DOCSLIB.ORG

GNBS International System of Units Booklet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
GNBS International System of Units Booklet I Table of INTRODUCTION CONTENTS The purpose of this booklet Learn About... 3 is to enable Guyanese to become familiar with • Guyana National Bureau 3 the metric system and, in of Standards (GNBS). particular, the International System of Units or SI Units. With most of the world We Look to the Future using the metric system of 5 measurements, these SI • Why do we need 5 units are now an intrinsic Measurement Standards? part of our lives. • The Role of Measurements 6 The meat, flour, fruit and in our Daily Lives. vegetables we buy; the pills, tablets and capsules doctors prescribe; the distances vehicles cover and boats Learn More On... 7 sail and athletes run, as • What is the SI? 7 well as fabric bought for our garments to be made • Why use the SI? 8 from are all weighed and measured using SI units. Given this trend, Guyana Learn the Units 9 must fully embrace metric • What are the SI Units? 9 measurements. Thus, this booklet intends to promote • The Basics of the Metric 11 a culture in which Guyanese System in use everyday. not only “think metric” but also actively use the SI units - The Kilogram 11 in their everyday lives. II III - The Kilometre 13 Guyana National - The Litre 15 Bureau of learn Standards Using the Basic Units 17 about... • Converting between Units 17 (GNBS) • Temperature 18 The Guyana National Bureau of Standards (GNBS) operates under • Writing Dates 19 the Ministry of Tourism, Industry and commerce as a semi - • Writing Times 19 -autonomous governmental organization responsible for standards and quality in Guyana. It is the only National Standards Body in Guyana. It is also an ISO 9001:2015 certified agency. meet the metrics GNBS was established in March 1985, under Act No. 11 of the year General Contact 1984. It has the legal status of a Information statutory corporation governed Martin Marcie Maria Max by a National Standards Council ➢ Flat 15 Exhibition Complex, (NSC) appointed by the Minister Sophia, Georgetown, Guyana, of Business. While the GNBS is a P.O. BOX 10926 self-revenue generating agency, it also benefits from funding from ➢ 592-219-0064/65/66 the Government of Guyana. ➢ www.gnbsgy.org An Executive Director and a ➢ [email protected] Deputy Director head the GNBS. Together, they work in alignment in the operations of the agency. Follow us on... The Executive Director oversees the corporate departments while the Deputy Director oversees the technical departments. IV 5 Guyana National Bureau of Standards (GNBS) cont’d... Corporate Departments Finance Human Resources and Administration we look Why do Information Communication and Technology to the we need Marketing and Communications Measurement Technical Departments future Standards? Business Support Services Whenever we buy, sell or exchange any item, we use a wide range of Calibration and Testing Services Why do we need units. Measurement standards Certification Services Measurement play a very important role in Standards? defining each of these units. As we Legal Metrology Services exchange greater quantities and Product Compliance Services varieties of materials, the more The Role of difficult it becomes to exchange Standardization Services items directly. Measurements As the premiere national institution for standards and quality in in our Daily Lives As such, we need precise Guyana, the GNBS plays several vital roles, including: information about the quantities of those items in order to exchange Enhancing trade and business competitiveness through them accurately and fairly. standards. Measurement standards allow us Facilitating business growth and development by helping to carry out many activities and industries enhance their efficiency and quality of products transactions with the confidence through standards. of knowing exactly how much of each item we are dealing within. Implementing standards to protect consumers from poor quality products and services. For today’s advanced Supporting a National Quality Infrastructure that offers key technologies, even more precise services, such as verification of all weighing and measuring measurement standards are devices used in trade, calibration of measuring instruments required. Measurement standards used in industry, testing and certification to ensure quality are therefore an indispensable products and services. part of our everyday lives. 