Nieuport 17, was armed with two Vickers machine guns, located, thanks to an Alkan synchronization system, in front of the pilot, firing through the propeller arc. In some instances, particularly on machines destined for the British RFC, these guns were replaced by a Lewis machine gun mounted on the center section of the top wing.Nieuport 17s also flew with combinations of the weapons, and could be armed with eight wing mounted rockets by Le Prieur.