6 7 The Role of Measurements in our Daily Lives Measurement is at the heart of all science and engineering. It is only learn when we can measure something that scientists and engineers can study and improve it. As science and engineering play an important role in our lives, measurement matters for everyone. more Measurement affects our daily lives in many ways such as when: We use scales in the markets to buy our supplies of fruits, about vegetables and meat. We also use scales to weigh precious What is the SI? materials such as gold and diamonds. What would happen if the process of weighing was completed incorrectly? The International System of Units What is (SI) is more commonly known as We use scales to measure amounts of ingredients when . Every day, cooking. the SI? the metric system people around the world use the SI We buy paint and then buy some more a year later and the in science and commerce, making colour matches. Why use the SI the most widely used system of measurement in the Our medical care depends critically on measurements, the SI? world. The widespread adoption concentrations of chemicals in blood or the intensity of X-rays. We also rely on measurements when we measure of the SI allows science, industry out doses of medicines, record blood pressure reading, take and trade to measure physical temperatures and pulses. objects and phenomena using the same units, so that the results We drive our cars safely and comfortably because of the can be compared meaningfully measuring tools within the car like the speedometer, worldwide. temperature indicator, fuel tank indicator, etc. In 1875, representatives of Engineers and architects read blueprints with precise seventeen nations met in Paris dimensions and markings. and signed a diplomatic treaty A satellite navigation system guides us along a road and called the Metre Convention. it depends on the time measured by ultra-precision clocks The Metre Convention created on satellites. an intergovernmental treaty organization called the CGPM Trade between countries is based on many weight and size measuring tools. or General Conference on Weights and Measures. Today, In all these situations, and thousands more, we are enjoying the 60 countries, including all of the benefits of a global system of measurement. major industrialised ones, are 8 9 What is the SI? cont’d... members of the Meter Convention. In 1960, the 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) established the SI or International System of Units. The CGPM learn remains the international authority that ensures the widespread use What are the of the SI. It modifies the SI as necessary to reflect the latest advances in science and technology. A landmark decision made at the 26th the units SI Units? meeting of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) on November 16, 2018, led to the revision of the definitions of the kilogramme, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole in order to assure The SI covers units for every type the future stability of the SI. Consequently, from May 20, 2019, all of measurement, but at the heart SI units are defined in terms of constants that describe the natural What are the of the SI is a set of seven units world. SI Units? known as the “base units.” They are: Why use the SI? The Basics of the the kilogram Metric System Guyana’s Weights and Measures Act of 1981, Section 3, states that “the International System (SI) of Units shall have legal force and validity in use everyday in Guyana.” This was given effect by Ministerial Order on January • Mass / Weight, the metre 01, 2001, making the SI the only legal system of measurement in • Length and Guyana (Official Gazette - January 27, 2001). Therefore, using metric • Volume measures is the law! the second As the metric system is a decimal system of weights and measures it is easy to convert between units simply by multiplying or dividing by 10, 100, 1000. This makes using the metric system very the amphere easy! The metric system is a world-wide standard. Unlike some non-metric measurements, which can vary even between countries, metric the kelvin measurements are set by international agreement and therefore are the same wherever you happen to be. The metric system is set to prevail as the only measurement system the mole used throughout the world, so those who do not use it or continue to use non-metric units will be left behind the global economy. the candela 10 11 What are the SI Units? cont’d... The Basics of the Metric System in use everyday Kilogram Metre The The kilogram Candela kilogram kg is the SI Unit of We use kilograms (kg) to measure the mass weight or mass of heavier objects. Second Mole I’m a carpenter. I buy cement in 45 kilogram bags. Amphere Kelvin Unit Symbol Quantity kilogram kg mass metre m length second s time ampere A electric current kelvin K temperature And in the market, I buy vegetables, rice, peas and mole mol amount of substance chicken by the kilogram. I only buy from vendors candela cd luminous intensity that have a scale approved by the GNBS. 12 13 The Kilogram cont’d... I am going to The The kilometre be the next Miss Guyana! I weigh 60 kilometre G km kilograms. is the SI Unit of M We use kilometres (km) to measure distances or long distances or lengths. lengths We use grams (g) to measure the weight or mass of very light objects.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Misura E Strumenti Di Misura
    ® MISURA E STRUMENTI DI MISURA (G) MISURA: g = G : grandezza (numero) U(G) U(G) : unita' di misura di G Come si effettua la misura ? diretta MISURA indiretta confronto diretto con unita' di misura DIRETTA: (Grandezze omogenee) con strumento "tarato" es. : termometro, voltmetro ... INDIRETTA: dalla relazione fisica con altre grandezze es. : P = F/S STRUMENTO DI MISURA: dispositivo per determinare g 30 RIVELATORE: sensibile a grandezza da misurare (sollecitazione) TRASDUTTORE: trasforma sollecitazione STRUMENTO in grandezza facilmente misurabile VISUALIZZATORE: visualizza grandezza trasformata RIVELATORE: Mercurio Es. TERMOMETRO TRASDUTTORE: Mercurio + capillare VISUALIZZATORE: capillare + scala tarata RIVELATORE: bobina mobile in campo magnetico Es. AMPEROMETRO TRASDUTTORE: movimento bobina (rotazione ago) VISUALIZZATORE: posizione ago su scala "tarata" 31 CARATTERISTICHE STRUMENTO INTERVALLO FUNZ. (valore min-max grandezza) PRONTEZZA: tempo necessario per reagire alla sollecitazione τ τ = tempo caratteristico strumento τ (termometro) ~ secondi τ (oscilloscopio) ~ 10 -9 s SENSIBILITA`: ∆R(G) dR R(G): risposta S = = ∆V(G) dV V(G): valore grandezza se R lineare in V(G): S = cost. Altrimenti S funzione di V(G) (Ohmetro) Dimensioni : [G] -1 Es. Bilancia: S in DIV/mg 32 PRECISIONE: capacita' strumento a dare stessa risposta a stessa sollecitazione MISURE RIPETUTE (sensibilit : 1/∆g) N N g(G) g(G) ∆g GIUSTEZZA: assenza di effetti sistematici Difetto strumento (termometro: capillare a sezione variabile) Uso strumento in condizioni errate (regolo
    [Show full text]
  • The Revised SI for the Kilogram
    Out with the Old, in with the New: The Revised SI for the kilogram Aletta Karsten, Thapelo Mametja and Henk Potgieter [email protected] Outline • Background (SI and Revised SI) • What is SI units? • Why change? • How? • When? • South African perspective • Si sphere • Kibble Balance What is a SI unit? • The SI is defined by the SI Brochure, which is published by the BIPM. • The recommended practical system of units of measurement is the International System of Units (Système International d'Unités, with international abbreviation SI). • This SI consists of a set of base units, prefixes and derived units. • The SI is not static but evolves to match the world's increasingly demanding requirements for measurement. History of SI • First milestone • Creation of the decimal metric system at the time of the French Revolution • Deposition of two platinum standards representing the metre and the kilogram, on 22 June 1799, in the Archives de la République in Paris • Signing of the Metre Convention on 20 May 1875 • Created the BIPM and established the CGPM and the CIPM • Work began on the construction of new international prototypes of the metre and kilogram. • In 1889 the 1st CGPM sanctioned the international prototypes for the metre and the kilogram. • Together with the astronomical second as the unit of time, these units constituted a three-dimensional mechanical unit system similar to the CGS system, but with the base units metre, kilogram, and second, the MKS system. Changes in measurement standards (not new) Mass Redefinition of SI • Link to fundamental constants of nature • More accurate over time 1889 https://www.bipm.org/en/measurement-units/rev-si/ Which units will be redefined? Why? • The revision of the SI will ensure that the SI continues to meet the needs of science, technology, and commerce in the 21st century.
    [Show full text]
  • The International Bureau of Weights and Measures 1875-1975
    The International Bureau of Weights and Measures 1875-1975 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards ""EAU of NBS SPECIAL PUBLICATION 420 Aerial view of the Pavilion de Breteuil and the immediate environs. To the east, the Seine and the Pont de Sevres; to the northwest, the Pare de Saint-Cloud: between the Pavilion de Breteuil (circled) and the bridge: the Manufacture Nationale de Porcelaine de Sevres. The new laboratories (1964) are situated north of the circle and are scarcely visible; they were built in a way to preserve the countryside. (Document Institute (leographique National, Paris). Medal commeiiKiraUn-i the centennial (if the Convention cif tlie Metre and the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. (Desifined by R. Corbin. Monnaie de Paris) The International Bureau of Weights and Measures 1875-1975 Edited by Chester H. Page National Bureau of Standards, U.S.A. and Pan I Vigoiireiix National Physieal Laboratory, U.K. Translation of tlie BIPM Centennial Volume Piibli>lieH on the ocrasioii <>( the lOOth Aniiiver^ai y ol tlie Treaty of tlie Metre May 20, 1975 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Richard W. Roberts, Direcior Issued May 1 975 National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 420 Nat. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Spec. Publ. 420. 256 pages (May 1975) CODEN: XNBSAV U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1975 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 Paper cover Price $3.00 Stock Number 003-003-01408 Catalog Number C13.10:420 FOREWORD The metric system was made legal by Congress in 1866, the United States of America signed the Treaty of the Metre in 1875, and we have been active in international coordination of measurements since that time.
    [Show full text]
  • Standards and Units: a View from the President of the Royal Society of New South Wales
    Journal & Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales, vol. 150, part 2, 2017, pp. 143–151. ISSN 0035-9173/17/020143-09 Standards and units: a view from the President of the Royal Society of New South Wales D. Brynn Hibbert The Royal Society of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, and The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Email: [email protected] Abstract As the Royal Society of New South Wales continues to grow in numbers and influence, the retiring president reflects on the achievements of the Society in the 21st century and describes the impending changes in the International System of Units. Scientific debates that have far reaching social effects should be the province of an Enlightenment society such as the RSNSW. Introduction solved by science alone. Our own Society t may be a long bow, but the changes in embraces “science literature philosophy and Ithe definitions of units used across the art” and we see with increasing clarity that world that have been decades in the making, our business often spans all these fields. As might have resonances in the resurgence in we shall learn the choice of units with which the fortunes of the RSNSW in the 21st cen- to measure our world is driven by science, tury. First, we have a system of units tracing philosophy, history and a large measure of back to the nineteenth century that starts social acceptability, not to mention the occa- with little traction in the world but eventu- sional forearm of a Pharaoh. ally becomes the bedrock of science, trade, Measurement health, indeed any measurement-based activ- ity.
    [Show full text]
  • CAR-ANS Part 5 Governing Units of Measurement to Be Used in Air and Ground Operations
    CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES Part 5 Governing UNITS OF MEASUREMENT TO BE USED IN AIR AND GROUND OPERATIONS CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Old MIA Road, Pasay City1301 Metro Manila UNCOTROLLED COPY INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK UNCOTROLLED COPY CAR-ANS PART 5 Republic of the Philippines CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES (CAR-ANS) Part 5 UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS TO BE USED IN AIR AND GROUND OPERATIONS 22 APRIL 2016 EFFECTIVITY Part 5 of the Civil Aviation Regulations-Air Navigation Services are issued under the authority of Republic Act 9497 and shall take effect upon approval of the Board of Directors of the CAAP. APPROVED BY: LT GEN WILLIAM K HOTCHKISS III AFP (RET) DATE Director General Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines Issue 2 15-i 16 May 2016 UNCOTROLLED COPY CAR-ANS PART 5 FOREWORD This Civil Aviation Regulations-Air Navigation Services (CAR-ANS) Part 5 was formulated and issued by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP), prescribing the standards and recommended practices for units of measurements to be used in air and ground operations within the territory of the Republic of the Philippines. This Civil Aviation Regulations-Air Navigation Services (CAR-ANS) Part 5 was developed based on the Standards and Recommended Practices prescribed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as contained in Annex 5 which was first adopted by the council on 16 April 1948 pursuant to the provisions of Article 37 of the Convention of International Civil Aviation (Chicago 1944), and consequently became applicable on 1 January 1949. The provisions contained herein are issued by authority of the Director General of the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines and will be complied with by all concerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Submission from Pat Naughtin
    Inquiry into Australia's future oil supply and alternative transport fuels Submission from Pat Naughtin Dear Committee members, My submission will be short and simple, and it applies to all four terms of reference. Here is my submission: When you are writing your report on this inquiry, could you please confine yourself to using the International System Of Units (SI) especially when you are referring to amounts of energy. SI has only one unit for energy — joule — with these multiples to measure larger amounts of energy — kilojoules, megajoules, gigajoules, terajoules, petajoules, exajoules, zettajoules, and yottajoules. This is the end of my submission. Supporting material You probably need to know a few things about this submission. What is the legal situation? See 1 Legal issues. Why is this submission needed? See 2 Deliberate confusion. Is the joule the right unit to use? See 3 Chronology of the joule. Why am I making a submission to your inquiry? See: 4 Why do I care about energy issues and the joule? Who is Pat Naughtin and does he know what he's talking about? See below signature. Cheers and best wishes with your inquiry, Pat Naughtin ASM (NSAA), LCAMS (USMA)* PO Box 305, Belmont, Geelong, Australia Phone 61 3 5241 2008 Pat Naughtin is the editor of the 'Numbers and measurement' chapter of the Australian Government Publishing Service 'Style manual – for writers, editors and printers'; he is a Member of the National Speakers Association of Australia and the International Association of Professional Speakers. He is a Lifetime Certified Advanced Metrication Specialist (LCAMS) with the United States Metric Association.
    [Show full text]
  • Laws of South Sudan Weights and Measures Regulations, 2016
    Laws of South Sudan Weights and Measures Regulations, 2016. Final draft text Directorate of Legislation Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs Date: 18 /11/2016. 1 Laws of South Sudan Weights and Measures Regulations, 2016 Table of Contents Arrangement of Sections: Chapter I Preliminary Provisions 1. Title and Commencement 2. Repeal and Saving 3. Purpose 4. Application 5. Interpretation Chapter II Legal Units and Standards 6. Legal Units and Use 7. Standards and Traceability Chapter III Control of Products for Sale 8. Product Net Amount 9. Pre-Packed Products 10. Standard Quantities 11. Minimum Content Information on Packaging 12. Tolerable Deficiency 13. Import Inspection 14. Inspection of Packing Installations 15. Inspection of Products 16. Measures for Non-Conforming Products 2 Chapter IV Standards and Measuring Instruments for Trade 17. Definition of Trade Instruments 18. Legal Control of Trade Instruments 19. Instruments Prohibited in Trade 20. Type Approval of Trade Instruments 21. Initial and Subsequent Verification and Inspection 22. Procedure for Registration and Approval of Trade Instruments 23. Validity of Certificates of Verification 24. Subsequent Verification of Trade Instruments 25. Inspection 26. Prohibited, Unregistered and Rejected Instruments Chapter V Instruments under Legal Control, Service Licences and Notified Bodies 27. Instruments Used in Law Enforcement and Medical Services 28. Instrument Service Licenses 29. Appointment of Notified Bodies Chapter VI Miscellaneous Provisions 30. Appointment and Powers
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) the Case of The
    International Regulatory Co-operation and International Regulatory Co-operation International Organisations and International Organisations The Case of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) The Case of the The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is the intergovernmental organisation through which Member States act together on matters related to measurement International Bureau of science and measurement standards. Together with the wider metrology community, as well as other strategic partners, the BIPM ensures that the measurement results from Weights and Measures different states are comparable, mutually trusted and accepted. The BIPM provides a forum for the creation and worldwide adoption of common rules of measurement. The international system of measurement that the BIPM co-ordinates worldwide underpins the (BIPM) benefits of international regulatory co-operation (IRC): increased trade and investment flows and additional GDP points; gains in administrative efficiency and cost savings for governments, businesses and citizens; and societal benefits such as improved safety and strengthened environmental sustainability. Accurate measurements are specifically necessary to regulators and legislators for establishing and enforcing regulatory limits. This case study describes how the BIPM supports international regulatory co-operation (IRC) – its institutional context, its main characteristics, its impacts, successes and challenges. Contents The context of the regulatory co-operation Main characteristics of regulatory co-operation in the context of the BIPM Quality assurance, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms Assessment of the impact and successes of regulatory co-operation through the BIPM www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/irc.htm International Regulatory Co-operation and International Organisations The Case of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) By Juan (Ada) Cai PUBE 2 This work is published under the responsibility of the OECD Secretariat and the BIPM.
    [Show full text]
  • Fundamental Good Practice in Dimensional Metrology
    Good Practice Guide No. 80 Fundamental Good Practice in Dimensional Metrology David Flack and John Hannaford Measurement Good Practice Guide No. 80 Fundamental Good Practice in Dimensional Metrology David Flack Engineering Measurement Services Team Engineering Measurement Division John Hannaford ABSTRACT This good practice guide is written for those who need to make dimensional measurements but are not necessarily trained metrologists. On reading this guide you should have gained a basic knowledge of fundamental good practice when making dimensional measurements. An introduction to length units and key issues such as traceability and uncertainty is followed by some examples of typical sources of error in length measurement. Checking to specification, accreditation and measurement techniques are also covered along with an introduction to optical measurement techniques. © Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO First printed July 2005 Reprinted with minor corrections/amendments October 2012 ISSN 1368-6550 National Physical Laboratory Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW Acknowledgements This document has been produced for the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills; National Measurement System under contract number GBBK/C/08/17. Thanks also to Hexagon Metrology, Romer, Renishaw and Faro UK for providing some of the images and to Dr Richard Leach (NPL), Simon Oldfield (NPL), Dr Anthony Gee (University College London) and Prof Derek Chetwynd (University of Warwick) for suggesting improvements to this guide. i Contents Introduction
    [Show full text]
  • Units of Measurement to Be Used in Air and Ground Operations
    International Standards and Recommended Practices Annex 5 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations This edition incorporates all amendments adopted by the Council prior to 23 February 2010 and supersedes, on 18 November 2010, all previous editions of Annex 5. For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and Recommended Practices,see Foreword. Fifth Edition July 2010 International Civil Aviation Organization Suzanne TRANSMITTAL NOTE NEW EDITIONS OF ANNEXES TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION It has come to our attention that when a new edition of an Annex is published, users have been discarding, along with the previous edition of the Annex, the Supplement to the previous edition. Please note that the Supplement to the previous edition should be retained until a new Supplement is issued. Suzanne International Standards and Recommended Practices Annex 5 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations ________________________________ This edition incorporates all amendments adopted by the Council prior to 23 February 2010 and supersedes, on 18 November 2010, all previous editions of Annex 5. For information regarding the applicability of the Standards and Recommended Practices, see Foreword. Fifth Edition July 2010 International Civil Aviation Organization Published in separate English, Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 University Street, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int First edition 1948 Fourth edition 1979 Fifth edition 2010 Annex 5, Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations Order Number: AN 5 ISBN 978-92-9231-512-2 © ICAO 2010 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • National Standards) Rules, 2011
    The Legal Metrology (National Standards) Rules, 2011 NOTIFICATION New Delhi, the ...........2010 G.S.R. (E) - In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) read with clauses (a), (b), (d) and (e) of sub-section (2) of section 52 of the Legal Metrology Act, 2009 (1 of 2010), the Central Government hereby makes the following rules, namely:- CHAPTER 1 PRELIMINARY 1. Short title and commencement- (1) These rules may be called the Legal Metrology (National Standards) Rules, 2011. (2) They shall come into force on the 1st day of March, 2011. 2. Definitions- In these rules, unless the context otherwise requires:- (a) “Act” means the Legal Metrology Act, 2009 (1 of 2010); (b) “co-efficient” means those parameters without physical dimension or ratios of quantities of the same kind, which are necessary for particular measurements or for characterising properties of substances or mixtures of certain substances; ILLUSTRATION: Degree of alcoholic strength, percentage of Sugar and hardness of materials, are examples of co-efficients. (c) “derived units” means units, expressed algebraically in terms of base units, or in terms of base and supplementary units of weights or measures, by means of mathematical symbols of multiplication or division, or both. Explanation I.- Derived units having special names and symbols (such as 'Newton', with symbol 'N') may, by themselves, be used to express other derived units in a simpler way than in terms of the base units of weights and measures. Explanation II.- The values of dimensionless quantities (such as, refractive index, specific gravity, relative permeability or relative permittivity) are expressed by numbers.
    [Show full text]
  • Director's Report (2001-2002) on the Activity and Management of the BIPM
    Bureau International des Poids et Mesures Director’s Report on the Activity and Management of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (1 July 2001 – 30 June 2002) Note on the use of the English text To make its work more widely accessible the International Committee for Weights and Measures publishes an English version of these reports. Readers should note that the official record is always that of the French text. This must be used when an authoritative reference is required or when there is doubt about the interpretation of the text. 135 TABLE OF CONTENTS Member States of the Metre Convention and Associates of the General Conference 141 The BIPM and the Metre Convention 143 Staff of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures 147 Director’s Report on the Activity and Management of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (1 July 2001 – 30 June 2002) 149 1 Introduction 151 1.1 General introduction and summary of the scientific work 151 1.2 Publications, lectures, travel of the Director 159 1.2.1 External publications 159 1.2.2 Travel (conferences, lectures and presentations, visits) 159 1.3 Activities of the Director related to external organizations 160 2 Length 160 2.1 Comparisons and absolute frequency measurements 160 2.2 Stabilized lasers 161 2.2.1 Methane-stabilized He-Ne lasers at λ ≈ 3.39 µm using internal and external cells 161 2.2.2 Rubidium-stabilized diode lasers at λ ≈ 778 nm using the hyperfine components of 5S-5D two-photon transitions 162 2.2.3 Iodine-stabilized He-Ne lasers at λ ≈ 633 nm 162 2.2.4
    [Show full text]